Academic literature on the topic 'Military finance'
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Journal articles on the topic "Military finance"
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Denysenko, Nataliia. "PROBLEM ISSUES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF PUBLIC FINANCES DURING THE WAR." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 64 (August 31, 2022): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.64.41-52.
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The article highlights the current issues of planning and budget development during the war, the functioning of state finances, the components of the military economy as a multi-sectoral complex, and the mechanisms of financing the military economy in modern conditions. The main modern trends in the sphere of public finances of Ukraine are considered. A comparison is made with the world experience of the functioning of military state finances. The financial consequences in the countries affected by the war are analyzed.
Military finance is a special part of state finances, the main link of which is the military budget. The military budget is part of the State budget of the country. The article examines the world experience of the budgetary process during the war.
The structure of military finances and its main elements are analyzed: the military budget, sources of income generation and spending, military borrowing, military purchases, finances of interstate military groups, foreign military aid, military defense orders, military levies, and others.
The classification of military costs, which are divided into direct, indirect and hidden, is generalized. In turn, direct military expenses are divided into current and capital expenses.
The article emphasizes that there are three main sources of funding for military spending: printing money, increasing taxes, and borrowing. The advantages and disadvantages of each of these sources of financing are analyzed. Analysis of the functioning of military finances in the leading countries of the world during the wars of the 20th century revealed the main trends. Most countries increased the tax rates of individuals, did not use the provision of state grants to support small businesses, tried to keep the share of monetary emission among sources of financing no more than 20%, used internal state borrowing to attract funds.
Military bonds are considered as a kind of investment tool to support the state budget. Military bonds are separate issues of domestic state loan bonds from the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine during martial law. The conditions for issuing state military bonds are summarized.
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Arbatov, A. "Military Reform: Doctrine, Troops, and Finance." World Economy and International Relations, no. 4 (1997): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-1997-4-5-21.
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TOPOROVA, Yuliya M. "State defense order as a means of enrichment." National Interests: Priorities and Security 18, no. 6 (June 15, 2022): 1103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.18.6.1103.
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Subject. The article discusses the threat of a conflict of interests between public finance and private capital. Objectives. I analyze the fiscal and monetary policy in relation to enterprises of the military-industrial complex. Methods. The study employs methods of statistical and graphical analysis. Results. The paper highlights the shortcomings of financial and monetary policy related to enterprises of the military-industrial complex that implement the State defense order. It provides the analysis of interrelation between the financial condition of enterprises operating in the military-industrial complex and the change in the key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and the loan interest rate. Conclusions. To prevent a conflict of interests between public finances and private capital and to reduce the threat to military-economic security, enterprises of the military-industrial complex of Russia should get loans from extra-budgetary funds.
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Goossens, Thomas. "“Des fonds nets et claires”: de Krijgskas, de Raad van Financiën en het beheer van het militaire budget in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden (1718-1775)." Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire 88, no. 4 (2010): 1135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rbph.2010.9584.
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Thomas Goossens, “ Des fonds nets & claires” : The War Treasury, the Finance Council and the management of the military budget in the Southern Netherlands (1718-1775) The War Treasury of the Southern Netherlands has as yet received very little scholarly attention. This institution was created in 1718 as part of a broader reform of the Brussels central government by the Austrian crown, and it was intended to take over the military responsibilities of the Finance Council of the Southern Netherlands. The War Treasury is generally believed to have managed all military income and expenditure in the Southern Netherlands in a highly autocratic manner, thereby strengthening the control of the Austrian government over the Brussels military budget. Recently discovered evidence, however, suggests that the War Treasury’s independence was much more limited than previously thought. In fact, the Finance Council continued to control both the income of the War Treasury and the management of its expenditure. Moreover, the interdependence between these two councils was deliberately maintained by both the Brussels and Viennese governments, since the Austrians realized that they were incapable of managing the military budget without the cooperation of the Finance Council. In the end, the exigencies of maintaining the army of the Southern Netherlands at operational strength continued to trump any desires on the part of Vienna to limit the influence of the Brussels civil governments over the management of the region’s military budget.
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Brandon, Pepijn. "‘The whole art of war is reduced to money’: remittances, short-term credit and financial intermediation in Anglo-Dutch military finance, 1688–1713." Financial History Review 25, no. 1 (April 2018): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565017000282.
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The literature on the financial revolution and the rise of the English fiscal-military state frequently gives the impression that a singular set of reforms emanating from the Glorious Revolution of 1688 changed the entire landscape of English army finances, allowing a fundamental shift from patchwork solutions based on short-term credit and managed through a system of wholesale venality to a solid system of long-term funded loans raised on an impersonal market. This article focuses on the crucial role that merchant networks and the personal connections of financial intermediaries continued to play in international troop payments arranged by the English state through the Dutch Republic. Even when the English or Dutch treasuries could find the necessary money to pay and provision the troops in time, getting the money to the military commanders in the field or to their distant suppliers often depended on long and complex credit lines. Short-term loans acquired in making military expenditure – consisting of unpaid bills to suppliers, payments advanced by officials and officers, and temporary loans contracted by financial intermediaries – as well as the widespread reliance on commercial credit in the form of bills of exchange as a way to transfer funds effectively formed the life thread of army finance. The ability to finance the military in times of exploding costs and permanent emergencies without defaulting rested not only on the capacity to draw on financial resources at home, but also on the strength of commercial and financial networks abroad. In doing so, closeness to the centres of emerging international financial capitalism seems to have been of greater importance than a specific set of institutional innovations.
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Kravchenko, V. "MILITARY ECONOMICS AND MILITARY FINANCE: NEW CHALLENGES IN THE FIRST HALF OF XXI CENTURY." Ekonomika ta derzhava, no. 9 (September 27, 2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32702/2306-6806.2019.9.4.
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Bakshaev, A. A. "IMPROVEMENT OF THE REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR THE SUPPLY OF MILITARY PRODUCTS BY STATE-OWNED MINING PLANTS IN THE URALS IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 19TH CENTURY." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 1(52) (2021): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2021-1-143-149.
