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Dobler, Manuel Carlos Morais. "Melhoria do processo logístico através de um milk run." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15096.
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Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialOs custos associados aos bens e serviços adquiridos representam um papel importante na tomada de decisão das empresas. É com base nesta importante área da gestão de uma organização, as Compras, que será desenvolvido este trabalho. O presente trabalho analisa as diferentes etapas do processo de abastecimento, pretendendo melhorar e facilitar a gestão das cargas, o abastecimento e receção dos materiais adquiridos e consequentemente reduzir os custos associados com transporte e a contratação de serviços de transporte. É feita uma identificação dos principais problemas encontrados bem como são identificadas oportunidades de melhoria que serão aplicadas à realidade encontrada, tendo sido implementado um método de entregas segundo o modelo Milk Run. Esta alteração trouxe elevadas vantagens ao processo de entregas e redução de custos com transportes tornando o processo mais Lean.
The costs associated with purchased goods and services play an important role in decision making of companies. It is based on this important area of management of an organization, Purchasing, that this work will be developed. This project analyses the different stages of supply and intends to improve and facilitate the management of loads, the supply of purchased goods and consequently reduce the costs associated with transport and hiring transport services. Main problems encountered are described and improvement opportunities identified leading to the implementation of a delivery method according to the Milk Run model. This change brought major advantages to the analysed process of delivery and reduced transport costs making the process leaner.
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Nemec, Matej. "Implementace systému Milk Run pro výrobní linky zvolené oblasti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377442.
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Diploma thesis is focused on implementation of logistics system Milk Run for automotive lines in selected manufacturing company, which allows to deliver raw material for production effectively and on time. The theoretical part deals with the logistics principles, which are supporting lean manufacturing. The practical part is focused mainly on description of new supplying process and steps needed for implementation of Milk Run system in the company. The thesis is concluded with evaluation of project’s expected benefits.
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Meyer, Anne [Verfasser]. "Milk Run Design: Definitions, Concepts and Solution Approaches / Anne Meyer." Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2017. http://www.ksp.kit.edu.
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Reis, Diogo Oliveira. "Trabalho standard: MTM e ergonomia: normalização de operadores logísticos Milk Run." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/4523.
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Meyer, Anne [Verfasser], and K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Furmans. "Milk Run Design: Definitions, Concepts and Solution Approaches / Anne Meyer. Betreuer: K. Furmans." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080246347/34.
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Millegård, Jessica, and Sven Kurzbach. "Internal logistics : Optimizing the flow of goods with milk runs." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10116.
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In today's world the challenge of logistics becomes more and more important for all companies, which consequently contributes to the need of an integrated system of in-house logistics. Goods must flow easily between stations and departments in order to achieve the best utilization of transportation as well as maintaining a good distribution structure to handle these processes in an efficient and effective way to enhance business performance and competitiveness. This report aims to provide research on how to strategically organize, plan and structure the flow of internal logistics within an organization. The research in this study originates from 3 main methods, a theoretical review, a case study and a benchmark. The main idea of the thesis was to contribute with scientific knowledge of improvements that can be achieved within internal logistics targeting companies operating within the service sector. In order to understand the scope of the problem the current state at the case Tropical Islands was analysed and served to identify areas where possible improvements could be achieved. Further on, in combination with the theory and empirical findings the main conclusions of the thesis was the need to strategically organize the flow of internal logistics to improve efficiency and enhance competitiveness. It was made evident that planning is essential in order to successfully implement the milk runs. Other tools could be utilized to further eliminate drawbacks that might occur.
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Gabellini, Matteo. "Ottimizzazione della logistica inbound ad un impianto industriale in ottica milk run: il caso Biesse S.p.A." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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L'attenzione sempre maggiore verso una corretta gestione
della propria supply chain spinge sempre più aziende a
rivedere le proprie attività logistiche inbound e outbound.
All'interno della seguente tesi, maturata durante l'esperienza
di tirocinio svolta presso Biesse S.p.A, verrà quindi
dettagliato lo studio condotto circa la convenienza economica
dell'introduzione di una politica di ritiro della merce in
ottica Milk run.
L'analisi muove i passi da un primo studio della letteratura
matematica legata all'argomento, per poi procedere alla
valutazione della situazione attuale dei ricevimenti e
termina con la valutazione tecnica e economica della nuova
proposta.
Particolare enfasi viene posta infine sulla necessità di
poter gestire la creazione delle rotte in maniera dinamica,
motivazione che ha portato alla realizzazione di un apposito
software tramite linguaggio Python.
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Montanino, Danilo. "Analisi del parco fornitori e razionalizzazione della logistica inbound mediante milk run : il caso ACMA S.p.A." Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24775/.
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Questo elaborato, frutto dell'esperienza maturata dal candidato durante il suo percorso di tirocinio, svoltosi presso la sede principale di ACMA S.p.A., ha come obiettivo la razionalizzazione di un campione di fornitori in ottica milk-run, in modo da ridurre i tempi di approvvigionamento di materiale.
L'azienda in questione, tra i leader mondiali nella produzione di macchine automatiche per il confezionamento e l'impacchettamento di beni di consumo, ha la necessità di ridurre i tempi di consegna dei propri prodotti, soddisfando le aspettative del mercato, che sono sempre più stringenti, senza dover aumentare la quantità di stock e di conseguenza i relativi costi.
Per fare questo si è deciso di progettare una strategia di pianificazione dei prelievi dai fornitori in base alla teoria del milk-run, adattando la metodologia alla particolare situazione aziendale.
A tale scopo è stato selezionato, sulla base di analisi sia numeriche sia strategiche, un campione di fornitori su cui progettare la soluzione, in modo da poterla implementare e successivamente, in caso di esito positivo, espanderla a un campione di fornitori più numeroso.
I risultati, basati su simulazioni della situazione to-be rispetto a quella attuale, mostrano una notevole riduzione dei Lead Time dei fornitori, con tempi di consegna ridotti fino a due settimane e con una media vicina ai cinque giorni. Mostra, inoltre, un netto miglioramento delle prestazioni logistiche dei fornitori, aumentando la percentuale di OTD e diminuendo i giorni medi di ritardo.
I costi totali non subiscono sostanziali variazioni rispetto alla situazione precedente.
Il progetto è un punto di partenza per un'estensione di questo strumento all'intera Supply Chain, in modo da avere non solo un aumento del livello di servizio dell'intera Supply Chain, ma anche di ridurre, o comunque di mantenere inalterati, i relativi costi logistici.
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Jaroň, Dominik. "Tvorba výrobní koncepce pro zabezpečení výrobního procesu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400937.
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Diploma thesis presents project about improving transportation of input material for assembly workplaces within the production department. Theoretical part is focused on the definition of production and logistics processes in general. Practical part is first devoted to analysis of original way of supplying materials. Then there is presented a lean supplying concept with Milk run followed by conclusions about the project benefits. At the end, there is also presented a way of improvement of informational flows by using informational technologies.
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Motta, Rinaldo César Martins. "Análise da cadeia de suprimentos por meio de fornecedores parceiros : estudo de caso em uma empresa do Vale do Paraíba Paulista." Universidade de Taubaté, 2010. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=553.
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Com o processo de globalização das economias em curso, as empresas, em geral, vêm sofrendo crescente concorrência na busca e manutenção de clientes. Qualquer oportunidade que represente vantagem competitiva tem sido analisada e frequentemente adotada pelas mais diversas empresas. Nesse contexto, a cadeia de suprimentos de uma organização pode se constituir em um diferencial competitivo, na medida em que favorece a redução de custos e a melhoria da qualidade dos recursos de produção adquiridos. Por outro lado, atrasos e/ou faltas de insumos na cadeia produtiva, geram perdas de recursos e pode prejudicar a imagem da empresa perante o mercado. Dentro dessa perspectiva foi estudada a cadeia de suprimentos de uma empresa multinacional, fabricante de máquinas e equipamentos, situada no Vale do Paraíba, no Estado de São Paulo. O desenvolvimento do trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os atrasos e faltas de insumos provenientes da cadeia de suprimentos, bem como do processo de compras e da coleta de peças para o sistema de produção até então vigente na empresa. Para reverter esse quadro, optou-se por um novo sistema de compras e de coleta de peças que pudesse contribuir para a eliminação ou a redução de perdas. Para isso, em um processo decisório compartilhado, adotaram os fundamentos do Comakership e da Gestão por Indicadores, visando alcançar os objetivos propostos. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram a relevância estratégica da integração da cadeia de suprimentos, utilizando-se fornecedores parceiros. A identificação das perdas e a adoção de um novo sistema de suprimentos e de coleta de peças, aplicando-se o processo Milk Run, foram responsáveis pela redução dos custos provenientes de atrasos e faltas de peças que impactavam a produção da empresa, entre outros benefícios. As soluções encontradas geraram uma relação mais estável e duradoura com os fornecedores, além de ampliar a competitividade e as condições de sobrevivência da própria organização.The current process of economic globalization has brought a growing competitiveness for the maintenance and persuit of customers among the companies. Each opportunity that represents competitive advantage has been analyzed and often adopted by several companies. In this context, the suppliers network of the companies may imply a competitive differential as it favors the reduction of costs and the improvement of quality in the acquired production resources. On the other side, delays and/or missing resources in the production chain generate losses of resources and may damage the image of the company in the market. With that aim a study was carried out in the supply chain of a multinational company which makes equipments and machinery in Vale do Paraíba in the state of São Paulo. The development of this work began with the identification of delays and lacks of the resources that come from the supplying chain, as well as, from the process of purchasing and collecting equipment pieces for the system of production then present in the company. In order to reverse the situation, a new purchasing and collecting system that could contribute for the elimination or reduction of those losses was chosen. For that a shared decisive process in the principles of Comakership aligned to the indicative management aiming were adopted. The obtained results have shown the strategic relevance of the integration of the supplying chain. The partnership with suppliers, identification of losses and adoption of a new supplying and collecting system using the Milk Run process, were responsible for the reduction of costs caused by the delays and lack of equipment pieces that used to get the company production stuck among other benefits. The solutions found generated a more stable and lasting relationship with suppliers besides amplifying the competitiveness and survival conditions of the company itself.
