Academic literature on the topic 'Mikhail M. Bakhtin'

“The whole history of Russian thought during the Soviet period was a history with missing chapters”.1 One of such missing chapters is a history of the Soviet reception of the corpus of work created by Mikhail M. Bakhtin, Soviet thinker and literary critic (1895—1975). The history of the Soviet reception of Bakhtin’s ideas has not been written yet and there are no works on the subject. There is Zbinden’s book,2 which deals with research about some particular cases of Bakhtin studies in Canada and in French translations. Despite the fact that in the 1960–1980s the «theory of carnival» became, in the words of S.S. Averintsev, a «regular classic» and the subject of citation for any specialists in the humanities, the reception of Bakhtin’s ideas in the Soviet Union was not successful: all of his contemporaries and conversation partners could not come into proper contact with the Soviet thinker. The present working paper is an attempt to reconstruct one case from the history of the Soviet reception of Bakhtin’s heritage, using the works of Vladimir N. Turbin (1927—1993) as an example. The study examines Turbin’s books A Short While Before Aquarius: A Farewell to Epos and his articles from different years (including those published posthumously), relating to Bakhtin, his life, theories, ideas and books. All these works will answer the question why the Soviet reception of Bakhtinʼs heritage in the 1960–1970 did not take place, and why the book, which Turbin wanted to write about his teacher, has not been written.

Researchers repeatedly noted that M.M. Bakhtin’s works are characterized by integration of musical culture into theoretical discourse, which is expressed in his appeal to the conceptual sphere of musical art and use of musical terminology as an instrument of literary, aesthetic, and cultural analysis. However, when examining Bakhtin’s connection with music, researchers, as a rule, discuss “music in general”, without specifying which music Bakhtin used to listen. The paper discusses the phenomenon of “the musical world of Bakhtin”, including his music experience, personal and creative contacts with musicians. The authors find out musical sources of Bakhtin’s creative intuitions. Based on the study of Bakhtin’s collection of gramophone records (now located in the M. M. Bakhtin Center of the Mordovia State University), published and oral memories of people personally communicating with Bakhtin, and other sources, his individual musical preferences are identified, and the circle of his favorite composers and performers is determined. It is emphasized that the phenomenon of the “Bakhtin’s musical world” is a “marker” of his commitment to the tendency of interaction and synthesis of arts, intermediality, and the objectification of the idea of cultural synthesis, which was one of the prevailing philosophical and cultural intuitions of Russian symbolism.

The article offers a detailed examination of Mikhail Bakhtin’s biography by A. Korovashko, which came out in The Lives of Remarkable People series [Zhizn’ zamechatelnykh lyudey, ZhZL] in 2017.M. Bakhtin’s life and legacy have always sparked keen interest among Russian and foreign scholars alike, but his biography still holds its secrets and, despite the efforts of M. Holquist and K. Clark, of S. and L. Konkin, N. Nikolaev, N. Pankov, I. Popova, and others, a comprehensive scholarly version is missing to this day.With his ideas permeating the global intellectual environment and his theories influencing the modern studies of human sciences, Bakhtin is a preeminent contemporary thinker. It is only natural, therefore, that his biography by A. Korovashko, entitled Mikhail Bakhtin, was published in the ZhZL series.In his attempt to offer his own view and interpretation of the scholar’s lifetime and the historical and cultural context of his research, Korovashko decided to debunk what he calls ‘the Bakhtin myth’ and undermine the so-called ‘Bakhtin industry’. However, his unusual manner of ironic narration and a penchant for literary reimagining of the subjects lead to the emergence of factual errors and inaccuracies, while the author’s rhetoric of demystification frustrates any professional and competent analysis of Bakhtin’s theories.

