Relevant bibliographies by topics / Milk peptides

Academic literature on the topic 'Milk peptides'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Contents

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Milk peptides.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Milk peptides"

1

Ganzorig, Khuukhenbaatar, Tadasu Urashima, and Kenji Fukuda. "Exploring Potential Bioactive Peptides in Fermented Bactrian Camel’s Milk and Mare’s Milk Made by Mongolian Nomads." Foods 9, no. 12 (December 7, 2020): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9121817.

Full text
Abstract:
To date, bioactive proteins and peptides from minor livestock milks and their fermented products have been scarcely reported. In Mongolia, nomads are commonly rearing five livestock animal species (i.e., cow, camel, goat, horse, and sheep) for milking and other purposes. In this study, we analyzed the peptide composition in fermented milks of Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) and horses, produced by Mongolian nomads for self-consumption. Peptides from skimmed fermented milks were separated by ultrafiltration and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Then, their amino acid sequences were determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Consequently, eleven peptides were identified in the fermented camel’s milk including four from β-casein (β-CN), three from αs1-CN, and two from both κ-CN and lactophorin. On the other hand, twenty-four peptides were identified in the fermented mare’s milk including nineteen from β-CN, three from αs1-CN, and one from both κ-CN and αs2-CN. According to previous reports on the bioactivities of milk-derived peptides, antibacterial and antihypertensive activities were promising in both the fermented camel’s milk and mare’s milk. In addition, potential antioxidant activity was conjectured in the fermented camel’s milk. Further investigations are currently needed to clarify the potential role of immunomodulatory peptides in the two fermented milks.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Beverly, Robert L., Robert K. Huston, Andi M. Markell, Elizabeth A. McCulley, Rachel L. Martin, and David C. Dallas. "Milk Peptides Survive In Vivo Gastrointestinal Digestion and Are Excreted in the Stool of Infants." Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 4 (December 28, 2019): 712–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz326.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background Human milk peptides released by gastrointestinal proteases have been identified with bioactivities that can benefit the infant but must first reach their respective sites of activity. Peptides in the stool either survived to or were released inside the intestinal tract, and thus had the opportunity to exert bioactivity there. However, it is unknown whether any milk peptides, bioactive or not, can survive in the stool of infants. Objective The aim of this study was primarily to identify milk peptides in infant stool samples and secondarily test the hypotheses that the milk peptide profiles of stools are different between preterm infants at different days of life and between preterm and term infants. Methods Infant stool samples were collected from 16 preterm infants (<34 weeks gestational age) at 8 or 9 and 21 or 22 days of life (DOL), and from 10 term infants (>34 weeks gestational age) at 8 or 9 DOL. Milk peptides were isolated from the stool samples and identified using tandem MS. The peptide counts and abundances were compared between infant groups. Results In total, 118 exclusively milk-derived peptides from the caseins and α-lactalbumin were present in the stool samples, including some peptides with known or potential bioactivity. The remaining 8014 identified peptides could be derived either from milk or endogenous proteins. Although many individual milk peptides were significantly different between preterm infants at 8/9 and 21/22 DOL and between preterm and term infants, total peptide abundance and count were similar for all 3 groups. Conclusions This is the first study to confirm the survival of milk peptides in the stool of infants. Some of the peptides had potential bioactivities that could influence infant gut development. These results are important to understand the physiological relevance of human milk peptides to the infant.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Cirrincione, Simona, Anna Luganini, Cristina Lamberti, Marcello Manfredi, Laura Cavallarin, Maria Gabriella Giuffrida, and Enrica Pessione. "Donkey Milk Fermentation by Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris and Lactobacillus rhamnosus Affects the Antiviral and Antibacterial Milk Properties." Molecules 26, no. 16 (August 23, 2021): 5100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26165100.

