Journal articles on the topic 'Migration and remittance'
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1
Islam, Md Ashraful, and Md Rokonuzzaman. "Impact of Outflows Migration on Inflows Remittance of Different Countries in SAARC Region." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.98.9066.
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The main objective of the study is to determine the impact of migration on remittance for some different countries in SAARC region. Country wise yearly data of outflows migrations and inflows remittances from 1990 to 2017 are collected from 6 countries in SAARC region which are considered in the analysis. To complete this study, some statistical analysis like as multivariate analysis and panel analysis are computed. The highest number of average migrant is found in India with yearly average number of out migrant is 209992 and average inflow remittances is 33214.45 million US dollars which is also high among these six countries, whereas the lowest number of out migrated people are found in Maldives with a yearly average number of migrants is 437 and the amount of average inflows remittances is 3.08 million US dollars which is also lowest among in SARRC countries. India, Bangladesh and Pakistan are comparatively high out migrated countries as well as high remittance receiving countries. In MANOVA analysis, significant Hotelling test statistic indicates the population mean vector with migration and remittances for different countries in SAARC region are not equal. LM test statistic supported to run a panel regression model for analyzing the data. Furthermore significant Hausman test statistic suggests for analyzing fixed effect panel regression model. Outputs from panel regression model show that there have significant positive contributions of migration for all of these countries to the remittance. i.e. if the outflows migration of these region increases, the yearly average inflows remittance will be increased. Considering Bangladesh as a base country in dummy variable regression model in panel analysis, all others countries have significant contribution of migrations to remittances compared with that of Bangladesh. One can use simulation study for getting fruitful results. Also the researcher can apply discrimination analysis to get better results.
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Sricharoen, Thitiwan. "International Migrant Remittances and Saving from Thailand to Neighboring Countries." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.958.
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Remittances are a vital source of income for poor migrant sending countries. The purpose of research is to identify the determinants of remittances of migrant workers in Thailand, that are, Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao migrants. Data collection of 511 migrant workers in central region of Thailand. Methodology uses probit regression analysis. Research results present that the migrants are classified into three groups, which are, first time migration (45.21%), second times migration (26.81%) and third or more times migration (27.98%). Determinants of remittance of Cambodia migrants are first time migration, be registered or documented migrant, single status, household size and number of migrating household members in Thailand. Remittance of Myanmar migrants rely on social assistance, be documented migrant, number of months visit home in the last two years, length of stay in Thailand and number of migrating household members in Thailand. For Lao migrants, remittances are influenced by saving, male status, Income, be documented migrant, household size, real estate owned, and burden of family.
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Tilbe, Fethiye. "Remittances and Social Policy: Reflecting on The Migration Conference 2019." Remittances Review 4, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 167–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v4i2.864.
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The debates over and interest in remittances have grown significantly in the last decade or so. This is mainly due to the growth in the volume of remittances sent and received around the world which exceeded 600 billion USD per annum. Despite a burgeoning literature, most studies focus on the receiving end. However, it takes two to tango. The circumstances of those sending and the impact of sending remittances on the sending parties are equally important. The determinants of each and every transfer, the motivations to send money and its impact on further migrations, integration and beyond needs to be understood. More studies needed to understand sending behaviour and dynamics. Patterns of remittance sending should be examined from both sending and receiving perspectives. Another weak area in the literature is the remittance flows into industrialised countries (or traditional destination countries). These flows represent about a third of global remittance flows and yet to receive adequate attention in scholarly and policy debates. Within the wider framework of remittances debate, it is also important to bring in social policy perspectives. These questions are being reflected in this article concern the papers presented at The Migration Conference 2019 Bari, Italy.
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Ullah, AKM Ahsan, and Sharifah Nurul Huda Alkaff. "Biological Remittance Among Migrant Workers: Social Ramifications in the Philippines and Indonesia." Journal of Asian and African Studies 53, no. 6 (April 10, 2018): 896–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909618762481.
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The huge amount of remittance transfers has brought migration studies to the fore in the public and private discourse on global development. Since the time migration studies occupied a space in the academe, most research has been devoted to remittances in cash and their use. Prior to the mid-nineties, the debate about the concept of migrants’ ‘remittance’ has not entailed other forms of remittances other than remittances in cash. This research explores another form of remittance, that is, biological remittance. This research firstly explores how migrant populations handle ‘biological remittance’ in their societies, and secondly compares the experiences of female migrant workers in two countries with distinct cultural and religious mores. We collected empirical information from two countries: Indonesia and the Philippines. A total of 38 respondents (17 from the Philippines and 21 from Indonesia) were selected for this study by using the snowball technique. While all the respondents, irrespective of countries of origin, face ordeals coping with their situation, Indonesians bear more psychological burden than the Filipinos. This research has crucial implications for scholars, researchers and policy-makers alike.
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Islam, Mohammad Mainul, Sayema Haque Bidisha, Israt Jahan, Md Biplob Hossain, and Tanveer Mahmood. "Effects of Remittances on Health Expenditure and Treatment Cost of International Migrant Households in Bangladesh." Making of Contemporary Maldives: Isolation, Dictatorship and Democracy 2, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52823/xfry1732.
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The Bangladesh economy is characterized by remarkable progress in international migration, resulting in a considerable inflow of remittance. Although many studies have attempted to study the effect of foreign remittances on household expenditure patterns, no effort has been made to critically analyze the effects and implications of migration and remittance flow on migrant households’ health expenditure. This article attempts to explore the effect of remittance on the health expenditure of remittance recipient households (RRHs) and the impact of the cost of treatment. Descriptive and regression analyses and standard micro-econometric techniques were applied by analyzing the nationally representative household data set of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2010 of Bangladesh. Results show that RRHs are more likely to spend more on health matters and more likely to have higher treatment costs than non-recipient households. Thus, remittances are significantly associated with health expenditure and the cost of treatment. International migration seems to be a household strategy characterized by a high expected return.
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Ullah, AKM Ahsan. "Editorial." Remittances Review 3, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v3i2.590.
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In this issue of Remittances Review, we present five papers that deal with diverse developmental issues within the ambit of migration and remittance. Remittances Review plays a role as bridge builders between scholars and policy audiences. This peer reviewed journal is interested in papers that deal with policy, development and governance issues in migration and remittance. In recent years, the growing attention on aspects of remittances has been due to the rise in record level to developing countries and their potential contribution to the development of the receiving ends.