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The article examines the activities of public authorities to improve the procedure for manufacturing and acceptance of military products in the first third of the 19th century. The author notes that the unsatisfactory performance of military outfits by state-owned plants in the Urals, as well as numerous disputes over the rejection of metals, guns and shells between military receivers and the mining administration forced them to revise the existing laws governing acceptance of military products. There were two stages in the development of the regulatory framework for the military order. At the first stage, in 1804, on the initiative of the Minister of Finance, approved by the imperial decree, a special committee was created, consisting of the leaders of Ministry of Land Forces, the Naval Ministry and the Ministry of Finance. As a result, new rules for testing and acceptance of military products were developed. Already in 1808, those rules required processing, which was handled by the Scientific Committee for the Artillery Unit of the Artillery Department. Representatives of the Mining Department were also involved in the work on improving the rules. As a result, new requirements for accepting guns and shells were developed. The second stage of improving the legislation governing the production of military products covers the 1820s – early 1830s. By the early 1820s, state-owned plants of the Urals could no longer cope with the repeatedly increasing volumes of military orders. In addition, they were charged with the manufacture of new types of military products. As a result, in 1822, on the initiative of the Minister of Finance, a special committee was again created from the officials of the Artillery and Mining departments. The result of its activities was the improvement of the supply system of military products, the reduction in orders and the development of new rules for trial and acceptance of military products.
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Gilbert, Emily. "Militaries, finance, and (in)security." Finance and Society 3, no. 2 (December 19, 2017): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/finsoc.v3i2.2577.
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This essay points to some of the ways that militaries are focused on money and economics, and addresses what this means for understanding the entanglements of security and finance. We cannot think about security in the contemporary moment without also thinking about militaries and war, and it is only by addressing how military power engages money and finance that can we better understand how insecurity is enacted.
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Lu, Wen-Min, and Mei-Hui Chen. "A benchmark-learning roadmap for the Military Finance Center." Mathematical and Computer Modelling 53, no. 9-10 (May 2011): 1833–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2011.01.003.
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Shvetsov, Andrey V., and Natalia K. Shvetsova. "Domestic economy and finance during a special military operation." Vestnik of the Mari State University. Chapter “Agriculture. Economics” 8, no. 3 (2022): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30914/2411-9687-2022-8-3-349-355.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Military finance"
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Skimmyhorn, William. "Essays in Behavioral Household Finance." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10233.
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This dissertation investigates some of the factors affecting modern household finance decisions in the United States using natural experimental variation and administrative data. In Chapter 1 I estimate the effects of financial education on retirement savings decisions. Between 2007 and 2008 the U.S. Army implemented a mandatory 8 hour Personal Financial Management Course (PFMC) for new soldiers. Staggered implementation across locations and time provides quasi-experimental variation in whether an individual received the training. I find that the course has large and lasting effects on individual retirement savings in the Thrift Savings Plan, a tax-deferred account similar to a 401(k). The course doubles savings, has significant effects throughout the distribution of savings and the effects persist out to two years. The mechanism for the effects is likely a combination of both human capital and behavioral assistance. In Chapter 2 I estimate the effects of financial education on a variety of other economic behaviors. I rely on the same natural experiment as in Chapter 1 but I use individually matched credit data to estimate the effects of financial education on credit scores, credit balances for several types of accounts, monthly payments and adverse legal actions. In some areas I find that the PFMC has beneficial effects, reducing cumulative account balances (especially for automobile accounts) and aggregate monthly payments. In other areas, including credit scores, the probability of being active in the credit market and the number of adverse legal actions, the PFMC has no statistically significant effects on financial behavior. In Chapter 3 I estimate the effects of stress on financial decision-making. I use the natural variation in the casualty rates faced by individuals deploying overseas an exogenous source of stress and I measure the effects of this stress on individuals' participation in the Savings Deposit Program (SDP), a risk-free 10% annual percentage rate savings account. I find a modest and statistically significant negative relationship between the stress of casualties and SDP participation on the order of 5%. Some failures of the randomization test and the confounding effects of overall activity levels and rural locations cannot be eliminated as a source of the observed savings differences and as a result, these results should be considered suggestive evidence of the adverse effects of stress on financial decision-making.
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Nelson, Jeffrey S. "Three essays on personal financial difficulties of military members." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18799.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Family Studies and Human Services
Sonya L. Britt and Martin Seay
This three essay dissertation examined questions related to personal financial difficulties of military members with the aim of suggesting the most effective focal points for those involved in development of policy or programs or working directly with military members on improving their personal financial condition. The introduction (Chapter 1) describes the nature of the problem, the level of attention it has received within the civilian and military leadership structure, and generally what has been done to address it before presenting an outline of the chapters which follow. The first essay (Chapter 2) relies on theoretical guidance from stress and coping theory to examine determinants of a military member’s choice of problem-focused over emotion-focused coping strategies. The study used primary data collected from a sample of soldiers (n = 688) at a large Midwestern military installation. Its results indicated that military members with an internal locus of control and those who performed positive financial behaviors in response to a financial stressor reported lower levels of financial stress. Taking its theoretical guidance from the theory of planned behavior, the second essay (Chapter 3) examined the relationship of the behavioral antecedents of attitude toward behavior, subjective beliefs, and perceived behavioral control with behaviors related to establishing and maintaining an adequate emergency fund and maintaining positive cash flow, the term used for keeping spending at levels below income over time. The study analyzed primary data from a sample of soldiers at a large Midwestern military installation (n = 93). Of the 11 models analyzed, most were statistically significant, though, individually, the behavioral antecedents themselves did not yield statistical significance as often. Although fewer definitive findings emerged from the cash flow group of models, results of the emergency fund group indicated that attitude toward behavior and perceived behavioral control are positively influential on behaviors related to maintaining an emergency fund. The third essay (Chapter 4) detailed a study which tested the theoretical assumption that better informed consumers make better financial choices. The study examined self-assessed financial knowledge, a self-assessed measure of confidence in day-to-day personal financial management termed financial confidence, and objectively measured financial knowledge as potential determinants of certain positive and negative financial behaviors. The positive behaviors were maintenance of positive cash flow and an adequate emergency fund, and the negative behaviors were engaging in high-cost borrowing through auto title lenders, payday lenders, pawn shops, and rent-to-own stores, collectively termed alternative financial services (AFS). The study analyzed secondary data from a sample of military members collected by the 2012 National Financial Capability Study which yielded a set of 949 responses useable for the study described in this chapter. Subjective knowledge was found to be associated with emergency fund maintenance, but not positive cash flow, while objective financial knowledge and financial confidence were found to be positively associated with positive cash flow, but not emergency fund maintenance. Females and those with higher incomes were found to be more likely to maintain positive cash flow, while those with three or more dependent children and those having experienced a recent income shock were less likely to do so. Females, members with graduate degrees, and members with a higher investing risk tolerance were more likely to maintain emergency funds, though members with two or more children and those having experienced a recent income shock were less likely to do so. Subjective financial knowledge was found to be positively related to AFS use, while objective financial knowledge and financial confidence were found to be negatively associated with AFS use. Members with more dependent children and those having experienced recent income shocks were more likely to have used AFS, while those with higher incomes were less likely to have done so. The conclusion (Chapter 5) summarizes the findings of all three essays, their implications, and suggests directions for future research. It re-emphasizes the unique contributions of the essays to personal finance literature pertaining to military members and its importance for policy makers, military leaders, and anyone involved in developing or administering personal financial improvement programs for the benefit of military members.