Full text
Abstract:
Background: Milk is considered an important source of bioactive peptides, which can be produced by endogenous or starter bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria, that are considered effective and safe producers of food-grade bioactive peptides. Among the various types of milk, donkey milk has been gaining more and more attention for its nutraceutical properties. Methods: Lactobacillus rhamnosus 17D10 and Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris 40FEL3 were selected for their ability to produce peptides from donkey milk. The endogenous peptides and those obtained after bacterial fermentation were assayed for their antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. The peptide mixtures were characterized by means of LC-MS/MS and then analyzed in silico using the Milk Bioactive Peptide DataBase. Results: The peptides produced by the two selected bacteria enhanced the antioxidant activity and reduced E. coli growth. Only the peptides produced by L. rhamnosus 17D10 were able to reduce S. aureus growth. All the peptide mixtures were able to inhibit the replication of HSV-1 by more than 50%. Seventeen peptides were found to have 60% sequence similarity with already known bioactive peptides. Conclusions: A lactic acid bacterium fermentation process is able to enhance the value of donkey milk through bioactivities that are important for human health.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Liang, Ningjian, Robert L. Beverly, Brian P. Scottoline, and David C. Dallas. "Peptides Derived from In Vitro and In Vivo Digestion of Human Milk Are Immunomodulatory in THP-1 Human Macrophages." Journal of Nutrition 152, no. 1 (November 9, 2021): 331–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxab350.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Background Milk proteins contain many encrypted bioactive peptides. Whether these bioactive peptides are released in the infant intestine and exert immunomodulatory activity remains unknown. Objective This study examined in vitro immunomodulatory activities of peptides from in vitro– and in vivo–digested human milk. Methods Peptides were extracted from in vitro–digested human milk and pooled intestinal samples from 8 infants fed human milk. Peptides extracted from in vitro–digested samples were fractionated. The in vitro effects of these peptides and fractions on the secretion of TNF-α and IL-8 in LPS-treated human immune THP-1 macrophages were evaluated. The significance of differences between in vitro peptide fraction treatment and control on cytokine production was analyzed by t test. LC-MS/MS–based peptidomics was conducted to identify the peptides. The peptides were screened for potential bioactivity using a sequence homology search using the Milk Bioactive Peptide Database (MBPDB). Results Six fractions of the peptide mixture extracted from the in vitro–digested human milk significantly inhibited TNF-α production by LPS-challenged THP-1 macrophages. Fractions F4, F8, F11, F14, and F17 attenuated IL-8 secretion, and F6/7 and F18 increased IL-8 secretion. Peptides extracted from the pooled in vivo intestinal samples attenuated both TNF-α and IL-8 secretion. There were 266 and 418 peptides identified in the in vitro and in vivo samples, respectively. Among the peptides, 34 and 50 in the in vitro and in vivo samples, respectively, had >80% sequence similarity to bioactive peptides in the MBPDB. Conclusions Peptides released by in vitro and in vivo infant digestion of human milk were immunomodulatory in human immune cells; fractions F4, F8, and F11 were anti-inflammatory; and F6/7 and F18 were proinflammatory. Thirteen peptides were present in all fractions with anti-inflammatory activity, and 38 peptides were present in all fractions with proinflammatory activity. These peptides potentially contributed to the observed immunomodulatory activity of the peptide mixtures.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Gill, Harsharnjit S., F. Doull, K. J. Rutherfurd, and M. L. Cross. "Immunoregulatory peptides in bovine milk." British Journal of Nutrition 84, S1 (November 2000): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114500002336.

Full text
Abstract:
Bovine milk is known to contain a number of peptide fractions that can affect immune function. The vast majority of immunoregulatory peptides that have been characterised are hydrolysate derivatives of major milk proteins. Recent research has also indicated that the metabolic activity of probiotic lactic acid bacteria can generate de novo immunoregulatory peptides from milk, via enzymatic degradation of parent milk protein molecules. In contrast, relatively little is known of endogenous, preformed immunoregulatory peptides in milk that may be relevant to modulating human health. The natural in vivo role of preformed and enzymatically derived peptides is likely to be one of regulation of the neonatal (bovine) gastrointestinal tract immune system, in order to modulate immune function with respect to the development of immunocompetence and avoidance of undesirable immunological responses (e.g. tolerance, and hypersensitivity to nutrients). There is scope for the further characterisation of both the origin and function of milk-derived immunoregulatory peptides, so that their potential to influence human health can be fully appraised. This review highlights our current knowledge of milk-derived immunoregulatory peptides, and outlines areas that are of relevance for further research.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Christensen, Brian, Andrea E. Toth, Simone S. E. Nielsen, Carsten Scavenius, Steen V. Petersen, Jan J. Enghild, Jan T. Rasmussen, Morten S. Nielsen, and Esben S. Sørensen. "Transport of a Peptide from Bovine αs1-Casein across Models of the Intestinal and Blood–Brain Barriers." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103157.

Full text
Abstract:
The effect of food components on brain growth and development has attracted increasing attention. Milk has been shown to contain peptides that deliver important signals to the brains of neonates and infants. In order to reach the brain, milk peptides have to resist proteolytic degradation in the gastrointestinal tract, cross the gastrointestinal barrier and later cross the highly selective blood–brain barrier (BBB). To investigate this, we purified and characterized endogenous peptides from bovine milk and investigated their apical to basal transport by using human intestinal Caco-2 cells and primary porcine brain endothelial cell monolayer models. Among 192 characterized milk peptides, only the αS1-casein peptide 185PIGSENSEKTTMPLW199, and especially fragments of this peptide processed during the transport, could cross both the intestinal barrier and the BBB cell monolayer models. This peptide was also shown to resist simulated gastrointestinal digestion. This study demonstrates that a milk derived peptide can cross the major biological barriers in vitro and potentially reach the brain, where it may deliver physiological signals.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Wölk, Michele, Sanja Milkovska-Stamenova, and Ralf Hoffmann. "Comprehensive Profiling of the Native and Modified Peptidomes of Raw Bovine Milk and Processed Milk Products." Foods 9, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): 1841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9121841.

Full text
Abstract:
Bovine milk contains a variety of endogenous peptides, partially formed by milk proteases that may exert diverse bioactive functions. Milk storage allows further protease activities altering the milk peptidome, while processing, e.g., heat treatment can trigger diverse chemical reactions, such as Maillard reactions and oxidations, leading to different posttranslational modifications (PTMs). The influence of processing on the native and modified peptidome was studied by analyzing peptides extracted from raw milk (RM), ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk, and powdered infant formula (IF) by nano reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled online to electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry. Only unmodified peptides proposed by two independent software tools were considered as identified. Thus, 801 identified peptides mainly originated from αS- and β-caseins, but also from milk fat globular membrane proteins, such as glycosylation-dependent cell adhesion molecule 1. RM and UHT milk showed comparable unmodified peptide profiles, whereas IF differed mainly due to a higher number of β-casein peptides. When 26 non-enzymatic posttranslational modifications (PTMs) were targeted in the milk peptidomes, 175 modified peptides were identified, i.e., mostly lactosylated and a few hexosylated or oxidized peptides. Most modified peptides originated from αS-caseins. The numbers of lactosylated peptides increased with harsher processing.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Beverly, Robert L., Prajna Woonnimani, Brian P. Scottoline, Jiraporn Lueangsakulthai, and David C. Dallas. "Peptides from the Intestinal Tract of Breast Milk-Fed Infants Have Antimicrobial and Bifidogenic Activity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5 (February 27, 2021): 2377. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052377.

