Journal articles on the topic 'Migrant labour'
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Pohorielova, O. "INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATION OF MIGRANT WORKERS LABOR." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 108 (2019): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2019/1.108-4.
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Currently, in Ukraine there is increase of process of labour migration of Ukrainian citizens abroad. In connection with what there is necessity of proper regulation of labour activity of migrant workers, implementation of measures to comply with international legal standards in the field of labour, implementation of measures regarding increase of the level of social protection of Ukrainian citizens traveling abroad and in case of their return from abroad. The methodology is based on the general scientific dialectical method of cognition. Also, number of scientific methods were used. Legal regulation of labor migrants from Ukraine abroad was considered due to methods of analysis and synthesis. The directions of improving legal regulation of labor and social protection of migrant workers were identified by using structural and logical methods. Forms and methods of formal logic were widely used in the work: concepts, definitions, proofs, judgments, analogy, comparisons, generalizations, et The aim of the article is to explore the mechanism of legal regulation of labour of migrants workers and identify ways of increase the level of social protection of Ukrainian citizens who are migrants workers. To achieve the goal the author analyzed the most important international legal acts that regulate legal migration. In the article the concept of migrant worker was analyzed and identified what kind of migrants is included to migrant worker. Particular attention is paid to analyses of bilateral agreements concluded by Ukraine with other countries on the employment and social protection of migrants. Content was determined of the employment contract and its role in regulating the legal relations of migrant workers with foreign employers. The basic guarantees of social protection of migrant. In the article the author determined the necessity Ukraine joins to the main international conventions that regulate labor migration issues, the provisions of which should be the basis for the legal regulation of labor migrants' activity and ensuring their rights are respected. The necessity to conclude bilateral interstate agreements on regulating the employment processes of Ukrainian citizens abroad, guarantees that arise in the course of labor activity of migrant workers and social security issues, was determined. First of all, such agreements should be concluded with the countries with the highest number of migrant workers.
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Bowman, Glenn. "`Migrant labour'." Anthropological Theory 2, no. 4 (December 2002): 447–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14634990260620558.
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Könönen, Jukka. "Becoming a ‘Labour Migrant’: Immigration Regulations as a Frame of Reference for Migrant Employment." Work, Employment and Society 33, no. 5 (March 18, 2019): 777–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019835133.
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This article addresses the role of immigration regulations as a frame of reference for migrant employment before obtaining permanent residency status. Drawing on interviews with non-EU migrants and service sector employers in the Helsinki area, the article examines how immigration regulations inform migrant employment and contribute to the hierarchisation of labour markets. The analysis focuses on the legal significance of employment for migrants during the immigration process, which is related to the financial requirements for residence permits and manifested in the work permit process in particular. Immigration regulations increase migrants’ dependency on paid employment, consequently decreasing their bargaining power in the labour market. The findings demonstrate the changing dynamics of the supply and demand of labour in the low-paid service sector, where employers prefer to recruit migrants in temporary legal positions over local workers and ‘labour migrants’, resulting in what the author calls the juridical division of labour.
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Oliveira, Allison Bezerra, Daniely Lima Silva, and Maria da Conceição Mesquita Leal. "Indústria extrativista e mobilidade do capital e do trabalho na Amazônia Legal maranhense." Caderno de Geografia 29, no. 2 (August 29, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2318-2962.2019v29n2p1-17.
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Discute-se neste artigo a dinâmica recente de mobilidade do capital e do trabalho na Amazônia Legal maranhense mediante a implantação da Suzano Papel e Celulose em Imperatriz. Considera-se dois grandes grupos para a mobilidade do trabalho: o migrante laboral temporário, pouco qualificado e destinado a atuar na construção da fábrica, e o migrante permanente, com maior nível de formação, destinado a atuar no funcionamento da fábrica. Foram produzidos mapas e gráficos conceituais, comparando os períodos anterior e posterior à implantação fabril, com dados coletados na Relação Anual de Informações Sociais do MTE (2018) e no Programa de Disseminação das Estatísticas do Trabalho do MTE (2018), ambos vinculados ao Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego. Os resultados sugerem que, como outrora, os grandes projetos extrativistas fincados no Maranhão tendem a atrair migrantes em busca de emprego e renda, contribuindo para que essa seja uma das características da formação socioeconômica do estado.Palavras-chave: Fluxos migratórios, mobilidade do capital, Amazônia Legal, Maranhão.Abstract This article discusses the recent dynamics of capital and labour mobility in the Legal Amazon of Maranhão through the implementation of Suzano Papel e Celulose in Imperatriz. Two large groups are considered for labour mobility: the temporary, low-skilled labour migrant and the permanent migrant, with a higher level of training, to work in the factory. Based on data collected in MTE's Annual Social Information Report (2018) and MTE's Labor Statistics Dissemination Program (2018), both maps were linked to the Ministry of Labor Statistics of Labor and Employment. The results suggest that, as in the past, the large extractive projects in Maranhão tend to attract migrants in search of jobs and income, contributing to this being one of the characteristics of the socioeconomic formation of the state.Keywords: Migration flows, Capital mobility, Legal Amazon, Maranhão.
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Alipio, Cheryll. "Lives Lived in “Someone Else's Hands”: Precarity and Profit-making of Migrants and Left-behind Children in the Philippines." TRaNS: Trans -Regional and -National Studies of Southeast Asia 7, no. 1 (May 2019): 135–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/trn.2019.6.
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AbstractIn the labour brokerage state of systematic recruitment and export for the maximisation of labour, development, and profit, the Philippines continues to simultaneously fashion migrant workers as temporary, yet heroic and sacrificial. As the largest migrant-sending country in Southeast Asia and the third largest remittance recipient in Asia, the Philippines’ discourse of migrants as modern-day heroes and martyrs reveals the interplay of nationalist myths and cultural values, alongside the neoliberal favouring of finance and flexible labour, to craft filial migrants and celebrate mobile, capitalist subjects over migrants’ welfare and well-being. The article explores the contemporaneous institutionalisation of migrant labour and migrants’ institutionalised uncertainty lived every day to investigate how this profound precariousness in the Philippines is perpetuated historically to shape the resilience and realities of migrants and their left-behind children today. Drawing from news reports and films on migrant lives and ethnographic fieldwork in the Philippines, this article considers how the formation and deployment of overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) turns from a focus on sustaining the nation to supporting migrant families and developing translocal communities. Through this examination, the paper seeks to uncover who profits and is indebted from the precarity created and sustained by the larger economic system built on transnational labour migration.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur. "Beyond labour migration: The making of migrant enterprises in Saudi Arabia." International Sociology 33, no. 1 (December 13, 2017): 86–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580917745770.
