Journal articles on the topic 'Military Cantonment'
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1
WALD, ERICA. "Health, Discipline and Appropriate Behaviour: the Body of the Soldier and Space of the Cantonment." Modern Asian Studies 46, no. 4 (November 25, 2011): 815–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000746.
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AbstractAnxiety about the intemperance and misbehaviour of the European soldiery in nineteenth century India prompted a raft of regulations which not only imposed a punitive regime on those living and working in and around the cantonments, but prompted an extension of military space. This paper specifically examines the methods and levels of control—both of which existed and were attempted in and around the cantonment. These ranged from regulations enacted to order the physical space of the cantonment, to calls for a more direct control over the bodies of the soldiers themselves as well as the numerous others who occupied the land. Crucially for this argument, moral and medical concerns were of critical importance in moulding this ordering. However, as this paper argues, social and class perceptions of the men—and the fear of provoking their wrath—dictated what officers and officials felt was legally possible. The various ways in which the military and government imposed order on the cantonment (or attempted to do so) had serious implications for the shaping of the empire itself and European understanding of its inhabitants.
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Raj, Jamuna. "Regulationist Measures: Prostitution and Politics in the State of Mysore." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.45.7.
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The paper explores official policies towards Prostitution and the spread of Venereal Diseases in the Cantonment and Mysore Provinces. A medico-military discourse emerged in the Cantonment with the spread of Sexually Transmitted Diseases among white troopers. Transgressive sex was tolerated despite prostitutes being considered a receptacle of diseases. In not recognizing the dynamics of disease transmission, regulatory measures and race, sex, and class-bias blatantly vilified prostitutes. Though civilian spaces in the State of Karnataka were not as complex, regulations were enforced in tandem with the Cantonment during the colonial rule. Consequently, after the independence, the State’s measures were coincidental with the social purity movement’s censure of Devadasis.
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Muhammad Namadi, Muktar, and Afeez Oyeshola Jimoh. "Analysis of Institutional Solid Waste Generation and Disposal in Afaka Military Cantonment Kaduna." International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy 8, no. 5 (2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20200805.12.
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Anwarul Hoque, Muhammad, Nazmin Rahman, and Mohammad Khalid Mahmud. "Safe Food Practices among the Regimental Food Handlers of Selected Military Unit." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 16, no. 1 (June 7, 2021): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v16i1.53844.
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Introduction: Food safety is a key public health concern. Food handlers play an important role in ensuring food safety throughout the chain of preparation, storage and serving. Aim: To assess the food safety practice level among the food handlers of selected unit messes in Dhaka Cantonment. Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the food handlers of selected unit messes in Dhaka Cantonment from January 2013 to December 2013. A total of 133 food handlers were selected following convenient sampling technique. Data were collected by face to face interview using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire and check list. All completed questionnaires were validated manually and data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) verson 15.0 by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In this study, the food handlers had a mean age of 32.94 years; all were male and Muslim. Regarding educational qualification, majority (42.9%) were between class VI to X and 80.5% were married. The mean monthly income of the participants was taka 17,115.8 and 53.4% belonged to nuclear family. Majority (65.4%) of the participants were cook and 39.8% had family members between 4-5 persons. It was found that out of all food handlers 12% had good, 78.9% had average and 9.0% had poor food safety practice status. Descriptive statistics revealed that occupation, education and marital status played a major role for food safety practice level. Conclusion: Efforts need to be taken to improve the awareness among the food handlers. Safety practices and further studies are recommended on determinants of non-compliance to safety practices by the food handlers. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 65-68
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Arlukevich, Aliaksandr B. "Cantonment of troops and housing service in Belarus (mid 1850s – mid 1870s)." Journal of the Belarusian State University. History, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 36–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2021-1-36-58.
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The article reveals the essence of one of the phenomena of the era of Alexander’s reforms which on the scale of the Russian Empire was most common in Belarus but until now has not become the subject of research by Belarusian historians. According to the sources identified in the archives and book repositories of Belarus, Russia, Lithuania the military post due to the special geostrategic position of the Belarusian provinces in the mid 1850s – mid 1870s was an integral attribute of the daily life of hundreds of thousands of their inhabitants. In the present study is the first to assess the extent of involvement of the population in Belarusian provinces in support of troops of the Russian Empire housing allowance, sets out the principles and forms of army civilian infrastructure and food within the housing service, the role of local civil administration and selfgovernment in the cantonment of the troops on the ground. For the first time most of the used ones are mentioned.
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Hossain, AKM Alamgir, ASM Zulfiquer Ali, Sayeda Nazrina, and Nusrat Hossain. "Nutritional Status of Under Five Years Children in Rangpur Cantonment." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 15, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 168–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v15i2.50832.
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Introduction: Nutrition is an important factor because of its role in preventing disease and infant survival and growth. Malnutrition and diseases are interlinked with each other and a great problem in all countries of the developing world.
Objectives: To assess the nutritional status of the under five year's children in Rangpur Cantonment.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done in Children Welfare Centre (CWC) of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Rangpur from July to August 2018. A total of 50 under five years children were selected and a structured questionnaire was used keeping the focus on socioeconomic status, dietary habits, hygiene practices, and anthropometric indices of the children.
Results: Out of 50 children, 60% were male and 40% were female. About 26% of children were in the 36 to 48 months of age group. About 50% were in the height group of >100 cm, 34.0% were in the height group of 91-100 cm, 16% were in the height group up to 90 cm, 48.0% were in the weight group of 12.1-16 kg, 34.0% were in the weight group of 16 kg, 10%were in the weight group of 10.1-12 kg and 8%were in the weight group below 10 kg.
Conclusion: In this study, 20% of cases were stunted and 80% of cases were not stunted and no wasted case was found and the overall prevalence of malnutrition in the Rangpur cantonment was low. A further in-depth study is recommended to draw conclusive inferences.
JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 2 (December) 2019: 168-170
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Rahman, Irtika, ATMA Rustom, Farzana Zafreen, and Md Abdul Wahab. "Prevalence of Overweight among Military Personnel of a Selected Bangladesh Army Unit." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 14, no. 2 (March 10, 2020): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v14i2.45908.
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Introduction: Overweight are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, but prevalence data on these conditions are not readily available among military personnel in Bangladesh. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of overweight and its association with sociodemographic characteristics among military personnel in a unit of Bangladesh Army.
Objectives: The aim of the present study was therefore to determine the prevalence of overweight/obesity among military personnel in a military unit of Jalalabad cantonment and also to investigate their association with selected sociodemographic characteristics.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 385 military personnel. Height weight, BMI were assessed using standardized procedures.
Results: Prevalence of overweight was 54(14%) and n
one of the participants were obese or underweight. Overweight status was significantly (p<0.05) higher among 30-45 years of age group and JCOs. No significant association was found with other socio-demographic characteristics.
Conclusion: Though overall prevalence of overweight was low among military personnel because of their physical hardship and training. But it is significantly higher among the JCOs and younger age groups. Life style modification and education on appropriate diet and physical exercise during formal and informal sessions may be advised.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.14 (2) 2018: 193-196
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Chowdhury, Md Ismail, Md Delwar Hossain, SM Mijanur Rahman, and Mohammad Ariful Islam Miah. "Epidemiological Study on Acute Viral Hepatitis Outbreak in Chattogram Cantonment Area." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 16, no. 1 (June 7, 2021): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v16i1.53837.