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Moura, Delmo Alves de. "Caracterização e análise de um sistema de coleta programada de peças, Milk Run, na indústria automobilística nacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3135/tde-29102001-122751/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é caracterizar e analisar um novo sistema de abastecimento de suprimentos que está sendo adotado por diversas indústrias automobilísticas nacionais, denominado Milk Run. Este sistema consiste na coleta programada de peças junto aos fornecedores das montadoras, e diferentemente do sistema de abastecimento denominado Convencional, no qual o fornecedor entrega suas peças na planta da montadora. A análise visa estudar se existirá redução de estoque na cadeia de suprimentos com o novo sistema implantado, quais os custos pertinentes a esta nova técnica, qual o papel do fornecedor, da montadora e do operador logístico (transportadora) no novo processo e suas vantagens em relação ao sistema Convencional. Para levantamento do problema em estudo, a adoção do sistema Milk Run, foram realizadas visitas nas indústrias automobilísticas nacionais. Alguns fornecedores, que participam deste sistema, também foram visitados para compreender como, na prática, é realizada a coleta programada, suas vantagens e desvantagens. Operadores logísticos, que executam a operação de transporte para as montadoras também foram visitado. Esta dissertação visa relatar que o sistema Milk Run adota uma concepção de trabalho com enorme ênfase na filosofia Just-in-Time, e procura seguir alguns de seus princípios como: redução do estoque de materiais, maior freqüência de abastecimento de suprimentos e maior integração entre as partes que compõem o sistema, montadora e fornecedor. A contribuição deste trabalho está em caracterizar e analisar o novo sistema, Milk Run, e propor uma comparação dos custos da nova abordagem, com os custos pertinentes ao sistema Convencional (no qual os fornecedores entregam suas peças diretamente na planta da montadora). Esta comparação baseia-se nos custos definidos pelas literaturas em função do tamanho do lote de aquisição de peças e uma análise de Trade-offs entre as variáveis destes sistemas em função da flutuação da demanda anual. No sistema Milk Run em estudo será utilizado o Kanban como ferramenta de gerenciamento de requisição de peças.The objective of this dissertation is to feature and analyse the new systems of procurement in Brazilian vehicle industry called Milk Run. This study compares Milk Run, which is a scheduled pick up automobile parts program, picking up automobile parts from several suppliers and returning the reusable containers to suppliers, to Conventional system of procurement (each supplier delivery its automobile parts in the vehicle assembly plant). The analysis is to study the inventory cost in both cases Milk Run and Conventional systems. Another analysis is to understand the role of the supplier, automaker and the logistic provider in Milk Run system and its advantages. Many visits have been necessary to the automakers, suppliers and logistics providers to understand this new situation in Brazil. This dissertation shows that Milk Run system is very close to Just-in-Time system and adopt the same philosophy as: reduction of inventory, increase frequency supply and increase integration between both parts, automaker and supplier. This dissertation tries to contribute to understand the costs included in both system and propose a modeling to compare the costs inherent in Milk Run and Conventional system. This modeling uses the costs defined in the literature about inventory and transportation system depending on the shipment size and one analysis of the Trade-offs in both systems.
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Keller, Marielle, and Iris Kuylenstierna. "Future Customer Demand on the Supply Chain and Contribution of the Milk Run Concept at Iggesund Paperboard AB." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-124381.
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Abstract Since there is an increased uncertainty of future customer demand industries and firms have to be more responsive meeting this volatile demand. Making the supply chain more efficient is one way of doing this. Iggesund Paperboard AB (IPAB) wants a greater consciousness about their future customer demand of the supply chain and therefore an investigation of the predicted future customer demand is made. This investigation included secondary data analysis and in-depth interviews with employees at IPAB. The secondary data analysis gives an indication of the predicted future customer demand and the in-depth interviews describes today’s situation. Together they give an indication of where IPAB stands today and where they are heading in terms of future demand. Also an analysis of how to get a more efficient supply chain is made. The milk run concept is applied to a selected number of German merchants where the selection is based on historical data from the years 2014-2015. If the milk run concept is implemented the authors predict IPAB to meet the future customer demand together with a reduction of 31 % of the overall transportation cost.
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Darner, Stefan, Leah Lam, and Martin Svensson. "Möjligheter och hinder vid transportkonsolidering : En väg mot cirkulär ekonomi." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12790.
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Idag sker många transporter med låg utnyttjandegrad vilket gör att transportkostnaden per produkt blir hög samtidigt som transporter har en negativ påverkan på miljön. Genom att konsolidera transporter kan utnyttjandegraden av transporterna öka. Ökad utnyttjandegrad kan även hjälpa företagen att gå mot cirkulär ekonomi där målet är att utnyttja resurserna maximalt. För små och medelstora företag kan det dock vara svårt att bygga upp samarbeten med andra företag. Dessa företag möter olika möjligheter och hinder vid implementering av transportkonsolidering, därför kommer denna studien identifiera vilka dessa är. Studien har genomförts i samarbete med 16 företag i Orust kommun och har visat att de största hindren vid transportkonsolidering är kundkrav, produktkrav och informationsdelning. Företagen upplevde att kundernas krav på korta ledtider skulle göra det svårt att samordna transporter med andra företag. Många företag upplevde även att produktkraven deras produkter ställer på transporterna skulle försvåra transportkonsolidering. Studien kunde dock visa att flera företag hade liknande produktkrav vilket möjliggör transportkonsolidering. En del företag ansåg att det saknades stöd och samarbete för den informationsdelning som krävs vid konsolidering. De främsta möjligheterna som identifierades är företagskulturen och viljan att gå mot en mer hållbar distributionskedja. Företagen som deltog i intervjuerna nämnde att de såg positivt på transportkonsolidering om det fanns ett sätt att enkelt samordna transporterna. De är även aktiva i Orust Kretsloppsakademi som arbetar för ett hållbart Orust vilket visar att det finns ett intresse av att bli mer hållbara.Today, many transports are at a low rate of utilization. This means that shipping costs per product will be high and at the same time transports have a negative impact on the environment. Consolidating transports can increase the utilization rate for transports which minimizes costs and environmental impact. Increased utilization rates can also help companies move towards circular economics where the goal is to maximize their utilization of resources. However, for small and medium size companies it may be difficult to build up partnerships with other companies. These companies face different possibilities and obstacles in implementing transport consolidation, therefore this study will identify these. The study has been carried out in cooperation with 16 companies in Orust and has shown that the main obstacles to transport consolidation are customer requirements, product requirements and information sharing. The companies perceived that customer demand for short lead times would make it difficult to coordinate transport with other companies. Many companies also found that the productrequirements of their products on transport would make transport consolidation difficult. However, the study showed that several companies had similar product requirements, which enables transport consolidation. Some companies also felt that there was no support and cooperation for the information sharing required for consolidation. The main opportunities identified were corporate culture and the desire to move towards a more sustainable distribution chain. The companies that participated in the interviews mentioned that they can see possibilities of transport consolidation if there was a way to easily coordinate transport. They are also active in the Orust Kretsloppsakademi that works for a sustainable Orust, which shows that there is an interest in becoming more sustainable.
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Zhang, Luying, Zhaoyu Hou, and Xiaoying Qiu. "Third party logistics in Chinese automotive industry : a case study of a Chinese automotive manufacturer-Shanghai General Motors." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12407.
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In today’s Chinese automotive industry, the traditional self-management logistics mode cannot fulfill higher requirement of logistics performance, more and more automotive manufacturers seek to outsource their logistics activities to third-party logistics service providers to optimize supply chain management. Milk run system is a typical example of 3PL mode in automotive industry, which can help firms minimize costs and improve logistics function simultaneously. Given the increasing importance of 3PL, many literatures are concerned about the usage of 3PL; however, few of them discussed 3PL form the perspective of China. Besides, in terms of Milk run system, seldom articles focus on this innovative logistics mode, especially in Chinese automotive industry. Therefore, in this thesis work, authors discuss 3PL from the perspective of Chinese automotive industry, especially focus on the typical 3PL mode—Milk run system, set SGM as case company, aiming at find out the factors that facilitate Chinese automotive manufacturers convert self-management mode to 3PL mode, and then discuss the benefits of professional 3PL services; in addition, authors emphasize on Milk run system and its unique benefits. The research objectives are solved by combining literature review and empirical findings. Relevant literatures are downloaded from Internet and Library’s database. Empirical findings are gathered by interviews and questionnaires. Through comparing literature review with findings, both external and internal factors that facilitate automotive manufacturers change logistics mode are summarized. Besides, some professional 3PL services are identified by literature review and validated by questionnaires. According to different categories of 3PL services, their benefits are discussed from two aspects: supply chain integration and core competence improvement. In addition, the benefits of Milk run system are represented by literature review and then through comparing with empirical findings, some unique benefits are summarized. In this thesis work, the main theoretical contribution is the knowledge of Milk run system, which including its features, implementation processes, and its benefits.