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Migrant labour has been an integral part of the social and economic fabric of the Gulf societies. While labour migration has affected many aspects of the lives of migrants and their receiving states in the Gulf, one of the most visible but often neglected migration outcomes is the development of migrant-operated businesses across the Gulf states. Evidently, many of these businesses are owned and run by migrants in collaboration with kafeels. Drawing on the experiences of Bangladeshi migrant entrepreneurs in Saudi Arabia, this article explores the dynamics of Gulf migration, by identifying the transition from migrant worker to migrant entrepreneur, and explaining the making of migrant entrepreneurship within the temporary migration process. The study suggests that migrant entrepreneurship is embedded within the dynamics of the migration trajectory and the broader factors on which this depends. Notwithstanding their marginal character, the Bangladeshi enterprises in this study have flourished because of migrants’ willingness to embrace innovation. The article concludes with a call for identifying the best way to recognize migrant entrepreneurs’ contribution to economic development in Saudi Arabia.
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de Lima, Philomena, and Sharon Wright. "Welcoming Migrants? Migrant Labour in Rural Scotland." Social Policy and Society 8, no. 3 (July 2009): 391–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746409004941.
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For a decade, Scotland has had a declining natural population, dispersed throughout a diverse geography, including remote highlands and islands, which presents a policy making context that is very different from other parts of the UK. Rural Scotland accounts for 95% of Scotland's landmass and only 18% of the population (Scottish Government 2008). In particular, the familiar challenges, presented by the combination of population ageing with below-replacement level fertility rates, have, until 2007, been reinforced by the extent of out-migration amongst people of working age. Evidence suggests that following EU enlargement in 2004, rural areas have experienced an influx of labour migrants from Central and Eastern European countries on an unprecedented scale. Whilst such large-scale migration into rural communities has provided a major challenge for public service provision and ‘social integration’, it has also addressed local labour market shortages and created opportunities for regeneration. This article explores critical questions about the role and impact of migrant labour in rural communities in Scotland and the role of agencies in addressing the needs of all rural residents.
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WEBSTER, EDDIE. "Rethinking Migrant Labour." South African Historical Journal 28, no. 1 (May 1993): 292–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582479308671979.
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Flynn, Don. "Some Useful Sources." Social Policy and Society 16, no. 4 (September 12, 2017): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000288.
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Networks and projects around the theme of migrants in the labour market can be discussed under the following headings: 1.Trade union-based initiatives2.Migrant community-based initiatives3.Issues of acknowledged concern that generate national responses (forced labour, trafficked workers, undocumented migrant workers, etc.).
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Ballarino, Gabriele, and Nazareno Panichella. "The occupational integration of migrant women in Western European labour markets." Acta Sociologica 61, no. 2 (August 29, 2017): 126–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699317723441.
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This paper studies the integration of migrant women in six European labour markets, highlighting how their migration penalty is related to the family’s migration dynamics and to the husband’s occupational condition. In order to compare the labour market outcomes of native and migrant women, Linear Probability Models are estimated using EU–LFS data. Results show that migrant women are penalized everywhere. However, in the Mediterranean labour markets their employment penalty is lower, while the penalty concerning job quality, conditional on employment, is relatively severe. Regarding the role of family migration, results show that: tied-movers women were disadvantaged with respect to both natives and other migrants; those migrants whose partners were unemployed or had low-quality jobs were more likely to find a job than those whose husbands had a good occupational condition. Both patterns were stronger in Mediterranean labour markets.
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Knight, Julie. "The Complex Employment Experiences of Polish Migrants in the UK Labour Market." Sociological Research Online 19, no. 4 (December 2014): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.3520.
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Ten years after the most significant enlargement of the European Union (EU), academics and policymakers are still trying to understand the complexities and the experiences of the largest migrant group, the Poles. The main destination for the Polish migrants in the post-2004 period was the United Kingdom (UK). Significant attention has been paid to the economic and political implications of introducing a young, economically motivated migrant group to the UK, particularly during the recession. In regards to their work experience, the majority of the existing literature focuses on Polish migrants who take low-skilled positions when initially entering the UK and, as a result, contribute to the migrant paradox with high-skilled migrants taking low-skilled positions. This article will contribute to the other literature, which focuses on the Polish migrants’ ascent up the division of labour in the non-ethnic economy of the destination country. Using data gathered through semi-structured interviews with post-enlargement Polish migrants in 2008 and 2011 in Cardiff, this ascent, and the migrants’ work experience, is charted through migrant trajectories that were constructed from similarities identified in the sample. The findings highlight that not all of the Polish migrants in the UK may be contributing to the migrant paradox with several low-skilled migrants advancing up the division of labour. These findings have implications for migration policy at both the EU and the national level, particularly with the continued enlargement of the EU.
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Ayuwat, Dusadee, Wanichcha Narongchai, Adirek Rengmanawong, and Nattawat Auraiampai. "Happiness perspective of migrant labor households in the northeast, Thailand." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.10 (April 2, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.10.10963.
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This research focused on happiness perspectives of the migrant labour households in the Northeast, Thailand. The study relied on the qualitative methodology. The in-depth interview was conducted with key informants: village headman, senior persons, local officers and twelve heads of the international migrant households who had variation of migration patterns, selected by snowball techniques in one village within the O-lo District, Chaiyaphum Province. Data collection was done during April to May, 2017. The results were descriptive content analysis technique. The results indicated that most of the migrant labour households were farmers, grew rice and sugarcane and produced handicraft. Male labourers were the main group of the international migrants. The migrant labour households had only one labourer working abroad, with 2-month to10-year period of migration. The migration method that the labourers used in many destinations were through companies, brokers, the Department of Employment, or themselves. The migrant labour households defined happiness as good relationship within households, financial security, ability to manage debt and tension, household members being in good health, good relationship with others households, and safe and convenient life. The method of finding jobs abroad was related to working security of migrant labourers and happiness of the migrant labour households.
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Tierney, Robert. "Inter‐ethnic and labour‐community coalitions in class struggle in Taiwan since the advent of temporary immigration." Journal of Organizational Change Management 21, no. 4 (July 4, 2008): 482–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09534810810884876.
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PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the class dimensions of racism in Taiwan against temporary migrant workers and migrants' efforts to build inter‐ethnic and labour‐community coalitions in struggle against racism.Design/methodology/approachAn important source of data for this study were the unstructured interview. Between September 2000 and December 2005, more than 50 temporary migrants and their support groups in Taiwan were interviewed, specifically about migrants' experiences of racism and their resistance strategies. These interviews were conducted face‐to‐face, sometimes with the assistance of translators. Between 2001 and 2007, some 70 people were interviewed by telephone, between Australia and Taiwan.FindingsIn Taiwan, temporary migrants suffer the racism of exploitation in that capital and the state “racially” categorize them as suitable only for the lowest paid and least appealing jobs. Migrants also suffer neglect by and exclusion from the labour unions. However, migrants have succeeded, on occasions, in class mobilization by building powerful inter‐ethnic ties as well as coalitions with some labor unions, local organizations and human rights lobbies.Research limitations/implicationsThe research raises implications for understanding the economic, social and political conditions which influence the emergence of inter‐ethnic bonds and labour‐community coalitions in class struggle.Practical implicationsThe research will contribute to a greater appreciation among Taiwan's labour activists of the real subordination of temporary migrant labour to capital and of the benefits of supporting migrants' mobilization efforts. These benefits can flow not only to migrants but also to the labour unions.Originality/valueA significant body of academic literature has recently emerged on temporary and illegal migrants' efforts to engage the union movements of industrialized host countries. There is a dearth, however, of academic research on the capacity of temporary migrants to invigorate union activism in Asia, including Taiwan.
