To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Migration of labor.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Migration of labor'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Migration of labor.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Tran, Quang Lam Bryant John. "Internal labor migration : floating labor migration in Vietnam and labor migration in Kanchanaburi Demographic Surveilance System, Thailand /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd400/4737935.pdf.
Full text
2
Lin, Ji-Ping. "Labor migration in Taiwan." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0011/NQ42862.pdf.
Full text
3
Jin, Shan. "Labor Migration in China." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103634.
Full textAbstract:
With the transition of the economy in China, migrants start holding a more and more important position in the labor market. Therefore, from this dissertation, we try to explore different topics related to the migrants in China. This dissertation consists of three essays on who chooses to migrate, how networks affect migrants' outcomes, and what is the intergenerational impact of parental migration on children's risk preferences. In the first chapter, we briefly introduce the motivation and contribution, and then we provide the methods and detailed findings in the following chapters.
Chapter 2 examines the impact of the endogeneity of the decision to migrate on the wage differentials between migrants and non-migrants in China. We find that migrants are self-selected from the upper tail of the income distribution in their home location. Consistent with a theoretical model of migration choice, we show that the size of the selection effect on wage depends on the wage differences between the prefectures of origin and destination as well as migration cost. The selection effect also differs among workers with different education and in different cities.
Chapter 3 studies how networks affect migrants' migration decisions, employment, and wage levels by using 2005 China's mini-census. Different from existing studies, this paper takes into account the existence of self-selection in the labor market. With the help of a theoretical model, we have a better understanding of the mechanism of networks as well as the different network effects on rural and urban migrants. We find out that networks affect both rural and urban migrants' migration decisions positively. In terms of employment, networks exert positive impacts on rural migrants but not on urban ones, which is due to the different quality drops between rural and urban migrants when the networks increase. Such employment effects also lead rural migrants to face a more severe negative wage impact than urban migrants.
Chapter 4 investigates how parental migration affects left-behind underage children's risk preferences. By focusing on migrant parent groups, we are able to estimate whether the influence of nurture could also affect children's risk preference levels or not. The findings suggest that besides the intergenerational transmission of risk preferences between parents and children, parental migrations do have an influence on girls' risk preference levels. In addition, in terms of adult children's risk-related outcomes, we are able to find a positive parental migration impact on daughters' self-employment decisions. Findings help us have a better understanding of the relevant factors of risk preferences, and also confront the impact of the separation of parents and children.Doctor of Philosophy
Nowadays, migration becomes increasingly common and migrants take a large proportion of the labor market. With the economic development and the closer connections among regions, people are more likely to study or work outside their home locations than before. Even though there is still a strict household registration system in China, we can find the migration supporting systems are becoming established, and facilitate easier migration for more and more people. Having a better understanding of migrants helps us make better policies as well as have the labor market and society develop better. This dissertation explores who choose to migrate (Chapter 2), how the social connections or networks affect migrants' employment and wages (Chapter 3), and whether there is any intergenerational impact on migrants' children in terms of risk preferences (Chapter 4) using methods from labor economics and economic theory. We conclude that the best works tend to migrate first in the labor market, and social connections have different impacts on rural and urban migrants in terms of employment and wages. Moreover, we notice that migrant parents affect the left-behind children's risk preferences by both influences of nature and nurture. In sum, we study different topics on migrants and have a deeper understanding of how migrants are affected in the labor market as well as how migrants affect their next generations.
4
Nefodova, A. A. "Migration policy and regulation of the international labor force migration." Master's thesis, Sumy State University, 2019. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/75548.
Full textAbstract:
У роботі досліджено сутність міжнародної міграції робочої сили, класифікація цього явища та певні стратегії міграційної політики з метою запобігання нелегальної трудової міграції. Був проведений аналіз вже існуючих стратегій міграційної політики та їх ефективності. Основною метою цього дослідження є розробка рекомендацій щодо підвищення ефективності вже існуючих стратегій міграційної політики та внесення певних змін задля забезпечення їх більшої ефективності.The master’s thesis examines the essence of the term “international labor migration”, the classification of this phenomenon and certain strategies of migration policy in order to prevent illegal labor migration. The focus was on the analysis of the existing migration policy strategies and the effectiveness of these strategies. The main aim of this research is to develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness of existing migration policy strategies and for making some changes to improve its effectiveness.
5
Yakusheva, Yana, and Яна Якушева. "Determinants of labor migration in Ukraine." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2021. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/51229.
Full textAbstract:
1. Pikulyk O. Causes, features and consequences of labor migration in Ukraine. Economy and society. 2020. – №21. – P. 16-20.
2. Romanyuk M. Migration determinants of national security of Ukraine: theoretical, methodological and practical aspects. Demography and social economy. 2014. – №1. – P. 50-60.Modern migration processes are not only dynamic but also mutually conditioned. Migration is a natural manifestation of globalization. This is both a side effect and a stimulating factor. Migration affects politics, economics, society, international relations, macroeconomic relations and microeconomic relations. One form of migration is international labor migration. It is interesting to note that labor migration has accompanied humanity throughout its history. Labor migration is an integral part of the world market and economy. Labor migration is due to various factors and factors. This article is devoted to the general characteristics of the determinants of labor migration in Ukraine. In addition, the author attempted to find connections and conditioned correlations between the determinants of labor migration.
