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1

Hannesson, Rögnvaldur. "Sharing a Migrating Fish Stock." Marine Resource Economics 28, no. 1 (January 2013): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5950/0738-1360-28.1.1.

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2

Shroff, Siddharth A., Mohammad Humaam Ansari, and Naman Agarwal. "Migrating fish bone in neck." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 4 (June 27, 2019): 1104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20192739.

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<p>Foreign body ingestion is very common in Asian population among which most common ingested foreign body is fish bone (FB). It usually presents with foreign body sensation, odynophagia or pricking sensation during deglutition. Usually diagnosis is achieved on basis of lateral radiograph of neck, videolaryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy. Sometimes FB migrates extraluminally and causes deep neck abscess, vascular complications including vascular esophageal fistula, puncture of carotid artery, thromboembolism, thyroid gland retention. Here we report a case where fish bone migrated extraluminally into neck piercing the carotid sheath and jarred between external carotid artery and internal carotid artery. Initial laryngoscopy and oesophagoscopy were both negative. Urgent Surgical exploration was planned due to severe pain and discomfort to patient and 4 cm fish bone was retrieved. Fish bone ingestion is the most common ingested foreign body encountered in otorhinolaryngology practice. Fish bones are most commonly impacted at base of tongue, palatine tonsil or vallecula. Sometimes fish bone extraluminally and causes various complications. Extraluminal migration of fish bone is very rare and very few cases have been reported and the only case reported from our region. </p>
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3

Johnson, Scott W., and Jonathan Heifetz. "Osmoregulatory Ability of Wild Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Dolly Varden Char (Salvelinus malma) Smolts." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 8 (August 1, 1988): 1487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-174.

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Osmoregulatory ability of wild coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Dolly Varden char (Salvelinus malma) smolts migrating from a small stream in southeastern Alaska was assessed by plasma Na+ levels after a 24-h seawater challenge. Osmoregulatory ability of coho salmon was unaffected by time of out-migration, water temperature, and fish size. Osmoregulatory ability of Dolly Varden char was apparently affected by time of out-migration or water temperature but not by fish size. Char migrating in the first half of the migration period, when water temperature was usually < 8.0 °C, had lower plasma Na+ levels than did char migrating in the second half when temperatures were [Formula: see text]. A plasma Na+ threshold of 170 mmol∙L−1, used by others to separate smolts from silvery parr, indicated that 70% of the coho salmon and 80% of the Dolly Varden char we sampled were physiologically prepared to enter seawater. The remaining fish may have suffered some level of osmoregulatory stress.
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4

Irvine, J. R., and B. R. Ward. "Patterns of Timing and Size of Wild Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Smolts Migrating from the Keogh River Watershed on Northern Vancouver Island." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46, no. 7 (July 1, 1989): 1086–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f89-140.

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Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolts leaving the Keogh River and its tributaries demonstrated consistent patterns in their timing and size. An initial early peak in the mean size of migrating smolts occurred several weeks before the peak in their timing, and in several years when smolt migration was monitored until July, a late peak in size occurred near the end of the smolt migration. Changes in the mean size of smolts were not related to their origin within the watershed, and varying age compositions were only partially responsible for the two peaks in mean size. Fish overwintering in tributary lakes grew faster than fish overwintering in tributary streams. A greater proportion of lake-origin smolts migrated to sea after only 1 yr in freshwater than stream-origin smolts. It appears that fish that wait until their second spring to smoltify are among the first to emigrate that spring. These relatively large 2 + smolts, combined with fast growing 1 + smolts that leave early during their first spring, cause the first peak in size. The small numbers of large smolts leaving the Keogh River at the ends of several of the smolt runs apparently left then because of minor flow increases in the river. As has been found with releases of coho smolts from nearby hatcheries, fish that left the Keogh River early in the smolt run generally had a more northerly marine catch distribution than later migrating smolts. A greater proportion of fish migrating to sea late in the smolt run were caught in the fishery than fish migrating early. Additional work examining the marine survival of early and late migrating wild smolts is recommended to enable detailed comparisons to be made between the optimal timing and size of wild and hatchery smolts.
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5

Kulbachnyi, S. E., N. V. Kolpakov, and O. A. Kudrevskyi. "First results of acoustic tags using for studies of migrations of siberian taimen Huho taimen (Salmonidae) in the Tugur River basin (northwestern Okhotsk Sea)." Izvestiya TINRO 200, no. 3 (October 3, 2020): 671–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2020-200-671-687.

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Method of acoustic tagging of large-sized fish in a medium river is successfully tested for the case of siberian taimen Hucho taimen in the Tugur River. Algorithm of fish anesthesia and acoustic tag input into its body cavity is developed. For successful tagging, total duration of the process, including anesthesia, should not exceed 5 minutes. The best results of tagging are obtained for fish with a body length of 110–130 cm, which tolerate anesthesia easily. In 2017–2019, 25 out of 29 tagged fish were registered by acoustic equipment that indicates high efficiency of the method (86.2 %). Distance from the release point to the point of tag registration varied from 0.2 to 39.8 km. Some fish crossed almost completely the buoy-controlled section of the river that indicates a rather high migration potential of siberian taimen. On the background of high individual diversity of migration activity, two principally different behavioral strategies are distinguished — «residents» staying in one place up to 2 months and «nomads» migrating to a distance up to 30 km per day. The radius of taimen migration increases usually in May and September and decreases in August. The seasonal increasing is associated with feeding migrations: taimen feed on downstream juveniles of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and prespawning minnows Rhynchocypris lagowskii in May and on chum adults migrating to spawning grounds in September. During twilight and at night, the migrations are usually more active, but they are less visible and shorter in the morning and afternoon. Correspondingly, the main feeding of taimen is assumed in the twilight and dark time, whereas a supporting feeding in the daytime.
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6

Kennedy, Benjamen M., William L. Gale, and Kenneth G. Ostrand. "Relationship between smolt gill Na+, K+ ATPase activity and migration timing to avian predation risk of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a large estuary." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 64, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 1506–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f07-117.