В статье представлена реконструкция научной биографии выдающегося мыслителя ХХ века М. М. Бахтина, влияние которого на развитие гуманитарных наук в России и за ее пределами не просто сохраняется в XXI веке, но становится более заметным. Понимание того, как формируется и эволюционирует мысль М. М. Бахтина на протяжении 1910–1970-х годов, какие влияния она испытывает и в диалоге с какими школами и течениями получает завершение, — одна из важнейших целей бахтиноведения как междисциплинарного направления гуманитаристики последних десятилетий. Особое значение в этом контексте приобретают Собрание сочинений М. М. Бахтина, издание которого завершилось в 2012 году, исследования В. Л. Махлина, Н. И. Николаева, Н. А. Панькова, Н. Д. Тамарченко, Л. А. Гоготишвили, М. Холквиста, Г. С. Морсона, К. Эмерсон, Г. Тиханова, К. Брендиста, статьи и очерки С. Г. Бочарова, В. В. Кожинова, В. Н. Турбина и др. С опорой на междисциплинарный подход, приемы микроистории и идею «малого времени» авторами дано комплексное описание жизни и творчества М. М. Бахтина на основе новейших разысканий отечественного и зарубежного бахтиноведения, собственных исследований 1990–2010-х годов, предложена периодизация научной биографии ученого, охарактеризованы основные достижения, прослежена эволюция философско-эстетических взглядов и исследовательской методологии, обозначены научный и социокультурный контексты работ невельско-витебского периода, «Проблем творчества Достоевского», исследований о романе, рукописи о Рабле, поздних текстов и фрагментов. В первой части статьи предлагается реконструкция жизни и творчества ученого с раннего периода до публикации «Проблем творчества Достоевского» и вынесения приговора по делу «Воскресения». The article reconstructs a scholarly biography of M. M. Bakhtin, an outstanding philosopher of the 20th century, whose influence on the development of humanities in Russia and abroad can hardy be overestimated and remains strong even in the 21st century. One of the most important goals of Bakhtin studies as an interdisciplinary humanitarian research of recent decades is the investigation of M. M. Bakhtin’s philosophy and its evolution during the 1910s–1970s as well as the study of external factors, philosophical schools and trends that influenced Bakhtin’s philosophy. M. M. Bakhtin’s collected works (published in 2012), research works conducted by V. L. Makhlin, N. I. Nikolayev, N. A. Pankov, N. D. Tamarchenko, L. A. Gogotisjvili, M. Kholkvist, G. S. Morson, K. Emerson, G. Tikhanov, K. Brendist, articles and essays written by S. G. Bocharov, V. V. Kozhinov, B. N. Turbin, and other works gain special significance in the present context. The authors of the article describe M. M. Bakhtin’s life and work through the prism of an interdisciplinary approach, employ the methods of microhistory and the idea of little time, rely on the investigations of Russian and foreign scholars working in the field of Bakhtin studies and their own research conduced in the 1990s-2010s. The article focuses on some landmarks of the philosopher’s scholarly biography, characterizes his major achievements, investigates the evolution of his philosophical and aesthetical views and his research methodology, characterizes the scholarly and socio-cultural contexts of Bakhtin’s work in Newel and Vitebsk, analyzes Bakhtin’s “Problems of Dostoyevsky’s Poetics”, investigates his manuscript about Rabelais and his late works. The first part of the article attempts to reconstruct the philosopher’s life and work starting with the early period and finishing with the “Problems of Dostoyevsky’s Poetics” and the exile caused by the Voskresenie case.

A organização deste artigo tem como objetivo colaborar com os leitores iniciantes, interessados nos estudos sobre a abordagem dialógica de linguagem na perspectiva de Bakhtin e do Círculo. Para tanto, apresenta colaborações de outros estudiosos sobre o tema e, ainda, traz as ações responsivas que se apresentavam para as autoras no decorrer das leituras de Bakhtin. Apresenta os conceitos: dialogismo, enunciado concreto e gênero do discurso, que estão discutidos separadamente apenas pelo caráter didático que se intenciona dar ao artigo, mas que são explorados de maneira inter-relacionada nos textos originais de Bakhtin. Este trabalho está organizado em dois momentos: a indicação dos objetivos e uma breve narrativa sobre a vida de Bakhtin para, em seguida, destacar os conceitos mencionados. Ao concluir, o artigo aponta para a importância de se buscar compreender o pensamento de Bakhtin na abrangência de sua obra e, que isso deve afetar a forma como pensamos. Enfatiza ainda uma abordagem dialógica da linguagem.