Сучасні міграційні процеси не лише динамічні, але й взаємообумовлені. Міграція є природним проявом глобалізації. Це і побічний ефект, і стимулюючий фактор. Міграція впливає на політику, економіку, суспільство, міжнародні відносини, макроекономічні відносини та мікроекономічні відносини. Однією з форм міграції є міжнародна міграція робочої сили. Цікаво відзначити, що міграція праці супроводжувала людство протягом усієї його історії. Трудова міграція є невід'ємною частиною світового ринку та економіки. Трудова міграція зумовлена різними факторами та факторами. Ця стаття присвячена загальній характеристиці детермінант трудової міграції в Україні. Крім того, автор намагався знайти зв’язки та умовні кореляційні зв’язки між детермінантами трудової міграції.
6
Phasuk, Suvaporn. "Modeling the behavior of labor migration in Thailand : does the wage play an important role in labor migration." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61735.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation uses individual-level data from Thailand’s Labor Force Survey to explain labor migration, with special attention to the effect of wage rates. By using the nested logit model, and dividing the provinces into four regions, the model fits well with regard to the flexibility of independent irrelevant alternatives for migrants who move to a province to look for a job. The results show that wage rates have the largest effect of all factors on labor migration decisions. A 1% increase in wages in a province leads to an average increase of 3% in the probability of single male migrants in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors moving to such a province to find a new job. Nonetheless, in a struggling economy, food and housing expenses become dominant factors. For single male migrants in the agricultural sector moving to a province, the effect of rice prices on that decision is statistically insignificant. The effect of the non-agriculture sector wage on labor migration was significant, positive, and relatively large. If there is a 1% increase in non-agriculture sector wages of a province, it raises the probability of single male migrants migrating to that province by 4.63%, an impressively elastic response. This research also found that agricultural workers had zero benefit in terms of their wage rate from raising rice prices, and thus raising prices of agricultural products did not induce workers to move to the agricultural sector.Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate
7
XUE, Jinjun, and Yang DU. "Labor Migration and Income Inequality in China." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16646.
Full text
8
Surovtseva, Tetyana. "Essays on labor markets, migration and trade." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/296804.
Full textAbstract:
In Part I of this thesis, I show that, when immigrants’ host and home countries engage
in trade, labor market returns to cultural capital specific to the trading partner increase.
Using two trade liberalization episodes, NAFTA and China’s accession to the WTO, I
examine how trade intensification between the US and Mexico, and the US and China
affects wages, employment and occupations of Mexican and Chinese descendants in the
US, respectively. I find that labor market demand for Mexican and Chinese descendants
increase as a result of trade intensification with Mexico and China. In Part II, I develop
a theoretical framework that integrates immigrant networks of heterogeneous qualities
and decisions about cultural assimilation and investment in education into the context
of a labor market with asymmetric information. I illustrate how network quality shapes
individual incentives to acquire education and to assimilate.En la Parte I de esta tesis, demuestro que cuando los países de origen y de destino de inmigrantes empiezan a comercializar entre ellos, el valor del capital cultural de los inmigrantes aumenta en el mercado laboral del país receptor. Uso dos episodios de liberalización comercial, y examino cómo el aumento en el comercio entre los EEUU y México, y China afectó los salarios, el empleo y la ocupación de mexicanos y chinos en EEUU. En la Parte II, se desarrolla un marco teórico que integra la red de inmigrantes de calidades heterogéneas, y las decisiones sobre la asimilación cultural y la inversión en la educación en el contexto del mercado de trabajo con información asimétrica. Ilustro como calidad de la red inmigrante determina los incentivos individuales para adquirir educación así como de asimilarse culturalmente en el país de destino.
9
Gardner, John. "The Labor Economics of the Great Migration." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2014. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/348.
Full text
10
Zlate, Andrei. "Offshore Production, Labor Migration and the Macroeconomy." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/916.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Fabio GhironiIn Chapter 1, I analyze the cross-country transmission of business cycles when firms relocate production abroad, at locations with lower labor costs. In the model, I distinguish between fluctuations in the number of offshoring firms (the extensive margin) and the value added per offshoring firm (the intensive margin) as separate transmission mechanisms. Firms are heterogeneous in labor productivity. They face a sunk entry cost at home and an additional fixed cost to produce offshore. The model replicates the extensive and intensive margin dynamics that I document for Mexico's maquiladora sector. Offshoring enhances the co-movement of output between the countries involved. Offshoring also reduces price dispersion across countries, because it dampens the real exchange rate appreciation that follows improvements in domestic productivity. In Chapter 2, I estimate the conditional correlations and impulse responses of three indicators of offshoring to Mexico (total value added, value added per plant, and the number of plants) for U.S. permanent technology shocks. Using data from U.S. manufacturing and Mexico's maquiladora sector, I identify U.S. permanent technology shocks in a structural VAR model with long-run restrictions. Following a positive shock, offshore production in Mexico exhibits an immediate increase along its intensive margin, but returns to its initial level over time. The extensive margin does not adjust on impact, but increases gradually towards a permanently higher level. The model of offshoring in Chapter 1 matches qualitatively the business cycle dynamics of offshoring to Mexico. In Chapter 3 (co-authored with Federico Mandelman), we analyze the dynamics of labor migration and the insurance role of remittances in a two-country, real business cycle framework. Emigration increases with the expected stream of future wage gains, and is dampened by the sunk cost reflecting border enforcement. During booms in the destination economy, the scarcity of established immigrants enhances the volatility of the immigrant wage and remittances. The welfare gain from the inflow of unskilled labor increases with the complementarity between skilled and unskilled labor, and with the share of the skilled among native labor. The model matches the cyclical dynamics of the unskilled immigration into the U.S. and remittances sent back to Mexico
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Economics
11
Yu, Li. "Labour market outcomes, migration intentions of rural-urban migrants and return migration in China." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Geography, c2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3340.