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Kalaj, Ermira H. "Hidden Consequences of Migration and Remittances in Albania." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 3, no. 1 (April 30, 2015): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v3i1.p219-225.
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Using household survey data for Albania, the paper investigates the effect of remittances on health capital accumulation. Total expenditure is divided into two categories: expenditure on medicines and expenditure on visits and laboratory services. The estimation is presented for two separate sub groups, rural and urban area. In the paper both instrumental variable and propensity score matching are used to give answer to the research question about the impact of remittances in the health capital investment. The findings indicate that households increase their expenditure for medicines and other health services in the presence of remittance income. The positive relationship is statistically significant in the case of remittance receiving households living in the rural area. The magnitude is lower in the case of total expenditure for visits and laboratory. However, total expenditure for visits and laboratory are likely to have significant impact on the health outcome given their prevention nature. These findings show that remittance flows pay a heterogeneous role in the decision making process of remittance-receiving household members. However, these non-labor income flows may play an important role in supporting expenditures, especially for those living in rural areas.
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Aysa-Lastra, María. "Gendered Patterns of Remitting and Saving among Mexican Families with U.S. Migration Experience." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 684, no. 1 (July 2019): 188–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716219853801.
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This article explores patterns of remittance sending among male and female migrants from Mexico to the United States, and patterns in the use of remittances among receiving households in Mexico. It also identifies variables that determine remittance sending and saving behaviors in migrants’ most recent U.S. trip. Results reveal gendered differences in the investment and consumption strategies adopted by families in communities of origin. Despite marked differences in the capacity of women to generate remittances and savings compared with men, patterns of remittance use by families in communities of origin are not substantially distinct, though female migrants are more likely to send remittances for investments in human capital than male migrants. In addition, remittances and savings sent by male migrants are more likely to be used in housing improvements and investments in productive capital than those sent by women. These differences do not necessarily reflect migrants’ preferences, but mirror the sociocultural contexts in which decision-making about remittances, savings, and spending take place.
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Sah, Badri Narayan. "Remittance and Economic Development of Nepal." Patan Pragya 5, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 196–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v5i1.30475.
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Nepal is one of the least developed but high remittances recipient countries in the world. Nepal received remittance from US$ 8.1 billion in 2016 and it is ranked 23rd among the remittance receiving countries in the world. Remittance income is one of the major sources of capital formation in the context of Nepal. It is directly related with the labour migration in a country which in return enhances foreign employment. Remittances have become a major contributing factor to increasing household income as well as country’s GDP. About 30 percent of Nepal’s GDP comes in the form of remittance money which is sent home by Nepalese working abroad and it helps to reduce country’s poverty rate. Poverty reduction took place in Nepal from 42 percent (1995/96) to 25.2 percent (2010/11). Nepal’s remittance recipients reached 31.5 percent GDP in 2015. The total amount of remittance in the country is 259 billion and among which 20 percent is internal sources, 11 percent from India and 69 percent from Gulf countries. Remittance received by the households is mainly used for daily consumption (79 percent) and remaining other purposes. Moreover, Nepal’s economic status mostly depends on remittance received which is therefore migration driven economy.
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Ratha, Dilip, and Sanket Mohapatra. "Forecasting migrant remittances during the global financial crisis." MIGRATION LETTERS 7, no. 2 (January 28, 2014): 203–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v7i2.193.
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The financial crisis has highlighted the need for forecasts of remittance flows in many developing countries where these flows have proved to be a lifeline to the poor people and the economy. This note describes a simple methodology for forecasting country-level remittance flows in a manner consistent with the medium-term outlook for the global economy. Remittances are assumed to depend on bilateral migration stocks and income levels in the host country and the origin country. Changes in remittance costs, shifts in remittance channels, global exchange rate movements and unpredictable immigration controls in the migrant-destination countries pose risks to the forecasts. Much remains to be done to improve the forecast methodology, data on bilateral flows, and high-frequency monitoring of migration and remittance flows.
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Ramanayake, Sanika Sulochani, and Chandana Shrinath Wijetunga. "Sri Lanka’s Labour Migration Trends, Remittances and Economic Growth." South Asia Research 38, no. 3_suppl (August 22, 2018): 61S—81S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728018792088.
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Labour migration has significant multiple impacts for Sri Lanka, where migrant remittances have massively increased over time. In the light of changing migrant worker dynamics, including state involvement in virtually exporting people, this article examines various trends of labour migration and then specifically analyses remittance inflows and their economic impacts in Sri Lanka between 1970 and 2015. Our findings confirm the increasing importance of remittances as a source of external financing, with considerable impetus for domestic economic growth, related development policies and gender issues. The conclusions make some suggestions to safeguard future remittance inflows to Sri Lanka.
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Strielkowski, Wadim, Kateřina Hluštíková, Olena Malynovska, and Zuzana Horváthová. "Ukrainian migration in the EU: A comparative analysis of migration and remittance behaviour." Geografie 120, no. 3 (2015): 372–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2015120030372.
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From the perspective of international migration, Ukraine represents a particularly interesting case because it is a country of emigration, immigration and transit migration; wherefore the movement of people occurs in all directions. Moreover, the country faces serious economic problems that are fuelled by political instability within the country. Nowadays, Ukraine is a country with fifth largest emigration in the world with the largest representation of emigrants in Czechia. This paper examines the remittance behaviour of Ukrainian labour migrants. We attempt to test the theory of dwindling remittances on the data on Ukrainian migration in seven European Union countries and to determine whether the time spent away from home actually has a negative effect of remittances. We use data from a recent project called MIRPAL (Migration and Remittance Peer Assisted Learnings) conducted by Ukrainian researchers in cooperation with the World Bank which maps in detail the economic and social situation of Ukrainian migrants in European Union.
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Cohen, Jeffrey H. "Editorial: Advancing Scholarship on Remittances." Remittances Review 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v2i1.433.
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The articles included in this issue of Remittance Review reinforce our continued efforts in maturation of theory in the study of remittance practices (see Sirkeci, Cohen, Ratha, 2012 and Ratha and Sirkeci, 2010). The themes addressed go well beyond concerns with the physical nature of remittances, direction of flows and outcomes of remittance practices in an economic vacuum. In fact, the authors whose articles are included here, work from the belief that remittances are best understood within a political economy framework that emphasizes global market forces, pays careful attention to how remittances are embedded in culture and society, and recognizes how remittances as well as migration influence, and are influenced by, kinship.