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We examined avian predation risk of juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) migrating through the Columbia River Estuary in relation to their osmoregulatory physiology, body length, rearing conditions (hatchery or wild), migration timing, and migration year. From 2003 to 2006, mean gill Na+, K+ ATPase activity of migrating wild steelhead was greater than hatchery steelhead. Hatchery steelhead were always longer than wild steelhead. Wild steelhead never had higher plasma [Na+] or osmolality levels than hatchery fish after seawater challenge trials conducted in 2004, 2005, and 2006. More passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags from hatchery fish (19%; 126 of 678 fish) were detected on East Sand Island among bird nesting colonies than PIT tags of wild fish (14%; 70 of 509 fish), presumably consumed by birds. As gill Na+, K+ ATPase activity and migration date within a year increased, the probability of an individual fish being eaten by an avian predator decreased. Length, rear type, and year were not related to predation risk. These results show that physiology and migration timing of juvenile steelhead play an important role in a migrant’s risk to avian predation within an estuary.
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7

Kotecha, Jay Kantilal. "Fish Bone Migrating into the Thyroid Gland." International Journal of Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 1 (2014): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10001-1179.

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ABSTRACT Many cases have been reported in the literature about foreign bodies lodged in the hypopharynx. A foreign body penetrating the esophagus and migrating into the soft tissue of neck is a rare phenomenon. We report a case of 35 years male who ingested a fish bone which then migrated into left lobe of thyroid and the role of imaging in its detection and management. How to cite this article Kotecha JK. Fish Bone migrating into the Thyroid Gland. Int J Head Neck Surg 2014;5(1):42-44.
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8

Manhard, Christopher V., John E. Joyce, and Anthony J. Gharrett. "Evolution of phenology in a salmonid population: a potential adaptive response to climate change." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 74, no. 10 (October 2017): 1519–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0028.

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Accumulating evidence has indicated that many fish populations are responding to climate change through shifts in migration time, but genetic data identifying the role of evolution in these shifts are rare. One of the first demonstrations of evolution of migration time was produced by monitoring allozyme alleles that were experimentally manipulated to genetically mark late-migrating pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha). Here, we extend that research by using observations of the marker alleles in fry to demonstrate that these changes in migration time were caused by directional selection against the late-migrating phenotype during the oceanic phase of the salmonid life cycle. The selective event, which appeared to be driven by early vernal warming of the nearshore marine environment and consequent decreased survival of late-migrating fry relative to early-migrating fry, decreased the late-migrating phenotype from more than 50% to approximately 10% of the total fry abundance in only one generation. These demographic changes have persisted over the subsequent 13 generations and suggest that a larger trend toward earlier migration time in this population may reflect adaptation to warming sea-surface temperatures.
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9

Twardek, W. M., A. Ekström, E. J. Eliason, R. J. Lennox, E. Tuononen, A. E. I. Abrams, A. L. Jeanson, and S. J. Cooke. "Field assessments of heart rate dynamics during spawning migration of wild and hatchery-reared Chinook salmon." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, no. 1830 (June 14, 2021): 20200214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0214.

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During spawning, adult Pacific salmonids ( Oncorhynchus spp . ) complete challenging upriver migrations during which energy and oxygen delivery must be partitioned into activities such as locomotion, maturation and spawning behaviours under the constraints of an individual's cardiac capacity. To advance our understanding of cardiac function in free-swimming fishes, we implanted migrating adult Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) collected near the mouth of the Sydenham River, Ontario, with heart rate ( f H ) biologgers that recorded f H every 3 min until these semelparous fish expired on spawning grounds several days later. Fundamental aspects of cardiac function were quantified, including resting, routine and maximum f H , as well as scope for f H (maximum−resting f H ). Predictors of f H were explored using generalized least-squares regression, including water temperature, discharge, fish size and fish origin (wild versus hatchery). Heart rate was positively correlated with water temperature, which aligned closely with daily and seasonal shifts. Wild fish had slower resting heart rates than hatchery fish, which led to significantly higher scope for f H . Our findings suggest that wild salmon may have better cardiac capacity during migration than hatchery fish, potentially promoting migration success in wild fish. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Measuring physiology in free-living animals (Part I)’.
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10

Jonsson, B., M. Jonsson, and N. Jonsson. "Influences of migration phenology on survival are size-dependent in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 95, no. 8 (August 2017): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2016-0136.

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Long-distance migratory species can reduce mortality risks by synchronizing the migration event and create confusion by swamping predators with high densities. To reduce confusion, predators are known to primarily select aberrant prey. We hypothesized that at the start of their sea sojourn, particularly small and large Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L., 1758) would spread the risk by also migrating at other times of the year. Based on data from the Norwegian river Imsa between 1976 and 2015, we found that juveniles, 14–19 cm in total length, started their sea sojourn during a short period between late April and early June. However, more than 20% of fish 13 cm or shorter migrated downstream between October and March, whereas 55% of fish 20 cm or longer migrated downstream between July and September. The regular-sized, spring-migrating juveniles had 2–3 times higher survival at sea than similar-sized conspecifics migrating to sea at other times of the year. The survival at sea for smaller juveniles was not improved by migration in spring relative to winter, and the survival of the largest juveniles was similar in spring and summer. Thus, the migration phenology appears adapted to survival in a high-risk environment by changing the timing according to their sizes.
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11

Margolis, L., T. E. McDonald, and D. J. Whitaker. "Assessment of the Impact of the Myxosporean Parasite Ceratomyxa shasta on Survival of Seaward Migrating Juvenile Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, from the Fraser River, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49, no. 9 (September 1, 1992): 1883–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-208.

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Approximately 3.3% of more than 3500 seaward migrating juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) collected from the lower reaches and off the mouth of the Fraser River, British Columbia, between March and August 1985–87 were infected with Ceratomyxa shasta (Protozoa: Myxosporea). The fish were held live for up to 151 d before examination to allow the infections to become patent. The first infected fish were detected in samples taken in late May to early June, approximately 4 wk after the river water temperature had reached 10 °C. By this time, 40–65% of the fish had been collected, indicating that the majority of the juvenile chinook salmon had left the Fraser River before the infective stage of the parasite was present. Significant differences in prevalence of C. shasta were associated with both the migration route chosen by the fish and their age. Fish that used the lower flow rate North Arm had a greater prevalence (6.8%) of infection than those that migrated down the Main Arm (2.1%). Age 0 fish had a significantly higher prevalence (5.2%) of C. shasta than the age 1 group (1.5%). It is concluded that C. shasta is not a major cause of mortality of downstream migrating juvenile Fraser River chinook salmon.
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12

Metcalfe, Neil B. "Competitive ability influences seaward migration age in Atlantic salmon." Canadian Journal of Zoology 69, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 815–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z91-121.