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McDowell, Robert W. "Public sector application of real estate analysis and finance techniques : a feasibility study for military family housing." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26189.
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Van, Nieuwenhuyzen Bernard J. "Financial literacy as core competency of South African military officers : a measurement instrument." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1087.
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Thesis (PhD (School of Public Management and Planning
))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since 1994, education and training in South Africa has experienced various changes, driven mainly by the Green Paper on Skills Development and the White Paper on Education which set objectives and outcomes and gave guidelines on how education and training should be approached, planned, and managed. The White Paper on Education necessitated change in SA tertiary institutions such as Stellenbosch University and its respective faculties. The Faculty of Military Science, which is situated at the South African Military Academy (SAMA) in Saldanha, accepted the challenge of contributing to the full personal development of students, by undertaking to shape people capable of organising and managing themselves and their human activities, including their financial activities, responsibly and effectively. The success of higher education institutions in empowering young people to be financially capable is questioned by various publications and surveys. Preliminary findings from surveys in 2004 and 2005 among students at the SAMA suggest that they are largely financially illiterate, thus potentially economically volatile. These findings introduce the research problem and serve as a foundation for the development of a scientific, socially relevant, valid and reliable financial literacy measurement instrument. A combined qualitative and quantitative research methodology is applied to develop a measurement instrument, which is then assessed for validity and reliability by applying it in a case study. The secondary objective of this research is the social study of the financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial attitude levels of individuals. To ensure relevance between the case study and the measurement instrument, financial literacy is initially evaluated as a management competency. Financial literacy is stated as a key competency in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). The financial literacy measurement instrument was constructed after an exploration of the contextual and conceptual nature of financial literacy. A questionnaire was selected as the ideal method of gathering the required information. The questionnaire’s validity and reliability were assessed as part of descriptive research in the development phase, as well as in the case study. The face and content validity were proven through input from respondents and subject experts. Reliability of the measurement instrument was assessed by calculating item difficulty, item discrimination, means, standard deviations and ultimately the internal consistency of the financial knowledge, behaviour and attitude sections of the measurement instrument. In the case study first-year students achieved an average of 50.17% for their financial knowledge although they rated their own knowledge levels to be 60.8%. The respondents struggled most with questions pertaining to investment, insurance, and inflation, and least with retirement and income and expenditure questions. This research underlines the importance of financial literacy as a management competency and its importance at a global, national, organisational and personal level. It produces a valid and reliable financial literacy measurement instrument that can be used by different stakeholders in South Africa to assess financial knowledge, behaviour and attitude, and thus indicate where intervention is required. Having a valid and reliable measurement instrument for measuring financial literacy creates opportunity for future research and development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert 1994 het die opvoeding- en opleidingsteater in Suid-Afrika dramatiese veranderinge ondergaan met veral die die Groenskrif op Vaardigheidsontwikkeling en die Witskrif op Opvoeding, wat die doelwitte en uitkomste gestel het en die toon aangegee het in terme van hoe opvoeding en opleiding aangepak, beplan en bestuur behoort te word. Verandering genoodsaak deur die Witskrif op Opvoeding sou by assosiasie ook verandering noodsaak in SA tersiêre inrigtings soos Stellenbosch Universiteit en haar fakulteite. Die Fakulteit Krygskunde, gevestig by die Suid-Afrkaanse Millitêre Akademie (SAMA) in Saldanha, het die uitdaging aanvaar om by te dra tot die totale persoonlike ontwikkeling van studente deur te onderneem om mense te vorm wat in staat sal wees om hulself en hul aktiwiteite verantwoordelik en doeltreffend te bestuur, insluitend hul finansiële aktiwiteite. Hoër Onderwys se sukses met die bemagtiging van jong mense tot finansieel vaardige individue is deur verskeie navorsingsverslae bevraagteken. Voorlopige bevindinge van studies in 2004 en 2005 onder voograadse studente van die SAMA is dat hulle grootliks finansieel ongeletterd is en gevolglik ekonomies kwesbaar. Die bevindinge is die vertrekpunt van die probleemstelling vir hierdie studie, en vorm die basis vir die ontwikkeling van 'n wetenskaplik- en sosiaalrelevante, geldige en betroubare finansiële geletterdheidsmetingsinstrument. 'n Gekombineerde kwalitatiefkwantitatiewe navorsingsmetodologie is toegepas in die ontwikkeling van 'n metingsinstrument, en die verbandhoudende bepaling van sy geldigheid en betroubaarheid deur die toepassing daarvan in 'n gevallestudie. Die sekondêre doelwit van hierdie navorsing is die sosiale studie van die finansiële kennis-, finansiële gedrags- en finansiële houdingsvlakke van individue. Ten einde relevansie tussen die gevallestudie en die metingsinstrument te verseker, is finansiële geletterdheid aanvanklik as 'n bestuursvaardigheid geëvalueer. Finansiële geletterdheid word in die Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag (SANW), as kernvaardigheid aangedui. Die finansiële geletterdheidsinstrument is gekonstrueer na 'n verkenning van die konteksuele en konsepsuele aard van finansiële geletterdheid. 'n Vraelys is geselekteer as die ideale metode om die relevante data te bekom. Die vraelys se geldigheid en betroubaarheid is as deel van deskriptiewe navorsing in die ontwikkelingsfase, en ook tydens die gevallestudie, bepaal. Die gesigs- en inhoudsgeldigheid is bevestig deur respondentterugvoer en vakspesialisinsette. Betroubaarheid van die metingsinstrument is bepaal deur die berekening van itemmoeilikheidsgraad, itemdiskriminasie, gemiddelde, standaardafwyking en uiteindelik interne betroubaarheid van die finansiële kennis-, gedrags- en houdingsafdelings van die metingsinstrument. In die gevallestudie, het eerstejaarstudente 'n gemiddeld van 50.17% vir die kennisfaktor behaal, alhoewel hulle hul eie kennisvlakke gemiddeld as 60.8% aangedui het. Respondente het hoofsaaklik gesukkel met kennisvrae wat handel oor beleggings, versekering en inflasie. Hul het die minste gesukkel met kennisvrae wat handel oor aftrede en inkomste en uitgawes. Hierdie navorsing bevestig die belangrikheid van finansiële geletterdheid as bestuursvaardigheid, asook op 'n globale, nasionale, organisatoriese en persoonlike vlak. Hierdie studie het 'n geldige en betroubare finansiële geletterdheidsmetingsinstrument opgelewer; een wat deur diverse finansiële geletterdheidsaandeelhouers in Suid-Afrika aangewend kan word. Hierdie metingsinstrument sal empiriese inligting oor finansiële kennis-, gedrags-, en houdingsvlakke genereer en aantoon waar intervensie benodig word. Die belangrikheid van finansiële geletterdheid, sowel as die noodsaak vir 'n geldige en geloofwaardige metingsinstrument, is geleenthede vir verdere navorsing en ontwikkeling.
