Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Migrant labour'
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1
Schiel, Reinhard. "Migrant labour in contemporary South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13154.
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Includes bibliographical references.South Africa has a history of distorted and controlled migration. Remnants of this history are still present to this day. The purpose of this study is to understand the patterns of migration in contemporary South Africa. In particular we focus on the interactions between migration and labour force participation decisions. Using the GPS coordinates in South Africa’s first nationally representative panel dataset, the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), migration is defined as a movement of individuals across municipal boundaries between waves of the NIDS survey. The analysis then goes on to explore the factors driving this migration. A range of relevant individual and household variables are available in NIDS. In addition community level factors such as socio-economic indicators and local service delivery are derived from Census and Community Survey and merged into NIDS in order to provide a rich dataset. Descriptive analysis is followed by the estimation of a biprobit model of migration and participation. Thereafter, the post-migration earnings of migrants are estimated while accounting for selection. The young, educated and the relatively better-off in migrant communities are more likely to migrate and individuals are found to migrate out of communities with high levels of relative inequality. The interdependence of the migration and participation decisions is affirmed. In modeling earnings of migrants we find we find that the selection into migration has a negative effect on wages, especially for high income earners. In general we find that South Africa is beginning to report similar trends in migration to its developing country peers.
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İren, Yıldızca Bediz Büke. "Migrant Child Labour in Turkey : A critical analysis of multilevel governance targeting migrant child labour in Turkey." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, REMESO - Institutet för forskning om migration, etnicitet och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162798.
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Entering the 9th year of the Syrian Crisis, there are still more than 400 thousand school aged Syrian children considered ‘out-of-school’ in Turkey. Several previous studies as well as reports of International Organisations and Civil Society Organisations such as UNICEF and Support to Life argue that out-of-school Syrian children have formed part of the Turkish informal labour market. Restrained migration policies incorporated with the needs of global labour markets have caused precarisation of the migrant labour, and in the case of Turkey precarisation of migrant child labour as well. The aim of the current study is to critically analyse the strategies and interventions of this multilevel governance targeting migrant child labour. Hence, a qualitative research method was employed in order to answer the study’s research questions. First, document analysis was conducted to identify the multilevel institutional framework; and second, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with selected informants working for International Organisations. By facilitating Carol Bacchi’s ‘What is the problem represented to be?’ (WPR) approach, each actor’s strategies and interventions directed to migrant child labour are scrutinised. While each actor by definition manages to identify the causes of (migrant) child labour, the strategies and interventions are constrained by the conventional migration management approach as well as the discourses of “the best interest of the child” and “fair trade”.
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Abbas, H. W. "Industrial development and migrant labour in Libya." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378809.
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Khoza, L. K. "Nxopaxopo wa switandzhaku swa vuguduka eka matsalwa ya Xitonga lama nga hlawuriwa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2359.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Limpopo, 2014Problem Statement This proposal investigates the life of men who left their beloved families with the aim of seeking jobs in order to support them. Most of the men when they get employed, they forget about where they come from and start new families by marrying another wives in urban areas. Furthermore this study will seek to find out how these men could get help and to restore their dignity. Methodology In order to achieve the aim and objectives of this proposal, the researcher will utilise textual analysis and interview method. Significance This study will act as wake-up call to the new generation to take into consideration the importance of where they original come from. In addition, the study will contribute to the existing knowledge and understanding the purpose of living their homes to seek employment not to start new families.
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Khoza, L. H. "Nxopaxopo wa switandzhaku swa vuguduka eka matsalwa ya xiTsonga lama nga hlawuriwa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2355.
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Thesis (M.A.) --University of Limpopo, 2014Problem Statement This proposal investigates the life of men who left their beloved families with the aim of seeking jobs in order to support them. Most of the men when they get employed, they forget about where they come from and start new families by marrying another wives in urban areas. Furthermore this study will seek to find out how these men could get help and to restore their dignity. Methodology In order to achieve the aim and objectives of this proposal, the researcher will utilise textual analysis and interview method. Significance This study will act as wake-up call to the new generation to take into consideration the importance of where they original come from. In addition, the study will contribute to the existing knowledge and understanding the purpose of living their homes to seek employment not to start new families.
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Asmar, Marwan Rateb. "The state and politics of migrant labour in Kuwait." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/463/.