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Juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) reach a life-history decision in late summer as to whether they will migrate to sea the following spring or remain in fresh water for at least a further year. Here I show that the feeding efficiency of those fish that subsequently defer migration is significantly impaired by the presence of a size-matched competitor, whereas that of fish adopting the strategy of early migration is unaffected by a competitor's presence. This suggests that competitive ability influences the decision as to when to migrate, through its effect on food intake and growth rates, later migrating fish being the poorer competitors.
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13

Chen, Rong-Feng, and Chih-Hao Lu. "Ludwig's Angina Caused by a Migrating Fish Bone." Tzu Chi Medical Journal 22, no. 4 (December 2010): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1016-3190(10)60074-2.

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14

Katsurahara, Masaki, Yuhei Umeda, Noriyuki Horiki, and Yoshiyuki Takei. "A Fish Bone Migrating into the Peritoneal Cavity." Internal Medicine 59, no. 24 (December 15, 2020): 3243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.5602-20.

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15

Ringelberg, J., and E. Van Gool. "Migrating Daphnia have a memory for fish kairomones." Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 26, no. 2-4 (September 1995): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236249509378943.

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16

Stefansson*†, G., and A. A. Rosenberg. "Designing marine protected areas for migrating fish stocks." Journal of Fish Biology 69, sc (December 2006): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01276.x.

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17

Lehman, David A., Frank C. Astor, and Soham Roy. "Impacted Pharyngeal Fish Bone Migrating to the Retropharynx." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 84, no. 11 (November 2005): 692–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556130508401105.

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18

Custódio, Sara Fernandes, Pedro Branco, Pedro Machado Sousa, and Pedro Alberto Escada. "Migrating fish bone presenting as a neck fistula." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 7 (July 2021): e243622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-243622.

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The case report describes an extremely rare finding of fish bone migration from the aerodigestive tract causing a neck fistula 2 years after its ingestion. Detailed case study and surgical treatment is presented. This case highlights the need for further assessment in presence of a high clinical suspicion of foreign body ingestion with a normal physical examination of the upper aerodigestive tract, to avoid serious and potential life-threatening complications later on.
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19

Lusher, Amy L., Ciaran O'Donnell, Rick Officer, and Ian O'Connor. "Microplastic interactions with North Atlantic mesopelagic fish." ICES Journal of Marine Science 73, no. 4 (December 23, 2015): 1214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsv241.

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Abstract Microplastics in the marine environment are well documented, and interactions with marine biota have been described worldwide. However, interactions with vertically migrating fish are poorly understood. The diel vertical migration of mesopelagic fish represents one, if not the largest, vertical migration of biomass on the planet, and is thus an important link between the euphotic zone, transporting carbon and other nutrients to global deep sea communities. Knowledge of how mesopelagic fish interact and distribute plastic as a marine contaminant is required as these populations have been identified as a potential global industrial fishery for fishmeal production. Ingestion of microplastic by mesopelagic fish in the Northeast Atlantic was studied. Approximately 11% of the 761 fish examined had microplastics present in their digestive tracts. No clear difference in ingestion frequency was identified between species, location, migration behaviour, or time of capture. While ingesting microplastic may not negatively impact individual mesopelagic fish, the movement of mesopelagic fish from the euphotic zone to deeper waters could mediate transfer of microplastics to otherwise unexposed species and regions of the world's oceans.
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20

Moore, A., E. C. E. Potter, N. J. Milner, and S. Bamber. "The migratory behaviour of wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts in the estuary of the River Conwy, North Wales." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 9 (September 1, 1995): 1923–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-784.

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Thirty-two wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts, tagged with miniature acoustic transmitters, were tracked in the River Conwy, North Wales, to describe the freshwater and estuarine patterns of migration. Migration in fresh water was predominantly nocturnal, although there was a seasonal change in this pattern with later run fish moving during both the day and night. Smolts tagged earlier in the study spent significantly longer in the river (mean 456 ± 43 h) before migrating into coastal waters than fish tagged later in the study (mean 201 ± 30 h). The movement of smolts through the estuary was indicative of a nocturnal selective ebb tide transport pattern of migration. All of the smolts migrated seawards on an ebb tide close to the surface and within the fastest moving section of the water column. The nocturnal pattern of migration would appear to be the result of an endogenous rhythm of swimming activity that results in the smolts moving up into the water column after dusk and migrating seawards. Smolt migration in the lower portion of the estuary was indicative of active directed swimming and there was no apparent period of acclimation required when moving from fresh to salt water.
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21

Brodersen, Jakob, P. Anders Nilsson, Ben B. Chapman, Christian Skov, Lars-Anders Hansson, and Christer Brönmark. "Variable individual consistency in timing and destination of winter migrating fish." Biology Letters 8, no. 1 (August 3, 2011): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2011.0634.

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Migration is an important event in the life history of many animals, but there is considerable variation within populations in the timing and final destination. Such differential migration at the population level can be strongly determined by individuals showing different consistencies in migratory traits. By tagging individual cyprinid fish with uniquely coded electronic tags, and recording their winter migrations from lakes to streams for 6 consecutive years, we obtained highly detailed long-term information on the differential migration patterns of individuals. We found that individual migrants showed consistent site fidelities for over-wintering streams over multiple migratory seasons and that they were also consistent in their seasonal timing of migration. Our data also suggest that consistency itself can be considered as an individual trait, with migrants that exhibit consistent site fidelity also showing consistency in migratory timing. The finding of a mixture of both consistent and inconsistent individuals within a population furthers our understanding of intrapopulation variability in migration strategies, and we hypothesize that environmental variation can maintain such different strategies.
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22

Comeau, Luc A., Steven E. Campana, and Martin Castonguay. "Automated monitoring of a large-scale cod (Gadus morhua) migration in the open sea." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59, no. 12 (December 1, 2002): 1845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f02-152.

