Journal articles on the topic 'Migrant'
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1
Sambou, Césarine. "« Tu es devenu toubab »." Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, no. 34 (September 29, 2020): 77–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.034.04.
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La migration et le retour temporaire dans la société de départ sont des moments importants, tant pour le migrant que pour sa famille restée au pays. Les proches non migrants attendent beaucoup du migrant qui revient en termes de solidarité et de redistribution des richesses accumulées en Europe. À partir d’une enquête qualitative multisituée à Bordeaux auprès de migrants originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne et de leurs familles au Sénégal et au Burkina Faso, cette étude présente les enjeux du retour temporaire au prisme des attentes de la famille non migrante. Les résultats montrent comment les migrants originaires d’Afrique subsaharienne, qui rencontrent des difficultés à répondre aux attentes de la famille non migrante, sont étiquetés de « toubab », et les effets de cet étiquetage sur le plan social, familial et identitaire.
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Sirait, Yohanes Hermanto, and Dian Narwastuty. "Dari Pelaku ke Korban Penyelundupan Pekerja Migran Sukarela: Pilihan Hukum Internasional atau Hukun Indonesia." Legitimasi: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum 11, no. 1 (August 16, 2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/legitimasi.v11i1.13722.
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Abstract: Migrant smuggling and human trafficking are two actions that are often equated. Though both are distinct in terms of profit and purpose. Migrant smuggling can occur because of consensus between migrants and smugglers. In contrast to the perpetrators, international law encourages the non-criminalization policy to migrant. However, the practice of countries including Indonesia still provides chance for criminalization of migrants. This study aims to examine the impact of migrants volunteering to be smuggled in as victims. Furthermore, the potential for migrants to be punished for violating the rules for entering without a permit into a country is also studied. This research was conducted doctrinally using primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results showed that the volunteering of migrants to be smuggled should not their status to become perpetrators in perspective of international law. It means that migrants should be punished for being smuggled. However, national laws, including those regulated in Indonesia, still allow migrants to be punished for violating the rules regarding entry permits such as the use of fake documents. This shows the lack of consistency in national laws to adopt non-criminalization policies towards migrants.Abstrak: Penyelundupan migran dan perdagangan orang adalah dua tindakan yang kerap dipersamakan. Padahal keduanya berbeda dari sisi keuntungan dan tujuan. Penyelundupan migran dapat terjadi karena adanya konsensus antara migran dengan pelaku penyelundupan. Berbeda dengan pelaku, hukum internasional mendorong kebijakan non-kriminalisasi terhadap migran. Namun sayangnya, praktik negara termasuk Indonesia masih memberikan ruang untuk kriminalisasi terhadap migran. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dampak kesukarelaan migran untuk diselundupkan sebagai korban. Lebih lanjut, dikaji juga potensi migran dipidana karena melanggar aturan masuk tanpa izin ke suatu negara. Penilitian ini dilakukan secara doktrinal menggunakan bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kesukarelaan migran untuk diselundupkan tidak membuat status dan kedudukannya berubah menjadi pelaku. Konsekuensinya, migran tetap tidak boleh dipidana dengan alasan apapun. Namun hukum nasional termasuk yang diatur di Indonesia masih memungkinkan migran dipidana karena melanggar aturan terkait izin masuk seperti penggunaan dokumen palsu. Hal ini menunjukan kurang konsistennya hukum nasional mengadopsi kebijakan non-kriminalisasi terhadap migran.
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Sricharoen, Thitiwan. "Migration and Remittances: Evidence from Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao Migrant Workers." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(29).
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The purpose of research deals with leading questions regarding migration, concentrating on migration remittances, and management relating to remittance. The survey was conducted in 2018. Five hundred and eleven migrant workers from these source countries-Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao, were interviewed. This research applies probit regression analysis. The results show that repeated migrants who are not first-time migrant, are a highly specific group with 54.74%. First-time migrants are most likely to send remittances home while working in Thailand, accounting for 2,826 Baht per month. However, this number decrease with the second-time migrants send remittances about 2,331 Baht per month. Saving behavior is similar between first-time migrants and second-time migrants, who save a portion of their earnings. However, this number increases to 50% in the cases of third and subsequent migrants. The estimation of sending remittances of all migrant's nationalities. The variables that have the influence on remittances in the positive direction are these variables: being Cambodia migrants, burden of family, social assistance, being Myanmar migrant and household size, respectively. On the other hand, the variables that effect on remittances in the opposite direction are attain below primary school, education (in year), real estate owned, and number of migrating household members in Thailand, respectively. The results show that those who finished below primary school are more likely to send remittances, compared with those who finished above primary school. Main policy recommendations are: bank should decrease money transferring cost; employers should pay salary through banking accounts; migrants should remit money through formal channels. Keywords: Migration, Remittance, International Migration, Myanmar Migrant, Cambodian Migrant, Lao Migrant.
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Hamdi, Saipul, Syarifuddin, Oryza Pneumatica Indrasari, and Ega Erlina. "Strategi Pemerintah Membantu Pekerja Migran Dalam Mengatasi Dampak Covid-19 Di Suralaga, Lombok Timur." Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan 17, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47441/jkp.v17i2.289.
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The economic viability of migrant families who depend on remittances is currently very fragile due to the Covid-19 pandemic, mainly migrants who provide for their families. When migrant workers have a lot of dependents, it makes the household's financial status worse and makes this predicament worse. The management of remittances on productive matters is also subpar in the families of Indonesian migrant workers. This article examines the socioeconomic circumstances of migrant workers to learn how Indonesian migrant workers overcame the financial crisis brought on by the Covid-19 outbreak. This article also intends to look into local government initiatives to support employees in resolving these socioeconomic repercussions and the socioeconomic impacts on migrant workers. The study was carried out over six months (January–June 2022) utilizing qualitative research approaches, including interviews, focus groups, FGDs, and data collection documentation in the field. In this study, 30 informants—15 men and 15 women—made up the sample. According to the research findings, migrant workers have techniques for surviving during a pandemic, such as leveraging the agriculture and livestock sectors. Additionally, the local administration gives migrant workers special consideration by providing direct financial help, cash social assistance, and MSME training.
Akibat pandemi Covid-19, kondisi keberlangsungan ekonomi keluarga migran yang bergantung pada pengiriman remitansi saat ini sangat rentan, khususnya migran yang memenuhi kebutuhan keluarganya. Kondisi ini diperparah ketika pekerja migran memiliki jumlah tanggungan yang banyak dan memperburuk situasi keuangan rumah tangga. Pada saat yang bersamaan, keluarga pekerja migran Indonesia tidak maksimal dalam mengelola remitansi pada hal-hal yang bersifat produktif. Melihat kondisi sosial-ekonomi pekerja migran tersebut maka artikel ini juga berupaya untuk mengetahui strategi-strategi pekerja migran Indonesia untuk keluar dari krisis ekonomi selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Selain itu, artikel ini juga bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi dampak sosial ekonomi pekerja migran dan langkah-langkah pemerintah daerah untuk membantu pekerja dalam mengatasi dampak sosial-ekonomi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 6 bulan (Januari-Juni 2022) dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan data observasi-partisipasi, wawancara, FGD, dan dokumentasi dalam pengambilan data di lapangan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini melibatkan 30 informan yakni 15 laki-laki dan 15 perempuan. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pekerja migran memiliki strategi untuk dapat bertahan hidup di tengah masa pandemi, seperti memanfaatkan sektor pertanian dan peternakan. Pemerintah desa juga juga memberikan perhatian khusus kepada PMI dengan bantuan seperti BLT, BST, dan pelatihan UMKM.
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Beck, Scott A., and Alma D. Stevenson. "Migrant Students Scaffolding and Writing Their Own Stories: From Socioculturally Relevant Enabling Mentor Texts to Collaborative Student Narratives." Voices from the Middle 23, no. 1 (September 1, 2015): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/vm201527485.
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Children of migrant farmworkers drop out of school more than any other group. They need and deserve academic support that is socioculturally relevant to their lives. This article describes an innovative summer literacy program for intermediate and middle level children of migrant farmworkers that presented them with more than two dozen children’s picture story books with migrancy themes and systematically documented their responses to the books. Then, using these mentor texts and their responses as scaffolding, the students collaborated to create semi-autobiographical, illustrated narratives about growing up as migrants. These student-created CPSBs challenge our society’s erasure of and hostility toward migrants.
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Bracamontes, Damian Vergara. "Migrant Insubordination." Ethnic Studies Review 45, no. 1 (2022): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2022.45.1.3.
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Hunger strikes in detention centers across the nation have captivated media and scholarly attention. This article examines hunger strikes as signs of the development of both alliances and collective consciousness. Based on migrant testimonies, this article centers migrants in detention as critical social analysts who are crafting life affirming relationalities and launching staunch critiques of detention. This essay posits queer migrant kinship as a lens to interpret migrant sociality in detention. Queer migrant kinship reveals the centrality of care practices and witnessing as key elements politicizing migrants. Through this interdependent sensibility, migrants perform acts of radical care such as sharing resources, promoting well-being, and providing advocacy. Through these acts, this essay argues, migrants are challenging detention as a space of death and neglect into one of insubordination.
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Evi, Zulyani, Yovi Arista, Safina Maulida, and Arief Rahadian. "Ex-Migrant Workers’ Sisterhood: Case Study on ‘Desbumi’ and ‘Desmigratif’ Programs in Wonosobo District." Jurnal Perempuan 25, no. 3 (September 8, 2020): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.34309/jp.v25i3.455.