В статье представлена реконструкция научной биографии выдающегося мыслителя ХХ века М. М. Бахтина, влияние которого на развитие гуманитарных наук в России и за ее пределами не просто сохраняется в XXI веке, но становится более заметным. Понимание того, как формируется и эволюционирует мысль М. М. Бахтина на протяжении 1910–1970-х годов, какие влияния она испытывает и в диалоге с какими школами и течениями получает завершение, — одна из важнейших целей бахтиноведения как междисциплинарного направления гуманитаристики последних десятилетий. Особое значение в этом контексте приобретают Собрание сочинений М. М. Бахтина, издание которого завершилось в 2012 году, исследования В. Л. Махлина, Н. И. Николаева, Н. А. Панькова, Н. Д. Тамарченко, Л. А. Гоготишвили, М. Холквиста, Г. С. Морсона, К. Эмерсон, Г. Тиханова, К. Брендиста, статьи и очерки С. Г. Бочарова, В. В. Кожинова, В. Н. Турбина и др. С опорой на междисциплинарный подход, приемы микроистории и идею «малого времени» авторами дано комплексное описание жизни и творчества М. М. Бахтина на основе новейших разысканий отечественного и зарубежного бахтиноведения, собственных исследований 1990–2010-х годов, предложена периодизация научной биографии ученого, охарактеризованы основные достижения, прослежена эволюция философско-эстетических взглядов и исследовательской методологии, обозначены научный и социокультурный контексты работ невельско-витебского периода, «Проблем творчества Достоевского», исследований о романе, рукописи о Рабле, поздних текстов и фрагментов. Во второй части статьи предлагается реконструкция жизни и творчества ученого с периода кустанайской ссылки по 1975 год, обозначен поворот от социологической к исторической поэтике в работах 1930-х годов, в частности в рукописи о Рабле показан новаторский характер научных поисков 1940–1950-х годов, значение идей ученого для обновления советской и мировой гуманитаристики в 1960–1970-х годах. The article reconstructs a scholarly biography of M. M. Bakhtin, an outstanding philosopher of the 20thcentury, whose influence on the development of humanities in Russia and abroad can hardy be overestimated and remains strong even in the 21stcentury. One of the most important goals of Bakhtin studies as an interdisciplinary humanitarian research of recent decades is the investigation of M. M. Bakhtin’s philosophy and its evolution during the 1910s–1970s as well as the study of external factors, philosophical schools and trends that influenced Bakhtin’s philosophy. M. M. Bakhtin’s collected works (published in 2012), research works conducted by V. L. Makhlin, N. I. Nikolayev, N. A. Pankov, N. D. Tamarchenko, L. A. Gogotisjvili, M. Kholkvist, G. S. Morson, K. Emerson, G. Tikhanov,K. Brendist, articles and essays written by S. G. Bocharov, V. V. Kozhinov, B. N. Turbin, and other works gain special significance in the present context. The authors of the article describe M. M. Bakhtin’s life and work through the prism of an interdisciplinary approach, employ the methods of microhistory and the idea of little time, rely on the investigations of Russian and foreign scholars working in the field of Bakhtin studies and their own research conduced in the 1990s-2010s. The article focuses on some landmarks of the philosopher’s scholarly biography, characterizes his major achievements, investigates the evolution of his philosophical and aesthetical views and his research methodology, characterizes the scholarly and socio-cultural contexts of Bakhtin’s work in Newel and Vitebsk, analyzes Bakhtin’s “Problems of Dostoyevsky’s Poetics”, investigates his manuscript about Rabelais and his late works. The second part of the article attempts to restructure the philosopher’s life and work from the beginning of his exile in Kustanay till 1975. The article shows that Bakhtin’s works of the 1930s bear witness to the fact that Bakhtins’ sociological poetics gradually transforms into historical poetics. The article deals with Bakhtin’s investigation of Rabelais’ works in the 1940s–1950s. It underlines the importance of Bakhtin’s ideas for the development of both Soviet and foreign humanitarian studies in the 1960s–1970s.

Neste texto, discutimos os rearranjos provocados no campo dos estudos da linguagem, quando a subjetividade passa a constituir-se como tema de investigação do linguista. Para isso, retomamos aspectos importantes das obras de Émile Benveniste e Mikhail Bakhtin como contribuições para problematizar a subjetividade como produção social. Ao final, explicitamos as discussões propostas em análise de paródias em anúncios publicitários, destacando os efeitos da espetacularização do contemporâneo.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: análise do discurso; subjetividade; enunciação; gêneros do discurso. RÉSUMÉDans cet article, nous parlons sur des réarrangements induits dans le domaine de la linguistique, où la subjectivité vient d'être constitué comme un objet d'étude par le linguiste. Pour cela, les travaux de Émile Benveniste et de Mikhail Bakhtine ont été repris pour permettre à problématiser la subjectivité comme production sociale. A la fin, les réflexions sont confrontés à l'analyse des parodies dans les publicités, mettant en évidence les effets de la spectaularisation de la vie contemporaine.MOTS-CLES: analyse du discours ; subjectivité; énonciation; genres de discours.