Full text
Abstract:
For bioactive milk peptides to be relevant to infant health, they must be released by gastrointestinal proteolysis and resist further proteolysis until they reach their site of activity. The intestinal tract is the likeliest site for most bioactivities, but it is currently unknown whether bioactive milk peptides are present therein. The purpose of the present study was to identify antimicrobial and bifidogenic peptides in the infant intestinal tract. Milk peptides were extracted from infant intestinal samples, and the activities of the bulk peptide extracts were determined by measuring growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bifidobacterium longum spp. infantis after incubation with serial dilutions. The peptide profiles of active and inactive samples were determined by peptidomics analysis and compared to identify candidate peptides for bioactivity testing. We extracted peptides from 29 intestinal samples collected from 16 infants. Five samples had antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and six samples had bifidogenic activity for B. infantis. We narrowed down a list of 6645 milk peptides to 11 candidate peptides for synthesis, of which 6 fully inhibited E. coli and S. aureus growth at concentrations of 2500 and 3000 µg/mL. This study provides evidence for the potential bioactivity of milk peptides in the infant intestinal tract.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Kahala, Minna, Eero Pahkala, and Anne Pihlanto-Leppälä. "Peptides in fermented Finnish milk products." Agricultural and Food Science 2, no. 5 (September 1, 1993): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72663.

Full text
Abstract:
This study was conducted to investigate the rate of proteolysis and peptide profiles of different Finnish fermented milk products. The highest rate of proteolysis was observed in Biokefir, while the greatest change in the rate of proteolysis was observed in Gefilus®. Differences in starters and manufacturing processes reflected on the peptide profiles of the products. Most of the identified peptides originated from either the N- or C-terminal region of β-casein or from the N-terminal region of αs1-casein.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Juillard, Vincent, Alain Guillot, Dominique Le Bars, and Jean-Claude Gripon. "Specificity of Milk Peptide Utilization byLactococcus lactis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.4.1230-1236.1998.

Full text
Abstract:
ABSTRACT To study the substrate specificity of the oligopeptide transport system of Lactococcus lactis for its natural substrates, the growth of L. lactis MG1363 was studied in a chemically defined medium containing milk peptides or a tryptic digest of αs2-casein as the source of amino acids. Peptides were separated into acidic, neutral, and basic pools by solid-phase extraction or by cation-exchange liquid chromatography. Their ability to sustain growth and the time course of their utilization demonstrated the preferential use of hydrophobic basic peptides with molecular masses ranging between 600 and 1,100 Da by L. lactis MG1363 and the inability to use large, acidic peptides. These peptide utilization preferences reflect the substrate specificity of the oligopeptide transport system of the strain, since no significant cell lysis was inferred. Considering the free amino acid content of milk and these findings on peptide utilization, it was demonstrated that the cessation of growth of L. lactis MG1363 in milk was due to deprivation of leucine and methionine.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Milk peptides"

1

Wedholm, Anna. "Variation in milk protein composition and its importance for the quality of cheese milk /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200813.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Ekeke, Nnenna Uloma. "Gastrointestinal hormonal responses to selective milk based diets." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317438.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Sipola, Marika. "Effects of milk products and milk protein-derived peptides on blood pressure and arterial function in rats." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2002. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/biola/vk/sipola/.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Thurgood, Andrew G. P. "NMR studies of the structure and dynamics of proteins and peptides." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253623.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Altmann, Karina [Verfasser]. "Generation, enrichment and characterization of bioactive oligosaccharides and peptides from milk / Karina Altmann." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1103135198/34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Antonsson, Cecilia. "Mjölk, gluten och ADHD : En litteraturundersökning om mjölk och glutens påverkan hos barn med ADHD." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-31551.

Full text
Abstract:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is becoming a more common diagnosis of younger children. In recent years the perception that some ingredients in our food may have a negative effect regarding the symptoms in children with ADHD has grown stronger. Children with ADHD often suffer from irritated bowel syndromes which affect their ability to digest food. This may result in malnutrition as well as a release of substances that are harmful.The purpose of this report is to compile and illustrate the knowledge of how special food, particular milk protein and gluten, may affect the symptoms of children with ADHD. Also, the report aims to evaluate if there should be changes made in Kindergarten to increase the well-being of these children. The report is a summary of research results on the effects milk protein and gluten have on children with ADHD.The majority of children with ADHD demonstrate decreased symptoms if they receive a diet without milk protein and gluten.If children with ADHD would be given a special diet excluding milk protein and gluten it is realistic to assume that their ADHD-symptoms might be reduced with a greater sense of well-being and quality of life as a result.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) är en allt mer vanligt förekommande diagnos hos förskolebarn. Uppfattningen om att en anpassad kosthållning kan lindra symtomen hos barn med ADHD har växt sig starkare de senaste åren. Barn med ADHD lider ofta av en irriterad tarm som har en störd matspjälkningsfunktion, vilket kan leda till att näringsämnen bryts ner ofullständigt och resulterar i näringsbrister och frisättning av ämnen som kan påverka oss negativt.Syftet med rapporten är att sammanställa och belysa kunskapen om hur kosten kan påverka symtomen hos barn med ADHD, med särskild inriktning på påverkan från mjölkprotein och gluten. Samt att belysa vilken nytta skolverksamheten kan ha av dagens forskning inom ämnet.Rapporten är en sammanställning av de forskningsresultat som finns inom ämnet ADHD-anpassad kost där mjölkprotein och gluten utesluts.Majoriteten av barn med ADHD påvisar en minskade symtom om de får en anpassad kost utan mjölkprotein och gluten.Om förskolan skulle erbjuda barn med ADHD en anpassad kost är det realistiskt att anta att deras ADHD-symtom skulle kunna minska med ett ökat välbefinnande som följd.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Stefanutti, Erin. "ANGIOSTATIN LIKE PEPTIDES IN MILK: POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT FOR DAIRY PRODUCTS CAPABLE OF CANCER PREVENTION." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/479.