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Kuljačková, Tereza. "Optimalizace inbound logistiky u vybrané společnosti v automotivu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162799.
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The Master's Thesis is focused on optimization of inbound logistics of Toyota Peugeot Citroën Automobile. The aim of the Master's Thesis is analysis of current status of logistics in TPCA and detailed observation and research of logistic processes and routes with emphasis on the planning system. Factors affecting the decision making during logistics planning and process of information searching were identified with special attention for milk-routes. First chapter describes development of logistics a specifics of logistics in automotive industry. Following chapter analyse current status of logistics, types of logistic routes a system of the planning. Third chapter propose options for logistics planning optimization with help of improved information source obtaining, study the suitability of used logistics routes and test possibilities of utilization of commercial software. Last chapter of thesis is comparing logistics of TPCA and Škoda Auto.
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Marques, Rúben de Almeida. "Logística de abastecimento de células logísticas." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/16369.
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Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialO ritmo e a exigência dos mercados atuais impõem um sistema logístico ágil e flexível, capaz de responder a novas reivindicações e, simultaneamente, manter um nível de serviço de excelência. Eliminar desperdícios faz parte da melhoria contínua, reduzindo custos e mantendo a organização competitiva. A Bosch Termotecnologia, S.A., também enfrenta estes desafios o que nos levou a identificar a eliminação de desperdícios na cadeia de abastecimento logística, introduzindo ganhos de eficiência e melhorias no nível de serviço ao cliente sem esquecer um aspeto importante, a segurança. Para atingir os ganhos esperados neste projeto, foram aplicadas metodologias de gestão específicas da área de projetos e standarização de processos.
The rhythm and demand of the actual markets, imposes an agile and flexible logistic system, able to respond to new claims and, simultaneously, keep a service level of excellence. To eliminate waste, make part of the continuous improvement, reducing costs and maintaining a competitive organization. Bosch Thermotecnology, S.A., also face this challenges which take us to identify the waste elimination in the logistic supply chain, introducing efficiency gains and improvements at client service level without forgetting an important aspect, security. To achieve the expected gains in this project, it was applied specific management methodologies of the project area and project standardization.
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Rehman, Haroon, Sukesh Manthri, Sonia Oad, and Kanishka Chakraborty. "Not Your Regular Run-of-the-Mill Bladder Cancer." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/77.
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Bladder cancer is the one of the most common malignancies of the genitourinary system and the overwhelming majority of those cases, approximately 90% in the United States(1), are of the urothelial/transitional cell histologic type. Small cell histologic type of bladder cancer is extremely rare with a mean frequency of 0.7% (1), and due to its rarity, there have not been any large phase III clinical trials in order to establish a definitive treatment regimen. We report here one such case of this rare type of bladder cancer and our approach towards treatment.
A 69-year-old man had an incidental finding of microscopic hematuria during routine annual testing performed by his primary care physician. He was referred to a urologist for further evaluation, and in the interim, he began to experience symptoms of nocturia, dysuria and gross hematuria. Cystoscopy revealed a 5 cm sessile mass within the bladder and transurethral resection of the tumor was performed. Histopathological analysis of the tumor revealed muscle invasive poorly differentiated urothelial carcinoma with neuroendocrine features suggestive of small cell carcinoma. Follow-up systemic imaging only revealed multiple lesions in the liver, with the largest solitary liver lesion measuring 4.4 x 3.4 cm and no discrete lung lesions. Patient was started on palliative systemic chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide and follow-up imaging demonstrated excellent response after four cycles of treatment; however, follow-up imaging after the completion of 6 cycles of treatment demonstrated disease progression. Patient was referred for consideration of enrollment into any clinical trials; however, unfortunately no trials were found to be available. Patient was subsequently offered systemic treatment with single-agent immunotherapy with pembrolizumab. Due to development of left sided hydronephrosis, nephrostomy tube placement was performed and patient was also started on palliative radiation.
Primary small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is an exceedingly rare malignancy and therefore, data is not readily available in order to guide treatment decisions. The most commonly administered regimen consists of etoposide with a platinum agent, and this regimen is extrapolated from the treatment of SCC of the lung. However, as for patients like ours, who had progression of disease in a short interval and are deemed primary treatment (platinum) refractory, the prognosis certainly becomes far more grim and the treatment choices even more limited. In sharing our treatment approach, we hope to be able to provide insight towards potential future treatment choices for this most-challenging diagnosis, primary small cell carcinoma of the bladder.
(1) Blomjous CE, et. al. Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. A clinicopathologic, morphometric, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of 18 cases. Cancer. 1989 Sep 15; 64(6):1347-57.
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Das, Arunachal P. "Nonpoint Source Modeling of Indian Run Watershed." Connect to online version at OhioLINK ETD Connect to online version at Digital.Maag, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1989/4790.
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Geurten, Robert L. "Influence of heart rate monitor on performance in one mile run." < Digital Thesis and Dissertation Collection > Username and password required for access, SU only, 2003. http://www.su.edu/library.digitalthesis/geurtenrobert.pdf.
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Hu, Zhewei. "Aqua + Culture: Intergrating Fish, Farming, and Flood-control Systems on Four Mile Run." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/72227.
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This thesis begins with the study of a highly integrated agricultural system called dike-pond system in Pearl River Delta, South China. From the study, two aspects of dike-pond system are found interesting. One is the material flow in the system which makes full use of the by-products. The other is the function of preventing flooding by protecting crops on the dike and increasing water storage capacity with ponds. Duplicating the system to other parts of world seems impossible because of the weather conditions, technical requirements to operate the system and its intensive labor requirement. However, in a broader view, it seems possible to apply the concepts of reusing "waste" and preventing flood to other places.
With the inspiration of this system, this thesis studies how the concept might be adapted to Washington Metropolitan area. Several specific questions are critical to the inquiry: How to integrate different components into a system according to local situation? How to produce multiple products that feedback into the flow of materials and resources just like dike-pond system? How to reuse 'waste' or forgotten resources? How to prevent floods without using an engineered flood wall? How to create a place that people can have different fishing experiences in urban region? How to provide a habitat for urban wildlife?
My thesis addressed these questions through a design for a public space along the downstream of Four Mile Run in Arlington, Virginia. With design criteria derived from case studies and literature review, this project aims to control floods, cycle organic matter in wetlands, ponds and farm fields, provide fishing places, fish habitat, open spaces... All in an integrated system with little waste and a wise reuse of the "waste" water.Master of Landscape Architecture
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Carver, Melissa. "Nutrient Concentrations and Effects on Mill Run from Residential, Urban, and Industrial Stormwater Contamination." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2019. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/505.
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Nutrients are introduced into the waters of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania through various methods, mainly through point and non-point sources. Non-point sources would include agricultural means however, there are often other non-point sources that are often overlooked. Water runoff from stormwater is an important contributor to pollution entering various watersheds. Data was collected at 4 locations (the initial point of reference, residential, urban, and industrial) on Mill Run and 2 locations on Woodcock Creek, through surface water collection methods in dry and wet weather. Nitrate, Nitrite, Total Phosphorus, and Total Nitrogen were among the data collected. Total Phosphorus had an increasing trend in concentration as the study progressed. Nitrate, Nitrite and Total Nitrogen showed no increasing trends. Location 3 (Urban Zone) produced the largest increase in Total Phosphorus. Weather conditions played a role in higher Nitrate concentrations while warm water produced higher Nitrite concentrations
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Botha, Stefan. "Hybrid non-linear model predictive control of a run-of-mine ore grinding mill circuit." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66915.
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A run-of-mine (ROM) ore milling circuit is primarily used to grind incoming ore containing precious
metals to a powder fine enough to liberate the valuable minerals contained therein. The ground ore
has a product particle size specification that is set by the downstream separation unit. A ROM ore
milling circuit typically consists of a mill, sump and classifier (most commonly a hydrocyclone). These
circuits are difficult to control because of unmeasurable process outputs, non-linearities, time delays,
large unmeasured disturbances and complex models with modelling uncertainties. The ROM ore
milling circuit should be controlled to meet the final product quality specification, but throughput
should also be maximised. This further complicates ROM ore grinding mill circuit control, since an
inverse non-linear relationship exists between the quality and throughput.
ROM ore grinding mill circuit control is constantly evolving to find the best control method with
peripheral tools to control the plant. Although many studies have been conducted, more are continually
undertaken, since the controller designs are usually based on various assumptions and the required
measurements in the grinding mill circuits are often unavailable.To improve controller performance, many studies investigated the inclusion of additional manipulated variables (MVs) in the controller formulation to help control process disturbances, or to provide some form of functional control. Model predictive control (MPC) is considered one of the best advanced process control (APC) techniques and linear MPC controllers have been implemented on grinding mill circuits, while various other advanced controllers have been investigated and tested in simulation. Because of the complexity of grinding mill circuits non-linear MPC (NMPC) controllers have achieved better results in simulations where a wider operating region is required. In the search for additional MVs some researchers have considered including the discrete dynamics as part of the controller formulation instead of segregating them from the APC or base-layer controllers. The discrete dynamics are typically controlled using a layered approach. Discrete dynamics are on/off elements and in the case of a closed-loop grinding mill circuit the discrete elements can be on/off activation variables for feed conveyor belts to select which stockpile is used, selecting whether a secondary grinding stage should be active or not, and switching hydrocyclones in a hydrocyclone cluster. Discrete dynamics are added directly to the APC controllers by using hybrid model predictive control (HMPC). HMPC controllers have been designed for grinding mill circuits, but none of them has considered the switching of hydrocyclones as an additional MV and they only include linear dynamics for the continuous elements. This study addresses this gap by implementing a hybrid NMPC (HNMPC) controller that can switch the hydrocyclones in a cluster.