Dentro del contexto de los estudios literarios actuales, las figuras más reconocidas de la eslavística rusa son Mikhail Mijáilovich Bakhtin (1895–1975) e Iuri Mijáilovich Lotman (1922–1993). Por una parte, ambos han sido gestores de críticas profundas a los llamados “grandes metarrelatos modernos”, entre ellos el formalismo ruso, el marxismo, la lingüística tradicional, etc.; y, por otra, han elaborado nuevas concepciones teóricas que han sido capaces de transformar, de manera radical y definitiva, la forma de ver y estudiar tanto la literatura como el arte. En este estudio, por tanto, se redescubre a un brillante pensador como Bakhtin y se conoce a un relevante semiótico como Lotman, teórico prácticamente desconocido en los círculos académicos chilenos. La idea fundamental de esta tesis es dar cuenta del desarrollo histórico y del cambio epistemológico producido en la época posmoderna, desde el punto de vista de las contribuciones realizadas tanto por Bakhtin como por Lotman a los estudios literarios. De esta manera, se muestra, a través de un estudio descriptivo–comparativo, que dicha importancia radica en que ambos pensadores permiten la constitución de una línea de pensamiento que devela, en primer término, las transformaciones producidas en la época posmoderna y, en segundo término, los cambios acontecidos en la teoría literaria durante el siglo XX.

This dissertation shows how beneficial the ideas of the Russian literary theorist Mikhail Bakhtin are when used to investigate both classical and more recent Scottish writing. An exploration of how a desire for a Scottish literary identity early in this century became inextricably bound up with a sense of historical necessity and psychological division, known as the Caledonian Antisyzygy, forms the basis for the first section of this work. The limitations of this mode of thinking and its failure as a 'theory' are then exposed and compared with the greater benefits of Bakhtinian thought. Succeeding chapters lead the reader from the vision of an historically centered and 'fixed' perception of Scottish literature that dominated the early decades of this century, to one which offers the possibility of endless interpretation. Close analysis of works by Robert Burns, James Hogg, Robert Louis Stevenson, and Hugh MacDiarmid investigate how useful Bakhtin's theories are for reinterpreting classic Scottish texts. The remaining chapters analyze works by a selection of contemporary Scottish poets and novelists (Alasdair Gray, James Kelman, Tom Leonard, Edwin Morgan, Liz Lochhead, and Muriel Spark) in an effort to display both the continuity of a literary tradition and the applicability of Bakhtin's ideas of dialogic interaction and carnival response to recent fiction and poetry that is concerned with the preservation of unique yet pluralistic community identities. It will be shown how Bakhtin's work lends itself to the project of freeing cultural identity from the bonds of a linguistic, historical, and geographical determination that is based on sterile oppositional constructs.

How is Bakhtin's conception of novelistic openness distinct from modernist-dialectical irresolution or open-endedness? Is Women in Love a Bakhtinian "open totality"? How is dialogic openness (as opposed to modernist indeterminacy) a "form-shaping ideology" of comic interrogation?
This study tests whether dialogism illuminates the shape of openness in Lawrence. As philosophers of potentiality, both Bakhtin and Lawrence explore the dialogic "between" as a state of being and a condition of meaningful fiction. Dialogism informs Women in Love. It achieves a polyphonic openness which Lawrence in his later fictions cannot sustain. Subsequently, univocal, simplifying organizations supervene. Dialogic process collapses into a stenographic report upon a completed dialogue, over which the travel writer, the poet or the messianic martyr preside.
Nevertheless, the old openness can be discerned in the ambivalent laughter of The Captain's Doll, St. Mawr or "The Man Who Loved Islands." In these retrospective variations on earlier themes, laughing openness of vision takes new, "unfinalizable" shapes.

Even if they rely on apparently quite different investigation domains and ideologies, both Freud and Bakhtin participate to that current which in the XXth century would upset the foundation of the positivist thought and would modify profoundly the traditional conception of science, language and the cartesian vision of the conscience and of the human subject. The thought of one as of the other, therefore, surpasses largely the principal reason of their research: If Freud applies the principles of the interpretation of dreams to the study of literary works, Bakhtin expands on the novel theory and questions polyphony and dialogism of all language. In conception of the literary speech of Bakhtin and of the dreams of Freud, the signs, the speeches and the multiple intentions or affects that animate them are constantly in dynamic interaction and obey it seems, to mechanism of similar transformation. The problem of interpretation is at the center of their works. The two authors are at the same time theoreticians and analysts of whom the theory of literature, of speeches, of work and dreams, pass necessarily by an act of interpretation. We are aware of the role played by the novels of Dostoievski on the theoretical work of Bakhtin. For Freud also, the principles of the work on dreams, according to his own affirmation develop with the interpretation process. We have to think that for him as for the Russian researcher, the theory is always in a link of active complicity with the interpretation; that one and the other are constantly mutually reflected and determined. A compared analysis of their texts can put in evidence the proximity of the thought processes of the thinkers, but can reveal also the differences, with their consequences from the point of view of ideology, ontology, even ethics.

