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1
Zakharov, Anton. "Campaign Medals of Indonesia." ISTORIYA 12, no. 12-2 (110) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840009506-5.
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The orders, decorations and medals of Indonesia are bit a mystery for scholars and even collectors. Indonesia proclaimed its Independence on August 17, 1945. Since that date, the Indonesian government has elaborated a full-fledged awards system. The last important amendments took place in 2009 when the Law No. 20 “About the titles, medals and decorations” was signed by the then President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2009 tentang Gelar, Tanda Jasa, dan Tanda Kehormatan). Currently there are fourteen orders (bintang) and over thirty medals (satyalancana) in the Indonesian awards system. Several orders and medals became obsolete. In total, there are about fifty governmental medals in the history of Indonesia since Independence. But if one adds classes of several service medals, the count ever increases. My paper examines the campaign medals of the Republic of Indonesia. Those are The Seven Paths or Faithful Warrior Medal (Satyalancana Saptamarga), The First and Second Independence Wars Medals (Satyalancana-Satyalancana Peristiwa/ Satyalancana Perang Kemerdekaan kesatu dan kedua), The Campaign Medals I—VII (Satyalancana-Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi MiliterI—VII), The Pioneer of the Independence Movement Medal (Satyalancana Perintis Pergerakan Kemerdekaan), The Faithful Service or Satya Dharma Medal (Satyalancana Satya Dharma), The Courage or Wira Dharma Medal (Satyalancana Wira Dharma), The Defender Medal or Medal for Combatting Communism (Satyalancana Penegak), The Eighth Campaign Medal “The Defender of the Law” (Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi MiliterVIII “ Dharma Phala”), The Ninth Campaign Medal “The Giant of Duties” (Satyalancana Gerakan Operasi MiliterIX “Raksaka Dharma”), and The Lotus or Timor Military Campaign Medal (Satyalancana Seroja). There are two basic types of Indonesian campaign medals. The first type has the round form with a wavy edge. The second type is the pentagonal star with concave sides and with balls on the vertexes of all the angles. The latter type reflects the State ideology of the Five Principles (Pancasila) proclaimed by Sukarno in 1945. The first type of campaign medals seemingly reflects the connections between fire, virility, masculinity and military actions in the traditional Javanese culture; at least, the traditional Javanese dagger Kris often has a wavy blade.
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Weisman, Dennis L. "A Note on the Law and Economics of Stolen Valor." American Economist 63, no. 1 (October 12, 2017): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0569434517736287.
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The issue of stolen valor concerns the act of trading on false claims of being awarded valorous military service medals. The Supreme Court overturned the 2005 Stolen Valor Act, largely on First Amendment grounds, ruling that even false speech deserves some protection. Misrepresentation that devalues the reputation of medals for valor may not violate the revised statute despite reducing the expected wage premium associated with being awarded the medal for valor and discouraging investment in military effort. Hence, the law and economics of stolen valor are in some conflict. JEL Classifications: D82, H1, K23
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Smołucha-Sładkowska, Agnieszka. "Pairing Antagonists: Pisanello’s Medals of Niccolò Piccinino and Francesco Sforza." Notae Numismaticae - TOM XV, no. 15 (May 17, 2021): 275–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.52800/ajst.1.a.14.
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Among the early medals made by Pisanello (Antonio Pisano, c. 1395–c. 1455), considered as the “inventor of the modern medal”, there are two of mercenary captains, Niccolò Piccinino and Francesco Sforza (the future duke of Milan). At the alleged moment of the medals’ execution both condottieri were in the service of Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan, who appears to have been the most probable commissioner. The pairing of these two captains was not coincidental – they were successors to the leaders of the two greatest Italian military companies, the bracceschi (led by Braccio da Montone) and the sforzeschi (of Muzio Attendolo Sforza), whose juxtaposition soon became a topos among contemporary chroniclers and biographers. The article outlines the political background of the commission and discusses the content and iconography of the two medals.
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Zakharov, A. O. "THE MEDALS OF INDONESIA FOR WEST IRIAN CAMPAIGNS." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 1 (11) (2020): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-1-170-177.
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Indonesian struggle for West Irian was an essential aspect of Indonesian politics since early fifties. Indonesian Government managed to annex West Irian in the sixties due to a substantial material, technical and diplomatic support by the Soviet Union. The USSR stopped its support in 1965, when Indonesian Army under command of General Suharto undertook a terrific massacre of Indonesian communists, backed by the USA. The first President of Indonesia Sukarno was removed from his post. Suharto turned President and proclaimed the New Order (Orde Baru), manifesting itself in the Army rule over the nation. Despite strong positions of Suharto and his associates, there were many different factions in the Army, while Suharto managed to dismiss all disloyal generals. He also instituted new military orders to praise his loyal servants — The Navy Star (Bintang Jalasena), the Army Meritorious Service Star (Bintang Kartika Eka Pakçi), and Air Force Star (Bintang Swa Bhuwana Paksa) — in 1968. A year later, the West Irian open vote confirmed its joining with Indonesia, supported by the Indonesian military surveyors and army presence. Till the end of the sixties, there were constant tensions in West Timor. Indonesian Government instituted two campaign medals for operations in this area — the Satya Dharma Medal and the Raksaka Dharma / GOM IX Medal. The paper examines these two decorations and their context.
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Zakharov, A. O. "THE MILITARY AWARD OF INDONESIA BINTANG SAKTI — THE SACRED STAR." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 3 (13) (2020): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-3-217-228.
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Military awards and decorations glorify winners, immortalize victories and reflect world outlooks of their times. These functions place them among the most attractive, informative and curious cultural things in human history. The highest military awards, like the Soviet Order of Victory, symbolize the scale of battles, whereas campaign medals reflect the course of warfare. Military decorations usually imply mortal threats or even acts of heroism of their owners, not being awarded for labour or other civilian activities. Military orders and medals are in great demand among the collectors, being better known for public than other orders and medals. For example, the Japanese military Order of the Golden Kite seems to be the most famous decoration of Japan even now, seventy years after its abolition. The first order of Indonesia is the Bintang Gerilya — The Guerilla Star, instituted in 1949. Its form looks like an imitation of the Ottoman Gallipoli Star. The Bintang Gerilya reflects the modus operandi adopted by Indonesia during its wars for Independence against the Dutch. During the late fifties, the Indonesian Army took control over the nationalized factories and other businesses previously belonging to the Dutch. The Indonesian Army also turned more professional due to actions of several top grass commanders, like Nasution and Gatot Soebroto. The Army and Indonesian Government managed to put down some important separatist movements across the Malay (Indonesian) Archipelago. Obvious military success needed to be praised. In 1958 the highest military award of Indonesia — the Bintang Sakti, or Sacred Star — was instituted. The statute and history of the Bintang Sakti are the subjects of this paper.
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Cynarski, Wojciech J. "Horseback riding in the history of Poland – selected moments and reflections." Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe 4, no. 2 (2021): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/sit.2021.04.08.
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Background. The cavalry was the primary armed force of Poles and their legendary ancestors from ancient times, especially in historical formations. It also functions as an element of national history in culture in its various areas. Problem. How this fragment of the old Polish military culture manifests itself in high and mass culture, in the world of film, in the city space, in pictures and numismatic values, and how is it displayed in the field of martial arts cultivated today? Method. The answers will be formulated based on an analysis of 30 selected works of art, value or cultural artefacts and illustrated with examples. Examples include films of Polish cinematography (Teutonic Knights, The Deluge, Hubal and others), a series of commemorative medals and paintings by outstanding Polish painters that inspired the authors of these medals. Therefore, both great paintings by outstanding artists (Jan Matejko, Wojciech Kossak etc.), monuments and films, and small graphic forms (coins, medals). Results and conclusions. This Polish tradition of military culture manifests itself even today in high culture (painting, literature) and mass culture (films, songs), in urban space (monuments), and the artistic qualities of medals. It is also cultivated in the Polish martial art practised today – in teaching one of the schools. It is about horse fencing in Signum Polonicum.
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Sinegubov, Stanislav N., Yaroslav R. Galyautdinov, and Natalya S. Zavorokhina. "Medals and decorations of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905: traditions and innovations." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 29, no. 2 (October 12, 2023): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2023-29-2-29-35.
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The military awards system of the Russian state, in particular, its medal and decorations component, has a profound and curious history. A special role in it is played by the events of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. Despite the existing rather serious historiography of the issue, the authors, for various reasons, did not focus on ‟traditions and innovations” in the award practice connected with military operations. Briefly reviewing the main medals and decorations issued by the state and public structures of Russia in the country and abroad and the reasons for introducing them, the authors identified the “classic” and “unusual” moments in the promotional field. It can be attributed as quite a usual practice that the attention of the authorities to the heroic events was demonstrated in two ways – directly, immediately after the fact, literally a few months after the incident, and on some ‟anniversary occasions”. In any case, there was a desire “to capture” heroism in premium metal, even despite the outwardly losing situation on the battlefield. The ranking of decorations by degrees was reflected in the value of the material used, and the relatively large coverage of the awarded was customary as well. As for innovations, there were a lot of medals made by Russian public organisations abroad, particularly in France. This has never been done before. It testified to the resonance and significance of the reflected historical fact not only for Russia, but also for other countries.
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Semenov, Sergey. "Between the Rear and the Front. Smolensk Railway Workers, Home Front Workers of the Great Patriotic War." Izvestia of Smolensk State University, no. 4 (56) (January 26, 2022): 216–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2021-56-4-216-231.