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<div>Ex-migrant workers are often found dealing with the lack of union that could cater their needs. These people that are mostly female are often excluded from the process of decision making in their own villages. In 2013, a program from civil society organization called Desbumi (Desa Peduli Buruh Migran or Migrant Workers Care Village) Initiative was launched in Wonosobo District, with the aim to improve migrant workers’ living conditions - especially female - through empowering female ex-migrant workers group. In 2016, a similar program called Desmigratif (Desa Migran Produktif or Productive Migrants Village) Initiative was spearheaded by the Ministry of Manpower, which shares the same goal with Desbumi Initiative. Building upon the debates surrounding the concept of sisterhood provided by Bell Hooks and Robin Morgan, this study discusses whether the top-down approach in organizing female ex-migrant workers residing in Kuripan, Lipursari, Rogojati, and Sindupaten Village through Desbumi and Desmigratif initiative could result in any forms of sisterhood formed during the implementation of the programs, and challenges that they faced along the way. This study found that characteristics associated with sisterhood of friendships were apparent in all female ex-migrant groups, signified by mutual support among women, shared experience, journey of self-discovery, and collective identity built upon similarities. On the discussion of challenges, several obstacles such as lack of regeneration, women’s domestic burden, and the issue of sustainability appeared along the journey of the sisterhood of ex-migrant workers.</div><div> </div>
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Dunin-Wąsowicz, Roch. "Polish Immigrant Organisations in the UK after 2004: Between Lack of Unity and Increased Recognition." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 48, no. 2 (184) (September 22, 2022): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.22.011.15837.
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This article discusses the changing structure, characteristics, and condition of Polish Immigrant Organisations (PIOs) in the United Kingdom, from Poland’s accession to the EU (2004) until the immediate aftermath of the Brexit vote (2017). It suggests that they are an important part of the rich tapestry of civil society actors dealing with migrants’ issues. It finds that the profound heterogenization of the landscape of Polish Immigrant Organisations can be attributed to a very diverse migrant community in terms of class, whose needs were not met by the hitherto existing organisations devoted to the symbolic affirmation of Polishness and in-group solidarity, chiefly along class lines. The resultant intergenerational tension between old and new migrants translated into the emergence of a new breed of migrant organisations that addressed the welfare needs of the underprivileged Polish migrants, especially on a local level, as well as their cultural belonging and social aspirations. The article is based on a 2-year multi-method study of migrant organisations across the United Kingdom that included surveys, interviews, and participant observation among civil society activists, experts, as well as civil servants. Słowa kluczowe: Polish Immigrant Organisations, Brexit, Civil Society, EU Migrat
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Agustina, Ika, and Kasirul Mubarok. "STRATEGI SOSIAL, EKONOMI, DAN BUDAYA PEKERJA PURNA MIGRAN ERA PANDEMI COVID-19." SOSEBI: Jurnal Penelitian Mahasiswa Ilmu Sosial, Ekonomi, dan Bisnis Islam 2, no. 1 (April 20, 2022): 106–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21274/sosebi.v2i1.5389.
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Abstrak: Masyarakat di era COVID-19 mengalami perubahan, tak terkecuali purna migran. Perubahan terjadi yang disebabkan oleh pandemi mengakibatkan purna migran membuat dan melaksanakan strategi dalam bidang sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya untuk mempertahankan hidup. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana strategi sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi purna migran dalam masyarakat pada era pandemi. Teori Tindakan Sosial, Teori Masyarakat Risiko, dan Teori Modal Sosial digunakan sebagai alat untuk memperkuat analisis. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap strategi sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi pekerja purna migran dalam masyarakat masa pandemi kemudian dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam kepada empat informan purna pekerja migran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan saat awal menjadi purna migran mereka mengalami risiko akibat pandemi (diberhentikan, dipulangkan, dan tidak dibayar). Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, mereka membuat strategi dalam bidang sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi merupakan pilihan yang tepat dan modal yang dimiliki purna migran dapat dikembangkan, baik sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi. Temuan menarik dalam penelitian ini adalah setelah menjadi purna migran yang sudah menerapkan strategi mereka tetap mengalami risiko dalam bidang tersebut sesuai dengan teori masyarakat risiko.
Kata Kunci : Strategi Sosial; Strategi Ekonomi; Strategi Budaya; Purna Pekerja Migran.
Abstract: Society in the COVID-19 era has changed, including post-migrants. The changes that have occurred due to the pandemic have resulted in returning migrants to create and implement strategies in the social, economic, and cultural fields to sustain life. The purpose of this study is to explain how the social, cultural, and economic strategies of post-migrants in society during the pandemic era. Social Action Theory, Community Risk Theory, and Social Capital Theory are used as tools to strengthen the analysis. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach to the social, cultural, and economic strategies of returning migrant workers in a community during the pandemic and then conducting in-depth interviews with four informants of returning migrant workers. The results showed that when they first became retired migrants, they were at risk due to the pandemic (dismissed, repatriated, and unpaid). To meet the needs of life, they make a strategy in the social, cultural, and economic fields which is the right choice and the capital owned by post-migrants can be developed, both socially, culturally, and economically. An interesting finding in this study is that after returning migrants who have implemented the strategy, they still experience risks in this field according to the risk society theory.
Keywords: Social Strategy, Economic Strategy, Cultural Strategy, Retired Migrant Workers.
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Natalis, Aga, and Budi Ispriyarso. "Politik Hukum Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Perempuan di Indonesia." Pandecta: Research Law Journal 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/pandecta.v13i2.15784.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana politik hukum perlindungan pekerja migran perempuan berbasis teori hukum feminis di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Politik hukum perlindungan terhadap pekerja migran perempuan, dapat ditelusuri berdasarkan beberapa regulasi terkait, mulai dari tatanan ideal, konstitusional, legislasi dan implementasi. Undang-undang perlindungan pekerja migran dianggap belum mampu melindungi pekerja migran perempuan Indonesia, tidak ada peraturan khusus terkait perlindungan pekerja migran perempuan dan belum konsisten untuk mengimplementasi berbagai konvensi yang telah diratifikasi terkait perlindungan pekerja migran terutama perempuan, sehingga perlu ditetapkan peraturan khusus terkait perlindungan pekerja migran Indonesia dalam rangka mewujudkan instrumen hukum perlindungan pekerja migran yang responsif terhadap kebutuhan pekerja migran perempuan Indonesia. Teori hukum feminis mendesak, pemerintah untuk menciptakan regulasi, terutama terkait perlindungan pekerja migran perempuan yang menempatkan perempuan pada posisi yang istimewa. This research aims to analyze how is the politics of law of the protection of female migrant workers is based on the feminist legal theory in Indonesia. This research uses a normative juridical approach. The results of the study indicate that the politcs of law of the protection of female migrant workers can be traced based on several related regulations, ranging from ideal, constitutional, legislative and implementation arrangements. The law on the protection of migrant workers is deemed unable to protect Indonesian female migrant workers, there are no specific regulations relating to the protection of female migrant workers and has not been consistent in implementing ratified conventions related to the protection of migrant workers, especially women, so special regulations need to be stipulated regarding migrant workers protection Indonesia in order to realize a legal instrument for the protection of migrant workers who is responsive to the needs of Indonesian women migrant workers. Feminist legal theory urges the government to create regulations, especially related to the protection of female migrant workers who place women in a special position.
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Rodriguez, Robyn Magalit. "Philippine Migrant Workers' Transnationalism in the Middle East." International Labor and Working-Class History 79, no. 1 (2011): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547910000384.
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AbstractHow do migrants assert their rights as workers when they do not enjoy the rights of citizenship in their countries of employment and are unable to assert their human rights through international conventions? This article focuses on the work of Migrante-International's Middle East chapter in Saudi Arabia. Specifically, it examines the ways Philippine migrants strategically assert their rights as Philippine citizens transnationally in local labor struggles. This case study of transnational labor activism in a region where migrant workers enjoy limited rights not only highlights how migrants exercise their agency in spite of major obstacles, but it also offers up novel ways to think about worker organizing within the context of contemporary neoliberal globalization for labor activists and scholars concerned with the labor rights of migrants.
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Zhou, Chunshan, Ming Li, Guojun Zhang, Yuqu Wang, and Song Liu. "Heterogeneity of Internal Migrant Household Consumption in Host Cities: A Comparison of Skilled Migrants and Labor Migrants in China." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 16, 2020): 7650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187650.
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Improvements in migrant families’ consumption are crucial to economic development after the economic crisis. With China’s participation in economic globalization, industrial transformation and college enrolment expansion, a new type of migrant worker has emerged, skilled migrants, who have attained a college diploma or above and whose consumption behaviors differ from traditional labor migrants because education helps to improve the income and consumption structure. This study uses comparative analysis and Tobit model to examine differences in income and consumption patterns, and determinants of consumption between skilled migrant and labor migrant households. Education helps to increase income and alter consumption behaviors. The income and consumption levels of skilled migrant households are significantly higher than the levels of labor migrant households, and the propensity to consume among skilled migrant households is higher than among labor migrant households. Moreover, the consumption structure of skilled migrant households is more advanced than that of labor migrant households. Education indirectly influences consumption by influencing economic, familial, individual, settlement intention, and social security factors. These factors have different effects on skilled migrant and labor migrant household consumption. Authorities should improve the education level and social welfare system to cover migrant households, especially for low-income labor migrants, to improve their consumption.
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Chu, Feng-Yuan, Hsiao-Ting Chang, Chung-Liang Shih, Cherng-Jye Jeng, Tzeng-Ji Chen, and Wui-Chiang Lee. "Factors Associated with Access of Marital Migrants and Migrant Workers to Healthcare in Taiwan: A Questionnaire Survey with Quantitative Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16 (August 8, 2019): 2830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162830.