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Graham, Aaron Benjamin. "Partisan politics and the British fiscal-military state, 1689-1713." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:071f355a-4ab0-4162-a221-1fdde5a3fb2d.
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The rapid expansion in the size and effectiveness of the British fiscal-military state between 1689 and 1713 has been analysed by historians such as John Brewer and Michael Braddick as the outcome of increasingly impartial, rational and professional bureaucratic administration. Yet recent work on state formation in Britain and Europe has emphasised that effectiveness often arose from practices usually dismissed as inefficient or corrupt. This thesis provides a new paradigm by comparing fiscal-military structures to contemporary commercial enterprises, which functioned by coordinating the efforts of suppliers and buyers. Coordination was achieved in turn through mutual trust, which overcame principal-agent problems and reduced transaction costs. This thesis suggests that by analogy, those polities that could encourage cooperation and mutual trust between autonomous officials, agencies and private contractors enjoyed the greatest success as fiscal-military states. In the mercantile or financial world trust was created through kinship and friendship, as well as common religious, ethnic or national identities, which contained inbuilt informal mechanisms for policing behaviour. This thesis examines the financing and supply of the British army in Ireland and Europe between 1689 and 1713 to conclude that these elements also served to create trust within state structures, and that even political partisanship – normally dismissed as a disruptive, even destructive, influence – generated a community of shared political interests that encouraged trust and improved coordination. It also demonstrates that officials, politicians and financiers constructed politicised networks that interlocked efficiently with each other, permitting the improved coordination of public and private credit, and even informal financial intermediation intended to maintain the liquidity of the army’s fiscal structures. It therefore concludes that the success of the British fiscal-military state during this period was the product of improved informal coordination rather than institutional change and bureaucratic reform, and that political partisanship was integral to this process.
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Newell, Thomas. "The use of Special Operations Forces in combating terrorist financing." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA457538.
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Joyner, David Lee. "FINANCIAL IMPACTS OF MILITARY BASE CLOSURES ON LOCAL COMMUNITY PROPERTY VALUES." NSUWorks, 2012. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/hsbe_etd/51.
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The dissertation explores the financial ramifications of US military base closure on local community real estate property values. The dissertation examines an area that has not received sufficient research. Previous works on military base closure by Bradshaw, Kroll, Corley, Kirshenbaum and Harlan (1995); Dardia, McCarty, Malkin, and Vernez, (1996); Hooker and Knetter (2001) and Krizan (1998) examine more generalized economic factors such as employment and macroeconomic activity. More recent published dissertation work by authors Hall (1998) and Poppert (2002) have provided interesting explanatory hypotheses to assist municipal and state leaders in crafting working plans to assist communities where base closure occurs. This dissertation intends to look into the effects on real estate property values in the wake of military base closures. The dissertation expands the study of base closure effects into a relatively new area on the fluctuation of real estate property values. An enhanced understanding of how military base closures affect real estate values will have implications for real estate investors, developers, city and county government planners, and budget directors from local school districts to state government.
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Mefford, Miriam Seveses. "Balancing Internal Controls with Change Management in the Pacific Military Unit." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7267.
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Federal government managers were advised to strengthen internal controls; the law dictates attestation of effective management controls, and the internal control program is used to detect risks. However, managers lacked preparatory training, with training being overlooked given the increased responsibilities. Managers are assigned the programmatic role regardless of the lack of program standards in knowledge, skill, and ability. The research questions addressed change management components, concepts, and core qualifications relative to program readiness. The purpose of this single case study was to identify and explore change management components contributing to the effectiveness of internal controls. The conceptual framework was based on Lewin's change concepts of unfreezing, moving or changing, and refreezing phases with the inverse principle in field theory. Thirteen professionals from the pacific military unit in Hawaii participated in semistructured interviews. Inductive coding was used to thematically analyze the data. The key results of the emerged themes illustrated how: organization skillset was used for linking change components to internal controls, assessment was a tool used for transforming a manager's concept, and experience was essential in leading change core qualifications. Significance of the study was the promotion of stronger measures in preventing fraud, waste, and mismanagement of limited resources. The research results could inspire social change by increasing communication and collaboration to benefit senior leaders, and financial and program managers. The value-added training concepts and leadership innovation, and how managing change relates to internal control could lead to program success thus benefiting all primary stakeholders.
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Bell, Mary M. "Three essays on the financial behaviors of soldiers before and after deployment." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16692.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Family Studies & Human Services
Sonya L. Britt
Briana S. Nelson-Goff
The current three essay dissertation researched the financial behaviors of military service members before and after deployment using primary data collected at a Midwestern U.S. Army installation. The introduction (Chapter 1) reviewed the two financial surveys administered to Soldiers before (N = 701) and after (N = 670) they left for a yearlong deployment to a war zone. The first essay (Chapter 2) explored the financial behaviors, financial knowledge, and financial anxiety as they relate to rank and deployment. The results suggested that financial behaviors after deployment (Time 2) were significantly better than financial behaviors before deployment (Time 1). Rank had a positive effect on increased subjective financial knowledge where all ranks above privates (E1 to E2) had greater financial knowledge. Privates first class, specialists, and corporals (E3 to E4) had significantly lower financial knowledge than their direct supervisors, sergeants and staff sergeants (E5 to E6). Finally, Soldiers reported more financial anxiety before deployment (Time 1) than after deployment (Time 2). Using the framework of social learning theory, the second essay (Chapter 3) expanded the research of military financial behaviors before deployment to more fully understand stress and other factors that influence financial behavior outcomes. Results suggested that past behaviors and some personal factors played a significant role in Soldiers’ financial behaviors. Higher levels of subjective financial knowledge, more internal locus of control, and lower levels of financial anxiety all had a positive effect on financial behavior outcomes. The past behaviors variable had the most explanatory value in Soldiers’ financial behaviors before deployment. Soldiers with any amount of credit card debt had worse financial behaviors compared to Soldiers with no credit card debt, while Soldiers with greater amounts of emergency financial savings were more likely to have better financial behaviors than those who did not have any emergency financial savings. The final essay (Chapter 4) studied the factors that influenced financial behavior outcomes of both Soldiers and college students. This essay used primary data from a college student sample to compare to the before deployment (Time 1) survey data of Soldiers. Findings reported that past behaviors and some personal factors played a significant role in the financial behavior outcomes. Soldiers and college students with higher levels of subjective financial knowledge, more internal locus of control, and lower financial anxiety reported positive financial behaviors The most explanatory concept was that of past behaviors, which revealed that participants with no credit card debt had better financial behaviors compared to respondents who had any level of credit card debt. The conclusion (Chapter 5) highlights the findings of all three essays, which contribute both to the financial behavior literature. These papers also contribute to the research on the personal financial matters of service members. The research has direct implications for policy makers, military leaders, service providers, and financial planners and counselors.