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The migration patterns of marine fishes are poorly known, in part owing to the technical limitations associated with tracking the movements of animals in deep water. Here we document a large-scale, directed, migration of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) off eastern Canada. Our approach was based on the acoustic tagging of 126 fish and the deployment of 69 subsurface receivers, stretching over a 160-km distance along the edge of the Laurentian Channel. After 1 year of automated recording, we found that 65% of the fish migrated out of coastal waters in two distinct runs during the summer–autumn period. The offshore-migrating fish overwintered in deep Laurentian Channel waters, returning inshore in April. Individual migration routes and migration timing were variable, indicating that the cod did not aggregate in large schools during the seasonal migration events.
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23

Wissmar, Robert C., and Charles A. Simenstad. "Energetic Constraints of Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) Migrating in Estuaries." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45, no. 9 (September 1, 1988): 1555–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f88-184.

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Experiments on fish feeding behavior, field measures of fish sizes, migration rate, and prey resources, and an energetic growth model are used to evaluate the growth of juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) during outmigration in an estuary. Fish growth is defined as the difference between energy intake and metabolic costs. Energy intake is estimated from prey densities and foraging parameters, namely pursuit swimming speeds and energetic expenditures, and prey handling and encounter rates. Relationships for foraging parameters as functions of fish sizes and field prey abundance are used to evaluate energy intake by fish in the estuary. This information and calculations of metabolic costs allow predictions of fish growth during the migration. Results show that metabolic costs of maintenance and migration lie in a delicate balance with food intake and growth. Growth efficiencies exceeding 20% occur when metabolic expenditures decline and energy intake rates permit growth without depletion of the food supply. Defining such energetic balances facilitates characterization of carrying capacities of coastal ecosystems and has implications for enhancement of juvenile fish growth and, in turn, fish survival and production at sea.
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Shaikh, Mohsin Ahmed Abdul Nabi, Ankit Dilip Mahuvakar, Atish Balajirao Gujrathi, and Vijayalaxmi Kishanrao Ambulgekar. "An Ingested Foreign Body Presenting in Subcutaneous Plane on the Chest: A Rare Case." An International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Clinics 5, no. 2 (2013): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/aijoc-5-2-17.

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ABSTRACT Migration of an ingested foreign body into subcutaneous plane is a very rare event. Most common migrating foreign bodies reported in literature are fish bones. We present a rare case of ingested foreign body, a ball point refill, which migrated and presented in the subcutaneous plane on the chest.
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25

Leonard, Jill BK, and Stephen D. McCormick. "Effects of migration distance on whole-body and tissue-specific energy use in American shad (Alosa sapidissima)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 7 (July 1, 1999): 1159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-041.

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We examined total and tissue-specific energy content of upstream-migrating American shad (Alosa sapidissima) in the Connecticut River. Total energy depletion over the course of the 228-km migration ranged from 35 to 60%. The approximate contributions of different tissues to energy use during migration were white muscle 57%, subdermal fat 27%, red muscle 8%, viscera 6%, and liver 2%. American shad preferentially use energy stores in the skin and its subdermal fat layer (depleted by 63%) while sparing red muscle protein. Both lipid and protein were used as energy sources throughout migration, although lipids were depleted to a greater extent (e.g., white muscle lipid decreased 48% and protein 30%). Large fish expended 2-21% more energy during migration than small fish. Migrating to upriver sites (198-228 km) is 50-100% more energetically expensive than to lower river sections for females. This suggests that upriver range expansion may be limited by females in that they may have reached a threshold level of energy expenditure in this upriver area. American shad may possess physiological mechanisms for tissue-specific energy use allowing maintenance of critical tissues necessary for postspawning survival.
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Hanson, Kyle C., William L. Gale, William G. Simpson, Benjamen M. Kennedy, and Kenneth G. Ostrand. "Physiological Characterization of Hatchery-Origin Juvenile Steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss Adopting Divergent Life-History Strategies." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/092010-jfwm-032.

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Abstract Smoltification by juvenile Pacific salmonids has been described as a developmental conflict whereby individuals face several life-history decisions. Smoltification occurs as a result of interactions between organismal condition and environmental cues, although some fish may forgo ocean migration and remain in freshwater streams for some time (residualize). We compared the physiological profiles of steelhead that were actively migrating to the ocean (migratory fish) and those that remained in fresh water (residuals) for at least a period of between 2 wk and 3 mo after release from a hatchery facility. In addition, we investigated the physiological characterization of residuals that further differentiated into precocial freshwater residents or parr that will either precocially mature in fresh water or migrate to the ocean in the future. Residuals had higher condition factors and gonadosomatic index than migratory fish and were characterized as less prepared for saltwater due to low levels of gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity and Na+,K+-ATPase α1b-subunit expression. Residuals tended to be males with the highest condition factors. Sex-specific differences are probably reflective of male fish adopting an alternative life-history strategy foregoing outmigration as a result of condition at the time of release. Collection of residuals throughout the fall suggested that residual hatchery fish further diversify into precocially mature fish that will presumably attempt to spawn without ever migrating to the ocean or into parr that will precocially mature or migrate in a future year.
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27

Schmidt-Posthaus, Heike, Ernst Schneider, Nils Schölzel, Regula Hirschi, Moritz Stelzer, and Armin Peter. "The role of migration barriers for dispersion of Proliferative Kidney Disease—Balance between disease emergence and habitat connectivity." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 17, 2021): e0247482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247482.

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Natural and uninterrupted water courses are important for biodiversity and fish population stability. Nowadays, many streams and rivers are obstructed by artificial migration barriers, often preventing the migration of fish. On the other hand, distribution of pathogens by migrating fishes is still a point of concern. Pathogen transport and transmission is a driving force in the dynamics of many infectious diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible consequences of the removal of an artificial migration barrier for the upstream transport of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD) in brown trout, by migrating fish. To test this question, a river system was selected with a migration barrier separating a PKD positive river from a PKD negative tributary. After removal of the barrier, PKD prevalence and pathology was examined during five years after elimination of the barrier. In the tributary, no PKD was recorded at any time of the survey. By means of unidirectional PIT (passive integrated transponder)-tagging, we confirmed upstream migration of adult brown trout into the tributary during the cold season, presumably for spawning. By eDNA, we confirmed presence of T. bryoalmonae and Fredericella sp., the definitive host, DNA in water from the PKD positive river stretch, but not in the PKD negative tributary. Our study illustrates the importance of the connectivity of streams for habitat maintenance. Although migration of brown trout from a PKD-positive river into a PKD-negative tributary, mainly for spawning, was confirmed, upstream spreading of PKD was not observed.
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28

Whelan, W. G., M. F. O'Connell, and R. N. Hefford. "Improved Trap Design for Counting Migrating Fish in Rivers." North American Journal of Fisheries Management 9, no. 2 (May 1989): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1989)009<0245:itdfcm>2.3.co;2.