A commonly used continuous-time grinding mill circuit model with one hydrocyclone is adapted to contain a cluster of hydrocyclones, resulting in a hybrid model. The model parameters are refitted to ensure that the initial design steady-state conditions for the model are still valid with the cluster. The novel contribution of this research is the design of a HNMPC controller using a cluster of hydrocyclones as an additional MV. The HNMPC controller is formulated using the complete nonlinear hybrid model and a genetic algorithm (GA) as the solver. An NMPC controller is also designed and implemented as the base case controller in order to evaluate the HNMPC controller’s performance. To further illustrate the functional control benefits of including the hydrocyclone cluster as an MV, a linear optimisation objective was added to the HNMPC to increase the grinding circuit throughput, while maintaining the quality specification. The results show that the HNMPC controller outperforms the NMPC one in terms of setpoint tracking, disturbance rejection, and process optimisation objectives. The GA is shown to be a good solver for HNMPC, resulting in a robust controller that can still control the plant even when state noise is added to the simulation.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
National Research Foundation (DAAD-NRF)
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
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Milne, Darren G. "Motivation and its impact on the performance of Special Olympic athletes during the 1.5-mile run." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ53193.pdf.
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Arsovski, Dragan. "Run-of-the-mill ecology to sexual brutality and evolution : annals of an aroused tortoise population." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LAROS016/document.
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Deux populations de tortues d’Hermann (Testudo hermanni, une espèce à maturité tardive ~10 ans) ont été étudiées sur le continent et sur une île dans la région du lac Prespa en Macédoine. Avant la maturité, la croissance des tortues est lente, puis accélère, entrainant une augmentation des taux de survie annuelle (de 0.30 à 0.70) et des variations de taille. Un potentiel pour une croissance continue, le durcissement de la carapace et un plateau de survie à cinq ans (0.90) induisent de fortes variations interindividuelles des trajectoires de croissance, et donnent une gamme étendue des tailles asymptotiques. Nos données questionnent la notion d’une taille unique à maturité puisqu‘une augmentation progressive des taux de testostérone suggère que la maturité s’établit pour des tailles entre 115 et 140 mm. Dans le genre Testudo les femelles sont plus grandes que les mâles ; les estimations des tailles asymptotiques observées le confirment. Mais sur l’île les plus grandes tortues sont des mâles. Avec ~100 individus/ha et un sexe ratio opérationnel (OSR ♂/♀) de ~11, la coercition exercée par les mâles entraine des blessures cloacales chez les femelles et dégrade leur condition corporelle, augmentant les coûts des accouplements. La survie des mâles (0.97) surpasse celle des femelles (0.84). Les femelles insulaires ne vivent pas longtemps, sont détournées de la reproduction et le faible recrutement biaise encore le sexe ratio, poussant la population vers l’extinction. Les rares femelles souffrent tandis que les mâles frustrés exhibent des comportements homosexuels fréquents, voire exubérants. Ces résultats sont discutés dans un contexte de conservationTwo populations, island and mainland, of promiscuous sexually coercive Hermann tortoises (Testudo hermanni, a species with delayed maturity ~10 years) from the Prespa Region in Macedonia were scrutinized. Prior maturity, tortoises first grow slowly, thereafter gradually increase growth speed, variation in body size and survival probability (mean annual survival rate: 0.30 to 0.70). Potential for indeterminate growth, progressive hardening of the carapace and a survival plateau at the age of five (0.90) promote inter-individual variations in growth trajectories and a wide range of adult asymptotic sizes. Our data question the classical notion of a given size at maturity; instead progressive raise of testosterone levels suggests that maturity is established in growing males ranging from 115 to 140mm in body length. In the Testudo genus females are larger than males; asymptotic estimates of body size show that the studied populations make no exception. Yet, the largest island tortoises are males. With ~100 individuals/ha and an operational sex ratio (OSR ♂/♀) of ~11, male sexual coercion provokes cloacal injuries to females and reduces their body-condition, increasing female mating costs. Male adult survival (0.97) is greater compared to female survival (0.84). Island females do not live long, are discouraged from reproduction and low recruitment further exacerbates OSR-bias, eventually leading to population extinction. Where females suffer and are underrepresented, frustrated males exhibit frequent same-sex sexual behaviours along with extravagant sexual behaviours. The results are discussed in a conservation framework
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McCulloch, Craig Allen. "Characterization of the cooling and transformation of steels on a run-out table of hot-strip mill." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27900.
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A mathematical model has been developed to predict the thermal history of strip during cooling on the run-out table of a hot strip mill. The model incorporates phase transformation kinetics and accounts for the heat of transformation. To characterize the cooling by laminar water sprays, in-plant trials were conducted at the Stelco Lake Erie Works hot strip mill. The temperature data was used in the thermal model to calculate an overall heat transfer coefficient for a laminar water bank of 1 kW/m²°C. Isothermal diametral dilatometer testing was used to generate phase transformation kinetics for a 0.34 weight percent plain carbon steel. Continuous cooling dilatometer testing was used to calculate the transformation start time as a function of the cooling rate. The high cooling rates of 40 °C/s to 50°C/s, experienced on the run-out table had the effect of depressing the transformation start temperature by over 100°C.
The phase transformation kinetics were incorporated in a phase transformation model and employed to predict thermal profiles for a 0.34 carbon plain-carbon steel. The temperature predictions were within 25"C of the plant pyrometer readings using the calculated overall heat transfer coefficient and within 35°C of the plant pyrometer values using literature derived heat transfer coefficients.
A simulation of the model predicted cooling conditions on a Gleeble high temperature testing machine showed that the transformation was occurring at approximately 730°C. The empirical transformation start time, obtained from cooling rate versus transformation start time tests, which was used in the phase transformation portion of the model, and the Gleeble simulation gave excellent agreement with the model thermal profile predictions.Applied Science, Faculty of
Materials Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Xiaoming, Jiang. "The evolution of property rights in China : a long-run analysis with special reference to Hefeng textile mill." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284144.
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Jackson, Bryan K. "A comparison of completion times between a 1.5-mile run on an indoor track and treadmill in physically active individuals /." Read thesis online, 2008. http://library.uco.edu/UCOthesis/JacksonBK2008.pdf.
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Wood, Melissa A. "The effects of caffeine on ratings of perceived exertion and completion times in a 1.5-mile run test in college-aged males /." Read thesis online, 2007. http://library.uco.edu/UCOthesis/WoodMA2007.pdf.
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Weerathunga, Lahiru. "ANALYSIS FOR AN ECONOMICALLY SUITABLE COAL TO PUTTALAM COAL POWER STATION TO RUN THE PLANT IN FULL LOAD CAPACITY." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-16344.
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Sri Lanka is an island at the Indian Ocean with 65234 km2 and it has a power demand of 2000 MW. The hydro power was the main power source before year 2000, after maximum usage of hydro power Sri Lanka installed fossil fuel power plant to achieve the demand. Then the electricity price gradually increased due to higher increment of fuel price. As the solution for this higher price of electricity the government has to go to new profitable power source the coal power. Finally year 2011 Puttalam coal power plant 300 MW x 1 was installed with the hope of providing the low cost reliable energy supply to Sri Lanka and it will be extended to 300MW x 3 plan in year 2015. Therefore the puttalam coal power plant is the key power plant to the Sri Lankan power generation and it is expected to have the maximum output (base load) to the Power demand of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka is a tropical country and it has two different weather seasons as rainy season and dry season. The puttalam power plant situated at Kalpitiya peninsula and it has normally dry weather condition, Months of April, October November and December have heavy rain condition (Meteorological Department, Sri Lanka, 2012). The puttalam coal power plant may not achieve full load because of high moisture content at rainy season. So this Thesis carried out to find the capability to achieve the full load with available plant, plant capacity by using different coal qualities. Then find the economical benefits and effect on the environment with the recommended coal for different seasons and also design a storage plan to coal storage at existing coal yard. Based on the historical data and the Meteorological department rain fall data and by doing a technical analysis the recommended coal type was selected and the capability of plant equipment capacity to the recommended coal to achieve the full load was analyzed. Then the coal storage plan was designed according to annual requirement of the different recommended coal and economical benefit was analyzed by considering last year cost for generated power and the generation cost, if recommended coal is used for last year. Finally flue gas analysis was carried out for the recommended coal to find the effect on the environment. The recommended coal for rainy season is with the heating value of 6600 kcal/kg and for dry season it is 6300 kcal/kg. The capacities of main boiler and other plant equipments are capable for the recommended coal to achieve the full load of the plant. Then the design of the coal storage plan was given under figure 4.2 and table 4.1. It was calculated that a profit of 3.932 million US$ can be achieved by using the recommended coal for the last year and also when compared with the changing price of oil and coal it will be more profitable for the future. Because the oil price increases very rapidly and the increase in coal price is very low compared to the oil price. Finally the SOx and NOx emissions from recommended coal were analyzed and it was within the environmental limits because of the high quality emission reduction plant equipments.
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Ricci, Joseph Anthony. ""All Necessary Force": The Coast Guard And The Sinking of the Rum Runner "I'm Alone"." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1342.
