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Journal articles on the topic 'Migration, Internal – Sweden – History'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Nygren, Victoria. "Migrant Men in Misery : Result from a Qualitative Life History Analysis on Individuals and Families Concerning Internal Migration, Health and Life Circumstances in Early 19th Century, Linköping, Sweden." Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for the History of Public Health 6, no. 1 (July 19, 2007): 107–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/hygiea.1403-8668.0761107.

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2

van der Ven, E., C. Dalman, S. Wicks, P. Allebeck, C. Magnusson, J. van Os, and J. P. Selten. "Testing Ødegaard's selective migration hypothesis: a longitudinal cohort study of risk factors for non-affective psychotic disorders among prospective emigrants." Psychological Medicine 45, no. 4 (August 1, 2014): 727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714001780.

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BackgroundThe selection hypothesis posits that the increased rates of psychosis observed among migrants are due to selective migration of people who are predisposed to develop the disorder. To test this hypothesis, we examined whether risk factors for psychosis are more prevalent among future emigrants.MethodA cohort of 49 321 Swedish military conscripts was assessed at age 18 years on cannabis use, IQ, psychiatric diagnosis, social adjustment, history of trauma and urbanicity of place of upbringing. Through data linkage we examined whether these exposures predicted emigration out of Sweden. We also calculated the emigrants' hypothetical relative risk compared with non-emigrants for developing a non-affective psychotic disorder.ResultsLow IQ [odds ratio (OR) 0.5, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.3–0.9] and ‘poor social adjustment’ (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.8) were significantly less prevalent among prospective emigrants, whereas a history of urban upbringing (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.4–3.7) was significantly more common. Apart from a non-significant increase in cannabis use among emigrants (OR 1.6, 95% CI 0.8–3.1), there were no major group differences in any other risk factors. Compared to non-emigrants, hypothetical relative risks for developing non-affective psychotic disorder were 0.7 (95% CI 0.4–1.2) and 0.8 (95% CI 0.7–1.0), respectively, for emigrants narrowly and broadly defined.ConclusionsThis study adds to an increasing body of evidence opposing the selection hypothesis.

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3

Gärtner, Svenja. "New Macroeconomic Evidence on Internal Migration in Sweden, 1967–2003." Regional Studies 50, no. 1 (May 15, 2014): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2014.899693.

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4

Amcoff, Jan, and Thomas Niedomysl. "Back to the City: Internal Return Migration to Metropolitan Regions in Sweden." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 45, no. 10 (January 2013): 2477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a45492.

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5

Korpi, Martin, and William A. V. Clark. "Human Capital Theory and Internal Migration: Do Average Outcomes Distort Our View of Migrant Motives?" Migration Letters 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 237–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v14i2.329.

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By modelling the distribution of percentage income gains for movers in Sweden, using multinomial logistic regression, this paper shows that those receiving large pecuniary returns from migration are primarily those moving to the larger metropolitan areas and those with higher education, and that there is much more variability in income gains than what is often assumed in models of average gains to migration. This suggests that human capital models of internal migration often overemphasize the job and income motive for moving, and fail to explore where and when human capital motivated migration occurs.

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6

Andersson, Martin. "Rural Migration in Premodern Europe: Sweden, 1613–1618." Journal of Migration History 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23519924-08020002.

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Abstract Although most people in the past lived in agrarian communities, premodern rural migration has long been a neglected subject within the field of migration history. The aim of this study is to enhance our knowledge of rural household migration in premodern Europe. It is based on the Älvsborg lösen taxation records, in which household migration data was registered for the Swedish population during a five-year period at the beginning of the seventeenth century. The study focuses on rural household migration rates, distances and destinations. It shows that 5 per cent of rural households in Sweden moved annually, with about two-thirds of these being ‘local’ migrants, which is consistent with what has previously been reported for other European regions. Migration was consequentially not only part of the life-course of most individuals, but also of great importance for the rural economy and societies in premodern Europe.

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7

McCants, Anne. "Internal Migration in Friesland, 1750-1805." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 22, no. 3 (1992): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204986.