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This study examines the relationship between the state in Kuwait and the use of large numbers of migrant workers in the Kuwaiti economy. Migrant labour has become essential not only in every aspect of economic life but also as a means of reproducing state power based on traditional social relations. An understanding of the migrant labour system is thus necessary for any understanding of the nature of political relations and political power. Although imports of foreign labour arose in response to economic, rather than political, changes (specifically the development of the oil industry) the state has regulated its presence in such a way as to strengthen its own position by increasin g the loyalty of Kuwaiti citizens. While migrants staff virtually all key sectors of economic and administrative life, oil revenues have been used to guarantee government employment and numerous state welfare benefits to all indigenous workers. The effect of this is an "embourgeoisement" of Kuwaiti labour with a consequence that a significant indigenous working class in the industrial sense does not exist. This situation has, in turn, served to legitimate the political system (and with it the traditional stratum of power holders) in the eyes of Kuwaitis. Migrant labour has also come to serve indigenous capitalists interests. Class fractions such as landlords and import merchants have constructed their prosperity around migrant labour, a factor which has served to lessen tensions between the merchant class and the ruling family and thus further stabilised and legitimised the state. Both Kuwaiti workers and merchants derive numerous state benefits from a legal structure which curtails the civil status of migrants, denying them political rights of expression and association, most social benefits and the right to own property, while simultaneously placing them in relationships of dependence on Kuwaits. The presence of migrants, therefore, makes possible the development of Kuwait's oil wealth, ensure the profits and privileges of its citizens, and allows the state to use economic development and oil wealth to strengthen its own position and avoid the political challenges which modernisation might otherwise bring through the process of class formation.
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Al-Harthy, Hussain. "International labour migration : the case of the Sultanate of Oman." Thesis, University of Kent, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327438.
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Davies, Jonathan. "Migrant labour exploitation and harm in UK food supply chains." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/migrant-labour-exploitation-and-harm-in-uk-food-supply-chains(0ce99b33-f794-4136-9673-0d197700cc50).html.
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The research conducted for this thesis is an exploratory study of migrant workers' experiences in UK food supply chains. This thesis provides an original contribution to criminology by discussing how some food supply chain dynamics result in various exploitative and harmful labour practices against migrant workers. Data consisted of semi-structured interviews conducted with migrant workers in the UK, as well as individual and group interviews with food supply chain stakeholders, including representatives from industry, regulation, and labour movements. This research conceptualises labour exploitation as a continuum, with severe practices including modern slavery on one extreme and 'decent work' on the other. There are a range of practices in-between these two extremes that risk being overlooked, whereby 'routine', banal exploitation is embedded and normalised within legitimate supply chain processes. The argument developed in this thesis is that a stronger emphasis is needed on the harmful consequences of routine, mundane, everyday labour exploitation in order to understand how they can result from legitimate supply chain dynamics. The key contributions of this thesis can be summarised under four themes: developing a more rigorous analysis of 'routine' labour exploitation and harm against migrant workers; understanding how legitimate food supply chain dynamics can facilitate exploitation and harm; explaining how the regulatory framework may unwittingly result in further exploitation and harm to migrant workers; and recognising the complexity of the relationship between migration and labour exploitation. The thesis findings contribute to predominant discussions of labour exploitation that typically focus on severe exploitation such as modern slavery and emphasise rogue individuals or criminal networks as the main perpetrators. The research findings demonstrate that a significant amount of routine labour exploitation and harm remains 'under the radar' in the context of legitimate supply chain practices. Police action and supply chain regulation typically focuses on the most severe labour exploitation, which results in routine exploitation being largely unaddressed. Therefore, labour exploitation has implications for the nature, organisation, and control of harms facilitated by businesses and supply chains. It is important for criminology and society to not disregard routine labour exploitation, as these practices can result in numerous harmful consequences for workers. Since the public profile of labour exploitation continues to grow, a stronger focus is needed on the routine and banal aspects, not just the most severe practices.
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Carter, John. "Ethnicity, equality and the nursing profession." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336835.
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Zhang, Shuwan. "Industrialising China, escaping labour : economic development and the agency of migrant labour in Guangdong, Zhejiang and Jiangsu province." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2016. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23810/.
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Iliadou, Theologia. "The securitization of female migrant domestic labour in Greece since the 1990s." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/99429/.