This thesis offers an analysis of George Eliot's aesthetics and ethics from the interdisciplinary perspective of literature and theology. I examine the role that religious motifs play in Eliot's "ethics of art," and argue that the motifs of incarnation, revelation, and transcendence are central to Eliot's aesthetic aim of extending her reader's sympathies. Eliot's ethics of art is designed to help her reader transcend his or her inherent egoism, and to improve the way her reader understands his or her own self in relation to the world and to others. An exploration of the religious motifs of incarnation, revelation, and transcendence explains how Eliot achieved this aim without resorting to didacticism or preaching. In order to demonstrate this, the thesis offers a reading of Middlemarch and Daniel Deronda in which I employ three concepts that are present in the early philosophical writings of Mikhail Bakhtin; non-alibi in being, excess of seeing, and self/other relations. The motif of incarnation is central to each of these concepts and forms a bridge between Bakhtin's aesthetics and ethics. In applying these concepts to a reading of Middlemarch and Daniel Deronda, I demonstrate the way in which Eliot's "ethics of art" relies on theological motifs.

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Ce travail aborde le parcours des idées du Cercle de Bakhtine dans le champ de l’Analyse du discours française dans la période de son émergence et expansion, les années 1970-80. C’est, ainsi, un travail d’histoire. D’une part, histoire de l’Analyse du discours française, donc traite du processus historique à la fin duquel le Cercle de Bakhtine est devenu une référence nouvelle et globale pour ce domaine. D’autre part, histoire du Cercle de Bakhtine, parce que c’est un chapitre de ce qu’on pourrait appeler l’histoire de ses réceptions et appropriations dans les plus différentes « chronotopes ». Le travail souligne les questions théoriques et politiques impliqués dans ce processus, en suivant une perspective épistémologique et généalogique. Il est proposé que ce parcours a été marqué par deux réceptions distinctes des idées du groupe de Bakhtine, caractérisées par des différences significatives non seulement dans ce que concerne à l’amplitude de la référence aux concepts du Cercle de Bakhtine dans les travaux pratiques, mais aussi dans ce que concerne aux effets de l’appropriation de ces concepts. La première réception, l’inaugural, se caractérise par : une référence quasi exclusive à une seul oeuvre d’un des membres du Cercle – Le marxisme et la philosophie du langage, de Volochinov ; aussi par une divergence profonde, entre les tendances de l’analyse du discours sociolinguistique et l’analyse du discours de Pêcheux, concernent à la pertinence de l’appropriation des concepts formulés dans cette oeuvre pour le développement théorique et méthodologique de l'Analyse du discours ; et, enfin, par une application/appropriation de ces concepts aux problèmes et aux objets des analystes du discours, application dans laquelle, dans... (Résumé complet accès életronique cidessous)
Este trabalho versa sobre o percurso trilhado pelas ideias do Círculo de Bakhtin no campo da Análise do discurso francesa no período de sua emergência e expansão, isto é, os anos 1970-80. Apresenta-se, assim, como um trabalho de história. Por um lado, história da Análise do discurso francesa, pois trata do processo histórico ao fim do qual o Círculo de Bakhtin tornou-se uma nova e generalizada referência para o referido campo. Por outro, história do Círculo de Bakhtin, pois trata de um capítulo daquilo que poderíamos chamar de história de suas errâncias ou de suas andanças pelos mais diferentes “cronotopos”. O trabalho destaca as questões teóricas e políticas envolvidas nesse processo, seguindo uma perspectiva epistemológica e genealógica. Propõe que esse percurso foi marcado por duas recepções distintas das ideias do grupo de Bakhtin, caracterizadas por diferenças significativas não apenas quanto à amplitude da referência aos conceitos do Círculo nos trabalhos práticos, mas também quanto aos efeitos da apropriação desses conceitos. A primeira recepção, a inaugural, caracteriza-se por: uma referência praticamente exclusiva a uma obra de um dos membros do Círculo – Marxismo e filosofia da linguagem, de Voloshinov; também por uma divergência profunda, entre as tendências da análise do discurso sociolinguística e da análise do discurso de Pêcheux, quanto à pertinência da apropriação dos conceitos formulados na referida obra para o desenvolvimento teórico e metodológico da Análise do discurso; e, enfim, por uma aplicação/apropriação desses conceitos aos problemas e objetos dos analistas do discurso, aplicação na qual eram, na maioria das vezes, articulados a outros formulados no interior do campo, cujo efeito poderia ser definido como um incremento do corpo conceitual e da metodologia da...