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Passage of the Volstead Act in 1920 expanded the mission of the U.S. Coast Guard. Law enforcement directives required officers to use "all necessary force" should a liquor smuggling vessel refuse the order to stop. On March 22, 1929, the Coast Guard Cutter Dexter sank the Canadian-flagged rum runner I'm Alone in the Gulf of Mexico, triggering an international incident that centered on "hot pursuit" and treaty jurisdiction. International encounters occurred frequently during Prohibition. The I'm Alone incident was the first sinking of a foreign flagged vessel that cost the life of a foreign national. The I'm Alone affair reflected the barriers any federal law enforcement agency faced in making Prohibition effective. The rum runner captain became a celebrity in Canada, while the Coast Guard was vilified. The Coast Guard amended boarding procedures after the incident cautioning officers about the possibility of accidental deaths.
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Santos, Maiara da Silva. "Desenvolvimento de métodos de RMN para controle de qualidade de produtos farmacêuticos e agrícolas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-02072014-153817/.
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A necessidade de um controle de qualidade seguro e confiável em produtos e/ou matérias-primas provenientes das indústrias farmacêuticas e agrícolas torna as análises de seus ativos e constituintes extremamente importantes para os fabricantes, bem como para os usuários desses produtos. Apesar da espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) ser uma das mais importantes ferramentas de análise qualitativa, ainda é pouco usada para fins quantitativos. Considerando esses fatos, métodos para análises de produtos farmacêuticos e agrícolas, empregando técnicas de RMN, foram desenvolvidos no presente trabalho. Um método quantitativo de RMN de 1H em alta resolução para análise de paracetamol em diferentes formulações farmacêuticas foi validado de acordo com a Resolução RE nº 899. Neste método foi usado um padrão interno, tornando desnecessária a construção de uma curva analítica. Outros ativos presentes nas formulações também puderam ser quantificados e alguns excipientes, identificados. De acordo com NBR 14029, foram desenvolvidos e validados métodos empregando RMN em alta resolução de 1H e 31P para análise de glifosato em agrotóxicos. Neste caso, foi empregado um padrão externo, o qual possibilitou análises quantitativas sequenciais dos diferentes núcleos sem a necessidade de um novo preparo de amostra. A RMN em alta resolução de 1H também foi avaliada como um método alternativo para a determinação de ácidos graxos em óleos e azeites, dispensando as reações de transesterificações necessárias para as análises cromatográficas. A RMN no domínio do tempo (RMN-DT) foi usada no desenvolvimento de um método para detecção de adulteração de azeites de oliva com óleo de soja. Esse método baseou-se na diferença de viscosidade do azeite e do óleo e possui a grande vantagem de poder ser aplicado em embalagens lacradas. Por fim, diferentes abordagens analíticas empregando a RMN em alta resolução foram feitas para análises do fitoterápico Cardo-Leiteiro (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn., Asteraceae), possibilitando a quantificação simultânea de sete constituintes ativos, incluindo dois pares de diastereoisômeros. Assim, demonstrou-se no presente trabalho o potencial das técnicas de RMN quantitativas, para o controle de qualidade de produtos farmacêuticos e agrícolas, com algumas vantagens sobre os outros métodos analíticos normalmente usados nessas análises.The need for effective and reliable quality control in products and/or raw materials from pharmaceutical and agricultural industries make analyses of their actives compounds and constituents very important to manufacturers and consumers. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is one of the most important tools for qualitative analysis but it is rarely used as quantitative method. Considering these facts, quantitative NMR methods (qNMR) for analysis of pharmaceutical and agricultural products were developed in this thesis. A high resolution 1H qNMR method for paracetamol, in different pharmaceutical formulations, was validated according to RE Resolution Nº 899. An internal standard was used in this method, therefore, the construction of a calibration curve was unnecessary. Other actives constituents present in the formulations could also be quantified and some excipients, identified. According to NBR 14029, high resolution qNMR 1H and 31P methods were developed and validated for glyphosate. In this case, an external standard was used, which enabled sequential quantitative analyses of different nuclei without the need to prepare a new sample. The high-resolution qNMR 1H was also used as an alternative method for fatty acids determination in oils and olive oils, dispensing transesterifications reactions required for GC analysis. Time domain NMR (TD-NMR) was used to develop a method to detect adulteration of olive oil with soybean oil. This method was based on the viscosity difference between olive oil and soybean oil, and has a great advantage, because it can be applied in sealed packages. Finally, different analytical approaches using high resolution NMR 1H were studied to qualitative and quantitative analysis of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn., Asteraceae), a botanical dietary supplement, enabling the simultaneous quantification of seven active constituents, including two pairs of diastereoisomers. Therefore, it was demonstrated in this thesis the potential of qNMR techniques to quality control of pharmaceutical and agricultural products, with some advantages over other analytical methods, normally used in these analyses.
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Bullock, Heather E. "Dirty Talking Cracked Pots: Inferring Function and Use of Decorated Ceramic Bowls at Fourmile Ruin, AZ." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2687.
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In this thesis, I discuss the function and use of decorated ceramic bowls at Fourmile Ruin, a Pueblo IV site located in east-central Arizona. My research focused on three wares dating to the Pueblo IV period of the American Southwest (AD 1275-1450): White Mountain Red Ware, Salado Polychrome, and Jeddito Yellow Ware. These wares represent the most abundant type of decorated ceramic bowls found at Fourmile Ruin. Ceramic wares and types are described, followed by a description of their physical and stylistic characteristics and functions, an analysis of how vessels were used, and, lastly, a discussion of the contexts within which ceramic bowls may have been used. I found that decorated ceramic bowls likely functioned as serving containers, and were used on a day-to-day basis. They also may have had a symbolic function, as evidenced by the use of decoration, color, and texture, and because of their possible uses in various social or religious rituals. Furthermore, the meaning of the vessels and their uses in rituals may have changed over time. From this information, I suggest that White Mountain Red Ware, Salado polychrome, and Jeddito Black-on-yellow bowls served as utilitarian serving containers, and as a means of communicating information about personal and group identity. They were used in contexts in which expressing, teaching and reinforcing important concepts may have been integral.
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Phaniraj, M. P. "Modeling Constitutive Behavior And Hot Rolling Of Steels." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/206.
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Constitutive behavior models for steels are typically semi-empirical, however recently neural network is also being used. Existing neural network models are highly complex with a large network structure i.e. the number of neurons and layers. Furthermore, the network structure is different for different grades of steel. In the present study a simple neural network structure, 3:4:1, is developed which models flow behavior better than other models available in literature. Using this neural network structure constitutive behavior of 8 steels: 4 carbon steels, V and V-Ti microalloyed steels, an austenitic stainless steel and a high speed steel could be modeled with reasonable accuracy.
The stress-strain behavior for the vanadium microalloyed steel was obtained from hot compression tests carried out at 850-1150 ï°C and 0.1-60 s-1. It is found that a better estimate of the constants in the semi-empirical model developed for this steel could be obtained by simultaneous nonlinear regression.
A model that can predict the effect of chemical composition on the constitutive behavior would be industrially useful for e.g., in optimizing rolling schedules for new grades of steel. In the present study, a neural network model, 5:6:1, is developed which predicts the flow behavior for a range of carbon steels. It is found that the effect of manganese is best accounted for by taking Ceq=C+Mn/6 as one of the inputs of the network. Predictions from this model show that the effect of carbon on flow stress is nonlinear.
The hot strip mill at Jindal Vijaynagar Steel Ltd., Toranagallu, Karnataka, India, was simulated for calculating the rolling loads, finish rolling temperature (FRT) and microstructure evolution. DEFORM-2d a commercial finite element package was used to simulate deformation and heat transfer in the rolling mill. The simulation was carried out for 18 strips of 2-4 mm thickness with compositions in the range and 0.025-0.139 %C. The rolling loads and FRT could be calculated within ï±15 % and ï±15 ï°C respectively. Analysis based on the variation in the roll diameter, roll gap and the effect of roll flattening and temperature of the roll showed that an error of ï±6 % is inherent in the prediction of loads. Simulation results indicated that strain induced transformation to ferrite occurred in the finishing mill. The microstructure after rolling was validated against experimental data for ferrite microstructure and mechanical properties.
The mechanical properties of steels with predominantly ferrite microstructures depend on the prior austenite grain size, strain retained before transformation and cooling rate on the run-out table. A parametric study based on experimental data available in literature showed that a variation in cooling rate by a factor of two on the run-out table gives rise to only a ï±20 MPa variation in the mechanical properties.
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Lopez, Nelly, Elin Rickardsson, and Robin Selin. "Behovsanalys i landsbygd : samordning av effektiva och hållbara transporter." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21255.