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In Taiwan, migrants come mostly for marriage and work. Several researchers have conducted health-related studies of marital migrants and migrant workers, but the access of the two groups to healthcare has not been studied. Therefore, our study investigated the factors associated with migrants’ access to healthcare, with the main foci being marital migrants and migrant workers in Taiwan. A structured and cross-sectional questionnaire was anonymously self-administered by migrants recruited to participate in this survey on a voluntary basis from 11 medical centers and 11 migrant-helping associations in Taiwan between May 1st and September 21st, 2018. A total of 753 questionnaires were analyzed. The majority of marital migrants (n = 243) and migrant workers (n = 449) surveyed were enrolled in Taiwan’s National Health Insurance system (92.7 vs. 93.5%, p = 0.68). More of the migrant workers (n = 205) than the marital migrants (n = 42) encountered language barriers while seeking medical services (48.0 vs. 17.1%, p < 0.001). A professional interpreter at the point of care was considered important by more of the migrant workers (n = 316) than the marital migrants (n = 89) (70.2 vs. 39.6%, p < 0.001). Although more than 90% of the surveyed migrants were enrolled in the health insurance system in Taiwan, many, especially among the migrant workers, still faced language barriers while seeking medical services.
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Sricharoen, Thitiwan. "International Migrant Remittances and Saving from Thailand to Neighboring Countries." European Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2021.6.5.958.
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Remittances are a vital source of income for poor migrant sending countries. The purpose of research is to identify the determinants of remittances of migrant workers in Thailand, that are, Cambodia, Myanmar and Lao migrants. Data collection of 511 migrant workers in central region of Thailand. Methodology uses probit regression analysis. Research results present that the migrants are classified into three groups, which are, first time migration (45.21%), second times migration (26.81%) and third or more times migration (27.98%). Determinants of remittance of Cambodia migrants are first time migration, be registered or documented migrant, single status, household size and number of migrating household members in Thailand. Remittance of Myanmar migrants rely on social assistance, be documented migrant, number of months visit home in the last two years, length of stay in Thailand and number of migrating household members in Thailand. For Lao migrants, remittances are influenced by saving, male status, Income, be documented migrant, household size, real estate owned, and burden of family.
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Reyes-Espiritu, Ma Adeinev M. "Homemaking in and with Migrant Churches as Communities of Care." Religions 14, no. 2 (February 15, 2023): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14020257.
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Research on migration and religion reports the significance of religion to migrants, particularly those who self-identify as religious. In particular, migrant churches have served as a sanctuary, a venue for social networking, and a community supportive of migrants’ wellbeing, to name a few things. However, migrant churches are also criticized for the possibility of becoming instruments of control over migrants. Heeding Boccagni and Hondagneu-Sotelo’s invitation to use the “homemaking optic” to inquire into the experience of integration of migrants, this paper analyzes how migrant churches foster migrants’ becoming at home in the receiving societies using Philippine migrant communities as a case study. Data is gathered through semi-structured interviews with ministers and pastoral workers in migrant churches. The qualities that characterize their homemaking through belonging to and serving in a migrant church are “identifying with each other”, “creating a shared space”, “advocating for migrants’ rights and welfare”, “sharing resources”, and “adjusting to the receiving society”. The homemaking optic shifts attention towards the subjective realities of migrants against the background of various inequalities that present homemaking as a struggle for many. Migrant churches, through their values, beliefs, and practices, foster an atmosphere that welcomes, supports, encourages, and accompanies migrants towards becoming at home in the receiving country. Using practical theologian LaMothe’s three “dialectical pairs of personal knowing” proposed to underpin just care relationships, I present how migrant churches become communities of care when members, as care receivers, are recognized as they are and whose real “needs and desires” are acknowledged. In this study, the essential role of migrant churches in migrants’ homemaking is examined, emphasizing the notion that churches function as communities of care as they acknowledge the identities, subjectivities, and agency of their members.
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Saryglar, Syldysmaa A. "IMAGE OF A MIGRANT IN THE POPULATION OF THE BORDER REGION OF RUSSIA'S NOTIONS." Society and Security Insights 4, no. 2 (August 4, 2021): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/ssi(2021)2-03.
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The issues of adaptation and integration of migrants are one of the main directions of the sociology of migration. The success of a migrant's adaptation depends not only on himself, but also on the local community. Each of them faces the consequences and difficulties of migration to varying degrees. And the actions of each of the parties determine the success of migration processes. The article examines the issue of the adaptive potential of the host community through the study of migrant images in the perception of the population of the border region. The paper presents the results of a psychosemantic experiment conducted in the Altai Territory in 2020-2021 (n = 85). The average age of the respondents is 31.4 years. The image of a migrant in the perceptions of the population is explored through the role positions "migrant", "migrant from the CIS countries", "labor migrant". As scales, 28 pairs of categories were used, describing persons with different social activity. Based on the analysis of average values and factor analysis, the semantic spaces for assessing the mental representations of the "image of a migrant", "the image of a migrant from the CIS countries", "the image of a labor migrant" were built. There is a negative perception of the images of “migrant” and “migrant from the CIS countries”. They are characterized by such categories as "hardy", "alien", "distant", "impatient", "cunning", "arouses hostility", "warlike". A labor migrant is defined by the population as honest, responsible, hardworking, religious, sociable, easy-going and ready to help. The image of a “labor migrant” inspires more confidence in the population and is perceived more positively than the images of a “migrant” and “a migrant from the CIS countries”.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur. "Beyond labour migration: The making of migrant enterprises in Saudi Arabia." International Sociology 33, no. 1 (December 13, 2017): 86–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580917745770.
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Migrant labour has been an integral part of the social and economic fabric of the Gulf societies. While labour migration has affected many aspects of the lives of migrants and their receiving states in the Gulf, one of the most visible but often neglected migration outcomes is the development of migrant-operated businesses across the Gulf states. Evidently, many of these businesses are owned and run by migrants in collaboration with kafeels. Drawing on the experiences of Bangladeshi migrant entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia, this article explores the dynamics of Gulf migration, by identifying the transition from migrant worker to migrant entrepreneur, and explaining the making of migrant entrepreneurship within the temporary migration process. The study suggests that migrant entrepreneurship is embedded within the dynamics of the migration trajectory and the broader factors on which this depends. Notwithstanding their marginal character, the Bangladeshi enterprises in this study have flourished because of migrants’ willingness to embrace innovation. The article concludes with a call for identifying the best way to recognize migrant entrepreneurs’ contribution to economic development in Saudi Arabia.
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Lin, Shiyu, Zhengyue Jing, Natasha Howard, Tracey Chantler, Jiejie Cheng, Shiya Zhang, Chengchao Zhou, and Mei Sun. "Associations of Elements of Parental Social Integration with Migrant Children’s Vaccination: An Epidemiological Analysis of National Survey Data in China." Vaccines 9, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9080884.
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Our study explored the effects of parental social integration on migrant children’s vaccination status in China. Using data obtained from the 2014 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, a total of 4915 participants were included in this study. Social integration was measured by economic, social, cultural, and internal identity. Univariate chi-square testing was used to calculate associations between all variables and migrant children’s vaccination status. Binary logistic regression was employed to calculate the impacts of social integration on migrant children’s vaccination status. In total, 94.7% of migrant children had complete vaccinations for their age. Migrants who had medical insurance, spoke the native language when communicating with locals, lived mainly with locals, and did not perceive discrimination were more likely to have their children completely vaccinated. Social integration was positively associated with migrant children’s vaccination status. Our study indicated that to improve vaccination coverage of migrant children, more policy support for migrant employment and housing, promotion of health services for migrants, and language support in health institutions is needed.
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Saksela-Bergholm, Sanna, Mari Toivanen, and Östen Wahlbeck. "Migrant Capital as a Resource for Migrant Communities." Social Inclusion 7, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v7i4.2658.
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This thematic issue explores the processes and dynamics involved in how different forms of migrant capital are employed and how these relate to processes of social inclusion. Leaning on a Bourdieusian approach, we wish to move beyond existing descriptive studies and theorise the role migration plays in the accumulation, conversion and utilisation of various forms of capital by migrant communities and their members. The articles demonstrate how migrant capital can function as a resource created by migrants during the migration process, or as an outcome of it, and are potentially available to their family members. The articles illustrate via case studies from different national contexts how transnational migrants or members of migrant communities create, accumulate and employ diverse forms of capital in their efforts to achieve inclusion in destination and sending societies.
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Akyildiz, Cengiz, and İsmail Ekmekci. "OHS Problems of Migrants in Turkey and the Order of Importance: Pareto Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (September 10, 2020): 7462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187462.
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In Turkey, no studies have been conducted on the listing of the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) problems of legal and illegal migrant workers, especially of Syrian origin, in the order of importance and the need to address solution suggestions according to this order. This study aims to list the OHS problems of migrants, refugees, asylum-seekers, migrants under international protection, and irregular migrants employed in the production and service sectors in the order of importance and show their effect on solutions. The 40-item list of problems created by performing the literature review was weighted with the expert opinions of stakeholders related to migrants in Turkey, namely, universities, migrant NGOs, Syrian academicians, government units, migrant workers, and OHS specialists, and checked using Pareto analysis. In the table created by experts through the evaluation and weighting of the problems obtained from the literature review, the first eight questions (20%) constituted 79%, the next 12 questions (30%) constituted 16%, and the last 20 questions (50%) constituted 5%. When the first eight problems are analyzed, it is observed that the OSH problems of migrants are caused by the laws that are not enacted, the fact that the state institutions ignore migrant workers, and that migrant workers are completely vulnerable to OSH risks. Afterward, the same expert team was asked about solution proposals within the scope of the existing problems, and they were put in the order of importance via Pareto analysis. In Turkey, there is no law or legislation regarding OHS legislation for migrant workers. Migrant workers experience serious security and health problems. The state especially ignores illegal migrant workers. Illegal migrant workers are deprived of their security rights and the right to access health care. It is observed that 80% of the migrant workers’ problems will be resolved when the most important eight problems identified are resolved.