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29

Young, Jeffery L., Scott G. Hinch, Steven J. Cooke, Glenn T. Crossin, David A. Patterson, Anthony P. Farrell, Glen Van Der Kraak, et al. "Physiological and energetic correlates of en route mortality for abnormally early migrating adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in the Thompson River, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 63, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 1067–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f06-014.

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Since 1995, large segments of the late-run sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) stock complex from the Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada, have been initiating spawning migrations several weeks earlier than normal. Most aberrant migrants die before spawning. To evaluate the mechanisms underlying the mortality, we intercepted late-run sockeye salmon of the Adams–Shuswap stock complex halfway along their freshwater migration (i.e., in the Thompson River Canyon situated 270 km from the Fraser estuary), nonlethally assessed physiological and energetic status, and tracked individuals using gastrically inserted radio transmitters. Aberrant migrants that resumed their migration but failed to reach the spawning grounds had lower gross somatic energy, higher average migration ground speeds, higher plasma osmolality, and higher levels of plasma reproductive hormones than those that reached the spawning grounds. Fish surgically fitted with electromyogram radio transmitters did not continue their migration and fell downstream. These fish displayed excessive bleeding during transmitter implantation, an unusual phenomenon that likely contributed to the fish's inability to resume migration. Blood clotting time decreased steadily throughout the migration period. Collectively, these data implicate a combination of energy depletion, premature reproductive development, and blood loss from wounds as potential contributors to mortality in early migrating late-run sockeye.
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30

Hedger, Richard D., Ingebrigt Uglem, Eva B. Thorstad, Bengt Finstad, Cedar M. Chittenden, Pablo Arechavala-Lopez, Arne J. Jensen, Rune Nilsen, and Finn Økland. "Behaviour of Atlantic cod, a marine fish predator, during Atlantic salmon post-smolt migration." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 10 (September 13, 2011): 2152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr143.

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Abstract Hedger, R. D., Uglem, I., Thorstad, E. B., Finstad, B., Chittenden, C. M., Arechavala-Lopez, P., Jensen, A. J., Nilsen, R., and Økland, F. 2011. Behaviour of Atlantic cod, a marine fish predator, during Atlantic salmon post-smolt migration. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2152–2162. Acoustic telemetry was used to determine the behavioural strategies of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) during Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) post-smolt migration within a Norwegian fjord (Eresfjord). In all, 38 adult cod captured in the inner fjord were tagged with acoustic transmitters in 2008 and 2009, and their behaviour was determined using a fixed hydrophone array. Cod tended to aggregate in the innermost part of the fjord, occupying distinct demersal home territories, showing horizontal movements consistent with foraging. Tidal influences were not observed; cod spent more time near the surface at night. Cod behaviour during peak post-smolt migration differed from that before and after migration. First, cod tended to have more-focused spatial distributions during peak post-smolt migration, consistent with them not having to forage so far when prey were available in abundance. Second, some half the cod were detected nocturnally (but rarely during daylight) near the river mouth during peak post-smolt migration, consistent with them feeding on nocturnally migrating post-smolts. Third, cod were more common near the surface, consistent with them feeding on post-smolts migrating through near-surface waters. These patterns, however, were not shown by all the cod, suggesting that this opportunistic feeder was also preying on other species.
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Xie, Yunbo, Catherine G. J. Michielsens, Andrew P. Gray, Fiona J. Martens, and Jacqueline L. Boffey. "Observations of avoidance reactions of migrating salmon to a mobile survey vessel in a riverine environment." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65, no. 10 (October 2008): 2178–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f08-128.

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Detailed avoidance reactions of adult migrating salmon to a mobile survey vessel were successfully observed with side-looking dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) in the lower Fraser River (British Columbia, Canada). Both adult sockeye ( Oncorhynchus nerka ) and pink salmon ( Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ) returning to the river were found to avoid the approaching vessel by initiating lateral movements away from the vessel, making the fish unlikely to be insonified by the downward-looking transducers towed by the vessel. The vessel was found to have an estimated mean interference range of 4 m from its propeller. Analyses of the data concluded that once the vessel and fish were separated by more than 7 m, the vessel no longer affected the normal migration behaviour of the fish.
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32

Bass, Arthur L., Scott G. Hinch, David A. Patterson, Steven J. Cooke, and Anthony P. Farrell. "Location-specific consequences of beach seine and gillnet capture on upriver-migrating sockeye salmon migration behavior and fate." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 75, no. 11 (November 2018): 2011–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0474.

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Fish released after capture, or fish interacting with gear but escaping, sometimes experience fishing-related incidental mortality (FRIM). For adult Pacific salmon migrations, knowing the magnitude of FRIM is important to estimate escapement accurately and to understand the total impact of a specific fishery. To determine how multiple gear types are associated with FRIM at different levels of maturity, we captured sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) by both gill net and beach seine at three locations along their migration route (10%, 26%, and 72% of a 500 km freshwater migration) and determined their migratory success using biotelemetry. FRIM was higher for fish captured by gill net except at the location closest to spawning grounds. In addition, salmon captured by gill net at the lower river locations temporarily delayed migration, potentially indicating a requirement for lengthier recovery time compared with beach-seined fish. These results provide the first empirical and parallel comparison of these two common in-river fishing methods for salmon, revealing clear differences in FRIM between the two fishing methods in lower river fisheries and the importance of maturity.
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33

Podgorniak, T., S. Blanchet, E. De Oliveira, F. Daverat, and F. Pierron. "To boldly climb: behavioural and cognitive differences in migrating European glass eels." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 1 (January 2016): 150665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150665.