Full textAbstract:
It has been widely documented that migrant labourers have made great contributions to the urban economy of China; as well, the explosive growth of rural-urban migrants has generated several "migration problems," such as growing social inequality in urban China. It is widely reported that a large number of migrants have returned to their places of origin, after several years of "urban life," and this trend has been accelerated after the global economic crisis after 2008. Consequently, the large number of return migrants have created many problems in the cities, such as labour shortage in the manufacturing industry, and also posed a huge challenge to the rural areas in the resettlement of these returnees. In sum, to understand both the migrants in destination cities and return migrants in their places of origin is of great importance for both urban and rural development in China.
The research so far, on the understanding of migrants' behaviour and labour market outcomes in a multi-phased migration process, seems highly controversial and therefore, insufficient. This study, based on migrant survey data collected in Fujian Province, and return migrant interview data collected in Sichuan and Jiangxi Provinces, explores migrant labour market outcomes in the cities, as well as their geographical differentiation; migrant return intentions, and their gender differentiations; return behaviour and the resettlement situations of actual returnees. The results show that the multi-phased migration process of rural migrants in China is synthetically shaped by macro, meso, and micro factors, and by the interactions between these factors. To be more specific, findings of this study indicate that migrant labour markets in urban China are largely geographically differentiated according to several regional characteristics. The study also finds that a large proportion of rural-urban migrants intends to return to their places of origin. As well, their return intentions are significantly gender-differentiated. Finally, the resettlement situations of return migrants are closely connected to their migration experience.ix, 160 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
12
Chen, Yong. "Home equity, migration and retirement." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU0NWQmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=3739.
Full text
13
Sato, Yasuhiro. "Migration, Frictional Unemployment, and Welfare Improving Labor Policies." Blackwell, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7159.
Full text
14
Brashers, Preston M. "The Responsiveness of Migration to Labor Market Conditions." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/economics_etds/14.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation explores how migration responds to economic conditions, particularly differences in responsiveness for various segments of the population. After a brief introduction and motivation of my work in Chapter One, Chapter Two estimates the responsiveness of households’ interstate migration to origin state labor market conditions and surrounding state labor market conditions. Each percentage point increase in origin state unemployment insurance claims leads to a 3.2 percent increase in household’s propensity to migrate interstate and each percentage point increase in the unemployment insurance claims rate of surrounding states reduces interstate migration propensity by 5.2 percent. I then examine how this responsiveness varies by demographics and how it has changed over time. I determine that the responsiveness of migration to labor market conditions is weaker for several groups at high poverty risk, including less educated, non-employed and rural households and households with children present. I also show that between the early 1980s and mid 1990s labor market conditions became a smaller factor in household migration decisions, but since then labor market conditions have gained in importance. While Chapter Two examines short-run migration responsiveness, Chapter Three explores the size of the long-run outflow (or inflow) of skilled labor occurring in local areas in response to economic conditions, amenities and other area characteristics. I estimate the extent of this brain gain and brain drain within localities in the United States between the early 1990s and late 2000s, describing both absolute changes (percentage growth in the stock of educated individuals) and relative changes (growth in the share of educated individuals). For each of three measures of brain gain estimated, I show substantially more positive flows of educated individuals towards local areas with strong initial economic conditions. I also show that non-metropolitan areas are more likely to experience all three measures of brain drain. I present evidence that nonmetropolitan areas’ inability to attract and retain educated individuals stems primarily from labor market disparities including the urban-rural wage differential.
15
Rohan, Rory Delaney. "Power and forced labor| A geneology of labor and migration in the United States." Thesis, American University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1572493.
Full textAbstract:
Recently, federal agents across the US have uncovered an unprecedented number of forced labor operations, many involving non-citizens who are forced to perform farm work under threat of violence and deportation. Contemporary scholarship explains this phenomenon as the effect of liberalized economic relations, industrialized agriculture, and consumer demand for cheap products. While instructive, such explanations leave open questions of how historical factors sanction the coercive farm labor relations seen today. Using the genealogical method, this paper examines the history of labor practices in Florida, a state in which forced labor not only flourished before the Civil War, but also in which forced labor remains common today.
After highlighting how Florida's ante-bellum and post-bellum labor practices and discourses imbued employment with normative valuations, this paper argues that such discourses and practices have since been taken up by state and federal institutions, eventually influencing laws and policies concerning labor, prisoners, and immigrants. These historically embedded practices and discourses, moreover, function to discipline the lives and govern the status of non-citizens in and through employment.
16
Klanarong, Nisakorn. "Female international labour migration from Southern Thailand /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk632.pdf.
Full text
17
Behner-Szwierczynski, Christine. "Labor Migration - challenges and enrichment for societies and corporations." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11759396.