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Pratiwi, Dita, and Lala M. Kolopaking. "Leaders Influence on Productivity of Migrant Transvestites Community and Transvestites did in Rural Development." Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] 1, no. 3 (October 7, 2017): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.1.3.379-396.
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Al-Fatah boarding transvestites in jagalan village had establish since 2008 involving transvestites migrants who come from different regions. Their goal was in boarding school is to repair transvestites to be more productive. Pesantren leaders are important actors in the establishment and implementation of activities in these schools. Research objectives, namely: identify the effect of leadership level (level of ability, the level of personality and leadership style) on the level of productivity of the migrant transvestites community; analyze the effect of the productivity level of the migrant transvestites community on the level transvestites did in Jagalan Rural development and village of transvestites. Quantitative research methods approach supported by survey method qualitative data through in-depth interviews. The results showed that the level of leadership (ability level, the level of personality and leadership style) influence the level of productivity of the migrant transvestites community. Productivity levels affect the level of village development and village of origin Jagalan transvestites. Transvestites did ini rural development is realized through donations of money, goods or labor provided to the migrant transvestites community Jagalan village or family parties in their respective home villages.Keywords: rural development, leader, productivity, migrant transvestites-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRAKPesantren Waria Al-Fatah di Desa Jagalan sudah berdiri sejak tahun 2008 dengan melibatkan waria migran yang datang dari berbagai daerah. Tujuan mereka berada di Pesantren Waria adalah untuk memerbaiki kehidupan menjadi lebih produktif. Pemimpin pesantren merupakan aktor penting dalam pendirian dan pelaksanaan kegiatan di pesantren ini. Tujuan penelitian, yaitu: mengidentifikasi pengaruh tingkat kepemimpinan (tingkat kemampuan, tingkat kepribadian, dan gaya kepemimpinan) terhadap tingkat produktivitas komunitas waria migran; menganalisis pengaruh tingkat produktivitas komunitas waria migran terhadap tingkat peranan waria dalam pembangunan Desa Jagalan dan desa asal waria. Metode penelitian menerapkan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei yang didukung data kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepemimpinan (tingkat kemampuan, tingkat kepribadian, dan gaya kepemimpinan) memengaruhi tingkat produktivitas komunitas waria migran. Tingkat produktivitas memengaruhi tingkat peranan waria dalam pembangunan Desa Jagalan dan desa asal waria. Peranan waria dalam pembangunan desa diwujudkan melalui sumbangan berupa uang, barang, atau tenaga kerja yang diberikan komunitas waria migran kepada pihak Desa Jagalan ataupun pihak keluarga di desa asal masing-masing.Kata kunci: pembangunan desa, pemimpin, produktivitas, waria migran
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Zou, Jing, Liming Yao, Xiaoxuan Lan, and Xiaojun Deng. "Promoting or inhibiting: The role of socio-economic integration on migrant entrepreneurship." Transactions in Planning and Urban Research 2, no. 4 (December 2023): 432–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/27541223231216655.
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Entrepreneurship plays a key role in promoting the global economic growth. However, the association between socio-economic integration and migrant entrepreneurship goes unnoticed. Based on 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS), using a baseline regression model, Heckman two-stage model and IV Probit model, our research evidences a positive correlation between migrants’ integration into the society and their entrepreneurship. Specifically, for every standard deviation increase in the socio-economic integration level of migrants, the probability of having entrepreneurial engagement increases by 1.4%. Further findings indicates that migrant’s socio-economic integration is negatively correlated with migrant necessity-based entrepreneurship, while indicating a positive relationship between migrants’ socio-economic integration and opportunity-based entrepreneurship. The underlying mechanism of how socio-economic integration impacts migrant necessity-based entrepreneurship is through changes in the perception of difficulty and migrants’ settlement intention. The internal mechanism of how socio-economic integration influences migrant opportunity-based entrepreneurship is by changing localised social capital and migrants’ risk preference. More extensive investigations evidence that the degree of marketisation and the level of information have significant regulatory effect on the relationship between socio-economic integration and migrant entrepreneurship. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the relationship between socio-economic integration and migrant entrepreneurship varies across different levels of human capital, material capital and experience capital.
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Makina, Daniel. "Determinants of Migrants’ Savings in the Host Country: Empirical Evidence of Migrants living in South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2014): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i1.470.
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The paper uses a data set of Zimbabwean migrants living in South Africa to investigate the saving behaviour they exhibit in the host country. Having observed that these migrants comprise those that do save in the host country and those that do not save at all, the paper employs a Tobit function that is capable of modelling the savings level as function of migrant characteristics. The results observed are that the level of migrant savings in the host country is positively related to migrant income level, return migration intentions, number of dependents in the host country, remittance level and access to banking services, and is negatively related to the age of the migrant, number of dependents in the home country, migrant length of stay, migrant legal status, and frequency of home visits. Interestingly, the savings behaviour of migrants in the host country mirrors the remittance behaviour in many respects.
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Paarlberg, Afshan. "Migrant-Serving Organizations: Supporting U.S. Migrants with Safe Digital Access." Migration Letters 20, no. 3 (May 24, 2023): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/ml.v20i3.2814.
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Migrants to the United States face technology, language, legal, cultural, and economic barriers. Without direct voter influence, migrants engage with and depend upon migrant-serving organizations to build identity, address negative scrutiny, overcome obstacles, and acclimate to society. In a growing and shifted digital landscape, migrant-serving organizations are vital to providing digital accessibility amongst migrants. This paper provides a literature review regarding digital accessibility amongst migrants. It offers recommendations for migrant-serving organizations in investigating barriers and program design that support the unique digital needs of migrants.
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Nabila, Amira Hasna. "Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Pekerja Migran Indonesia Sektor Rumah Tangga." Jurist-Diction 5, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jd.v5i1.32741.
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AbstractThe majority of Indonesian migrant workers who work in the domestic sector are women. As a result, they are vulnerable to cases such as torture, violence, sexuality, and physical and emotional exploitation. In Indonesia, the rule of law against Indonesian Migrant Workers is regulated in Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. However, the existence of this regulation does not specifically apply to non-procedural Indonesian Migrant Workers in the Household Sector who are victims of human trafficking. Every Indonesian Migrant Worker, whether procedural or not, has the right to be protected as part of an Indonesian citizen. Non-procedural Indonesian Migrant Workers in the Domestic Sector are entitled to legal protection in a preventive and repressive manner.Keywords: Legal Protection; Indonesian Migrant Workers; Domestic Workers.AbstrakPekerja Migran Indonesia khususnya yang bekerja pada Sektor Rumah Tangga mayoritasnya adalah perempuan. Akibatnya, mereka rentan mengalami kasus-kasus seperti penyiksaan, kekerasan, seksual, dan eksploitasi fisik serta emosional. Di Indonesia, aturan hukum terhadap Pekerja Migran Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 Tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia. Namun, adanya aturan ini belum mengatur secara khusus terhadap Pekerja Migran Indonesia Sektor Rumah Tangga non prosedural yang menjadi korban perdagangan orang. Setiap Pekerja Migran Indonesia baik prosedural maupun tidak mempunyai hak untuk dilindungi sebagai bagian dari warga negara Indonesia. Pekerja Migran Indonesia Sektor Rumah Tangga non prosedural berhak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hukum secara preventif dan represif.Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum; Pekerja Migran Indonesia;Pekerja Sektor Rumah Tangga.
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Bacong, Adrian Matias, Anna K. Hing, Brittany Morey, Catherine M. Crespi, Maria Midea Kabamalan, Nanette R. Lee, May C. Wang, A. B. de Castro, and Gilbert C. Gee. "Health selection on self-rated health and the healthy migrant effect: Baseline and 1-year results from the health of Philippine Emigrants Study." PLOS Global Public Health 2, no. 7 (July 22, 2022): e0000324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000324.
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Studies of migration and health focus on a “healthy migrant effect” whereby migrants are healthier than individuals not migrating. Health selection remains the popular explanation of this phenomenon. However, studies are mixed on whether selection occurs and typically examine migrants post-departure. This study used a novel pre-migration dataset to identify which health and social domains differ between migrants and their non-migrant counterparts and their contribution to explaining variance in self-rated health by migrant status at pre-migration and 1-year later. Data were used from the baseline and 1-year follow-up of the Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES). We used multivariable ordinary least squares regression to examine differences in self-rated health between migrants to the U.S. and a comparable group of non-migrants at baseline (premigration) and one year later, accounting for seven domains: physical health, mental health, health behavior, demographics, socioeconomic factors and healthcare utilization, psychosocial factors, and social desirability. A migrant advantage was present for self-rated health at baseline and 1-year. Accounting for all domains, migrants reported better self-rated health compared to non-migrants both at baseline (β = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.22, 0.43) and at 1-year (β = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.46). Migrant status, health behavior, and mental health accounted for most of the variance in self-rated health both at baseline and 1-year follow-up. This analysis provides evidence of migrant health selection and nuanced understanding to what is being captured by self-rated health in studies of migrant health that should be considered in future research.
