Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Miljökris'
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Malmros, Johannes, and Mattias Svensson. "Miljökrav : En studie om miljökrav vid upphandling av busstrafik." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34121.
Full textMagnusson, Nicklas, and Andreas Boström. "Miljökrav mobila kommunikationssystem." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-21642.
Full textSund, Sandberg Anneli. "Hopp i relation till hoten mot biosfären." Thesis, Enskilda Högskolan Stockholm, Avdelningen för religionsvetenskap och teologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ths:diva-1367.
Full textHolmberg, Fredrik. "Avgasrening för framtida miljökrav." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-40259.
Full textAbstractEnvironmental focus is a top priority in today’s society. This has led to tightened legislation in environmental laws, affecting heavy duty truck developers. Scania is one of the heavy duty truck developers that have to follow these laws and directives. To manage this, after treatment systems have become included into silencer designs. Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is a method to reduce nitrous oxides in the exhaust gases. In SCR setups a urea solution is injected into the exhaust flow. The vaporization of urea releases ammonia which reduces the nitrous oxides.To establish the vaporization properties of urea, a study to determine the effect of heated surfaces in the vaporization module was conducted.During this master thesis work an electrically heated vaporization unit was designed for Scania’s vaporization module to increase the knowledge about urea vaporization techniques. The prototype was tested in an engine test cell. A higher surface temperature in the vaporization area reduced the vaporization performance up to a certain point. No gain or loss was seen in the vaporization performance when raising the temperature further.The findings in this thesis work has lead to a more thorough understanding of the physics and threshold effects involved in the design of a urea vaporization system integrated in a silencer design. The main conclusion of this thesis work is that further studies need to be performed in order to enhance urea vaporization knowledge.
Max, Blomberg. "Miljökrav i upphandling av kollektivtrafik med buss." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-74599.
Full textEnvironmental requirements in procurement of public transports regarding coaches is nowadays a natural part of public procurement. These requirements can be considered in different ways but is mainly found in the procurement document through requirements for technical specifications or for fulfilment of contract, but can also be used as an award criterion when awarding contracts. The demands follow from the paradigm shift that has been placed since the EU in the early 2000’s decided that environmental development was going to be considered as one of the most important objectives of the entire union. Environmental action programs such asEurope 2020have had a significant impact on procurement legislation. The LOU Directive and the Clean Vehicles Directive are now forcing the public transport authorities to impose ever higher demands for environmental effects. A prerequisite for setting high standards is that they can be controlled, clearly framed, compatible with the general principles and complies with the EU competition rules. The aim of the environmental requirements is to combine the highest effect of environmental measures at the lowest cost to the public. In order to achieve a successful and environmentally adapted procurement a thorough planning and analysis of the activities is required. The requirements must be designed in an objective way that allows control for the authority. Despite this, there is no obligation for the authority to declare that the requirements have led to any actual results regarding the environment. This sends out a bad signal and risks depleting the potential that the public sector has to drive towards reducing emissions and strengthen environmental innovation. The incentives of setting environmental requirements might therefore disappear if it does not matter whether it leads to positive environmental effects or not. In the essay it has been found that the applicable law provides a wide range of opportunities to set environmental requirements in procurement concerning public transportation by coach. Nevertheless, concerns have been expressed about how the purpose of the legislation does not live up to its effectiveness and that measures taken to reduce emissions of environmentally hazardous substances have not proved to be enough sufficient. In the essay there is a propose to abolish the so-called should rule on a national level because it does not fulfil any real function but rather limits the opportunities for public transport authorities in Sweden to set up high standards for environmental requirements. Today, the majority all requirements are compulsory, which the regional public transport agreements demonstrate. Proposals to impose solely mandatory environmental requirements have previously been expressed by the legislators as undesirable. Such positions come from former circumstances and conditions originating from practice that was developed at the beginning of this Century. Therefore, the legislation should be reformed and modernized so that it follows from the adopted environmental goals that the EU has jointly established with its member states. The public transport authorities are already obliged to consider life cycle cost either as a technical specification or as an awarded criterion. Consequently, it should not be impossible to impose mandatory environmental requirements at all levels nationally, or at least in the magnitude that can be justified through the legislation.