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Binci, Michele, and Gianna Claudia Giannelli. "Internal versus International Migration." International Migration Review 52, no. 1 (March 2018): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imre.12267.
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This paper focuses on the effects of domestic and international remittances on child labor and schooling. Using data from the 1992–1993 and 1997–1998 Vietnam Living Standards Surveys, we investigate school attendance and child labor in remittance recipient and non-recipient households. The results of our binomial logit and two-sided censored regression panel analysis indicate that remittances increase schooling and reduce child labor. Although international remittances are found to have a stronger beneficial impact than domestic remittances in the cross-section, the panel analysis, taking account of fixed effects, reverses this result, showing that the only significant impact stems from domestic remittances.
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Meyer, Silke. "“Home Is Where I Spend My Money”: Testing the Remittance Decay Hypothesis with Ethnographic Data from an Austrian-Turkish Community." Social Inclusion 8, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i1.2435.
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Remittances—money sent back by migrants to their place of origin—are considered to be both economic and social practices mapping out a transnational space of migration. By sending and receiving money, objects, ideas, and social norms, migrants and non-migrants strengthen their social ties and express their multiple belongings. Remittances can thus be read as a practice of multi-local participation and inclusion. When remittance develops a negative trend, the remittance decay hypothesis thus concludes a shift in belonging: The longer migrants stay in their host country and build a life there, the less they remit. In this article, the remittance decay hypothesis is tested with ethnographic data from interviews and participant observation in the migration nexus between Uşak, Turkey, and Fulpmes, Austria. Remittance to Turkey has declined markedly in the last two decades from a record high of 574 USD million in September 1998 to a record low of 11 USD million in August 2019. Ethnographic data with members of three generations of Turkish-Austrians in Fulpmes can help to explain this process from a diachronic perspective: for changing remittance practices and a transformation in remittance scripts, e.g., as investment, compensation, help, gift or charity donation, demonstrate that there is more to the story than a fading sense of belonging.
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Connell, John, and Richard P. C. Brown. "Migration and Remittances in the South Pacific: Towards New Perspectives." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 4, no. 1 (March 1995): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689500400101.
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For more than a quarter of a century there has been substantial emigration from the smaller island states of the Pacific to metropolitan fringe states, mainly the United States, New Zealand and Australia. Migration reduced unemployment in the island states and remittances have contributed to raised living standards. There has been some shift of remittances from consumption to investment. Communal remittances are of greater significance than in other world regions. There is a high propensity to sustain remittance flows over long periods of time at some cost to the senders. The duration and magnitude of migration, the remittance flows and their considerable social and economic consequences in a range of contexts has demonstrated the need for much more attention to be given, in terms of both studies and policy formation, to the role of migration and remittances in economic and social development in the Pacific region.
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Mata-Codesal, Diana. "Linking social and financial remittances in the realms of financial know-how and education in rural Ecuador." Migration Letters 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v10i1.108.
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This article explores the links between financial and social remittances in the context of Ecuadorian migration to the US and Spain. Ethnographic research on remittance patterns and impacts was carried out in two villages in Southern highland Ecuador. Each site has a different migration and remittance reception profile, in the broad contexts of Ecuadorian regular migration to Spain versus irregular migration to the US. In the specific cases in this research there are links between social and financial remittances in the realm of migrants’ and their relatives’ dealings with the Ecuadorian banking system. Experiences prior to migration and exposure while abroad heavily shape their financial behaviour. A second set of links was identified in the sphere of education. These links are highly gendered with non-migrant women getting ahead of their male peers in educational attainment.
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Jee, Shyam Krishna. "REMITTANCE BEHAVIOUR OF OUT-MIGRATION IN ROHTAS DISTRICT." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 9, no. 66 (September 1, 2021): 15293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjis.v9i66.6822.
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Intact Human migration is an important area of research in Population Geography. It has been related to mankind from the very beginning of human life. During earlier days people used to move from one forest to another in search of food. The development of civilization helped people to keep animals and cultivated land. This led to the development of settlement. But at this stage also, people continued to move from one region to another in search of fertile land. In due course of time, the development of trade, industry and transport encouraged people to move from one area to another. These developments accelerated rural-urban migration which caused urbanization and industrialization. Remittances has also affected the migration level in this study remittance behaviour has been analysed. It affects the variable measuring economic development. In any economy, unbalanced regional development leads to internal migration. Moreover, globalization and liberalization generated system as well as flow of remittances. In present study remittance behaviour of out-migrants in state of Bihar and Rohtas district has been discussed. In this study age-group factor have been carved out according to remittance behaviour.
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Loxha, Arbëresha. "Do Remittances reduce poverty in Kosovo? - A counterfactual analysis." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeb-2019-0018.
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Abstract Migration and remittances are argued to be an effective mechanism for mitigating poverty, as well as a coping mechanism for disadvantaged households with no or little employment and earning opportunities in Kosovo. A considerable part is reported to be directed towards consumption and very little for investment or enterpreneurship purposes. The high dependence of households on remittances suggests that poverty rates would be much higher without the safety net provided through migration and remittances. The conventional approach of empirically estimating determinants of remittances, including those focusing on Kosovo, treats both remittance and migration behaviour as independent decisions. Empirically estimating determinants of remittances while overlooking the importance of variables that influenced the decision to migrate will leave out these determinants and also bias the results. Hence, this study treats migration and remittance decision as a joint process and focuses on the household. More precisely, it analyses the impact that remittances and migration have on the poverty in Kosovo, in a hypothetical case, without remittances and migration using data from the Household Budget Survey 2011. Due to the potential presence of selection bias, this study uses a two-stage Heckman-type selection procedure which suggests that there is no selection bias. The study develops counterfactual consumption estimates for remittance recipient households through the use of survey bootstrap procedure to predict the consumption of households in the case of no remittances. The results support the hypothesis that remittances increase the consumption of recipient households. The poverty rate would be higher for a considerable proportion of households in the case of no remittances. The poverty rates would increase particularly in rural areas. The novelty of this study lies on the methodological approach chosen to investigate the impact of remittances on poverty in Kosovo. In contrast to previous analysis, this study controls for potential selection bias and empirically assesses whether the expectations on the poverty reducing effect of remittances in Kosovo hold.
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Sricharoen, Thitiwan. "Migration and Remittances: Evidence from Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao Migrant Workers." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(29).