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he present article is devoted to Smolensk railwaymen’s career ladder in the 1941–1945s, their involvement in the evacuation, partisian struggle, fighting and restoration of the national economy. In addition, we consider the practice of award-
ing railway workers with medals «For Valorous Labor in the Great Patriotic War, 1941–1945».
The author of the article has set a goal to reconstruct the history of Smolensk railwaymen’s participation in the war on the basis of regional documents and to analyse their recognition as home front workers. The source database includes documents of the State Archive of Smolensk Oblast (funds of the Smolensk Regional Executive Committee and the Western Railway); documents of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense and the State Archive of the Russian Federation, that are published in the electronic database «Feat of the People»; materials of the history of railways in the Smolensk region during the war. The author has studied a large array of documents on awarding medals; service documents; correspondence on awarding issues.
The article analyzes the railway workers’ military and labor path during the war, as well as awarding them with medals.
The study demonstrates the role of Smolensk railway workers in achieving Victory and restoring the national economy. Moreover, the author has studied the circle of railway workers who were recognized as home front workers after the war
and were awarded with medals. The author believes that railway workers are the most prominent category of home front workers in the Smolensk region. They largely contributed to the success
of military operations and the restoration of the national economy in the region. It is concluded that the majority of railway workers who worked in the frontline areas were awarded with two main war medals, which is a unique case for a specific Soviet industry.
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Łopatecki, Karol. "A medal minted by the Dutch West India Company in 1637 in honour of Krzysztof Arciszewski as a cartographic source." Polish Cartographical Review 50, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pcr-2018-0010.
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Abstract The author discusses a phenomenon of putting the works of military cartography on medals cast in the 17th century. The analysis focused on a medal presented to Krzysztof Arciszewski (1592-1656) by the Dutch West India Company in 1637. The obverse of this medal features two cartographic images depicting the siege of the Arraial Velho do Bom Jesus fortress (1635) and the battle between Camarigibi and Porto Calvo (1636). They were patterned after two manuscript maps. The maps were made by Arciszewski and attached to a memorandum written and sent to the management of the West India Company on 13 June 1633. They were engraved and published in print only around 1644. The plan of the battle that took place on 18 January 1636 indicates that the engraver (author unknown) used not only the manuscript version but also the medal. The example of the medal minted in 1637 confirms the credibility of cartographic representations featured on numismatic items. It should, naturally, be borne in mind that such representations must have been simplified due to the very nature of the means. Nevertheless, should there be no proper manuscript pattern, such objects may be used successfully as valuable cartographic sources.
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Chik, Nicholas. "Disparities in the Medal of Honor Why African American Soldiers Awards were Delayed, and Japanese American Awards were Immediate." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 633–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/3/2022636.
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The 442nd Infantry Regiment Combat Team, composed mostly of Japanese American soldiers, is the most decorated division in U.S. military history. As a minority combat team motivated by accusations of disloyalty following Pearl Harbor, they sought to demonstrate their patriotism through excellence in battle. President Harry Truman formally recognized the valuable contribution of the 442nd Infantry Team to the Allied victory and assigned a medal of honor to one of the Japanese American soldiers, Private First-Class Sadao S. Munemori, immediately after the war. African American soldiers similarly demonstrated great loyalty and skill in the 332nd Fighter Group, called the Tuskegee Airmen, and the 761st Tank Battalion, also known as the Black Panthers. However, although both units fought with distinction, the granting of medals of honor for African American World War II service was delayed until 1997. Based on memoirs, interviews, and an Army Report Investigation conducted by the Department of Defense, this paper analyzes the reasons for the decades-long discrepancy in the timeline for the acquisition of medals of honor between Japanese American and African American soldiers. The differing experiences and interpretations of discrimination and segregation, both during and after the war, account for the immense positive attention paid to Japanese American efforts compared to the total lack of national honor assigned to African American soldiers. Through their service, Japanese Americans resoundingly exposed the errors of the federal governments decision to intern families of Japanese descent and helped promote a narrative of wrongdoing that the federal government has since acknowledged. In contrast, African American victories, no less impressive than those of Japanese American and white soldiers, were overshadowed by the racial discourse of Jim Crow-era politics. Specifically, African American soldiers continued to face systemic discrimination at home and in the armed forces despite their military accomplishments. It delayed the formal acknowledgement of the significance of African American service.
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Zakharov, Anton. "Sanskrit Legacy, The National Armed Forces, and Modern Political Culture of Indonesia." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 2 (2023): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080024351-3.
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Despite seventy years of studying, the functioning of Sanskrit and Old Javanese loanwords in modern Indonesian remain understudied. There are a lot of Sanskrit loans in various spheres of modern Indonesian. Many Indonesian military units have Sanskrit names. There are famous Sanskrit loans for Indonesian official ideology Pancasila and for the Indonesian national emblem Garuda Pancasila. Many Indonesian orders, decorations and medals also have Sanskrit names, for example, the military orders Bintang Sakti, or the Sacred Star, and Bintang Dharma, or the Army Distinguished Service Star, instituted in 1958. The word for medal in Indonesian is satyalancana which is a Sanskrit loan compound. Military regional commands may have names of ancient polities or kings which are of Sanskrit origin. Perhaps, the most noteworthy examples are Military Regional Command II Sriwijaya in South Sumatra and Military Regional Command VI Mulawarman in Kalimantan/Borneo. Sriwijaya was a powerful Old Malay kingdom in the seventh–thirteenth centuries; its name means ‘Great or Glorious Victory’ in Sanskrit. Mulawarman was a ruler of an East Kalimantan kingdom in the area of modern Kutai in the fifth century. The paper examines the usage of Sanskrit loans in the National Armed Forces of Indonesia and in the Indonesian award system. Multiple examples of Sanskrit loans in these fields may reflect an emphasis of ancient common cultural heritage in a multi-ethnic and multi-religious society. At the same time, there is a flexible naming practice which is not restricted by Sanskrit loans. These words are used frequently but not exclusively.
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Pearn, John. "Militares Medici in Nummis Repraesentati: The Heritage of Military Medicine in Coins and Medals." Military Medicine 167, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/167.1.1.
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Vişan-Miu, Tudor. "Romanian dynastic honours in today’s Republic: a historical perspective." Romanian Journal of Modern History 13, no. 1-2 (December 30, 2022): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26424/rjmh.2022.13.1-2:27.
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On 10 May 2008, King Michael, the former sovereign of Romania, created two dynastic medals and awarded them to a group of loyalists during a public ceremony. Since then, the Romanian Royal Family’s decorations (consisting today of four medals and two dynastic orders) were bestowed upon a total close to 500 individuals and 100 organisations. National and foreign dignitaries, active military officers and public institutions accepted royal honours while the state proved perfectly tolerant and the national press entertained the idea of “royal decorations” being equally valuable, from a symbolic standpoint, as those conferred by the state. In our study we will examine Romania’s contemporary royal honours, providing a comparative perspective with other royal “fontes honorum” in Europe’s former monarchies.
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Giurgiu, Luminita. "General Constantin Hârjeu – A Close Collaborator of Alexandru Marghiloman." Dialogica. Revistă de studii culturale și literatură, S(1) (November 2023): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/dia.s.2023.1.09.
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General Constantin Hârjeu, a distinguished personality of the military elite, was appointed minister of war in the governments of Titu Maiorescu and Alexandru Marghiloman. As Minister of War, he was involved in the reorganization and modernization of the army, initiated legislative measures, and his entire military career was rewarded with high orders and medals. General Constantin Hârjeu also stood out through his work as a military theorist; compiled the first monograph of the Romanian Army, together with General Constantin Brătianu and Lieutenant-Colonel G. Aronovici, published in French. He was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy on May 27, 1909. He participated at a major event from our history – the union of Basarabia with the Kingdom of Romania, as a first step in the realization of the dream of a Great Romania.
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Bezmenko, Aleksandr A., Evgeny F. Kira, Vitaly F. Bezhenar, Victor G. Abashin, Sergey V. Beskrovny, Dmitry I. Gaivoronskikh, Igor’ S. Zakharov, and Olga A. Shkarupa. "To the 100th anniversary of professor Viktor Pavlovich Baskakov." Russian Military Medical Academy Reports 43, no. 1 (April 22, 2024): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rmmar623867.
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The article describes the main milestones in the labor, scientific and pedagogical activities of Professor Viktor Pavlovich Baskakov, born on November 28, 1923. After graduating from the Military Medical Academy and defending his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences in 1950, he was hired as a teacher in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, in 1958 he was appointed to the position of associate professor, in 1970 he received the title of professor, after which in 1974 he became head of department, where he worked until 1984. Viktor P. Baskakov was the first in the country to begin studying endometrioid disease. Three of his monographs are devoted to this complex pathology: “Endometriosis” (1966), “Clinic and treatment of endometriosis” (1979, 1990) and “Endometrioid disease” (2002). In 1968, based on the published monograph “Endometriosis” by V.P. Baskakov was awarded the academic degree of Doctor of Medical Sciences without defending a dissertation. For many years, Viktor Pavlovich was a member of the presidium of the Leningrad Obstetrics and Gynecology Society, a member of dissertation councils, and the editorial board of the Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. He was awarded the Order of the Red Star and medals, including the medal “For Military Merit” and the medal “For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945.” Professor Viktor Pavlovich Baskakov remained in the memory of his contemporaries as a talented scientist, teacher, and surgeon. It was difficult to find a person more concerned about the problems of others. Students remember him with a smile and great warmth.
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Basargina, Ekaterina Yu, and Olga A. Kirikova. "Commemorative Medal for the Centenary of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1826." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2018): 1244–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2018-4-1244-1253.