Sandström, Pia. "Hållbar upphandling : Hur organisationer inom järnvägssektorn tolkar miljökrav." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32647.
Full textThe goal for a long-term ecologically sustainable Sweden cannot be reached without a sustainable politics of transport and infrastructure. The railway is generally seen as a more environmentally friendly transport which leads to the importance of an increased use of it. On the other hand, that gives rise to the necessity of rail operation and maintenance, building railways and of considering the railways environmental impact. Environmental considerations in public procurement, a sustainable procurement, for these activities are a way of getting to a sustainable development. The purpose of environmental requirements in public procurement is to reduce the railway sectors environmental- and climate impact, and to further encourage the work for environmental improvements. Environmentally friendly activities performed by organizations are important because market driven efforts are seen as complementary to laws and requirements. The formulation of the environmental requirements is made through legislation and other aspects depending on the public authority and project. This paper aims to examine the interpretations of the environmental requirements made by both public- and private organizations within building, operation and maintenance of the railway. This is done by the means of qualitative interviews and document analysis, with the use of a thematic analysis and the perspectives of structure, processes and culture taken from the organization theory. The results show that the interpretations of the environmental requirement were all tinged by the same factors, but with different focus. These include the clarity of the requirement, environmental politics, communication, changing- and learning processes and the will to work for environmental improvements.
Leander, Kjell. "Sothönans ( Fulica atra ) miljökrav vid häckning i utbredningsområdets randzon." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Biologi, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-2497.
Full textJangholm, Melin Lucas, and Adam Pedersen. "Likabehandlingens samspel med miljökrav och korruption i offentlig upphandling." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-76388.
Full textKarlsson, Philip, Anna Jarenfors, and Albin Persson. "Ett ramverk för miljökrav och dess uppföljning av transportleverantörer." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54622.
Full textVanky, Kristin. "Miljökrav på solceller : En utredning om koldioxidutsläpp från kristallina kiselsolceller." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351235.
Full textFlorén, Kajsa. "Miljökrav inom leverantörskedjan : En studie med utgångspunkt i värmeljuskoppar på Liljeholmens Stearinfabriks AB." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45848.
Full textForsgren, Emma, and Sofia Pethman. "Att ställa miljökrav inom upphandling, en utmaning? : En fallstudie av fem svenska kommuner." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för byggnadsteknik, energisystem och miljövetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32845.
Full textIn Sweden, the public sector procures products and services for approximately SEK 680 billion each year. In 2016, this generated emissions of 12.3 million tons of CO2 eq. In year 2018 Sweden's total amount of emissions was 51.8 million tons of CO2 eq. Public procurement should contribute to sustainable development by analyzing the purchasing process on several levels. The responsible authority for public procurement is Upphandlingsmyndigheten, which has both tools and methods for influencing the procurement process to have less environmental impact. Since knowledge in this area is very limited, the purpose of this study was to shed light on the challenges of setting environmental requirements in municipal procurement. The study was conducted as a case study with several case participants. The data collection required to answer the research question was conducted through interviews with the participating municipalities. The interviews conducted were of a semi-structured nature and varied in approach. Participating municipalities in this study all claimed that the challenges to different extent were about the lack of knowledge, commitment, and resources and that all of these could vary depending on the municipalities. All participating municipalities claimed that environmental requirements should be set at an early stage and that follow-up is a very important part of the process of environmental requirements. The participants claimed that the size of the municipality may have a bearing on its ability to set environmental requirements, partly because of the availability of resources. In current legislation, most municipalities claimed that this did not affect their ability to set environmental requirements. The overall changes that the municipalities claimed would make the process of environmental requirements easier to use in the procurement process would be to add a supporting function which would vary depending on the municipalities needs. In summary, this study showed that all participating municipalities deal with different challenges in the process of using environmental requirements in procurement and that change is required to perform better from an environmental perspective. This is partly due to the overall need for an environmentally aware support function that can carry out the environmental requirement process in the long term without eroding the core purpose of the organization.