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The purpose of research deals with leading questions regarding migration, concentrating on migration remittances, and management relating to remittance. The survey was conducted in 2018. Five hundred and eleven migrant workers from these source countries-Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao, were interviewed. This research applies probit regression analysis. The results show that repeated migrants who are not first-time migrant, are a highly specific group with 54.74%. First-time migrants are most likely to send remittances home while working in Thailand, accounting for 2,826 Baht per month. However, this number decrease with the second-time migrants send remittances about 2,331 Baht per month. Saving behavior is similar between first-time migrants and second-time migrants, who save a portion of their earnings. However, this number increases to 50% in the cases of third and subsequent migrants. The estimation of sending remittances of all migrant's nationalities. The variables that have the influence on remittances in the positive direction are these variables: being Cambodia migrants, burden of family, social assistance, being Myanmar migrant and household size, respectively. On the other hand, the variables that effect on remittances in the opposite direction are attain below primary school, education (in year), real estate owned, and number of migrating household members in Thailand, respectively. The results show that those who finished below primary school are more likely to send remittances, compared with those who finished above primary school. Main policy recommendations are: bank should decrease money transferring cost; employers should pay salary through banking accounts; migrants should remit money through formal channels. Keywords: Migration, Remittance, International Migration, Myanmar Migrant, Cambodian Migrant, Lao Migrant.
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Latapi, Agustín Escobar. "Migration vs. development? The case of poverty and inequality in Mexico." Migration Letters 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v9i1.203.
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Although the migration – development nexus is widely recognized as a complex one, it is generally thought that there is a relationship between poverty and emigration, and that remittances lessen inequality. On the basis of Latin American and Mexican data, this chapter intends to show that for Mexico, the exchange of migrants for remittances is among the lowest in Latin America, that extreme poor Mexicans don't migrate although the moderately poor do, that remittances have a small, non-significant impact on the most widely used inequality index of all households and a very large one on the inequality index of remittance-receiving households, and finally that, to Mexican households, the opportunity cost of international migration is higher than remittance income. In summary, there is a relationship between poverty and migration (and vice versa), but this relationship is far from linear, and in some respects may be a perverse one for Mexico and for Mexican households.
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Khan, Mohd Imran, and Valatheeswaran C. "International Remittances and Private Healthcare in Kerala, India." Migration Letters 17, no. 3 (May 8, 2020): 445–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v17i3.778.
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The inflow of international remittances to Kerala has been increasing over the last three decades. It has increased the income of recipient households and enabled them to spend more on human capital investment. Using data from the Kerala Migration Survey-2010, this study analyses the impact of remittance receipts on the households’ healthcare expenditure and access to private healthcare in Kerala. This study employs an instrumental variable approach to account for the endogeneity of remittances receipts. The empirical results show that remittance income has a positive and significant impact on households’ healthcare expenditure and access to private healthcare services. After disaggregating the sample into different heterogeneous groups, this study found that remittances have a greater effect on lower-income households and Other Backward Class (OBC) households but not Scheduled Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) households, which remain excluded from reaping the benefit of international migration and remittances.
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Nobi, Md Nur, Md Arif Billah, Tani Tani, and Asaduzzaman Shohel. "Foreign remittance inflow in Bangladesh: A statistical analysis." Global Journal of Business, Economics and Management: Current Issues 12, no. 3 (October 28, 2022): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjbem.v12i3.6553.
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The major goal of this research is to assess Bangladesh's foreign remittance inflows. In recent years, remittance has risen to prominence as one of the most important economic variables, since it helps with the surplus balance of payments, foreign reserves, aggregate savings and money circulation. Bangladesh's foreign trade has begun to improve after overcoming the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. In comparison to the previous fiscal year, total export earnings declined by 16.93% to US$ 33,674.09 million in FY2019–20. During the first half of fiscal year 2020–21, export earnings totalled US$ 35,180.81 million, up 13.64% over the same period of the previous fiscal year. Furthermore, remittance earnings are growing at a slower rate than emigration from Bangladesh, owing to a rising number of unskilled or semi-skilled labourers in overseas migration rather than professional. Remittances have a great impact on Bangladesh's economy. Keywords: Foreign remittance, money laundering, foreign exchange, foreign trade, migration, economy;
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Makina, Daniel, and Andries Masenge. "The time pattern of remittances and the decay hypothesis: Evidence from migrants in South Africa." Migration Letters 12, no. 1 (January 4, 2015): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v12i1.258.
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Using a dataset of migrants who migrated to South Africa over the period 1979-2007, we investigate the time pattern of remittances and the determinants of remittances. We find that the level of remittances first increases with the time spent in the host country and later on declines after an estimated 8 years of migration experience and thus exhibiting an inverted-U pattern over time. This finding lends support to the remittance decay hypothesis. We also find the level of remittances to be significantly positively related to the number of dependents in the home country, legal status, access to banking, income and savings levels, and negatively related to the education level, return intentions, frequency of home visits and economic and political reasons for migrating. Furthermore, the level of remittances is observed to exhibit an inverted U-profile with the age of the migrant, that is, it first rises in early age and falls in old age. The remittance decay phenomenon is seen to stem from a mixture of the theories of altruism and the informal loan repayment alluded to in the literature.
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Vianello, Francesca Alice. "Ukrainian migrant women’s social remittances: Contents and effects on families left behind." Migration Letters 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v10i1.114.
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This article examines different forms of Ukrainian migrant women’s social remittances, articulating some results of two ethnographic studies: one focused on the migration of Ukrainian women to Italy, and the other on the social impact of emigration in Ukraine. First, the paper illustrates the patterns of monetary remittance management, which will be defined as a specific form of social remittance, since they are practices shaped by systems of norms challenged by migration. In the second part, the article moves on to discuss other types of social remittances transferred by migrant women to their families left behind: the right of self-care and self-realisation; the recognition of alternative and more women-friendly life-course patterns; consumption styles and ideas on economic education. Therefore, I will explore the contents of social remittances, but also the gender and intergenerational conflicts that characterise these flows of cultural resources.
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Acharya, Yogendra, Yuganath Ghimire, Nemdev Upadhayay, and Bikas Poudel. "Assessing Migration and Remittance Status and its Effect on Maize Production in Nepal." Journal of Nepal Agricultural Research Council 5 (April 28, 2019): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnarc.v5i1.23814.