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8

Dribe, Martin, Björn Eriksson, and Francesco Scalone. "Migration, marriage and social mobility: Women in Sweden 1880–1900." Explorations in Economic History 71 (January 2019): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eeh.2018.09.003.

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9

Azamatovich, Sultanov Abdulla. "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE REGULATION OF POPULATION MIGRATION." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 03, no. 01 (January 1, 2022): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume04issue01-02.

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This article discusses the current situation in Uzbekistan in the field of external and internal migration, the ongoing work on the coordination of population migration, in particular, the use of modern information technologies in the regulation of population migration. In order to further increase the effectiveness of work in this area, the general aspects of the experience of Germany, Spain and Sweden, which are members of the European Union, are analyzed, and the most important aspects to be considered in the application of digital technologies in regulating migration.

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10

Westerlund, Olle. "Internal Migration in Sweden: The Effects of Mobility Grants and Regional Labour Market Conditions." Labour 12, no. 2 (July 1998): 363–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9914.00072.

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11

Niedomysl, Thomas, and Jan Amcoff. "Why return migrants return: survey evidence on motives for internal return migration in Sweden." Population, Space and Place 17, no. 5 (October 14, 2010): 656–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psp.644.

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12

Rugunanan, Pragna, and Celine Meyers. "Exploring Sweden and South Africa’s Responses to Mass Migration during the Period 2015–2019." Thinker 94, no. 1 (February 17, 2023): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36615/the_thinker.v94i1.2360.

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Sweden and South Africa are two major transnational destinations and attract large numbers of refugees and migrants, primarilydue to their ease of immigration policies. Besides their unique historical relations which can be traced back to as early as the 1890s, both countries continue to experience high volumes of mass migration and forced mobility which peaked in 2015. Following the so-called ‘Syrian refugee crisis’, Sweden witnessed the second largest asylum applications in Europe. At around the same time, South Africa experienced its highest backlog of asylum applications. It is against this backdrop of a long and diverse history of relations andongoing migration that we seek to engage with the responses of both countries to mass migration using a comparative approach. The article presents a historical perspective of migration between Sweden and South Africa and examines their ongoing migration policydebates. It concludes with an analysis of current political contestations and some key lessons for each country.

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13

Glete, Jan. "Military Migration and State Formation: The British Military Community in Seventeenth-Century Sweden." Scandinavian Journal of History 28, no. 2 (July 2003): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00855910310000323.

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14

Blanck, Dag. "“Very Welcome Home Mr. Swanson”: Swedish Americans Encounter Homeland Swedes." American Studies in Scandinavia 48, no. 2 (November 1, 2016): 107–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v48i2.5454.

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This article examines different patterns of interaction between Swedish Americans and the homeland, and my interest is in the significance and consequences of these encounters. The mass emigration of some 1,3 million Swedes in the 19th and early 20th centuries was a fundamental event in Swedish history, and as a result a separate social and cultural community—Swedish America—was created in the U.S. and a specific population group of Swedish Americans emerged. Close to a fifth of these Swedish Americans returned to Sweden, and in their interaction with the old homeland they were seen as a distinct group in Sweden and became carriers of a specific American experience. Swedish Americans thus became a visible sub-group in Sweden and it is the significance of this population that I am interested in. The article looks at both material and immaterial effects of the return migration and at the larger significance of Swedish America and Swedish Americans for Sweden.

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15

Brändström, Anders, Jan Sundin, and Lars-Göran Tedebrand. "TWO CITIES Urban Migration and Settlement in Nineteenth-Century Sweden." History of the Family 5, no. 4 (November 2000): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1081-602x(00)00053-1.

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16

Nicholas, Stephen, and Peter R. Shergold. "Internal migration in England, 1818–1839." Journal of Historical Geography 13, no. 2 (April 1987): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0305-7488(87)80144-5.

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17

DRIBE, MARTIN, and CHRISTER LUNDH. "People on the move: determinants of servant migration in nineteenth-century Sweden." Continuity and Change 20, no. 1 (May 2005): 53–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026841600400534x.