Full text
18
Annett, Kevin Daniel. "International labor migration : a comparative perspective on Canadian policy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26357.
Full textAbstract:
More than twenty million human beings are pursuing work in foreign lands in the 1980's, the majority of them unskilled men or families in search of higher wages. These migrant workers are the most vulnerable souls among us, for they lack legal status in a world where the statusless are immediate victims. Nevertheless, both developing and mature economies have relied on these mobile workers as a cheap labor source, and have used and discarded migrants according to economic and political expediency. From the Mexican bracero smuggled illegally into the United States to the massive foreign workforce of Saudi Arabia, migrants have been imported with impunity because of their low wage utility, but universally have been kept in a temporary, stateless condition with few guaranteed rights.
Canada is an exception to this global trend, and this fact is the subject of my thesis. Although facing the same general economic compulsions of other nations, especially the competitive need to lower its costs of production, Canada has imported few migrant workers since the 1950's, and has pursued a policy of settling immigrants as residents rather than maintaining a temporary foreign workforce. The reasons for this constitute the central problem of my thesis.
Being a global and systemic phenomenon, labor migration must be studied in a comparative manner. This is particularly true when one considers the variety of cultural and policy responses which attend the arrival of migrant workers in different countries. Accordingly, my investigation of the reasons for Canada's policy approach to migrant labor begins with a consideration of the nature and evolution of policy responses of other nations to migrants. Such a comparative analytical method provides a more complete profile of migratory labor as well as a yardstick against which the Canadian experience can be contrasted.
My general conclusions are the result of a comparative and historical appreciation of labor migration to Canada. A settlement tradition, a small and fluctuating labor market, and a political and cultural aversion to temporary labor migration have combined to create Canada's notably durable policy approach to migrant workers since World War II; one which has consciously limited the size of the non-settled foreign worker population despite the economic benefits of cheap migrant labor.
My study has also illuminated the almost universally narrow policy approach of governments to migrant workers, who initially are conceived of in purely economic terms without regard to their long-term social impact. Reflective of immediate political and economic interests, public policy is inherently adaptive and shifting, and accordingly governments have lacked a broad perspective on both migrant workers and the social-economic problems which engender their importation.
My final observation is one which recognizes the indivisibility of moral and "practical" issues regarding migrant workers. The latter are people, not a lifeless economic category, and are victims of global inequalities which prompt migration abroad. Unfortunately, the humanity of the migrant is the first reality ignored by policy-makers and employers. It has been convenient for powerful men to keep migrants stateless and devoid of rights so as to better exploit their labor. In this way, the modern migrant resembles the Holocaust era Jew who first had to be deprived of his and her nationality before mass annihalation was possible. The twentieth century is a graphic testament to the fact that the statusless person is wholly at the mercy of others.
Thus, for moral and analytical reasons, ultimate answers to the problems created by migrating populations are not possible without addressing global rather than purely national conditions, and without replacing pragmatic self-interest with empathic understanding.Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
19
Brandén, Maria. "Gendered Migration Patterns within a Sex Segregated Labor Market." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-97099.
Full textAbstract:
When a couple moves, the woman is often placed at a disadvantage. Moves are more often motivated by men’s career advancement opportunities, and men tend to gain more economically from moving. In this thesis, these patterns are examined with an eye on the role of sex segregation on the labor market. Results from the four studies indicate that there exist gender differences in couples’ migration patterns in Sweden. These differences cannot be completely explained by occupational sex segregation or by traditional gender ideologies. I. Compared to men, women are more willing to move for the sake of their partner’s employment opportunities. Further, fathers move for the sake of their own career more often than mothers. Gender differences in these patterns are greater among individuals with gender traditional attitudes, but also exist in more egalitarian relationships. II. In a couple, the man’s educational attainment affects couples’ mobility more than the woman’s. This is because highly educated men’s occupations have more career advancement opportunities and larger differences in wages between regions, whereas women’s occupations have higher geographic ubiquity. Both partners’ occupational characteristics have an equal impact on the couple’s mobility. III. When a couple moves, the man benefits more financially than the woman. This differential cannot be wholly explained by occupational differences. Some of the lag in women’s earnings development can be accounted for by childbearing following a move. Occupations’ with greater geographic ubiquity correlate with more positive financial outcomes for both men and women following a move. IV. At the start of co-residence, it is more common that the woman moves to the man than vice versa, and women generally move longer distances than men. Age differentails between partners explain part of these migration differences. Furthermore, men’s migration propensities and distance moved are more affected by labor market ties than women’s.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Accepted.
20
Ilkserim, Ayselin Yildiz. "Labor Migration In Europe Within The Context Of Demographic Challenges." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605341/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Today, it is a very crucial problem that many European countries are encountering demographic challenges stemming from the population decline and aging and according to many studies and future projections, this demographic trend will reach more critical levels for the next 50 years. The most prominent impact of this demographic situation will be on social security systems that the functioning and sustainability of pension and health care systems will be severely damaged with regard to the rapidly increasing number of elderly and the decline in number of young labor force resulting from the low births rates all over Europe. In this context, labor migration that received significant attention, has risen up to the agenda of Europe to serve as a policy option to mitigate the adverse consequences of demographic challenges. Taking its impetus from the mentioned demographic problem, this thesis aims to analyze the discussions over labor migration as a foreseen policy option to compensate the shortage of labor force in Europe. It also intents to bring relevant data and current debates together to generate a ground in order to open this critical issue to discussion and to elaborate the feasibility of labor migration need for Europe. In this regard, the thesis scrutinizes the reactions of European states regarding their reluctance to open their borders again for &ldquomass influx&rdquo
and examines briefly the other preferred and enforced policies that exclude migration option, such as aiming to increase fertility rates, ameliorate social security systems or encourage the native labor force participation. By taking all these into account, this thesis aspires to attract attention to this urgent problem and evaluates the labor migration need in Europe by presenting the relevant reactions and appraisals shaping the migration policies both at the nation state and EU level. Finally, this thesis attempts to contribute to the literature in terms of generating a base for further intensified discussions and studies which constitutes a significant need in the context of interaction between demography and migration in Europe.