Hammar, Torun, and Katarina Ångman. "Bättre miljöstandarder genom offentlig upphandling : En undersökning av Uppsala kommuns möjligheter att minska miljöpåverkan från transportsektorn." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-161847.
Full textAbrahamsson, Adam, and Bourgh Simon de. "Hållbarhetscertifieringssystem i anläggningsbranschen : En studie om upphandlingskrav kopplat till hållbarhetscertifieringar i offentliga upphandlingar." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-32392.
Full textSustainability rating schemes has come to be used extensively since it´s arrival to Sweden during the 21th century. Today, the number of sustainability certifications increases for projects in the construction industry while only a few projects has been certified in the civil engineering industry. The reasons of the interesting development has been studied by investigating how the construction industry clients in the public sector should be able to claim use of sustainability rating schemes without infracting the Swedish public procurement act. The study has been conducted by literature- and interview research. Interviews were conducted with various stakeholders in the industry. The purpose was to obtain an unambiguous opinion of how clients should require use of sustainability rating schemes in public procurements. The study also discussed how stakeholders monitor and evaluate their work. The literature research analyzes previous work in the topic and evaluates procurements which contains requirements of sustainability rating schemes. The overall conclusions from this study is: • The industry demands a standardized framework about how to phrase requirements. Public clients should procure likewise, regardless of their location in Sweden. • More pilot projects must be implemented to find out how to achieve maximum benefit with sustainability rating schemes. • The industry wants more clear and measurable requirements. • Not to be contrary to the Swedish public procurement act, clients can phrase functional requirements based on the manual of the sustainability rating scheme they wish to use. • The clients should not worry about appeals, since appealed procurements because of sustainability requirements is rare. It is important to have clearly phrased requirements where the choice of sustainability rating scheme, specified criteria and level is clarified. • By the new EU-directives comes an update of the Swedish procurement act, which will enforce in 2016 with the intention of making it easier to set requirements for sustainability rating schemes.
Tarnawski, Mikaela. "Energikrav i upphandling av bygg- och anläggningsprojekt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202873.
Full textEriksson, Claes, and Linus Lindström. "Miljövänligare dieselmotorer : En studie om vilka tekniska lösningar dieselmotorutvecklande företag använder för att bemöta existerande och framtida miljökrav." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-58980.
Full textThe elementary acknowledgement that the present report is based upon is the fact that the environmental awareness in the world has risen which forces many companies to adapt their production to the current demands. One of the most affected industries is that of vehicles where the engine manufacturers ought to reduce the emission levels of produced engines to a fraction of the previous ones. The purpose of this report is thus to examine what technical solutions these companies utilize to produce more environmentally friendly engines, and investigate which methods that seem interesting for future development. The report also includes an analysis of whether hauliers/buss-companies/individuals which employ these companies’ diesel engines are willing to pay extra for an environmentally friendly engine. The method to convey sufficient material to write this report includes an extensive studie of published literature of existing techniques, interviews with representatives from different companies and experts, and a written enquiry handed out randomly to 62 hauliers and 88 individuals. Interviews were held with Volvo, Scania, Drivetrain Sweden AB, Alfdex(a co-operation between Alfa Laval and Haldex), Haldex Concentric, Clean Oil Technology, and Andreas Cronhjort (senior assistant master in internal combustion engine technique at Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden). The essential and remarkable result which previously described method enhanced was that the current research that companies invest in has mainly focused on maintaining the laws on reduction of nitrogen-oxides and particulate matter but now has shifted focus to reduction of carbon-dioxide emissions. The main reason for why companies predicts that new laws won’t deal with further reduction of NOx and PM emissions buth rather that of CO2 is because the previous are incused with extremely high demands and further reductions wouldn’t be fortunate to the world-economy. Thus, the focus has shifted radically and the companies must adapt their production. Therefore, in the future, they are planning for new methods than those previously used. These new methods that are researched about are declared for in the result- and analysis section of this report. The technical solutions that, in the future, will be useful to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide are to increase the efficiency in the engine. This can be done through increasing the pressure in the engine, decrease the friction, choose better materials and fuel, absorb the energy in the exhaust-heat, and apply hybridization. Many niche-companies have been created due to the stated purpose (to reduce carbon dioxide emissions) and thus the study comprises interviews with such companies. The analysis in this report demonstrates that the propensity to pay extra for an environmentally friendly engine is fairly small. Furthermore it is noted that hauliers and bus companies seem to be more benevolent to pay for the environment and prioritises it higher than individuals. Probably this is because companies believe they can make money on calling themself environmentally friendly. In addition, the previous trend towards CO2 emissions satisfied customer needs since, according to the enquiry, they prioritize fuel economy high.