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Xie, Pengxin, Fuxi Wang, and Yanyuan Cheng. "How did Chinese migrant workers fare in labour dispute mediation? Differentiated legal protection and the moderating role of the nature of dispute." Journal of Industrial Relations 59, no. 5 (July 18, 2017): 611–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185617716730.
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This study examines the differences between migrant and urban workers in labour dispute mediation and the moderating role of the nature of the dispute (direct work-related vs indirect work-related disputes). Combining power-dependence theory and social stratification theory, our analysis reveals how migrant workers’ lack of citizen rights harms their mediation capabilities. Drawing on archival data on individual labour dispute cases from 2011 to 2015 in the Beijing Labour Mediation Centre (10,515 cases in total), we find that migrant workers with low power are more likely to make great concessions in mediation, and their mediation agreements are less likely to be executed immediately by employers than are those of urban workers. However, when the dispute is directly work related, the difference between migrant and urban workers in concession making is less prominent than when the dispute is indirectly work related. These findings enrich our understanding of both migrants and labour dispute resolution.
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Mehra, Shruti. "A Financial Analysis of Ludhiana’s Migrant Labour." Social Change 47, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085716683108.
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This study focuses overall on the financial health of industrial migrant labour working in the industrial units of Ludhiana city in terms of their income, consumption, expenditure, savings and remittance. Our survey reveals that the average annual income of these labourers was ₹35,112 while their average annual saving was ₹7,548 and their average annual remittance was ₹5,786. About two-thirds of the total industrial migrant labour surveyed remitted their entire savings. The meagre amount of their savings highlights the plight of this labour and their families back home. Indebtedness was identified as the most common reason for the remittance of money. But compared to their local counterparts, it seems that migrants experienced an improvement in their standards of living after they migrated.
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Krivonos, Daria. "The making of gendered ‘migrant workers’ in youth activation: The case of young Russian-speakers in Finland." Current Sociology 67, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 401–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011392118824363.
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The article focuses on young Russian-speaking migrants’ day-to-day institutional encounters with labour market activation policies in Finland. The analysis contributes to the discussion on labour activation through analysing the workings of gender, migration and racialisation in welfare encounters through ethnographically grounded research. The argument of the article is two-fold. First, it argues that migrant and racialised minority populations are sustained in a ‘migrant worker’ subject position not only through exclusion from rights and legal status, but also through the targeted inclusion of the ‘undeserving’ poor with formal rights into worker-citizenship through workfare. Second, the article shows racialisation of ‘migrant workers’ as a gendered process with essentialised gendered logics of what skills migrant men and women supposedly possess ‘naturally’. Activation thus maintains and exacerbates the segregation of migrant and racialised youth into gendered and racialised labour markets. The analysis is based on ethnographic fieldwork in youth career counselling in a metropolitan area of Finland in 2015–2016.
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Zapata-Barrero, Ricard, Rocío Faúndez García, and Elena Sánchez-Montijano. "Circular Temporary Labour Migration: Reassessing Established Public Policies." International Journal of Population Research 2012 (September 16, 2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/498158.
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Circular Temporary Labour Migration (CTLM) is being promoted as an innovative and viable way of regulating the flow of labour migrants. Based on a specific empirical case study, we identify an unexpected outcome of CTLM programmes: the emergence of a new empirical migrant category, the circular labour migrant, which is as yet theoretically unnamed and lacks recognition by public institutions. We argue that, to date, there have been two historical phases of circular labour migration: one with total deregulation and another with partial regulation, involving private actors supported by public institutions. In a developed welfare state context, it would be normatively pertinent to expect a step towards a third phase, involving the institutionalization of this new trend in mobility by the formulation of a public policy. Current legal, political, social, and economic frameworks have to be reassessed in order to recognise the category of the circular labour migrant.
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Babar, Zahra. "The “Humane Economy”: Migrant Labour and Islam in Qatar and the uae." Sociology of Islam 5, no. 2-3 (June 21, 2017): 200–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131418-00503004.
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The Gulf region has emerged as one of the largest hubs of international migration and more recently has also become a site of contestation for debates over the treatment of international labour migrants. This paper reviews the labour migration system in Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, studies the unfolding human rights discourse on Gulf migration, and examines how Islamic principles might be applied to the labour reforms taking place in these countries. The paper suggests that there is a fragmented landscape around the human rights discourse of migrant workers globally. There are also tensions around the adoption of international human rights norms as a framework for addressing the vulnerabilities of Gulf migrants. In conclusion, the paper argues that the category of current Gulf labour migrant is best served if placed within the Islamic view of how an ethical economy ought to function. Islamic precepts on the ‘humane’ economy can serve to provide guidance on how to balance the interests of workers and employers, and elevate the standards for migrant workers’ rights in this region.
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Wright, Chris F., and Stephen Clibborn. "Migrant labour and low-quality work: A persistent relationship." Journal of Industrial Relations 61, no. 2 (April 2019): 157–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022185618824137.
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The marginalisation of migrants at work, especially those in industries and occupations characterised by low wages and low-skilled jobs, is a critical issue for scholarship, policy and practice. While the bulk of migration-related research and theory comes from other disciplines, the insights of employment relations perspectives are particularly valuable in explaining why vulnerability to marginalisation and mistreatment is so persistent for these groups of migrants. We explore this issue by reviewing the reasons why migrant workers, especially newly arrived and temporary migrants, are more vulnerable than other groups of workers, examining worker-focused, employer-focused and state-focused scholarship on this issue. After providing an overview of the articles published in the Journal of Industrial Relations special issue on ‘Migration and Work’, which relate to the theme of the persistent relationship between migrant labour and low-quality work, this introductory article uses insights drawn from our review to propose an agenda for future research.
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Li, Zhen, and Zai Liang. "Gender and job mobility among rural to urban temporary migrants in the Pearl River Delta in China." Urban Studies 53, no. 16 (July 20, 2016): 3455–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098015615747.