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Perrin, James K. Jr. ""Knavish Charges, Numerous Contractors, and a Devouring Monster": The Supply of the U.S. Army and Its Impact Upon Economic Policy, 1775-1815." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462407701.
Full textBooks on the topic "Military finance"
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Budahn, P. J. Military money guide. Mechanicsburg, Pa: Stackpole Books, 1996.
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Rosa, Juan Miguel Teijeiro de la. La real Hacienda Militar de Fernando VII: El Cuerpo Administrativo Militar. Madrid: Ministerio de Defensa, 1995.
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Schelhase, Marc. The Political Economy of Risk in Finance and the Military. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11968-2.
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United States. General Accounting Office. National Security and International Affairs Division, ed. Military sales' cash flow financing. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1994.
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Howell, Terry. Military advantage: Guide to military and veterans benefits. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2010.
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Wolf, Charles. Developing improved deflators for defense research and development. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1993.
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Pint, Ellen M. Financial condition of U.S. military aircraft prime contractors. Santa Monica, CA: Rand, 1994.
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Hamlin, Michael Stephen. Military millionaires: Personal financial stories shared by members of the US military and definitions of modern investment tools. Panama City, FL: Michael S. Hamlin, 2013.
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Melville, Alan. Taxation: Finance Act 2009. New York: Financial Times/Prentice Hall, 2010.
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Finkel, Caroline. The administration of warfare: The Ottoman military campaigns in Hungary, 1593-1606. Wien: VWGÖ, 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Military finance"
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Smith, Duncan. "Military." In Contributions to Finance and Accounting, 295–306. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10063-5_10.
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Carlson, Mary Bell, Jeffrey S. Nelson, and William L. Skimmyhorn. "Military Personal Finance Research." In Handbook of Consumer Finance Research, 251–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28887-1_21.
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Kagan, Frederick W. "Finance and Administration, 1833–1836." In The Military Reforms of Nicholas I, 163–88. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-38548-5_8.
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Kagan, Frederick W. "Finance and Administration, 1833–1836." In The Military Reforms of Nicholas I, 163–88. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780312299576_8.
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Hanlon, Gregory. "War finance in the classical age 1689–1720." In European Military Rivalry, 1500–1750, 254–71. Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429428913-13.
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Maier, Charles S. "Finance and Defense: Implications of Military Integration 1950–1952." In NATO: The Founding of the Atlantic Alliance and the Integration of Europe, 335–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21991-9_16.
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Braithwaite, John. "Containment of Crises." In Simple Solutions to Complex Catastrophes, 51–75. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48747-7_3.
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AbstractVirtuous path dependency of regulatory preparedness, welfare preparedness, and market preparedness are needed for crisis responsiveness. Acting alone, strong markets that put a price on carbon fail to tame climate change without prosecution of carbon fraud and without state closures of power plants and carbon-intensive production lines. Responsive regulation of powerful interests is imperative because of gaming catastrophe through organizational power. The military-industrial complex games war to sell weapons. High finance games tax and market rules to make the fabric of law more complex, widening gaps between rich and poor. Industrial capital games environmental enforcement and carbon pricing by carbon fraud, offsets fraud, and greenwashing. Big pharma games patents, monopolizing profiteering from pandemics, widening rich–poor health gaps.
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"MILITARY FINANCE." In The Bishops' Wars, 111–51. Cambridge University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511560545.004.
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"5. Budget and Finance." In Modernizing China’s Military, 184–224. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520938106-009.
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"I. Military Assistance." In Surveys of U.S. International Finance, 1952, 5–54. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781400887699-004.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Military finance"
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Jia, Lu, Pu Zhao, and Qian Li. "Research and application of business finance integration solution for military manufacturing." In CSSE 2022: 2022 5th International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3569966.3570042.
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Pernica, Bohuslav. "CZECH CIVILIAN UNIVERSITIES MAKE MILITARY UNIVERSITY REDUNDANT: LAST TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT." In SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on POLITICAL SCIENCES, LAW, FINANCE, ECONOMICS AND TOURISM. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b21/s4.011.
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E., GIRCHENKO. "FRONTIER DOCUMENTATION OF THE NORTH-WEST OF THE HUN EMPIRE." In MODERN SOLUTIONS TO CURRENT PROBLEMS OF EURASIAN ARCHEOLOGY. Altai State Univercity, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/msapea.2023.3.64.
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During the Western Hun period (206 BCE - 9 CE) in the Hexi corridor after the victory of the Hun army over the Xiongnu, four new prefectures were formed. The main source of information about these garrison towns are wooden slips - hanjian. There are more than 80,000 hanjian discovered within the modern Gansu province. These are lists of soldiers; accounting books of administrative and military tasks; finance calculations; records of the issuance of clothing, rations; documents of officials and imperial decrees, trade transactions, etc. Their translation and correlation with the main written sources make it possible to reconstruct the specifics of trade contacts with nomadic peoples, the peculiarities of administrative management and daily routine in northwest China at the turn of common era.
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Sandholm, Tuomas. "Super-Human AI for Strategic Reasoning: Beating Top Pros in Heads-Up No-Limit Texas Hold'em." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/4.