21
Sorensen, Todd Andrew. "Three Essays in Labor Economics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194807.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation consists of three essays in labor economics. The first essay models how migrants crossing the border between the United States and Mexico respond to increases in border enforcement. We model a potential migrants' joint decision of whether to cross the border and, if so, where to cross the border using a random utility function. Our model allows us to calculate the migrants' substitution patterns: does more enforcement primarily on one part of the border primarily deter migrants from crossing the border altogether, or simply divert them to other parts of the border? We find that a substantial proportion of migrants are indeed diverted. These findings should serve as a caveat to policy makers who seek to address immigration reform issues primarily through tightening the border.The second chapter models the internal migration decisions of U.S. households during the period 935 to 1940. We measure the impact of spending on New Deal programs on migration patterns. Using a model of random utility similar to that in prior chapter, we find that more public works and relief spending in a region made it more attractive to potential migrants, while additional spending on the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) made the locale less attractive. The structural nature of our model allows us to compute counterfactual estimates to assess the overall impact of these programs. We find that regional disparities in spending on public works and relief programs we responsible for nearly 20% of long distance moves made between regions during this period.In the third chapter, we decompose the gap between mean sentences for males and females in the U.S. criminal justice system into the portion that can be explained by differences in the average severity of the crime committed by males and females and the portion explained by differences in how males and females who commit the same crime are treated. We find that differences in characteristics of the defendant can explain only half of the gap between mean male and females sentences, suggesting that women receive more lenient treatment in the U.S. criminal justice system.
22
Rohr-Zanker, Ruth. "Does migration benefit disadvantaged workers?" Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38758.
Full text
23
Rohr-Zänker, Ruth. "Does migration benefit disadvantaged workers? /." This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07112007-092848/.
Full text
24
Chen, Chia-Le Joy. "Parental labor migration and children's educational progress in rural China." CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2007. http://dspace.wrlc.org/handle/1961/4246.
Full text
25
Sprouse, Terry Wayne 1953. "Household labor decisions and migration in San Luis Potosi, Mexico." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277988.
Full textAbstract:
In central Mexico's semi-arid highlands, it is common practice for ejidatarios (members of a communal farm, or ejido) to migrate to the United States and other parts of Mexico in order to generate enough household income. Economic and demographic traits within the household affect the decision of an ejidatario to migrate. This thesis examines the effects of those traits on migration decisions. Migration data and household characteristics were collected from 169 ejidatario families (1415 individual family members) from four ejidos in the state of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. In addition, representatives of various governmental and non-governmental organizations who work with the ejidos were interviewed.
26
Pena, Liza Beatriz. "Discrepancies in Labor Market Outcomes From Migration Evidence From Colombia." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5100.
Full textAbstract:
As of 2012, approximately 10% of the population in Colombia has been displaced by violence. The main motivation of this paper is to estimate the effect of interregional migration on employment outcomes in the country between 1993 and 2005. Using violence as an instrument for migration, I analyzed the differential effects of migration on specific employment outcomes across gender and skill levels. I find that a one percentage point increase in net migration only increases the unemployment rates of female migrants by 0.656 percentage point. I also find that net migration rates do not affect the employment conditions of low-skilled natives, even in industries with high composition of migrant workers.
27
Luciy, V. I. "International labor migration and its impact on the world economy." Master's thesis, Sumy State University, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86544.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the master's level degree qualification paper is theoretically to justify and develop scientific and methodological principles and practical proposals aimed at analyzing and assessing the impact of labor migration on the economy and its prospectsin the context of globalization.Метою магістерської кваліфікаційної роботи є теоретичне обґрунтування та розробка науково-методичних засад та практичних пропозицій, спрямованих на аналіз та оцінку впливу трудової міграції на економіку та її перспективи в умовах глобалізації.
28
Warmsingh, Subordas. "Determinants and impacts of international labour migration in rural Thailand /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw277.pdf.
Full text
29
McEntarfer, Erika L. "Three Essays on Social Networks in Labor Markets." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29531.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation consists of three essays examining the important role of job connections, references, and word of mouth information in labor markets. The first essay examines the importance of job connections for internal migrants. In this chapter, I develop a theoretical model where labor market networks provide labor market information with less noise than information obtained in the formal market. This model predicts lower initial wages and greater wage growth after migration for migrants without contacts. I then use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY) to examine whether migrants who used social connections when finding their first job assimilate faster in the new region. Consistent with the theoretical model, I find that migrants who did not use social connections take longer to assimilate in the new region.