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Previous studies have found that there is a female disadvantage among rural migrants in the urban labour market in China. It remains unclear whether migrant women also lag behind migrant men in job mobility, an important channel for rural migrants to improve their labour market outcomes. Using data from a large-scale survey conducted in the Pearl River Delta region, one of the most important migration destinations in China, we examine gender gaps in job mobility of rural migrants from 1979 to 2006. Focusing on job mobility, this paper sheds new light on the changing gender dynamics among rural migrants in China. Most of the model results lend support to our hypotheses concerning the gendered job mobility patterns of rural migrants. We find that migrant women are less likely to change jobs for work-related reasons and more likely to engage in family-centered job mobility. Results of fixed-effects models of monthly wage further reveal that the positive effect of work-centered job mobility on rural migrants’ wages is smaller for migrant women. We also find that marriage does not disadvantage migrant women more than men in either work centred or family centred job mobility, and that there is a declining trend of female disadvantage in family-centered job mobility, which all points to the transformative role migration plays for rural migrants.
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Nanda, Samir Kumar. "CHILD & LABOUR SCENARIO IN ODISHA." @rquivo Brasileiro de Educação 7, no. 15 (December 9, 2019): 76–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2318-7344.2018v7n15p75-102.
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Based upon research in the state of Odisha in India, this article describes the labour scenario in the state of Odisha during the last 82 years. Odisha became separate state on 1st April 1936. Eighty-two years since the momentous day, much has changed in the Labour relation, Juveniles, Child Labour problem & Migrant Workers of Odisha. This article also explains the magnitude of child labour and steps taken by the Government to eliminate child labour, formation of Labour Union, status of migrant workers and bonded labour in the state of Odisha. Here an effort has been made to analyse the status of child labours as well as other labours in Odisha. Identification of the area of concentration of child labour & evaluations of dimensions of the problem has been made.
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Bashyal, Keshav. "Labour Market Outcomes and Skill Endowment of Nepali Migrant Workers in India: Case of Uttar Pradesh and Delhi." Journal of International Affairs 3, no. 1 (May 24, 2020): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joia.v3i1.29087.
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Migration to India of Nepali workers is a historical phenomenon. Due to 'open border' and multidimensional inter-linkages, migration for work persists to this day. The importance and challenges of the labour market for Nepali migrants in India are yet to be recognized and studied. This study examines the existing skill endowments of Nepali migrant workers and strategies to enhance their labour market outcomes in India. The Indian labour market is fragile. Recruitment neither follows a strict rule or process nor are any specific skills required. From this standpoint, the situation of Nepali migrant workers is not much different than India’s internal migrants. However, Nepali migrants are neither well documented nor properly recruited in the labour markets of India. Because of their low level of education and lack of skill, they are deprived of good job opportunities and their income is also low. Most of the Nepali migrants are not netted in by the social security scheme of India. This study suggests that education; training for skills and social security benefits can go a long way in improving the labour market outcomes of the Nepali migrants.
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Stasiulis, Daiva. "Elimi(Nation): Canada’s “Post-Settler” Embrace of Disposable Migrant Labour." Studies in Social Justice 2020, no. 14 (March 26, 2020): 22–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v2020i14.2251.
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This article utilizes the lens of disposability to explore recent conditions of low-wage temporary migrant labour, whose numbers and economic sectors have expanded in the 21stcentury. A central argument is that disposability is a discursive and material relation of power that creates and reproduces invidious distinctions between the value of “legitimate” Canadian settler-citizens (and candidates for citizenship) and the lack of worth of undesirable migrant populations working in Canada, often for protracted periods of time. The analytical lens of migrant disposability draws upon theorizing within Marxian, critical modernity studies, and decolonizing settler colonial frameworks. This article explores the technologies of disposability that lay waste to low wage workers in sites such as immigration law and provincial/territorial employment legislation, the workplace, transport, living conditions, access to health care and the practice of medical repatriation of injured and ill migrant workers. The mounting evidence that disposability is immanent within low-wage migrant labour schemes in Canada has implications for migrant social justice. The failure to protect migrant workers from a vast array of harms reflects the historical foundations of Canada’s contemporary migrant worker schemes in an “inherited background field [of settler colonialism] within which market, racist, patriarchal and state relations converge” (Coulthard, 2014, p. 14). Incremental liberal reform has made little headway insofar as the administration and in some cases reversal of more progressive reforms such as guaranteed pathways to citizenship prioritize employers’ labour interests and the lives and health of primarily white, middle class Canadian citizens at the expense of a shunned and racialized but growing population of migrants from the global South. Transformational change and social justice for migrant workers can only occur by reversing the disposability and hyper-commodification intrinsic to low-wage migrant programs and granting full permanent legal status to migrant workers.
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Zorlu, Aslan. "Ethnic Disparities in the Graduate Labour Market." Economics Research International 2012 (April 26, 2012): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/836379.
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This paper examines ethnic wage differentials for the entire population of workers who enrolled for the first time as students at Dutch universities (WO) and colleges (HBO) in 1996 using unique administrative panel data for the period 1996 to 2005 from the Dutch tertiary education system. The study breaks down wage differentials into two components: a component which can be explained by the observed characteristics and an unexplained component. The analysis provides new evidence for the magnitude and the origin of ethnic wage differentials by gender. In general, ethnic wage gap is larger for migrant women than migrant men and larger for Western and Caribbean migrants than for Mediterranean migrants. Ethnic minority workers appear to have larger wage surpluses which is almost entirely explained by their observed favourable characteristics. Most notably, Mediterranean female graduates have significantly positive wage discrimination, while Western female graduates seem to face a small wage penalty.
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Mayes, Robyn. "‘We’re Sending you Back’: Temporary Skilled Labour Migration, Social Networks and Local Community." Migration, Mobility, & Displacement 3, no. 1 (August 24, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/mmd31201717074.
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This paper contributes to the emergent literature on the temporal and dynamic constitution of temporary skilled migrant networks, foregrounding under-researched interrelations between migrant and non-migrant networks. It does so through examination of the lived experience of transnational, temporary skilled labour migrants resident in Ravensthorpe in rural Western Australia (WA) who were confronted with the sudden closure of the mining operation where they were employed. As a result they faced imminent forced departure from Australia. Drawing on qualitative data collected in Ravensthorpe three weeks after the closure, this paper foregrounds the role of this shared, profoundly socially-disruptive event in the formation of a temporary, multi-ethnic migrant network and related interactions with a local network. Analysis of these social relations foregrounds the role of catalysing events and external prompts (beyond ethnicity and the migration act) in the formation of temporary migrant networks, along with the importance of local contexts, policy conditions and employer action. The social networks formed in Hopetoun, and associated mobilisation of social capital, confirm the potential and richness of non-migrant networks for shaping the migrant experience, and foreground the ways in which these interrelations in turn can shape the local experience of migration, just as it highlights the capacity of community groups to act as social and political allies for temporary migrants.that would require migrants to depart after a set number of years and instead recommend a pathway to permanent residence based on duration of stay.