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Poker has been a challenge problem in AI and game theory for decades. As a game of imperfect information it involves obstacles not present in games like chess and Go, and requires totally different techniques. No program had been able to beat top players in large poker games. Until now! In January 2017, our AI, Libratus, beat a team of four top specialist professionals in heads-up no-limit Texas hold'em, which has 10^161 decision points. This game is the main benchmark challenge for imperfect-information game solving. Libratus is the only AI that has beat top humans at this game. Libratus is powered by new algorithms in each of its three main modules: 1. computing blueprint (approximate Nash equilibrium) strategies before the event, 2. novel nested endgame solving during play, and 3. fixing its own strategy to play even closer to equilibrium based on what holes the opponents have been able to identify and exploit. These domain-independent algorithms have potential applicability to a variety of real-world imperfect-information games such as negotiation, business strategy, cybersecurity, physical security, military applications, strategic pricing, product portfolio planning, certain areas of finance, auctions, political campaigns, and steering biological adaptation and evolution, for example, for medical treatment planning.
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Toprak, Nuri Gökhan. "From Embargo to Blockade: An Evaluation of the United States Sanctions against Iran in the Context of the Use of Economic Impact Tools in Foreign Poli." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02219.
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The concept of influence can be defined as a tool of international actors, a form of power, the ability to overcome obstacles in order to achieve different purposes or the desired result in the process of power relations established between actors in international politics. According to the approach that aims to reach the concept of influence as the desired result, in the process of setting up influence states try to influence each other through different methods and tools in which can be used through states’ own capacities. In addition to political and military tools, economic impact tools related to the field of foreign trade and finance are frequently used today. Economic impact tools, such as external aid, which may be positive or rewarding, may also be negative or punitive in a range from the boycott to the blockade. The study aims to provide a qualitative assessment of the United States' (US) economic sanctions against Iran in the context of the use of economic impact tools in international politics. In order to achieve this aim, 12 executive orders issued by the US on the grounds that Iran poses a threat to its national security, foreign policy and economy will be examined. In the conclusion of the study, the assumption that the US sanctions against Iran almost for 40 years has become a multilateral structure such as commercial and financial blockade from a structure related to bilateral relations such as boycott and embargo will be tested.
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Apak, Sudi, and Selin Kozan. "The Impact of Ukraine Crisis's on Turkey and Ukraine’s Economic Relationship." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01262.
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After the breakup of the Soviet Union and independence declaration of Ukraine in 1991, as in the other Soviet countries, Ukraine has left a heavy industrial based economy with an insufficient technology. Trade relations with Turkey gained momentum in 2004 and has continued its growing until today. This trade relationship has a complementary role and mostly based on intermediate good export. Turkey is the second largest export volume partner of Ukraine and providing the largest trade surplus for Ukraine. Ukraine economy is very sensitive to foreign trade fluctuations, therefore in the 2009 global crisis, Turkey’s trade volume with Ukraine declined more than two times. In 2014, military conflict in the East, Russian trade restrictions, the Hryvnia depreciation and tight fiscal austerity measures have exacerbated the existing macroeconomic challenges of Ukraine and pushed the country into its deepest recession since 2009.
This study analyses the Ukraine crisis effects on its economic situation and effects on the Turkey and Ukraine’s economic relationship by using statistical methods. Data sources are: National Bank of Ukraine, State Statistics Service of Ukraine, Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, Trade Statistics for International Business Development, National Bank of Turkey, Turkish Exporters Assembly, Turkish Statistical Institute.
Turkey, as a country has earned trusts of both Ukraine and Russia, is able to lead a peacekeeping force in Ukraine. Furthermore, Turkey should evaluate the possibilities to provide a credit line to Ukraine and it would be useful for Turkey to search the other markets and trade conditions as well.
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Mugnai, Francesco, Paolo Farina, and Grazia Tucci. "INTEGRATING LASER SCANNING AND GEO-MECHANICAL SURVEY IN CONSERVATIVE RESTORATION; THE CASE OF FIRST WORLD WAR’S CIMA GRAPPA MILITARY SHRINE, ITALY." In ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 9th International Congress & 3rd GEORES - GEOmatics and pREServation. Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia: Editorial Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica9.2021.12185.
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The work presents results obtained performing a survey campaign specifically designed to formulate an effective restoration project in a critical context. Within the remarkable project, promoted and financed by the Italian Presidency of the Council of the Ministers, and the Italian Ministry of Defence, for designing the conservative restoration plan of the Military Shrine in Cima Grappa (Italy), the assessment of the overall tunnels’ stability and a report of the state of conservation of the underground area has been produced. Exploiting the most advanced laser scanning survey technique, and some specific algorithms for point cloud analysis, several outputs have been generated, in particular a detailed geometrical 3D reconstructions of man-made and natural tunnels coating materials, geo-mechanical survey of rock mass, map of rock collapses and cinematic analysis of instability processes. The integration of Laser Scanning technique with the most commonly used Scan-line survey for rock-mass characterization and architectural surveys, allowed to perform advances analysis even in a high-risk study area as the one considered in the restoration project, which is represented by a predominant subterranean development. Most of the tunnels and underground spaces, displayed rock collapses and diffuse active instability processes that certainly could have drastically slowed down surveys and analysis. The adopted techniques allowed to rapidly proceed in acquiring data end to deliver sound outputs. This paper aims to report both a general description of the project, spending some words on the historical value of the place and describing the complex environment of work, and a detailed depiction of the performed survey activities with particular attention in showing laser scanning survey and the obtained results.
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Fratini, Fabio, Manuela Mattone, and Silvia Rescic. "The building materials of “Colle del Melogno” Central Fort (Liguria, Italy)." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11544.
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The Melogno pass (Colle del Melogno) is located at 1026 m above sea level, between the high Val Bormida and the hinterland of the Finalese (province of Savona) and is one of the highest mountain passes in the Ligurian Alps. In ancient times, this zone was considered strategically important from the military point of view since it is located at the crossroads of many communication routes. In these areas, in November 1795, during the “Battle of Loano”, the French army, commanded by Andrea Massena and the allied army of Austria, prevailed over the Kingdom of Sardinia, led by Oliver Remigius von Wallis. However, the territory remained possession of the Kingdom of Sardinia and, between 1883 and 1895, the worsening of relations with France induced the government to erect, near the pass, three imposing fortifications (Tortagna, Settepani and Centrale) to prevent an entry into Piedmont by armies coming from the coast. For the same purpose other fortifications were erected near the passes of Tenda, Nava, Turchino and near the villages of Zuccarello, Altare and Vado. The most impressive among the three fortifications of Melogno pass is the Central Fort. It occupies all the saddle of the pass and it is crossed by the provincial road 490 connecting the coast of Finale Ligure to Piedmont. The fort, still of military property, is a listed historical artefact. It has a polygonal shape, with a main barrack developed on two floors. Four defensive and attacking emplacements were located outside the main complex, along a detached hill, with heavy artillery pointed towards the coast. The study will examine the natural and artificial stone materials used for the building through mineralogical and petrographic analysis and will verify both the variations occurred during the construction phases and the relations with the local supply sources.