Larsson, Malin. "Utbud och efterfrågan av miljöhänsyn inom möbelindustrin : Samspelet mellan kund och leverantör." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19342.
Full textEftersom dagens kunder blir allt mer miljömedvetna har det blivit vanligare att företag visar miljöhänsyn inom någon del av sin verksamhet. Denna studie undersöker företag i deras roll som leverantörer och även deras kunder i form av andra företag, offentlig förvaltning och organisationer. Studien beskriver hur miljöhänsyn påverkar inköpssituationen mellan ett företag och en annan verksamhet, samt vilka miljökrav som kunderna ställer. Fokus för studien är möbelindustrin. Tre företag som säljer kontorsinredning har valts ut att representera leverantörerna.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka eventuella skillnader mellan de miljökrav som kunderna ställer och de miljöhänsyn som ett företag erbjuder. Frågeställningar som tas upp i uppsatsen är: Vilka miljöhänsyn erbjuder företagen? Vilka krav ställer kunderna? Finns det en skillnad mellan det som erbjuds och det som eftersöks? Finns det en skillnad mellan olika kundgrupper?
Studien utfördes genom en elektronisk enkätundersökning hos både kunder och leverantörer. En enkät valdes eftersom den tillät ett större urval svaranden än vad andra metoder skulle ha gjort.
Resultatet visar att flertalet kunder har krav på miljöhänsyn samt att alla leverantörer har ett miljöarbete och erbjuder någon form av miljöhänsyn. De generella krav som kunderna ställde överensstämde med dem som erbjöds av leverantörerna. Det fanns dock miljöhänsyn som kunderna ville ha men som inte erbjöds och även företag som erbjöd miljöhänsyn som inte krävdes. Det fanns även en skillnad mellan kundgrupperna både avseende vilka miljökrav som ställdes och i vilken omfattning de ställdes.
För att gå djupare in på de faktorer inom leverantörernas organisationer som orsakar skillnaden mellan kunder och leverantörer behövs vidare forskning. Det behövs även kvalitativa studier som fokuserar på skälen till att miljökrav ställs respektive inte ställs samt vad som står bakom utbudet av miljöhänsyn.
Corporations today frequently show environmental considerations in their activities. This thesis describes a study of corporations in their role as suppliers and also their customers consisting of other corporations, public administration and non-governmental organisations. The interest of the study lies in how environmental issues surface in the procurement situation between a corporation and other organisations, both from the view of how corporations show their environmental considerations but also by the kind of environmental demands customers pose. The focus of the study is the furniture industry. Three corporations selling office equipment were chosen to represent the suppliers.
The aim of the thesis is to examine potential differences between the environmental demands of the customers and the environmental considerations stemming from the corporations. The research questions are: which environmental considerations are offered? Which kinds of environmental demands are posed? Is there a difference between what's offered and what's demanded? Is there a difference between customer groups?
The study was performed through an electronic questionnaire survey for both customers and suppliers. A questionnaire was chosen as it allowed a bigger sample of respondents than other methods.
The result shows that among both the customers and the suppliers, those that have environmental management dominate the sample and the same ones tend to show or demand environmental considerations. The general demands that customers posed aligned with the considerations the suppliers offered, but there were issues about which the customers were concerned that the suppliers didn't address. There were also differences between the various customer groups, not only concerning what kind of environmental demands they had but also to what extent environmental demands were posed at all.