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Devadason, Evelyn S., and Thirunaukarasu Subramaniam. "International capital inflows and labour immigration." International Journal of Social Economics 43, no. 12 (December 5, 2016): 1420–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-03-2015-0062.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between inward foreign direct investment (FDI) and unskilled immigrants for a panel of 23 manufacturing industries in Malaysia, spanning the period 1985-2009. Design/methodology/approach The paper establishes the causal FDI-immigrant links within a multivariate model framework for the period 2000-2009, and in a univariate context for 1985-1999 and 1985-2009. Findings Based on heterogeneous panel cointegration tests, there is a long-run equilibrium between inward FDI, unskilled migrant share, output growth, export intensity and market concentration. The long-run cointegrating coefficient based on the fully modified least squares estimator suggests the presence of unskilled migrant workers a significant location determinant for inward FDI for the first sub-period and the overall period. The results of the panel vector error correction model further attest to causal links between unskilled migrant worker presence and inward FDI in the short- and long run. Bidirectional causality between inward capital and labour flows is present in the first sub-period and unidirectional causal links from unskilled migrants to inward FDI is evident for the overall period. Research limitations/implications The observed FDI-immigration (unskilled) links in manufacturing support the argument that inward FDI is induced by unskilled migration. The study reveals that unskilled immigration increases FDI inflows or rather “capital chases labour” in terms of international factor mobility. Practical implications This has profound implications for public policy as the government seeks to reduce its dependence on migrant workers. Policy coordination is therefore needed between regulating inflows of foreign capital and foreign labour so that implemented policies do not pull in different directions and undermine Malaysia’s attractiveness as a destination for FDI. Originality/value The large presence of unskilled migrants, an intrinsic characteristic (based on the new trade theory that includes factor endowments) of Malaysia, seems to be largely ignored when explaining FDI inflows to manufacturing, particularly so when the siting of MNCs in this sector have traditionally been in light scale manufacturing.
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Reja, Md Selim, and Bhaswati Das. "Labour Migration Within India: Motivations and Social Networks." South Asia Research 39, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728019842018.
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Large-scale interstate labour migration within India is facilitated by the freedom of movement for citizens within this huge nation state. However, such internal labour migration within India remains largely unstudied and offers huge scope for gaining significant new knowledge. Focusing particularly on migrant construction workers from West Bengal moving to Kerala, this article specifically examines the motivations of these migrants and the role of social networks in the development of such migration streams. A field survey in Kerala indicates that Kerala’s Gulf connection and rapid demographic transition have resulted in significant reduction of local supplies of labour, thus attracting more migrants from other states in India due to better job opportunities, higher wages and good payment systems. Networks within migrant groups, especially friends’ contacts, are found to be the strongest factor in supporting this migration process.
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Bouali, Celia. "Facing Precarious Rights and Resisting EU ‘Migration Management’: South European Migrant Struggles in Berlin." Social Inclusion 6, no. 1 (March 29, 2018): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v6i1.1301.
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In this article, I trace struggles regarding EU internal mobility and migrant labour as they emerge in the mobilization of South European migrants in Berlin. The effects of the 2007–2008 financial crisis and European austerity politics have reoriented migration flows within the EU, increasing South-to-North migration with Germany as a prime destination. German public discourse on the matter reveals a view on (EU) migration that focuses on its economic ‘usefulness’ and tries to regulate it accordingly. EU citizenship turns out to be a key instrument of such EU internal ‘<em>migration management</em>’. The emergence of migrant activist groups, however, hints at another force at play. In their fight for social rights and better working conditions, migrant activists show they will not allow themselves to be easily ‘managed’ into precarious ‘productivity’. Against this background, I argue that EU internal mobility is a field of struggle where attempts to control migrant labour clash with moments of <em>autonomy</em> and resistance. My aim is to explore this field from a migration perspective, analysing rationales of EU <em>‘migration management’</em> and their impact on migrants’ lives as well as investigating the strategies that migrants develop in response. Based on an analysis of EU legislation and interviews with Italian activists in Berlin, I trace conflicts around EU internal mobility and migrant labour. Against the background of critical migration studies, I analyse EU internal <em>‘migration management’</em>, especially regarding the role of EU citizenship. Then, I look at EU migrant struggles in Berlin through the lens of <em>autonomy of migration</em>, drawing on the example of the Italian activist group <em>Berlin Migrant Strikers.</em>
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Umair, Muhammad, and Lubna Naz. "Gender Pay Gap Among Urban-Urban Migrant Workers: Pakistan's Two-Tier Urban Labor Market." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 20, no. 2 (September 8, 2020): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v20i2.518.
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Urban-urban migration has socio-economic and demographic consequences on the labor markets. It affects job mobility and gender-balance in the urban workplace. This study analyzes the gender wage gap among urban-urban migrant workers in Pakistan. The study used the most recent Labour Force Survey, a nationally representative dataset, to identify the determinants of wages for male and female migrant workers separately. The wages of urban-urban female migrants tend to be 45% lower than their male counterparts. The results indicated disparities in working hours and human capital endowment as some of the contributing factors to the increasing gender wage gap. This research calls for implementing drastic measures, i.e., gender-insensitive capacity building of urban migrant workers, workplace incentives for women, and enhancement of women leadership roles, to reduce gender inequalities in the urban labor market.
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Zhao, Menghan, and Yongai Jin. "Migrant Workers in Beijing: How Hometown Ties Affect Economic Outcomes." Work, Employment and Society 34, no. 5 (November 7, 2019): 789–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019870754.
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Migrant networks have long been regarded as helpful for facilitating migration and assimilation. However, research examining the influence of migrant networks on labour market outcomes for migrants has provided mixed results. This article investigates the impact of hometown ties on migrants’ labour market outcomes in the context of Chinese internal migration, by utilizing data from migrants in Beijing to perform statistical analyses of income and informal employment (i.e. employment without legal documents). After adjusting for the potential bias that results from the workers’ self-selectivity into the use of hometown ties in finding jobs, the analyses show that the hourly income of migrants is lower if they depend on hometown ties to find jobs. Also, migrants who rely on hometown ties for jobs are more likely to be informally employed, which has a detrimental effect on their overall welfare.
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Ryazantsev, S. V., I. N. Molodikova, and A. D. Bragin. "The effect of Covid-19 on labour migration in the CIS." Baltic Region 12, no. 4 (2020): 10–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2020-4-2.
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This study responds to the need for measures to mitigate the effects of national actions to slow the spread of Covid-19. National responses are dynamic processes and thus an elusive, albeit important, object of study. The governments of most CIS countries acted promptly and decisively in countering the pandemic. The comprehensive measures have had a serious impact on citizens’ mobility and employment situation. Among the affected are millions of migrants working in the CIS. This article offers a comparative analysis, followed by synthesis, of the negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic as seen through the prism of employment and the situation of migrant workers in the CIS. Another focus is the restriction and support measures and how they have affected migrants. A range of qualitative and quantitative data was collated on the situation of migrant workers during Covid-19 restriction in the Russian Federation and across the CIS. The findings suggest that the lack of international coordination in tackling Covid-19 has complicated the situation of migrant workers, who suffer from the closure of borders and the absence of adequate social support. The article explores problems faced by migrant workers in the current crisis and proposes measures to alleviate them.