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Слабинский, В. Ю., and Н. М. Воищева. "MODERN PSYCHOTHERAPY AS AN ELEMENT OF PROACTIVE SOFT POWER." In Антология российской психотерапии и психологии. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2023.66.19.001.
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Начало специальной военной операции на Украине по демилитаризации и денацификации привело к яркому проявлению целого ряда трендов в самых разных областях жизни. Одним из таких трендов стала культура отмены русскости во всех ее проявлениях (культурном, научном, историческом и др.), что свидетельствует о трансформации военной доктрины и формировании новых театров военных действий, среди которых особое значение приобретает сфера информационно-психологического противоборства. Еще в 1960 году Е. Э. Месснер (1891-1974) предсказал, что в ХХI веке главным театром военных действий станет ментальная сфера. Принято различать жесткую силу (hard power) и мягкую силу (soft power). Жесткая сила связана с использованием метода кнута и пряника для получения желаемого результата. Мягкая сила (soft power) дает возможность привлекать людей на свою сторону без применения насилия. В США, Германии, Великобритании и некоторых других западных странах методы психотерапии рассматриваются как элементы мягкой силы, направленной на формирование прозападного мировоззрения и системы ценностей. Продвижение определенных психотерапевтических методов на территории Восточной Европы, Постсоветского пространства и Китая финансируется западными фондами, аффилированными с государственными структурами. Так можно вспомнить, что на Украине западная психотерапия начала массово укореняться при поддержке различных западных фондов и институтов, начиная примерно с 2005, а в Белоруссии – с 2012 года. В апреле 2022 года в ВКонтакте нами был проведен опрос российских психотерапевтов «Уважаемые коллеги, способны ли Вы отличить Добро от Зла?», в котором принял участие 86 специалистов. Выборка носила случайный характер. Почти 40% респондентов признали, что не в состоянии отличить Добро от Зла. В ситуации, когда основным актуальным запросом клиентов является выработка собственной позиции по отношению к СВО на Украине, данный показатель свидетельствует о растерянности самих специалистов, работающих в западных психотерапевтических подходах. Для решения проблемы необходимо снятие негласного общественного запрета на разработку российских методик мировоззренческой психотерапии (для западных специалистов таких ограничений нет) и развитие проактивности у психотерапевтов и психологов-консультантов. The start of a special military operation in Ukraine on demilitarization and denazification led to a bright manifestation of a number of trends in a variety of areas of life. One of these trends was the culture of the abolition of Russianism in all its manifestations (cultural, scientific, historical, etc.), which shows the transformation of military doctrine and the formation of new theaters of war, among which the sphere of information and psychological confrontation is of particular importance. Back in 1960, E. E. Messner (1891-1974) predicted that in the 21st century the mental sphere would become the main theater of military operations. It is customary to distinguish between hard power and soft power. Hard power is associated with using the carrot and sticks method to produce the desired result. Soft power makes it possible to attract people to your side without the use of violence. In the USA, Germany, Great Britain and some other Western countries, psychotherapy methods are seen as elements of soft power aimed at forming a pro-Western worldview and value system. The promotion of certain psychotherapeutic methods in Eastern Europe, post- Soviet countries and China is financed by Western funds affiliated with government agencies. Therefore, we can recall that western psychotherapy in Ukraine began to take root in the population with the support of various western foundations and institutions, starting around 2005, and in Belarus since 2012 In April 2022, on VKontakte, we conducted a survey of Russian psychotherapists "Dear colleagues, are you able to distinguish Good from Evil?" 86 specialists participated in the survey. The sample group was random. Almost 40% of respondents admitted that they were unable to distinguish Good from Evil. In a situation where the main urgent request of clients is to develop their own position in relation to a special military operation in Ukraine, this indicator shows the confusion of the specialists themselves working in western psychotherapeutic approaches. In order to solve the problem, it is necessary to remove the unspoken public ban on the development of Russian methods of worldview psychotherapy (there are no such restrictions for western specialists) and the development of proactive psychotherapists and psychologists-consultants.
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Mitrea, Geta. "FUNDING SOURCES FOR NEW TRENDS IN SECURITY AND DEFENSE EDUCATION." In eLSE 2020. University Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-20-028.
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The lines of external source funding in the field of security and defense are varied, offering a multitude of possibilities for specialists in the field who wish to access projects with non-reimbursable financing for ideas that cannot be financed from internal sources. The funding opportunities come in response to the needs of the security and defense institutions and offer a precise solution on certain areas that have deficiencies both nationally and at European level. An example is the one of the higher education institutions in the field of security and defense that want to open the gates for the mutual exchanges of study experience for the students of the bachelor, master or doctorate and for which the necessity of carrying out an internship of documentation and/or research is required within a similar institution abroad. At present, the financing lines on which the national military universities can access projects are EEA Grants, ERASMUS +, structural funds without being limited to them. Higher education institutions in Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein are an example of good practice in security and defense that can be multiplied and adapted to the needs of European Union member countries. This is one of the reasons for the possibility of financing projects for priority areas. In addition, exchanges of experience between students and teachers between institutions in these countries can help to identify sustainable long-term solutions. The projects with non-reimbursable financing represent a viable solution in the short and medium term in order to stimulate the personnel of the security and defense institutions to be creative and constructive in a society that has a constantly changing dynamic.
Reports on the topic "Military finance"
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Tian, Nan, Diego Lopes da Silva, and Xiao Liang. Using Taxation to Fund Military Spending. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/xlej7426.
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World military expenditure is on the rise. To fund their increases in military spending, options available to governments include tax, debt or revenue from natural resources. Each form of financing has its consequences, economic, political or social. Tax is the prevalent source of finance for governments. The use of tax, and the choice among different types of tax, can have an impact on income inequality and economic growth, among other things. However, no scholarly attention has yet been paid to the use of taxation to fund military spending. Using statistical analysis combined with in-depth case studies sheds light on this use of taxation. The findings—based on data for 100 countries between 1990 and 2020 and reinforced by detailed case studies on Burundi and Ukraine—show that countries in conflict tend to resort to indirect taxation to fund military expenditure. This is particularly true for low-income countries and for countries with an autocratic regime. This association can be consequential, considering the accumulated evidence on the impacts of indirect taxation on income inequality.