Full text
Abstract:
For the past 40 years, antiangiogenic approaches have been of major interest in the development of methods to cure and prevent cancer. Angiogenesis, the development of blood vessels from pre-existing vascularization, is essential for cancer growth and spread of metastasis through the delivery of nutrients and oxygen essential to sustain the metabolic activity of these malignant cells. Blocking access to blood will cause cancerous cells to assume a dormant state creating inactive micro-tumors innocuous to the host. Angiostatin, the internal fragment of the fibrinolytic zymogen plasminogen, has shown great potential in reducing cancer size and number of metastatic colonies in animal models. Owing to the success of these preliminary results angiostatin is currently on clinical trials. Plasminogen is known to be transferred from blood to milk during lactation. The objectives of this research were to: 1) investigate the ability of various proteases in cleaving plasminogen, both from human and bovine sources, and consequently release the angiostatin like fragment; 2) determine the anticancer activity of bovine angiostatin; 3) examine ability of the antiangiogenic fragment to survive digestion; 4) purify the fragment of interest through column chromatography. Production of angiostatin was tested through hydrolysis of plasminogen via Bacillus Polymyxa protease (or dispase I), elastase, lactic acid bacteria and Bacilli originated enzymes. Once proteases capable of angiostatin like peptide production were identified, and sequence analysis of the fragments obtained conducted to confirm that bovine angiostatin was indeed produced, ability of angiostatin, both human and bovine, in inhibiting malignant melanoma as well as colon cancer cells was evaluated in vitro. From the results obtained we can confirm that bovine angiostatin inhibitory activity on cancerous cells is similar to that observed for human angiostatin. Analysis of bovine angiostatin survival through in vitro human digestion model was also examined. Results show good possibility of angiostatin surviving digestion, even if confirmation of these results is required through further in vivo studies. Additionally, digestive enzymes such as trypsin and α-chymotrypsin showed ability in cleaving plasminogen directly to release a 25kDa fragment. Knowing that each kringle has some degree of anticancer activity it would be of interest to further study the possibility of angiostatin related fragments to be produced during milk digestion. Finally, affinity chromatography through L-lysine used to purify human angiostatin resulted to be an adequate method for bovine angiostatin purification. Preliminary results obtained from this study open a new area worth investigating to uncover the potential of using bovine angiostatin in the development of novel food products capable of cancer prevention.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Liu, Yufang [Verfasser], and Monika [Gutachter] Pischetsrieder. "Identification and Quantification of Bioactive Peptides in Milk and Kefir / Yufang Liu ; Gutachter: Monika Pischetsrieder." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:29-opus4-86084.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Liu, Yufang Verfasser], and Monika [Gutachter] [Pischetsrieder. "Identification and Quantification of Bioactive Peptides in Milk and Kefir / Yufang Liu ; Gutachter: Monika Pischetsrieder." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2017. http://d-nb.info/1136473270/34.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Billakanti, Jaganmohan. "Extraction of High-Value Minor Proteins from Milk." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3843.