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The article studies the commemorative medal for the centenary of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences as a part of the Academy’s jubilee. Preserving memory of significant events is one of key aspects of culture. Jubilees and jubilee-related artifacts, i.e. commemorative medals, have their place among so called commemorative practices. Scientific community uses such practices make appeals to the authorities, to enhance its prestige, and to consolidate itself. The 1826 commemorative medal appeared to be a part of the jubilee events. The large-scale celebrations seemed to be a landmark in the history of the Academy of Sciences. Its President, Sergey Uvarov, used the opportunity to appeal to the Emperor and to show the Academy in all its glory. Medallionist Fyodor Tolstoy created for the occasion a jubilee commemorative medal, which was presented to the members of the Imperial family and other notable guests. That event was the climax of the celebration. The medal was authorized by the Emperor. Its creation therefore proved that the authorities recognized the import of the Academy of Sciences, the worth of science for state, its military power and its political reputation. The 1826 commemorative medal symbolized Imperial favor towards the Academy of Sciences; it bears the names of three monarchs: Peter I, its founder, Alexander I, its protector at the close of its first hundred years, and Nicholas I, its hope for the new era. Several drafts of the medal prove that academician experts in numismatics participated in its creation. The authors consider the commemorative medal an important historical source and a set of symbols to be explained. The article analyses art media and studies the evolution of medal inscriptions (they were first made in Latin, but later re-written in Russian on the Emperor’s orders).
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Dolgov, E. I., S. V. Sergeev, and A. V. Nikonov. "Hero of the Soviet Union A. V. Sidorov, a military topographer." Geodesy and Cartography 975, no. 9 (October 20, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2021-975-9-57-64.
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Military topographers made a significant contribution to achieving the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. For their professionalism, bravery and courage, many of them were submitted to government awards, orders and medals. At war a topographer performs an important and responsible, though not as heroic and risky job as, for example, a pilot or a tanker. Therefore, until recently, it was believed that there were no military topographers among the servicemen honoured with the highest distinction, the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union. However, by now, when the archive documents of the Russian Federation Defense Ministry have been fully opened, it is possible to observe the way of our colleague, Alexander Vasilyevich Sidorov, who was assigned the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union in 1943. A. V. Sidorov started his career in 1930 as a civilian topographer of the Central Asian Geodetic Administration (Tashkent). Since 1932, in the Military Topographic Service of the Red Army
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Soloviev, I. A., V. K. Logunov, A. P. Utochkin, and R. D. Kuchev. "CONTRIBUTION COLONEL OF MEDICAL SERVICE N. N. GURIN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NAVAL SURGERY (TO THE 90 ANNIVERSARY FROM THE BIRTHDAY)." Marine Medicine 6, no. 5(S) (January 20, 2021): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2020-6-s-109-113.
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The article is devoted to the eminent naval surgeon Professor Gurin Nikolay Nikolaevich, head of the Department of marine medicine of the Leningrad GIUV (1978–1980), Vice-rector Langius (1984–1995), Colonel of medical service. Nikolai Nikolaevich graduated from the Naval medical Academy in 1955 and was sent to the black sea fleet. Winner of the government of the Russian Federation award (1999) in the field of education for the development and implementation of systems of practice (clinical doctor) for medical higher educational institutions. In 1959–1962, he studied in the clinical residency of the VMGH clinic, and in 1969–1982, he was the chief surgeon OF the DRA. Scientific works: «Military field surgery» textbook (1980); «Marine medicine» guide for doctors ‘ exams (1989); «General medical practice (family medicine)» (1996). Monographs: «Diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis on ships at sea» (1994); «Treatment of acute cholecystitis» (1999); «Choice of method for treatment of stomach ulcers» (2001); «Family medicine of Gatchina» (2001); «Treatment of complicated osteomyelitis» (2004); «First aid» (2009);«Surgical care for stomach wounds» (2010). Awarded 14 medals. Including the medal «for services to the Fatherland of the II degree».
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Nicolescu, Andrei. "Franco-Romanian contacts and protocol relations (1930-1936)." Technium Social Sciences Journal 47 (September 9, 2023): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v47i1.9433.
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Romanian-French military relations were enhanced during this period too by many actions and events that referred both to the present and to the most fruitful periods of the collaboration between the two armies. The friendship associations established during the interwar period, both in France and Romania, contributed greatly to the development of relations between the Romanians and the French, between the two armies. During the period 1930-1936 there are also other manifestations of the gratitude of the Romanian authorities towards the French soldiers who contributed to the good relations between the two armies. We can mention an incomplete list, of course, of those who were decorated with orders and medals for such merits. Among those decorated were the names of participants in the 1916-1918 campaign in the French Military Mission in Romania, led by General Berthelot.
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Hong, Seong Choul, and Kyong-Soo Oh. "Determinants of sports coverage: Newsworthiness in US media coverage of foreign athletes during the London 2012 Olympic Games." Journalism 21, no. 7 (March 22, 2017): 933–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884917699034.
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This study examined US media coverage of foreign nations and their athletes during the 2012 London Olympic Games. An analysis of NBC primetime telecasts and sports coverage in The New York Times found that foreign nations and their athletes were not significantly affected by any given nation’s performance during the Olympics. However, coverage of the Olympics was actually based on several contextual factors. While a few elite countries’ dominance in the Olympics secured US media coverage, military expenditures, linguistic proximity to the United States, and the number of sports celebrities and gold medals won often predicted a country’s visibility in US media.
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Feldblyum, I. V., E. V. Gorelikova, V. I. Sergevnin, N. V. Isaeva, M. Yu Devyatkov, M. G. Menshikova, S. D. Novgorodova, and I. A. Okuneva. "Professor Anna Timofeevna Faidysh: 110th anniversary of her birth." Perm Medical Journal 40, no. 6 (January 22, 2024): 158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj406158-161.
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The article is devoted to the 110th anniversary of the birth of Anna Timofeevna Faidysh – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Epidemiology of Perm Medical Institute (1960–1973), honorary member of the Memorial Complex dedicated to the Battle of Stalingrad. Anna Timofeevna graduated with honors from the First Kharkov Medical Institute and took postgraduate studies at the Department of Microbiology. In June 1941, the Great Patriotic War began. For her participation in the military actions, she was awarded two orders and six medals. From 1960 to 1973, Anna Timofeevna worked as the Head of the Department of Epidemiology at Perm Medical institute. In 1965, she defended her doctoral dissertation and became a professor. A.T. Faidysh introduced a course of military epidemiology into the educational process. She is the author of more than 100 scientific papers. Under her leadership, four PhD theses were defended.
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ZAKHAROV, Anton O. "ARMY MERITORIOUS SERVICE STAR OF INDONESIA — BINTANG KARTIKA EKA PAKSI." Southeast Asia: Actual Problems of Development, no. 2(55) (2022): 230–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2072-8271-2022-2-2-55-230-254.
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The National Army, or Armed Forces, of Indonesia is a key factor in Indonesian politics, economy, and history. It has influenced the award system so greatly that the military orders and medals were dominating till 2009 when the civil orders turned equal to military ones. The paper sums up the legal acts, presidential decrees, media and other open sources to reconstruct the history of the Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi (Pakçi before 1972) — Army Meritorious Service Star of Indonesia. The Star was instituted in late 1968, along with the Bintang Jalasena — Navy Meritorious Service Star, and Bintang Swa Bhuwana Paksa — Air Force Meritorious Service Star. There are three classes of Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi — Utama (first), Pratama (second), and Nararya (third). The Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi is bestowed to the top grass military officials, in strict correspondence to their ranks of one-, two-, three-, and four-stars generals. The Order may be given to civil officials for their merits in the development of the National Army of Indonesia. The Order is also awarded to the top generals of the foreign armies who collaborate with the Indonesian Armed Forces.
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Pimenova, M. V., and A. B. Bodrikov. "Military Concepts in the Russian Linguistic World Image (as in the case of " Warrior" Concept)." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 1131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2019-21-4-1131-1138.
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The article features the cognitive signs of the warrior concept. The main representation of the concept is stylistically marked. The word warrior is often used in elevated style. In Russian culture, the army has always been a special estate that protects the people and the Russian lands. The concept warrior proved to have some structural peculiarities. It includes seven motivating signs in the structure of the concept: (battle) cry, army, conquest, hunting, desire / aspiration, target, dedication. Only four of them transformed with time and moved into the category of conceptual signs: army → warrior / defender / one who is fighting; desire / aspiration + goal + dedication → purposeful (person). The second group of the structure is formed by twenty conceptual signs: military, liberator, fighter, (military) employee, soldier, (experienced) in military affairs, warrior / defender / the one who fights, hero, protector, brave man, winner, squire, courageous / valiant (man), role model / example for imitation, responsible (man), purposeful (person), giving a debt to the country, ready for self-sacrifice / accomplishing a feat, participant in the war, patriot / devotee / loyal (Motherland / Fatherland / people). These cognitive characteristics show a wide range of functional manifestations of modern representations of military occupation. The special group includes figurative stereotypical and gender signs, since a warrior has always been a male hero in Russian linguistic culture. The stereotypes of Russian linguistic culture are connected with the military past of our people, with its heroic epos, tales, and legends. Symbolic signs make up a separate group. The structure of the studied concept includes sixteen symbolic signs, which are also connected with the history of the Russian people with its numerous wars and victories: gods and saints, (fraternal) graves of warriors, war veterans, eternal flame, (military) rituals, (military) units, banner, George the Victorious, coat of arms, hero cities, icons, awards (orders and medals, weapons), monuments (obelisks and columns), songs and marches, field, status Hero-city, temple.