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Introduction: Acute viral hepatitis (AVH) incidence had suddenly increased at Artillery Centre and School (AC&S) at Halishahore under Chattogram (Ctg) cantonment area from 16 April 2018 to 25 June 2018. Total 1304 cases of AVH got admitted and received treatment from Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Ctg during that period. Aim: To find out the incidence, cause, predisposing factors, clinical course and to prevent such outbreaks in future. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted from 16 April 2018 to 25 June 2018. Total 1304 acute viral hepatitis cases were studied for epidemiological analysis to find out the causes, mode of spread, laboratory findings and outcome. Results: Among 1304 AVH cases 90% belonged to age group of 18-45 years and most of them were combatants and the age range was 5 to 60 years with mean age 30.31±11.29 years. HEV was 99% etiological factor and patients’ hospital stay were 10 to 55 days. Thirteen cases developed hepatic encephalopathy, 01 case developed acute pancreatitis and 108 cases had thrombocytopenia. No specific source of contamination was detected within AC&S, although coliform bacteria were identified in drinking water supplied to the area by WASA of Ctg city. Conclusion: We came to the conclusion that the source of infection was contaminated water supplied by WASA of Chattogram city. As we had also found that high incidence of AVH due to HEV were prevailing in Ctg city area during the same period of the outbreak. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 15, No 1 (June) 2020: 3-7
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Barsi, Béla. "El origen de la familia Rodriguez del Banato a través de la historia militar del siglo XVIII el ascendiente español." Acta Hispanica 22 (January 1, 2017): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/actahisp.2017.22.121-136.
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The author – the descendant of the brothers Ödön (Barsi) and Endre Rodriguez who managed to be successful in the Hungarian cultural life and who were the descendants of the Rodriguez family from Banat – during a nonprofessional research of various decades reveals the Spanish ancestors of the family. During the research he used the oral tradition and the relatively few written documents, preserved objects. The military history of the 18th century played an important role in the research because this was the principal cause of the Spanish migration in Hungary. However, without reading the basic work of the historian Zoltán Fallenbüchl (Spaniards in Hungary in the 18th century) this research would not have managed its goal. Considering the fact that the study mentions the cantonment of the regiment of Alcaudate around 1717 and following this lead, the inspection online of the registers of Osijek was started. This was that brought the desired success with the statement of the Hungarian delegation of the Military Archive of Wien where a person called Antonio de Rodriguez is mentioned who was lieutenant, then captain and who before his death in the battlefield, established his family in Banat.
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Shcherbinin, Pavel, Svetlana Bukalova, and Aleksei Chubarov. "Central Black Earth Region: the military class and its role in regional development." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 183 (2019): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2019-24-183-193-203.
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We consider the multifactorial effects of the military class, including the soldiers of the Russian army and their families, as well as indefinite, spare and retired soldiers, military disabled, on the social and cultural, ethnic and confessional, social and class development of the Central Black Earth Region. Included in it Voronezh, Kursk, Orel and Tambov Governorates were the largest densely populated, agricultural regions, traditionally used by the government for military procurement, cantonment of troops and other military mobilization activities in the Russian Em-pire in the 18th – early 20th century. The military factor had almost continuous impact on all as-pects of life of the Central Black Earth Region population, forming in its inhabitants a special character, endurance and stamina, which allowed to be quite successful in a peaceful, “non-military” life. We give the evaluation of historiographical approaches and interpretation of sources on the role of the military class in the Center Black Earth Region development in domestic and foreign historiography. We pay special attention to the impact of recruitment on the daily life of the population in the cities of the region and rural areas. We reveal the historical and legal aspects of changes in the legal status of male and female representatives of the “military class” in the agrarian society in the Imperial Russia. We clarify military and statistical indicators of military class representation in the social structure of the provincial society during the period of conscript obligation and in post-reform Russia, as well as the complexity of accounting for family members of military servicemen during the service and after retirement. The involvement of archival docu-ments, statistical and other published materials allowed for a successful reconstruction of the so-cial and legal regulation and the position of the military class in the Center Black Earth Region of the considered chronological period. We draw conclusions about the prospects of studying the post-reform ethnic and social, social and cultural, class and legal features of the military class life in a non-belligerent provincial society. We prove that the military class was a special social institu-tion in the Russian province of the Imperial period of Russian history.
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Rahman, Mohammad Mizanur, Monwarul Aziz, Mohammad Mohsin, Maksuda Begum, Bazlur Rahman, Afroza Akter, Abdullah-Al Baki, and Md Asaduzzaman. "A 1½ year old girl with excessive bleeding following accidental trauma to the upper labial frenum during playing." Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 11, no. 2 (May 29, 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v11i2.36521.
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<p><span>This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below:</span></p><p>A 1½ year old girl of a consanguineous parents was brought to the emergency and casualty department of a secondary care military hospital in Chattogram Cantonment (South-East part of Bangladesh), Chattogram, Bangladesh at 0100 hours on 19<sup>th</sup> January 2018 by her parents with the complaints of excessive bleeding following accidental trauma to the upper labial frenum during playing for the last six hours. The duty medical officer attended the patient and took detail history. The doctor came to know that the baby got accidental trauma to the upper labial frenum during playing at 2130 hours on 18<sup>th</sup> January 2018 followed by excessive bleeding from the injury site.</p>
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Smith, John David. "Finding “pax plantation” at Camp Gordon, Georgia: Historian Ulrich Bonnell Phillips and World War I." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 13, no. 4 (October 2014): 564–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781414000413.
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This article examines the World War I service of the University of Michigan historian Ulrich Bonnell Phillips (1877–1934). Phillips worked first with black recruits as a volunteer officer for the Young Men's Christian Association at Camp Gordon, Georgia, and later as a U.S. Army Military Intelligence officer in Washington, DC. In these years, Phillips ranked as America's foremost authority on the antebellum South generally and of African American slavery in particular. In 1918 he published his landmarkAmerican Negro Slavery. While on leave from Ann Arbor, Phillips taught English and French, planned educational and recreational programs, and supervised the management and construction of buildings at Camp Gordon's segregated facilities. Phillips's daily interactions with black troops in the cantonment reaffirmed—at least as he saw it—his conclusions that North American slavery had been a relatively benign institution, his belief in the virtues of plantation paternalism and in the management of subject peoples by educated whites, and his attitude that contemporary race relations were generally harmonious. Phillips's observations of African American recruits validated his conviction that blacks benefited most from white-run, regimented organizations and strengthened his belief in economic assimilation and social segregation. His military intelligence work confirmed Phillips's overall commitment to conservative change, whether in foreign or race relations.
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Kabir, SM Humayun, Md Ziaul Islam, Masuda Begum, Masud Ahmed, Mohammad Mohsin, Ishrat Jahan, and SM Shahidul Haque. "Health Problems of Elderly Patients attending Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 13, no. 1 (April 21, 2017): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v13i1.41008.
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Introduction: Health problems of elderly are an emerging health burden throughout the world. Bangladesh is currently undergoing a demographic transition and the proportion of the population of 60 years and older is increasing rapidly. Health care providers and policymakers are highly concerned with this burning issue.
Objective: To know the disease pattern among the elderly patients in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2015 to June 2016 among 152 elderly patients above 60 years of age admitted in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka Cantonment. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with semi-structured questionnaire and checklist following purposive sampling technique. Analysis of data was done by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 20.0).
Results: Mean age of the elderly was 72.06±4.56 years with the range of 60-80 years and majority (90.8%) of the elderly was male. Out of total 152 elderly patients, by occupation majority (31.6%) were in the business group followed by 30.3% in the retired group and 9.2 % in the housewife group. Average monthly family income was BDT 17927.63±7360.75 with the range of BDT 6000-35000. With initial complaints elderly patients reported to doctors in private chamber (38.2%), private hospital (25.6%) and Govt hospital (5.9%). Among all of the elderly patients, majority (21.1%) had Diabetes Mellitus followed by Rheumatoid Arthritis (17.6%), Asthma (12.5%), Cataract (11.2%), ENT problem (6.6%), Malignancy (5.9%) and Benign Enlargement of Prostate 8(5.3%).