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Despite the historically undervalued and yet politically charged character of domestic labour its contemporary emergence as a female migrant occupation exposes the group of female migrant domestic workers to comparatively to the past more intense exploitation and abuse. Within security regimes, which act as the primary means of management for female migrants, the national and gender identities of female migrant domestic workers are constructed as a threat to the national politics of social reproduction. This research project examines the lived inequalities and vulnerabilities of female migrant domestic workers in Greece as outcomes of the politicization of migration as a threat to the national societal security. It does so by utilizing the Copenhagen School’s securitization theory as the basis for the development of this project’s analytical framework and conducting research at the three securitization stages: negotiation, acceptance and institutionalization. It argues that the identified as characteristics of the contemporary migration wave, racism and xenophobia, rise in crime and growth of the informal economy, that have defined the experiences of both nationals and aliens are outcomes of the conceptualization and development of migration policies as exclusionary measures. Utilizing Huysmans concept of desecuritization the research project concludes by claiming that the conscious reorientation of the ethical basis upon which migration policy is established in Greece will result in the alleviation of the burdens of migration for both nationals and migrants.
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Maro, Mkasafari Grace. "Economic impact of international labour migration on Lesotho's development, 1986-1998: towards an international labour migration policy for the Southern African region." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007496.
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The aim of the thesis is to identify the pressures that contributed to the rise in international labour migration in Lesotho, and to investigate how these pressures are impacting upon the modernization process in the country, particularly at a time when employment opportunities are scarce in the southern African region. International labour migration has been used as a development tool throughout history, but especially in the 20th century by developing countries with dual labour markets. Newly independent developing countries with dual labour markets adapted the strategy of import substitution industrialization (lSI), with an emphasis on protecting infant industries and promoting pro-labour policies. In the post-colonial period the international demand for lowskilled workers rose, particularly in the North (developed countries), and in mineral rich countries including the oil exporters and South Africa, and the newly industrialising countries in East Asia. International labour migration to these countries was adapted as an integral development tool by the governments of the lSI countries. Most migrants were low-skilled and temporary workers in the destination countries. Although no multilateral institutional framework existed, usually both the sending and receiving countries adapted unilateral and bilateral migration policies to guarantee the gains from migration. Workers were thus "protected" to varying degrees under such agreements. From the 1970s, the North experienced a slowdown in the growth in demand for unskilled workers. In the 1980s, many lSI countries experienced devastating economic crises that forced them to abandon the lSI policy and adapt the export-led industrialisation (EOI) policy with an emphasis on trade liberalization. The switch from lSI to EOI in developing countries with dual labour markets led to the downsizing of public sector employment, the removal of marketing boards formally used by small-scale agricultural farmers, and the expansion of export processing zones (EPZs). These outcomes resulted in a rise in push internal migration, and international migration from these countries especially to other developing countries. At the same time, since the late 1980s, capital has acquired greatly enhanced mobility at the global level. The adaptation of EOI and the full mobility of capital at the global level altered the institutional structure within which labour migration was governed both nationally, and internationally. At the national level stricter unilateral policies were reinforced by receiving countries for low-skilled labour, while less strict policies applied for skilled labour. These remain in operation in conjunction with the earlier bilateral agreements. At the international level, there remains a lack of policy to regulate international labour migration. Under the current enhanced mobility of capital, international migrants are thus left vulnerable. Lesotho fits this pattern. Faced with a dual economy and an abundance of semi-skilled labour, Lesotho has been a principal supplier of labour to the South Africa's mining industry since its independence. Lesotho's industrial diversification thus mirrors South Africa's industrial diversification. In the lSI phase (1968 - 1987), international labour migration became the most important tool of economic welfare generation in Lesotho. Bilateral agreements were signed in the early 1970s between Lesotho and South Africa to guarantee the gains from migration. Since the late I980s, the mining industry in South Africa began to downsize production and employment. Fewer novice miners from Lesotho were recruited to work in South Africa. The adaptation of the EOI policy in Lesotho in 1987 introduced EPZ industrialization and trade liberalization. Nevertheless, the retrenchment of mine workers from South Africa is occurring at a time when Lesotho is experiencing an employment crisis. The political independence of South Africa in 1994 was accompanied by stricter international migration policies by the new democratic government of South Africa. Most migrant workers in South Africa are thus now faced with a two-door policy (of the earlier bilateral agreements and the amendments to the Aliens Control Act). This system has left migrant workers vulnerable to exploitation by both employers and the law (police) in South Africa. Nevertheless, international migration from Lesotho to South Africa continues to expand, particularly of the new type of migration - semiskilled female workers in the services sector. At the same time, South Africa is also experiencing an employment crisis. The most important policy implications are, firstly, that migration is subject to the same "casualisation" as other work, with the effects made worse by the "statelessness" of migrants, who are most vulnerable to exploitation. Secondly, multilateralism is needed (e.g., SADC) and holistic, multilateral policies are required. It is clear that under the new global division of labour ad hoc policy towards international labour migration is ineffective.