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Taylor, James Stacey. "WHAT CAN’T MONEY BUY?" Public Affairs Quarterly 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26897022.
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Abstract It is usual in debates over the appropriate limits of markets to note that there are some goods—such as Nobel Prizes, academic grades, military medals, friendship, and love—that cannot be bought and sold. But while it is common to hold that the nature of certain goods precludes their monetary transfer, there has been no systematic account of why this is so. This paper will remedy this omission by identifying the properties that preclude the possibility of the monetary alienability of the goods that possess them. And while this will identify some goods that money cannot buy, many other goods that are believed to be beyond the reach of the market will turn out to be monetarily alienable—including all of those mentioned above.
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Fisun, A. Ya, V. A. Yakovlev, and Yu S. Malov. "In memory of Komarov Fyodor Ivanovich (on the occasion of his centenary)." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 22, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma50566.
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Abstract. Fyodor Ivanovich Komarov (08/26/1920 01/25/2020) was a participant in the Great Patriotic War, a prominent domestic therapist, an outstanding figure in military medicine, a Hero of Socialist Labor, an academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a laureate of the State Prize of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, an honorary doctor of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, a professor and a retired colonel-general of the medical military service. F.I. Komarovs scientific heritage is huge. Over 600 scientific works, including 33 monographs, were published by him personally and in co-authorship. Due to his comprehensive clinical background and deep knowledge of physiology and biochemistry, urgent problems of gastroenterology, cardiology, pulmonology, chronobiorhythmology and military professional pathology could be successfully solved. He made a great contribution to improve and reform the military medical service. Twenty six doctors and sixty candidates of medical sciences were educated under his leadership. Being a military doctor and holding high leadership positions, he was constantly engaged in the improvement of military medicine and military field therapy. He was also the head of medical support for the troops during the hostilities in Afghanistan, during the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and following the consequences of the earthquake in Armenia. He was elected chairman of the All-Union Society of Physicians several times. He was also a member of the Lenin and State Prize Awarding Committee under the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union, chairman of the expert council of the Supreme Attestation Commission of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and editor-in-chief of the journal Clinical Medicine and an honorary member of a number of foreign academies. In 1999, he was awarded the title Man of the XX century, became a laureate of four personal prizes: M.P. Konchalovsky (1979), S.P. Botkin (1985), N.I. Leporsky (1992), V. Kh. Vasilenko (2001). For his merits to the Fatherland, F.I. Komarov was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor (1980) in addition to forty five orders and medals.
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Rusinek, O. T., L. N. Kuimova, E. S. Troitskaya, P. P. Sherstyankin, and M. N. Shimaraev. "Vladimir Ilyich Verbolov: Fighter, Scientist-Hydrologist, Teacher." Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Earth Sciences 35 (2021): 108–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2073-3402.2021.35.108.
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The article is dedicated to the Baikal hydrologist Vladimir Ilyich Verbolov, who devoted his entire life to the study of Lake Baikal. He participated in the Great Patriotic War. Vladimir Ilyich Verbolov was awarded many awards for bravery, courage and valor: the Order of the Red Star and the Order of the Patriotic War II degree, the badge “Guard”. Vladimir Ilyich also received the gratitude Of the Supreme commander-in-chief I. V. Stalin and was awarded medals: “For bravery”, “For military merit”, “For the capture of Berlin”, “For the liberation of Warsaw”, “For victory in the great Patriotic war of 1941-1945” and “Zhukov Medal”. V. I. Verbolov is a graduate of the faculty of physics and mathematics of Irkutsk state University. His professional life was connected with the Baikal Limnological station, which in 1961 was reorganized into the Limnological Institute of the SB RAS. V. I. Verbolov made a significant contribution to the study of the thermal regime of waters, currents and water exchange in the lake. He conducted a planned study of the hydrodynamics of lake Baikal, which included the following areas: 1. surface and deep currents, flow rates, 2. horizontal and vertical currents, 3. intra-And inter-basin flow rates and water exchange, 4. radiation and heat balance, 5. mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic processes.V. I. Verbolov author of 180 scientific papers, including articles, monographs, collections, atlases, final scientific reports on state projects, in which he was the head.
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Heck, Timothy. "Blue Seas, Red Stars: Soviet Military Medals to U.S. Sea Service Recipients in World War II." Journal of Slavic Military Studies 31, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 183–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13518046.2017.1414733.
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Zakharov, Anton O. "NEW ORDERS OF INDONESIA — BINTANG KEMANUSIAAN AND BINTANG PENEGAK DEMOKRASI." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 4 (14) (2020): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-4-192-200.
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Since the fall of the ‘New Order’ in 1998, democratic reforms in Indonesia deeply changed the Constitution. The President may be elected only two times. The Presidential and general elections are general, direct, equal, secret polls. The Army reduced control over National Police. The Army lost its dual function, impliing its highest authority in politics and other social and economic issues. Democratic reforms include changes in the award system of Indonesia. Since the Independence, most orders, decorations and medals have been of the military kind. Even those awards, which should have been civilian by their statutes, were often given to the military personnel for particular services to the State. In 2009, then President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono signed the Law No. 20 ‘About the Titles, Decorations and Awards’ (Tentang Gelar, Tanda Jasa, Dan Tanda Kehormatan). The Act established the division of the orders into civilian and military groups. The civilian orders are higher than military ones. Both groups include seven orders each. The Law instituted two new civilian orders — Bintang Kemanusiaan and Bintang Penegak Demokrasi. The Bintang Kemanusiaan, or the Star of Humanities, has the only class. The Bintang Penegak Demokrasi, or the Star of the Upholder of Democracy, has three classes. Both awards are rewarded to President and Vice-President ex officio. There are no recipients of the Bintang Kemanusiaan, with the exception of Presidents Yudhoyono and Joko Vidodo and their Vice-Presidents. There are still only four recipients of the Bintang Penegak Demokrasi Utama, or first class. The Bintang Kemanusiaan and Bintang Penegak Demokrasi show the highly hierarchic structure of the Indonesian State.
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Duckett, Bob. "British Military Medals: A Guide for the Collector and Family Historian2010391Peter Duckers. British Military Medals: A Guide for the Collector and Family Historian. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Family History 2009. 192 pp., ISBN: 978 1 84415 960 4 £16.99." Reference Reviews 24, no. 8 (October 26, 2010): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09504121011091303.
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Shunyakov, Dmitriy V. "Awarding Military Personnel of NKVD Troops During the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 3 (June 20, 2024): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v345.
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The article analyses the practice of awarding People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) troops during the Great Patriotic War. It is pointed out that in 1941–1942 NKVD troops took an active part in the battles alongside Red Army units. After 1943 the commissariat’s main service and combat activity was protecting the army’s rear. The problem-chronological, typological historical, and comparative methods, as well as statistical analysis of the award data were used in this paper. Having studied archival materials, published data and personal documents, the author argues that during the initial phase of the war, awarding failed to meet the needs of the troops. It is noted that in 1942–1944 the award system was decentralized by delegating award rights to commanders (chiefs) of NKVD troops; their award arsenal was expanded with new orders and medals. The award practice indicates that there were no specialized awards to distinguish accomplishments in protecting the rear, important facilities and railways or in fighting against the nationalist underground. NKVD troops were presented with uniform state awards on the same basis as representatives of other agencies that were part of the Soviet Armed Forces (Red Army and Navy). The author comes to the conclusion that, due to the specific nature of the tasks performed (in the army’s rear), state awards were rarely given to employees (groups of employees) of NKVD troops. The majority of distinctions were departmental and included material (valuable gifts and money) or moral (certificates of merit and acknowledgement) rewards.
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Budko, A. A., and N. G. Chigareva. "Museum N.I. Pirogov: history and modernity." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 21, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma25954.
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Сolleagues, students, members of the Russian Surgical Society of Pirogov put a lot of effort to create the Pirogov Museum to perpetuate the memory of the great Russian surgeon. The construction of the museum was carried out according to the project of the architect V.A. Schroeter for funds allocated from the State Treasury and collected from philanthropists. Museum of Pirogov was opened on October, 26 (November, 7), 1897. The collection of the museum included: items related to the life and work of N.I. Pirogov, preparations for surgical anatomy, surgical pathology, collection of instruments, orthopedic and surgical devices, patient and wounded patient care items, portraits, engravings, manuscripts and documents reflecting all stages of the history of domestic surgery, etc. The museum hosted meetings of Pirogov Russian Surgical Society, conferences and all-Russian congresses of doctors. The events of the first third of the 20th century negatively affected the fate of the Pirogov Museum. Since 1930 the museum of N. I. Pirogov was under the jurisdiction of the Military Medical Academy, its funds were transferred to several departments of the Academy, and the building of the museum in the 70iеs of the twentieth century was torn down. In 1946 part of the valuable items of Pirogov’s museum became the property of the Military Medical Museum. December 19, 2018 there was a significant event in the history of Russian medicine happened: a grand opening of Pirogov’s museum took place in the Military Medical Museum. At the opening greetings were made by representatives of Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center (Moscow), Military Medical Academy. S.M. Kirov, Surgical Society, Committee on Culture of St. Petersburg, the Consulate of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, etc. The basis of the exposition of the revived Pirogov’s museum make up the original things of the great surgeon: a hat, a sword belt, a sword hat, a cocked hat, a box made of Karelian birch, a smoking pipe, orders and medals, manuscripts, letters, as well as atlases, medical instruments, lithographic stones, etc.