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European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) is a catadromous fish species that received substantial attention as its population has markedly declined in the last three decades. The possible causes of this decline include habitat fragmentation factors such as dams and weirs. In some cases, these obstacles are equipped with fish friendly passage devices that may select young eels according to their climbing behaviour. We tested how individual climbing tendency was related to the event of fishway passage experienced in the field and classified fish climbing profiles as climbing ‘leaders’, ‘followers’, ‘finishers’ and ‘no climbers’. Moreover, we analysed the brain transcription level of genes related to neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity and compared it to climbing profiles. We found that fish from the upstream segments of an impounded river had a higher climbing propensity. Their behaviour was also more repeatable throughout the whole test than the obstacle-naive fish from the downstream segment. Moreover, we found that boldly climbing ‘leaders’ had lower levels of transcription of synapse-related genes than the climbing ‘followers’. These differences could be related to coping styles of fish, where proactive ‘leaders’ express a routine and risky behaviour, whereas reactive fish need an environmental assessment before exploratory behaviour. Our study showed that differences in climbing propensity exist in glass eels separated by water obstacles. Moreover, eels could adopt climbing different strategies according to the way they deal with environmental stress and to the cognitive abilities they possess.
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34

Kucukali, Serhat, Bülent Verep, Ahmet Alp, Davut Turan, Tanju Mutlu, Cüneyt Kaya, Yasin Yıldırım, Behçet Uğur Töreyin, and Dursun Özelçi. "Flow structure and fish passage performance of a brush-type fish way: a field study in the İyidere River, Turkey." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 11 (2019): 1619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18242.

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The fish passage performance and flow structure of a brush fish pass were investigated at the İncirli Small Hydropower Plant on the İyidere River, located in the East Black Sea region of Turkey. The spatial distributions of velocity vectors, power velocity, Froude number and turbulent kinetic energy are presented. The flow is quasi-uniform and subcritical, which provides different migration corridors with favourable hydraulic conditions; importantly for the fish, these corridors continue through the complete fish pass. The flow–bristle interaction creates a reduced velocity and low-turbulence resting zones. In addition, the passage efficiency of the brush fish pass was assessed using passive integrated transponder telemetry. The results clearly showed that upstream passage efficiency differs between fish species: Salmo coruhensis performed better than Alburnoides fasciatus on the same fish passage. The passage efficiency for the target fish species S. coruhensis was calculated to be 82.4%. The data revealed that the brush fish passage provides passage for small-bodied fish (total body length &lt;15cm) in a high-gradient channel with a slope of 10%. The monitoring data revealed that bristles as flexible hydraulic elements are beneficial for migrating fish.
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35

Hinch, Scott G., and Peter S. Rand. "Swim speeds and energy use of upriver-migrating sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): role of local environment and fish characteristics." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 1821–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-067.

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We used electromyogram (EMG) radiotelemetry to assess swimming activity (e.g., swim speeds), behaviour, and migration speeds (e.g., ground speeds) of individual adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) migrating through several reaches of the Fraser and Nechako rivers in British Columbia. Using a laboratory swim flume and volitionally swimming adult fish carrying EMG transmitters, we developed relationships between EMG pulse intervals and swim speeds. A bioenergetics model was used to estimate reach-specific energy use per metre for each individual based on the average swim speed, migration time, body size, and river temperature. Migration was most energetically efficient (i.e., migration costs per unit distance traveled were relatively low) for females compared with males, large males compared with small males, and 1995 males compared with 1993 males. In all three cases, differences in swim speed patterns were primarily responsible for differences in energy use. For both sexes and in both years, migrations through reaches that contained a constriction (caused by an island, gravel bar, or large rock outcropping) were energetically inefficient compared with that through reaches with no constrictions. The high energetic costs at constrictions seem to result from long travel times probably caused by turbulent flow patterns that may generate confusing migrational cues.
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36

Mensinger, Matthew A., Erik J. Blomberg, and Joseph D. Zydlewski. "The consequences of dam passage for downstream-migrating American eel in the Penobscot River, Maine." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 78, no. 8 (August 2021): 1181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0402.

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American eel (Anguilla rostrata) often pass hydropower dams during adult spawning migrations. We conducted a 4-year acoustic telemetry study that characterized passage risks through two dams (West Enfield and Milford) in the Penobscot River, Maine, USA. We released tagged fish (n = 355) at two sites, estimated survival and delay under variable river conditions, and compared performance among dammed and free-flowing river sections. Survival rates (standardized per river kilometre, rkm) were lower at West Enfield (Φrkm = 0.984 ± 0.006 SE) and Milford (Φrkm = 0.966 ± 0.007 SE) compared with undammed River sections (Φrkm = 0.998 ± 0.0003 SE). Cumulative mortality was 8.7% (4.4 km) and 14.2% (5.5 km) through dammed sections and 8.7% throughout the rest of the river (58.1 km). Fish that already passed an upstream dam incurred higher downstream mortality compared with individuals without passage experience. Additionally, fish endured long delays at dams, and >10% of fish were delayed >24 h. Low flows exacerbated the risk of mortality and delay. These results offer evidence for direct, latent, and sublethal consequences of dam passage for migrating eels.
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37

Wagner, G. N., S. G. Hinch, L. J. Kuchel, A. Lotto, S. RM Jones, D. A. Patterson, J. S. Macdonald, et al. "Metabolic rates and swimming performance of adult Fraser River sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) after a controlled infection with Parvicapsula minibicornis." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 2124–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-126.

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Adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) acquire infections with the myxosporean kidney parasite Parvicapsula minibicornis during their spawning migration in the Fraser River, British Columbia. Controlled infections with this parasite in wild sockeye salmon had no significant impact on plasma ionic status, metabolic rates, and initial maximum prolonged swimming performance (Ucrit) for fish ranked as either strongly, weakly, or noninfected by polymerase chain reaction analysis of kidney tissue. However, strongly infected fish had significantly lower second Ucrit and recovery ratio (8%) values, indicating decreased ability to recover from exercise. As the present study shows that the severity of infection is affected by time and temperature, the accumulated thermal units (ATU) of exposure in this study were compared with those experienced by naturally migrating sockeye salmon. A parallel telemetry study revealed that early-timed sockeye experienced significantly more ATU (741.4 ± 29.4 °C) than normally migrating salmon (436.0 ± 20.0 °C) prior to spawning because of a significantly longer holding period in the lake system. The present data are discussed in the context of a threshold of >450 °C ATU for severe infection that would first manifest in early-timed fish in the upper reaches of the Fraser River and certainly on the spawning grounds.
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38

Källo, Kristi, Henrik Baktoft, Niels Jepsen, and Kim Aarestrup. "Great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) predation on juvenile down-migrating trout (Salmo trutta) in a lowland stream." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 2 (December 4, 2019): 721–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz227.