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Ryazantsev, S. V., I. N. Molodikova, and A. D. Bragin. "The effect of Covid-19 on labour migration in the CIS." Baltic Region 12, no. 4 (2020): 10–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2020-4-2.
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This study responds to the need for measures to mitigate the effects of national actions to slow the spread of Covid-19. National responses are dynamic processes and thus an elusive, albeit important, object of study. The governments of most CIS countries acted promptly and decisively in countering the pandemic. The comprehensive measures have had a serious impact on citizens’ mobility and employment situation. Among the affected are millions of migrants working in the CIS. This article offers a comparative analysis, followed by synthesis, of the negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic as seen through the prism of employment and the situation of migrant workers in the CIS. Another focus is the restriction and support measures and how they have affected migrants. A range of qualitative and quantitative data was collated on the situation of migrant workers during Covid-19 restriction in the Russian Federation and across the CIS. The findings suggest that the lack of international coordination in tackling Covid-19 has complicated the situation of migrant workers, who suffer from the closure of borders and the absence of adequate social support. The article explores problems faced by migrant workers in the current crisis and proposes measures to alleviate them.
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Zwysen, Wouter. "Different Patterns of Labor Market Integration by Migration Motivation in Europe: The Role of Host Country Human Capital." International Migration Review 53, no. 1 (April 5, 2018): 59–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918318767929.
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We study whether the acquisition of host country human capital, such as obtaining equivalent qualifications, good language skills, or naturalization, explains differences in labor market integration between migrants depending on their initial motivation. We use cross-national European data from the 2008 ad hoc module of the Labour Force Survey to analyze migrant gaps in labor market participation, employment, occupational status, and precarious employment. We find that different rates of and returns to host country human capital explain a substantial part of the improvements in labor market outcomes with years of residence, particularly for noneconomic migrants who experience faster growth on average.
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SHUTES, ISABEL. "The Employment of Migrant Workers in Long-Term Care: Dynamics of Choice and Control." Journal of Social Policy 41, no. 1 (September 15, 2011): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279411000596.
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AbstractThe employment of migrant workers in long-term care is increasingly evident across western welfare states. This article examines the ways in which immigration controls shape the exercising of choice and control by migrant care workers over their labour. It draws on the findings of in-depth interviews with migrant care workers employed by residential and home care providers and by older people and their families in the UK. It is argued that the differential rights accorded to migrants on the basis of citizenship and immigration status shape, first, entry into particular types of care work, second, powers of ‘exit’ within work, and, third, ‘voice’ regarding the conditions under which care labour is provided.
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Xiang, Nan, and Yuxi Zhang. "Labour market performance of young migrant workers with heterogeneous educational trajectories in China." China Population and Development Studies 4, no. 3 (January 2021): 298–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42379-020-00074-2.
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AbstractSuccessful global cities present a spectrum of development strategies but share the benefit of the reciprocal dynamics between tailored education systems and matching labour markets. This paper examines burgeoning cities in China and investigates the effects of the heterogeneous educational trajectories of young migrant workers in urban China on their labour market performance. Drawing on the National Migrant Dynamics Monitoring Survey, this paper finds striking wage variations among the young migrant population. Migrant workers who attended high schools in current receiving cities earned less than their counterparts who received senior-secondary education elsewhere. Students following the academic track were better off than students following the vocational track. To further explore what has prevented the urban labour market from rewarding migrants who studied in a receiving city, where the education system is expected to better cater to the city’s specific industrial needs, we tested and found evidence of the mediating effects of job industry and occupation. In addition to engaging with empirical debates in the field, this paper develops a theoretical framework to model how the qualitative attributes of an education system affect wage variations among migrant workers.
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Churski, Paweł, Hanna Kroczak, Marta Łuczak, Olena Shelest-Szumilas, and Marcin Woźniak. "Adaptation Strategies of Migrant Workers from Ukraine during the COVID-19 Pandemic." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 26, 2021): 8337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158337.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching social and economic consequences. They are visible particularly in the functioning of local labour markets, affecting less privileged groups such as migrant workers, in a specific way. Here, our analysis aims to identify the strategies of adaptation of Ukrainian economic migrants to the changing situation in the local labour market in the Poznań agglomeration during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis relies on the results from quantitative research on changes in the demand for labour and adjustment of competence of immigrants to the Poznań agglomeration labour market throughout the pandemic and in the perspective of the nearest future, as well as on qualitative research conducted using the IDI (in-depth interviews) technique, carried out via the purposive sampling of 30 economically active Ukrainian migrant workers. The identified adaptation strategies are organised according to the assumptions of Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of capital(s). The capital of the researched group with respect to the labour market is treated as both the potential and resources the immigrants offer, produce, apply, and mutually convert in the implementation of their own adaptation strategies to the changing situation of the labour market. We extracted eight types of migrant adaptation strategies with respect to the labour market. These strategies differ in terms of objectives, resources, time perspectives, and other factors considered to be important from migrants’ perspectives. On the basis of interviews, we were able to assess the robustness of these strategies in view of economic shocks and identify the process of capital conversion and exchange.
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Mishra, Manamaya. "Effects of Foreign Labour Migration on Emigrants Households." Patan Pragya 5, no. 1 (September 30, 2019): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/pragya.v5i1.30453.
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Migration is a never ending issue in the world. This change of thinking about migration is drawn from the understanding that migration, if well managed, may generate important gains for both the host countries and the migrants’ countries of origin. Indeed, there is by now a growing consensus in policy circles that the management of the accelerating globalization process – including effective domestic adjustment posed by it necessitates a coherent approach to policymaking as well as increased co-operation with global partners. Gains tend to become more diffused within sending countries when labour markets are integrated; segmentation, either due to inadequate infrastructure or cultural and ethnic barriers, can restrict gains within migrant communities and might increase relative deprivation of non- migrant ones.
However, there exist cases are inequality -depending on which group the migrants are labour depletion. Moreover, migration may have both positive and negative social effects in terms of children’s education and health depending on changes in family composition and the role of women within the family and society. Remittance flows do benefit both the migrants’ households and the non recipient ones through multiplier effects of spending.
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Wills, Jane, Jon May, Kavita Datta, Yara Evans, Joanna Herbert, and Cathy McIlwaine. "London's Migrant Division of Labour." European Urban and Regional Studies 16, no. 3 (June 19, 2009): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969776409104692.