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Zati Rizqi Muhammad. "Pertanggungjawaban Indonesia Sebagai Negara Peratifikasi Konvensi Perlindungan Hak-Hak Seluruh Pekerja Migran Dan Anggota Keluarganya." Jurist-Diction 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jd.v7i1.55051.
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Abstract Indonesia has ratified the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICMW 1990) through Law Number 6 of 2012. Due to this ratification, Indonesia has various obligations to protect migrant workers entering the country to their jurisdiction regardless of their migration status under the agreement's contents. However, in practice, the Indonesian government has not taken the protection of migrant workers seriously, wildly irregular migrant workers. Therefore, the formulation of the problem includes the protection of foreign migrant workers in Indonesia and the legal consequences for Indonesia if it does not protect migrant workers under the agreement's contents. Therefore, this research is normative juridical research using a statutory and conceptual approach. Keywords: ICMW 1990, immigration status, migrant workers Abstrak Indonesia telah melakukan ratifikasi International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICMW 1990) melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2012. Konsekuensi dari melakukan ratifikasi ini, Indonesia dibebankan berbagai kewajiban untuk melindungi pekerja migran yang masuk ke wilayah hukumnya tanpa melihat status migrasinya sesuai dengan isi perjanjian. Namun pada prakteknya, Pemerintah Indonesia belum melakukan perlindungan pada pekerja migran dengan serius, khususnya pekerja migran irregular. Rumusan masalah antara lain perlindungan pekerja migran asing di Indonesia serta akibat hukum Indonesia bila tidak melakukan perlindungan pekerja migran sesuai dengan isi perjanjian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) serta pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach). Kata Kunci: ICMW 1990, status migrasi, pekerja migran
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Taufik, Ade Irawan. "PERAN ASEAN DAN NEGARA ANGGOTA ASEAN TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA MIGRAN." Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 3, no. 2 (August 31, 2014): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v3i2.43.
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Isu pekerja migran bukan hal baru, namun masih isu yang aktual, karena masih banyak terjadinya sisi negatif berupa perlakuan yang tidak manusiawi terhadap pekerja migran. Dalam lingkup ASEAN, Indonesia bukan satu-satunya negara pengirim pekerja migran, namun terdapat negara lain dengan negara tujuan yang hampir sama. Permasalahan yang dialami oleh pekerja migran dari negara-negara tersebut pada dasarnya hampir sama dengan yang dialami oleh pekerja migran dari Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan, yakni bagaimana peran ASEAN dalam melindungi pekerja migran dan bagaimana kesiapan instrumen hukum Indonesia dan negara-negara anggota ASEAN lainnya dalam melindungi pekerja migran. Dengan menggunakan metode studi tekstual, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa peran ASEAN dalam melindungi pekerja migran telah tertuang di Piagam ASEAN yang dielaborasikan ke dalam 3 (tiga) pilar Komunitas ASEAN, namun peran tersebut tidak dapat maksimal karena tidak terciptanya konsesus dalam penyusunan instrumen perlindungan hak pekerja migran. Rekomendasi terhadap kebuntuan tersebut adalah dengan membawa dan membahasnya ke dalam pertemuan Dewan Komunitas ASEAN, karena isu tersebut merupakan isu lintas komunitas. Peran ASEAN sangat tergantung kepada upaya masing-masing negara anggota ASEAN dalam merumuskan regulasi dalam hukum nasionalnya masing-masing untuk mengimplemantasikan instrumen ASEAN terkait perlindungan pekerja migran, namun hal ini belum didukung dengan peran negara anggota ASEAN yang relatif rendah dalam komitmen perlindungan pekerja migran.<p>The issue of migrant workers is not new, but still the current issue, because there were lots of negative sides in the form of inhumane treatment of migrant workers. Within the scope of ASEAN, Indonesia is not the only sending countries of migrant workers. There were other countries whose sending its migrant workers with similar destinations with Indonesia. Problems faced by migrant workers from those countries are basically the same as experienced by Indonesian migrant workers. This research discusses the problem, namely how ASEAN’s role in protecting migrant workers and how’s Indonesia and other ASEAN member countries legal instrument readiness to protect migrant workers. By using the method of textual study, it was concluded that the role of ASEAN in the protection of migrant workers has been stated in the ASEAN Charter elaborated into three (3) pillars of the ASEAN Community, nevertheless that roles cannot be maximized for there were no consensus in creating the protection of the rights of migrant workers instruments. Recommendation to the impasse is to bring and discuss it in the ASEAN Community Council meeting, because the issue is a cross-community issue. ASEAN’s role in implementing ASEAN instrument on the protection of migrant worker is dependent upon the efforts of each ASEAN member countries in formulating regulations in their respective domestic laws. Nevertheless, their commitments to the protection of migrant workers are relatively poor.</p>
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Kusuma, Yadlapalli, Sanjeev Gupta, and Chandrakant Pandav. "Migration and Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Neo-Migrants and Settled-Migrants in Delhi, India." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 21, no. 4 (September 25, 2009): 497–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539509344114.
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Understanding the blood pressure (BP) distribution within populations is fundamental to an understanding of the etiology of cardiovascular diseases and to develop effective preventive strategies. This study focuses on whether the BP levels and hypertension prevalence differ between neo-migrants and settled-migrants in the city of Delhi. Data on BP, anthropometry, social variables, and demographic variables were collected from a cross-sectional sample of 226 settled-migrants and 227 neo-migrants. Men possessed significantly higher BP levels than women. Settled-migrants possessed higher BP levels, except diastolic BP in males. The prevalence of hypertension ranges from 15% (neo-migrant women) to 25% (settled-migrant men), with no significant gender differences. Group differences were significant for men. Hypertension was more prevalent in older settled-migrants and younger neo-migrants. Recent migration was found to be a significant contributor to hypertension prevalence. Age contributed significantly to BP variation in both groups except in neo-migrant men. Pulse rate also contributed to systolic BP among neo-migrant women and settled-migrant men. Thus, urban residence and migration to urban areas can be a leading cause of increased prevalence of hypertension. Neo-migrants were subjected to more lifestyle insults and the stress generated during the adjustment process may be contributing to rise of BP even at younger ages.
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Wang, Wenqing. "Social Network Correlates of Mental Health among Rural-to-Urban Migrants in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 17, 2021): 10902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010902.
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Internal rural-to-urban migrants in China are facing a high risk of mental disorders. Previous research on mental health correlates and predictors among this population focused on individual-level characteristics, neglecting network-level indicators, and migrant–urbanite intergroup relationship. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Beijing, China from December 2018 to January 2019. A convenience sample of 420 rural-to-urban migrants completed the Chinese 12-item General Health Questionnaire and reported their relationship with urbanites in the past six months. Multivariate linear regression models were used to test the association of the inter-hukou network with migrant mental health. Two indicators of the inter-hukou network were significantly associated with migrant mental health. Migrants were more mentally healthy if their proportion of weak ties in the inter-hukou network was no less than 50%. The more social support migrants received from the inter-hukou network, the better their mental health was. Meanwhile, there was a significant interaction effect between social support and sex, indicating that the same level of social support better protected the mental health of female migrants. Results suggest the importance of social network factors and migrant–urbanite ties for migrant mental health. Future efforts may need to mobilize and facilitate the inter-hukou network to improve migrant mental health.
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Solechan, Solechan, Tri Rahayu Utami, and Muhamad Azhar. "Upaya Meningkatkan Jaminan Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia." Administrative Law and Governance Journal 3, no. 1 (March 5, 2020): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/alj.v3i1.153-161.
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Berdasarkan Pasal 1 Angka 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia, Pekerja Migran Indonesia adalah setiap warga negara Indonesia yang akan, sedang, atau telah melakukan pekerjaan dengan menerima upah di luar wilayah Republik Indonesia. Human Capital Index (HCI) menempatkan Indonesia berada pada peringkat ke-87 atau urutan ke-6 di Asia Tenggara sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kualitas Pekerja Migran Indonesia. HCI Indoneisa yang rendah tentu perlu ditingkatkan untuk meningkatkan pula daya saing dan kualitas Pekerja Migran Indonesia yang akan menunjang daya tawar Pekerja Migran Indonesia di tingkat global. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui urgensi diperlukannya Peningkatan Posisi Daya Tawar Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Jaminan Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia Oleh Pemerintah. Kata Kunci: Pekerja Migran Indonesia, Daya Tawar, Kualitas. Abstract Based on Article 1 Number 3 of Law Number 18 Year 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers, Indonesian Migrant Workers are any Indonesian citizens who will, are or have done work by receiving wages outside the territory of the Republic of Indonesia. The Human Capital Index (HCI) ranks Indonesia at 87th or 6th in Southeast Asia so that it affects the quality of Indonesian Migrant Workers. The low Indonesian HCI certainly needs to be improved to improve the competitiveness and quality of Indonesian Migrant Workers who will support the bargaining power of Indonesian Migrant Workers at the global level. This research was conducted to determine the urgency of the need to increase the bargaining power position as an effort to improve the guarantee of protection of Indonesian migrant workers by the government. Keyword: Indonesian Migrant Workers, Bargaining Power, Quality.
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Mota, Lorena, Maureen Mayhew, Karen J. Grant, Ricardo Batista, and Kevin Pottie. "Rejecting and accepting international migrant patients into primary care practices: a mixed method study." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 11, no. 2 (June 15, 2015): 108–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-04-2014-0013.