Conclusion: The number of elderly people is expanding rapidly; it also presents multifaceted health problems and thus creates unique challenges for the national healthcareservices. Early identification of problem and ensuring the availability of health with economic and social support can have a control over the elderly health problems.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.13(1) 2017: 8-12
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Sheikh, Nadeem Ahmed, Faiza Khanum, Erum Pervaiz, and Kanwal Nadeem. "Maternal and neonatal outcome of vertical transmission in pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic at Quetta, Balochistan; developing a regional consensus on existing evidence." Professional Medical Journal 28, no. 05 (May 10, 2021): 742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.05.5665.
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Objectives: To evaluate deleterious impact of novel coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19), on both maternal and fetal well being during pregnancy. Study Design: Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Survey. Setting: Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Chiltan Road, Quetta (Balochistan); Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Frontier Corps Hospital, Quetta Cantonment (Balochistan), and the Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Combined Military Hospital, Chiltan Road, Quetta (Balochistan). Period: March 2020 till July 2020. Material & Methods: Careful history, clinical and obstetrical examination radiology and real time polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swab were carried out in pregnant patients presenting for childbirth. Deliveries were conducted through spontaneous vaginal birth and caesarean section as per indication. Neonatal evaluation and nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19 real time polymerase chain reaction in all delivered fetuses were performed. Results: 516 pregnant women underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery and caesarean sections at these hospitals during the study duration. 4.06% (n=21) were confirmed as COVID-19 infected. All of the fetuses born to these infected mothers were delivered healthy and COVID-19 negative, except for one preterm fetus born at 22nd week of gestation on account of maternal gestational hypertension. Conclusion: Trans-placental spread of COVID-19 infection to the fetus is unlikely. However, the infection places a pregnant mother at much higher risk to develop complications which may occasionally lead to adverse pregnancy outcome.
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Rahman, Md Lutfur, Zebun Nessa, Sabrina Yesmin, Md Hafizur Rahman, and Choudhury Faisal Md Manzurur Rahman. "A Study on Prevalence of Anaemia in Pregnancy among the Women Reporting for Antenatal Care in Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka Cantonment." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 26, no. 2 (November 18, 2018): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v26i2.38824.
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Background: Anemia is regarded as a major risk factor for unfavorable outcome of pregnancy both for the mother and the fetus. Maternal anaemia is a common problem in pregnancy, particularly in developing countries.Aims: To determine the prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy and to find out the haemoglobin level of pregnant women reporting for antenatal checkup among the women reporting for antenatal care in Combined Military Hospital Dhaka.Method: This is a descriptive cross sectional study was done in the antenatal clinic at CMH Dhaka. One eighty four (184) pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at CMH Dhaka including CWC under CMH Dhaka were included for the study. The data were collected from 1st May 2001 to 31st May 2001 at the antenatal clinic, combined Military Hospital. Dhaka where pregnant women reported for antenatal check up. The data were collected by interviewing respondents in different dates & day of the week at different CWC and CMI-I Dhaka. Prior to the interview the respondents were explained clearly the objective of the study and sought their co-operation. The authority of CMH Dhaka was given prior information through issuing letter from AFMI. The respondent was assured on ethical point of view that strict secrecy would be maintained. Data were collected by the following methods: Interview Method; Laboratory Investigation for Hb estimation and Scrutinization of antenatal check up card.Results: A total of 184 pregnant women of them 70 were primi gravida and 114 were multigravida. The prevalence of anaemia as per WHO cutoff points was 56.52% (<11.0 g/dl). The mean age was 24.96 ± 4.49 years. The age groups 20-24 was the maximum. Out of 184 women 104 women was ariaemic. 15-24 age group was more anaemic (57.42%) than the 25-39 age group (55.42%) but the difference was not statistically significant, P>0.05. The prevalence of anaemia was higher in Illiterate (100%), lowest in degree and above level education group (48.48%). The maximum women (64.13%) belong to lowest income group. (Tk 2500-5000) Anaemia was the most common in the lowest income group (60.50%). The prevalence of anaemia was the highest among the family size 6 and above group (75%) and lowest in 2-3 family size group. Anaemia was more prevalent among high parity group (75%) and lowest in ‘0’ parity group (52.28%) but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Multigravida were found more anaemic (62.28%) contrast to prirnigravida (47.14%) which was statistically significant (P<0.05). The prevalence of anaemia was less in higher birth interval group but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). About the cultural belief only 33 women were found having cultural belief of avoiding food during pregnancy (17.93%) and anaemia was more prevalent among them (57.57%) but the difference was statistically significant (P>.05). In this study 14.13% women had concomitant illness during pregnancy. In this study 15 women had caesarian section of which 10 were anaemic (75%) and there was one Forcep delivery (non-anaemic).Conclusion: In this study anaemia is more prevalent among younger age group women (15-24), with less educated group low income group, large family size group, high parity and high gravida, less birth spacing and also in women having concomitant illness. Anaemia is more prevalent among women having cultural belief on avoiding food during pregnancy. The findings of this study may not reflect the overall picture of the country. It does not differ much from the results of similar studies at national level. However, this study can be a base for further studies in a broader perspective.J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 26, No.2, October, 2017, Page 103-110
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Ladan, K. M., and A. H. Hassan. "INFLUENCE OF TIME OF NITROGEN SECOND DOSE FERTILIZATION MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES IN NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNAH OF NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 12, 2021): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-470.
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The field trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of timing nitrogen second dose fertilization on the grain yield and yield components of some improved maize varieties. The field experiments was conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research IAR-ABU Research Farm Samaru – Zaria and Military Cantonment Farm Jaji – Nigeria. Treatments consist of three maize varieties (SAMMAZ 14, SAMMAZ 15 and SAMMAZ 16) and six timings of nitrogen second dose of fertilizer application. Data were recorded on grain yield, number of cobs /plant, number of grain /row, cob(ear) diameter, cob(ear) weight and 100 grain weight. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. SAMMAZ 16 produced significantly higher grain yield and recorded superior yield characters over SAMMAZ 14 and 15. The results further showed that time of nitrogen second dose application 6 WAS outperformed other timings evaluated at both location. The study identified. SAMMAZ 16 and time 6 WAS appeared to be the option for increased maize grain yield in the study area
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Ahmed, Syed Faraz, Muhammad Uzair, Anas Bin Saif, Ahmed Mushtaq Khan, and Saima Faraz. "SIGNIFICANCE OF RENAL FUNCTION IN TRAUMA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO ASCERTAIN CORRELATION TO EGFR." Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 70, no. 6 (December 15, 2020): 1771–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v70i6.2670.
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Objective: To assess renal function in combat patients at the time of arrival from Balochistan in Accident & Emergency (A&E) of an ‘A’ Class Military Hospital.
Study Design: Retrospective observational study with analysis to find correlation between measurable variables and glomerular filtration rate.
Place and Duration Of Study: Combined Military Hospital Malir Cantonment, Karachi, from October 2015 to October 2018.
Material and Methods: All patients with major injuries (New Injury Severity Score NISS ≥16) were included in the study to assess kidney function by calculating their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using serum creatinine. Correlation was calculated between eGFR and other variables which were pulse, mean arterial pressure, temperature and haemoglobin.
Results: 75 patients were brought to A&E. 14 (18.66%) were brought in dead. There were 44 (58.6%) gunshot wounds, 14 (18.6%) blast injuries and 17 (22.6%) accidents post ambush attack. 26 (34.66%) were included in the study, with NISS ≥16. All patients were male with mean age 29.73 ± 5.08. 20 (77%) patients were fluid resuscitated in pre-hospital setting whereas 6 (23%) were not. Statistically significant correlations were found among eGFR and pulse rate, body temperature, mean arterial pressure, hemoglobin and NISS. 6 out of 26 patients not resuscitated in pre-hospital setting had a median eGFR of 53.5, as compared to median eGFR of 70 in 20 patients who were resuscitated before evacuation to CMH Malir, in the field medical units.