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Teoria Literária e Literaturas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, 2013.
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Este estudo investigou as representações sociais da literatura entre professores atuantes no Ciclo Básico de Alfabetização e letramentos (1º ao 5º ano) do Ensino Fundamental em escolas públicas no Distrito Federal. Os pressupostos teóricos que fundamentaram a pesquisa, tanto no campo da Literatura quanto das Representações Sociais, evidenciaram confluências entre as ideias de Bakhtin e Moscovici. Desta forma, a pesquisa, além dessas confluências, mostrou a concepção que os professores têm sobre literatura e, consequentemente, a leitura de textos literários. A literatura, aqui, é vista como um produto de criação poética, ficcional ou dramática, como obra da imaginação criadora em todos os níveis de uma sociedade, em todos os tipos de cultura, considerando o texto, como gênero literário, desde as manifestações mais populares até as formas mais complexas e difíceis da produção escrita. Literatura como fabulação e também como um bem incompressível, um bem que não pode ser negado a ninguém. Compreender as representações sociais da literatura entre aqueles que são responsáveis pela alfabetização e o início do letramento não só em Língua Portuguesa, mas também nos diversos campos do conhecimento, significou compreender o pensamento, as ideias daqueles que são os formadores das primeiras impressões da criança sobre a leitura, a escola e sua relação com a arte literária, sua importância, sua abrangência e sua função social. A metodologia utilizada na investigação é mista, visto que nela se entrecruzaram pesquisa bibliográfica e pesquisa de campo. A pesquisa bibliográfica se sustentou teoricamente no trabalho de vários autores, mas, entre eles se destacaram dois, o sustentáculo de todo o trabalho: Mikhail Bakhitin, com sua Teoria do Conteúdo, do Material e da Forma na Criação Literária, questões relacionadas à literatura, ao estilo, à estética, o discurso, o dialogismo etc. e Serge Moscovici, com sua Teoria das Representações Sociais. Michel Pêcheux, com a Teoria da Análise do Discurso (AD), serviu de base apenas para a leitura e o exame da fala dos professores entrevistados. A pesquisa de campo, que possibilitou as conclusões sobre as representações sociais dos professores sobre literatura, foi realizada por amostragem e abrangeu 334 professores, distribuídos por todas as Coordenadorias Regionais de Ensino do Distrito Federal. Os dados foram coletados por meio de aplicação de questionários e entrevista semiestruturada. Sob a óptica da Teoria das Representações Sociais, com a orientação do pensamento bakhitiniano e com o auxílio da AD, o discurso dos professores foi estudado para que se compreendesse o sujeito discursivo - o sujeito inserido na conjuntura social - e as suas representações sociais sobre a literatura, suas ações no processo de assimilação das teorias de ensino contidas nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, os PCN, e na utilização da Literatura como um produto cultural e como entidade ôntica e ontológica. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This study investigated the social representations of literature of teachers who work in Literacy Basic Cycle (1st to 5th grade) of public elementary schools in the Federal District. The theoretical assumptions underlying this research, both in the field of Literature as Social Representations, showed convergences between the ideas of Bakhtin and Moscovici. Thus, the research, beyond these confluences, showed teachers’ notions about literature and, consequently, the reading of literary texts. Literature here is seen as a product of poetic creation, fictional or dramatic, as the work of creative imagination at all levels of society, in all types of culture, considering the text as a literary genre, since the more popular expressions to the most complex and difficult forms of written production. The literature is regarded as fable and it is an incompressible good, a good that cannot be denied to anyone. To understand the social representations of literature between those who are responsible for literacy and early literacy not only in Portuguese, but also in the various fields of knowledge, means understanding the ideas of those who are the makers of the first impressions of the child about reading, about the school and its relationship with the literary art, its importance, its scope and its social function. The methodology used in the research is mixed, as it tangles literature and field research. The literature search was theoretically based on the work of several authors, but two of them were the mainstay of the work: Mikhail Bakhitin with his Discourse Theory, dialogism, etc; Serge Moscovici, with his Social Representations Theory. Michel Pêcheux, with Discourse Analysis Theory (AD), only was the basis for reading and examination of the speech of the teachers interviewed. The field research, which allowed conclusions about the social representations of teachers on literature, was conducted by sampling and included 334 teachers distributed over all Regional Education Coordination of the Federal District. Data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. From the perspective of social representations theory, with the guidance of bakhitinian thought and with the help of AD theory, the teacher’s speech is studied in order to understand the discursive subject - the subject into social circumstances - and their social representations of literature, their actions in the process of assimilation of teaching theories, contained in the Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais, the PCN, and the use of literature as a cultural product and as an entity ontic and ontological. _______________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMEN
Este estudio investigó las representaciones sociales de la literatura de los docentes que trabajan en alfabetización del Ciclo Básico (1º a 5 º grado) de las escuelas públicas primarias en el Distrito Federal. Los supuestos teóricos que subyacen a esta investigación, tanto en el campo de la literatura como de las Representaciones Sociales, mostraron convergencias entre las ideas de Bakhtin y Moscovici. Por lo tanto, la investigación, más allá de estas confluencias, mostró las nociones de los profesores sobre la literatura y en consecuencia la lectura de textos literarios. Literatura aquí se ve como un producto de la creación poética, de ficción o dramáticos, quizás el trabajo de la imaginación creadora en todos los niveles de la sociedad, en todos los tipos de cultivo, teniendo en cuenta el texto como un género literario, ya que las expresiones más populares a las más complejas y de formas difíciles de la producción escrita. La literatura es considerada como fábula y como un incompresible bien, un bien que no se puede negar a nadie. Para comprender las representaciones sociales de la literatura entre los que son responsables de la alfabetización y la alfabetización temprana no sólo en portugués, sino también en los diversos campos del conocimiento, significa comprender las ideas de quienes son los creadores de las primeras impresiones de los niños sobre la lectura, acerca de la escuela y su relación con el arte literario, su importancia, su alcance y su función social. La metodología utilizada en la investigación es mixto, ya que el estudio bibliográfico se mezcla con la investigación de campo. La búsqueda bibliográfica se basa teóricamente en el trabajo de varios autores, pero hay, entre ellos, dos que son el pilar de toda la obra. Ellos son Mikhail Bakhitin, con su teoría del discurso, dialogismo etc. y Serge Moscovici, con su Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales. Michel Pêcheux, con la Teoría del Análisis del Discurso (AD), solamente fue la base para la lectura y estudio de la expresión de los docentes entrevistados. La investigación de campo, lo que permitió conclusiones acerca de las representaciones sociales de los profesores de literatura, se llevó a cabo mediante un muestreo e incluyó 334 profesores distribuidos en toda la Coordinación Regional de Educación del Distrito Federal. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de cuestionarios y entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Desde la perspectiva de la teoría de las representaciones sociales, con la orientación del pensamiento de Bakhtin y con la ayuda de la teoría de AD, el discurso de los maestros se estudia con el fin de entender el tema discursivo - el tema en las circunstancias sociales - y sus representaciones sociales de la literatura, de sus acciones en el proceso de asimilación de las teorías de la enseñanza, que figuran en los Parámetros Curriculares Nacionais, el PCN, y el uso de la literatura como un producto cultural y como una entidad óntica y ontológica.