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Hooper, Karen. "Assessing the implications of labour migration for competitiveness : with evidence from Taiwan /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18259.pdf.
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Buthelezi, Vincent Vusi. "The South African Jewish Museum and the Lwandle Migrant Labour Museum: Serving different publics in two community museums in the Western Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6474.
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Magister Artium - MAThe 1990s came with many changes and developments in South Africa, especially in the political and social lives of people and their public institutions. The concept of transformation and transition became a household word, from red-carpeted parliamentary corridors to tiny gravel township streets and villages in rural communities. Two community museums emerged in the Western Cape cultural and heritage landscape in response to these political changes: the South African Jewish Museum and the Lwandle Migrant Labour Museum. The extensively revamped South African Jewish Museum, which opened its doors in 1997, is situated in centre of the city of Cape Town (which under apartheid was designated as a white area). It is accommodated in the one of the oldest buildings in South Africa, the original building of the first SA Jewish synagogue built in 1862. The building has been extended, added to and extensively refurbished. The Lwandle Migrant Labour Museum is an entirely new institution in the post apartheid democratic South Africa. It is situated in a township forty kilometers from the Cape Town city centre. During the days of apartheid Lwandle township was designated as a place for black male hostel dwellers. The museum is accommodated in an old community hall, which was once a hostel dwellers recreational hall.
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Banu, S. "Migrant absorption in formal sector employment : The case of the Dhaka region jute industry." Thesis, Keele University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373817.
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Park, Kwangwoo. "Migration and integration in borderless village : social capital among Indonesian migrant workers in South Korea." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/50485/.
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Existing research (Guarnizo et al. 2003; Portes, 2001; Cohen and Sirkeci, 2005) has endeavoured to clarify the relationship between migrants' transnational activities and their integration into the host society. Although there are both positive and negative perspectives on this relationship, it remains unclear whether migrants' transnational activities are likely to help or hinder their integration into the host society (Vertovec, 2009). This thesis uses the lens of social capital and diaspora identity to shed light on the relationship between Indonesian migrants' transnational activities and their integration in a multi-ethnic town in South Korea. The influx of migrants from various countries has led to the creation of what is called ‘Borderless Village', where people have opportunities to build intercultural connections beyond their national group. Based on ethnographic fieldwork with a group of Indonesian migrants, which themselves show social disjunctions in terms of region of origin, language, religious belief and cultural practices, this thesis examines the integration patterns of Indonesian immigrant groups in this town. In terms of whether transnational activities help or hinder integration in South Korea, I argue that both realities co-exist, and that the status of Wongok-Dong as a migrant enclave and the internally divided nature of the Indonesian migrant group itself are key factors in this regard. Indonesian migrants achieve integration among themselves by performing economic and socio-cultural transnational activities, thereby transcending divisions within the group. Although there are differences in terms of their capacity to conduct transnational activities that are shaped by each Indonesian immigrants' different types of social capital, they are able perform transnational activities through creating and utilising ‘hidden social capital'. This is generated when Indonesian migrants strategically reveal one of their identities, such as Indonesian, Muslim or other positions, rather than emphasising their regional origin in Indonesia to achieve their objectives such as pursuing economic profits, saving face and maintaining livelihood. Through mobilising these additional identities, most Indonesians can access resources that enable them to perform transnational activities – making international phone calls, occupying cultural spaces, participating in national celebrations – beyond their regional affiliations. In this regard, Indonesian migrants integrate into Wongok-Dong by performing transnational activities due to the features of the town as a migrant enclave. However, they are isolated from mainstream Korean society, as they only achieve integration into the multiethnic space of Wongok-Dong. Thus, this research adds crucial dimensions to theories of the relationship between migrants' transnational activities and integration into their host society through redefining both the features of the diaspora group and the role of social capital.