Conclusion: Fluid resuscitation in the field lowers the possibility of renal dysfunction.
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Chowdhury, SH, MS Rahman, MA Islam, R. Tabassum, AHMKM Kamal, MAS Al-Azad, and MM Islam. "Deliberate Self-Harm in Substance Use Disorder Patients-A Study at Tertiary Level Hospitals in Bangladesh." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 9, no. 1 (April 28, 2014): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i1.18728.
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Introduction: Deliberate Self-harm is a term introduced to describe patients who injure themselves by self-mutilation (e.g. cutting the skin) but usually do not wish to die. Studies show that about 4 percent of all patients in psychiatric hospitals have cut themselves; the female-to-male ratio is almost 3 to 1. Self-injury is found in about 30 percent of all abusers of oral addiction substances and 10 percent of all intravenous drug users admitted to substance-treatment units. These patients are usually in their 20s and may be single or married. Most cut delicately, not coarsely, usually in private with a razor, blade, knife, broken glass or mirror. The wrists, arms, thighs and legs are most commonly cut; the face, breasts and abdomen are cut infrequently. Most persons who cut themselves claim to experience no pain and give reasons, such as anger at themselves or others, relief of tension and the wish to die. Methods: It was an explorative descriptive cross sectional study aimed to explore the pattern of deliberate self harm among substance use disorder patients in three selected hospital. The research design was Quantitative in nature. The study sites were Central Drug Addiction Treatment Centre, Dhaka; Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka and Modern Psychiatric Hospital, Dhaka. The study population was Substance abusers seeking advice or getting treatment in Central Drug Addiction Treatment Centre, Dhaka; Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka and Modern Psychiatric Hospital, Dhaka. Results: The mean age of onset of taking drugs was 24 to 42 years with the SD ± 6.83. The range was in between 12 and 57 years and adolescents were greatly involved in self harm. Many of them used more than one substance; among them 56% mentioned about Cannabis. Among all the respondents 52 of them reported that they use substances several times daily. Regarding the route of administration, among all the respondents, they have history of using multiple routes for administering the substances. 73% of them reported that they use substances by smoking. In this study it was revealed that, the substance users follow several methods for self harm. Among them, cutting, burning, scratching, stabbing etc are noteworthy. 39% of the substance users harmed themselves by cutting in the first episode which follows same trends in next episodes. Conclusion: Deliberate self harm is a behavior that over the time becomes compulsive and addictive. Finding out the causes of deliberate self harm among substance related disorders will help us choose an appropriate remedy of this non-fatal but repetitive and distressing behavior which may lead to completed suicide. Systematic mental health assessments in the emergency department of following an episode of deliberate self-harm may improve detection of mental disorders. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v9i1.18728 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.9(1) 2013: 63-74
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Rab, Md Abdur, Golam Mohiuddin Chowdhury, Abdullah Al Mehedi, Quazi Sindhi, Mohammad Iqbal Kabir, and Shaila Sharmin. "Management of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders by Arthroscopic Lavage." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 12, no. 1 (January 24, 2016): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v12i1.39976.
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Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are among the most common disorders in the maxillofacial region which usually present with joint pain, decreased jaw mobility, joint clicking, headache, tinnitus, neck pain etc. There are different modalities of treatment used for the TMDs. These include some conservative and surgical procedures. The main aim is to improve the jaw function and reduction of joint pain. Arthroscopy is a modern diagnostic and effective therapeutic procedure for the TMDs.
Objective: To assess the outcome of arthroscopic lavage of Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) in terms of improvement of jaw function and joint pain in patients suffering from TMDs.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out at the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Military Dental Centre, Combined Military Hospital of Dhaka Cantonment from 01 October 2014 to 31 March 2016. Patients were selected consecutively having TMDs and unresponsive to conservative nonsurgical therapy. Total thirty patients of TMDs were selected for study and all the patients were treated with arthroscopic lavage. Objective data were collected including, inter incisal opening, lateral excursion, deviation on opening, tenderness on palpation. A questionnaire in the form of visual analogue scale relating to pain, joint clicking and Jaw mobility were completed by each patient at 1 week,1 month and 6 months post operatively.
Results: Among thirty patients, 10 patients were male and 20 patients were female. Mean age of the patient was 42.6±5.79 years. Maximum patients were in the age group of 41-45 years. There was statistically significant improvement in maximum incisal opening and pain score. There was also reduction in Joint clicking and tenderness in maximum patients.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggested potential utility of arthroscopic lavage in the management of TMDs.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(1) 2016: 88-93
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Al-Qarawi, S. M., H. E. El Bushra, R. E. Fontaine, S. A. Bubshait, and N. A. El Tantawy. "Typhoid fever from water desalinized using reverse osmosis." Epidemiology and Infection 114, no. 1 (February 1995): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026880005189x.
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SUMMARYIn May 1992, 81 bacteriologically confirmed cases of typhoid fever (TF) were identified in all districts of Tabuk City in northwestern Saudi Arabia. Attack rates (AR) in residential districts ranged from 0·9–10·3 per 10000. Confirmed cases included 9 workers in the city's referral hospital, King Khalid Hospital (AR 140/10000), 2 in families of medical staff, 57 in the community (AR 4·4/10000) and 13 in a local military cantonment (AR 0·8/10000). The outbreak began with the onset of TF in the three areas within 5 days, continued for 7 weeks, and ended 2 weeks after chlorination began. Among water sources, the odds ratio (OR) was highest (2·6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1·25–5·39) for water purchased from reverse osmosis (RO) plants, especially RO plants supplied by one well (ASUW) (OR = 7·05; 95% CI 2.51–20·7). The aquifer for ASUW lay partially beneath a depression where city sewage collected. Unchlorinated water samples from ASUW 1 month after the outbreak ended yielded coliforms. ASUW probably became contaminated withSalmonella typhiwhen KKH demand overtaxed the aquifer and drew in surface water. Membranes in RO plants using this unchlorinated well water could then become fouled withS. typhi. RO plants, which are common throughout Saudi Arabia, need close monitoring. WTater for RO must be prechlorinated to prevent microbiologic fouling of the membranes.
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Ladan, Muhammad Kabir, Hassan Adamu Hamidu, Abdul Bamidele Lawal, and Abdullahi Namakka. "GROWTH AND DRY MATTER (FODDER) PRODUCTION OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES AS AFFECTED BY TIMING OF NITROGEN SECOND DOSE FERTILIZATION." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 4 (June 12, 2021): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0404-339.
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ABSTRACT
Field trials were conducted in 2016 wet season at Institute of Agricultural Research IAR, Research Farm(Lat.11o 11’ N, Long. 07038’ E, 686m above sea level), Samaru-Zaria and Jaji Military Cantonment Farm located at 30 Km from Zaria along Kaduna – Zaria road (Lat. 10o 49’ 25” N, Long. 07o 34’ 10” E, 600m above sea level), both in Northern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria, to Investigate the growth of Maize varieties and dry matter produced at varying timing of nitrogen second dose fertilization. The treatments consist of three maize varieties (SAMMAZ 14, SAMMAZ 15 and SAMMAZ 16) and six times of nitrogen second dose fertilization 4 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 weeks after sowing (WAS). Treatments were factorially combined and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. SAMMAZ 16 outperformed SAMMAZ 14 and SAMMAZ 15 in terms of plant height, number of leaves, total leaf area, leaf area index and dry matter production. Time of nitrogen second dose application 6 WAS consistently produced the highest growth attributes of maize ;plant height, number of leaves, total leaf area, leaf area index and dry matter production compared to other timings evaluated. SAMMAZ 16 and 6 WAS in conclusion appeared to be the optimum for increased maize fodder (dry matter) production in the Savannah region where potential for livestock production is high.