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Purpose – International migrants frequently struggle to obtain access to local primary care practices. The purpose of this paper is to explore factors associated with rejecting and accepting migrant patients into Canadian primary care practices. Design/methodology/approach – Mixed methods study. Using a modified Delphi consensus approach among a network of experts on migrant health, the authors identified and prioritized factors related to rejecting and accepting migrants into primary care practices. From ten semi-structured interviews with the less-migrant-care experienced practitioners, the authors used qualitative description to further examine nuances of these factors. Findings – Consensus was reached on practitioner-level factors associated with a reluctance of practitioners to accept migrants − communication challenges, high-hassle factor, limited availability of clinicians, fear of financial loss, lack of awareness of migrant groups, and limited migrant health knowledge – and on factors associated with accepting migrants − feeling useful, migrant health education, third party support, learning about other cultures, experience working overseas, and enjoying the challenge of treating diseases from around the world. Interviews supported use of interpreters, community resources, alternative payment methods, and migrant health education as strategies to overcome the identified challenges. Research limitations/implications – This Delphi network represented the views of practitioners who had substantive experience in providing care for migrants. Interviews with less-experienced practitioners were used to mitigate this bias. Originality/value – This study identifies the facilitators and challenges of migrants’ access to primary care from the perspective of primary care practitioners, work that complements research from patients’ perspectives. Strategies to address these findings are discussed.
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Hawari, Prabu. "Faktor Pendorong dan Penarik dalam Migrasi Pekerja Rumah Tangga Migran Perempuan." Transformasi Global 10, no. 2 (January 15, 2024): 113–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtg.010.02.3.
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The phenomenon of international migration is growing every year and this phenomenon has a big impact. Migration is an act to move from origin region to destination region. Those who migrated are called 'migrants'. One type of migrant is a migrant worker. Migrant workers are people who migrate to be employed or work alone to improve their economy. Indonesia is known as one of the largest sending countries of migrant workers. The province that sends the most migrant workers in Indonesia is East Java where Malang Regency is one of the regencies that send the most Indonesian migrant workers (IMW) or Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI). Hong Kong is the most favored destination for IMW from Malang Regency. Every year, the number of IMW that is sent is always increasing but at the end of 2019, the number started to decline. This is caused by the COVID-19 pandemic which had impacts on many things. Most of these IMWs are female and work in the domestic sector. This research used a qualitative research method with an interview approach to 12 Indonesian IMWs who left for Hong Kong and came from Malang Regency. It was found that their main motive for migrating was to improve their economy since it's hard to find jobs in Malang and the wage is small which is known as push factors. In Hong Kong, the demand for female migrant workers is high, the wages are great, and Hong Kong has good policies for IMW which is known as the pull factors to migrate.
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Kaschowitz, Judith. "Health of migrant care-givers across Europe: what is the role of origin and welfare state context?" Ageing and Society 40, no. 5 (December 5, 2018): 1084–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x18001599.
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AbstractAcross Europe a rising number of migrants are reaching higher ages. As old age is related to care dependency, care-giving within migrant families is becoming more important. To date, little research has focused on health outcomes for migrant care-givers. Theories and empirical evidence suggest differences in the relationship of care-giving and health between migrants and non-migrants due to differences in support, income, norms and values. Furthermore, across Europe the degree of formal care supply and the obligation to provide informal care vary considerably and presumably lead to different health outcomes of care-giving in different countries. Based on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (Waves 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (Waves 2–6), this paper studies the relationship between informal care-giving inside the household and health for migrant and non-migrant care-givers across Europe and analyses changes in health. In most countries migrant care-givers are in worse self-perceived and mental health compared to non-migrant care-givers. When controlling for important influences no differences in the relationship between health and care-giving for migrants and non-migrants can be found. Moreover, care-giving deteriorates mental health irrespective of origin. The country models showed that for non-migrants care-giving is most detrimental in Southern welfare states whereas for migrants care-giving is also burdening in Nordic welfare states.
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Eyenga Onana, Pierre Suzanne. "Itinéraire erratique et mutation identitaire dans "Desirada" de M. Condé." Anales de Filología Francesa 28, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesff.425881.
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¿De qué manera el fenómeno de la inmigración hace que los migrantes cambien su identidad psicológica, socioprofesional y cultural hasta el punto de convertirse en híbridos? Basado en la sociocrítica de Henri Mitterand, este estudio está organizado en tres partes. En primer lugar, mostramos cómo la inmigración resulta ser un escollo en el proceso de construcción de la identidad del migrante, así como un trampolín para reinventarse en el espacio extranjero. A continuación, miramos la dimensión estética que nos permite captar la novela principalmente como una obra de arte y no como un libro de texto de historia. Por último, ilustramos que la identidad, en la obra de Condé, resulta de la suma de las culturas que el migrante encuentra a lo largo de su errático itinerario. How does the phenomenon of immigration cause migrants to change their psychological, socio-professional and cultural identities to such an extent that they become hybrids? Based on Henri Mitterand’s sociocriticism, this study is organized in three parts. First, we show how immigration proves to be a stumbling block in the migrant's identity-building process, as well as a springboard for reinventing oneself in the foreign space. Then we look at the aesthetic dimension that allows us to grasp the novel above all as a work of art and not a history textbook. Finally, we illustrate that identity, in Condé's case, results from the sum of the cultures that the migrant encounters throughout his or her erratic itinerary. Comment le phénomène de l’immigration engendre-t-il chez les migrants des mutations identitaires aux plans psychologique, socioprofessionnel et culturel au point d’en faire des êtres hybrides ? Se fondant sur la sociocritique d’Henri Mitterand, la présente étude s’organise en trois parties. D’abord, nous montrons comment l’immigration s’avère un écueil dans le processus de construction identitaire du migrant, autant qu’un tremplin pour la réinvention de soi-même dans l’espace étranger. Ensuite, nous nous intéressons à la dimension esthétique qui permet de saisir le roman avant tout comme une œuvre d’art et non un manuel d’histoire. Enfin, nous illustrons que l’identité, chez Condé, résulte de la somme des cultures auxquelles se confronte le migrant tout au long de son itinéraire erratique.
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Glick, Jennifer, and Scott T. Yabiku. "Migrant children and migrants' children." Demographic Research 35 (July 29, 2016): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/demres.2016.35.8.
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Luo, D. Q., Y. K. Zhao, and J. H. Liu. "Pili migrans (poil migrant cutané)." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 137, no. 6-7 (June 2010): 468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annder.2010.04.012.
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Volkov, Yu G., V. V. Krivopuskov, and V. I. Kurbatov. "Digital migrants and digital diaspora: new problems and trends of international migration." Digital Sociology 4, no. 4 (January 27, 2022): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-347x-2021-4-4-102-108.
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The “Digital migrant”, as a concept, is used to refer to a migrant who realises his information needs by information digital technologies. This give rise to new trends in international migration processes, among which the global informatisation can be highlighted. This is expressed in the mass representation of migrants in social networks, in virtual network migrant communities’ creation. The digital diaspora being an electronic platform is the basis for migrants’ access to online public content, serves as an information base for the migrants’ digital adaptation and their virtual identity’s formation, which is becoming more and more transnational.The article proposes an instrumental definition of “digital migrant” concept, reveals factors of digital ethnic national community’s functioning, features of migrants’ social adaptation in digital diaspora, new types of interpersonal communication in digital diaspora, new trends and problems of digital migration, and new types of migrants’ identity and of digital virtual identity
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San Jose, Benjamin A. "Achieving human security for migrants: the limits of state policies and migration-development initiatives." Bandung: Journal of the Global South 2, no. 1 (September 8, 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40728-015-0019-5.
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The Philippines is one of the top migrant sending countries and is often lauded as a model migrant country due to its skilled migrant labor force, high remittance rates and forward-thinking government policies. However, it is often criticized for its policies of exploitative labor migrant export, its dependency to migrant remittances, and its failure to offer migrant protection. In recent years, scholars and policy makers have suggested using human security as an approach to address the challenges of migration. By bringing the focus away from the state to becoming people-centered, human security aims to address the problems of statelessness, the lack of migrant protection, human rights, and offers long-term solutions to migration. Since the Philippines is highly dependent on migrant labor and is in the forefront of promoting migrant conditions in the international arena, some relevant questions can be raised: what are the role and benefits of using a human security approach for migrants? How does the Philippines attempt to secure human security for its migrants? Has the Philippines achieved human security for its migrants? This paper argues that as the Philippines grew more dependent on labor migration, human security for migrants is attempted by the state through an institutionalized set of policies and assumptions. The promise of migrant welfare and human security is premised on the following points: creating better policies and institutionalizing migrant state agencies, creating national laws together with bilateral and multilateral agreements on migration and in recent years, and the promotion of migration and development initiatives. While these attempts may hold promise, they suffer from limitations on implementation and sustainability. In the final analysis, human security can only be achieved by working towards a national dialogue on migration where stakeholders from the state, civil society organizations, and migrant groups participate in the national debate on the future of migration. Only by reaching a national dialogue on responsive and long-term policies that are grounded in human security can the country go beyond the view that migration and development policies are a catch-all panacea to the problems of migrant protection and long-term economic development in the homeland.
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Zheng, Rumin, Lin Mei, Yanhua Guo, Shuo Zhen, and Zhanhui Fu. "How do city-specific factors affect migrant integration in China? A study based on a hierarchical linear model of migrants and cities." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): e0244665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244665.