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This article deals with the high mobility of servants in preindustrial northwestern Europe. By combining both a qualitative and a quantitative approach we analyse the determinants of servant migration in the province of Scania, in southern Sweden, during the nineteenth century. The analysis shows that about half of the moves were connected to the structure of working-life organization, servant hierarchy and marriage. The rest depended on a range of other factors such as the type and structure of the master's household, variations in the demand for labour caused by fluctuations in harvest yields, conflicts within households, or a wish to gain additional training.

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18

Rinderle, Hanna. "I Guds Namn. Migration Och Främlingskap I Lennart Hagerfors Längta Hem. Om Ett Missionärsbarn I Kongo." Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 24, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fsp-2018-0006.

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Abstract In this article I analyze the autobiographical novel Längta hem. Om ett missionärsbarn i Kongo (2003) by Lennart Hagerfors in order to understand how otherness is presented and how it is linked to the status of migration and being Swedish. I argue that the novel shows two distinct forms of otherness. The first is on the personal and individual level of the protagonist that is caused by his migration from Sweden to Congo. The other is on a cultural and national level, which situates Sweden in between the Congolese and French culture. While the first personal form of strangeness is viewed as problematic and must be overcome, the second form can be read as an expression of the positive Swedish self-image that situates Sweden outside of Europe’s colonial history and therefore posits Sweden as a type of humanitarian Great Power or global conscience.

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19

Makela, Anneli, and Bernt Douhan. "Arbete, kapital och migration: Valloninvandringen till Sverige under 1600-talet [Labor, Capital, and Migration: The Migration of Walloons to Sweden in the Seventeenth Century]." American Historical Review 92, no. 4 (October 1987): 975. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1864024.

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20

Steidl, Annemarie, Engelbert Stockhammer, and Hermann Zeitlhofer. "Relations among Internal, Continental, and Transatlantic Migration in Late Imperial Austria." Social Science History 31, no. 1 (2007): 61–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013651.

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The article investigates the relations among internal, Continental, and transatlantic migration in late imperial Austria by combining information from passenger records of ships to the United States and internal district-level migration data from the Austrian census. Combined with other statistical sources, a snapshot of migration to the United States is provided in the context of long-standing patterns of internal and Continental migration and the changing socioeconomic structures of the empire. The relationships between internal and transatlantic movements and the determinants of migration to the United States are analyzed by means of regression analysis. In late imperial Austria internal mobility was negatively related to transatlantic migration. This suggests the existence of different migration systems with different patterns of internal, Continental, and transatlantic migration.

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21

Korpi, M., W. A. V. Clark, and B. Malmberg. "The urban hierarchy and domestic migration: the interaction of internal migration, disposable income and the cost of living, Sweden 1993-2002." Journal of Economic Geography 11, no. 6 (December 22, 2010): 1051–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbq043.

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22

Kallio-Seppä, Titta. "Facing Otherness in Early Modern Sweden: Travel, Migration and Material Transformations, 1500–1800." Historical Archaeology 53, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 211–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41636-019-00162-2.

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23

Mattiace, Shannan, and Tomas Nonnenmacher. "Internal Migration to Yucatán, Mexico: Moving for Security." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 38, no. 3 (2022): 406–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2022.38.3.406.

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Between 2000 and 2020, over one-third of the population increase of Yucatán’s capital city, Mérida, was due to the increase in the population born in another state in Mexico. Compared to the rest of Mexico and to Yucatán’s historical patterns, the growth in the out-of-state population during this time period has been unusual and dramatic. We focus on one explanation for this growth: the increase in criminal violence and insecurity in the rest of Mexico that has made Yucatán an attractive destination for Mexicans seeking safe spaces to work, raise their families, and retire. Migration-policy specialists, the media, and scholars often focus their attention on Internally Displaced Peoples (IDPs), who are forcibly displaced from their homes in contexts of generalized violence. Although migrants to Yucatán cite security concerns more than migrants to any other state, few come from states in which IDPs have been documented. We broadly define migrants seeking safety from criminal insecurity and violence as security migrants and argue that using this broader definition describes migrants to Yucatán more accurately than IDPs.

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24

Mulder, Clara H., Emma Lundholm, and Gunnar Malmberg. "Young Adults’ Migration to Cities in Sweden: Do Siblings Pave the Way?" Demography 57, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 2221–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13524-020-00934-z.