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Mendecka, Grażyna. "Tożsamość płciowa w narracjach żołnierek Armii Czerwonej, uczestniczek II wojny światowej." Psychologia Rozwojowa 26, no. 4 (March 31, 2022): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843879pr.21.029.15485.
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Gender Identity in the Narrative of Women-Soldiers Serving in the Red Army during World War II The analysis of gender identity is based on the narratives of women who volunteered to serve in the military after the start of World War II and fought as soldiers in the Red Army. Forty years after World War II, Svetlana Alexievich conducted interviews with women veterans, which she published in the book War’s Unwomanly Face. Their memories of wartime and post-war period were analyzed from the perspective of their gender identity, i.e. the ability to reconcile the role of a woman determined by their biological sex with the role of a soldier determined by the circumstances. The interpretation of this problem offered in the paper is based on developmental psychology theories of Erik Erikson, James Marcia, Daniel Levinson, and Jeffrey Arnett, and the sociological perspective on identity. Selected narratives from Alexievich’s reportages are analyzed focusing on identification and interpretation of different themes, which are assessed according to their relevance to the understanding of the process described. The narrators were only 16–20 years old at the time of joining the military and they were still at the stage of identity moratorium. It required a lot of determination for them to become a soldier. Their identity as a soldier was their assumed identity, defined by Marcia as ideological or professional engagement without completing the period of exploration. Women were not welcome in the army, they suffered because of logistical shortcomings, but they still supported all of the units, became officers and military leaders, and were awarded medals for their valor, courage and reliability. After the war, they were socially rejected and condemned and they needed to process their identity, i.e. reject their military ethos in order to strengthen their sense of being a women. Based on Arnett’s concept one can conclude that their “in between”period of identity exploration was determined by external events and social relations.
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Ushakov, I. B., A. A. Blaginin, and S. I. Lustin. "To the 90th birthday of professor Stanislav Alekseevich Bugrov." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 22, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 252–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma50082.
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June 10, 2020 it is the 90th anniversary of the birth of major General of the medical service, doctor of medical Sciences, Professor, honored doctor of Russia, head of the State research and testing Institute of aviation and space medicine of the Ministry of defense of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1984-1988), head of the air force aviation and space medicine service - Deputy head of the Central military medical Department of the Ministry of defense of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1988-1991), Head of the faculty of training doctors for the Air force of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (from 1975 to 1982), Chairman of the State medical Commission for selection of cosmonauts, Chairman of the State Commission for the preparation and launch of a series of biosatellites Cosmos, co-chair of the subgroup Space medicine joint Soviet-American working group on space exploration (1988-1991), member of the International Academy of Astronautics, a member of the fighting in Afghanistan, Chevalier of the order of the red Star, For service to Motherland in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Armed forces III degree, and numerous medals, veteran of the Armed forces of the Russian Federation, honorary doctor of the State research and testing Institute of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation (aviation and space medicine) and honorary Professor of the Voronezh N.N. Burdenko state medical University.
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Osmani, Esmatullah. "Exploring Nuristan: A Study of Social Dynamics and Ethical Roots." Sprin Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 5 (May 22, 2024): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.55559/sjahss.v3i5.324.
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Nuristan is situated south of the Hindu Kush Mountain range in the eastern provinces of Afghanistan. The ELINA tribe appears to have been the first group to settle in the southern Hindu Kush, especially in the rich regions of Nuristan, according to historical documents spanning more than 2000 years. Alexander the Great attempted to traverse Nuristan with his army during one of his military operations in order to reach India. Alexander and his warriors encountered fierce resistance in the western regions of Nuristan, but were welcomed with open arms by the people of KAMDISH in the eastern region. They were able to enter India as a result. Nuristan, sometimes referred to as the world's museum, has been the subject of in-depth inquiry by both domestic and international scholars. Raising animals including goats, sheep, and cows was a major part of the ancient Nuristan people's livelihood and supported the local economy. During this time, a person's social standing was determined by their military prowess, bravery, and ability to get dinner invitations. These achievements brought significant titles like BATOR, JISHT, DENG BATOR, and DAL ODA to the individuals. The gift of medals, signs, and symbols like KIRA, SHETOMA, HOSHNEK, and PANUK served as acknowledgment. The historical background of Nuristan and the socioeconomic division in the region are examined in this research. People with unique cultural characteristics have lived here for innumerable centuries. The main goal is to shed light on Nuristan's unique cultural practices and historical context.
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Rhamey, J. Patrick, and Bryan R. Early. "Going for the gold: Status-seeking behavior and Olympic performance." International Area Studies Review 16, no. 3 (September 2013): 244–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865913499563.
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State competition for international status takes a variety of forms, but most are linked to states’ related pursuits of economic and/or military power. The Olympics offer a unique venue for states to compete with one another in a forum whose consequences do not directly spill over into either realm. Instead, states compete against one another for Olympic medals—a currency with no other international political value beyond the prestige that can be obtained with them. Leveraging a theoretical framework nested in Social Identity Theory, we develop a set of hypotheses to explain how states can be attributed international status as a result of their performance in the Olympic Games and via playing host to them. Using a linear hierarchical method of analysis, we evaluate the impact of participation in the Summer Olympics on the status attributed to members of the international system from 1960 to 2012. Our findings indicate that states whose performance exceeds expectations and smaller-sized countries that play host to the Olympic Games disproportionately gain status from their participation in the sporting regime.
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Sultangalieva, G. S. "REFLECTION OF SOCIAL CHANGES IN THE KAZAKH NOMADIC SOCIETY IN OFFICE DOCUMENTATION AND VISUAL SOURCES OF THE XIX CENTURY." History of the Homeland 98, no. 2 (June 29, 2022): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/1814-6961_2022_2_104.
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In this article, through the analysis of office documentations (petitions, letters, reports of sultans-rulers, distant and local chiefs) and visual materials (portraits,artistic images), the process of social changes in the Kazakh nomadic society during the 19th century is considered. The social transformation of the Kazakh nomadic society began with the introduction of new administrative-territorial structures in the Steppe (district area, divisions, volosts, distances, auls) and, accordingly, new symbols of power appeared. In the first half of the XIX century the symbolic representation of the new system of power (the institution of senior sultans and sultan-rulers) wasthe spread of ranking order in the Steppe (assignment of a military or civil rank), the award system of the Russian Empire (medals, orders of St. Anna, St. Stanislav, St. Vladimir), the construction of a single uniform for officials -Kazakhs. The introduction of imperial standards and values in the Steppe contributed to the gradual inclusion of the Kazakh elite in this process and the emergence of new attributes of power in the Steppe.
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Gaivoronskiy, Ivan V., Gennady I. Nichiporuk, Maria G. Gaivoronskaya, Maria P. Kirillova, and Inga A. Goryacheva. "Academician V.N. Tonkov: outstanding domestic anatomist, teacher, scientist and organizer of medical service." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 24, no. 2 (July 13, 2022): 419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma106714.
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Prominent Russian and Soviet anatomist Vladimir Nikolaevich Tonkov (18721954) made a significant contribution to anatomical science and education. He is the founder of the theory of collateral circulation. For the first time, he established the patterns of blood supply to the intervertebral nodes, nerves, and lymph nodes, identified the source of the development of the spleen, and are a pioneer in the use of X-rays to study the structure of the human body. He prepared an original textbook on normal human anatomy, which went through six editions, and organized anatomical museums at Kazan University and the Military Medical Academy. The name V.N. Tonkov is associated with major social events. He was the first president of the Military Medical Academy in Soviet times. After the revolution, he headed the work of the commission to improve the life of scientists, was elected deputy of various government bodies, and was awarded many orders and medals. During the Great Patriotic War, together with the Military Medical Academy, he evacuated to Samarkand, where, in addition to teaching, he headed the faculty of training doctors during his stay in evacuation. He was one of the organizers of the All-Union Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, and Embryologists, was repeatedly elected its chairman, and created the first in the Soviet Union and numerous anatomical schools. For his significant contribution to science in 1944, V.N. Tonkov was awarded the high title of a full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. The life and work of V.N. Tonkov became the property of the history of science, and his works, which have passed the strictest test of time, continue in the school he created through the efforts of many generations of his students and their followers. V.N. Tonkov lived for 82 years ― this is a beautiful, worthy life of a great scientist, an example of high service to the people and science, and an example of a bright purposeful personality. He died in 1954 and is buried at the academic site of the theological cemetery. In memory of this outstanding scientist, the Department of Normal Anatomy of the Military Medical Academy has been named after him since 1997.
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Bocharova, Marina Yu. "THE STATE SYMBOLS ON JAPANESE POSTCARDS OF MEIJI PERIOD." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, no. 9 (2021): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2021-9-10-24.
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The article discusses the ways of representing of state symbols in the postcards of Japan during Meiji period (1868–1912). On the basis of their visual design the ways of constructing the image of the new government are considered. After the “Meiji restoration”, the state symbols were adopted (based on the old ka-mon family emblems): the national flag, the emperor’s seal, orders and medals. The post service belonged to the state, which allowed the images to show not only the actual state symbols but also in what situations it should be used and how it should be perceived. These tasks were implemented by artistic means. The different types of symbols on postcards were distributed unevenly. The most diverse subjects are related to the national and army flags. It depicted not only war but also the everyday “peaceful” life. The documentary photo, the decorative drawings of emblems, the real peoples and fantastic animals were used for the decoration. Through the positive emotions were transmitted (pride, joy, interest, etc.). Japan is represented there as the modern, internally cohesive state with the irresistible military power, fully supported by the population, with state symbols that preserve continuity with the past.