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Transportsektorn står idag för cirka en tredjedel av Sveriges totala utsläpp av växthusgaser och tillsammans med den Europeiska Unionens (EU) politik finns målsättningen att genom en gemensam lagstiftning minska klimatpåverkan utifrån 2 gradersmålet. Utifrån FN:s ramkonvention, Europeiska unionen och övergripande mål för Sveriges miljöpolitik har Västra Götaland sammanställt energi- och klimatmål som framför att år 2030 ska ett oberoende av fossil energi för den västsvenska ekonomin mynna ut i ett hållbart näringsliv. Orust kommun planerar att förhålla sig till målen genom att öka andelen fossilfria bränslen, öka antalet kollektivresor men även minska totala antalet transporter. I många fall kan dessa mål uppnås genom en effektivisering av befintliga resurser och det är ur detta som examensarbetet får sin aktualitet. Genom att se hur och varför busstrafiken kan samordnas för att likväl transportera paket och mindre gods som individer lyfts fram som målsättning. För att undersöka möjligheten med implementering av busskonsolidering har en omfattande litteraturstudie utförts, som grundas i att se hur olika distributionsstrategier påverkar effektivitetsvariablerna kostnad, tid och fyllnadsgrad. Effektivitetsvariabler beaktas indirekt genom studien men uppfyller en viktig roll, då resultatet baseras på hur väl dessa uppfylls. För att vidare se möjligheten med införandet av busskonsolidering kompletteras studien med kvalitativa intervjuer som syftar till att undersöka intresset med konsolidering hos diverse företag och transportörer i landsbygden. För att ge ytterligare en dimension på konsolidering med busstrafik genomfördes också en enkätundersökning för att studera skolungdomars attityd och beteende till ämnet. Skribenterna har med hjälp av det teoretiska ramverket sammankopplat företagens och aktörernas påvisade positiva inställning till konsolidering med busstrafik, i form utav ett samdistributionsprojekt. Därigenom kan alla deltagande aktörer nyttja bussgods som ett effektivt sätt att frakta frekventa leveranser av inkommande och utgående gods. Utifrån det teoretiska ramverket formades tre olika distributionsstrategier som är möjliga att implementera på landsbygdsskommuner. Mjölkrunda med enterminalsystem presenterades som en möjlig lösning i dagsläget, då den är tidtabellstyrd och kan utföras medan bussar inte används till andra planerade rutter. Studien påvisar dock att ifall resurser kan tillsättas och fler företag visar intresse för busskonsolidering är ett mer lämpat transportupplägg, navdistribution med mjölkrunda. Ett mer skräddarsytt transportupplägg i form av ett hybrid navsystem med mjölkrunda presenteras som det optimala transportsystemet för att optimalt dra nytta av bussarnas utnyttjandegrad. Detta system kräver en en mer komplex informationsdelning mellan olika aktörer och är betydligt mer kostsam, men kan i framtiden bidra till att frakt av paket och mindre gods kan ske på ett hållbart och effektivt sätt.The transport sector currently accounts for about one third of Sweden's total greenhouse gas emissions and together with the European Union's policy, the goal is to reduce the climate impact from a 2-degree target, through a common legislation. Västra Götaland has compiled energy and climate targets, starting in 2030, independence of fossil energy for the western Swedish economy will arise in a sustainable trade and industry. Orust municipality plans to monitor the targets by increasing the proportion of fossil free fuels, increasing the number of public transports, but also reducing the total amount of transport. In many cases, these goals can be achieved through an efficientization of existing resources, and this is what the bachelor thesis gets its actuality. By seeing how and why bus traffic can be coordinated to transport packages and smaller goods with individuals are the objectives of this thesis. In order to investigate the possibility of implementing bus consolidation, extensive literature studies have been carried out, which are based on how different distribution strategies affect the efficiency variables cost, time and load factor. The efficiency variables are considered indirectly through the study but fulfill an important role, as the result is based on how well they are met. In order to further see the possibility of introducing bus consolidation, the study is complemented with qualitative interviews which are aimed at investigating the interest with consolidation at various companies and transporters in the rural area. In order to provide a further dimension of consolidation with bus traffic, a survey was also conducted to study the pupils attitude and behavior towards the subject. Through the theoretical framework, the writers have stated the positive attitude of the companies and operators towards consolidation by bus traffic, in the form of a co-distribution project. By doing this, all participants can make use of bus consolidation as an effective way of shipping frequent deliveries of incoming and outgoing goods. Based on the theoretical framework, three different distribution strategies were formed that are possible to implement in rural areas. Milkrun with oneterminal, was presented as a possible solution in the current situation, since it is timebased and can be performed while buses are not used for other planned routes. However, the study shows that if resources can be added and more companies show interest in bus consolidation, a more suitable transport structure is hub & spoke distribution with milk runs. A more tailor-made transport structure in the form of a hybrid hub & spoke system with milk runs is presented as the most favorable transport system to optimally benefit from the utilization rate of buses. This system requires a more complex information sharing between different actors and is significantly more costly, but in the future it can contribute to the shipment of packages and smaller goods in a sustainable and efficient manner.
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Roth, Debra. "The effect of two modes of aerobic assessment on fifth grade students' self efficacy." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3319.
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Declining youth physical activity levels and lack of aerobic fitness have been well documented with a corresponding rise in obesity levels and health issues. Based on Bandura's social cognitive theory, healthy physical activity levels and aerobic fitness are strongly connected to positive physical activity self-efficacy beliefs. This study examined whether student physical activity self-efficacy, motivation, and effort were different for the FitnessGram-® (FG) 1-Mile Run when compared to the 15-minute Aerobic Assessment Based on Improvement (AABI). A concurrent mixed method quasi-experimental approach measured 5th grade students' physical activity self-efficacy beliefs through a pretest and posttest survey while aerobic assessment scores provided data that measured and compared student performance. Percent improvement and t-test analytic procedures found significant differences between groups and genders. The FG group (n = 131) improved 1.49% while the AABI group (n = 209) improved 22.53%; furthermore, FG girls' percent improvement decreased to -7.56% and the AABI girls' percent improvement was above the average score at 24.21%. Qualitative data collected and coded from teachers' (n = 6) found no noticeable differences in student behaviors or preparation between the FG or AABI groups. A 3-day workshop was created to initiate change in aerobic fitness assessment. Assessing student aerobic fitness based on improvement theoretically builds physical activity self-efficacy beliefs, especially for girls. Positive physical activity self-efficacy beliefs motivate greater student participation and engagement in physical education, which improves aerobic fitness. Social implications from these results indicate that students would increase their physical activity self-efficacy by assessing aerobic fitness based on individual improvement.
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Kutnar, Pavel. "Mapování průběhu výroby v elektrotechnické firmě a její optimalizace." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220024.
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This thesis is an introduction into quality management of electrotechnical production. It consists of a theoretical treatise on FMEA analysis and process mapping. The FMEA analysis was applied to the manufacturing process in an electrotechnical company. Selected critical failures were analyzed and corrective measures were suggested.
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Jesus, Raphael Amancio. "Cromatografia líquida e análises quimiométricas na diferenciação química de acessos de Lippia alba (Mill) N. E. Brown e potenciais biológicos." Pós-Graduação em Química, 2018. http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/7920.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqThe methodology developed in the present work, through chromatographic fingerprint by LC-DAD and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), was adequate for the chemical differentiation of Lippia alba (Mill) NE Brown accessions, considering the extraction method (infusion and maceration hydroalcoholic) and the collection season (summer and winter), allowing to evaluate the influence of these variables on the chemical composition of extracts obtained. In addition, all extracts were submitted to cytotoxic tests against two tumor cell lines, HL-60 (human leukemia) and HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma), and to inhibition tests against the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in order to evaluate the form of extraction and which access is the most promising from a pharmacological point of view. Among the extracts analyzed against tumor cells, eight of them, two from the infusion: 01IW and 02IW and six from the hydroalcoholic extraction: 02HW, 24HW, 39HW, 54HW, 01HS and 24HS, presented better cell inhibition performances against HL-60, with percentage of inhibition between 40.0 and 52.0%, suggesting that these extracts are potentially promising against this lineage. With respect to the anticholinesterase tests, all extracts studied had low AChE inhibitory effect when compared to galantamine (87.4%), highlighting only the samples 01HW (28.4%), 02HW (27.2%), 54HW (29.3%), 01HS (32.7%), 02HS (27.4%) and 24HS (30.3%). Through the analyzes performed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) it was possible to identify the structures of some compounds isolated from this species: flavone tricin and phenylpropanoid verbascoside/isoverbascoside. In addition, the classes of three other metabolites were proposed: two phenylpropanoid derivatives and one flavonoid diglucoside.
A metodologia desenvolvida no presente trabalho, utilizando fingerprint cromatográfico por CL-DAD e Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA), se mostrou adequado para a diferenciação química de acessos de Lippia alba (Mill) N. E. Brown, considerando o método de extração (infusão e maceração hidroalcoólica) e a época de coleta (verão e inverno), permitindo, ainda, avaliar a influência destas variáveis na composição química dos extratos obtidos. Adicionalmente, todos os extratos foram submetidos a testes citotóxicos frente a duas linhagens de células tumorais, HL-60 (leucemia humana) e HepG2 (carcinoma hepatocelular humano), e de inibição enzimática frente a acetilcolinesterase (AChE) com o intuito de avaliar qual a forma de extração e qual acesso é o mais promissor do ponto de vista farmacológico. Entre todos os extratos analisados frente as células tumorais, dois provenientes da infusão: 01II e 02II e seis da extração hidroalcoólica: 02HI, 24HI, 39HI, 54HI, 01HV e 24HV, apresentaram melhores desempenhos de inibição frente a HL-60, com percentual de inibição entre 40,0 e 52,0%, sugerindo que estes extratos são potencialmente promissores contra esta linhagem. Com relação aos testes anticolinesterásicos, todos os extratos estudados apresentaram baixo efeito inibidor da AChE quando comparados a galantamina (87,4%), com destaque para os extratos 01HI (28,4%), 02HI (27,2%), 54HI (29,3%), 01HV (32,7%), 02HV (27,4%) e 24HV (30,3%). Através das análises realizadas por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear (RMN) foi possível identificar as estruturas de alguns dos compostos isolados a partir desta espécie: a flavona tricina e o fenilpropanóide verbascosídeo/isoverbascosídeo. Além disso, foram propostas as classes de outros três metabólitos: dois derivados de fenilpropanóides e um flavonóide diglicosilado.