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AbstractYoung adult internal migration forms a large share of the influx of people into large cities in the developed world. We investigate the role of the residential locations of siblings for young adults’ migration to large cities, using the case of Sweden and its four largest cities: Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö/Lund, and Uppsala. We use register data for the full Swedish-born population of young adults aged 18–28 living in Sweden in the years 2007–2013 and multinomial logistic regression analyses of migrating to each of the four cities or migrating elsewhere versus not migrating. Our point of departure is the paving-the-way hypothesis, which posits that young adults who have a sibling living at a migration destination are particularly likely to move to that destination, more so than to other destinations. Additional hypotheses are related to having more than one sibling in the city and to the gender of siblings living at the destination. We find support for the paving-the-way hypothesis and an additional effect for having more than one sibling in the city. Having a sibling of the same gender in a city matters more for moving there than having a sibling of the opposite gender.

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25

Björgvinsson, Erling, and Anders Høg Hansen. "Amendments and frames: The Women Making History movement and Malmö migration history." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 9, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 265–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc.9.2.265_1.

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This article explores existing and emerging frames of writing history involving a push for new modes of telling and writing history/histories. This, from the point of view of a recent movement, in short named Women Making History, launched in Malmö, Sweden in 2013 aiming to cover a 100-year period, from when immigration began until the present day. The movement ‐ engaged in activism and archival work and research around the lives and work of women immigrants in the city ‐ took off in 2013 with support from authors engaged in a Living Archives1 research project, and formally ended, though some activity continues, with a book publication in 2016. In collaboration with the movement Feminist Dialogue Malmö University researchers (mainly the two authors and students) have been documenting activities and workshops over three years, revealing the voicing of ambivalent identities that wish to maintain a plurality and openness of identifications and directions. These voices do not want to be framed as ‘outsiders’, ‘homogenized others’ or ‘victimized strangers’, and struggle with a feeling of being amended to a more homogenous national history ‐ an ambiguous predicament which is investigated in this article through diverse ways of trying to understand how belonging is developed in the notions of multidirectionality, multi-logues, amendments and re/framing.

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26

Singer, David A., and Kai Quek. "Public Attitudes toward Internal and Foreign Migration." Public Opinion Quarterly 86, no. 1 (January 8, 2022): 82–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfab065.

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Abstract We explore attitudes toward internal and foreign migration in China using an original survey experiment. If labor-market competition drives attitudes, then residents will be opposed to migrants with comparable skill levels, regardless of migrant origin. If residents fear a dilution of national identity, then they will be more opposed to foreign than internal migration. We conduct a national survey in Mainland China, where we randomly assign respondents to answer questions about migrants with different skill levels and from either foreign countries or other provinces in China. We find that attitudes cleave over skill level, but the foreign-internal dimension is, on its own, not a salient cleavage in preferences. However, when considering high-skilled migrants, respondents are more supportive of foreign than internal migration; when considering low-skilled migrants, they are more opposed to foreign than internal migration. The results cast doubt on material explanations for attitudes toward migration and suggest a reevaluation of cultural threat arguments that privilege national borders.

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27

Hedberg, Charlotta, and Kaisa Kepsu. "Identity in motion: The process of Finland-Swedish migration to Sweden." National Identities 10, no. 1 (March 2008): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14608940701819850.

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28

Dribe, M. "Dealing with economic stress through migration: Lessons from nineteenth century rural Sweden." European Review of Economic History 7, no. 3 (December 1, 2003): 271–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1361491603000108.

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29

Lees, Lynn H., and Dudley Baines. "Migration in a Mature Economy: Emigration and Internal Migration in England and Wales, 1861-1900." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 18, no. 3 (1988): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/203905.

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30

Molloy, Raven, Christopher L. Smith, and Abigail Wozniak. "Internal Migration in the United States." Journal of Economic Perspectives 25, no. 3 (August 1, 2011): 173–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.25.3.173.