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Outmigration has been considered a major issue in agricultural production of Nepal. The study aimed to assess migration and remittance status and its effect on maize production. Altogether 682, both migrated and non-migrated households were selected using proportionate random sampling from six representative districts covering four provinces and all ecological domains of Nepal. Primary data were collected through households' survey and focus group discussion using structured and pretested interview schedule. The results showed that 26 percent of households have at least one member living abroad for a job opportunity. Most of the migration was male-centric and Chitwan district ranked first among study districts on migration status. About 43 percent of households received more than two hundred thousand annually as remittance and mostly they used that money in household consumption followed by education and loan repayment. Around 54 percent of households agreed that they were using remittances in maize farming mainly for purchasing chemical fertilizer and improved seed. The use of remittance income in mechanization such as buying/using of corn sheller and power tiller was comparatively very less. The results showed insignificant maize productivity but the fallow land holdings of the migrated household were significantly higher than non-migrating households. The issue of migration and fallow land holdings in maize has become an emerging concern to development worker and policy makers. Therefore, the introduction of efficient maize production system along with value addition program that linked with market targeting youth manpower is an urgent need for effective utilization of fallow land. Moreover, such opportunity also provides an avenue to the productive investment of remittance.
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NIIMI, YOKO, and BARRY REILLY. "GENDER DIFFERENCES IN REMITTANCE BEHAVIOR: EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAM." Singapore Economic Review 56, no. 02 (June 2011): 215–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590811004237.
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This paper investigates the role of gender in remittance behavior among migrants using the 2004 Vietnam Migration Survey data. The gender dimension to remittance behavior has not featured strongly in the existing literature and our findings thus contain novel appeal. In addition, we use estimates from both homoscedastic and heteroscedastic tobit models to decompose the raw gender difference in remittances into treatment and endowment components. We find little evidence that gender differences in remittances are attributable to behavioral differences between men and women, and this finding is invariant to whether the homoscedastic or heteroscedastic tobit is used in estimation.
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Song, Qian, and Zai Liang. "Remittance Behaviors of International Migrants in Comparative Perspective: The Case in Fujian, China." International Migration Review 53, no. 3 (September 25, 2018): 930–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918318791499.
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Taking an origin-destination linked approach, we compare remittance behaviors of Fuzhou-US and Mingxi-Europe migrants. We find that different mechanisms predict propensity to remit and the amount of remittances. Altruistic remittance is more consistent with the remitting propensities of migrants from the poorer Mingxi region but is also reflected in the remittance amount of migrants from Fuzhou, where there is higher economic disparity and where people who fail to consume lavishly are socially sanctioned. When emigration is risky, circuitous, and expensive, we find, migration cost drives the remittance amount. In Fuzhou, where cultural practice is developed to confer honor on public project donors, more households are motivated to contribute to public infrastructure. These results provide economic, political, and cultural contexts for remittance theories, identify contexts that promote community development, and help reconcile debates derived from single case studies in various settings.
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Rupp, Helen. "Migration als Wirtschaftsmodell." PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft 35, no. 140 (September 1, 2005): 393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v35i140.591.
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The money sent back by Salvadoran migrants in the Unites States to family and community members staying behind in El Salvador is one of the most obvious aspects of the transnationalisation of Salvadoran society during the last years. The constantly rising remittance flows are not only the sustain of a growing share of Salvadoran households but also keep at flow the national economy. The implementation of an economic model based on the exportation of workforce can explain why the government's policies rather encourage international migration and the sending of remittances than to fight the reasons behind this mass exodus.
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Kock, Udo, and Yan Sun. "Remittances in Pakistan: Why They Have Gone Up and Why They Are Not Coming Down." Pakistan Development Review 50, no. 3 (September 1, 2011): 189–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v50i3pp.189-208.
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The flow of workers’ remittances to Pakistan has more than quadrupled in the last eight years and shows no sign of slowing down, despite the economic downturn in the Gulf Cooperation Council and other important host countries for Pakistani workers. This paper analyses the forces that have driven remittance flows to Pakistan in recent years. A methodological innovation is that we study the behaviour of per capita remittances and draw a close link between remittances and remitters’ earning capacity, in the belief that higher earning power leads to more remittances. Our main conclusions are that (i) the growth in the inflow of workers’ remittances to Pakistan is in large part due to an increase in worker migration, (ii) the higher skill levels of migrating workers has helped boost remittances, and (iii) other imporant determinants of remittances to Pakistan are agricultural output and the relative yield on investments in the host and home countries. JEL classification: F22, F24 Keywords: Workers’ Remittances, Migration, Pakistan
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Alleluyanatha, Esther, and Lilian Treasure. "Effect of Youths Remittances on Rural Livelihoods in South Eastern Nigeria." Remittances Review 6, no. 2 (October 27, 2021): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v6i2.1581.
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This study evaluated the effect of remittances on crop productivity and household welfare in Southeastern, Nigeria. Anambra and Imo states were purposively selected for their high rate in youth migration; and 714 households were used for the study. Data was analyzed using Endogenous treatment effect model. Wealth Index Score was used as a proxy for household welfare. The results of the study showed that employment status, sex of migrant, and age of migrant, sending remittance for buying of agricultural implements as well as paying for school were the major factors that influenced sending of remittances by the youths to the originating households in the study area. Also, the average treatment effect (ATE) of remittances on household welfare was insignificant, implying that there was no significant difference between remittance and non-remittance households. However, the ATE of remittances on crop productivity was significant in the pooled states but not significant in the states. Youths should be encouraged to move into agriculture by removing the bottlenecks associated to agricultural production.
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Rufai, Mistura, Adebayo Ogunniyi, Kabir Salman, Motunrayo Oyeyemi, and Mutiat Salawu. "Migration, Labor Mobility and Household Poverty in Nigeria: A Gender Analysis." Economies 7, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies7040101.
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The increase in the geographical mobility of labour as a result of poverty, unemployment and unstable economic conditions, among other factors, especially among professionals, has been associated with a brain drain in Nigeria. Despite the high level of migration and subsequent remittances from migrants, a large proportion of Nigerians still live in poverty. The increased participation of women in migration in the country also brings to the fore the existence of gender-specific migration experiences and how this has in turn affected their households. Based on gender, this study assesses the extent of labour mobility, its determinants and how it influences remittance inflows and household poverty using the logit regression model Propensity Score Matching and Linear Regression with Endogenous Treatment Effect Approach. Results reveal that while more males travelled for employment purposes, more females travelled due to marriage arrangements. More of the migrants that were working after migration had worked before migration and had the highest average amount of remittance sent to households. The study shows that labour mobility increases the amount of remittance sent to households. However, the increase was higher among male migrants than female migrants. More than half of the migrants had poor households; meanwhile, labour mobility was found to reduce the extent of poverty. The study recommended that policies that improve the welfare of labour and reduce the brain drain, unemployment and closures of enterprises in the country should be put in place. Also, effective policies and interventions that promote the use of remittances to achieve maximum reductions in poverty should be pursued.