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Portes Virginio, Francis Vinicius, Brian Garvey, and Paul Stewart. "The perforated borders of labour migration and the formal state." Employee Relations 39, no. 3 (April 3, 2017): 391–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-03-2016-0061.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the variation in migrant labour market regimes and what these reveal about variant patterns of state and extra state regulation in two contemporary political economies. Design/methodology/approach Research based upon a participatory action research agenda in Mexico and the north of Ireland. Migrant workers and their families where involved in the project and its development. This included participation in the research design, its focus and purpose. Findings Migrant workers experiences of labour market subordination are part of wider processes of subordination and exclusion involving both the state, but also wider, often meta- and para-state, agents. In different locations, states and contexts, the precarity experienced by migrant workers and their families highlights the porosity of the formal rational legal state and moreover, in the current economic context, the compatibility of illegality and state sponsored neoliberal economic policies. Research limitations/implications It is important to extend this study to other geographic and political economy spaces. Practical implications The study challenges the limits of state agency suggesting the need for extra state, i.e. civil society, participation to support and defend migrant workers. Originality/value Notwithstanding the two very different socio-economic contexts, the paper reveals that the interaction, dependence and restructuring of migrant labour markets can be understood within the context of meta- and para-state activities that link neoliberal employment insecurities. Migrants’ experiences illustrate the extent to which even formal legal employment relations can also be sustained by para- and meta- (illegal and alegal) actions and institutions.
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Shelest-Szumilas, Olena. "Migrants in the Polish Labour Market – Challenges for Human Resources Management." Kwartalnik Ekonomistów i Menedżerów 51, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2351.
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The article addresses selected issues related to the migrant employment in Poland. It offers insight into the most important trends in the situation of migrant workers in the Polish labor market and discusses how observable changes will influence human resources management. The article begins with an overview of general situation of migrants in the labor market in Poland, which is based on the analysis of available statistical data. The second chapter presents and discusses briefly the potential challenges for human resources management in Polish enterprises.
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Agar, Celal Cahit, and Constantine Manolchev. "Migrant labour as space: Rhythmanalysing the agri-food industry." Organization 27, no. 2 (October 23, 2019): 251–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508419883379.
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The UK agri-food industry is heavily dependent on migrant labour and, as result, the position and experiences of migrant workers have remained topics of research interest for over a decade. To date, a prolific body of research in the organisation studies literature has addressed the subordinate and exploited position of migrants against a backdrop of precarious terms and conditions of work. Studies have also extolled the scope for worker mobility and resistance, as well as explored the intersectional and non-reductive complexity of migrant life. Although offering valuable insights, these literatures present a disembedded portrayal of the agri-food industry, studying its regulatory provisions, everyday routines and work patterns in abstraction from the spaces within which they occur. Existing research has failed to recognise these processes as modes of space production, in line with Henri Lefebvre’s trialectic framework. This issue of Organization enables us to bring empirical and theoretical insights into this often neglected area, pertaining both to the study of migrant labour spaces and the identification of the rhythms through which these spaces are produced. Accordingly, our study combines Rudolf Laban’s ‘ontology of rhythm’ and Henri Lefebvre’s ‘rhythmanalysis’ methodology. Aided by our own positionality as former agri-food workers, we show how regulating, connecting and ‘dressage’ rhythms intersect agri-food space in a process of relational and multifaceted ‘ordering’, rather than static order. We contribute to the organisation studies literature by conceptualising the missing, spatial dimension in the agri-food migrant industry and demonstrating the value of rhythmanalysis as an underutilised methodology for its continued study.
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Wright, Chris F., and Stephen Clibborn. "A guest-worker state? The declining power and agency of migrant labour in Australia." Economic and Labour Relations Review 31, no. 1 (January 29, 2020): 34–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304619897670.
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This article presents an historical and comparative analysis of the bargaining power and agency conferred upon migrant workers in Australia under distinct policy regimes. Through an assessment of four criteria – residency status, mobility, skill thresholds and institutional protections – we find that migrant workers arriving in Australia in the period from 1973 to 1996 had high levels of bargaining power and agency. Since 1996, migrant workers’ power and agency has been incrementally curtailed, to the extent that Australia’s labour immigration policy resembles a guest-worker regime where migrants’ rights are restricted, their capacity to bargain for decent working conditions with their employers is truncated and their agency to pursue opportunities available to citizens and permanent residents is diminished. In contrast to recent assessments that Australia’s temporary visa system is working effectively, our analysis indicates that it is failing to protect temporary migrants at work. JEL Codes: J24, J61, J83
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Randeria, Shalini, and Evangelos Karagiannis. "The Migrant Position: Dynamics of Political and Cultural Exclusion." Theory, Culture & Society 37, no. 7-8 (October 9, 2020): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276420957733.
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The lives and labour of migrants are increasingly shaped by political precarity and rightlessness in an unevenly globalized world. We argue that ‘undesirableness’ rather than mobility is constitutive of the ‘migrant’ position. Besides underscoring the asymmetrical power relations that define the position of the ‘migrant’ vis-à-vis the receiving state and society, an optic of ‘undesirableness’ also foregrounds the governmental techniques deployed to produce the figure of the ‘migrant’. We suggest that the framing of migrants as ‘unwanted’ is pivotal to the European non-entrée regime, which parallels cultural exclusion through an Orientalization of the discourse on migration. The immutable cultural alterity of the (Muslim) ‘migrant’ is thus presumed to pose a perennial threat to Western ‘liberal’ values. Two assumptions undergird this narrative of the ‘undesirable’ migrant as the quintessential ‘Other’ of the European Self: cultural determination of behaviour in migrant communities, and incompatibility of ‘migrant cultures’ with those of ‘host’ societies.
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Valenta, Ondřej, and Dušan Drbohlav. "Longitudinal and spatial perspectives on the mismatch of tertiary educated migrant workers in the Czech labour market: The case of Ukrainians." Moravian Geographical Reports 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgr-2018-0021.
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Abstract The topic of an education-occupation mismatch of tertiary educated migrant workers in receiving countries is an important issue in contemporary research in international migration, especially in the context of growing international economic competition. In this article, we analyse the level of mismatch of tertiary educated migrant workers in the Czech labour market, with a particular focus on Ukrainian workers. Using a unique set of statistical data, several conclusions can be drawn from a longitudinal approach, as well as multiple regression analysis in order to identify possible determinants of the mismatch at a district level. First, the mismatch of tertiary educated migrants does exist and is growing over time. Second, it seems that the level of mismatch is higher in economically progressive districts with higher numbers of qualified domestic and foreign workers, which creates a higher level of competition in the labour market. As a result, a relatively higher share of tertiary educated migrant workers end up over-educated in professions they find in the secondary labour market in these districts. Using the example of Ukrainians, the progression of tertiary educated migrants into the Czech labour market over time faces rather limited vertical mobility, with a slight progression to more skilled occupations. This can be related to the complexity of factors from individual to institutional levels of analysis.