Full text
Abstract:
Various methods for extraction and analysis of high value minor proteins (lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase and immunoglobulins) directly from raw milk were explored. Extraction, purification and analysis of high-value minor proteins directly from milk without pre-treatment are major challenges for dairy industry, largely due to the complexity of milk and the presence of colloidal solids (casein micelles and milk fat globules). To overcome some of these challenges, this work focused on three main objectives: 1) characterization of cryogel monolith chromatography for purification of lactoferrin (LF) and lactoperoxidase (LP) directly from raw milk in single step, 2) identification and characterization of Protein A Mimetic affinity ligands for purification of immunoglobulins (Igs) from milk and 3) development and validation of a surface plasmon resonance method for simultaneous quantification of five whey proteins in multiple samples. Results portrayed the possibility of 40–50 column volumes of various milk samples (whole milk, skim milk and acid whey) to pass through a 5 mL cryogel monolith chromatography column at 525 cm hr⁻¹ without exceeding its pressure limits if the processing temperature is maintained around 35–37°C. Ideally, this should be the milk secretion temperature. The dynamic binding capacity obtained for the cryogel matrix (2.1 mg mL⁻¹) was similar to that of the binding capacity (2.01 mg mL⁻¹) at equilibrium with 0.1 mg mL⁻¹ of lactoferrin in the feed samples. Lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase was selectively bound to the cryogel column with trivial leakage in flowthrough fractions. Lactoferrin was recovered from elution fractions with a yield of 85% and a purity of 90%. These results, together with the ease of manufacture, low cost and versatile surface chemistry of cryogels suggest that they may be a good alternative to packed-bed chromatography for direct capture of proteins from milk, provided that the binding capacity can be increased. A Protein A Mimetic (PAM) hexapeptide (HWRGWV) peptide ligand that binds to the Fc portion of antibody molecules was explored for affinity purification of immunoglobulins from milk. The peptide has the ability to purify IgG from various milk and whey samples with a purity of greater than 85% in single step. More than 90% bound IgG was recovered with 0.2 M acetate buffer at pH 4.0 and total column regeneration was successfully achieved by 2.0 M guanidine-HCl. At 9.0 mg mL⁻¹ of IgG feed concentration, an equilibrium binding capacity of 21.7 mg mL⁻¹ and dynamic binding capacity of approximately 12.0 mg mL⁻¹ of resin was obtained. Recoveries and yields of IgG were significantly influenced by the feed IgG concentration. PAM hexamer ligand also contributed a significant amount of cross-reactivity with casein, glycomacropeptides and β-lactoglobulin proteins, however majority of these proteins were recovered in the regeneration step, except β-lactoglobulin, which co-eluted with IgG. Higher IgG concentration in feed vastly reduced the amount of cross-reactivity whilst increasing the recoveries and purities in the final product. PAM affinity ligands also showed interactions towards other classes of bovine immunoglobulins. These findings established the possibility of using PAM hexamer peptide as an alternative to conventional Protein A/G affinity chromatography for the isolation of Igs from milk in single step process. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method was developed for simultaneous, quantitative determination of commercially important whey proteins in raw and processed milk samples, whey fractions and various milk-derived products, with six samples per assay. Immobilized antibody stability and reproducibility of analyses were studied over time for 25 independent runs (n=300), giving a relative standard deviation (RSD) of <4%. Immobilized antibodies showed negligible non-specific interactions (<2–4 SPR response units (RU)) and no cross-reactivity towards other milk components (<1 RU). Regeneration of immobilised antibodies with glycine at pH 1.75 was determined to be optimal for maintaining the SPR response between samples. This method compared and validated well with reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Milk peptides"

1

Victor, Brantl, Teschemacher Hansjörg, and International Symposium on [Beta]-Casomorphins and Related Peptides (2nd : 1991 : Titisee, Germany), eds. [Beta]-casomorphins and related peptides: Recent developments. Weinheim: VCH, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Haq, Mohammad Raies Ul. β-Casomorphins: A1 Milk, Milk Peptides and Human Health. Springer, 2020.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Haq, Mohammad Raies Ul. β-Casomorphins: A1 Milk, Milk Peptides and Human Health. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Brantl, Victor, and Hansjorg Teschemacher. Beta-Casomorphins and Related Peptides: Recent Developments. VCH Publishing, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Brantl, Victor. Beta-Casomorphins and Related Peptides: Recent Developments. Vch Pub, 1993.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Don't Drink A1 Milk !!: The Type A1/A2 milk issue and the BCM-7 peptide ... the devil in the milk. Brent Bateman, 2011.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Macdougall, Iain C. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in chronic kidney disease. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0124.

Full text
Abstract:
The advent of recombinant human erythropoietin (epoetin) in the late 1980s transformed the management of renal anaemia, liberating many dialysis patients from lifelong regular blood transfusions, in turn causing severe iron overload and human leucocyte antigen sensitization. Epoetin can be administered either intravenously or subcutaneously, but the half-life of the drug is fairly short at around 6–8 hours, necessitating frequent injections. To circumvent this problem, two manipulations to the erythropoietin molecule were engineered. The first of these was to attach an extra two carbohydrate chains to the therapeutic protein hormone (to make darbepoetin alfa), and the second was to attach a large pegylation chain to make continuous erythropoietin receptor activator. Both of these strategies prolonged the circulating half-life of the erythropoietin analogue. The next erythropoietic agent to be produced was peginesatide, a peptide-based agent which had no structural homology with native or recombinant erythropoietin, but shared the same biological and functional characteristics. Future strategies include stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor, by orally active inhibitors of the prolyl hydroxylase enzyme, and advanced clinical trials are underway. In the meantime, several large randomized controlled trials have highlighted the potential harm in targeting a near normal haemoglobin of 13–14 g/dL (with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications), and sub-normal correction of anaemia is now advised. Some patients may show mild or severe resistance to erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) therapy, and common causes include iron insufficiency, infection, and underlying inflammation. Very rarely, patients may produce antibodies against their ESA, which neutralize not only the ESA, but also endogenous erythropoietin, causing pure red cell aplasia.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Book chapters on the topic "Milk peptides"

1

Clemens, Roger A. "Milk A1 and A2 Peptides and Diabetes." In Milk and Milk Products in Human Nutrition, 187–95. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000325584.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Korhonen, Hannu J., and Pertti Marnila. "Milk Bioactive Proteins and Peptides." In Milk and Dairy Products in Human Nutrition, 148–71. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118534168.ch8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Minj, Jagrani, Subrota Hati, Brij Pal Singh, and Shilpa Vij. "Biofunctional Yogurt and its Bioactive Peptides." In Engineering Practices for Milk Products, 135–75. Series statement: Innovations in agricultural and biological engineering: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429264559-7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Fitzgerald, R. J., and H. Meisel. "Milk Protein Hydrolysates and Bioactive Peptides." In Advanced Dairy Chemistry—1 Proteins, 675–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8602-3_20.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Nongonierma, A. B., M. B. O’Keeffe, and R. J. FitzGerald. "Milk Protein Hydrolysates and Bioactive Peptides." In Advanced Dairy Chemistry, 417–82. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2800-2_15.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Meisel, Hans. "Determination of Bioactive Peptides in Milk." In Safeguarding Food Quality, 97–110. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78025-7_9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Patil, Prasad, Surajit Mandal, Sudhir Kumar Tomar, and Rupesh Chavan. "Milk-Derived Bioactive Peptides: Health Benefits." In Dairy Engineering, 209–28. 1st ed. | Waretown, NJ : Apple Academic Press, 2017.: Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315366210-13.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Aydin, Suleyman. "Gestational Diabetes and Peptides in Breast Milk." In Nutrition and Diet in Maternal Diabetes, 367–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56440-1_29.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