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Cela, Toni, Mario Fidálgo, and Louis Herns Marcelin. "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Haiti's Changing Remittance Landscape." Relaciones Internacionales 95, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 139–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/ri.95-2.6.
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In 2020, analyses from multilateral institutions predicted that the COVID-19 pandemic would hamper remittance transfers to the Latin America and Caribbean region; yet they showed steady increases in 2020 and 2021. Haiti’s remittance economy has largely maintained its vitality, helping families weather multiple crises. Drawing on data from a study of the impact of COVID-19 on Haitian households and remittance data from Haiti’s Central Bank, this article examines Haiti’s changing remittance landscape, with particular attention paid to new migratory flows to Latin America that have emerged since the January 2010 earthquake. Considering the increase in migration to Brazil and Chile, among other countries, between 2010 and 2020, we ask, what role have remittances from South America played in Haitian households leading up to and during the COVID-19 pandemic?
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Dhungana, Ananta Raj, and Dipendra Pandit. "Socio - Economic Impact of Remittance on Households in Lekhnath Municipality, Kaski, Nepal." Economic Literature 12 (May 10, 2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/el.v12i0.14886.
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<p>The study aims to explore the impact of remittance on social and economic status at households. For this purpose, one hundred and forty seven households having migrant family member (at least one) were selected in Lekhnath Municipality of Kaski District, Nepal. The information was collected via interview by using structured interview schedule. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were carried out to analyze the impact of remittance. Paired t-test was carried out to see the economic change before and after the remittance received. The impact of remittances on both economic status and the social status of the sampled households is remarkable. The perceived status of the household in the past migration period is better than that in the pre-migration period. Yearly remittance in a household is significantly associated with other socio-economic variables. So, overseas remittance has brought a qualitative change in children’s education and health status. An improvement in the economic status of migrant households, the involvement of the household in community development activities, and participation of the household in social organization have brought a positive change in the overall socio-economic status of the migrant households.</p><p>Economic Literature Vol.12 2014: 39-49</p>
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Nnyanzi, John Bosco. "What drives international remittances to Africa." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 7, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 397–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-07-2013-0067.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the macro-economic and institutional drivers of remittance inflows to Africa. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses an enhanced gravity model in a random effects framework to test two hypotheses dominant in literature as well as the institutional quality hypothesis. A bilateral data set is created from the most recent available remittance data set to afford the capture of the impact of the selected macro-economic variables from both the host and recipient countries. Findings The results provide support for the trio hypotheses. A key finding is the co-existence of altruism and self-interest motives. Also, control of corruption, financial development and a reduction in unofficial economic activity are observed to facilitate remittance inflows. The authors confirm the resilience of remittances during the global crisis and document a positive significant relationship between remittance inflows on the one hand and host migration stock, age dependency, etc., on the other. Practical implications This paper generates various insights in the design of relevant macro-economic and institutional policies to enhance remittance inflows and the productive use of the same for purposes of economic growth and development via poverty reduction and secure resource flow. Originality/value The majority of previous studies on the determinants of remittance inflows have basically focussed on the microeconomic variables, an approach that could understate the macro-economic impact of remittances and lead to inadequate policy formulation. The use of an enhanced gravity model on a newly created bilateral data set in the analysis is a nuance in the economics of remittances. Besides, previous studies have often ignored the institutional environment as critical in the remittance-determinant model.
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Ullah, AKM Ahsan, and Ibrahim Sirkeci. "Editorial." Remittances Review 3, no. 1 (May 14, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v3i1.423.
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Remittance flows in many developing countries have proved to be a lifeline to millions of households as well as the economies of many developing countries. Remittances have contributed a significant portion of GDPs in many countries. For example, remittances contribute about 50 per cent to Tajikistan’s GDP. As the volume of international migration increased substantially over the recent decades so did the volume of remittances. This is slightly slower than the past, for example, from 1970 to 2015, remittances increased by more than 500 per cent (see Ullah, 2017). However, it was proven that remittances were resilient to crises. The themes of the papers the current issue of Remittance Review include are geographically wide and thematically deep. The authors paid attention to a range of interesting dimensions of remittances i.e. how remittances become a development actor; interplay between remittances and growth and how remittances appear to diversify income sources in rural communities.
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Mahapatro, Sandhya R. "Why Do they Remit? Examining Factors Influencing Migrant Remittances in India." Journal of Development Policy and Practice 2, no. 2 (July 2017): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455133317704745.
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Little is known about the factors that determine the remittance behaviour of migrants in India. With socioeconomic transformations, the gradual change in female migration patterns for economic reasons also signifies their contribution to household well-being. Using the National Sample Survey (2007–2008) data and applying the Heckman’s two-stage procedure, this paper examines, separately, key determinants that influence the remittance behaviour of male and female migrants. Empirical estimates reveal that among various factors, monthly per capita expenditure, distance from origin, and duration of stay at destination are important predictors of remittance behaviour. These determinants of remittance highlight that migrants retain strong economic links with origin families not only to provide economic support but also for social ties. The findings provide support of contractual motive of remitting and suggest remittances are more effective in promoting development. Further, gender differences in remittance behaviour are observed for household size, occupational and educational level of the migrant.
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Cahyanti, Alif Dewi, and Lilik Sugiharti. "The Effect of Remittance on Consumption and Household Assets in Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Terapan 7, no. 1 (June 15, 2022): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jiet.v7i1.29096.
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International migration is the process of moving people from one country to another. There is a close relationship between migration and consumption behavior. Migration can be considered as an alternative to improve consumption patterns. The impact of international migration is quite large for the area of origin, one of which is the flow of remittances for the area of origin. Remittance also increases the welfare of recipient households that can increase their income and consumption. This study uses panel data sourced from Indonesian Family life Survey (IFLS) 4 and 5 in 2007 and 2014. using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. results show Ordinary Least Square (OLS) that remittances are significant and have a positive relationship with food consumption, non-food and total food and ownership of assets
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Edwards, Travis. "Remittance Flows and the Environmental Degradation–Migration Nexus." Journal of Population and Sustainability 6, no. 2 (August 7, 2022): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/jps.63788304908975.