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Mohn, Ferdinand A. "Marriage migration and the economic trajectories of first- and second-generation immigrants in Norway." Acta Sociologica 63, no. 3 (June 12, 2019): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699319841668.
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Although marriage migration is an important route for immigration to Western Europe, little is known about how it is associated with the labour market trajectories of the minority populations involved. Using longitudinal population registry data on residents from a non-Western migrant background in Norway, this study compares the employment and earnings of those who ‘marry back home’, with those who find a spouse among Norwegian residents with the same national origin background. Following individuals up to 10 years before and after their first marriage (279,527 observations between 1993 and 2010), distributed fixed effects estimations suggest that the labour market trajectory is weaker in the years after marriage for those who have married marriage migrants, albeit the differences are small for men. For women from the first generation, marrying a marriage migrant is associated with lower employment and earnings, progressively declining with time. For women from the second generation, this relative decrease only holds for the labour earnings of employed women. Supplementary analyses indicate that the falling labour market trajectories of women marrying marriage migrants are related to lower educational attainment, higher fertility and stronger associations between motherhood and the labour market.
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Yakshibaeva, G. V. "Labour migration and its impact on employment in the Republic of Bashkortostan." Voprosy regionalnoj ekonomiki 31, no. 2 (June 20, 2017): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21499/2078-4023-2017-31-2-67-74.
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The problem of providing the most efficient and rational selection, distribution, use of migrant workers, with regard to both internal and external migration in close relation to socio-economic and demographic interests of the state are currently of particular relevance. Scientific novelty of work consists in the identification of factors and directions of flows as departing and arriving labor migrants in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the characteristics of the development of labour migration and its impact on employment, which allowed to identify problems and negative trends.
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CORRIGAN, OWEN. "Migrants, Welfare Systems and Social Citizenship in Ireland and Britain: Users or Abusers?" Journal of Social Policy 39, no. 3 (November 26, 2009): 415–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279409990468.
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AbstractPublic discourse on migrant interactions with state welfare systems has often assumed exploitative motivations on the part of migrants, with charges of welfare tourism a recurring theme among segments of the political spectrum. Academic research has also tended to characterise migrant welfare utilisation in simple dichotomous terms where migrants are either ‘welfare dependent’ or not. This article argues for the analytic utility of disaggregating the concept of welfare utilisation into distinct component parts, denoting usage, participation and dependency with regard to state-provided cash welfare benefits. Using EU survey data, these distinct components of welfare utilisation among migrants are assessed in comparative cross-national context, comparing welfare and labour market outcomes for similar cohorts of migrants faced with dissimilar incentive structures. The results have direct implications for policy-makers, and for migrant experiences of social citizenship, in so far as they show little support for the moral hazard view of migrant interactions with welfare systems. Migrants in Ireland's relatively more generous welfare system are seen to have no greater likelihood of welfare dependency, and in fact show a lower usage of welfare (as a proportion of total income) than similar migrants in Britain, controlling for characteristics. Intriguingly, however, the likelihood of forming a partial labour market attachment is seen to respond to increasing levels of welfare usage in Ireland, but not in Britain, suggesting that migrants may be taking an active role in how they define their position in the work-welfare nexus in response to welfare system incentives.
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Chalamwong, Yongyuth, Jidapa Meepien, and Khanittha Hongprayoon. "Management of Cross-border Migration: Thailand as a Case of Net Immigration." Asian Journal of Social Science 40, no. 4 (2012): 447–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685314-12341251.
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Abstract The increase of migrant workers into the Kingdom of Thailand began in the mid-1980s and early 1990s when Thailand was in transition from a low-end labour-intensive economy, to a capital-intensive one. The role of migrant workers became even more evident when Thailand encountered the economic crisis of the mid-1990s. Current statistics indicate that Thailand receives more than a million migrant workers from neighbouring countries, including Myanmar, Lao PDR and Cambodia. This paper traces the five stages of the Royal Thai Government’s (RTG) policies to managing cross-border migration and migrant worker issues in Thailand. It argues that despite the introduction of policies of management of the issue, migrant workers are vulnerable to human trafficking. Furthermore, as more often than not migrant workers are irregular migrants, they are treated as a risk to national security. As such they are vulnerable to labour exploitation. This paper analyses the problems in policy and legal enforcement between countries of origin and the RTG, suggesting ways in which these problems can be overcome to ensure compliance with international norms, and thus the responsibility of the RTG to its ‘foreign workers’.
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Huber, Peter, Michael Landesmann, Catherine Robinson, and Robert Stehrer. "Migrants' Skills and Productivity: A European Perspective." National Institute Economic Review 213 (July 2010): R20—R34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0027950113803222.
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The freedom of movement of persons is one of the core tenets of the European Union. Immigration however is often seen as a cause for concern amongst native workers, as rising labour supply may threaten jobs and create downward pressure on wages. National politicians are increasingly under pressure to guard against it — in times of recession particularly. Despite this, there is evidence that highly-skilled migrant labour has the potential to raise competitiveness significantly and in theory this may feed into productivity. In this paper, we explore first the composition of inward migration to the EU and within the EU, concentrating specifically on the role of the highly-skilled and the extent to which migrants are overqualified within their jobs. We then analyse whether migrant workers affect productivity at the sectoral level. We find under-utilisation of skilled foreign labour and there is little evidence in general to suggest that migrants have raised productivity which may in part be attributable to over-qualification. However, we find robust evidence that migrants — particularly highly-skilled migrants — play a positive role in productivity developments in industries which are classified as ‘skill intensive’.
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Zhang, Li. "How Migrant Labor is Changing Rural China. By Rachel Murphy. [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. 306 pp. Hard cover $70.00, ISBN 0-521-80901-0; paperback $25.00, ISBN 0-521-00530-2.]." China Quarterly 175 (September 2003): 846–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741003340470.
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Mass rural–urban labour migration in post-Mao China has received a great deal of attention by scholars of different disciplines. The existing research has largely focused on the causes and processes of migration; the politics of migrant identities and settlements in the cities; changing modes of governance in managing the migrant population; the questions of urban citizenship; and the cultural experiences of migrant wage workers in the reform era. Yet, we know very little about the profound social, economic and cultural impact of migrant labour on Chinese rural life and society. Rachel Murphy's book provides a timely contribution to our understanding of what has happened in rural China as a result of this unprecedented labour migration. Based on extensive, in-depth fieldwork in three counties in Jiangxi province, this is an extraordinarily insightful and fresh account of the everyday socio-economic changes brought by migration in the origin areas. Moving away from the static analysis of migration by modernization and structuralist theories, Murphy emphasizes the critical role of human agency by treating rural migrants as social agents who actively pursue their goals and utilize resources while making sense of the rapidly changing social world in which they live. Her study convincingly shows that migrants are neither passive victims of structural changes nor actors completely free of structural constraints; rather they constantly adopt strategies to negotiate with and alter the larger social, economic and political environment.