McCarthy, R., S. Mills, R. P. Ross, G. F. Fitzgerald, and C. Stanton. "Bioactive Peptides from Casein and Whey Proteins." In Milk and Dairy Products as Functional Foods, 23–54. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118635056.ch2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Kleekayai, Thanyaporn, Maria Cermeño, and Richard J. FitzGerald. "The Production of Bioactive Peptides from Milk Proteins." In Agents of Change, 447–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55482-8_18.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Milk peptides"

1

Dallas, David. "Digestive Survival of Milk Proteins and Release of Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Milk Peptides." In Virtual 2021 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am21.435.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

DOSENKO, Victor. "WILL THERE BE HAPPINESS FROM MORPHINE-LIKE PEPTIDES OF MILK?" In Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2021.20.

Full text
Abstract:
The two types of milk are analysed: A2 milk, which is initial, natural and is considered to have no negative impact on human organism, and A1 milk that is a result of mutation and contains β-casein out of which a very active morphine receptor agonist derives. It is analysed how morphine peptides affect the “triangle of happiness” – brain areas responsible for experiencing happiness that are integrated in a Reward System. It is explicated that for experiencing happiness a human being needs social, psychological and other cultural factors that cannot be replaced by a mere consumption of morphinelike peptides with food and nutrients. Keywords: β-casein, β-casomorphine, morphine-like peptides, brain, happiness, Reward System, Anti-Reward System.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Peng, Xiuming, Mei Yang, Junrui Wu, Junyi Wang, Biao Liu, and Xiqing Yue. "Study on the natural bioactive peptides derived from milk." In 3rd International Conference on Material, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (IC3ME 2015). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ic3me-15.2015.23.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Baba, Waqas, and Sajid Maqsood. "Novel antihypertensive and anticholesterolemic peptides from peptic hydrolysates of camel whey proteins." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/qecs2081.

Full text
Abstract:
Hypercholesterolemia and hypertension are major growing concerns that are managed by drugs that inhibit various metabolic enzymes. Milk hydrolysates have been reported to contain various bioactive peptides (BAP) that can inhibit various metabolic enzymes for enhancing human health. As such camel whey proteins were subjected to peptic hydrolysis using a full factorial model (33) with hydrolysis time, temperature, and enzyme concentration as factors. The resulting hydrolysates were analyzed for anti-hypercholesterolemic and hypertensive properties by studying the in vitro inhibition of various enzymatic markers. The hydrolysates with lowest IC50 values were further subjected to LC-MS-QTOF that revealed presence of 185 peptides. Selected peptides that had Peptide Ranker Score greater than 0.8 were further studied for prediction of possible interactions with enzyme markers: pancreatic lipase (PL) cholesterol esterase (CE) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) using in silico analysis. The data generated suggested that most of the peptides could bind active site of PL while as only three peptides could bind active site of CE. Based on higher number of reactive residues in the bioactive peptides (BAP) and greater number of substrate binding sites, FCCLGPVPP was identified as potential CE inhibitory peptide while PAGNFLPPVAAAPVM, MLPLMLPFTMGY, and LRFPL were identified as PL inhibitors. While peptides PAGNFLP, FCCLGPVPP, PAGNFLMNGLMHR, PAVACCLPPLPCHM were identified as potential ACE inhibitors. Molecular docking of selected peptides showed hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions between peptides and target enzymes. Moreover, due to the importance of renin in managing hypertension, peptides from hydrolysates with high ACE inhibiting potential were predicted for potential to interact with renin using in silico analysis. Molecular docking was subsequently employed to identify how the identified peptides, PVAAAPVM and LRPFL, could interact with renin and potentially inhibit it. Thus, non-bovine (camel) whey hydrolysates might be used as functional ingredients for production of functional foods with antihypertensive and anticholesterolemic properties.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Fatchiyah, Fatchiyah, and Shella Clarista Natasia. "Inhibition potency of HMGR enzyme against hypercholesterolemia by bioactive peptides of CSN1S2 protein from caprine milk." In THE 8TH ANNUAL BASIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE: Coverage of Basic Sciences toward the World’s Sustainability Challanges. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5062812.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Umam, Ahmad Khoirul, Lilik Eka Radiati, Kevin Hutomo Putra Suwondo, and Siti Nur Kholidah. "Study of Antioxidant Activity, Peptides, and Chemical Quality of Goat Milk Kefir on the Different Post-Acidification Periods During Cold Storage." In 9th International Seminar on Tropical Animal Production (ISTAP 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220207.037.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Hamin-Neto, Y. A. A., and H. Cabral. "Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Whey Milk, Casein and Egg Albumin by Microbial Enzymes and a Commercial Enzyme." In The 24th American Peptide Symposium. Prompt Scientific Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17952/24aps.2015.054.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Novogrodskii, A. S., I. A. Khadyko, O. Iu Khoroshev, and K. Iu Terentev. "Primary analysis of peptide profiles of whey protein hydrolysates cow milk." In ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУКИ И ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/lj-12-2018-183.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Kusumaningtyas, Eni, Raphaella Widiastuti, H. D. Kusumaningrum, and M. T. Suhartono. "Sequence Analysis and Modeling of Antimicrobial Peptide from Goat Milk Protein Hydrolyzed by Bromelain." In Proceedings of International Seminar on Livestock Production and Veterinary Technology. Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/proc.intsem.lpvt-2016-p.327-335.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Sidik, Romziah, and Aulanni'am Aulanni'am. "Effects Of Goat Milk Peptide On Immuno Histo Chemistry Profile Of Lung Cancer Rattus Norvegicus." In 1st International Conference in One Health (ICOH 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icoh-17.2018.6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Milk peptides"