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Abstract Since in 1980s, the number of great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) has increased all over its European distribution area. This has led to conflicts between bird conservation and fisheries. Mariager fjord in Denmark is an important feeding and transition area for a large population of migrating seatrout (Salmo trutta), but it also provides resting and breeding places for cormorants. Thus, juvenile anadromous salmonids migrating from the river to the sea may be exposed to high predation risk during a critical and vulnerable time in their development. A total of 31 123 down-migrating wild seatrout were tagged with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags in 2008, 2009, 2015, and 2016 in river Villestrup, the main tributary flowing into Mariager fjord. Tagged fish were measured and grouped by their developmental stage as parr, pre-smolt, or smolt. To quantify cormorant predation, nearby cormorant colonies and roosting sites were repeatedly scanned for PIT tags with a manual antenna to record tags from predated fish. Minimum predation rate was 27% but varied among years. Body length of the fish and predation risk were negatively correlated and the latter was dependent on the group of the fish. This study demonstrates a potential negative effect of predation by great cormorants on an important population of wild trout.
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39

Melnychuk, Michael C., and Carl J. Walters. "Estimating detection probabilities of tagged fish migrating past fixed receiver stations using only local information." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, no. 4 (April 2010): 641–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-199.

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We developed a method to predict the probability of detecting acoustic tags crossing a receiver station using only detection information at that station. This method is suitable for acoustic or radio telemetry studies in which individually tagged animals migrate past fixed stations (where a station may consist of one or more receivers). It is based on fitting attenuation models to sequences of detections and missed transmissions of individually coded tags in fish migrating past stations of the Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking Project (POST). We used estimated attenuation model parameters from detected fish at each station to predict the number of fish that crossed the station undetected, which in turn was used to calculate the local detection probability. This estimator was correlated (r = 0.54–0.81 in river and coastal habitats) with mark–recapture estimates of detection probability (pmr) that use nonlocal detection information at stations further along migration routes. This local detection probability estimate can be used as a covariate of pmr in mark–recapture models and can predict approximate values of pmr at final detection stations where pmr is not estimable because of the lack of recaptures further along migration routes.
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40

McClatchie, S., and A. Dunford. "Estimated biomass of vertically migrating mesopelagic fish off New Zealand." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 50, no. 10-11 (October 2003): 1263–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0637(03)00128-6.

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41

Kim, Mun-Kwan, Takafumi Arimoto, Yoshiki Matsushita, and Yoshihiro Inoue. "Migrating Behaviour of Fish Schools in Set-net Fishing Grounds." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 59, no. 3 (1993): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.59.473.

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42

Wang, Ching-Ping, and San-Ling Jiang. "Migrating Fish Bone Presenting as Acute Onset of Neck Lump." Journal of the Formosan Medical Association 108, no. 2 (February 2009): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-6646(09)60048-6.

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43

Il’ichev, V. G. "Competition and adaptation in a community of migrating fish populations." Biophysics 57, no. 2 (March 2012): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006350912020108.

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44

Abdulber Fakoury, Mouhannad, Hasan Said Abdulbaki, Eyad Darraj, and Fateh Almohammad Alsalem. "A Case Report of Migrating Fish Bone to the Thyroid Gland." Dubai Medical Journal 3, no. 4 (September 3, 2020): 143–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000508534.

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Fish bone as a foreign body in the throat is common and frequently seen in emergency departments. In most cases, the bone is stuck in the tonsils or oropharynx, some go further to the laryngopharynx, and in rare cases they may go furthest. The authors report a rare case of a fish bone that migrated to the thyroid gland.
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45

Crisafulli, B. M., D. V. Fairclough, I. S. Keay, P. Lewis, J. R. How, K. L. Ryan, S. M. Taylor, and C. B. Wakefield. "Does a spatiotemporal closure to fishing Chrysophrys auratus (Sparidae) spawning aggregations also protect individuals during migration?" Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 7 (July 2019): 1171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0449.

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Understanding migration dynamics of fishes that aggregate-spawn is critical if spatiotemporal closures to fishing are expected to protect them. Concern over fishing of Chrysophrys auratus spawning aggregations in embayments near a west Australian city led to an annual 4-month spatial fishing closure. However, the extent to which it protects fish migrating to and from aggregations is unclear. Acoustic telemetry demonstrated a bimodal pattern of entry to and departure from the main embayment via only one of several pathways. Among years, 33%–56% of fish occurred in the pathway prior to the closure, but most left before it ceased. Fish were detected within the closure in multiple but not always consecutive years. Variation in migration timing and aggregation philopatry may alter capture risk, but pre- and postspawning migratory fish are fished in the main pathway and adjacent reefs, which would presumably impact spawning aggregation biomass. Assessment of this would assist in understanding whether expansion of the closure’s spatial and temporal limits is necessary to ensure spawning biomass or whether current management is sufficient.
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46

Buchanan, Rebecca A., John R. Skalski, and Geoffrey A. McMichael. "Differentiating mortality from delayed migration in subyearling fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66, no. 12 (December 2009): 2243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-154.