The second essay models how screening workers through social networks impacts labor mobility in markets with adverse selection. When there is asymmetric information in labor markets, worker mobility is constrained by adverse selection in the market for experienced workers. However, if workers can acquire references through their social networks then they can move more easily between jobs. In this chapter I develop a simple labor market model in which workers can learn the productivity of other workers through social interaction. I show that networks increase wages and mobility of high-productivity experienced workers; however, networks discourage workers from accepting jobs outside their job-contact network, because of adverse selection.
The third essay in this dissertation examines the importance of social networks in labor markets when work is produced jointly. Most employers cite poor attitude and poor fit with firm culture as their greatest problems in recruiting employees, rating these factors more important than skill. This is easily explained when the output of the firm requires that workers engage in work together. In this essay, I explain why it might be rational for firms to hire through social networks even when worker skill is observed perfectly, if these workers are better able to do joint work with the firm s existing employees.Ph. D.
30
Xu, Zhongling. "Labour migration and economic development in Guangdong, China : implications for labour mobility /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19892731.
Full text
31
Maro, Mkasafari Grace. "Economic impact of international labour migration on Lesotho's development, 1986-1998: towards an international labour migration policy for the Southern African region." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007496.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis is to identify the pressures that contributed to the rise in international labour migration in Lesotho, and to investigate how these pressures are impacting upon the modernization process in the country, particularly at a time when employment opportunities are scarce in the southern African region. International labour migration has been used as a development tool throughout history, but especially in the 20th century by developing countries with dual labour markets. Newly independent developing countries with dual labour markets adapted the strategy of import substitution industrialization (lSI), with an emphasis on protecting infant industries and promoting pro-labour policies. In the post-colonial period the international demand for lowskilled workers rose, particularly in the North (developed countries), and in mineral rich countries including the oil exporters and South Africa, and the newly industrialising countries in East Asia. International labour migration to these countries was adapted as an integral development tool by the governments of the lSI countries. Most migrants were low-skilled and temporary workers in the destination countries. Although no multilateral institutional framework existed, usually both the sending and receiving countries adapted unilateral and bilateral migration policies to guarantee the gains from migration. Workers were thus "protected" to varying degrees under such agreements. From the 1970s, the North experienced a slowdown in the growth in demand for unskilled workers. In the 1980s, many lSI countries experienced devastating economic crises that forced them to abandon the lSI policy and adapt the export-led industrialisation (EOI) policy with an emphasis on trade liberalization. The switch from lSI to EOI in developing countries with dual labour markets led to the downsizing of public sector employment, the removal of marketing boards formally used by small-scale agricultural farmers, and the expansion of export processing zones (EPZs). These outcomes resulted in a rise in push internal migration, and international migration from these countries especially to other developing countries. At the same time, since the late 1980s, capital has acquired greatly enhanced mobility at the global level. The adaptation of EOI and the full mobility of capital at the global level altered the institutional structure within which labour migration was governed both nationally, and internationally. At the national level stricter unilateral policies were reinforced by receiving countries for low-skilled labour, while less strict policies applied for skilled labour. These remain in operation in conjunction with the earlier bilateral agreements. At the international level, there remains a lack of policy to regulate international labour migration. Under the current enhanced mobility of capital, international migrants are thus left vulnerable. Lesotho fits this pattern. Faced with a dual economy and an abundance of semi-skilled labour, Lesotho has been a principal supplier of labour to the South Africa's mining industry since its independence. Lesotho's industrial diversification thus mirrors South Africa's industrial diversification. In the lSI phase (1968 - 1987), international labour migration became the most important tool of economic welfare generation in Lesotho. Bilateral agreements were signed in the early 1970s between Lesotho and South Africa to guarantee the gains from migration. Since the late I980s, the mining industry in South Africa began to downsize production and employment. Fewer novice miners from Lesotho were recruited to work in South Africa. The adaptation of the EOI policy in Lesotho in 1987 introduced EPZ industrialization and trade liberalization. Nevertheless, the retrenchment of mine workers from South Africa is occurring at a time when Lesotho is experiencing an employment crisis. The political independence of South Africa in 1994 was accompanied by stricter international migration policies by the new democratic government of South Africa. Most migrant workers in South Africa are thus now faced with a two-door policy (of the earlier bilateral agreements and the amendments to the Aliens Control Act). This system has left migrant workers vulnerable to exploitation by both employers and the law (police) in South Africa. Nevertheless, international migration from Lesotho to South Africa continues to expand, particularly of the new type of migration - semiskilled female workers in the services sector. At the same time, South Africa is also experiencing an employment crisis. The most important policy implications are, firstly, that migration is subject to the same "casualisation" as other work, with the effects made worse by the "statelessness" of migrants, who are most vulnerable to exploitation. Secondly, multilateralism is needed (e.g., SADC) and holistic, multilateral policies are required. It is clear that under the new global division of labour ad hoc policy towards international labour migration is ineffective.
32
Домашенко, Марина Дмитрівна, Марина Дмитриевна Домашенко, Maryna Dmytrivna Domashenko, and D. S. Pimonenko. "Ukraine in international migration processes." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/86612.
Full text
33
Loem, Senghuo. "Labor Mobility and Industrialization in Post-Socialist Cambodia." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1494934181936051.
Full text
34
Adi, Rianto. "The impact of international labour migration in Indonesia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha2345.pdf.