São Cristóvão, SE
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Mansur, Rubina, and Johnson Carolin Svensson. "Kartläggning av interna mjölkrundor : En analys av kartongflöden hos Volvo Lastvagnar Tuve." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12766.
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Att kartlägga hur ett företags olika processer ser ut är en viktig del ur ett kontinuerligtförbättringsarbete. Uppdraget för denna studie består av att kartlägga dagliga mjölkrundor påen del av fabriken, som därmed skall bidra till att eventuella problem synliggörs. Studienbehandlar logistik och materialhantering med fokus på transport och ergonomiska arbetsplatsersom bör följa riktlinjer för Lean. Att följa de olika ergonomiska riktlinjerna på ett framgångsriktsätt kan skapa goda förutsättningar som därmed kan gynna ekonomin. Utgångspunkten har varitatt med hjälp av intervjuer samt observationer skapa en god förståelse för hur de nuvarandemjölkrundorna ser ut, då det i nuläget inte finns något standardiserat arbetssätt på det studeradeområdet basmodulen.I studien presenteras de faktorer i produktionen som har en påverkan på ergonomin samt defaktorer som bidrar till förbättringsmöjligheter. Resultatet av studien baseras på litteraturstudieroch de tre intervjuer som genomförts med berörda truckförare. En jämförelse gjordes mellanLean och Volvos egna Leanarbete, Volvo Production System där vikten belystes i detstandardiserade arbetssättet och att företaget standardiserar de olika arbetsmomenten för attlättare kunna implementera förbättringsförslagen. Studien avslutas med att utforma förslag påhur mjölkrundorna bör se ut för att möjliggöra besparingar inom effektivitetssynvinkeln samtövriga förbättringsförslag som skall gynna företaget i helhet. Författarnas slutsats avexamensarbetet är att det finns goda möjligheter och förutsättningar för att positivt införastandardiserade körrundor för basmodulen som därmed underlättar implementering avresterande förbättringsförslag.To identify how a company's different processes look is an important part of continuousimprovement work. The assignment for this study consists of mapping the daily in-plant milkrunsin one part of the factory, with the goal to make any problems visible. The study deals withlogistics and materials management with a focus on transport and ergonomic aspects that shouldbe in line with Lean thinking. The starting point in this study has been information frominterviews and observations, to provide a good understanding for the in-plant milk-runs. Thestudy includes a brief literature review, onsite observations as well as three in-depth interviews.A comparison was made between the strategy Lean and Volvo's own interpretation of Lean, theVolvo Production System, where the emphasis was highlighted in the standardized approachand that the company standardizes the different workflows to facilitate implementation of theimprovement proposals. The study concludes by formulating proposals on how milk-runsshould look to enable savings in the efficiency perspective and other improvement proposalsthat will benefit the whole company. The author’s conclusion of the thesis work is that there aregood opportunities to positively introduce standardized milk runs for the studied area calledbasmodulen, which will help the company when implementing the improvements.
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Gonzalez, Patricia. "Redes de sobrevivência nas ruas de Copacabana: uma casa com 74 cômodos e mais de 140 mil vizinhos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/16910.
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From the path of Zenita dos Santos Teixeira, black, born in a tribe of Tapuios Indians of Maranhão, and the stories of other individuals on the streets, ethnography, set in the streets of Copacabana, analyzes the dynamics of survival networks, focusing on how they are made, they reproduce and break. The withdrawal of Zenita the sidewalks of the neighborhood in 2012, and the compulsory reception in Abrigo Cristo Redentor, in Bonsucesso, where she lived the last years of his life under the state supervision, enabled the construction of the hypothesis that the networks on the one hand, guarantee the survival of the population called on the streets; but agents and state agencies, often articulated with other social agents who deal with this population, act in order to remove it from the public space, undoing its temporarily or permanently networks
A partir da trajetória de Zenita dos Santos Teixeira, negra, nascida em uma tribo de índios tapuios, no Maranhão, e das histórias de outros indivíduos em situação de rua, a etnografia, ambientada nas ruas de Copacabana, analisa a dinâmica das redes de sobrevivência, focalizando o modo como são constituídas, se reproduzem e se desfazem. A retirada de Zenita das calçadas do bairro, em 2012, e o acolhimento compulsório no Abrigo Cristo Redentor, em Bonsucesso, onde viveu os últimos anos de sua vida sob a tutela do Estado, possibilitou a construção da hipótese de que as redes, por um lado, garantem a sobrevivência da chamada população em situação de rua; porém, agentes e agências estatais, muitas vezes articulados a outros agentes sociais que lidam com esta população, atuam de forma a retirá-la do espaço público, desfazendo suas redes de forma temporária ou definitiva.
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Månsson, Jon. "När stadens intryck blir överväldigande : En studie om tillgänglighet och interaktion i stadens olika rum för personer med mental trötthet." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för geografi och ekonomisk historia, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-121426.
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Mental fatigue is a complex hidden disability. This study investigates how people with mental fatigue assess the accessibility of various typical city environments. Specifically if they use spatial strategies to redress their disability and how they view interaction with other actors in the same space. The study also aims to offer tools for city planners in order to facilitate an understanding of how infrastructure can promote accessibility in public buildings and spaces. The study at hand is qualitative and was conducted as a virtual city tour which allowed the subjects to share their experience of accessibility. Labov's theory of narrative structure was used to analyse the data. The samples of narrative were collected from people who suffer from mental fatigue after a mild traumatic brain injury. The results show that stimuli intense environments increase the use of spatial strategies and complicate the accessibility as well as the interaction with others. The study finds that people with mental fatigue should fall under the protection of the availability impact act and therefore have a legal right to accessibility promoting actions.
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Ait-Ali, Abderrahman. "Integration of Production Scheduling and Energy Management : Software Development." Thesis, KTH, Optimeringslära och systemteori, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-160136.
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Demand-Side Management concepts have the potential to positively impact the financial as well as the environmental aspects of energy-intensive industries. More specifically, they allow reducing the energy cost for the industrial plants by dealing with energy-availability fluctuations. In this context, efficient frameworks for scheduling with energy awareness have been studied and showed potential to reduce the overall energy bill for energy-intensive industries, for instance stainless steel and paper plants. Those frameworks usually combine scheduling and energy optimization into one monolithic system. This work investigates the possibility of integrating the two systems by specific exchange of signals, while keeping the scheduling model separated from the energy-cost optimization model. Such integration means that the pre-existent schedulers and energy optimizers could be easily modified and reused without re-implementing the whole new system. Two industrial problems with different scheduling approaches are studied. The first problem is about pulp and paper production which uses the Resource Task Network (RTN) scheduling approach. The second one is about stainless steel production which is based on a bi-level heuristic implementation of an improved energy-aware scheduler. This work presents the decomposition methods that are available in literature and their application to the two industrial problems. Besides an improvement in the RTN approach for handling storages, this thesis describes a prototype implementation of the energy-aware RTN scheduler for paper and pulp production. Furthermore, this work investigates the performance of the application of different decomposition methods on different problem instances. The numerical case studies show that even though the decomposition decreases the solution quality compared to the monolithic system, it still gives good solutions within an acceptable duration with the advantage of having two separate pre-existent systems which are simply exchanging signals.
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Surovec, Martin. "Obnova areálu Tasovického mlýna." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-216126.
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Project deals with renewal of the Mill Grounds In Tasovice. Designed strategy is divided into several steps which respond to imperfections of directive approach and doubts about result of conventional renovation. Emphasis is on gradual transformation which is achieved by flexible duation of each phase. Projects is trying to understand and articulate difference between medieval and modern needs.
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Škutová, Pavla. "Aromaticky aktivní látky vybraných druhů bylin." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376780.
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This diploma thesis deals with the identification of aroma active compounds in medicinal herbs. The group consists of 5 types of herbs: lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), pot marigold (Calendula officinalis), clary sage (Salvia sclarea), milk thistle (Silybum marianum), goat’s rue (Galega officinalis). These plants are known for their positive effects in folk medicine. The SPME-GC-MS method was chosen to characterize the fragrances. During the identification of volatile compounds, emphasis was put on suspected fragrance allergens listed in EC Regulation 1223/2009 in Annex III. Overall 106 compounds were identified together with 8 allergens in lemon balm, pot marigold contained 104 compounds with 7 allergens included, 82 compounds including 5 allergens in clary sage, 73 compounds were identified in milk thistle including 6 allergens and 110 compounds with 9 allergens included in goat’s rue.
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Silva, Paula Susana Cardoso Pereira da. "Milk Run : redesenho das linhas de abastecimento." Dissertação, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/60271.
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Silva, Paula Susana Cardoso Pereira da. "Milk Run : redesenho das linhas de abastecimento." Master's thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/60271.
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Liu, li-wei, and 劉力維. "Optimization of Vehicle Routing in the Green Mixed Milk Run Model." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66312389598729518816.