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Background Previous studies indicate that migrant integration is associated with migrants’ characteristics as well as restrictions and opportunities in receiving cities. However, the effect of receiving cities and the relationship between migrants and receiving cities have not been fully explored due to the lack of large samples from cities. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of receiving cities alone and their regulating role in the interaction with individual characteristics. Methods Cross-city data on 154,044 Chinese domestic migrants above 15 years old in 289 cities from the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey are used. Migrant integration is assessed by a four-dimensional model proposed by Esser, which is slightly adjusted according to the characteristics of Chinese migrants. A hierarchical linear model is used to measure the proportion of effects of city factors in migrant integration as well as the effects when city factors are considered alone and in interaction with individual factors. Results The individual-level and city-level factors are responsible for 69.81% and 30.19% of the effect on migrant integration, respectively. City political factors do not affect migrant integration directly, and cities with larger sizes and higher wages can directly and significantly improve integration, while higher housing prices will directly inhibit integration. From the cross-level interaction of city and individual, different social, economic and political factors at the city level have an indirect impact on migrant integration by inhibiting or strengthening the effect of individual-level factors on migrant integration. Conclusion This study is one of the first to show the effect of cities and the relationship between receiving cities and migrants on migrant integration by keeping the national context constant. It is necessary to weaken the social and economic privileges associated with a city’s administrative level and reduce the negative impact of cities’ social and economic conditions by implementing city agglomeration, developing advantageous industries and optimizing the industrial structure. It is also essential to improve migrants’ socioeconomic capital through social support, occupation training and contiguous education.
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Wu, Min, Mengyun Jin, Luyao Zeng, and Yihao Tian. "The Effects of Parental Migrant Work Experience on Labor Market Performance of Rural-Urban Migrants: Evidence from China." Land 11, no. 9 (September 8, 2022): 1507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091507.
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With the development of China’s economy and the deepening of urbanization, the number of migrants whose parents have migrant work experience continues to rise. However, what is the long-term impact of parental migrant work experience on migrant children? Existing literature has not yet adequately answered. Based on the data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2016–2017, this article uses a multiple linear regression model to examine the impact of parental migrant work experience on the income of rural-urban migrants and its impact mechanism and heterogeneity empirically. We find that parental migrant work experience has a positive impact on the monthly income of second-generation rural-urban migrants. Specifically, compared with those whose parents had no such experience, the average monthly income of those whose parents had such experience increased significantly by 3.08% (approximately 124 yuan), and this effect was more apparent when fathers had migrant work experience. The main influencing channel comes from the significant increase in the probability of rural-urban migrants choosing self-employment. The results of the heterogeneity analysis showed that this effect was more significant in the sample of males and those with high school education and below. After a series of robustness tests, these conclusions remain valid. This work enriches the corresponding research literature and provides empirical evidence for studying the long-term effects of parents’ early experiences on their children.
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Randeria, Shalini, and Evangelos Karagiannis. "The Migrant Position: Dynamics of Political and Cultural Exclusion." Theory, Culture & Society 37, no. 7-8 (October 9, 2020): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276420957733.
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The lives and labour of migrants are increasingly shaped by political precarity and rightlessness in an unevenly globalized world. We argue that ‘undesirableness’ rather than mobility is constitutive of the ‘migrant’ position. Besides underscoring the asymmetrical power relations that define the position of the ‘migrant’ vis-à-vis the receiving state and society, an optic of ‘undesirableness’ also foregrounds the governmental techniques deployed to produce the figure of the ‘migrant’. We suggest that the framing of migrants as ‘unwanted’ is pivotal to the European non-entrée regime, which parallels cultural exclusion through an Orientalization of the discourse on migration. The immutable cultural alterity of the (Muslim) ‘migrant’ is thus presumed to pose a perennial threat to Western ‘liberal’ values. Two assumptions undergird this narrative of the ‘undesirable’ migrant as the quintessential ‘Other’ of the European Self: cultural determination of behaviour in migrant communities, and incompatibility of ‘migrant cultures’ with those of ‘host’ societies.
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Susilo and Meilinda Trisilia. "Interregional Labor Migration and Its Role in Shaping Economic Growth: A Case Study of Casual Worker Migrants in Indonesia." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 12, no. 1 (January 15, 2024): e2218. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i1.2218.
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Purpose: This study analyzed the determinants and impacts of casual migrant workers that was conducted in East Java, which is known as one of highest economic growth area in Indonesia and experiencing a higher influx of migrants compared to migrants leaving the region. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs the two-step heckman method. The sample consists of workers who engaged in interregional migration within East Java on 2015. The sample was selected based on characteristics that align with the research requirements, extracted from secondary data derived from the 2015 inter-census population survey. The data type used is cross-sectional data. Findings: The research findings indicate that significant determinants of casual migrant workers are migrants of non-productive age, male migrants, migrants with non-bachelor's/diploma, unmarried migrants, migrants without family under 5 years old, migrants originating from predominantly wooden/board/earthen floors, migrants from higher minimum wage regions than the destination, non-metropolitan city migrants, and migrants from areas with a lower poverty rate than destination region, which are more likely to move and become migrants. The results for the significant impact of casual migrant workers on the economic sector are influenced by casual migrant workers originating from non-metropolitan city regions, which contribute the most to the destination region's GRDP. Research, practical & social implications: This study formulates policy strategies that can be employed by government to enhance the quality of human resources and expand employment opportunities, particularly for casual migrant workers, as an endeavor to boost economic growth in the destination regions of migration.
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Aljehani, Abdelnaser. "The Legal Definition of the Smuggling of Migrants in Light of the Provisions of the Migrant Smuggling Protocol." Journal of Criminal Law 79, no. 2 (April 2015): 122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022018315576734.
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This article argues that the legal definition of the smuggling of migrants in Article 3(a) of the Migrant Smuggling Protocol has a number of deficiencies, which might affect adversely the Protocol’s purpose of combating migrant smuggling set forth in Article 2. This will lead to the result that the criminal laws of state parties based on this definition will be weak and unable to prevent and combat the activities of migrant smuggling. This article proposes a number of amendments that might make the definition of the smuggling of migrants in the Migrant Smuggling Protocol more effective.
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Li, Zhen, and Zai Liang. "Gender and job mobility among rural to urban temporary migrants in the Pearl River Delta in China." Urban Studies 53, no. 16 (July 20, 2016): 3455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098015615747.
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Previous studies have found that there is a female disadvantage among rural migrants in the urban labour market in China. It remains unclear whether migrant women also lag behind migrant men in job mobility, an important channel for rural migrants to improve their labour market outcomes. Using data from a large-scale survey conducted in the Pearl River Delta region, one of the most important migration destinations in China, we examine gender gaps in job mobility of rural migrants from 1979 to 2006. Focusing on job mobility, this paper sheds new light on the changing gender dynamics among rural migrants in China. Most of the model results lend support to our hypotheses concerning the gendered job mobility patterns of rural migrants. We find that migrant women are less likely to change jobs for work-related reasons and more likely to engage in family-centered job mobility. Results of fixed-effects models of monthly wage further reveal that the positive effect of work-centered job mobility on rural migrants’ wages is smaller for migrant women. We also find that marriage does not disadvantage migrant women more than men in either work centred or family centred job mobility, and that there is a declining trend of female disadvantage in family-centered job mobility, which all points to the transformative role migration plays for rural migrants.
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Yıldırım, Mustafa. "CROSS-BORDER CARE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MIGRANT HEALTH POLICIES IN TURKEY AND THE EUROPEAN UNION." Global Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 02, no. 10 (October 4, 2023): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/gjhss-social-321.
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This comparative analysis examines the health policies for migrants in Turkey and European Union (EU) countries, shedding light on the challenges and opportunities inherent in cross-border care. Migrant health policies play a crucial role in addressing the healthcare needs of diverse migrant populations and promoting public health equity. Drawing upon a review of existing literature, policy documents, and empirical data, this study elucidates the key features, strengths, and limitations of health policies targeting migrants in Turkey and selected EU member states. Through a comparative lens, it explores differences in access to healthcare services, eligibility criteria, service delivery models, and the integration of migrants into national health systems. Moreover, the analysis identifies common trends, best practices, and areas for improvement in migrant health policy development and implementation across the studied contexts. By critically evaluating policy approaches and outcomes, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding migrant healthcare and offers insights for enhancing policy effectiveness and promoting health equity for migrant populations.
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Agarwal, Monika, Sugandha Jauhari, and Rahul Chaturvedi. "Health of Migrants’ Children Living in Lucknow City: A Community-Based Study." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 13, no. 4 (April 21, 2023): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20230420.
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Background: Migrant workers suffer poor health due to underutilization of existing health services on account of their floating status, they are missed out on very basic registrations for health services like immunization, ANC visits, supplementary nutrition for mother and eventually the child. They form a major chunk of population that is skipped from ongoing attempts of universal health coverage and especially the children become vulnerable. Objectives: To study the Immunization and Nutritional Status of migrant children of Lucknow and determine their environmental and living conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 217 intrastate and 183 interstate migrant workers in Lucknow. All randomly selected children 6-59 months of age paired with their mothers were the study population. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for interview. Length and Height of the migrant child were measured using horizontal and vertical wooden scale respectively. Weight was measured using seca weighing scale. Results: Majority of children in these settings were in the age group of 6-12 months (55.8%). 98.4% of interstate and 95.4% of intrastate migrants do not have an immunization card of the child. Only 14.8% of the total children had fully immunized status appropriate to age. It was noted that among children of the interstate migrants, 31.7% were underweight and 25.7% had SAM while among children of the intrastate migrants 33.6% were underweight and 17.5% had SAM. Wasting was present in 40.0% children out of the total, while 33.1% of the total children were stunted. 73.2 of the interstate migrants and 84.3% of the intrastate migrants were living in a kutcha house. A strikingly high percentage of 91.8% interstate and 90.8% intrastate migrants were still resorting to open field defecation. None of the houses had a separate kitchen. Conclusion: The immunization and nutritional status of the migrant children was very low and poor. The living conditions of the migrant families were also below par. There is an urgent need of effective health policies for the migrant children to ensure their well-being. Key words: Migrant workers, Urbanization, Stunting, Wasting
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Paolillo, Rocco, and Wander Jager. "Simulating Acculturation Dynamics Between Migrants and Locals in Relation to Network Formation." Social Science Computer Review 38, no. 4 (January 21, 2019): 365–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894439318821678.