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Pavlov, N. S., A. Yu Romanchikov, and A. A. Kuzin. "Kliment Alexandrovich Zvonarev, an outstanding soviet mining engineer, surveyor and cartographer." Geodesy and Cartography 993, no. 3 (April 20, 2023): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2023-993-3-55-62.
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The article is devoted to the famous scientist-surveyor, mining engineer and cartographer, a captain of the geodetic detachment, Kliment Aleksandrovich Zvonarev (1902–1986). K. A. Zvonarev went from a student of the Leningrad Mining Institute (graduated in 1928) to Doctor of Technology (1953) and professor (1954). From 1929 to 1957 he taught at the Leningrad Mining Institute (since 1935 – associate professor, since 1954 – professor), in the period of 1957–1978 he headed the Department of Cartography in Leningrad State University. Participant of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. He served in the engineering units of the Leningrad, Volkhov and Karelian fronts as the topographic department head’s assistant, military engineer and engineer-captain of the geodetic service. He was awarded the Order of the Red Star (1942), Badge of Honor (1948), medals For the Defense of Leningrad (1943), For the Victory over Germany (1946), For Labor Valor (1950), In Memory of the 250th Anniversary of Leningrad (1957), 20 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War (1966). The authors provide information on working, the main scientific achievements and recollections by Kliment Alexandrovich about his participation in battles.
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Andreev, Alexander Alekseevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "SHAMOV Vladimir Nikolaevich (1882-1962). To the 135th of the birthday." Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 10, no. 2 (September 23, 2017): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2017-10-2-176.
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Shamov, Vladimir Nikolaevich (1882-1962) – an outstanding Soviet surgeon, neurosurgeon, transfuziolog, academician of the USSR (1945), honored scientist of the RSFSR and the Ukrainian SSR, General-Lieutenant of medical service, laureate of the Lenin prize (1962); awarded the order of Lenin (twice), red banner (twice), red banner, red Star and medals of the USSR. Born may 22, 1882 in Menzelinsk, Ufa governorate (now Tatarstan). In 1908 he graduated from the Military medical Academy. In 1911 he defended his doctoral thesis on the topic: "the importance of physical methods for surgery of malignant tumors".
From 1914 to 1923 V. N. Shamov – senior assistant in the Department of Fedorov. In 1919 he received isohemagglutinins serum for the determination of blood groups and for the first time the country produced a blood transfusion given group membership. In 1923, V. N. Shamov was elected as head of the Department of surgery of the Kharkov medical Institute and the surgical clinic of the Ukrainian Institute of experimental medicine. In 1926, he reported he developed a method of complete isolation from neural connections of the small intestine, derived under the skin, and transferring it to the blood supply of the subcutaneous vessels. In 1928, V. N. Shamov proposed and successfully conducted the transfusion of cadaveric blood. In 1930, he organized the second in the USSR and in the world Institute of blood transfusion and emergency surgery, and became its Director. In 1935 he was awarded the title of honored Worker of science. In the years 1939-1958 V. N. Shamov headed the Department of hospital surgery of the Military medical Academy, he was the scientific Director of the Leningrad Institute of blood transfusion (1939-1941). During world war II – General-Lieutenant of medical service, Deputy chief surgeon of the red Army, in 1945 – the chief surgeon of the Supreme command of the far Eastern front. In October 1945, he was elected a full member of the USSR AMS. Since 1947 – was also the Director of the Leningrad research neurosurgical Institute them. A. L. Polenov, surgeon-in-chief of the RSFSR. Since 1958 Professor-consultant of the Military medical Academy. In 1962, V. N. Shamov became a laureate of the Lenin prize for development and introduction in practice of the method of preparation and use fibrinoliticescoy blood.
N. Shamov for the first time in the country performed periarterial sympathectomy and surgery choroidal plexuses of the ventricles of the brain; developed method pregrading plasty of the esophagus isolated loop of the small intestine, raised the question of limitation contraindications for surgical interventions in the elderly. He was one of the first applied with the purpose of anesthesia, controlled hypotension and hypothermia anesthesia gas nitrous oxide, etc.; successfully completed one-step pankreatoduodenektomiyu in pancreatic cancer; described the clinical picture of tumors of cortex and medulla of the adrenal glands.
V.N. Shamov was a member of the Board of the all-Union society of surgeons and the International Association of surgeons, Chairman of the Surgical society. N.I.Pirogov, the Chairman of the organizing Bureau of the 24th all-Union Congress of surgeons, member of the scientific medical Council of Ministry of health of the USSR. More than 20 of his students became heads of departments of medical Universities. V. N. Shamov awarded the order of Lenin twice red banner (twice); the red banner of Labour, red Star, medals of the USSR. Died V.N. Shamov in Leningrad on 30 March 1962.
In memory of academician V. N. The Shamov in St. Petersburg on the building of the Military medical Academy and Neurosurgical Institute. Professor A. L. Polenov installed a memorial plaque, a bust of Lieutenant General of medical service V. N. Shamova installed in the courtyard of the St. Petersburg blood transfusion center, one of the streets of the city of Menzelinsk were named after academician V. N. Shamova.
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Kotiv, B. N., I. I. Dzidzava, A. A. Kurygin, S. Y. Ivanusa, O. V. Barinov, V. I. Iontsev, N. I. Bashilov, and I. V. Dmitrochenko. "Semen S. Girgolav is a Servant of Russian Surgery.To his 140th anniversary." Wounds and wound infections. The prof. B.M. Kostyuchenok journal 8, no. 4 (June 6, 2022): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25199/2408-9613-2021-8-4-6-23.
Full textAbstract:
Semen Semenovich Girgolav was born on February 2, 1881 in Tiflis, Georgia, Russia. In 1904 he graduated from the Imperial Military Medical Academy with honors. Under the guidance of Prof. M.S. Subbotin, Dr. S. Girgolav prepared and in 1907 successfully defended his doctoral dissertation “Experimental findings on the use of isolated omentum in the abdominal surgery”. Later, he headed the chairs of general surgery, hospital surgery of the Military Medical Academy; he also was a scientific director of the Leningrad Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, head of the surgical department of the medical faculty of the 2nd Leningrad Medical Institute.In the 30s. Prof. Girgolav started a comprehensive work on thermal injuries and continued it until the last days of his life, while basic efforts of the staff of departments and laboratories which he headed were focused on studying local and general effects of low temperatures. From the first to the last days of the Great Patriotic War, he was the Deputy Chief Surgeon of the Red Army, and when Academician Burdenko (Chief Surgeon) fell ill (from October 1941 to May 1942 and in 1945) he acted as Chief Surgeon. During the Great Patriotic War, Prof. Girgolav regularly underlined the priority of the issues of military field surgery management as well as the issues of collecting and sharing the battle experience in surgery.Academician Girgolav’s list of works includes more than 140 scientific papers, which can be schematically divided into the following topics: “Military field surgery”, “Wounds”, “Frostbites”, “Issues of Special Surgery”, “Traumatology”, “Asepsis and antiseptics”, “Pain relief”, “Neurosurgery”, “Endocrinology and oncology”, “Manuals and Guidelines”. Professor V. G. Weinstein (an outstanding Soviet traumatologistorthopedist who worked under Acad. Girgolav’s guidance) suggests the following sections: 38 works are devoted to comprehensive researches on wounds, 17 – to infections, 16 – to military field surgery, 14 – abdominal and thoracic surgery, 13 – traumatology, 12 – problems of low-temperature injuries. Fewer works in urology, plastic surgery, asepsis and antiseptics, vascular and operative surgery, history of medicine.As a result of Acad. Girgolav’s research and educational activities, one of the largest surgical schools in the USSR has been created. More than 20 doctoral and 45 candidate dissertations were prepared and defended under his supervision. Academician, Lieutenant-General of the Medical Service .S. Girgolav, was awarded the Stalin Prize, two Orders of Lenin, three Orders of the Red Banner, Order of the Red Banner of Labor, Order of the Red Star as well as many medals and honorary prizes for his outstanding contribution to the medical sphere of the Motherland in peacetime and wartime.
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Rakhimov, Ramil N. "Военная служба как фактор интеграции башкир и калмыков в имперское пространство в XVIII – первой половине XIX в." Oriental studies 16, no. 5 (December 25, 2023): 1115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2023-69-5-1115-1127.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. In the eighteenth to mid-nineteenth centuries, Imperial Russia was characterized by one particular phenomenon — presence of ethnic troops, namely: Bashkir-Meshcheryak, Stavropol Kalmyk, Volga Kalmyk, and Crimean Tatar hosts. In addition to direct combat activities, such ethnic military units were to integrate their peoples into imperial environments. So, Bashkirs and Kalmyks had been recruited for military service among the first. Materials and methods. The article analyzes archival and published sources. It employs the historical genetic, historical comparative, and structural methods for due insights into the military history of frontier-based Bashkirs and Kalmyks throughout the eighteenth to the mid-nineteenth centuries. Results. In Bashkir society, there were no institutionalized Genghisid elites believed to have monopoly on political power, and clan structures were somewhat equal. The Kalmyk Khanate did have a vertical structure of power, army and administrative apparatus. Peter I had been the first to actively involve Bashkirs and Kalmyks in Russia’s military endeavors. The imperial government had been seeking to subjugate the autonomous Khanate via Christianization (a separate host compiled from Kalmyk Christians) and control over elites. These ended in a political protest — the 1771 Exodus of Kalmyks to Dzungaria. So, since 1825, Kalmykia remained under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The accelerated integration of Bashkiria began with the activities of the Orenburg Expedition, which led to the Bashkir Rebellion of 1735–1740. The latter resulted in that the region was reshaped administratively, former elites of Bashkir society replaced by new ones, and tribal volosts substituted by territorial subdivisions. Since 1798, the canton system gave rise to new service elites. The institutionalization of military service was implemented via the 1834 establishment of the Bashkir-Meshcheryak Host that existed until 1863. Great importance was assigned to symbolic policies pursued by the imperial government towards ethnic elites of peoples in military service — awards in the form of weapons, cloth, banners, orders, and medals (subsequently). The peculiarity of the awards was that the government feared the nobility’s expansion at the expense of non-Russian elites and would bestow some surrogate awards, money, and mediocre ranks. Conclusions. In the eighteenth to mid-nineteenth centuries, Bashkirs and Kalmyks proved active participants of Russia’s foreign policies as guardians of its southeastern and southern borders. Military service did accelerate the integration of the peoples into imperial institutions — legal, social, economic ones. However, the process ended more successfully for Bashkirs, which was largely facilitated by the presence of patrimonial rights to land and the absence of a hierarchical vertical structure in society. Meanwhile, the presence of a vertical power structure in the form of an autonomous domain, Russian government’s intervention in the latter’s internal affairs (creation of a separate host from Kalmyk Christians), the Exodus of 1771, and the subsequent abolition of the Khanate slowed down the integrative processes never to be completed in the examined period.