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Sipos, Szilvia. "Discrimination of migrant and refugee women on the labour market in Germanyand Hungary." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-177550.
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Jakimow, Malgorzata Jadwiga. "NGOs, labour and space : migrant workers and the remaking of citizenship in China." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.647439.
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This research employs critical theories of citizenship to investigate the role of rural-to-urban migrant workers in the construction and transformation of citizenship in China. Migrant workers have long been portrayed as uncivilised and uncultured Others in contrast to the modern and urban Self in China. This binary discourse has been accompanied and strengthened by a citizenship regime based on the hukou (household registration) system, whereby access to citizenship rights in the cities is only provided for those registered as urban-hukou-holders and is thus denied to rural migrants. Through the analysis of findings from a year of fieldwork conducted among non-governmental organisations (NGOs) established by migrant workers in China, I enquire into the new ways of conceiving citizenship in China. These are the ways which go beyond the bifurcated rural-urban citizenship status and the passivity of docile and neoliberal subjects, and which instead transform citizenship via the self-remaking of migrant workers into 'worker-citizens', who utilise the urban as a new space of struggle for belonging and rights. This self-transformation is conducted through ‘acts of citizenship’, that is acts which challenge the contemporary citizenship construction in China and which simultaneously transform the performer into an activist citizen (Isin and Nielsen, 2008). By looking at how migrant workers perform ‘acts of citizenship’ around the three ‘sites’ of NGOs, labour and space, this research contends that citizenship in China does not have to be bound to the set of rights defined by the state, but rather that it can be remade by the active participation in politics of those who are normally excluded as non-citizens.
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Mieres, Fabiola. "The political economy of everyday precarity : segmentation, fragmentation and transnational migrant labour in Californian agriculture." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.644451.
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This thesis examines the qualitative transformation taking place within the processes of transnationalisation of labour markets that drive a substantive increase in the segmentation and fragmentation of migrant labour. The thesis argues that by either focusing on the agential elements or strictly structural constraints, conventional perspectives on the role of intermediaries in processes of international migration lack a comprehensive transnational theorisation of labour markets. A focus on the transnationalisation of labour markets through the role of cross-border farm labour contractors aims to address these limitations by analysing the complex nature of processes of transnationalisation in the provision of migrant labour in Californian agriculture. A transnational labour market approach is developed to show how three regimes of segmentation-fragmentation operate at the Federal (nation-state) and state (regional) levels and also at a local level through the actions of farm labour contractors in the organisation of movement and workplace practices along formal and informal lines. The core argument of this thesis is that the tensions between fragmentation and segmentation within the process of transnationalisation of labour markets between Mexico and the United States conflate in everyday precarity for migrant workers. Everyday precarity involves not only the conditions under which migrant workers perform their activities in the workplace, but also extends beyond to include aspects of their everyday lives in a transnational fashion. Farm labour contractors play an important role in organising and coordinating flexibility in fragmented agricultural labour markets. Through their position at the heart of the tensions of the interplay between the three regimes, farm labour contractors gain power over the labour process, thereby contributing to further fragmentation. This power is linked to the migration and protection policies established by nation-states at the first regime of segmentation-fragmentation, and is also shaped by the regional (Californian) labour legislation at the second regime of segmentation-fragmentation. The thesis concludes that a transnational theorisation of labour markets, which places intermediaries such as farm labour contractors within the tensions of processes of transnationalisation that account for not only segmentation but also fragmentation, is required to fully understand everyday precarity beyond national boundaries. Therefore, farm labour contractors are key channels of transnationalisation by contributing to further fragmentation at the local level in already highly segmented labour markets.
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Peseckaitė, Kristina Gražina. "Darbo biržos veikla projektuojant darbo migrantų karjerą Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090219_132336-54120.