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LEGG, STEPHEN. "Stimulation, Segregation and Scandal: Geographies of Prostitution Regulation in British India, between Registration (1888) and Suppression (1923)." Modern Asian Studies 46, no. 6 (March 21, 2012): 1459–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x11000503.
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AbstractThis paper explores the regulation of prostitution in colonial India between the abolition of the Indian Contagious Diseases Act in 1888 and the passing of the first Suppression of Immoral Traffic Act in 1923. It challenges the commonly held assumption that prostitutes naturally segregated themselves in Indian cities, and shows that this was a policy advocated by the Government of India. The object was to prevent the military visiting these segregated areas, in the absence of effective Cantonment Regulations for registering, inspecting, and treating prostitutes. The central government stimulated provincial segregation through expressing its desires via demi-official memoranda and confidential correspondence, to which Rangoon and Bombay responded most willingly. The second half of the paper explores the conditions, in both India and Ceylon, that made these segregated areas into scandalous sites in the early twentieth century. It situates the brothel amongst changing beliefs that they: increased rather than decreased incidents of homosexuality; stimulated trafficking in women and children; and encouraged the spread of scandalous white prostitutes ‘up-country’, beyond their tolerated location in coastal cosmopolitan ports. Taken alongside demands that the state support social reform in the early twentieth century, segregation provided the tipping point for the shift towards suppression from 1917 onwards. It also illustrates the scalar shifts in which central-local relations, and relations between provinces, in government were being negotiated in advance of the dyarchy system formalized in 1919.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, Debashish Saha, and Mohammad Rabiul Hossain. "Multi-Drug Resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v12i2.41110.
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Introduction: In the last one decade first generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), imatinib mesylate was the choice of treatment in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) but recently, a considerable number of patients have developed resistance to first as well as second generation TKIs.
Objective: To present two cases which were first and second generation TKIs resistant and to review multidrug resistant CML.
Materials and Methods: Relevant articles and literatures were retrieved from different journals and web pages to find out the mechanism of development of drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Discussion: Two cases of drug resistant CML were found in Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka cantonment. Extensive review of the literature showed that two mechanisms, namely Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson (BCR-ABL) dependent and independent mechanisms, are mainly responsible for multi drug resistant (MDR) CML. In Bangladesh, it is difficult to identify the exact mechanism of development of drug resistance in CML. In a few cases, sample from CML patients are sent overseas to detect any new mutation in TKI binding domain of BCR – ABL fusion gene but it is not possible to find out other mechanisms responsible for drug resistance in CML.
Conclusion: To overcome the drug resistance in CML, it is important to use the conventional drugs used in the treatment of CML meticulously and regularly as irregular use and discontinuation of treatment will permit the development of drug resistance.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 135-140
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Yazdi, Quazi Salim, Abdul Latif Khan, Md Sayeed Hasan, and Imranul Hasan Murad. "A Study on Clinical Effect of Combined Pulsed Dye Laser And Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide in the Treatment of Keloid." Journal of Dhaka Medical College 23, no. 2 (October 23, 2015): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i2.25397.
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Keloids are common and cause functional and psychological morbidity. A wide variety of treatments, all in current usage, indicate that no treatment has been shown to be markedly superior to the others. This study was done using pulsed dye laser followed by more traditional intralesional steroid injection in the treatment of keloid. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the PDL in combination with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TCA) in the treatment of keloid and to elucidate possible side effects and complications. A prospective clinical trial was done in the Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka, from December 2013 to February 2014. Adult patients of both sexes (Fitzpatric skin type IV & V) aged between 15 and 50 years with varying degree of keloids were randomly selected for the study. In this single-blinded clinical trial, 50 patients were randomly assigned and was irradiated by 595-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser (PDL, 5-7.5 J/cm2) at the 1st,4th, and 8th weeks and Intralesional steroid was given following PDL. Lesions were assessed for vascularity, pliability, pigmentation and height. The study showed an excellent improvement in nearly all measures, Good to excellent improvements (>76% improvement) were reported by 93% patient. Vancouver scar scale (0-14) decreased from 12.17 to a post treatment value of 3.41which is an excellent achievement. Results were reported by the blinded observer as follows: in vascularity (from 2.7 to 0.61), in pliability (from 3.9 to 1.1), in hyperpigmentation (from 2.4 to 0.92), in height (from 2.87 to 0.78).J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.2, October, 2014, Page 234-238
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AKHTAR, MOHAMMAD RIAZ, and HABIB ULLAH KHAN. "ACUTE ANAL FISSURE." Professional Medical Journal 16, no. 03 (September 10, 2009): 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.03.2780.
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Objective: To evaluate the role of topical glyceryl trinitrate (0.2% GTN) on the clinical features of acute anal fissure. S t u dydesign a n d setting: A prospective, open label therapeutic trial was carried out at Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Cantonment during onecalendar year. Patients a n d M e t h o d s : All adult males and females presenting with acute anal fissure were included. Patients with chronic analfissure, associated pathology (hemorrhoids, fistula in ano), age < 15 years, previous surgery of anal canal were excluded. The diagnosis wasbased upon history and physical examination. A detailed history was taken regarding their symptoms like painful defecation, bleeding perrectum, constipation and itching. Then the patients were examined to look for anal fissure, associated mucus discharge and sphincter toneand recorded in the proforma. 0.2% topical GTN ointment was prescribed twice daily for local application in the anal canal with the help of cottonpledget on a stick (soaked completely in ointment). The duration of treatment was four weeks and their symptomatology and healing of analfissure was assessed weekly. Results: A total of 40 patients were treated in this study. Age varied between 22 - 51 years. 36 patients (90%)were male while only 4 patients (10%) were females. Painful defecation (100%), bleeding PR (87.5%), constipation (50%), and itching (40%)were the main complaints. Posterior fissure was seen in 85%, anterior fissure in 12.5%, while both anterior and posterior fissures were seenin 2.5% of patients. Out of 40 patients 21 had complete healing of anal fissure while 03 patients recovered partially. Thus the healing rate was60%.Conclusion: Topical glyceryl trinitrate is an effective treatment modality for acute anal fissure.
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Khan, Md Nasirul Haque, Md Iqbal Kabir, and Fatema Zerin Khan. "Body Mass Index and Common Geriatric Health Problems Among Elderly Retired Armed Forces Personnel." Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 39, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jopsom.v39i1.51857.
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Background: Aging is universal and it is inescapable. Health problems of elderly people are a global emerging issue. Body mass index (BMI) is a test often used to help medical professiona ls to assess nutritional status along with overall fitness and risk for disease in elderly. This study was conducted to assess the BMI and common geriatric health problems among elderly retired armed forces personnel.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among purposively selected 226 elderly retired armed forces personnel in both outpatient and inpatient departments of the Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka Cantonment from July 2018 to Jun e 2019. The study aimed to assess the association between BMI and common geriatric health problems. A questionnaire comprising of all the variables of interest were developed and used for data collection by face to face interview. Data were also collected by physical measurement and reviewing medical documents of the participants.
Results: Among the participants, majority (32.3%) had BMI c:25, 31 .9 % had 23-24.9, 30. 1 % had 18.5-22.9 and 5.8% had <18 .5 BMl group. Average number of morbidities perparticipant was 2.59. Out of all , 20.5% had hypertension, 13. 7% had heart disease , 13.1 % had diabetes, 1 2.5% had respiratory disease, 8.4% had dental disease, 7.5% had cataract, 7.5% had prostate enlargement, 5.8% had cancer, 5.6% hadarthritis and 5.5% hadear disease. Association of BMI of participants with hypertensi on, heart disease was found statistically significant (p<0.05). No significant association was found with diabetes and respiratory disease ( p<0.05).