1

Aly, Radi, James H. Westwood, and Carole L. Cramer. Novel Approach to Parasitic Weed Control Based on Inducible Expression of Cecropin in Transgenic Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586467.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Our overall goal was to engineer crop plants with enhanced resistance to Orobanche (broomrape) based on the inducible expression of sarcotoxin-like peptide (SLP). A secondary objective was to localize small proteins such as SLP in the host-parasite union in order to begin characterizing the mechanism of SLP toxicity to Orobanche. We have successfully accomplished both of these objectives and have demonstrated that transgenic tobacco plants expressing SLP under control of the HMG2 promoter show enhanced resistance to O. aegyptiaca and O. ramosa . Furthermore, we have shown that proteins much larger than the SLP move into Orobanche tubercles from the host root via either symplastic or apoplastic routes. This project was initiated with the finding that enhanced resistance to Orobanche could be conferred on tobacco, potato, and tomato by expression of SLP (Sarcotoxin IA is a 40-residue peptide produced as an antibiotic by the flesh fly, Sarcophaga peregrina ) under the control of a low-level, root-specific promoter. To improve the level of resistance, we linked the SLP gene to the promoter from HMG2, which is strongly inducible by Orobanche as it parasitizes the host. The resulting transgenic plants express SLP and show increased resistance to Orobanche. Resistance in this case is manifested by increased growth and yield of the host in the presence of the parasite as compared to non-transgenic plants, and decreased parasite growth. The mechanism of resistance appears to operate post-attachment as the parasite tubercles attached to the transgenic root plants turned necrotic and failed to develop normally. Studies examining the movement of GFP (approximately 6X the size of SLP) produced in tobacco roots showed accumulation of green fluorescence in tubercles growing on transformed plants but not in those growing on wild-type plants. This accumulation occurs regardless of whether the GFP is targeted to the cytoplasm (translocated symplastically) or the apoplastic space (translocated in xylem). Plants expressing SLP appear normal as compared to non-transgenic plants in the absence of Orobanche, so there is no obvious unintended impact on the host plant from SLP expression. This project required the creation of several gene constructs and generation of many transformed plant lines in order to address the research questions. The specific objectives of the project were to: 1. Make gene constructs fusing Orobanche-inducible promoter sequences to either the sarcotoxin-like peptide (SLP) gene or the GFP reporter gene. 2. Create transgenic plants containing gene constructs. 3. Characterize patterns of transgene expression and host-to-parasite movement of gene products in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.). 4. Characterize response of transgenic potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) and tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill .) to Orobanche in lab, greenhouse, and field. Objectives 1 and 2 were largely accomplished during the first year during Dr. Aly's sabbatical visit to Virginia Tech. Transforming and analyzing plants with all the constructs has taken longer than expected, so efforts have concentrated on the most important constructs. Work on objective 4 has been delayed pending the final results of analysis on tobacco and Arabidopsis transgenic plants. The implications of this work are profound, because the Orobanche spp. is an extremely destructive weed that is not controlled effectively by traditional cultural or herbicidal weed control strategies. This is the first example of engineering resistance to parasitic weeds and represents a unique mode of action for selective control of these weeds. This research highlights the possibility of using this technique for resistance to other parasitic species and demonstrates the feasibility of developing other novel strategies for engineering resistance to parasitic weeds.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Halker Singh, Rashmi B., Juliana H. VanderPluym, Allison S. Morrow, Meritxell Urtecho, Tarek Nayfeh, Victor D. Torres Roldan, Magdoleen H. Farah, et al. Acute Treatments for Episodic Migraine. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer239.