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International migration implies the coexistence of different ethnic and cultural groups in the receiving country. The refugee crisis of 2015 has resulted in critical levels of opinion polarization on the question of whether to welcome migrants causing clashes in receiving countries. This scenario emphasizes the need to better understand the dynamics of mutual adaptation between locals and migrants and the conditions that favor successful integration. Agent-based simulations can help achieve this goal. In this work, we introduce our model MigrAgent and our preliminary results. The model synthesizes the dynamics of migration intake and postmigration adaptation. It explores the different acculturation outcomes that can emerge from the mutual adaptation of a migrant population and a local population depending on their degree of tolerance. With parameter sweeping, we detect how different acculturation strategies can coexist in a society and in different degrees among various subgroups. The results show higher polarization effects between a local population and a migrant population for fast intake conditions. When migrant intake is slow, transitory conditions between acculturation outcomes emerge for subgroups, for example, from assimilation to integration for liberal migrants and from marginalization to separation for conservative migrants. Relative group sizes due to speed of intake cause counterintuitive scenarios such as the separation of liberal locals. We qualitatively compare the processes of our model with the German portion sample of the survey “Causes and Consequences of Socio-Cultural Integration Processes Among New Immigrants in Europe,” finding preliminary confirmation of our assumptions and results.
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Villalobos-Rodelo, Juan José, Martha Mendoza-Rodríguez, Rosalina Islas-Zarazúa, Sonia Márquez-Rodríguez, Mariana Mora-Acosta, América Patricia Pontigo-Loyola, María de Lourdes Márquez-Corona, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís, and Gerardo Maupomé. "Experience and Prevalence of Dental Caries in 6 to 12-Year-Old School Children in an Agricultural Community: A Cross-Sectional Study." Children 8, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8020099.
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Objective: To describe the experience and prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren aged 6–12 years belonging to agricultural manual worker households. Material and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in two groups of schoolchildren: One considered “children of agricultural worker migrant parents” (n = 157) and the other “children of agricultural worker non-migrant parents” (n = 164). Epidemiological indices for dental caries were calculated for primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) dentitions, and compared in terms of age, sex, and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI). Two binary logistic regression models for caries prevalence in primary and permanent dentitions were generated in Stata. Results: For primary dentition, we observed the following dmft index: Non-migrants = 1.73 ± 2.18 vs. migrants = 1.68 ± 2.14. Additionally, we recorded the following caries prevalence: Non-migrants = 59.1% vs. migrants = 51.3%. For permanent dentition, we observed the following DMFT index: Non-migrants = 0.32 ± 0.81 vs. migrants = 0.29 ± 0.95. Further, we recorded the following caries prevalence: Non-migrants = 17.6% vs. migrants = 12.8%. No differences were observed for either dentition (p > 0.05) in caries indices and their components or in caries prevalence. When both caries indices (dmft and DMFT) were combined, the non-migrant group had a higher level of caries experience than the migrant group (p < 0.05). No relationship (p > 0.05) with migrant status was observed in either multivariate models of caries prevalence. However, age did exhibit an association (p < 0.05) with caries. Only the plaque component of SOHI was associated (p < 0.05) with caries in permanent dentition. Conclusions: Although over half of school children from agricultural manual worker households had caries in either or both dentitions and a considerable proportion were untreated lesions, the prevalence levels were somewhat lower than other reports from Mexico in similar age groups. No statistically significant differences were found in caries experience or prevalence in either dentition between non-migrant and migrant groups.
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Rohimi, Rohimi. "Assitance of Female Migrant Workers (Case Study of the Migrant Workers Care Village Program (Desbumi) in Darek Village, Southwest Praya District, Central Lombok Regency)." HUMANISMA : Journal of Gender Studies 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/humanisme.v5i2.3921.
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<p><em>In this study, researchers examined the role of the Village Care for Migrant Workers (Desbumi) program in mentoring female migrant workers in Darek Village, Praya Barat Daya District, Central Lombok Regency. This research is field research with data collection steps, namely interviews, documentation and observation. Therefore, this research aims o find out female migrant worker assistance patterns through the Desbumi program in Darek Village, Praya Barat Daya District, Central Lombok Regency. The results and discussion in this study are that the Desbumi program has three roles. First. Information center provides information to migrant workers about safe and legal migration (safety migrations). Second is the mobility data center, which assists prospective migrant workers in arranging migration filings at the village office. Third, the center for case advocacy, namely the role in providing protection and assistance to migrant workers who experience problems abroad.</em> <em>Meanwhile, the pattern of assisting female migrant workers in the Desbumi program approach is namely. First, pre-work mentoring, namely conducting socialization to the community by bringing migration flyers that have been given by Migrant Care and from the BNP2TKI office in Central Lombok Regency. It then provides an opportunity for people to ask questions about safe migration. Second, after work assistance, the Desbumi program can carry out consolidation and integration with Migrant Care, PPK and BNP2TKI if they encounter problems with migrant workers abroad. Furthermore, they confirm through social media with the Desbumi program in Darek Village, Praya Barat Daya District, Central Lombok Regency. Third, post-work mentoring, where former migrant workers are empowered in the village with various empowerment approaches. These approaches included making crackers, chips, sewing training and soft skills activities supported by the village government, Migrant Care, the Mataram City Panca Karsa Association (PPK), and BNP2TKI Central Lombok Regency </em></p><p> </p><p>Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengkaji peran dari program Desa Peduli Buruh Migran (Desbumi) dalam pendampingan buruh migrant perempuan di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan langkah pengumpulan data yakni wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Oleh karenaitu, tujuan dalam penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola pendampingan buruh migrant perempuan melalui program Desbumi di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Hasil dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini yakni, bahwasannya program Desbumi memiliki tiga peran seperti. Pertama. Pusat Informasi yakni untuk memberikan informasi pada buruh migrant tentang bermigrasi yang aman yang legal. Kedua, pusat data mobilitas yakni untuk membantu calon buruh migrant mengurus pemberkasan migrasi di kantor desa. Ketiga, pusat advokasi kasus yakni peran dalam memberikan perlindungan dan pendampingan pada buruh migran yang mengalami permasalahan di luar negeri. Sedangkan pola pendampingan buruh migrant perempuan dalam pendekatan program Desbumi yakni. Pertama, pendampingan sebelum bekerja yakni melakukan sosialisasi ke masyarakat dengan membawa pamphlet migrasi yang sudah diberikan oleh pihak Migrant Care serta dari kantor BNP2TKI Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Kemudian memberikan kesempatan bagi masyarakat untuk bertanya tentang migrasi yang aman. Kedua, pendampingan setelah bekerja yakni program Desbumi dapat melakukan dengan konsolidasi dan integrasi dengan Migran Care, PPK dan BNP2TKI jika menerima problematika buruh migran di luar negeri, dan melakukan konfirmasi melalui media social dengan adanya program Desbumi di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Ketiga, pendampingan purna bekerja yakni mantan buruh migrant diperdayakan di desa dengan berbagai pendekatan pemberdayaan yakni pembuatan kerupuk, keripik, pelatihan menjahit dan kegiatan soft skill yang di dukung oleh pemerintah desa, pihak Migran Care, pihak Perkumpulan Panca Karsa (PPK) Kota Mataram, dan BNP2TKI Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mengkaji peran dari program Desa Peduli Buruh Migran (Desbumi) dalam pendampingan buruh migrant perempuan di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan langkah pengumpulan data yakni wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Oleh karenaitu, tujuan dalam penelitian ini yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola pendampingan buruh migrant perempuan melalui program Desbumi di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Hasil dan pembahasan dalam penelitian ini yakni, bahwasannya program Desbumi memiliki tiga peran seperti. Pertama. Pusat Informasi yakni untuk memberikan informasi pada buruh migrant tentang bermigrasi yang aman yang legal. Kedua, pusat data mobilitas yakni untuk membantu calon buruh migrant mengurus pemberkasan migrasi di kantor desa. Ketiga, pusat advokasi kasus yakni peran dalam memberikan perlindungan dan pendampingan pada buruh migran yang mengalami permasalahan di luar negeri. Sedangkan pola pendampingan buruh migrant perempuan dalam pendekatan program Desbumi yakni. Pertama, pendampingan sebelum bekerja yakni melakukan sosialisasi ke masyarakat dengan membawa pamphlet migrasi yang sudah diberikan oleh pihak Migrant Care serta dari kantor BNP2TKI Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Kemudian memberikan kesempatan bagi masyarakat untuk bertanya tentang migrasi yang aman. Kedua, pendampingan setelah bekerja yakni program Desbumi dapat melakukan dengan konsolidasi dan integrasi dengan Migran Care, PPK dan BNP2TKI jika menerima problematika buruh migran di luar negeri, dan melakukan konfirmasi melalui media social dengan adanya program Desbumi di Desa Darek Kecamatan Praya Barat Daya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Ketiga, pendampingan purna bekerja yakni mantan buruh migrant diperdayakan di desa dengan berbagai pendekatan pemberdayaan yakni pembuatan kerupuk, keripik, pelatihan menjahit dan kegiatan soft skill yang di dukung oleh pemerintah desa, pihak Migran Care, pihak Perkumpulan Panca Karsa (PPK) Kota Mataram, dan BNP2TKI Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. </p>