Conclusion: Nutritional status of the elderly should be emphasized for prevention and control of health problems in retired armed forces elderly; for that BMl could be crucial indicator.
JOPSOM 2020; 39(1): 14-20
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Haque, SM Shahidul, Md Abdul Ali Miah, Md Fashiur Rahman, Mohammad Yousuf, and Hasna Raihan Rahim. "Role of Acupuncture in Back Pain– Experience in the Department of Physical Medicine, CMH Dhaka." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v12i2.41099.
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Introduction: Back pain is one of the common causes of pain after headache and a major debilitation in adult. Low back pain includes dorsal pain at anywhere between 12th thoracic vertebrae and lower buttock up to gluteal folds or anus. In United States, as many as one third of the population suffer from chronic pain conditions. Acupuncture is a recommended treatment for back pain. The action of acupuncture is an analgesic and considered a valuable asset in the specialty of pain management.
Objective: To evaluate the role of acupuncture on back pain and to follow up the quality of life in patients with back pain.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective experimental study and was carried out at the Department of Physical Medicine, Combined Military hospital (CMH), Dhaka Cantonment from June 2015 to December 2015. A total of twenty two patients were enrolled and were randomly selected who received conservative treatment for pain management for 4 to 6 weeks and did not get improvement. Needling was done at acu-points on average of 15 to 20 needles for a period of 15-30 minutes for three days in a week for 06 weeks. The concise assessment was done for effectiveness in pain management.
Results: The result was observed in terms of the VAS (Visual analog scale) and disability scale. Relief of pain was noted to complete or to moderate in 58% of the cases. After 02 months of acupuncture treatment, 60% patients had relief of pain. After 06 months of acupuncture treatment, about 30% patients remained moderate to complete pain free.
Conclusion: Acupuncture remains one of the alternative medicine disciplines and there is mounting evidence of its effectiveness. Most of the patients were benefitted with acupuncture treatment regime after failure of conservative treatment for duration of 4-6 weeks for back pain.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.12(2) 2016: 85-89
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Rahman, Wasila, Md Rahimgir, Arif Ahmed Khan, Maj Suman Khisa, Rahima Akter, and Maj Imana Shahreen. "Detection and Quantification of HCV-RNA by RT-PCR among Anti-HCV Positive Patients." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 15, no. 1 (August 20, 2020): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v15i1.48652.
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Introduction: The most common contemporary strategy to diagnose chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection consists of initial screening with an HCV enzyme immunoassay (EIA) antibody test followed by supplemental testing of positive screening tests with a quantitative HCV RNA assay to confirm the positive EIA and to determine whether they have active or resolved hepatitis C infection.
Objectives: To detect and quantify HCV-RNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) among anti-HCV positive patients and to identify the socio demographic factors among these patients.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study which was conducted in Combined Military Hospital and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Dhaka cantonment. A total of 108 anti-HCV positive patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), who were clinically suspected and advised for anti-HCV test, were selected randomly for the study and subjected to do HCV-RNA analysis during the period of October 2016 to September 2017.
Results: Out of 108 anti-HCV positive patients by ELISA, HCV-RNA was detected in 72 (66.7%) cases with mean value of HCV RNA quantification was 2013323.95±2695207.41 (IU/ ml). Majority of anti-HCV positive patients (29.6%) belonged to 51-60 years age group with male predominance (58.33%). It was observed that 43.52% patients came from middle income group family, 31.48% came from poor and 25.0% came from high income group family. Risk factor for HCV infected population was found maximum in dialysis patients (47.37%), followed by blood transfusion (13.89%), Injecting drug User (IDUs) (12.04%), surgery & intervention (9.26%) and sexual transmission (1.85%). Mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was found 67.30±44.99 U/L among HCV-RNA detected patients (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: The quantification of HCV RNA by RT-PCR will be helpful to rationalize the treatment, enhance antiviral responses and mitigate mortalities of HCV infected patients.
Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.15 (1) 2019: 84-86
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Halvorson, Sarah J., and James L. Wescoat Jr. "Guarding the Sons of Empire: Military–State–Society Relations in Water, Sanitation and Health Programs of mid-19th-Century India." Water 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020429.
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Drinking water supply and sanitation have had a strong association with military institutions in South Asia from the colonial period to the present. This paper shows how military-state-society relationships created spaces of differential water access and sanitation burdens in mid-19th-century cantonments in ways that involved complex gender relations. In comparison with previous research, we argue that privileged military enclaves were segregated but never fully separated from larger urban water and sanitation systems. We use historical geographic methods to review the evolving role of military sanitation regulations in cantonments from late-18th-century policies of the East India Company (EIC) through mid-19th-century rule by the British Crown, during which time military cantonments, regulations, and formal monitoring reports were established. Close reading of the British Army Medical Department’s Statistical, Sanitary, and Medical Reports (Sanitary Reports) in the 1860s then shows how military-state-society relations diverged from civilian public health programs in ways that persist to some extent to the present day. Health advisors, some of them women, pursued an ideology and tactics to “guard the sons of empire”, from what they perceived to be a disease-filled landscape of “lurking evils”, “choleric attacks”, and “native offensives”. We conclude with a discussion of both continuities and change in the relationships between military and civilian public health reforms beyond the barracks.
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Mia, Mohammad Faruk, Abdul Ali Mia, Debashish Saha, Arif Ahmed Khan, and Anjana Chakraborty. "Antibiotic Resistance Pattern and Stewardship Programme in Critical Care Settings." Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin 43, no. 3 (April 16, 2018): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v43i3.36417.
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Sensitivity pattern of isolates from patients’ specimens associated with infection, admitted to the critical care centers with empiric or prophylactic antibiotic use were assessed. Till identification of the organism and resultant sensitivity awaited; and compared with sensitive antibiotic to the isolates which could be used for management. This analytical cross sectional study carried out during the period of April 2016 to July 2016 in the Critical Care Centre (CCC) of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka Cantonment. Urine and other specimens including wound swab, pus, sputum, tracheal aspirate, catheter tip, nasal swab, high vaginal swab, broncheoalveolar lavage, blood, urethral discharge were collected from the patients following aseptic precautions. Isolate identification was done using standard procedures at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP). Sensitivity was tested using antibiotic disc diffusion technique. A total of one thousand six hundred and seventy patients were dealt with in the study, and positive yield obtained in 190 (11.38%) cases. Of those, 116 were urine specimens which constituted 69 (57.76%) female and 47(42.24%) male patients. A total of 1088 discs of antibiotics were used on an average 9 discs per isolate. Six hundred and forty nine (59.65%) showed resistance to the antibiotic used against them, while four hundred and thirty nine (40.35%) showed sensitive response. The study population was of 2-80 years age group. Other specimens included 74 isolates, fifty (67.57%) were males and twenty four (32.43%) were females. A total of eight hundred and twenty seven (11.18 discs per isolate) antibiotic doses were used 479 (57.92%), showed resistant and 348 (42.08%) sensitive result. Enteric gram negative bacilli (GNB) were the majority of isolates in both types of specimens. The study indicated that, newer antimicrobials have a substantial impact in decreasing human morbidity and mortality rates. It encourages to expand surveillance of antibiotic resistance determinants and to exercise caution in dispensing antibiotics to maximize their continued efficacy. Excess or injudicious use is causing increase in cost as well as inducing drug resistance among the common bacterial isolates. A work on the clinical presentation with trends of antimicrobials used in the CCC setup right now in tertiary care hospital would be of supplemental value for the study.
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Khan, Md Shirajul Islam, Md Nasir Uddin, Md Abdul Latif Khan, Rowshan Ara, and Lubna Khondker. "Efficacy of topical Calcipotriol versus combination of topical Calcipotriol plus Betamethasone in the treatment of plaque type psoriasis." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 10, no. 1 (April 8, 2015): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i1.22929.