Future research would be useful to further develop the knowledge of the factors within the suppliers' organisations that create differences between customers and suppliers. A qualitative approach that investigates the reasons behind the environmental demands and considerations is recommended.
Sadiq, Mohamad. "Undersökning och framtagning av ett moduluppbyggt datainsamlingssystem." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15563.
Full textThis report is about a thesis that is performed in and for SYSteam Engineering AB in Motala. The thesis work is divided into three parts, study of the market, programming and electronics. The study part consists of examining and comparing different data acquisition systems for testing of different circuit boards, taking into account the modularity, real-time applications, mobility, environmental, interface hardware and software, to be able to define a general module-based data acquisition system in both hardware and software that enables for future developments.
The programming part consists of getting started with Visual Studio, which integrates the Measurement Studio for C#. NET. Measurement Studio includes classes and user controls for testing and measuring and offers tools for acquisition, analysis and presentation of real world data. The programming has been the biggest part of the project, the orienting of test specification and to learn how to program and control the hardware according to the test conditions took the most of time.
Electronics is the part that took the least time, which consists of orienting the test specification, connecting cables to the I/O modules and supplements the system with any components which is necessary to execute the various test cases.
The result was a system consisting of a chassis with a number of modules that National Instruments offers and a test program consisting of three class levels that can be reused in different projects and for different test items.
Ahlström, Annika, Marianna Moreira, and Sabrina Fernandes. "Rederiers hantering av nya miljökrav : En studie om Birka Cruises, Tallink Silja och Viking Lines arbete med ekonomisk och miljömässig hållbar utveckling." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, miljö och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-24445.
Full textJonsson, Antonia. "Gröna verktyg - skapar de ett mervärde vid miljöprofilering?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45370.
Full textIt is becoming more common that companies require that their suppliers work with evironmental issues. There are a number of tools that businesses can use to market themselves as environmentally friendly - for example life cycle assessment, corporate social responsibility and certified management systems. The company Formteknik Verktyg Unnaryd AB manufactures molds and have begun to integrate ecodesign in their product development. They also work with environmental and quality management systems. To find out if Formteknik receive more well-disposed customers through their work with ecodesign, some of them have been interviewed and some of them answered a questionnaire. Which green tool their customers prefer have also been investigated. The results show that most customers were quite unanimous about which factors that were most important when purchasing a mold. Of the green tools were ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 most appreciated, while the price and quality of the product were seen as the most important factors to take into account. Ecodesign can also create added value for Formteknik by increasing product performance.
Zetterlund, Åsa. "Skadliga leksaker i förskolan? : En studie om miljömedvetenhet bland förskolans personal i en kommun i norra Sverige." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad utbildningsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-143387.
Full textChildren in early childhood education are daily exposed to chemicals and this has not been mentioned or highlighted in the extent that it is made today. This study examines the awareness surrounding environmental requirements, regarding toys and materials within early childhood education. Against this background, the aim of this study is to investigate the awareness there is about environmental requirements within two of the preschool's activity levels - preschool director and preschool teacher in a part of northern Sweden. To highlight this awareness, the study has focused on the qualitative interview as a method.The results show among other things, on how the awareness is among the respondents, what they believe is a large part of the problem is and how they wish to work with environmental requirements within the preschool.
Zhang, Shi Fu, and Gürcan Demirtas. "Miljökravens påverkan inom projektering samt vägproduktion." Thesis, KTH, Byggvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-173644.
Full textThe increased environmental issue which appears more and more in recent times has a major impact on how we build our roads today. Today’s environment demands a controlling part of the working process as well as methods within the elections in the road production. Justifiably demands can achieve a minimized impact on the environment which leads to sustainable development. The national environmental targets are an important guideline to achieve the desired environmental efficiency within road production that all authorities follow. This thesis explores the foundations of environmental requirements from the Swedish Transport Administration and how this results in entrepreneurs’ approach and its own environmental ambitions.
Markusson, Tobias. "Fallet, korset och Gaia. : En studie i kristen miljöetik." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-94516.