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The net effect on the environment from migration into developed countries has received little attention in existing literature. Yet, this issue has important policy implications – e.g., nativists’ support of anti-immigration policy for achieving pollution reduction targets. This research uses panel data for 127 countries from years 1971–2012 to analyse how migration affects greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through remittance flows. The findings suggest higher remittances lead to lower GHG emissions. Further, the estimated decrease in GHG emissions more than compensates for any potential increase in global GHG emissions from migration into developed countries. These results suggest that pollution alone does not justify policies restricting immigration.
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Bosch, Catherine Van den, and George Mavrotas. "Gender, Remittances and the Impact of COVID-19: A Preliminary Analysis." Journal of Policy & Governance 02, no. 02 (December 31, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/jpg020201.
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Remittances are an important source of development finance, particularly in recent years, due also to increased migration flows at the global level. The recent COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a sudden drop in remittances, and an alarming aspect of the pandemic was that it particularly affected female migrants. Despite the importance of gender for remittance sending and usage, research about international migration and remittances insufficiently considers its role. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to partially fill this gap in the relevant literature by trying to address the following important questions: (1) In what ways is gender important in understanding the sending and the usage of remittances?; and (2) what is the relationship between gender, COVID-19, and pandemic-induced remittance reductions? In doing so, the paper provides an overview of the (limited) literature on the vast influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on female migrants. It also assesses whether gender has influenced the extent to which remittance inflows decreased as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic by conducting a preliminary empirical analysis based on some recent data (albeit limited) on the above nexus. The paper contributes to the relevant literature in multiple ways. First, the detailed discussion of the influence of gender on remittances and the impact of COVID-19 on female migrants has revealed important aspects of the overall relationship that can stimulate further research on these topics and also raises important policy questions for policymakers. Second, preliminary findings of a possible negative correlation between COVID-19-induced changes in remittances and female emigration rates provide some further insights into the above nexus. Finally, the paper raises important concerns about female migrants’ well-being during the pandemic and calls for further empirical research.
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Sunny, Justin, Jajati K. Parida, and Mohammed Azurudeen. "Remittances, Investment and New Emigration Trends in Kerala." Review of Development and Change 25, no. 1 (June 2020): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972266120932484.
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This article reports a study of the interlinkages among remittance receipts, household-level investment and the changing emigration patterns in Kerala, using seven rounds of the Kerala Migration Survey conducted between 1998 and 2018. The major findings suggest that remittances improved households’ per capita income and changed their spending patterns. Households receiving remittance, on average, spare a relatively larger share of monthly income on the consumption of non-food durable goods. Moreover, receipts of remittance also enable the households to save, to invest more on assets, land and buildings, and to form human capital (through increased share of spending on education and health). Households which devote a large share of spending on education and health also report a relatively high share of skilled emigration to either Global North or Oceania regions, instead of the traditional low-skilled Gulf emigration. Hence, policies that help boost these new emigration trends are likely to sustain the growth of remittance inflows and the process of overall socio-economic development in Kerala.
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Ullah, Ahsan. "Do remittances supplement South Asian development?" Remittances Review 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v2i1.436.
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Remittance inflows have been recorded as the second major external source of finance after ODA and an important source of funds for growth in South Asian countries. This paper examines the interaction between remittances and development in South Asia. Most receiving countries have experienced a major increase in remittance inflows and increase in growth of their GDP. The migration-development nexus is drawn, however, generally on the contribution of migrants’ remittances to the GDP of receiving countries. While this contribution could no way be undermined, the calculation of this contribution is largely done by excluding some significant factors such as loan-with high interest; opportunity cost; remittances fee; risks and life lost. There are arguments that the entire amount of remittances channelled into South Asian countries does not go to development. Though there is huge potential to contribute to the development, South Asia did not fully benefit from migrant remittances. This is may be because of the fact that channelling remittances, uses of it and lack of financial sector development have thwarted the potential
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Sumata, Claude, and Jeffrey H. Cohen. "The Congolese diaspora and the politics of remittances." Remittances Review 3, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v3i2.567.
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Economic turmoil and war constitute the main engines fuelling migration in the Democratic Republic of Congo since 1980. The development of migration is accompanied by remittance transfers that impact on the country. The most common use of remittances are to satisfy basic needs and fund specific family events that can include buying land, house construction and opening businesses along with consumption (education, health…). The direct transfer of material goods, such as cars and medical & IT materials, also plays a major role. While most remittances are not used to cover investments; funding education and family wellbeing can support growth and development.
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Man Thapa, Dhirendra. "SITUATION OF FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT AND REMITTANCE IN NEPAL: A CASE STUDY OF SIMTA RURAL MUNICIPALITY OF NEPAL." MALAYSIAN E COMMERCE JOURNAL 5, no. 1 (November 16, 2021): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/mecj.01.2021.42.44.
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The study aims to explore the situation of foreign employment and remittance on social and economic status in households. For this purpose, a total of 116 households having migrant family members (at least one) were selected in Simta Rural Municipality of Surkhet District, Nepal. The information was collected via interview by using a structured interview schedule. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were carried out to analyze the impact of remittance. The impact of remittances on both economic status and the social status of the sampled households is remarkable. At a time when the country’s major economic indicators are not favorable, remittances have played a vital role in maintaining macroeconomic stability and keeping the economy afloat. Though remittances sent home by migrant workers are a boon to the economy, the facilities are inadequate to back up the increasing trend of migration. Inadequate information on foreign employment, lack of skill training, and lack of assurance of safe working environment and rights of the migrant workers have obstructed foreign employment. Formulation and effective implementation of pro-poor migration policy is the need of today. The government should play a proactive role to promote foreign employment by inducting and adhering to the policy of economic diplomacy. Replicating the best practice of the region has to be endorsed in our national context for promotion and regularization of foreign employment, to encourage the official transfer of remittance, and to streamline the asset and skill of the returnees for the economic development of the country.
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Kaphle, Raghu Raj. "Relationship between Remittance and Economic Growth in Nepal." Tribhuvan University Journal 32, no. 2 (July 4, 2019): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v32i2.24722.