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Introduction: The effectiveness of various topical agents for the treatment of plaque psoriasis is limited and the results are somewhat not satisfactory to some extent. Topical Calcipotriol can be used either monotherapy or combination therapy with betamethasone. This topical agent has corticosteroid-sparing benefit and reduction of side effects, duration of treatment and also relapse rates when used as combination therapy for the treatment of psoriasis. Objectives: The present study was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy between the topical Calcipotriol and combined formulation of topical Calcipotriol plus Betamethasone in the treatment of plaque type psoriasis. Materials and Methods: A clinical trial was carried out from January 2011 to Jan 2014 in outpatient department of Dermatology and Venereology, combined military hospital- Dhaka and Jessore Cantonment and Bangabandhu sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. Patients of plaque type psoriasis were the study population. Consequitive type of non-probability sampling method was followed in this study. Patients were divided into two groups.Group A was treated with topical Calcipotriol (0.005%) ointment and group B with combination of topical Calcipotriol plus Betamethasone ointment. Results: The mean percentage of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) reduction after 4th week of treatment was 39.4 and 35.4 in group A and group B (p value >0.05) and after 8th week of 74 JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 10, No 1 (June) 2014 therapy was 59.6 in-group A and 60.7 in-group B respectively. The mean baseline PASI score was 6.7±4.5 and after 8th week it was 2.0 ±1.4 for group A and mean baseline PASI score was 5.5 ±4.2 and after 8th week it was 2.5±1.4 for group B. There was statistically significant reduction in PASI score from base line after 8th week of treatment in both treatment groups (p < 0.001). After 8th week of treatment moderate response was 22(73.3%) in group A and 18(60%) in group B. Very good response was 4 (13.3%) in group A and 8 (26.7%) in group B and minimal response of treatment occurs equally 4 (13.3%) in group A and group B. Conclusion: In the light of the findings of this study, topical Calcipotriol(0.005%) alone or combination with Betamethasone is individually effective for the treatment of plaque psoriasis but combination therapy is more effective than monotherapy. Therefore it may be recommended that monotherapy can be replaced by combination therapy in treating plaque psoriasis. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i1.22929 Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(1) 2014
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Karim, ME, MH Rahman, MHMD Hossain, and MN Ahsan. "Lorazepam As Anxiolytic Sedative Night Before Operation." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 7, no. 2 (April 16, 2012): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10392.
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Introduction: Surgical patients have a high incidence of anxiety and there is a significant inverse relationship between anxiety and smoothness in induction of anaesthesia. The benzodiazepines are very effective at melting away the active terror of anxiety. Diazepam, a long acting benzodiazepine, is widely used by the anaesthesiologist to allay anxiety and provide sedation. The metabolism of diazepam is slow and is depressed by many factors such as old age, disease states (e.g. hepatic cirrhosis) and concomitant drug administration (e.g. cimetidine). Lorazepam, an intermediate acting benzodiazepine, is well absorbed orally. It is conjugated in the liver to the pharmacologically inactive glucuronide and its metabolism is less impaired by the above factors. Objective: To compare the anxiolytic properties of lorazepam with diazepam before elective surgical procedures. Method: One hundred patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and grade II, who were scheduled for general surgical, gynaecological operative procedures under general and regional anaesthesia in Combined Military Hospital, Saidpur Cantonment, during the period between June 2008 to June 2010, were included in this study. They were randomly distributed into two groups. Subjects of group A (n=50) received diazepam (Sedil) orally in a dose of 5 mg for <30 kg body weight or 10 mg for 30-70 kg body weight or 15 mg for >70 kg body weight. Subjects of group B (n=50) received lorazepam (Ativan) orally in a dose of 2 mg for <30 kg body weight or 4 mg for 30-70 kg body weight or 6 mg for >70 kg body weight. The effects of the two drugs as anxiolytic sedatives were compared on the basis of haemodynamic parameters, side effects and quality of sleep. Results: There was no significant change in haemodynamic parameters between the two groups. Drugs on group B (Lorazepam group) were found to be more anxiolytic than drugs on group A (Diazepam group). Twenty percent of patients in diazepam group complained of moderate anxiety but it was absent in lorazepam group (p<0.01). Six percent of patients were restless/agitated in preoperative period in diazepam group, but it was absent in lorazepam group. Percentage of tranquil patients was significantly higher in lorazepam group (44%) than that in diazepam group (30%). Hangover effect was noted markedly in group B patients (44%) which was nil in group A patients (p<0.01), but it was beneficial for induction of anaesthesia. Moreover this hangover effect was significantly higher (p<0.01) in female population (50%) than in male population (21.05%). Some other side effects like nausea, vertigo were also noticed in patients of both groups and females were more susceptible to these side effects than males which might be an individual variation. Conclusion: Considering all the factors, lorazepam appeared to be a better option than diazepam as anxiolytic sedative night before operation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10392 JAFMC 2011; 7(2): 25-28
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Cherian, Neema. "Spaces for Races: Ordering of Camp Followers in the Military Cantonments, Madras Presidency, c. 1800-64." Social Scientist 32, no. 5/6 (May 2004): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3517992.
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Haidar, Md Shameem. "Clinico-Pathological Evaluation of Fever More Than Three Weeks : A Cross Sectional Study in A Tertiary Care Hospital." Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal 17, no. 2 (January 14, 2019): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v17i2.39769.
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Background: Fever is a common clinical presentation of a number of diseases. A sustained unexplained fever >38.3°C lasting for >3 weeks without an established diagnosis despite intensive diagnostic evaluation is referred to as Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO). Fever more than three week remains a clinical challenge for physicians, as it may be attributed to a wide range of disorders, mainly infections, malignancies, non-infectious inflammatory diseases and miscellaneous diseases. The evaluation of the condition of a patient with fever of unknown origin requires a knowledge of those disorders that produce this syndrome, an awareness of the potential significance of subtle findings in the history and physical examination, and an appreciation of the value in this clinical setting of specific diagnostic procedures. In this report, we review these aspects of fever of unknown origin and outline a diagnostic approach to the persistently febrile patient.
Objective: Purpose of this study was to clinico-pathological evaluation of fever more than three weekswith its aetiology and clinical spectrum.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst adult males and females patients suffering from the fever of more than three weeks over period of two years at Combined Military Hospital, Chattogram Cantonment from January, 2016 to December, 2017. Sample was selected by purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteria were H/O fever or body temperature greater than 38.3°C on several occasions, accompanied by more than three weeks of illness and failure to reach a diagnosis after one week of inpatient investigation. Total 72 cases were enrolled according to selection criteria. Routine hematological, biochemical, imaging test were done and mid-stream urine samples were collected from these patients and subjected to culture. Detail demographic data were collected from the informant and recorded in structured case report form. Clinical examination and relevant investigation were done meticulously.
Results: In this study age of participants at entry was >20years, mean age was 38.04±11.08. Female sex were significant number, sex ratio (F: M) was 1.25:1. Most common clinical presentations were persistent fever and generalized weakness (100.0%), followed by arthralgia/ arthritis (51.3%) anorexia (44.4%) and headache (34.7%). The focused fever of unknown origin diagnostic approach is based on hallmark clinical features characteristic of each disorder. Diagnostic significance of nonspecific clinical findings is enhanced when considered together. Of the infectious diseases that are associated with FUO, tuberculosis (Especially in extrapulmonary sites) was most common cause (eg. 13.8%) and in malignant aetilogy, lymphoma was the major cause (eg. 11.1%) of fever of unknown origin. Abdominal and or Pelvic abscesses (5.6%) Colorectal carcinoma (5.6%) Drug-induced fever (4.1%) UTI (5.6%) SLE (5.6%) Rheumatoid arthritis (9.7%) Dental abscesses (2.7%) and Osteomyelitis (4.1%) were the others common cause of fever of unknown origin.