Orientador : Sirio Possenti
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudo da Linguagem
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Resumo: Esta tese é uma investigação sobre o trabalho inventivo do sujeito. A autora analisa panfletos políticos produzidos pelas duas principais frentes político-ideológicas, que disputaram as eleições no Brasil em 1998, centrando o enfoque no processo discursivo para verificar o trabalho realizado pelo sujeito panfleteiro. Sem voltar a velha hipótese do sujeito produtor e considerando o princípio dialógico bakhtiniano e a concepção de inventividade como desenvolvida por Michel de Certeau, a pesquisa busca mostrar que o panfleto é um gênero e um lugar onde o sujeito "trabalha". Esta tese destaca as táticas discursivas do sujeito que são demonstradas a partir da grande diversidade e particularidades na construção do panfleto. Contrariamente à Escola de Análise do Discurso francesa (AD) que diz que o sujeito é assujeitado pela formação ideológica que impõe o que pensar, pela formação discursiva que determina o que deve dizer, as manipulações e subversões apresentadas são resultados do trabalho de um sujeito constitutivo e inventivo como previstos por Bakhtin e por De Certeau. Em suma, a tese mostra que o sujeito é constituído por outros discursos, ou seja, pela ideologia, pelo inconsciente, pela história, mas que não é assujeitado por eles. Com efeito, entre o sujeito origem e o sujeito assujeitado pela maquinaria discursiva, há um sujeito tático que trabalha com materiais lingüísticos
Doutorado
Doutor em Linguística