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Darbe apibrėžiama Lietuvos darbo migranto sąvoka ir aprašomos trys istorinės darbo migracijos bangos iš Lietuvos. Dėl didelių ekonominės ir socialinės migracijos mastų pablogėjo Lietuvos demografinė situacija, prarasta didelė dalis kvalifikuotos darbo jėgos, socialinio draudimo sistema nesurenka reikiamų pajamų, šeimos patiria problemų dėl vaikų auklėjimo ir santuokos išsaugojimo, nefiksuojama smulkaus ir vidutinio verslo plėtra, dėl nelegalaus ir nekvalifikuoto darbo užsienyje darbo migrantai praranda turimą kvalifikaciją ir ryšį su Lietuvos darbo rinka. Nutolus nuo tėvynės blogėja galimybės joje įsidarbinti, mokytis ar persikvalifikuoti.
Reemigrantų įtraukimas į Lietuvos darbo rinką reikalauja specialaus valstybinio požiūrio, darbo jėgos pritraukimo veiksnių ir darbo rinkos sureguliavimo būdų. Vienas efektyviausių būdų yra į Lietuvą sugrįžusių darbo migrantų karjeros projektavimas, kuris padėtų derinti žmonių poreikius ir galimybes su šio laikmečio profesijų pasaulio reikalavimais. Tačiau darbo biržos veikla, projektuojant darbo migrantų karjerą, nėra apibrėžta ir įvardyta, veiklos efektyvumas netirtas nepriklausomų ekspertų. Prasidėjus pasaulinei ekonomikos krizei yra palankus momentas imtis kur kas aktyvesnių veiksmų adaptuojant darbo migrantus Lietuvos darbo rinkoje, sudarant sąlygas mokytis paklausių profesijų, padedant tobulėti ir kelti kvalifikaciją.
Kiekybinio tyrimo duomenų analizė atskleidė, kad darbo migrantai gerai vertina darbo biržos veiklą, darbuotojų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]In the thesis a conception of Lithuanian labour migrant is defined and three historic labour migration waves from Lithuania are described. Because of huge amount of economic and social migration, Lithuanian demographic situation has become worse, a great part of qualified labour force is lost, social insurance system does not collect needed income, families experience problems concerning education of their children and saving marriage, development of small and medium business is not fixed, because of illegal and unqualified work abroad, labour migrants lose their qualification and relation with Lithuanian labour market. Being away from a native country, possibilities to employ oneself, study or retrain are becoming worse. Involvement of re-emigrants into Lithuanian labour market requires a special State attitude, factors of attracting labour force and ways of regulating labour market. One of the most effective ways is projecting careers of labour migrants having returned to Lithuania, that would help to match people’s needs and possibilities with requirements of these times world professions. Nevertheless, activity of a jobcentre, projecting career of labour migrants, is not defined and named, activity’s efficiency was not examined by independent experts. After start of the world economic crisis, a favourable moment appeared to take much more active actions, adapting labour migrants in Lithuanian labour market, creating conditions to study marketable professions, helping... [to full text]
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Tacoli, Cecilia. "Gender, life course and international migration : the case of Filipino labour migrants in Rome." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244019.
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Klanarong, Nisakorn. "Female international labour migration from Southern Thailand /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk632.pdf.
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Sen, K. "Migrants from the Indian sub-continent and the Kuwait labour market : Economic, political and social determinants." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1986. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384789.
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Lee, Jane Gyung Sook. "A Narrative Analysis of the Labour Market Experiences of Korean Migrant Women in Australia." Faculty of Economic and Business, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1860.