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Cooper, Julian. Implementation of the Russian Federal Budget during January–July 2022 and Spending on the Military. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/stmi3484.
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The Russian government has provided little information on military expenditure during the war with Ukraine that started in late February 2022. The Ministry of Finance stopped publishing detailed data on the implementation of the budget in April. However, for a brief period in August and September, the Federal Treasury did issue its usual reports on budget spending during the first half of the year and then to 1 August. The reports are very revealing—and, at first sight, surprising—on actual spending and permit some analysis of the Russian government’s commitment of resources to what it has termed a ‘special military operation’. Unfortunately, the Federal Treasury removed the reports from its website in mid September and, with the decision on 21 September to adopt a partial mobilization, it is unlikely that the publication of detailed reports on budget spending will be resumed for some time.
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Bunse, Simone, Elise Remling, Anniek Barnhoorn, Manon du Bus de Warnaffe, Karen Meijer, and Dominik Rehbaum. Mapping European Union Member States’ Responses to Climate-related Security Risks. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/htdn6668.
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This SIPRI Research Policy Paper identifies European Union (EU) member states’ efforts to address climate-related security risks in the short to medium term and suggests entry points for further action. Even countries making visible attempts to mainstream the linkages between climate and security are falling short of pursuing a comprehensive approach. Among the ongoing initiatives that might bear fruit in one to three years are: appointing climate security advisers; climate proofing peacebuilding and conflict proofing climate action; investing in early warning and risk mapping; reassessing climate financing and development aid; and building up the operational resilience of the military. Strengthening such efforts would involve: incorporating climate insecurity into foreign and security policy dialogues; increasing conflict-sensitive climate adaptation finance; sensitization to climate change and conflict; and improving the operationalization of early warning. To remain credible, EU member states must advance their climate security initiatives and close the gap between rhetoric and practice.
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Zhytaryuk, Marian. Агресія росії проти України і світу. Рефлексії в контексті виправдання війни д. мєдвєдєвим та в. путіним 4 листопада 2022 р. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11744.
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In this article the author analyzes in detail the “holiday” speeches by the former president of the russian federation dmitry medvedev and the current president vladimir putin devoted to the day of national unity of russia on November 4, 2022, in which politicians justify the war, call it sacred, a struggle between Good and Evil and predict their own victory. With the help of methods of critical analysis, the refutation of historical myths, the denial, an exposure and the generalization, the falsity and cynicism of the statements made regarding the expediency and possibility of geopolitical changes are demonstrated. The civilizational war of the russian federation against the Western democratic world, which began with aggression against the disobedience of neighboring Ukraine, which chose the Western vector of development, is gaining momentum. It would seem that in the 21st century global conflicts over territories are almost impossible, it is the time for the fourth-generation of war, but we can see that russia has various means in its arsenal, including weapons of mass destruction: aerial bombs, artillery, aviation, missile attacks, nuclear blackmail, rewriting history and ordinary lies. An analysis of the kremlin leaders’ military-strategic narratives about Ukraine and the West, shows the inadequacy and detachment of moscow politicians at the highest echelon of power from reality. Their aggressive and false rhetoric based on historical manipulations and maniacal efforts to transform the world order suggests that the kremlin will not stop on its own. Someone must stop him just decisively: either Ukraine or Ukraine’s allies. Sanction policy against the russian federation, political statements and words of support for Ukraine, even assistance with military equipment and finances may not be enough, because all these are certain procedures, a waste of time, and time today is the greatest value. Key words: Ukraine, russian federation, russian aggression, dmitry medvedev, vladimir putin, geopolitics.
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Hori, Tsuneki, Sergio Lacambra Ayuso, Ana María Torres, Ginés Suarez, Claudio Osorio, Marion Khamis, Haris Sanahuja, and Ernesto Visconti. Índice de Gobernabilidad y Políticas Públicas en Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres (iGOPP): Informe Nacional de la República Dominicana. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010085.
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Los primeros esfuerzos hacia marcos normativos e institucionales para la gestión del riesgo de desastres en la República Dominicana se originan en la década de 1960s, bajo la órbita de la Defensa Civil, a partir de un modelo de gestión orientado exclusivamente hacia la respuesta, y con un enfoque similar al resto de las instancias de Defensa Civil de Latinoamérica, derivadas de los aparatos militares preexistentes. En la década de los 1990s, bajo el impulso de los marcos internacionales en el tema, se hicieron intentos para avanzar en enfoques sistémicos más integrales, pero no se materializaron. Es en el contexto de la respuesta a los impactos asociados al Huracán George, que se promueve el proceso de formulación y aprobación en septiembre de 2002 de la Ley 147 sobre Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres, con la cual se introduce un enfoque integral de gestión de riesgo de desastres en el país. La implementación de la Ley 147 estuvo en cierta manera limitada hasta la aprobación del Reglamento de Aplicación de la Ley 147 en el 2009, que amplía los roles y asigna responsabilidades más concretas para las instancias de coordinación e instrumentos de aplicación del marco de políticas introducido por la Ley. No obstante estos avances, existen vacíos importantes en políticas transversales relevantes para la gestión del riesgo, como la gestión de recursos hídricos, que todavía no establecen objetivos relacionados con la gestión del riesgo de desastres o con la adaptación al cambio climático. De la misma manera, procesos claves para la definición de responsabilidades de GRD a nivel territorial todavía están limitados por la falta de un marco normativo y regulador de los procesos de ordenamiento territorial en el país. Los resultados de la aplicación del Índice de Gobernabilidad y Políticas Públicas (iGOPP) para la Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres (GRD) en la República Dominicana arrojan un nivel general de avance todavía "incipiente", con un cumplimiento del 27.59%. El análisis por component de políticas públicas para la GRD revela progresos diferenciales, donde se destacan los avances en el "marco general de gobernabilidad para la gestión de riesgo", con un cumplimiento del 43%, y vacíos más notorios en los componentes de "planificación de la recuperación post-desastre" (21%) y "protección financier" (cumplimiento del 7%). Por otro lado, el análisis de los resultados del iGOPP por fases de la política pública, también revela niveles de avances que van de apreciables a bajos para las cinco facetas de las fases de políticas evaluadas, donde el avance más notorio se encuentra en la "definición de responsabilidad territoriales" (cumplimiento del 41%), pero con vacíos importantes en los aspectos relacionados con "evidencias de progreso en la implementación" (cumplimiento del 12%).