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This paper examines the history of internal migration in the United States since the 1980s. By most measures, internal migration in the United States is at a 30-year low. The widespread decline in migration rates across a large number of subpopulations suggests that broad-based economic forces are likely responsible for the decrease. An obvious question is the extent to which the recent housing market contraction and the recession may have caused this downward trend in migration: after all, relocation activity often involves both housing market activity and changes in employment. However, we find relatively small roles for both of these cyclical factors. While we will suggest a few other possible explanations for the recent decrease in migration, the puzzle remains. Finally, we compare U.S. migration to other developed countries. Despite the steady decline in U.S. migration, the commonly held belief that Americans are more mobile than their European counterparts still appears to hold true.

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31

VanWey, Leah K. "Land Ownership as a Determinant of International and Internal Migration in Mexico and Internal Migration in Thailand." International Migration Review 39, no. 1 (March 2005): 141–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2005.tb00258.x.

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This study focuses on the effect of land ownership on internal and international out-migration in Mexico and on internal out-migration in Thailand. Land can impact migration in four ways: as wealth; as employment; as an investment opportunity; and through inequality in ownership. Discrete time event history models of individual migration, using data from the Mexican Migration Project (covering Western Mexico) and data from the Nang Rong Project (covering one district in Northeast Thailand), show the effects of size of landholdings on internal out-migration of men. They also estimate the independent effects of relative deprivation in land ownership on migration. Results show that the size of landholdings has a negative effect on out-migration for smaller landholders (the majority of landholders). The size of landholdings has a positive effect on out-migration for larger landholders. Results suggest that the purchase and improvement of land are opportunities for investing the proceeds of migration.

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32

Agafoshin, M. M., and S. A. Gorokhov. "Impact of external migration on changes in the Swedish religious landscape." Baltic Region 12, no. 2 (2020): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2020-2-6.

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For most of its history, Sweden has been a country dominated by the Lutheran Church, having the status of the official state religion. Starting in mid-to-late 20th century, mass immigration to Europe had a considerable impact on the confessional structure of Sweden’s population. The growing number of refugees from the Balkan Peninsula, the Middle East, and Africa has turned Sweden into a multi-religious state. Sweden has become one of the leaders among the EU countries as far as the growth rates of adherents of Islam are concerned. Immigrants are exposed to adaptation difficulties causing their social, cultural and geographical isolation and making relatively isolated migrant communities emerge. This study aims at finding correlation between the changes in the confessional structure of Swedish population (as a result of the growing number of non-Christians) and the geographical structure of migrant flows into the country. This novel study addresses the mosaic structure of the Swedish religious landscape taking into account the cyclical dynamics of replacement of Protestantism by Islam. The methods we created make it possible to identify further trends in the Sweden’s religious landscape. This study adds to results of the complex sociological and demographic studies of the confessional structure of the Swedish population.

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33

Anglewicz, Philip, Rachel Kidman, and Sangeetha Madhavan. "Internal migration and child health in Malawi." Social Science & Medicine 235 (August 2019): 112389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112389.

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34

Kunkeler, Nathaniël. "Organising National Socialism: Nazi Organisation in Sweden and the Netherlands, 1931–1939." Contemporary European History 30, no. 3 (July 19, 2021): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960777321000230.

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This article compares the party apparatuses of the National Socialist Movement of the Netherlands and the National Socialist Workers’ Party of Sweden. These two parties, founded in the 1930s, both to some extent mimicked the organisational model of Hitler's party in Germany. While this has been frequently noted, the deployment of this model in practice has not been analysed in any detail. The article explores the specific characters of the Swedish and Dutch fascist party organisations diachronically vis-à-vis propaganda, member activism and internal cohesion, highlighting their changes, successes and failures. The comparison reveals that the party apparatus was highly dependent on the specifics of national infrastructure, demographic distribution and urbanisation and the physical landscape, with notable consequences for internal party cohesion and morale. In the final analysis the relative appeal and popularity of the parties is shown party be the result of how the Nazi organisational model was deployed in practice within each national context.

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Moch, Leslie Page, and Dudley Baines. "Migration in a Mature Economy: Emigration and Internal Migration in England and Wales, 1861-1900." American Historical Review 92, no. 3 (June 1987): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1869953.

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36

Silvestre, Javier. "Temporary Internal Migrations in Spain, 1860–1930." Social Science History 31, no. 4 (2007): 539–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013857.