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A total of 1154 acoustic-tagged subyearling fall Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) were monitored during their movement through Lower Monumental Reservoir, Snake River, Washington, USA. A release–recapture design was developed to partition their fates into migration, delayed migration (i.e., holdover or temporary residualization), and mortality using a series of standard detection arrays augmented with individual intrareach autonomous receivers. The standard detection arrays were used in conjunction with traditional release–recapture models to estimate the joint probabilities of migrating and surviving through the reservoir. Closed population estimators were used to estimate the abundance of tagged fish still alive in the river reaches and to differentiate mortality from delayed migration. Over the course of the study from 15 August to 14 November 2007, delayed migration rates increased and mortality rates generally declined. A minimum of 10.6% of the fish were estimated to have delayed migration in the reservoir during the study period.
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47

Skov, Christian, Ben B. Chapman, Henrik Baktoft, Jakob Brodersen, Christer Brönmark, Lars-Anders Hansson, Kaj Hulthén, and P. Anders Nilsson. "Migration confers survival benefits against avian predators for partially migratory freshwater fish." Biology Letters 9, no. 2 (April 23, 2013): 20121178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.1178.

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The importance of predation risk in shaping patterns of animal migration is not well studied, mostly owing to difficulties in accurately quantifying predation risk for migratory versus resident individuals. Here, we present data from an extensive field study, which shows that migration in a freshwater fish (roach, Rutilus rutilus ) that commonly migrates from lakes to streams during winter confers a significant survival benefit with respect to bird (cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo spp.) predation. We tagged over 2000 individual fish in two Scandinavian lakes over 4 years and monitored migratory behaviour using passive telemetry. Next, we calculated the predation vulnerability of fish with differing migration strategies, by recovering data from passive integrated transponder tags of fish eaten by cormorants at communal roosts close to the lakes. We show that fish can reduce their predation risk from cormorants by migrating into streams, and that probability of being preyed upon by cormorants is positively related to the time individuals spend in the lake during winter. Our data add to the growing body of evidence that highlights the importance of predation for migratory dynamics, and, to our knowledge, is one of the first studies to directly quantify a predator avoidance benefit to migrants in the field.
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48

Hahn, Meike Anika, and Eric Von Elert. "The impact of diel vertical migration on fatty acid patterns and allocation in Daphnia magna." PeerJ 8 (April 17, 2020): e8809. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8809.

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In freshwater zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) is a widespread predator-avoidance behavior that is induced by kairomones released from fish. Thereby zooplankton reduces predation by fish by staying in deep and dark colder strata during daytime and migrating into warmer layers during night, and thus experiences diel alterations in temperature. Constantly lower temperatures have been shown to increase the relative abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in Daphnia sp. Furthermore, a low dietary supply of the ω3-PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has been shown to limit the induction of DVM in Daphnia magna and the performance of D. magna under fluctuating temperatures, as experienced during DVM. In nature DVM of D. magna in response to fish is accompanied by the presence of fish-borne kairomone and diel fluctuations of depth dependent-parameters like temperature, food, and oxygen supply. Here we investigated the effect of factors, which are differing between Daphnia that perform DVM and those which do not. We selected to examine the effect of changing temperature and light conditions and of the presence/absence of fish kairomones on D. magna. For this purpose, we conducted a full factorial experimental design in which we grew D. magna under constantly warm temperatures in a diel light-dark regime or under alternating temperatures in darkness crossed with the presence or absence of fish kairomones. We analyzed the fatty acid composition of mature animals and of their offspring in each treatment. Simulation of the light and temperature regime of migrating animals in presence of the fish kairomone resulted in an increased relative allocation of the ω3-PUFA EPA, from adult animals to their offspring, manifesting as decreased EPA concentrations in mothers and increased EPA concentrations in their offspring in response to simulated DVM (mothers). Additionally, EPA concentrations in the offspring were affected by the interaction of simulated DVM and the fish cue. The presence of the fish kairomone alone increased the EPA concentration in the offspring, that was not experiencing simulated DVM. These findings lead to the conclusion that the temperature and light regime associated with DVM alone, as well as in combination with the DVM-inducing fish kairomones, alter the allocation of fatty acids to the offspring in a manner, which is beneficial for the offspring under the decreased average temperatures, which migrating animals are exposed to. A low dietary supply of ω3-PUFAs may constrain D. magna’s amplitude of DVM, but our results suggest that the next generation of animals may be capable of regaining the full DVM amplitude due to the effect of the fish kairomone and the experienced temperature fluctuations (and darkness) on tissue fatty acid composition. These findings suggest that fatty acid limitation in DVM performing Daphnia may be more severe for the maternal than for the offspring generation.
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Chiluveru, Prawahar, Ajay Kumar, and Jyothi Chavadaki. "Migratory fish bone complicating as neck abscess." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 4, no. 2 (February 23, 2018): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20180732.

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<p class="abstract">Accidental ingestion of fish bone is usually uncomfortable, some cases it may be dangerous to a patient, a challenging diagnosis. A retained fish bone may have potentially disastrous complications which may affect the morbidity or mortality. Fish bone may even penetrate extra-luminally and reside in the soft tissue of the neck. Computed tomography (CT) of the neck is of great assistance in diagnosing a migrating fish bone. Surgical exploration is mandatory.</p>
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50

Pierce, Andrew L., Joseph W. Blodgett, Timothy D. Cavileer, Lea R. Medeiros, Josh Boyce, Lucius K. Caldwell, William J. Bosch, et al. "Reproductive development in captive reconditioned female steelhead kelts: evidence for consecutive and skip spawning life histories." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 74, no. 7 (July 2017): 1049–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0065.

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Reconditioning of post-spawned anadromous rainbow trout (steelhead kelts, Oncorhynchus mykiss) is being implemented as a recovery tool on the Yakima River in the mid-Columbia River Basin. We assessed reproductive development in female Yakima River kelts by measuring plasma estradiol-17β (E2) and vitellogenin (VG) levels during reconditioning in 2009–2011. Plasma E2 and VG levels showed that fish separated into rematuring (consecutive spawning) and nonrematuring (presumed skip spawning) cohorts by October. Rematuration rates varied from 25% to 65%. Rematuring fish were consistently detected migrating toward spawning areas after release, whereas nonrematuring fish were occasionally detected on spawning migrations the following year. Rematuring fish grew more rapidly than nonrematuring fish over the reconditioning period and had higher muscle lipid levels and condition factor in October. Plasma E2 was elevated in rematuring fish by June–July, whereas plasma VG was elevated by June–August, suggesting that maturation decisions occur early in reconditioning. Rematuring and nonrematuring females could be separated by plasma E2 and VG levels by August–September, enabling separate management of consecutive and presumed skip spawners.
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