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Morgoshiia, Temuri Sh. "Sergey Romanovich Mirotvortsev (1878–1949) – urologist-outstanding innovator and clinician (140th anniversary of his birth)." Urologicheskie vedomosti 8, no. 4 (February 28, 2019): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/uroved8441-46.
Full textAbstract:
The main milestones of the life and creativity of Professor S.R. Mirotvortsev are described in the article. Little-known facts from the professor's biography are noted. He was rewarded with two gold medals for his students' works: “Vessels and nerves of sinews of the human foot” (with his student V.P. Vorobyov) and “Dislocations of bones of the wrist.” Notably, during the Russian-Japanese war, S.R. Mirotvortsev spent 11 months in the besieged Port Arthur and remained with the wounded who were taken prisoner by the Japanese there. From 1905 to 1914, S.R. Mirotvortsev worked in the Military Medical Academy (Saint Petersburg), initially under the leadership of Professor S.P. Fedorov and then as assistant for Professor V.A. Oppel. From 1914 until the end of his life, S.R. Mirotvortsev worked in Saratov, in the Department of General Surgery; beginning in 1920, he was a member of the faculty of the surgical clinic. From 1922 to 1928, S.R. Mirotvortsev was the rector of Saratov University. In the period of the Great Patriotic War, he was the chief surgeon of Saratov and the Saratov region. S.R. Mirotvortsev published approximately 150 scientific works regarding questions of clinical and field surgery. In 1908, he demonstrated the first transplantation of ureters in the rectum and defended a doctoral dissertation (1909) on this subject. Broad popularity was gained by his work regarding malignant new growths, particularly sarcomas of tubular bones. S.R. Mirotvortsev developed methods of unilateral closure of the large intestine, determined the plasticity of the sealing gland of the meninx, and processed burn wounds with potassium permanganate solution. S.R. Mirotvortsev suggested the use of the hemostatic properties of catgut for local cessation of bleeding from parenchymatous bodies and channels within the meninx. His numerous works on field surgery provided statistical analysis of 180 000 cases involving gunshot wounds; these were especially valuable during World War I (1914–1918). Notably, the Department of Faculty Surgery of the Saratov Medical Institute, as well as a street in Saratov, carries the name of S.R. Mirotvortsev. He was awarded the Labour Red Banner, the Red Star, and numerous medals.
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Kotiv, B. N., Al A. Kurygin, I. I. Dzidzava, and V. V. Semenov. "Academician Semyon Semyonovich Girgolav (1881–1957) (to the 140th anniversary of the birth)." Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery 180, no. 2 (August 20, 2021): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2021-180-2-7-11.
Full textAbstract:
Professor Semyon Semyonovich Girgolav was born on February 2 (14), 1881 in Tiflis (Tbilisi) in a large family of the hereditary honorary citizen of St. Petersburg Semyon Gavrilovich Girgolav. In 1899, he graduated from the Second St. Petersburg Classical Gymnasium with a silver medal and immediately entered the Imperial Military Medical Academy, from which he graduated with honors in 1904. Under the guidance of M. S. Subbotin, S. S. Girgolav prepared and in 1907 successfully defended his doctoral dissertation «Experimental data on the use of an isolated omentum in abdominal surgery». In 1912, Semyon Semyonovich was elected by the Conference of the Academy as a privatdozent of the general surgery clinic, and in 1914, he was confirmed as a senior assistant of the clinic. In the 1920/21 academic year, S. S. Girgolav introduced mandatory practical classes in general surgery for the first time in our country, where students studied and mastered the methods of asepsis and antiseptics, mastered the methods of examining patients with surgical diseases, methods of applying various bandages and transportation splints, techniques for temporary hemostasis, etc. In 1932, Semyon Semyonovich was appointed Deputy Director for the scientific part of the Leningrad Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (now the Russian Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R. R. Vreden). In the pre-war years, the main direction of scientific research of S. S. Girgolav and his staff in the hospital surgery clinic was the study of the regularities of the wound process and wound healing in surgical pathology. S. S. Girgolav applied much efforts and energy to the problems of traumatology. He developed the technique of a number of original surgical operations for acute fractures of long bones, the habitual dislocation of the shoulder joint. Semyon Semyonovich’s scientific heritage is great and multifaceted. He has published more than 140 scientific papers on general, military and thoracic surgery, traumatology, neurosurgery, surgical endocrinology and oncology, combustiology, pathology and therapy of frostbites and burns. Under the supervision of S. S. Girgolav, more than 20 doctoral and 45 candidate theses were prepared and defended. For outstanding services to the Motherland in peace and war, S. S. Girgolav was awarded two Orders of Lenin, three Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the Red Star, many medals and badges of honour. Academician Semyon Semyonovich Girgolav died on January 25, 1957 in Leningrad and was buried at the Bogoslovskoe Cemetery.
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Creak, Simon. "National Restoration, Regional Prestige: The Southeast Asian Games in Myanmar, 2013." Journal of Asian Studies 73, no. 4 (November 2014): 853–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911814001624.
Full textAbstract:
“Myanmar is telling Asia ‘we are coming back!’ This is the time. Watch out! We are coming back. After the SEA Games, we will host ASEAN [Association of Southeast Asian Nations]. Big things are happening in our country.” “Kyaw,” an amiable rig coordinator in his early thirties, was relaxing on the ground drinking beer with his wife, passing the time prior to Myanmar's opening men's football match of the 2013 Southeast Asian or SEA Games. Fifteen days later—after a glorious opening ceremony, a slew of gold medals, and a celebratory closing ceremony—his assessment seemed prescient. The government newspaper,The New Light of Myanmar, boasted: “With the honor of hosting the Games that returned to the country after a 44-year long wait, Myanmar successfully hosted the biggest regional sporting event.” Thailand'sNationconcurred: “The country failed to overhaul Thailand as overall winners, but its symbolic triumph as host was far more important.” “Myanmar has basked in its host status and a rare moment in the international limelight after years in isolation under military rule,” declared Agence France-Presse in a widely syndicated article. “Some local and international observers thought Myanmar could not host the SEA Games. They were wrong,” boasted triumphant presidential spokesman U Ye Htut.
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Sergei, V. E. "Отцейхгаузадомузеяизисториивоенно-историческогомузеяартиллерии,инженерныхвойскивойсксвязи." Istoricheskii vestnik, no. 24(2018) part: 24/2018 (September 29, 2019): 134–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35549/hr.2019.2018.36654.
Full textAbstract:
The article is dedicated to the history of the Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Corps. The author examines the main stages of the museums formation, starting with the foundation of the Arsenal, established in St. Petersburg at the orders of Peter the Great on August 29th 1703 for the safekeeping and preservation of memory, for eternal glory of unique arms and military trophies. In 1756, on the base of the Arsenals collection, the General Inspector of Artillery Count P.I. created the Memorial Hall, set up at the Arsenal, on St. Petersburgs Liteyny Avenue. By the end of the 18th century the collection included over 6,000 exhibits. In 1868 the Memorial Hall was transferred to the New Arsenal, at the Crownwork of the Petropavlovsky Fortress, and renamed the Artillery Museum (since 1903 the Artillery Historical Museum). A large part of the credit for the development and popularization of the collection must be given to the historian N.E. Brandenburg, the man rightly considered the founder of Russias military museums, who was the chief curator from 1872 to 1903. During the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars a significant part of the museums holdings were evacuated to Yaroslavl and Novosibirsk. Thanks to the undying devotion of the museums staff, it not only survived, but increased its collection. In the 1960s over 100,000 exhibits were transferred from the holdings of the Central Historical Museum of Military Engineering and the Military Signal Corps Museum. In 1991 the collection also received the entire Museum of General Field Marshal M.I. Kutuzov, transferred from the Polish town of Bolesawjec. The Military Historical Museum of Artillery, Engineering and Signal Coprs is now one of the largest museums of military history in the world. It holds an invaluable collection of artillery and ammunition, of firearms and cold steel arms, military engineering and signal technology, military banners, uniforms, a rich collection of paintings and graphic works, orders and medals, as well as extensive archives, all dedicated to the history of Russian artillery and the feats of our nations defenders.Статья посвящена истории создания ВоенноИсторического музея артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи. Автор рассматривает основные этапы становления музея, начиная с основания Арсенала, созданного в СанктПетербурге по приказу Петра I 29 августа 1703 года для хранения и сохранения памяти, во имя вечной славы уникального оружия и военных трофеев. В 1756 году на базе коллекции Арсенала генеральный инспектор артиллерии граф П. И. создал мемориальный зал, установленный при Арсенале, на Литейном проспекте СанктПетербурга. К концу 18 века коллекция насчитывала более 6000 экспонатов. В 1868 году Мемориальный зал был перенесен в Новый Арсенал, на венец Петропавловской крепости, и переименован в Артиллерийский музей (с 1903 года Артиллерийский Исторический музей). Большая заслуга в развитии и популяризации коллекции принадлежит историку Н.Е. Бранденбургу, человеку, по праву считавшемуся основателем российских военных музеев, который был главным хранителем с 1872 по 1903 год. В годы Гражданской и Великой Отечественной войн значительная часть фондов музея была эвакуирована в Ярославль и Новосибирск. Благодаря неусыпной преданности сотрудников музея, он не только сохранился, но и пополнил свою коллекцию. В 1960х годах более 100 000 экспонатов были переданы из фондов Центрального исторического военноинженерного музея и Музея войск связи. В 1991 году коллекцию также получил весь музей генералфельдмаршала М. И. Кутузова, переданный из польского города Болеславец. Военноисторический музей артиллерии, инженерных войск и войск связи в настоящее время является одним из крупнейших музеев военной истории в мире. Здесь хранится бесценная коллекция артиллерии и боеприпасов, огнестрельного и холодного оружия, военной техники и сигнальной техники, военных знамен, обмундирования, богатая коллекция живописных и графических работ, орденов и медалей, а также обширные архивы, посвященные истории русской артиллерии и подвигам защитников нашего народа.