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For the period between 1976 and 2017, this study investigates the relation from remittances and trade to economic growth. Study applied time series econometric techniques; unit root, cointegration and error correction mechanism to examine long-run and short-run association between dependent and independent variables. Outcome confirms a long-run relationship between remittance, trade and economic growth. However, no short-run causal relationship exists between remittances and economic growth, but trade showed significant influence even in the short run in GDP for the period of analysis. The paper also discusses about the effective utilization of remittances. It is hoped that the study would be helpful to government and policy makers for domestic policy formation in the area of utilization of remittances and management of migration from Nepal.
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Ratha, Dilip, and Ibrahim Sirkeci. "Editorial: Remittances and the global financial crisis." MIGRATION LETTERS 7, no. 2 (January 28, 2014): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v7i2.186.
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Migrant remittances are an important source of external finance for developing countries. The current financial crisis is believed to have influenced migrant remittance flows as well as volume and patterns of use of remittances. In this special issue, a collection of cases from around the world is presented to understand the immediately felt effects of the crisis. Potential influences due to the crisis impact on migration patterns are yet to be seen and studied.
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Salifu, Gamel Abdul-Nasser. "Picking the Right Arrow for the Target: Modelling the Economic Impact of Remittance on Agribusinesss Entreprenuership and Youth Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa." Business and Management Research 10, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/bmr.v10n1p18.
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The consequences of conflictual views on modelling the economic impact of remittances on agribusiness entrepreneurship and economic growth, has been present for a long time in the economic literature, albeit in a somewhat scattered way. This has attracted wide-spread criticism for agribusiness inititaives and its failure to address rural unemployment within the context of youth participation in the global food markets. This paper provides a summary of the global evidence published in the thematic area of international migration-remittance and sustainable development with emphasis on the financialisation impact of remittance on agribusiness entreprenuership and economic growth. The paper selectively reviews over 100 documented cases that offer insights into the methodological approaches for empirical modelling of remittance studies around the world. The paper bridges different stands of literature in economic and business management sciences and exemplifies the new complementaries between remittance, agribusiness and supply chain developments. Much as the paper advances no particular theory for modelling the economic impact of remittances on agribusiness entreprenuership and growth, it clearly offers insights into picking the appropriate methodological approaches for empirical estimation of the net effects of remittances on agribusiness entrepreneurship and rural youth employment in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The paper pinpoints ample evidence and brings a case for use of randomized experimentation approaches in Sub-Saharan Africa prone to the vagaries of weather- shocks and climate change. The paper further elaborates the nexus between remittance and contemporary development themes of poverty reduction and inequality, investment and savings, labour supply participation and economic growth. The experimental evidence reported around the globe showed that remittances have positive effects on poverty reduction but negative ramifications for labour supply, education, and economic growth. The analysis made a startling discovery which demonstrated that although, remittances reduced labour supply participation in developing economies; it significantly increased consumption of luxury goods in migrant households and made no positive contribution whatsoever to economic growth. This sorepoint courts new attention on resolution of the dilemma of remittance on economic welfare and advances an immediate redress of the emerging crises of methodological misuse in Development economics. Specifically the paper finds penalties with choice of methodological approaches for modelling the economic impacts of remitance on agribusiness entrepreneurship and economic welfare and advocated the inculcation of political economy perspectives in order to intergrate the multidimensionality of the complicated linkages of remittance to agribusiness entrepreneurship, rural youth employment and sustainable economic growth.
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Sirkeci, Ibrahim. "Book Reviews." Remittances Review 1, no. 1 (October 31, 2016): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v1i1.446.
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The Remittance Landscape: Spaces of Migration in Rural Mexico and Urban USA by Sarah Lynn Lopez, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015, pp. 336, ISBN: 978-022620281-5.Migrant Remittances in South Asia: An Introduction edited by Md Mizanur Rahman, Tan Tai Yong, A K M Ahsan Ullah, Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2014, pp. 302, ISBN: 978-1-137-35079-4.
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Ivlevs, Artjoms. "Remittances and informal work." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 7 (October 3, 2016): 1172–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-08-2015-0117.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of remittances on informal employment in the migrants’ countries of origin, looking both at the remittance-receiving and non-migrant households. Design/methodology/approach Using data from a large survey conducted in six transition economies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, the determinants of three labour market outcomes – not working, working formally and working informally – are estimated in a multinomial probit model. The endogeneity of remittances is dealt with instrumental variables following the two-stage residual inclusion technique. To assess possible impact of remittances on non-migrant households, conditional correlations between the labour market outcomes of non-migrant households and the region-level share of remittance receivers are obtained. Findings Both correlational and instrumental variable analyses suggest that that receiving remittances increases the likelihood of working informally. At the regional level, high prevalence of remittances is associated with a higher likelihood of informal work among the non-migrant households. Migration and remittances may thus be contributing to informal employment in migration-sending countries. Research limitations/implications The empirical analysis is based on cross-sectional data, which do not allow isolating the effects of unobserved respondent heterogeneity. To deal with this issue, future research could use panel data. Originality/value The study explicitly considers the effects of remittances on formal and informal employment of remittances receivers as well as people who do not receive remittances. It advances the understanding of what drives informality in developing and transition economies.
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Kajtazi, Kaltrina, and Besnik Fetai. "Does the Remittance Generate Economic Growth in the South East European Countries?" Scientific Annals of Economics and Business 69, no. 1 (March 11, 2022): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2022-0004.
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This paper aims to examine the causal relationships between remittances and economic growth in 10 Southeast European developing countries, including Greece as a developed country. The research uses various econometric techniques, such as OLS, fixed-effects model, random-effects model, and Hausman-Taylor IV estimators. The regression results have shown up that there is a positive link between remittances and economic growth in 10 Southeastern European countries. Findings support the hypothesis that the remittance inflows generate economic growth in 10 Southeast European countries. Despite this, a positive relationship is also revealed between foreign direct investment, final consumption expenditure, gross capital formation, exports, and economic growth. The only exchange rate does not have a causal link on economic growth, meaning that the exchange rate does not affect economic growth. Since the remittances have a positive effect on the economic growth, and they represent a large source of external financing in Southeast European countries, the government should implement the right policies to reflect on encouraging and channelizing the remittance inflows for investment purposes, which in turn lead to a reduction of migration and unemployment. The study is original and makes effort to promote the role and significance of remittance inflows in the Southeast European developing countries, including Greece. The findings of the study might be valuable for Governments of these countries and other policymakers to channels remittances for investment purposes.