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Nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century industrialization provoked quantitative and qualitative changes in traditional European migratory patterns. Most of the economic and social history literature concerning the study of European internal migration during the industrializing period has emphasized permanent migration. This article shows, however, that temporary internal migration was common not only in preindustrial societies but in industrializing ones too. The article also examines the causes and the consequences of the persistence of temporary internal migrations in Spain from the mid-nineteenth century to the period leading up to the outbreak of the Spanish civil war (1936–39). Aggregate data sources are used in depth for this purpose. The information derived from aggregate sources is supplemented by reference to secondary sources, mainly comprising local and regional studies.

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37

Honkaniemi, Helena, Sol Pía Juárez, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, and Mikael Rostila. "Psychological distress by age at migration and duration of residence in Sweden." Social Science & Medicine 250 (April 2020): 112869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.112869.

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38

MacDonald, Daniel. "Internal Migration and Sectoral Shift in the Nineteenth-Century United States." Social Science History 45, no. 4 (2021): 843–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2021.36.

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AbstractWe study the relationship between internal migration and industrialization in the United States between 1850 and 1880. We use the Linked Representative Samples from IPUMS and find significant amounts of rural-urban and urban-urban migration in New England. Rural-urban migration was mainly driven by agricultural workers shifting to manufacturing occupations. Urban-urban migration was driven by foreign-born workers in manufacturing. We argue that rural-urban migration was a significant factor in US economic development and the structural transformation from agriculture to manufacturing.

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39

Bohlin, Torgny, Claes Dellefors, and Ulo Faremo. "Optimal Time and Size for Smolt Migration in Wild Sea Trout (Salmo trutta)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 50, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f93-025.

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A tagging programme, in which wild sea trout (Salmo trutta) were marked at the parr stage with internal tags in winter and recaptured during smolt migration in a trap in the following spring, was conducted for three seasons in a small stream in southwestern Sweden, individuals that were initially smaller migrated later, grew more in length, and were smaller at migration than those initially bigger. Body length at migration decreased with migration time during the season for tagged as well as nontagged trout. A model for optimal time of and size at migration is proposed, based on the assumption that the expression (body length at the end of the season) × (survival over the season) is maximized and that migratory and postmigratory survival is positively size dependent. The qualitative predictions on the relationship between initial size and time of and size at migration are supported by the tagging data. Pre- and postmigratory growth rates are predicted to have opposite effects on migration time, so the migration timing is expected to depend strongly on the degree of dependence between these.

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40

Ericsson, Johan, and Jakob Molinder. "Economic Growth and the Development of Real Wages: Swedish Construction Workers’ Wages in Comparative Perspective, 1831–1900." Journal of Economic History 80, no. 3 (June 22, 2020): 813–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050720000285.

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Using new and uniquely detailed data, we examine how construction workers’ wages in Sweden developed between 1831 and 1900. Wages grew rapidly from the 1850s, and comparisons with Northwestern Europe show that Swedish workers benefited more from growth than workers elsewhere. Globalization forces, most notably overseas migration, in combination with flexible and well-integrated labor markets—signified by strong regional convergence, falling skill differentials, and small urban-rural wage gaps—pushed up wages in Sweden.

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41

Feldman, David. "Global Movements, Internal Migration, and the Importance of Institutions." International Review of Social History 52, no. 1 (March 9, 2007): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859006002811.

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In May 1928 The Watling Resident, a local newspaper directed at a readership among the inhabitants of a working-class estate created by the London County Council on the north-western outskirts of the city, published its first issue. It took the opportunity to represent what it saw as its readers' urgent and existential difficulties: “We have been torn up by the roots and rudely transplanted to foreign soil.” According to the newspaper, these painful feelings of displacement were voiced “over and over again” by people living on the new estate. These migrants and their mouthpiece spoke and wrote in terms that prefigure the pioneering historical work of Oscar Handlin or suggest they were of one mind with the Chicago School of sociology. In this light it is remarkable that these migrants were not recent arrivals from Poland, or even from Ireland or Scotland; rather they had moved to the estate from inner London, and more than half had previously lived a few miles away in the north London boroughs of St Pancras, Islington, Finsbury, and Paddington.