Full text
Abstract:
Objectives. To evaluate the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies for the acute treatment of episodic migraine in adults. Data sources. MEDLINE®, Embase®, Cochrane Central Registrar of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PsycINFO®, Scopus, and various grey literature sources from database inception to July 24, 2020. Comparative effectiveness evidence about triptans and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was extracted from existing systematic reviews. Review methods. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and comparative observational studies that enrolled adults who received an intervention to acutely treat episodic migraine. Pairs of independent reviewers selected and appraised studies. Results. Data on triptans were derived from 186 RCTs summarized in nine systematic reviews (101,276 patients; most studied was sumatriptan, followed by zolmitriptan, eletriptan, naratriptan, almotriptan, rizatriptan, and frovatriptan). Compared with placebo, triptans resolved pain at 2 hours and 1 day, and increased the risk of mild and transient adverse events (high strength of the body of evidence [SOE]). Data on NSAIDs were derived from five systematic reviews (13,214 patients; most studied was ibuprofen, followed by diclofenac and ketorolac). Compared with placebo, NSAIDs probably resolved pain at 2 hours and 1 day, and increased the risk of mild and transient adverse events (moderate SOE). For other interventions, we included 135 RCTs and 6 comparative observational studies (37,653 patients). Compared with placebo, antiemetics (low SOE), dihydroergotamine (moderate to high SOE), ergotamine plus caffeine (moderate SOE), and acetaminophen (moderate SOE) reduced acute pain. Opioids were evaluated in 15 studies (2,208 patients).Butorphanol, meperidine, morphine, hydromorphone, and tramadol in combination with acetaminophen may reduce pain at 2 hours and 1 day, compared with placebo (low SOE). Some opioids may be less effective than some antiemetics or dexamethasone (low SOE). No studies evaluated instruments for predicting risk of opioid misuse, opioid use disorder, or overdose, or evaluated risk mitigation strategies to be used when prescribing opioids for the acute treatment of episodic migraine. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists improved headache relief at 2 hours and increased the likelihood of being headache-free at 2 hours, at 1 day, and at 1 week (low to high SOE). Lasmiditan (the first approved 5-HT1F receptor agonist) restored function at 2 hours and resolved pain at 2 hours, 1 day, and 1 week (moderate to high SOE). Sparse and low SOE suggested possible effectiveness of dexamethasone, dipyrone, magnesium sulfate, and octreotide. Compared with placebo, several nonpharmacologic treatments may improve various measures of pain, including remote electrical neuromodulation (moderate SOE), magnetic stimulation (low SOE), acupuncture (low SOE), chamomile oil (low SOE), external trigeminal nerve stimulation (low SOE), and eye movement desensitization re-processing (low SOE). However, these interventions, including the noninvasive neuromodulation devices, have been evaluated only by single or very few trials. Conclusions. A number of acute treatments for episodic migraine exist with varying degrees of evidence for effectiveness and harms. Use of triptans, NSAIDs, antiemetics, dihydroergotamine, CGRP antagonists, and lasmiditan is associated with improved pain and function. The evidence base for many other interventions for acute treatment, including opioids, remains limited.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Whitham, Steven A., Amit Gal-On, and Victor Gaba. Post-transcriptional Regulation of Host Genes Involved with Symptom Expression in Potyviral Infections. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593391.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Understanding how RNA viruses cause disease symptoms in their hosts is expected to provide information that can be exploited to enhance modern agriculture. The helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) protein of potyviruses has been implicated in symptom development. Previously, we demonstrated that symptom expression is associated with binding of duplex small-interfering-RNA (duplex-siRNA) to a highly conserved FRNK amino acid motif in the HC-Pro of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). This binding activity also alters host microRNA (miRNA) profiles. In Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), which infects the model plant Arabidopsis, mutation of the FRNK motif to FINK was lethal providing further indication of the importance of this motif to HC-Pro function. In this continuation project, our goal was to further investigate how ZYMV and TuMV cause the mis-expression of genes in cucurbits and Arabidopsis, respectively, and to correlate altered gene expression with disease symptoms. Objective 1 was to examine the roles of aromatic and positively charged residues F164RNH and K215RLF adjacent to FR180NK in small RNA binding. Objective 2 was to determine the target genes of the miRNAs which change during HC-Pro expression in infected tissues and transgenic cucumber. Objective 3 was to characterize RNA silencing mechanisms underlying differential expression of host genes. Objective 4 was to analyze the function of miRNA target genes and differentially expressed genes in potyvirus-infected tissues. We found that the charged K/R amino acid residues in the FKNH and KRLF motifs are essential for virus viability. Replacement of K to I in FKNH disrupted duplex-siRNA binding and virus infectivity, while in KRLF mutants duplex-siRNA binding was maintained and virus infectivity was limited: symptomless following a recovery phenomenon. These findings expanded the duplex-siRNA binding activity of HC-Pro to include the adjacent FRNK and FRNH sites. ZYMV causes many squash miRNAs to hyper-accumulate such as miR166, miR390, mir168, and many others. Screening of mir target genes showed that only INCURVATA-4 and PHAVOLUTA were significantly upregulated following ZYMVFRNK infection. Supporting this finding, we found similar developmental symptoms in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing P1-HC-Pro of a range of potyviruses to those observed in miR166 mutants. We characterized increased transcription of AGO1 in response to infection with both ZYMV strains. Differences in viral siRNA profiles and accumulation between mild and severe virus infections were characterized by Illumina sequencing, probably due to the differences in HC-Pro binding activity. We determined that the TuMV FINK mutant could accumulate and cause symptoms in dcl2 dcl4 or dcl2 dcl3 dcl4 mutants similar to TuMV FRNK in wild type Arabidopsis plants. These dcl mutant plants are defective in antiviral defenses, and the results show that factors other than HC-ProFRNK motif can induce symptoms in virus-infected plants. As a result of this work, we have a better understanding of the FRNK and FKNH amino acid motifs of HC-Pro and their contributions to the duplex-siRNA binding functions. We have identified plant genes that potentially contribute to infectivity and symptoms of virus infected plants when they are mis-expressed during potyviral infections. The results establish that there are multiple underlying molecular mechanisms that lead viral pathogenicity, some dependent on HC-Pro. The potential benefits include the development of novel strategies for controlling diseases caused by viruses, methods to ensure stable expression of transgenes in genetically improved crops, and improved potyvirus vectors for expression of proteins or peptides in plants.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Milk peptides' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography