Academic literature on the topic 'Migration camp'
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Journal articles on the topic "Migration camp"
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Foley, J. F. "Control cAMP to control migration." Science 351, no. 6276 (February 25, 2016): 929–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.351.6276.929-h.
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Lorenowicz, Magdalena J., Mar Fernandez-Borja, and Peter L. Hordijk. "cAMP Signaling in Leukocyte Transendothelial Migration." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 27, no. 5 (May 2007): 1014–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.106.132282.
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Stoufflet, Julie, Maxime Chaulet, Mohamed Doulazmi, Coralie Fouquet, Caroline Dubacq, Christine Métin, Sylvie Schneider-Maunoury, Alain Trembleau, Pierre Vincent, and Isabelle Caillé. "Primary cilium-dependent cAMP/PKA signaling at the centrosome regulates neuronal migration." Science Advances 6, no. 36 (September 2020): eaba3992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba3992.
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The primary cilium (PC) is a small centrosome-assembled organelle, protruding from the surface of most eukaryotic cells. It plays a key role in cell migration, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we show that the PC regulates neuronal migration via cyclic adenosine 3’-5’ monosphosphate (cAMP) production activating centrosomal protein kinase A (PKA). Biosensor live imaging revealed a periodic cAMP hotspot at the centrosome of embryonic, postnatal, and adult migrating neurons. Genetic ablation of the PC, or knockdown of ciliary adenylate cyclase 3, caused hotspot disappearance and migratory defects, with defective centrosome dynamics and altered nucleokinesis. Delocalization of PKA from the centrosome phenocopied the migratory defects. Our results show that the PC and centrosome form a single cAMP signaling unit dynamically regulating migration, further highlighting the centrosome as a signaling hub.
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Yokoyama, Utako, Susumu Minamisawa, Hong Quan, Toru Akaike, Meihua Jin, Koji Otsu, Coskun Ulucan, et al. "Epac1 is upregulated during neointima formation and promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, no. 4 (October 2008): H1547—H1555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01317.2007.
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Vascular remodeling after mechanoinjury largely depends on the migration of smooth muscle cells, an initial key step to wound healing. However, the role of the second messenger system, in particular, the cAMP signal, in regulating such remodeling remains controversial. Exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) has been identified as a new target molecule of the cAMP signal, which is independent from PKA. We thus examined whether Epac plays a distinct role from PKA in vascular remodeling. To examine the role of Epac and PKA in migration, we used primary culture smooth muscle cells from both the fetal and adult rat aorta. A cAMP analog selective to PKA, 8-(4-parachlorophenylthio)-cAMP (pCPT-cAMP), decreased cell migration, whereas an Epac-selective analog, 8-pCPT-2′- O-Me-cAMP, enhanced migration. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of PKA decreased cell migration, whereas that of Epac1 significantly enhanced cell migration. Striking morphological differences were observed between pCPT-cAMP- and 8-pCPT-2′- O-Me-cAMP-treated aortic smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, overexpression of Epac1 enhanced the development of neointimal formation in fetal rat aortic tissues in organ culture. When the mouse femoral artery was injured mechanically in vivo, we found that the expression of Epac1 was upregulated in vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas that of PKA was downregulated with the progress of neointimal thickening. Our findings suggest that Epac1, in opposition to PKA, increases vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Epac may thus play an important role in advancing vascular remodeling and restenosis upon vascular injury.
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Raymond, Daniel R., Rhonda L. Carter, Christopher A. Ward, and Donald H. Maurice. "Distinct phosphodiesterase-4D variants integrate into protein kinase A-based signaling complexes in cardiac and vascular myocytes." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 296, no. 2 (February 2009): H263—H271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00425.2008.
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Numerous cAMP-elevating agents regulate events required for efficient migration of arterial vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Interestingly, when the impact of cAMP-elevating agents on individual migration-related events is studied, these agents have been shown to have distinct, and sometimes unexpected, effects. For example, although cAMP-elevating agents inhibit overall migration, they promote VSMC adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins and the formation of membrane extensions, which are both events that are essential for and promote migration. Herein, we extend previous observations that identified phosphodiesterase-4D3 (PDE4D3) as an integral component of a PKA/A kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) complex in cultured/hypertrophied rat cardiac myocytes to the case for nonhypertrophied cardiac myocytes. Moreover, we show that while rat aortic VSMCs also express PDE4D3, this protein is not detected in PKA/AKAP complexes isolated from these cells. In contrast, we show that another PDE4D splice variant expressed in arterial vascular myocytes, namely, PDE4D8, integrates into PKA/AKAP-based signaling complexes in VSMCs. Consistent with the idea that a PDE4D8/PKA/AKAP complex regulates specific VSMC functions, PKA and PDE4D8 were each recruited to leading-edge structures in migrating VSMCs, and inhibition of PDE4D8 recruitment to pseudopodia of migrating cells caused localized changes in actin dynamics. Our data are presented in the context that cardiac myocytes and arterial VSMCs may use distinct PDE4D variants to regulate selected pools of targeted PKA activity and that disruption of this complex may allow selective regulation of cAMP-dependent events between these two cardiovascular cell types.
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KOHNO, MASAKAZU, KENICHI YASUNARI, MIEKO MINAMI, HIROAKI KANO, KENSAKU MAEDA, ANIL K. MANDAL, KEN INOKI, MASAKAZU HANEDA, and JUNICHI YOSHIKAWA. "Regulation of Rat Mesangial Cell Migration by Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Angiotensin II, and Adrenomedullin." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 10, no. 12 (December 1999): 2495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v10122495.
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Abstract. This study sought to determine whether platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and angiotensin II (AngII) stimulate migration of cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells. After finding that this was so, the effects of adrenomedullin (ADM) and cAMP-elevating agents on basal and stimulated mesangial cell migration were examined. Two isoforms of PDGF, AB and BB, stimulated migration in a concentration-dependent manner between 1 and 50 ng/ml, while the AA isoform lacked significant effect. AngII modestly but significantly stimulated migration in a concentration-dependent manner between 10-7 and 10-6 mol/L. Rat ADM significantly inhibited the PDGF BB- and AngII-stimulated migration in a concentration-dependent manner between 10-8 and 10-7 mol/L. Inhibition by rat ADM was accompanied by an increase in cellular cAMP. cAMP agonists or inducers such as 8-bromo cAMP, forskolin, and prostaglandin I2 also significantly reduced the stimulated migration. H 89, a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, attenuated the inhibitory effect of ADM, and a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist, human CGRP (8-37), abolished the inhibitory effects of rat ADM. These results suggest that PDGF AB and BB as well as AngII stimulate rat mesangial cell migration and that ADM can inhibit PDGF BB- and AngII-stimulated migration, at least in part through cAMP-dependent mechanisms likely to involve specific ADM receptors with which CGRP interacts. The adenylate cyclase/cAMP/PKA system may be involved in the migration-inhibitory effect of ADM in these cells.
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Brzezinska, Paulina, and Donald H. Maurice. "An EPAC1/PDE1C-Signaling Axis Regulates Formation of Leading-Edge Protrusion in Polarized Human Arterial Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells." Cells 8, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 1473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8121473.
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Pharmacological activation of protein kinase A (PKA) reduces migration of arterial smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), including those isolated from human arteries (HASMCs). However, when individual migration-associated cellular events, including the polarization of cells in the direction of movement or rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton, are studied in isolation, these individual events can be either promoted or inhibited in response to PKA activation. While pharmacological inhibition or deficiency of exchange protein activated by cAMP-1 (EPAC1) reduces the overall migration of ASMCs, the impact of EPAC1 inhibition or deficiency, or of its activation, on individual migration-related events has not been investigated. Herein, we report that EPAC1 facilitates the formation of leading-edge protrusions (LEPs) in HASMCs, a critical early event in the cell polarization that underpins their migration. Thus, RNAi-mediated silencing, or the selective pharmacological inhibition, of EPAC1 decreased the formation of LEPs by these cells. Furthermore, we show that the ability of EPAC1 to promote LEP formation by migrating HASMCs is regulated by a phosphodiesterase 1C (PDE1C)-regulated “pool” of intracellular HASMC cAMP but not by those regulated by the more abundant PDE3 or PDE4 activities. Overall, our data are consistent with a role for EPAC1 in regulating the formation of LEPs by polarized HASMCs and show that PDE1C-mediated cAMP hydrolysis controls this localized event.
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Aumo, Linda, Marte Rusten, Gunnar Mellgren, Marit Bakke, and Aurélia E. Lewis. "Functional Roles of Protein Kinase A (PKA) and Exchange Protein Directly Activated by 3′,5′-Cyclic Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate (cAMP) 2 (EPAC2) in cAMP-Mediated Actions in Adrenocortical Cells." Endocrinology 151, no. 5 (March 16, 2010): 2151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2009-1139.
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In the adrenal cortex, the biosynthesis of steroid hormones is controlled by the pituitary-derived hormone ACTH. The functions of ACTH are principally relayed by activating cAMP-dependent signaling pathways leading to the induction of genes encoding enzymes involved in the conversion of cholesterol to steroid hormones. Previously, protein kinase A (PKA) was thought to be the only direct effector of cAMP. However, the discovery of the cAMP sensors, exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (EPAC1 and 2), has led to a reevaluation of this assumption. In the present study, we demonstrate the occurrence of the EPAC2 splicing variant EPAC2B in adrenocortical cancer cells. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated that EPAC2B is localized predominantly in the nucleus. EPAC2B is functional because it activates Rap1 in these cells. Using the cAMP analogs 8-p-chlorophenylthio-2′-O-methyl-cAMP and N6-benzoyl-cAMP, which specifically activate EPAC1/2 and PKA, respectively, we evaluated the contribution of these factors in steroid hormone production, cell morphology, actin reorganization, and migration. We demonstrate that the expression of cAMP-inducible factors involved in steroidogenesis (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, cytochrome P450 11A1 and 17, and nerve growth factor-induced clone B) and the cAMP-induced biosynthesis of steroid hormones (cortisol and aldosterone) are mediated by PKA and not by EPAC2B. In contrast, both PKA- and EPAC-specific cAMP analogs induced cell rounding, loss of stress fibers, and blocked migration. Taken together, the presented data confirm PKA as the central cAMP mediator in steroid hormone production and reveal the involvement of EPAC2B in cAMP-induced effects on cytoskeleton integrity and cell migration.
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Lima, Thaline F. A., Juliana D. B. Rocha, Anderson B. Guimarães-Costa, José M. Barbosa-Filho, Débora Decoté-Ricardo, Elvira M. Saraiva, Luciana B. Arruda, Marcia R. Piuvezam, and Ligia M. T. Peçanha. "Warifteine, an Alkaloid Purified fromCissampelos sympodialis, Inhibits Neutrophil MigrationIn VitroandIn Vivo." Journal of Immunology Research 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/752923.
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Cissampelos sympodialisEichl is a plant from the Northeast and Southeast of Brazil. Its root infusion is popularly used for treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases. We investigated whether warifteine, its main alkaloid, would have anti-inflammatory effect due to a blockage of neutrophil function.In vivowarifteine treatment inhibited casein-induced neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity but did not inhibit neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow. Analysis of the direct effect of warifteine upon neutrophil adherence and migrationin vitrodemonstrated that the alkaloid decreased cell adhesion to P and E-selectin-transfected cells. In addition, fLMP-induced neutrophil migration in a transwell system was blocked by warifteine; this effect was mimicked by cAMP mimetic/inducing substances, and warifteine increased intracellular cAMP levels in neutrophils. The production of DNA extracellular traps (NETs) was also blocked by warifteine but there was no alteration on PMA-induced oxidative burst or LPS-stimulated TNFαsecretion. Taken together, our data indicate that the alkaloid warifteine is a potent anti-inflammatory substance and that it has an effect on neutrophil migration through a decrease in both cell adhesion and migration.
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Yang, Jing-Xing, Te-Chih Hsiung, Fu-Chun Weng, Shiau-Li Ding, Chin-Pyng Wu, Marco Conti, Tsung-Hsien Chuang, and S.-L. Catherine Jin. "Synergistic effect of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor and serum on migration of endotoxin-stimulated macrophages." Innate Immunity 24, no. 8 (November 2018): 501–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1753425918809155.
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Macrophage migration is an essential step in host defense against infection and wound healing. Elevation of cAMP by inhibiting phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), enzymes that specifically degrade cAMP, is known to suppress various inflammatory responses in activated macrophages, but the role of PDE4 in macrophage migration is poorly understood. Here we show that the migration of Raw 264.7 macrophages stimulated with LPS was markedly and dose-dependently induced by the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram as assessed by scratch wound healing assay. Additionally, this response required the involvement of serum in the culture medium as serum starvation abrogated the effect. Further analysis revealed that rolipram and serum exhibited synergistic effect on the migration, and the influence of serum was independent of PDE4 mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the enhanced migration by rolipram was mediated by activating cAMP/exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Epac) signaling, presumably via interaction with LPS/TLR4 signaling with the participation of unknown serum components. These results suggest that PDE4 inhibitors, together with serum components, may serve as positive regulators of macrophage recruitment for more efficient pathogen clearance and wound repair.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Migration camp"
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Burdyga, Alex. "Control of cAMP signalling in the cellular migration of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/12081/.
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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterised by a very high mortality rate and is the 4th most common cause of cancer death (Siegel et al., 2012). The disease initially develops asymptomatically, and at the time of diagnosis patients usually have multiple metastases (Rhim et al., 2012). It would therefore be highly desirable to develop treatments which specifically impede the ability of PDAC cells to metastasise by interfering with the cellular processes responsible for efficient cellular migration. Intracellular signalling cascades, which utilise various signalling proteins, ultimately lead to the appropriate cell coordination and enable efficient cellular motility. One such signalling pathway that participates in the regulation of migration is controlled by the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) (Howe, 2004). Several effectors of cAMP have been found which include protein kinase A (PKA) (Tasken & Aandahl, 2004), exchange factors activated by cAMP (EPAC) (Bos, 2006), and cyclic nucleotide-regulated cation channels (Biel, 2009). PKA has been intimately linked with several cellular processes which contribute towards cell motility. In most cases, the various specific effects of PKA signalling require selective targeting of the kinase into microdomains through interaction with A-kinase-anchoring proteins (AKAPs) (Pidoux & Tasken, 2010). Other cAMP effectors such as EPAC have defined roles in controlling various aspects of migration, such as cellular adhesion to the extracellular matrix (Bos, 2005). The effect of modulating cAMP signalling on the rate of migration has been investigated in several cancer types. Interestingly the results obtained were rather varied; both inhibition and stimulation of migration was observed (Chen et al., 2008; Baljinnyam et al., 2009; Grandoch et al., 2009; Shaikh et al., 2012). However, the effect of cAMP, and its effectors, on the rate of migration has not been investigated in PDAC; this was the main aim of this study. Classical cAMP elevating agents such as forskolin and 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), as well as the cAMP analogue 8-Bromoadenosine 3’5’-cyclic monophosphate (8Br-cAMP), were found to inhibit migration of the PANC-1 cells. The role of cAMP signalling was further supported by the results of experiments utilising cAMP FRET sensors, which were imaged in live single cells. Further characterisation of cAMP effects in 4 other diverse PDAC cell lines yielded similar results, indicating that the mechanism of inhibition was common to all PDAC cell types tested. PANC-1 cell invasion was also inhibited by cAMP elevation. I went on to investigate events such as cell ruffling and focal adhesion assembly, which are processes closely associated with cellular motility. Dual transfection with a cAMP sensor and GFP tagged paxillin revealed a relationship between cAMP elevation and the loss of paxillin from focal adhesions, which was quickly reversible upon cAMP returning back to basal levels. Using a similar approach, peripheral cell ruffling was found to be inhibited by intracellular cAMP elevation. These results indicated that the inhibition of migration upon cAMP elevation was likely to occur as a result of immediate signalling events (and not due to cAMP-dependent changes in gene expression). The final part of the project concentrated on the individual contribution of the downstream effectors of cAMP, with particular emphasis on selective PKA and EPAC modulation. Utilising both PKA and EPAC sensors, I determined the appropriate concentrations of N6-benzoyl-cAMP (6Bnz) and 8-pCPT-2’OMe-cAMP (8pCPT) required to achieve selective PKA and EPAC activation respectively. Interestingly, I found that the two effectors had opposing actions; EPAC activation was found to induce migration, while PKA was found to suppress migration. Further investigation utilised a potent and selective PKA inhibitor peptide (PKI), which upon expression was found to prevent inhibition of ruffling, paxillin loss from focal adhesions, and inhibition of migration in response to cAMP elevation. Furthermore, it was found that suppression of basal PKA activity had a tendency to induce migration. I also utilised a cell permeable peptide (st-Ht31) which inhibits PKA interaction with AKAPs, thus effectively reducing its function by uncoupling the kinase from its specific signalling microdomains. The resulting effect was found to be a large potentiation of PANC-1 migration, which further highlighted the importance of PKA activity in the control of migration.
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McKean, Jenny Susan. "The role of the cAMP mediator Epac in vascular smooth muscle cell migration." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=227109.
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Surgical intervention can result in endothelial denudation, driving growth factor-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration towards the intima, leading to luminal narrowing and restenosis. Clinically approved PGI₂ analogues, including beraprost, activate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway to inhibit VSMC migration in vitro. This pathway is a potential therapeutic target, however the downstream proteins involved in the inhibitory effects of cAMP on migration remain unknown. The aims of this study were to determine the signalling pathways involved in inhibiting VSMC migration through cAMP downstream mediators, protein kinase A (PKA) and the more recently characterised exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac), and delineate the mechanisms involved. In human saphenous vein VSMCs, Epac activation using an Epac analogue inhibited VSMC migration. Therapeutic concentrations of beraprost (1 nM) also resulted in an inhibition of VSMC migration. The use of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) confirmed 1 nM beraprost activated Epac, but not PKA. Epac is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rap1 thus Rap1 siRNA was used to inhibit the Epac pathway. This blocked the inhibitory effects of beraprost on VSMC migration. Epac1 was localised to the leading edge of migrating VSMCs. Another G-protein, RhoA, was investigated since it is essential for cell migration and is involved in several processes including actin regulation. Epac signaling inhibited PDGF-induced RhoA activation and disassembled F-actin at the leading edge, where Epac1 was previously located. This indicates that beraprost activated the Epac pathway, which inhibited RhoA to decrease VSMC migration. The clinical relevance of this study has discovered the mechanisms of Epac's inhibitory action on VSMC migration and this pathway could be targeted therapeutically to reduce restenosis. In the future the potential use of beraprost on a drug eluting stent might be beneficial to prevent restenosis formation following surgical intervention.
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Chaulet, Maxime. "Rôle du cil primaire dans la migration des neuroblastes du courant de migration rostrale." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS191.
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L'objectif de ma thèse a été de mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous tendant le rôle du cil primaire (CP) dans la migration neuronale. Notre modèle d’étude est la migration dans le courant de migration rostrale (CMR) chez la souris post-natale et adulte. Les neurones du CMR présentent une migration saltatoire alternant pause et nucléokinèse avec un mouvement stéréotypé du centrosome. Dans une première étude, aux résultats encore préliminaires, nous avons comparé la migration entre la souris post-natale (P10) et jeune adulte (P30) par imagerie sur tranche aigüe de cerveau, ainsi que l'effet d'une ablation génétique du CP à ces deux âges. Nous observons que les migrations diffèrent entre les deux âges et que l'ablation génétique du CP affecte différentiellement les paramètres de migration. Dans une deuxième étude, bientôt soumise pour publication, nous avons analysé la dynamique de l’AMPc au cours de la migration postnatale. Nous avons observé la présence cyclique d’un hotspot d’AMPc au centrosome, sous le CP. Nous montrons que l’AMPc produit dans le cil diffuse au centrosome et active localement la Protéine Kinase A dépendante de l’AMPc (PKA). L’ablation génétique du CP et le knock-down de l’adénylate cyclase 3 ciliaire mènent à une disparition du hotspot. Ils affectent également la migration avec un défaut de couplage centrosome/noyau conduisant à une altération de la nucléokinèse, ce qui est récapitulé par la délocalisation génétique de la PKA. Nous montrons donc que le centrosome et le CP agissent comme une unité de signalisation unique liée par la diffusion de l'AMPc ciliaire, ce qui régule la rythmicité de la migration saltatoire au centrosomeThe aim of my thesis was to better understand the mechanisms underlying the role of the primary cilium (PC) in neuronal migration. Our study model is the tangential migration in the rostral migratory stream (RMS) in the postnatal and adult mice. Neuroblasts of the CMR show a saltatory migration with pause and nucleokinesis and a stereotyped centrosome movement. In a first study with preliminary results, we compared the migration between postnatal (P10) and young adult (P30) stages by live imaging on acute brain slices, as well as the effect of genetic ablation of the PC at these two ages. We showed that migrations are different between these two stages and that genetic ablation of the PC impaired differentially migration parameters. In a second study, submitted for publication soon, we analysed cAMP dynamics during postnatal migration. We observed a dynamic cAMP hotspot cyclically at the centrosome, at the basis of the PC. We show that ciliary-produced cAMP diffuses to the centrosome, where it activates locally the cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase A (PKA). Genetic ablation of the cilium and knock-down of the ciliary Adenylate Cyclase 3 lead to the hotspot disappearance. They also affect migration with defective centrosome/nucleus coupling leading to altered nucleokinesis, which is recapitulated by PKA genetic delocalization. We thus show that PC and centrosome act as a signalling unit, linked by ciliary cAMP diffusion regulating the rhythmicity of salutatory migration at the centrosome
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Scavello, Margarethakay, Alexandra R. Petlick, Ramya Ramesh, Valery F. Thompson, Pouya Lotfi, and Pascale G. Charest. "Protein kinase A regulates the Ras, Rap1 and TORC2 pathways in response to the chemoattractant cAMP in Dictyostelium." COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624638.
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Efficient directed migration requires tight regulation of chemoattractant signal transduction pathways in both space and time, but the mechanisms involved in such regulation are not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of protein kinase A (PKA) in controlling signaling of the chemoattractant cAMP in Dictyostelium discoideum. We found that cells lacking PKA display severe chemotaxis defects, including impaired directional sensing. Although PKA is an important regulator of developmental gene expression, including the cAMP receptor cAR1, our studies using exogenously expressed cAR1 in cells lacking PKA, cells lacking adenylyl cyclase A (ACA) and cells treated with the PKA-selective pharmacological inhibitor H89, suggest that PKA controls chemoattractant signal transduction, in part, through the regulation of RasG, Rap1 and TORC2. As these pathways control the ACA-mediated production of intracellular cAMP, they lie upstream of PKA in this chemoattractant signaling network. Consequently, we propose that the PKA-mediated regulation of the upstream RasG, Rap1 and TORC2 signaling pathways is part of a negative feedback mechanism controlling chemoattractant signal transduction during Dictyostelium chemotaxis.
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JACQMIN, ARIANNA. "LA RISPOSTA UMANITARIA AL FENOMENO MIGRATORIO. STUDIO ETNOGRAFICO DI UN CAMPO NEL NORD D'ITALIA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/607674.
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This research investigates the camp for migrants as a political-humanitarian device to face immigration. It is claimed that humanitarianism, a theoretical approach and a set of interventions to face the other’s suffering, has expanded its domain of action from war context to everyday political life, though without losing its nature: it is an immediate, temporary, and exceptional reaction to face an emergency. In this respect, Italian migration policies offer a fertile field of study, where humanitarianism proposes a way to manage and, at the same time, to understand (a certain kind of) immigration. In the local and actual context, as it used to happen in conflict times, the primary instrument of humanitarian intervention is the camp. It is a space of protection of real or assumed victims (of war or of forced migration) and, yet, of their limitation, not only from a geographical point of view.
In this research, the literature on humanitarianism, its development, action and rhetoric, meets with theoretical and empirical studies on present migrant camps in Europe and in particular in Italy, dealing with them from a main socio-legal perspective, but considering them also in philosophical, anthropological, and geographical terms. Theoretical considerations over humanitarian reaction to migration find support in an ethnographic study the author conducted from November 2016 to October 2017 in a Red Cross migrant camp in the town of Como (North of Italy). Spaces within this camp are analysed through the concept of the “service”, i.e. the performance of rituals to assist migrants, which embodies the essence of humanitarianism. The observed place represents a model of migrant “humanitarian camp”, a conceptual tool to understand and criticize a growing number of alike spaces in Europe.
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Pranzatelli, Bridget. "The New Greek Tragedy: Discordance between Greece and the European Union in the Mediterranean Refugee Crisis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1150.
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After the onset of the Syrian civil conflict, over one million refugees and asylum seekers landed on Greece’s shores, and were met with chaotic asylum processing, uncoordinated non-governmental organizations, and generally debilitating discordance among all actors responsible for service provisions. (UNHCR, n.d.) Despite a long history of an obligation to burden sharing, the European Union failed to implement cross-regional policies to support Greece. And despite building policies to expedite immigration processing, the SYRIZA-led government in Greece failed to implement substantive improvement to the migratory pathway. Finally, this mismanagement is fatal, and has resulted in migrant isolation, entrapment, and in the worse cases, death.
This research seeks to identify the causes of the persistence of this painful mismanagement of the humanitarian crisis, especially within camps, in Greece. To answer this question, this research will look at two common explanations for the mismanagement of camps: those that blame the Greek federal government and those that blame the European Union. Ultimately, however, this research will argue that it is the relationship between both the Greek state and the EU, marked by tension and discordance, which makes the problem of mismanagement of the crisis so persistent.
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Dieskau, Johanna. "Struggling over Rights of Romani EU Migrants - An Inquiry into Biopower in the Case of the Eviction of the Sorgenfri Camp in Malmö, Sweden." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21453.
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In 2015, local authorities in Malmö, Sweden, evicted an informal settlement, the Sorgenfri Camp, in which mostly Romani EU migrants were living. No housing alternatives were offered. Critics saw this as a human rights violation, but the municipality found that the people were not entitled to the rights in question. This thesis explores these different rights discourses by tracing their underlying power relations through a Foucauldian discourse analysis. Foucault’s understanding of biopower, rights, and subjectivity is applied. The findings suggest that the municipality saw the camp residents as not entitled to housing rights because they were seen as occupants threatening private property and foreign EU citizens burdening the local welfare system, while critics resisted such rights denial by highlighting the persons’ humanity and vulnerability as Roma people. All actors where thus concerned with the biopolitical responsibility of the municipality to protect the life of the population, but saw this realized either through denying or granting rights to the camp residents, depending on what kinds of subjects they were seen as. This study exemplifies the power struggle through which people’s entitlements to rights are constantly produced, reproduced, and challenged as they are placed into different subject positions.
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Kaar, Carmen. "Protective factors for resilience in children living in refugee camps : A systematic literature review from 2010-2021." Thesis, Jönköping University, HLK, CHILD, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53395.
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Refugee children and adolescents living in refugee camps are a vulnerable population, at high risk for developing mental health disorders, behavioural problems and experiencing violence or trauma. However, not all children exposed to these stressors of displacement show negative outcomes; several refugee children and adolescents show adaptive functioning and resilient outcomes. Given the rising number of refugee minors, it is increasingly important to examine and understand protective factors for resilience among minors living in refugee camps. This knowledge could be used to develop resilience-building programs. This systematic literature review sought to identify protective factors for resilience, and available programs in the refugee camps targeting the development of resilience. Six databases were used for the searching process; ten studies were identified meeting predefined selection criteria and quality standards. Based on bio-ecological theory and the model of “7 Crucial Cs of resilience”, numerous protective factors were identified on multiple levels, including personal resources, social support, education, and connection to culture and community. Findings of this review highlight the need for a multidimensional view of resilience; the use of the “7 Crucial Cs of resilience” showed that focusing only on individual sources of resilience is not sufficient as these individual resources emerge from higher levels and systems. Two intervention programs were identified showing a resilience-building approach. Based on these results, recommendations for interventions and programs in this context are discussed. Limitations and the need for future research on sources of resilience and resilience-building interventions are outlined.Kinder und Jugendliche, die aus ihrer Heimat geflüchtet sind, und temporär in Flüchtlingscamps leben, sind besonders gefährdet, psychosoziale Dysfunktionen zu entwickeln sowie Gewalt oder andere traumatisierende Erlebnisse zu erfahren. Dennoch zeigt sich, dass nicht alle Kinder, die diesen Stressoren ausgesetzt sind, negative Auswirkungen auf ihre Entwicklung aufweisen; einige Kinder bleiben resilient und reagieren mit erfolgreichem Anpassungsverhalten. Die hohen Flüchtlingszahlen und die steigenden Zahlen minderjähriger Flüchtlinge verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit, Faktoren zu evaluieren und identifizieren, die zur Resilienz von Kindern, die in Flüchtlingslagern leben, beitragen. Es ist essenziell für Interventionsprogramme und Professionalisten, diese Schutzfaktoren zu erkennen, um Interventionen in Flüchtlingscamps durchzuführen, die auf eine Stärkung und Verbesserung der Resilienz von Kindern und Jugendlichen abzielen. Die vorliegende systemische Literaturarbeit evaluierte Schutzfaktoren, die positiv zur Resilienz von minderjährigen Flüchtlingen beitragen, sowie verfügbare Interventionsprogramme in Flüchtlingscamp, die präventiv auf Prozesse der Resilienzentwicklung einwirken. Sechs Datenbanken wurden ausführlich nach verfügbarer Literatur durchsucht; zehn Studien wurden schlussendlich ausgewählt, welche vordefinierten Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien entsprachen. Basierend auf ökosystemischer Theorie und dem „Modell der 7 essentiellen C für Resilienz“ wurden mehrere Schutzfaktoren in verschiedenen Systemen identifiziert. Persönliche Ressourcen des Kindes, soziale Unterstützung, Bildung, sowie kulturelle Faktoren und enge Verbindungen mit ethnischen Gemeinschaften zeigten sich als Schlüsselfaktoren für erfolgreiche Anpassung in diesem Kontext. Die Ergebnisse dieser Literaturarbeit betonen die Notwendigkeit einer multidimensionalen Sichtweise des Konzeptes Resilienz. Zwei Interventionsprogramme wurden gefunden, deren Ziel die Stärkung von Schutzfaktoren und Resilienz ist. Folglich werden Empfehlungen für Interventionen in Flüchtlingscamps diskutiert. Limitationen dieser systematischen Literaturarbeit und Implikationen für zukünftige Forschung werden debattiert.
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SILVA, Daniela Florêncio da. "Das migrações forçadas à contenção territorial: as geografias do campo de refugiados de Dadaab no Quênia." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/17958.
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A seguinte pesquisa tem como objetivo a compreensão dos fatores estruturantes da dinâmica territorial do campo de refugiados de Dadaab no Quênia. Formado em 1991 pela migração forçada do povo somali, em virtude da eclosão da guerra civil em seu país, esse campo de refugiados, hoje, abriga 348 mil pessoas de diferentes nacionalidades e contextos de deslocamento forçado. A dimensão desse fenômeno, não é só percebida por ser o maior campo de refugiados no mundo, mas pela complexidade de fatores envolvidos em sua formação. A sua origem é aqui relacionada, desde o processo de migração forçada. A suspensão da vida dessas pessoas, que ao ultrapassarem a fronteira política de seus países, tornam-se refugiadas, não se refere apenas à perda de seus direitos políticos ou de sua cidadania, mas a uma suspensão de “sentidos” e de continuidade ocasionada pela sua contenção territorial nesse campo de refugiados. A sua jornada ou movimento em busca de um refúgio temporário é paralisada e transformada em espera e contenção. O campo de refugiados de Dadaab, formado em um contexto de “emergência”, transformou-se em um território de exceção, através de uma prática de contenção territorial informal adotada pelo governo queniano. A persistência de suas vidas no campo, em meio a muitas proibições, desenvolveu um processo de reterritorialização precário, mas confrontado por resistências, contornos e permeado por transterritorialidades e encontros.
The following research aims to understand the structural factors of territorial dynamics of the Dadaab refugee camp in Kenya. Formed in 1991 by the forced migration of the Somali people, because of the outbreak of civil war in their country, this refugee camp, today, houses 348,000 people of different nationalities and forced displacement contexts. The scale of this phenomenon is not only perceived to be the largest refugee camp in the world, but by complexity of factors involved in their formation. Its origin is related here, from the forced migration process. The suspension of their lives, that to overcome the political borders of their countries, they become refugees, refers not only to the loss of political rights, or their citizenship, but a suspension of "senses" and continuity occasioned by their territorial containment in this refugee camp. Your journey or movement, seeking temporary refuge, is paralyzed and transformed in waiting and containment. The Dadaab refugee camp, formed in a context of "emergency", turned into a territory of exception, through an informal practice of territorial containment adopted by the Kenyan government. The persistence of their lives in this camp, among many bans, developed a process of precarious reterritorialization, but confronted by resistance, contours and permeated by transterritorialities and encounters.
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Alrawashdeh, Hana. "Le graffiti dans les camps de fortune au Nord de la France : carrefour de langues, de signes et de discours. Une analyse de différentes réalisations scripturales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0280.
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Ce travail de recherche s’intéresse aux graffitis dans les « camps de fortune » qui ont été constitués entre 2016 et 2017 dans le Nord de la France dont, entre autres, celui très connu de Calais (nommé la Jungle). Ces graffitis ont été élaborés par les personnes déplacées qui vivaient sur place. Pour cela, ils utilisaient comme supports les moyens qui étaient à leur disposition, comme les tentes, les murs, les poubelles. Mon corpus est composé de 90 photos de ces graffitis. C’est un corpus hybride, car les graffitis peuvent être composés de textes et d’images, les inscriptions y sont en plusieurs langues (principalement français, anglais, arabe) et peuvent être composées de mots isolés, de citations, d’énoncés brefs et simples. Pour procéder aux analyses, et pour prendre en compte le brassage de langues, j’ai traduit et transcrit la plupart de ces graffitis, et les ai étudiés en prenant en considération l’emplacement de chacun d’eux dans le camp.Les moyens des déplacés pour faire entendre leur désarroi et parfois leur colère sont très limités. En raison de ce contexte social et de la finalité de ces écritures, on observe que les messages présentent, entre autres des revendications, des références au pays d’origine mais aussi des appels à la paix.Étant donné le caractère composite de ce corpus, je l’ai envisagé selon plusieurs points de vue, en le rapportant à chaque étape à son contexte particulier. Pour ce faire, ma thèse est composée de deux parties : la première est une présentation détaillée du contexte général (structuration du camp, populations et langues en présence) ; la deuxième partie porte sur les outils utilisés pour analyser ces graffitis. Dans cette partie, un premier chapitre introduit et discute la notion de graffiti, terme utilisé dans la suite de la thèse ; un deuxième chapitre porte sur les caractéristiques linguistiques de mon corpus ; le troisième chapitre aborde les graffitis en termes d’actes de langage, en prenant en compte les énonciateurs, mais aussi les destinataires des messages : en effet, dans ce contexte, à qui ces graffitis s’adressent-ils ? De plus, peut-on considérer les graffitis, dans ce contexte, comme des écritures exposées ? ; le quatrième chapitre envisage les graffitis dans toute leur dimension signifiante (support, couleur, interaction entre écrit et image) ; Enfin, dans le dernier chapitre, je défends l’idée d’envisager les camps comme des villes, dans lesquelles les graffitis constituent un paysage linguistiqueThis research work focuses on graffiti in the " temporary camps" that were set up between 2016 and 2017 in the North of France, including, among others, the well-known one in Calais (called the Jungle). This graffiti was created by the displaced people who lived there. To help them create the graffiti, those people used the available materials like tents, walls, and garbage bins.The photo collection that I have captured for this graffiti consists of 90 photos.This photo collection is a hybrid collection. It includes text and images. The text was written in several languages (mainly French, English, and Arabic). Also, the text was varied between words, quotes, and short, simple sentences.To conduct the analysis taking into account having the graffiti in different languages, all graffiti work was translated to French. The other factor that has been used in the analysis was the location of each graffiti in the camp. The ways for the residents of these camps to express their anxiety and anger were very limited. Given the social context and the purpose of creating this graffiti, we observed that the messages have included, among other things, demands, references to their countries of origin, and calls for peace. Due to the diversity of the content of this photo collection, I used different criteria to study them, and I applied the appropriate context to each photo.This thesis has two sections. The first section explains the general context of the camps (the structure of the camp, populations, and the spoken languages). The second section talks about the tools that have been used in the analysis of graffiti. The first chapter discusses the concept of graffiti. The second chapter talks about the linguistic characteristics of the photo collection. The third chapter covers graffiti as a speech act and the relationship between the sender and receiver of these messages. In more detail, who is the audience of this graffiti ? Is it possible to consider this graffiti as exposed writing “ écritures exposées ” ? The fourth chapter discusses the significant dimensions of graffiti such as the materials used, colors, and the interaction between writing and image. The last chapter provides my argument about the notion of seeing camps as cities where graffiti can be seen as a linguistic landscape
Books on the topic "Migration camp"
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M, Brannon James, and Dredging Operations Technical Support Program (U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. Environmental Laboratory), eds. Comprehensive analysis of migration pathways (CAMP): Contaminant migration pathways at confined dredged material disposal facilities. Vicksburg, Miss: US Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory, 1990.
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Morți fără morminte în Bărăgan (1951-1956). București: Fundația Academia Civică, 2011.
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Vladimir, Geiger, and Volksdeutsche Gemeinschaft (Croatia), eds. Radni logor Valpovo, 1945-1946: Dokumenti. Osijek: Njemačka narodnosna zajednica, Zemaljska udruga Podunavskih Švaba u Hrvatskoj, 1999.
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Balassa, Zsuzsa W., Attila Bánhidy, and Dániel Kováts. Száműzöttek a Hortobágyon: Emlékek a borsósi kényszermunkatáborból, 1952-1953. Budapest: Feliciter Kft, 2006.
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Rodzik, Julia. Wojenne losy dzieci Zamojszczyzny. Zamość: the Author, 2007.
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Bogatic, Wirginia. Exilens dilemma: Att stanna eller att återvända : beslut i Sverige av polska kvinnor som överlevde KZ-lägret Ravensbrück och räddades till Sverige 1945-1947. Växjö]: Linnaeus University Press, 2011.
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L' île aux cannibales: 1933, une déportation-abandon en Sibérie. [Paris]: Perrin, 2006.
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Werth, Nicolas. L' île aux cannibales: 1933 : une déportation-abandon en Sibérie. [Paris]: Perrin, 2006.
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Alcides R. J. da Silva. Expulsos de campo. São Paulo: Editora do Brasil, 1986.
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Doig, Enrique A. Rodríguez. Entre el campo y la ciudad: Estrategias migratorias frente a la crisis. Lima: CEDEP, Centro de Estudios para el Desarrollo y la Participación, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Migration camp"
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Dobner, Nicholas. "Politik und Öffentlichkeit am Beispiel des „Refugee Protest Camp Vienna“." In Flucht – Migration – Theater, 161–64. Göttingen: V&R unipress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737006675.161.
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Sowa, Christian. "2.4 Camp accommodation as neoliberal migration management." In The Camp, Housing, and the City, 40–44. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839470374-009.
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Millington, Gareth. "Urbanization and Migration: From City to Camp?" In Urbanization and the Migrant in British Cinema, 45–73. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47399-8_3.
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Macias, Léa. "Digital Humanitarianism in a Refugee Camp." In The SAGE Handbook of Media and Migration, 334–45. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781526476982.n35.
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Dimitrova, Petja. "„Refugee Protest Camp Vienna“. Kämpfe – Politiken – Bildproduktionen. Überlegungen zur Politik des Sehens." In Flucht – Migration – Theater, 297–308. Göttingen: V&R unipress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737006675.297.
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Marshall, Claire. "The Psychological Impact of Residing in a Refugee Camp." In Mental Health, Mental Illness and Migration, 561–82. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2366-8_33.
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Marshall, Claire. "The Psychological Impact of Residing in a Refugee Camp." In Mental Health, Mental Illness and Migration, 1–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0750-7_33-1.
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Qasmiyeh, Yousif M., and Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh. "Writing the Refugee Camp: A Southern–Southern Correspondence." In The Palgrave Handbook of South–South Migration and Inequality, 75–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39814-8_4.
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AbstractThis intervention, combining critical reflections with poetry, is framed around the correspondence between the refugee camp and the process of writing—here, writing from the South—, positing that writing the refugee camp into literature is both witnessing and archiving, and that refugees are not only wait-ers but makers of time.
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Peutz, Nathalie. "Small Things." In Migration, Displacement, and Higher Education, 279–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12350-4_23.
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AbstractIn 2018 and 2019, students from NYU Abu Dhabi spent a week participating, observing, and learning in a refugee camp in Djibouti as a part of an intensive January term course on Displacement and Migration across the Red Sea. This chapter discusses the contours of this student-and-refugee engagement and its relation to the author’s prior ethnographic research and collaborative photography projects in the camp. Revisiting how the university students and their refugee hosts experienced these events, and addressing questions of ethics, value, and privilege, the chapter unsettles common assumptions about who was teaching and helping whom. As flawed and uneven as these educational journeys can be, the chapter argues that what is to be gained from these encounters are not just “small things.”
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Carron, Djemila, and Paul O’Keeffe. "Education Can’t Wait for LGBTIQ Refugees? Exploring Inclusion and Access to Higher Education in Kakuma Refugee Camp." In Migration, Displacement, and Higher Education, 75–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12350-4_6.
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AbstractHigher education in refugee contexts has, in recent years, emerged as a key humanitarian response and development imperative within the international forced migration management space (ECRE 2016). Humanitarian organizations and authorities active in the global forced migration management system have, to varying degrees, instituted and facilitated access to higher education opportunities for many refugees within the confines of refugee camps or the close proximity of host communities (Ferede 2018). Under the broad, sometimes vague, guidance of global development initiatives such as the sustainable development goals (Sawadogo 2016), the raison d’etre of higher education has been positioned as an enabling tool for the economic, social and emotional empowerment of refugees (Brugha and Hollow 2017).
Conference papers on the topic "Migration camp"
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Le, Wan, and Michael S. Zhdanov. "Iterative migration of gravity and gravity gradiometry data at Bathurst Mining Camp." In 7th International Conference on Environment and Engineering Geophysics & Summit Forum of Chinese Academy of Engineering on Engineering Science and Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceeg-16.2016.2.
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Baljinnyam, Erdene, Martha Nowycky, and Kousaku Iwatsubo. "Abstract 5280: Exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) accelerates melanoma cell migration through Ca2+-dependent actin assembly." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-5280.
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Gaspard-Chickoree, Keisha. "A GEOSPATIALLY DISTRIBUTED E-REFUGEE CAMP TECHNOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR CARIBBEAN SMALL ISLAND STATES." In International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology (IConETech-2020). Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47412/bfxs7614.
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As a result of the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Venezuela, the country has seen a mass exodus of persons into neighbouring Caribbean Small Island Developing States, SIDS, such as Trinidad and Tobago and Curaçao. These SIDS do not have the infrastructure or local policies to implement a traditional refugee camp within their shores. Findings have shown the many disadvantages to existing or traditional refugee camp settlements. However, as forced migrants continue to pour into these Caribbean states, a technological framework is necessary to capture, manage and connect forced migrants to food and shelter using Geographical Information System, GIS, enabled web technology. Thus, the Geospatially Distributed e-Refugee Camp, GDEC, framework aims to define a burden-sharing model between non-profitable organizations and the government utilizing a free and open source software approach to foster citizen participation and rapid development. The framework is developed using well-defined and tested software development methodologies – Lean Startup Methodology and Rapid Application Development. It analyzes existing technologies used by the UNHCR to represent migration and related GIS data on the web. GDEC is a digitized spatial representation, using a service oriented architecture, of forced migrants housed across the island, the volunteers, safe zones and other relevant stakeholders within the system. This camp, though electronic and distributed, adheres to the standards set by the UNHCR and Sphere for refugee camp settlements. The framework will allow SIDS to roll out a software solution rapidly to meet the urgency of the refugee problem.
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Baljinnyam, Erdenechimeg, James Goydos, and Kousaku Iwatsubo. "Abstract 3299: Expression of exchange protein activated by cAMP (Epac) in melanoma and its role in cell migration." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-3299.
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Amunjela, Johanna N., and Steven J. Tucker. "Abstract 4124: POPDC1 inhibits breast cancer cell migration and proliferation, and is regulated by EGFR (ErbB1) and cAMP." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4124.
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Samdani, Ganesh Arunkumar, Sai Sashankh Rao, Yashwant Moganaradjou, Mauricio A. Almeida, Mahendra K. Kunju, Eric Upchurch, and Vishwas Paul Gupta. "Gas Migration in PMCD Operations: Instrumented Well Study Provides Fundamental Insights." In SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/212546-ms.
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Abstract Significant discrepancy exists between the gas migration rates observed during the field applications of Pressurized Mud Cap Drilling (PMCD) and the widely used Taylor bubble velocity correlation. This impacts the fluid logistics planning and design of fluid properties for PMCD applications. Pilot-scale experiments and simulations have shown the importance of wellbore length-scale for estimating gas migration velocity (Samdani et al., 2021, 2022). Therefore, an industry-first well-scale study of gas migration in synthetic-based mud (SBM) was performed using a 5200-ft-deep vertical test-well (9-5/8″ × 2-7/8″ casing/tubing) located at Louisiana State University (LSU) well testing facilities. This test well is instrumented with 4 downhole pressure gauges and distributed temperature/acoustics sensing (DTS/DAS) fiber optic cables which were used to track the migrating gas and to determine its velocity. In a typical test, bottomhole pressure (BHP) was maintained, while gas migrated in a shut-in well. Tests were conducted by varying gas injection rate (10-250 gpm), total gas influx size (10-20 bbl), and BHP (2200-4500 psi). Gas migration rates indicated presence of Taylor bubbles at lower pressures (<2000 psi) and relatively smaller cap-bubbles at higher pressures (>2700 psi). The observation of pressure-dependent flow regime transition in a wellbore is one of the significant outcomes of this study. Changes in gas influx rate also influenced the gas migration velocity as it impacts the gas holdup and the rate at which gas can dissolve in comparison with the injection rate, under the prevailing flow regime. As a result, increase in influx rate led to higher gas migration velocity. A numerical model was also developed incorporating the experimentally observed relationship between pressure and transition of flow regime, to translate the test results into useful information and predictions for field PMCD. For example, the impact of reservoir gas solubility on gas migration rates was determined using this model while using the test-results based on nitrogen gas migration. The model results for reservoir gas migration rates in SBM showed a reasonable match with field-PMCD data under similar conditions.
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Sakamoto, Takuya, Toru Sato, Pascal Aubry, and Alexander Yarovoy. "Frequency-domain Kirchhoff migration for near-field radar imaging." In 2015 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cama.2015.7428117.
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Cuccaro, Antonio, Angela Dell’Aversano, and Raffaele Solimene. "Incoherent Migration for Near-Field Imaging by Uncharaterized Antennas." In 2023 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements and Applications (CAMA). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cama57522.2023.10352788.
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Sakamoto, Takuya, Hang Song, and Takamaro Kikkawa. "Radar imaging of breast cancer using Kirchhoff migration and singular value decomposition." In 2017 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cama.2017.8273421.
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Grant, P. G., A. F. Mannarino, and R. W. Colman. "REGULATION OF CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE ACTIVITY IN PLATELETS BY PHOSPHORYLATION." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642820.
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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) provide the only known pathway for the hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotides in cells and thus have the potential for modulating the effects of cAMP and cGMP on cells. In platelets a rise in intracellular cAMP levels inhibits platelet aggregation and secretion. Since cAMP exerts many of its effects through a cAMP-dependent kinase we questioned whether phosphorylation of cAMP PDE might be a mode for regulation of PDE activity in platelets. When platelets were incubated for 10 min with forskolin (100 μM) the level of cAMP rose at least 10-fold.When the low Km cyclic nucleotide PDE was isolated from freeze-thaw lysates of forskolin treated platelets by chromatography on blue dextran-Sepharose, the specific activity of this enzyme was increased 3 to 13-fold over similarly processed control platelets. The specific activity of a second PDE, the cGMP-stimulated cAMP PDE, was increased 1.5 to 3-fold by forskolin treatment of platelets. Forskolin had no direct effect on either purified PDE. The stimulation of the low Km cAMP PDE activity by exposure of platelets to forskolin was blocked when the platelets were simultaneously treated with the protein kinase inhibitor H-8 (100 μM) which is most potent toward cAMP dependent protein kinase indicating that this kinase may be responsible for the stimulation. When platelets which had been prelabeled with 32P inorganic phosphate were treated with forskolin and the low Km cAMP PDE isolated by blue dextran-Sepharose chromatography, a protein migrating in SDS gels at Mr=110,000, the molecular weight of the low Km cAMP PDE, was labeled indicating that phosphorylation of the PDE occurred coincident with stimulation of activity. These results suggest that phosphorylation of the low Km cAMP PDE by protein kinase may be an important regulatory mechanism for cAMP PDE activity and cyclic nucleotide levels in platelets.
Reports on the topic "Migration camp"
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Sheridan, Anne. Annual report on migration and asylum 2016: Ireland. ESRI, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26504/sustat65.
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The Annual Report on Migration and Asylum 2016 provides an overview of trends, policy developments and significant debates in the area of asylum and migration during 2016 in Ireland. Some important developments in 2016 included: The International Protection Act 2015 was commenced throughout 2016. The single application procedure under the Act came into operation from 31 December 2016. The International Protection Office (IPO) replaced the Office of the Refugee Applications Commissioner (ORAC) from 31 December 2016. The first instance appeals body, the International Protection Appeals Tribunal (IPAT), replacing the Refugee Appeals Tribunal (RAT), was established on 31 December 2016. An online appointments system for all registrations at the Registration Office in Dublin was introduced. An electronic Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) was introduced. The Irish Short Stay Visa Waiver Programme was extended for a further five years to October 2021. The Second National Action Plan to Prevent and Combat Human Trafficking was published. 2016 was the first full year of implementation of the Irish Refugee Protection Programme (IRPP). A total of 240 persons were relocated to Ireland from Greece under the relocation strand of the programme and 356 persons were resettled to Ireland. Following an Oireachtas motion, the Government agreed to allocate up to 200 places to unaccompanied minors who had been living in the former migrant camp in Calais and who expressed a wish to come to Ireland. This figure is included in the overall total under the IRPP. Ireland and Jordan were appointed as co-facilitators in February 2016 to conduct preparatory negotiations for the UN high level Summit for Refugees and Migrants. The New York Declaration, of September 2016, sets out plans to start negotiations for a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration and a global compact for refugees to be adopted in 2018. Key figures for 2016: There were approximately 115,000 non-EEA nationals with permission to remain in Ireland in 2016 compared to 114,000 at the end of 2015. Net inward migration for non-EU nationals is estimated to be 15,700. The number of newly arriving immigrants increased year-on-year to 84,600 at April 2017 from 82,300 at end April 2016. Non-EU nationals represented 34.8 per cent of this total at end April 2017. A total of 104,572 visas, both long stay and short stay, were issued in 2016. Approximately 4,127 persons were refused entry to Ireland at the external borders. Of these, 396 were subsequently admitted to pursue a protection application. 428 persons were returned from Ireland as part of forced return measures, with 187 availing of voluntary return, of which 143 were assisted by the International Organization for Migration Assisted Voluntary Return Programme. There were 532 permissions of leave to remain granted under section 3 of the Immigration Act 1999 during 2016. A total of 2,244 applications for refugee status were received in 2016, a drop of 32 per cent from 2015 (3,276). 641 subsidiary protection cases were processed and 431 new applications for subsidiary protection were submitted. 358 applications for family reunification in respect of recognised refugees were received. A total of 95 alleged trafficking victims were identified, compared with 78 in 2015.
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Sultan, Sadiqa, Maryam Kanwer, and Jaffer Abbas Mirza. The Multi-Layered Minority: Exploring the Intersection of Gender, Class and Religious-Ethnic Affiliation in the Marginalisation of Hazara Women in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2020.005.
Full textAbstract:
The Shia Hazaras in Pakistan are one of the most persecuted religious minorities. According to a 2019 report produced by the National Commission for Human Rights, a government formed commission, at least 509 Hazaras have been killed since 2013 (NCHR 2018: 2). According to one of the Vice Chairs of the Human Rights Commission Pakistan, the country's leading human rights watchdog, between 2009 and 2014, nearly 1,000 Hazaras were killed in sectarian violence (Butt 2014). The present population of Shia Hazaras is the result of three historical migrations from Afghanistan (Hashmi 2016: 2). The first phase of migration occurred in 1880 1901 when Abd al Rahman Khan came to power in 1880 in Afghanistan and declared war against the Hazaras as a result of a series of revolts they made against the regime.
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Lažetić, Marina. Migration, Extremism, & Dangerous Blame Games: Developments & Dynamics in Serbia. RESOLVE Network, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/wb2021.1.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid arrival of hundreds of thousands of migrants into the European Union (EU) from the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa beginning in 2015 coincided with an increase in support for anti-immigrant rhetoric and the far-right in many European countries. A substantial number of these migrants came to the EU through what became known as the “Balkan Route” a major transit land route cutting through the Western Balkans. In 2016, however, the Route officially “closed,” leaving many of those people attempting to reach Europe effectively stranded within the Balkans. In 2020, for example, approximately 7,000 migrants and refugees were present within the borders of Serbia at any given time. This presence of migrants within the Balkans did not go unnoticed and, in some cases, even spurred increased activity within and mobilization among far-right actors opposed to their presence in the region. Exploring this phenomenon, this report focuses on dynamics surrounding migration and responses to it from the far-right in Serbia, one of the countries on the Balkan Route.
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Prysyazhna-Gapchenko, Julia. Еміграційні видання для селян: між фаховістю і політикою. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2023.52-53.11720.
Full textAbstract:
In the article rare editions of magazine type are first probed for peasants which nursed in an environment the Ukrainian emigrants in the first post-war years on territory of the American area of occupation in Germany, and also in the USA. Separately paid regard to mision role of magazines in the association of the nebulized peasants round a desire to apply the obtained previous experience and knowledge on strange land, to present the world the Ukrainian peasantry as labour productive force and also round the idea of fight for independence, joining in with political activity of «old» parties and organizations which actively functioned in the environment of the Ukrainian emigrants. Outlined problem of magazines for peasants, and also sil’vetki of separate authors. In the repertoire of the Ukrainian emigrant press professional editions for peasants occupy an insignificant percent. But their appearance and functioning testify to the desire of certain part of wanderers – natives from villages, which got the special trade education, and also conscious group of peasants which tested tortures and humiliations as a result of violent collectivization, to unite the efforts for future effective economic labour in Ukraine, as emigration was at that time examined in their environment as the temporal phenomenon. De autre part, the creators of this periodicals did not hide the purpose of distribution of the purchased knowledges and experience in the countries of migration. Publishers at mediation of magazines formed soil for creation of political party, which would unite the unions of the Ukrainian peasants-emigrants (farmers), which got organized in camps for the moved persons. Soon, in 1948, party of liberal direction – Union of earths of cathedral Ukraine is was created in Ashaffenburzi (Germany) and on convention in New Wales (in 1950) renamed on Peasant party. Greater part of problem of magazines «the Ukrainian owner», «Ukrainian peasant», «Rural owner», was inferior preparation to realization of this emigrant project. A separate place belongs to the magazine «the Ukrainian manager», the release of which, without regard to influences of mel’nikivskogo wing OUN, managed from the first to the last number to dissociate oneself from a policy, save popular scientific status agrarian-economic direction. Even publications the main theme of number is violated in which, for example, criticism of a collective farm system the USSR or analysis of economic problems of socialism, scientific arguments is marked and by the unprejudice of author. Functioning in the environment of emigration of «rural» periodicals is dictated a desire to combine effort peasants for a maintenance and increase of professional level, to send them in the river-bed of fight for liberation from under the burden of persecutors of the Ukrainian village.