Full text
35
Kharel, Arjun. "Female labor migration and the restructuring of migration discourse: a study of female workers from Chitwan, Nepal." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32662.
Full textAbstract:
Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work
Laszlo Kulcsar
Nepali women are often barred from going abroad through discriminatory state policies, and the women engaging in foreign employment are generally perceived as "loose" women in Nepalese society. The female migrant workers are also represented as lacking "agency" and "victims" of sex trafficking in the Nepalese media. Despite the unfavorable socio-political contexts, a substantial number of Nepali women have engaged in transnational labor migration in the last two decades, often "illegally" by using the open Nepal-India border to reach the destination countries. The study investigates the impact of women's migration on the dominant discourse relating to female workers' sexuality and agency by analyzing the experiences of female workers from Chitwan, Nepal, who have returned after working as housemaids in the Persian Gulf. The study finds that the dominant discourse is both contested and reproduced during the emigration process and after the return of female workers. However, the dominant discourse is overall restructured in the emigrant communities due to women's participation in foreign employment and return with diverse experiences. As women's varied migration experiences are hardly reported in the national media, the discursive change in the local communities does not necessarily bring a (similar) change in the national discourse. While violence prevailed against female workers in the Gulf, most acts of violence were indirect and non-physical. The extreme forms of violence, such as physical and sexual abuses, which are usually reported in the media, were somewhat uncommon. The major complaints of the respondents were low wages, withholding and non-payment of wages, withholding of passport, extremely long hours of work, constant criticism, lack of adequate rest, and the feeling of confinement. The violence against the housemaids was largely facilitated by the sponsorship-based labor recruitment system in the Gulf that bound the migrant workers with their employers. At the micro level, the living arrangement (having to live with the employers) was also a contributing factor to violence against the female workers. The female workers who were employed in a household with multiple housemaids were less likely to experience violence than those who were the only maid in the employer's house.
36
Giulietti, Corrado. "Essays on migration and labour markets." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/141971/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the relationships between immigration and labour mar- kets. The work consists of three empirical papers that examine particular aspects of this relationship. The first paper investigates the hypothesis that immigrants are attracted by a particular labour market institution, the minimum wage. The empirical analysis is implemented by assessing the impact that an exogenous increase in the federal USA minimum wage has on the immigration ows of low-skilled individuals. The main findings are that low-wage workers move to States where the growth of the minimum wage is larger, while high-wage individuals are insensitive to the policy. The second paper analyses the effects of immigration in the host labour market, in particular on the mobility of previous residents. The main objective is to investigate if inflows of recent immigrants determine an out-migration of natives and earlier immigrants. This is achieved by analysing patterns of internal mi- gration using information on the local authority of origin and destination and on the skill level of individuals. The analysis demonstrates that, while UK-born individuals and recent immigrants move to similar locations, earlier immigrants are instead displaced, suggesting closer substitutability with the newcomers. The impact of ethnic networks on employment outcomes is the final topic of the thesis. The important feature of this study is to examine this effect separately for immigrants and natives. This is achieved by analysing detailed data on ethnic enclaves from two Censuses of England and Wales, which are used to construct an index that captures local interactions. The results show that, for the majority of immigrant groups, a larger informal network is associated with higher employ- ment probabilities. For the group of natives, there is no evidence that living in an enclave is detrimental to employment, and the eect is, at worst, zero.
37
Åslund, Olof, and Mattias Engdahl. "Open borders, transport links and local labor markets." Uppsala universitet, Institutet för arbetsmarknadspolitisk utvärdering (IFAU), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-200235.
Full textAbstract:
We study the labor market impact of opening borders to low-wage countries. The analysis exploits time and regional variation provided by the 2004 EU enlargement in combination with transport links to Sweden from the new member states. The results suggest an adverse impact on earnings of present workers in the order of 1 percent in areas close to pre-existing ferry lines. The effects are present in most segments of the labor market but tend to be greater in groups with weaker positions. The impact is also clearer in industries which have received more workers from the new member states, and for which across-the-border work is likely to be more common. There is no robust evidence on an impact on employment or wages. At least part of the effects is likely due to channels other than the ones typically considered in the literature.
38
Estrada, Josué Quezada. "Texas Mexican diaspora to Washington State : recruitment, migration, and community, 1940-1960." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/j_estrada_050507.pdf.
Full text
39
Westerlund, Olle. "Economic Influences on Migration in Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för nationalekonomi, 1995. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-17118.
Full textAbstract:
Paper [I]- Household Migration and the Local Public Sector: Evidence from Sweden, 1981-1984 (co-authored with Michael L. Wyzan), contains an empirical exploration of the nexus between variables related to the local public sector budget and migration. Micro-data is employed in binomial and multinomial-logit regressions estimating the probability to migrate. We report results separately for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, because the per capita levels of the tax base and intergovernmental grants are theoretically important migration determinants where population is sparse, while the tax rate may be more important where population is dense. Empirical results support our fiscal hypotheses and are consistent with previous findings on household characteristics. Paper [II]- Internal Gross Migration in Sweden: The effects of Variation in Mobility Grants and Regional Labour Market Conditions, focuses on the effects of labor market conditions and migratory stimuli on over county-border migration. Aggregate data on the flows of all migrants and on the flows of migrants receiving extra mobility stimuli are used in estimations of a single-equation migration model based on the hiring function. The results indicate that regional migration flows respond to changes in labor market conditions in accordance with predictions from economic theory. This result seems mainly to stem from the migratory behavior of the unemployed. In addition, nonmatching migration subsidies at the levels employed are not found to be migration enhancing. Paper [IH]- Employment Opportunities, Wages and Interregional Migration in Sweden 1970-1989, deals with the impact of aggregate labor turnover and regional labor market conditions on gross in- and outmigration. Annual panel data is used in estimation of separate in- and outmigration functions, where regional labor market conditions are assumed to be endogenous with migration under two different assumptions concerning the working of the labor market. An increase in the regional excess supply of labor is found to increase outmigration and decrease inmigration. Moreover, cyclical variation in labor turnover is positively correlated with gross migration. The hypothesized effects of real wages on migration are not confirmed. The results are not sensitive to the various assumptions concerning regional wage formation considered in this study. Paper [IV]- A Panel Study of Migration, Household Real Earnings and Self-Selec- tion (co-authored with Roger Axelsson). The effects of migration on household real earnings are examined. Data pertain to a sample of stable household constellations in Sweden, 1978-1991. A treatment-effect model is employed, whereby the potential effects of nonrandom sampling of data on earnings for migrants and nonmigrants are taken into account. We find that stable multi-adult household constellations did not gain in income from migration during the 1980s. In addition, we find no strong indications of selection bias in the income equation.digitalisering@umu
40
Reynolds, Taylor Reynolds. "Theories on the Implications of Migration." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461323809.
Full text
41
徐宗玲 and Zhongling Xu. "Labour migration and economic development in Guangdong, China: implications for labour mobility." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31237903.
Full text
42
Foster, Margaret. "Environmental upgrading and intra-urban migration in Calcutta." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1989. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13858/.
Full textAbstract:
Approximately a third of the population of Calcutta live in slums and an estimated 43% live below the poverty level. This work examines the connections between three types of slums or low income settlements within the metropolitan area and investigates how recent attempts at improving one type, the Calcutta bustees, has affected the urban poor. Bustees are rented rooms in legal, traditionally designed, single storey buildings within the city. Since 1971 a large scale improvement Metropolitan programme has been implemented by the Calcutta Development Authority with the objectives of improving the health and sanitation, as well as the employment prospects, of bustee dwellers. However the bustees occupy valuable urban land in a city of severe shortage. Intra-urban migration, created by the natural increase of bustee tenants, is exacerbated by increasing land prices. Rent control exists but rather than offer protection it appears to be driving the real cost of obtaining accommodation underground, demands for large key money payments and evictions of sitting tenants have been reported. Some bustee landlords are rebuilding their properties into expensive, middle class apartment blocks. This has meant that those who were targeted for help have actually moved out of the area, often to settlements with far worse facilities than the bustees. Some moved to suburban slums far away from their work, while others became illegal squatters in the city close to job opportunities. Poor people are therefore moving out of the city to peripheral, legal, rented slums where there is space - but no employment, infrastructure, or services. As they seek accommodation in the suburbs, rents there are beginning to rise sharply. Suburban residents are suffering from the 'domino effect' of rising costs. They are priced out of the area and join the illegal squatter settlements back in the city. This study questions the appropriateness of area based investment strategies for the long term benefit of the urban poor.
43
Zibrowius, Michael [Verfasser], and Regina T. [Akademischer Betreuer] Riphahn. "Essays on labor and migration economics / Michael Zibrowius. Betreuer: Regina T. Riphahn." Erlangen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1038871158/34.
Full text
44
Howenstine, Erick. "Misperception of destination encouraging migration of Mexican labor to Yakima Valley, Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5623.
Full text
45
Morán, Hilcías E. "Three essays on migration, remittances and human capital formation." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3380105.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Economics, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 13, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-12, Section: A, page: 4784. Adviser: Gerhard Glomm.
46
Aguilar, Esteva Arturo. "Essays in Development and Labor Economics." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10413.
Full text
47
Lazareva, Olga. "Labor market outcomes during the Russian transition." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2009. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/787.htm.
Full text
48
Hamann, Volker. "The impact of international labor migration on regional development the example of Zacatecas, Mexico." Kassel Kassel Univ. Press, 2006. http://d-nb.info/986624284/34.
Full text
49
Hamann, Volker. "The impact of international labor migration on regional development the example of Zacatecas, Mexico /." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986624284/34.
Full text
50
Atatimur, Neslihan. "Reasons And Consequences Of International Labor Migration Of Women Into Turkey: Ankara Case." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610109/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the reasons and consequences of
international labor migration of women workers into Turkey. With the
process of new global restructuring, transformations in production
structure and labor organization, and rise of informal economy widen the
gap between different geographies and generate a tied demand and supply
relation between female labor and service sector. Today millions of
women who suffer from poverty leave their countries in order to sell their
labor in another country. Turkey has been a popular destination for women
from post-Soviet countries since the 1980s. Many of them enter Turkey
legally in accordance with Turkish visa requirements but become illegal
by overstaying and working in country. Service sectors absorb this female
labor, and many of them are employed as live-in domestic workers.
This study aims to investigate how macro factors of international
migration like global restructuring and transformations in the informal
economy affects meso and micro structures. In this context, this study
focuses on the formation of intermediary agencies and particularly
individual migratory experiences of post-Soviet women in Ankara.