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Ismailova, Nelli. "SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL "APPLIED GEOMETRY AND ENGINEERING GRAPHICS NAMES OF ANATOLIY PODKORYTOV"." APPLIED GEOMETRY AND ENGINEERING GRAPHICS, no. 100 (May 24, 2021): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/0131-579x.2021.100.34-36.
Full textAbstract:
The founder of the scientific school of applied geometry in Odessa was Anatoly Podkorytov, academician of the higher school of Ukraine, doctor of technical sciences, professor. During the scientific and pedagogical activity, A. Podkorytov prepared 15 candidates of technical sciences, 3 doctors of technical sciences.
He was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor, silver and bronze medals for the development of 5 automatic installations that were exhibited at the exhibition of achievements of the national economy, he was also awarded two government awards. A. Podkorytov is the author of 27 copyright certificates for inventions, more than 549 printed scientific and methodological works published in Ukraine and abroad. Among them are several textbooks and textbooks on sketching geometry, computer graphics, several monographs. A. Podkorytov edited inter-university scientific and methodological collections on textual geometry.
Today, the head of the scientific school "Applied Geometry and Engineering Graphics" named after Anatoly Nikolayevich Podkorytov is his student, Academician of the Higher School of Ukraine, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Ismailova Nellya.
The basis of all research areas of the scientific school is applied mechanics, the main areas of scientific research are related to weapons and military equipment. Representatives of the scientific school are engaged in geometric modeling of technical forms and automation of their design process.
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Manakhova, Angelina V. "Revisiting the Awarding of Correspondents of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2019): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2019-2-439-448.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to a brief analysis of the previously unknown archival file “On awarding of former newspaper correspondent Rose and Colonel Brukenberry.” It refers to military reporters William Kinnaird Rose and Charles Brackenbury who accompanied the army of the Russian Empire in the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878. William Rose represented provincial press of Great Britain; he wrote for the Scottish newspaper “The Scotsman.” Charles Brackenbury, Colonel of the British army, was absent with leave during the campaign; his reports were published in “The Times.” The file “On awarding of former newspaper correspondent Rose and Colonel Brackenbury” contains the correspondence of the Russian embassy in London with Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs N. K. Girs. William Rose made a request at the embassy to reward him for the last war campaign. This request was granted and a light bronze medal “In memory of the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878” was sent to the correspondent. Immediately afterward, Charles Brackenbury made a similar request; there is no information on the receipt of the award in his case. Researchers were aware of the awarding of several correspondents during the campaign, including Colonel Brackenbury, but not that it continued after the campaign. With the discovery of documents on the awarding in 1879, it can be said that the Russian authorities encouraged foreign journalists, possibly in order to maintain friendly state-to-state relations. The document also shows that the correspondents made their request at the Russian embassy in London; as far as we know, it was not habitual procedure during the hostilities, when command representatives applied for medals. It is also worth noting that information on the awarding of William Rose was not published previously in either Russian or foreign sources. The new material allows to deepen the existing knowledge on the activities of foreign correspondents in the Russo-Turkish war. The issue has been addressed rarely if ever, and always in precedent-setting, hence the author’s interest in the topic: for the first time in the history of journalism, relations with foreign and Russian correspondents were cultivated in the wartime; for the first time correspondents admitted to the theater of operation were recommended for state awards of the Russian Empire.
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Andreev, Alex Alexeevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "Nikolay Nikolaevich ELANSKY - outstanding surgeon, organizer of military field surgery, honored scientist of the RSFSR (to the 125th of birthday)." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 12, no. 2 (March 29, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2019-12-2-147-147.
Full textAbstract:
N.N. Elansky was born in 1894 in the Voronezh Province. In 1913 he graduated from the Borisoglebsk gymnasium, in 1917 - the Military Medical Academy and was sent to the South-Western Front as a senior regimental doctor. Since 1918 - the district doctor of the Makaryevsky rural hospital of the Voronezh province. In 1919, N.N. Yelansky, together with V.N. Shamov and I.R. Petrov, prepared the first standard serums in the USSR for determining blood groups. Since 1921, Nikolai Nikolayevich returned to the faculty surgical clinic of the Military Medical Academy, having passed the way from an intern to a senior lecturer. In 1924, he defended his doctoral dissertation, in 1932 - became a professor, in 1934 - head of the department of faculty surgery at the Leningrad Pediatric Institute. In the years 1937-1938. He headed the Department of General Surgery and Military Field Surgery of the Military Medical Academy. Nikolai Nikolayevich participated in the organization of surgical care on the Khalkhin-Gol River (1938) and in the Soviet-Finnish War (1939–1940). During the Great Patriotic War, N.N. Yelansky consistently served as chief surgeon of the North-West, 2nd Byelorussian, 2nd Ukrainian and Trans-Baikal fronts. After the war, Nikolai Nikolayevich continued to work as head of the department of general surgery. In 1942, on the initiative of N.N. Yelansky was created by a special front-line group with the aim of a comprehensive study of traumatic shock. In 1942 he was awarded the title Honored Scientist of the RSFSR. In 1944, N.N. Elansky became lieutenant-general of the medical service. From 1947 to 1955 He was the chief surgeon of the Soviet Army and at the same time the head of the department of faculty surgery I of the Moscow Medical Institute. N.M. Sechenov, which he headed until 1964. From 1955 to 1959 he was a professor and consultant of the Military Medical Administration. He studied specific issues of blood transfusion, gastro-surgery, urology, traumatology, oncology and neurosurgery. In 1959 N.N. Yelansky organizes an artificial kidney department in the faculty surgical clinic I of the Moscow Medical Institute for the treatment of patients with acute renal failure. Nikolay Nikolayevich was a member of the editorial board of the Surgery and Military Medical Journal journals. He edited the 15th and 16th volumes of the multivolume work "The Experience of Soviet Medicine in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."He was the editor of the Surgery department of the 2nd edition of the Big Medical Encyclopedia, etc. He was a member of the board of the All-Union and All-Russian Scientific Surgical Societies, an honorary member of the International Association of Surgeons, the Surgical Society. N.I. Pirogov, Surgical Society of Czechoslovakia, Vice-President of the Society of Soviet-Belgian Friendship. He trained 9 doctors and over 30 candidates of medical sciences. He has published about 140 scientific papers. For services to the motherland N.N. Elansky was awarded fifteen orders and medals of the Soviet Union. N.N. Elansky died on August 31, 1964 and was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.
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Shafranskaya, Eleonora F. "“Tashkent front”: basing on folklore daily life and literature." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 62 (2021): 232–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-62-232-245.
Full textAbstract:
For about a century and a half, Tashkent was part of the region of Russian statehood. During this time, the toponym Tashkent has enriched the Russian language with a number of phraseological expressions. For example, back in the 19th century, the ironic phrase “gentlemen of Tashkent” arose thanks to Saltykov-Shchedrin. In a considerable number of “Tashkent” phraseological units we meet the “Tashkent front”. The present paper appeals to this precedent text, a kind of slander that appears during the Great Patriotic War. On the basis of memoir and fiction (diaries and memories of Vs. Ivanov, K. Chukovsky, L. Chukovskaya, E. Meletinsky and narratives by V. Nekrasov, K. Simonov and N. Gromova), the author considers this phraseologism in its existence context that gives rise both to its component parts (“Tashkent medals”, “Tashkent partisans”) and ambiguous interpretations (the real approach of the “German” to Tashkent, the rescuing locus and the labor front, the recent military past). In the context of K. Simonov's short novel “Twenty days without war” and N. Gromova's archival novels, the author examines a traumatic stage in a biography of the Soviet poet V. Lugovsky accused by his contemporaries of dodging the war on the “Tashkent front”. The study also mentions the name of Nikolai Karazin — in the form of a pattern of Central Asian wars, significant both for the writer Simonov and for the historical and cultural meta-text.