Conclusion: Fever is a common presenting complaint in hospital admitted patients. Most febrile illnesses either resolve before a diagnosis can be made or develop distinguishing characteristics that lead to a clinical dilemma. Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) is dynamic in its origin and will be an ongoing challenge to the clinician because of shifting disease epidemiology. In this study infection was predominant aetiology for febrile illness. Proper evaluation, rationale use of drugs and health awareness reduced the burden of Fever of unknown origin.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.17 (2); Jul 2018; Page 6-13
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Wald, Erica. "From begums and bibis to abandoned females and idle women." Indian Economic & Social History Review 46, no. 1 (January 2009): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001946460804600102.
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The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw a proliferation of laws in colonial India which targeted women deemed to be prostitutes. As the number of laws grew, so too did the category of ‘prostitute’. Yet, before the nineteenth century, it would have been difficult to identify many of these women or their activities as criminal, or even immoral. This article examines how such legal boundaries and conceptualisations came to be formulated. It suggests that the ‘prostitute’ category in India was shaped by the repeated failure of the East India Company's surgeons and officers to control venereal disease among the European soldiery. Such attempts at disease control were experimented with from the late eighteenth century and, as this article argues, were keys in the later formulation of the Contagious Diseases Acts. This article traces the decline of long-term, monogamous relationships between European men and Indian women, and the corresponding rise in shorter-term sexual transactions in and around military cantonments. By grounding later legal shifts within the military medical context, we can clearly see the forces behind the social and moral changes surrounding this group of women in the early nineteenth century.
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Azuogu, Benedict N., Lawrence U. Ogbonnaya, Chukwuma D. Umeokonkwo, Chihurumnanya Alo, Ngozi A. Ifebunandu, Christopher N. Obionu, Adaoha P. Agu, et al. "Effect of multiple intervention models on uptake of HIV testing services and sexual behaviour among residents of military cantonments in south-east Nigeria." African Journal of AIDS Research 18, no. 2 (April 3, 2019): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085906.2019.1586738.
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Quadrat-E-Elahi, M., MM Rahman, S. Momtaz, MA Ferdousi, and FA Bhuyan. "Haemoglobin Status Of Pregnant Women An Analysis Of 1804 Cases." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 7, no. 2 (April 16, 2012): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10390.
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Introduction: Anaemia is a very common finding in Bangladeshi women. This is more common in pregnant women. Timely meet up of nutritional need successfully prevents the development of anaemia during pregnancy. Method: A cross-sectional and multi-centre study was carried out among 1804 pregnant cases at Child Welfare Centre (CWC) of Combined Military Hospitals (CMH) of Comilla, Savar and Bogra cantonments over a period of 19 months. Irrespective of ages all pregnant women who attended CWCs for routine ante-natal check up and whose blood haemoglobin level was known at the time of first visit were included in this study. Pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and any congenital haemoglobin disorders were excluded from this study. Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out the haemoglobin levels in pregnant women in defence community from different parts of Bangladesh. Result: Total 1804 women were included as per inclusion criteria. Their mean (±SD) age was 28.1±13 years and the range was 19-41 years. Haemoglobin level during pregnancy was estimated and 229 (12.7%) of the pregnant women were observed anaemic. Most of the women had reported in the third trimester (40.8%) followed by second trimester (33.4%) and then first trimester (25.8%). Iron supplement was given to both normal and anaemic pregnant women. Conclusion: The study showed that prevalence and severity of anaemia in pregnant subjects attended CWCs for antenatal check up were exceptionally low. This indicates that consciousness regarding taking care of pregnant women of the community studied was satisfactory. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10390 JAFMC 2011; 7(2): 18-20
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Abubakar-Sadiq, Aisha, Nnomzie Charles Atama, and Usman Adekanye. "A case report of Lassa fever in a military cantonment, Kaduna state, April 2017." Pan African Medical Journal Conference Proceedings 2 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.cp.2018.8.44.626.
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Ogbonnaya, Laurence. "HIV voluntary counseling and testing practices among military personnel and civilian residents in a military cantonment in southeastern Nigeria." HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care, October 2011, 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/hiv.s23774.
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"Promoting Key Family Practices of Common Childhood Illnesses among Mothers with Under-Five Children in Selected Military Communities." Myanmar Health Sciences Research Journal 31, no. 2 (September 10, 2019): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34299/mhsrj.00940.
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Mothers are fundamental caregivers for under-five children and thus, family participation in child health services is very important. Therefore, a quasi-experimental study for promoting key family practices of mothers with under-five children was conducted among 278 respondents from Oaktwin Cantonment and Inndaing Cantonment in 2014. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with pretested structured questionnaire. Health promotion program including health education and advocacy for unit supports was implemented in study group. Before intervention, baseline data of respondents and pre-intervention knowledge and practices levels were identified. In the three-month and six-month after interventions, post-intervention data collection was done in both groups and data were analyzed. Findings show that there was a statistically significant difference of knowledge and practice scores between study group and control group after three-month interventions (t=10.827, p<0.0001, eta squared=0.297 and t=8.2, p<0.0001, eta squared=0.195, respectively), and six-month post-intervention (t=10.035, p<0.0001, eta squared=0.267 and t=8.773, p<0.0001, eta squared=0.304, respectively). Moreover, knowledge and practice level within study groups have a significant effect for time (F=160.45, p<0.0001 and F=113.06, p<0.0001, respectively) and the magnitude of this effect was also large (eta squared=0.699 for knowledge and 0.621 for practice). At the same time, knowledge and practice of control group have a significant effect for time (F=3.648, p=0.029 and F=19.564, p<0.0001, respectively) but this effect was very small. It can be asserted that health promotion program can improve the knowledge and practice of mothers regarding key family practices. The findings of current study might be a cornerstone for improvement of maternal knowledge and practice on caring for children in the military community.
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KOLSKY, ELIZABETH. "No ‘Signs of Weakness’: Gendered violence and masculine authority on the North-West Frontier of British India." Modern Asian Studies, June 25, 2020, 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x19000398.
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Abstract On 14 April 1923, in the dead of night, an English girl was kidnapped from her bedroom in a military bungalow in the Kohat Cantonment on India's North-West Frontier. The kidnapping is a notorious incident that has been told and retold in multiple languages, disciplines, and media for almost a century. From the colonial perspective, the kidnapping was seen as an ‘outrage’ that demonstrated the lawless savagery of the tribes who inhabited this strategically significant Indo-Afghan borderland. From the local perspective, the kidnappers led by Ajab Khan Afridi were valiant heroes who boldly challenged an alien and oppressive regime. This article adopts a gendered lens of historical analysis to argue that the case offers important conceptual insights about the colonial preoccupation with frontier security. In the British empire, the idea of the frontier signified a racial line dividing civilization from savagery. The colonial frontier was also a zone of hyper-masculinity where challenges to state power were met with brutal violence in a muscular performance of masculine authority. In this space where ‘no signs of weakness’ could be shown, the abduction of Molly Ellis represented an assault on the fictive image of white, male invincibility and the race–gender hierarchy that defined the colonial system.
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Awi-Waadu, G. D. "The prevalence of gastro-intestinal tract parasites in the inhabitants of Bori Military Cantonment in Port Harcourt Local Government area of Rivers State, Nigeria." African Journal of Applied Zoology and Environmental Biology 7, no. 1 (February 6, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajazeb.v7i1.41148.
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Cowell, Christopher. "The Kacchā-Pakkā Divide: Material, Space and Architecture in the Military Cantonments of British India (1765-1889)." ABE Journal, no. 9-10 (July 12, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/abe.3224.
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Cowell, Christopher. "The Kacchā-Pakkā Divide: Material, Space and Architecture in the Military Cantonments of British India (1765-1889)." ABE Journal, no. 9-10 (July 12, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/abe.10893.
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