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碩士國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
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In recent years, more and more scholars began to study green logistics. This research hopes to combine the green logistics with milk run model and develops the green mixed milk run model. Comparing to the traditional direct line haul system, milk run model emphasizes the small quantities and high frequencies pickup and delivery. This allows each vehicle can maintain a higher loading rate. Because of the frequent replenishment, the warehouse of depot does not have to keep a high inventory level and it brings the inventory cost reduction. That’s why many of the automobile manufacturers achieve the concept of just in time by using milk run model. However, past studies are unable to show the feature of milk run completely when building this model, such as frequent pickup, it represents that milk run model needs to face the problem of multi-period demand. In general, the satellite plants which supply the assembly parts will be set around the automotive assembly plant. Besides, when the car is assembled, it needs to sell to the customer, so mixed delivery and pickup needs to be considered. According to the reasons mentioned above, this study decided to present the milk run model in the way of combing two concepts, VRPPDMTW and IRP. The model of this study mainly determines the routes and the schedule of pickup/delivery. However, the VRP is the NP-Hard problem, so this study uses genetic algorithm as core solver and this study designs those GA mechanisms to prove this study establishes a model allowing the use of genetic algorithm to solve. Finally, this study refers to the international example to design the data input. From the solution, we can find the mixed milk run model can arrange the pickup and delivery schedule according to the assembly speed rate and generate the multi-period routes planning results. Due to the construction of objective function of this study belongs to multiple cost items. So the trade-off effect of each cost items will manipulate the results. To conclude, this study designs two scenarios to prove that when the weight among cost items changed, the model results will be different.
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Oliveira, José António Barros. "Implementação de Ferramentas Lean, na Otimização do Abastecimento Logístico - Toyota Caetano." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/99654.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra.Numa Era marcada pela globalização e competitividade, à qual se vem associando uma crise económica global, é fundamental minimizar e/ou eliminar as atividades que não acrescentam valor nas empresas. Uma filosofia direcionada para a melhoria contínua e otimização de processos, tornando-os mais eficazes e mais eficientes, é a base para se atingir a excelência empresarial, possibilitando assim contornar a conjuntura atual. O presente documento foi elaborado na Toyota Caetano Portugal – Departamento de Logística e visa otimizar o processo de abastecimento da linha das cabines (mizusumashi) recorrendo à filosofia e ferramentas Lean. Para tal, iniciou-se o projeto com a análise e estudo do abastecimento da linha numa situação designada de “Situação Inicial”, descrevendo-a ao pormenor. De seguida, realizou-se o levantamento de oportunidades de melhoria, sendo posteriormente implementadas (“Situação Otimizada”). A fim de avaliar e determinar os ganhos alcançados entre as duas situações apresentadas, foram quantificados e comparados a duração de cada rota de abastecimento bem como o número de operações necessárias para a execução das mesmas.
In an age defined by globalization and competitiveness associated with the current global economic crisis, it is essential to minimize and/or to eliminate activities that do not add value to the companies. A philosophy directed to continuous improvement and optimization of processes, making them more effective and efficient, is the basis to achieve business excellence, allowing circumvent the current situation. This document was developed in Toyota Caetano Portugal - Department of Logistics and aims to optimize the cabins supply line (mizusumashi) resorting to Lean tools and philosophy. To accomplish this goal, the project began with the analysis and study of the supply line in a situation designated Initial Situation, describing it in detail. Then, the opportunities for improvement were assessed, and subsequently implemented (Situation Optimized). In order to evaluate and quantify the gains achieved between the two situations presented, the duration of each supply route and the number of operations required to implement them were quantified and compared.
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Brandão, Daniel Filipe Oliveira. "Balanceamento e otimização da sequência de saída do armazém dos MILK RUNS." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/24372.
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Este projeto, realizado na empresa Bosch Security Systems, mostra como um sistema logístico tem de estar adaptado à realidade da empresa, isto é, à estratégia de negócio - baixo volume e grande diversidade.
A empresa em questão labora em três turnos e possui quase 50 linhas de produção. O Milk Run é o meio de transporte utilizado para levar todos os materiais do armazém até à zona produtiva, abastecendo supermercados ou diretamente os bordos de linha. Existem cinco Milk Runs que realizam o abastecimento a cada 30 minutos. A saída do armazém é o ponto de partida para todos. É neste ponto que todos se sincronizam, permitindo assim que tenham um horário a cumprir. O cumprimento deste horário é imprescindível para o correto funcionamento logístico, desta forma não existirão tempos de espera ou problemas na circulação dos Milk Runs.
Este projeto foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de melhorar o cálculo de recursos alocados mensalmente ao Milk Run. Para aumentar a produtividade da empresa, surgiu a necessidade de alargar este objetivo, construindo uma interface dinâmica para sequenciar as saídas do armazém e atualizando os tempos associados às tarefas do operador logístico. Para cumprir estes objetivos foram desenvolvidas diversas atividades, no chão de fábrica, como recolha de tempos e sensibilizações com os operadores para estarem todos alinhados com o objetivo do projeto. A nível de investigação, foi feita uma pesquisa na literatura para contextualizar todos os leitores dos termos utilizados ao longo do projeto e dar a conhecer as perspetivas sobre o tema dos vários autores.
No final deste trabalho é possível quantificar todas as melhorias desenvolvidas, através dos vários indicadores. Aqueles que representam um maior contributo para a empresa são a redução de 12% no tempo de espera do Milk Run num ciclo durante um dia, um ajuste de capacidade de 11,1% e uma melhoria de 9,8% na taxa de aderência.This project, carried out at Bosch Security Systems, shows how a logistics system should be adapted to the company's reality, that is, business strategy - low volume and great diversity. The company in question works in three shifts and has almost 50 production lines. The Milk Run is the means of transport used to take all materials from the warehouse to the productive zone, supplying supermarkets or directly the liners. There are five Milk Runs that perform the filling every 30 minutes. The warehouse exit is the starting point for everyone. It is at this point that everyone synchronizes, allowing them to have a schedule to meet. The fulfilment of these hours is essential for the correct logistic functioning, in this way there will be no waiting times or problems in the circulation of Milk Runs. This project was developed with the objective of improving the calculation of resources allocated monthly to Milk Run. To increase the productivity of the company, the need arose to extend this objective, building a dynamic interface to sequence the warehouse outputs and updating the times associated with tasks of the logistic operator. To fulfil these objectives, several activities were developed, on the factory floor, as time collection and sensitization with the operators to be all aligned with the project objective. At the research level, a research was done in the literature to contextualize all the readers of the terms used throughout the project and to present the perspectives on the theme of the various authors. At the end of this work it is possible to quantify all the improvements developed through the various indicators. Those who make the greatest contribution to the company are the 12% reduction in the Milk Run waiting time in a one-day cycle, a capacity adjustment of 11.1% and a 9.8% improvement in the adhesion rate.
Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial
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Goncalves, João Pedro Martins. "Revisão dos fluxos de logística interna numa empresa do setor automóvel." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/92490.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaA crescente exigência do mercado automóvel, leva a que as empresas tenham cada vez mais a necessidade de eliminar desperdícios para tornar os seus processos mais eficientes e dessa forma conseguir fazer mais com menos. Com o objetivo de reduzir desperdícios de stock e movimentação surge a oportunidade deste trabalho com base num problema real, focando-se na redução de stock nas linhas de montagem e na procura de alternativas aos tradicionais meios de movimentação de materiais.Neste trabalho, realizado em parceria com os departamentos de logística e montagem da Iber-Oleff Portugal, foram desenvolvidos métodos de redução de stock na linha de montagem, usando os conceitos presentes nos milk runs internos tais como o Just In Time. Perante a inexistência de documentação relativa à logística interna, surgiu a necessidade da criação de uma base de dados com toda a informação relativa às várias rotas de abastecimento das linhas da Montagem Automotive para que fosse possível perceber o panorama geral do abastecimento e a partir daí perceber as necessidades de melhoria. Durante a recolha de dados, procedeu-se também a um levantamento de problemas durante o processo de abastecimento que culminou com a elaboração de um plano de melhoria contínua. Após uma análise da base de dados, foram encontrados alguns problemas com o dimensionamento do sistema kanban, tendo este sido redimensionado eliminando excesso e evitando quebras de stock. Por fim foi criado um cartão nível com o objetivo de reduzir o stock de material presente nas linhas de montagem.Foram ainda apresentadas sugestões de alternativas aos atuais meios de movimentação e realizados testes com o objetivo de mudar o processo de abastecimento, especializando operadores em tarefas à semelhança do que é feito numa linha de montagem.
The growing demand of the automotive market, leads companies to increasingly need to eliminate waste in order to make their processes more efficient and thus be able to do more with less. In order to reduce waste of stock and handling, the opportunity arises for this work based on a real problem, focusing on stock reduction on assembly lines and looking for alternatives to traditional material handling equipment.In this work, carried out in partnership with the logistics and assembly departments of Iber-Oleff Portugal, were developed methods for reducing stock on the assembly line, using concepts associated with internal milk runs such as Just In Time. Facing a lack of documentation related to internal logistics, the need arose to create a database with all the information related to the various supply routes of the Automotive Assembly lines so that it was possible to understand the general panorama of supply and from there to understand improvement needs. During data collection, problems were also surveyed during the supply process, which culminated in the development of a continuous improvement plan. After an analysis of the database, some problems were found with the sizing of the kanban system, which was resized eliminating excess and avoiding stock breaks. Finally, a level card was created in order to reduce the stock of material present in the assembly lines.Suggestions of alternatives to the current means of movement were also presented and tests were carried out with the aim of changing the supply process, specializing operators in tasks similar to what is done on an assembly line.
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"Caracterização e análise de um sistema de coleta programada de peças, Milk Run, na indústria automobilística nacional." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3135/tde-29102001-122751/.
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