Full textThis study descirbes, discusses & compares the different arguments that the two theocentric philosophers Michael Northcott and James Gustafson have about the environmental issue. The study looks at their thoughts about the origin of the environmental crisis, humans position in creation, the value of nature and the consequences their environmental ethics have for solving the environmental crisis. FInaly the study examines their critique on society and their solutions for development of society without causing further harm to nature.
Breding, Sara, and Edona Dinaku. "Miljöklassning av en idrottshall i Hjorthagen : En granskning av miljökraven för Miljöbyggnad, BBR 22 och Passivhus." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-213456.
Full textConstruction companies aim to reduce the energy use of buildings and to minimize the environmental impact throughout the entire construction process. Constructors often require the project to meet certain environmental requirements and to certify the building. When a construction project aims to achieve several classifications the projection of the requirements often takes more time. This study aims to identify the environmental requirements that apply to the project Hjorthagshallen and to analyze if it is possible to achieve these requirements. Hjorthagshallen will be a sports center in Norra Djurgårdsstaden. The building will: • Be certified according to Miljöbyggnad GULD • Achieve the requirements for BBR 22 • Achieve the requirements for Passivhus. The environmental requirements for Hjorthagshallen have been collected through a literature study and presented in an overview table. The environmental requirements have been analyzed with calculation tools, simulation programs, a reference project and project documents. The indicators considered to be the most difficult to estimate in advance in this study are the energy use, air leakage and the thermal climate. The conclusion is that the environmental requirements for Hjorthagshallen are likely to be met. Many requirements and indicators can be ensured during the projection while some indicators are more difficult to ensure before the building is completed. Keywords:
Duvarci, Dilek. ""Vi blir starkare tillsammans" - Vilka hinder och möjligheter möter upphandlarna när de ska upphandla hållbart?" Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23362.
Full textWhat does purchasers think about their new mission to use sustainable demands in public procurements? Even though the law allows environmental and social demands in procurement, the process is very complex. It depends on the co-operation between several different actors within and between organizations. It also depends upon a changed view on the relationship between public procurement and sustainable development. The purchasers must feel responsible for sustainability issues within their expertise. Earlier studies show that all organizations meet different hinders when they change their mission. Focus in this study is on Malmoe and Upphandlingsenheten where the municipality-purchasers work. The empirical data was collected with qualitative methods by semi-structured interviews with five employees. Results show that there are several challenges to implement “green procurement”. First of all the individual goals that the co-workers have must match with the organizational goals. This study shows good examples of how the purchasers have met some of those challenges. The employees also have ideas of how other challenges may be possible to overcome. One possibility could be to co-operate with other municipalities around sustainability to create mutual demands. This could create a greater pressure on suppliers.
Dahlén, Anna, and Angelica Öhman. "OPTIMERING AV LEVERANSER OCH LAGERHÅLLNING FÖR SKANSKA : En komparativ studie av lagerhållning och JIT-leveranser samt en utredning av optimal materialplacering på lager." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-159805.
Full textFor every new construction project, a new organisation is created. It is therefore a challenge for the construction industry to create standardized logistic processes. In addition, different construction projects have different traits, which results in further challenges for improvement efforts for the construction logistic processes. In 2017 Skanska Väg och Anläggning Norr did the reconstruction of Vasaplan in the central of Umeå, and in September 2018 the reconstruction project was done. The reconstruction was in its entirety a very successful project, however when the project was finished problems regarding material supply were identified. The aim of this paper is to analyze how deliveries to a construction site can be optimized and whether storage spaces can aid in the handling of deliveries to the construction site. A comparison has been made between storing material and using JIT-deliveries. The hope is to help Skanska in developing a more standardized approach when it comes to planning the deliveries of materials that has similar storage and transport conditions as the slabs of granite used. To solve this two mathematical models have been used; Facility location problem and a mathematical model that optimizes the placement of materials in a storage space. Two production flow models, JIT and EOQ, were also used when performing the calculations. The result from the production flow models, JIT and EOQ, show that JIT deliveries are always the most cost effective solution when storage space is a direct cost for Skanska, when used together with a logistics center. However, when storing is no extra expense for Skanska, the mathematical model for the Facility location problem suggests a optimal use of the storage spaces that are available.