Orientador: Mario Alberto de Santana
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: Esta investigação quer refletir a respeito da discursividade do ator em cena partindo do conceito de Dialogismo. Consideramos discurso como o resultado da interação dialógica de "vozes" e, para compreender tal interação, pedimos o auxílio dos filósofos do chamado "Círculo de Bakhtin". Além desta diretriz filosófica, há, aqui, também, o desejo de procurar, no pensamento produzido pelo próprio teatro, lastro para o aprofundamento em tal matéria. Segundo a óptica empregada neste estudo, toda palavra enunciada em cena assume três componentes distintas e concomitantes: a componente gestual, entonacional e verbal. Da interação destas componentes é que nasce o sentido do enunciado e o que chamaremos de palavra- corpo. Na visão desta investigação, um enunciado é algo que vai muito além do logos da mensagem; ele se faz presente e manifesta-se por meio do corpo do enunciador, transformando o próprio corpo em enunciado concreto. Aqui as principais vozes que constituem a palavra-corpo são chamadas de voz da "materialidade", voz do "imaginário", voz da "ideologia" e voz da "intuição". Segundo Bakhtin, as vozes de um discurso dialógico podem interagir de forma Heteroglóssica (ou Plurilinguista), e, nesta forma, as potências vocais são diferentes, estabelecem hierarquias; ou Polifônica, em que as mesmas vozes dialogam em equipotência. Para analisar o processo de composição de tais "palavras" escolhi como objeto os discursos empreendidos pelos intérpretes de "Primus", da "Boa Companhia" de Campinas (SP), e "Prometheus ¿ a tragédia do fogo", da paulistana "Cia. Teatro Balagan". Busco, assim, compreender o processo de composição discursiva do ator a partir de suas técnicas corporais, do jogo e da imaginação, de suas influências culturais, éticas e teóricas e, por fim, por meio de sua relação com a intuição, com o instintivo e o saber que não passa pela racionalidade
Abstract: The present investigation aims to reflect upon the discursiveness of the actor on the scene based upon the concept of Dialogue. The term discourse is herein understood as the upshot of the dialogic interaction of voices. In order to comprehend this interaction we call upon the philosophers of the Bakhtinian Circle. Besides the mentioned philosophical guidelines, there is also the desire to search within the knowledge produced inside the realm of theatre itself, for foundations that enable further delving into the matter. Conforming to the standpoint adopted in the present study, every word uttered on the scene assumes three distinct and concomitant components: gestural, intonational and verbal. It is from this interaction that arises the meaning of the enunciation and what we shall call body-word. In the perspective of the present investigation, enunciation is something that goes far beyond the Logos of the message; it is present and unfolds itself through the body of the enunciator, transforming the body itself in a concrete enunciation. The preeminent voices that constitute the Body-word are herein defined as: voice of "materiality"; voice of the "imaginary"; voice of "ideology", voice of "intuition". According to Bakhtin, the voices of a dialogic discourse may interact Heteroglossically (or Plurilinguistically) ¿ whereby the power of the voices is unequal and hierarchies are established ¿ and Polyphonically through which voices are put into dialogue in equipotent manner. In order to analyse the compositional process of the mentioned words I chose as object, the discourses put forth by the interpreters in "Primus" by a theatrical company established in Campinas (SP), and "Prometheus ¿ a tragédia do fogo" by "Cia. Teatro Balagan" a company based in São Paulo. I therefore aim to comprehend the actors¿ process of discursive composition stemming from their corporal techniques, the play of imagination, cultural, ethical and theoretical influences and lastly by virtue of their relationship with intuition, with what is instinctive and what is not rationally known
Mestrado
Teatro, Dança e Performance
Mestra em Artes da Cena

The Introduction lays out the aims and scope of the book and outlines its methodology. It triangulates the ‘dialogue’ of the title with medieval literary practices and theories of dialogue, in particular the tenzone, and with literary and linguistic theories of dialogism (Mikhail M. Bakhtin) and performative speech (John L. Austin). This Introduction provides an extensive definition of the tenzone and a summary of the critical problems surrounding this mode of writing, with particular reference to Brunetto Latini’s Rettorica. It introduces the importance of these dialogic process for our understanding of Dante and medieval Italian literature, including the works of Guittone d’Arezzo, Guido Guinizzelli, and Guido Cavalcanti.