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Edelstein, Michael, and Dudley Baines. "Migration in a Mature Economy: Emigration and Internal Migration in England and Wales, 1861-1901." Economic History Review 40, no. 3 (August 1987): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2596266.

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Shomirzayevich, Dusmurodov Obidjon. "STATUS OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL LABOR MIGRATION IN UZBEKISTAN." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF HISTORY 02, no. 06 (June 30, 2021): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/history-crjh-02-06-15.

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In recent years, Uzbekistan has been paying serious attention to creating new jobs and ensuring the stability of existing jobs in order to increase employment and economic activity. The main focus is on reducing unemployment, ensuring the employment of graduates of educational institutions entering the labor market for the first time, increasing the employment of vulnerable groups, in particular, women, people with disabilities, convicts, victims of human trafficking, external migration and others. In this regard, the normative legal acts adopted in recent years define a number of important tasks facing the Ministry of Employment and Labor Relations of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

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Kelly, Melissa. "Searching for ‘success’: generation, gender and onward migration in the Iranian diaspora." Migration Letters 14, no. 1 (January 12, 2017): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v14i1.319.

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This article uses the concepts of ‘transnational social fields’ and ‘habitus’ to explore the multifaceted role families play in shaping the aspirations of onward migrating youth. The article draws on biographical life history interviews conducted with the children of Iranian migrants who were raised in Sweden but moved to London, UK as adults. The findings of the study suggest that from a young age, all the participants were pressured by their parents to perform well academically, and to achieve high level careers. These goals were easier to achieve in London than in Sweden for several reasons. Interestingly, however, participants’ understandings of what constituted success and their motivations for onward migration were nuanced and varied considerably by gender. The study contributes to an understanding of the role of multi-sited transnational social fields in shaping the aspirations of migrant youths, as well as the strategies taken up by these migrants to achieve their goals.

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Alexander, J. Trent, and Annemarie Steidl. "Gender and the “Laws of Migration”." Social Science History 36, no. 2 (2012): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200011779.

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Ernest George Ravenstein’s influential “laws of migration” argued that short-distance and within-country moves were typically dominated by women. We use census microdata to take a fresh look at the relationship between gender and internal migration in late nineteenth-century Europe and North America. We argue that there was a significant flaw in Ravenstein’s key finding on gender and that this flaw has implications for more recent scholarship of the long-term “feminization of migration.” The apparent overrepresentation of women among internal migrants was due not to their higher propensity to move but to the much higher rate at which male migrants left the population, through either death or emigration. Men were just as likely to make internal moves as women were; the difference was that men did not remain in the population to be counted when the decennial census was conducted. Like Ravenstein’s “laws of migration,” this article relies primarily on data from the 1881 census of England and Wales. Whereas Ravenstein’s work was constrained by the contents of tables published by the UK Census Office in the 1880s, we are able to ask new questions by analyzing individual-level data files recently made available by the North Atlantic Population Project.

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Tyler, Torbjörn. "Geographic structure of genetic variation in the widespread woodland grass Milium effusum L. A comparison between two regions with contrasting history and geomorphology." Genome 45, no. 6 (December 1, 2002): 1248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g02-079.

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Allozyme variation in the forest grass Milium effusum L. was studied in 2123 populations within each of two equally sized densely sampled areas in northern and southern Sweden. In addition, 25 populations from other parts of Eurasia were studied for comparison. The structure of variation was analysed with both diversity statistics and measures based on allelic richness at a standardised sample size. The species was found to be highly variable, but no clear geographic patterns in the distribution of alleles or in overall genetic differentiation were found, either within the two regions or within the whole sample. Thus, no inferences about the direction of postglacial migration could be made. Obviously, migration and gene flow must have taken place in a manner capable of randomising the distribution of alleles. However, there were clear differences in levels and structuring of the variation between the two regions. Levels of variation, both in terms of genetic diversity and allelic richness, were lower in northern Sweden as compared with southern Sweden. In contrast, different measures of geographic structure all showed higher levels of population differentiation in the northern region. This is interpreted as due to different geomorphological conditions in the two regions, creating a relatively continuous habitat and gene flow in the southern region as compared with the northern region where the species, although common, is confined to narrow and mutually isolated corridors in the landscape.Key words: Milium effusum, allozymes, geographic differentiation, population fragmentation, allelic richness.

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Sarabiev, Aleksei V. "LABOUR MIGRANTS FROM THE MIDDLE EAST ARAB COUNTRIES IN SWEDEN: A PARADIGM SHIFT." Baltic Region 13, no. 4 (2021): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2021-4-6.

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Middle East Arab diasporas, primarily the Iraqi and Syrian ones, are playing an increasing role in the economy and demography of Sweden. This study aims to describe the formation of economically active diasporas in Sweden over the past three decades. There has been a paradigm shift in the immigration and business activity of people from the Middle East Arab countries in Sweden. Diaspora leadership changes depending on the situation in the countries of origin and migration phenomena driven by political and military shocks. This change affects the migration process and the role of communities in the economic life of the country. The study draws on the work of top research centres and data from leading Swedish and international statistical agencies. The rise and subsequent decline in Syrian immigration, which included labour migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers, did not restore the unconditional leadership of the Iraqis among the Arab communities of Sweden. The significant business activity of Syrian immigrants, their professional skills, level of education, and broad business ties make the diaspora a likely leader in the Arab community. These four factors also contribute to easier migrant integration into Swedish society.

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Sebak, Per Kristian. "Constraints and possibilities: Scandinavian shipping companies and transmigration, 1898–1914." International Journal of Maritime History 27, no. 4 (November 2015): 755–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871415610293.

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In the early twentieth century, transatlantic migration peaked. Transmigrants, i.e. migrants who travelled through third countries on the way to their destination, comprised more than half of all emigrants departing from German, Belgian, Dutch and British ports which together were the most important. The most important countries of origin were Russia and Austria-Hungary, in addition to Italy. Because of this, shipping companies had to deal with networks and manage a transport system extending far beyond their traditional sphere of economic interest. In the process, the companies became ever more dependent on influencing state actors in Europe as well as in North America to keep their long-established business structures going. In many ways, the transatlantic passenger business between the 1890s and 1914 should therefore be viewed more as a transmigrant business rather than an emigrant business, which is the most common understanding of this massive human movement. The article focuses on the transmigration phenomenon from the point of view of three very different shipping companies/initiatives in Norway, Sweden and Denmark respectively. Norway and Sweden had among the highest rates of transatlantic migration, and Norway had the third largest merchant fleet in the word by the turn of the twentieth century. Yet only Denmark provided a direct transatlantic service throughout the most important period for transatlantic migration. What possibilities were there for these three countries to engage in the transatlantic passenger business and what constrained their efforts? By concentrating on the transmigration phenomenon and three countries with differing points of departure, the article provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms and dynamics involved in shaping the transatlantic passenger business, of how the business worked, and of how the companies could influence the flow and pattern of migratory movements between Europe and North America.

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De Tona, Carla. "Editorial." Migration Letters 14, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 187–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v14i2.325.

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The articles included in this issue deal with a number of countries, including Malaysia, the Netherlands, Sweden, the Philippines, India, China, Mexico and Tanzania. They look at the issues of brain-drain and behavioural approach (Ramoo et al.); multi-professional collaboration in promoting migrant integration (Vanhanen and Heikkila); the distribution of income gains in labour market migration (Korpi et al.); labour market gaps between migrants and natives (Mala et al.) and at how demographic forecasts can be improved in predicting migration changes (Wilson). These different topics reflect the diversity of issues at stake in the current international migration systems. They also show how migrants put forth their own strategies to deal with marginalization that include the creation of ‘home’ through gendered memory and narrative sharing (Zulueta), the articulation of co-development in the growing diasporization of communities (Tigau et al.), and gender and youth dynamics in internal migrations (Todd et al.).

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Westerdahl, Christina, Xinjun Li, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist, and Bengt Zöller. "Family history as a predictor of hospitalization for hypertension in Sweden." Journal of Hypertension 31, no. 10 (October 2013): 1952–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hjh.0b013e328362c962.

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