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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)Abstract This thesis examines the experiences of Korean migrant women (KMW) in the Australian labour market. A review of the extant literature leads to two propositions, both of which assert that KMW are likely to experience labour market disadvantage or barriers to entry. These propositions take into account two significant theories of the labour market: segmentation theory and human capital theory. Segmentation theory argues that unchangeable gender and racial / cultural differences have the greatest impact upon labour market value, human capital theory describes the labour market value of individuals as based upon apparently objective and attainable skills (here English language skills). Using narrative analysis and, more specifically, antenarrative analysis, the study examines the life stories of 33 Australian KMW. In so doing, it identifies hitherto unheard discourses concerning the experiences of KMW in relation to the Australian labour market — discourses that challenge established academic thinking regarding this issue. Identification and analysis of these new discourses generates a number of alternative understandings of the labour market experiences of KMW. These alternative understandings both demonstrate the limitations of, and go beyond, the existing two propositions. In particular, the research shows that the impacts of gender and culture (segmentation theory) vary over time for KMW, do not always prevent labour market participation, and are experienced in terms of identity within a gendered Australian labour market. The research also demonstrates that while many KMW are in fact sufficiently skilled in the English language (human capital theory) to enter the Australian labour market, they nevertheless experience a sense of inferiority about their English language capacity that discourages them from entering, and limits their opportunities to participate in, the labour market. This in turn contributes to their social isolation. The thesis concludes that within the Australian academic literature, KMW have either been given little space and voice or have been misrepresented, reflecting and contributing to an ongoing ignorance of the experiences of Asian women in Australian workplaces. The KMW examined in this study are subject to numerous forms of subordination in Australian workplaces and society that cannot be adequately explained in terms of their human capital or their gender and cultural differences. The covert nature of the politics of difference within the work place makes exclusionary practices more difficult to identify and discuss. The thesis argues that in order to overcome these problems new policies of multiculturalism and productive diversity need to be developed. It asserts that narrative analytic techniques are an important means by which to inform such policy development. Abstract This thesis examines the experiences of Korean migrant women (KMW) in the Australian labour market. A review of the extant literature leads to two propositions, both of which assert that KMW are likely to experience labour market disadvantage or barriers to entry. These propositions take into account two significant theories of the labour market: segmentation theory and human capital theory. Segmentation theory argues that unchangeable gender and racial / cultural differences have the greatest impact upon labour market value, human capital theory describes the labour market value of individuals as based upon apparently objective and attainable skills (here English language skills). Using narrative analysis and, more specifically, antenarrative analysis, the study examines the life stories of 33 Australian KMW. In so doing, it identifies hitherto unheard discourses concerning the experiences of KMW in relation to the Australian labour market — discourses that challenge established academic thinking regarding this issue. Identification and analysis of these new discourses generates a number of alternative understandings of the labour market experiences of KMW. These alternative understandings both demonstrate the limitations of, and go beyond, the existing two propositions. In particular, the research shows that the impacts of gender and culture (segmentation theory) vary over time for KMW, do not always prevent labour market participation, and are experienced in terms of identity within a gendered Australian labour market. The research also demonstrates that while many KMW are in fact sufficiently skilled in the English language (human capital theory) to enter the Australian labour market, they nevertheless experience a sense of inferiority about their English language capacity that discourages them from entering, and limits their opportunities to participate in, the labour market. This in turn contributes to their social isolation. The thesis concludes that within the Australian academic literature, KMW have either been given little space and voice or have been misrepresented, reflecting and contributing to an ongoing ignorance of the experiences of Asian women in Australian workplaces. The KMW examined in this study are subject to numerous forms of subordination in Australian workplaces and society that cannot be adequately explained in terms of their human capital or their gender and cultural differences. The covert nature of the politics of difference within the work place makes exclusionary practices more difficult to identify and discuss. The thesis argues that in order to overcome these problems new policies of multiculturalism and productive diversity need to be developed. It asserts that narrative analytic techniques are an important means by which to inform such policy development.
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Cross, Hannah Morgan. "West African labour mobility and EU borders : migrant communities in Senegal, Mauritania and Spain." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.540785.
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Clark, Philip. "The economic impact of contracted labour upon the livelihoods of small Pacific Island States : an examination of the expenditure patterns of I-Kiribati and Tuvaluan seafarers and their dependents /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19647.pdf.
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Urzi, Domenica. "Migrant workers, temporary labour and employment in Southern Europe : a case study on migrants working in the agricultural informal economy of Sicily." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28737/.
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This thesis explores the migratory experience mainly of Tunisian and Romanian workers in the agricultural informal economy of Sicily (Italy), based on observation and 30 semi-structured interviews. Starting from the reasons behind the decision to migrate and the expectations towards their migratory experience, this thesis argues that family’s needs are central motivational factors for the majority of the people who were part of my study and that the migratory experience tends to transform conventional gendering and parenting roles. The thesis also investigates the strategies used by Tunisian and Romanian migrants to enter the Italian territory and to be recruited in the agricultural sector. My data suggested that social capital (or the lack of it) and social networks are essential resources to enter the Italian territory and its labour market and to remain active within it. Furthermore, the thesis claims that the interaction between the widespread informal employment in Southern Europe and discriminating forms of citizenship creates a paradoxical situation where newly European Romanian workers have more opportunity to negotiate with employers within the informal economy, whereas non-European people must seek contractual work within the formal labour market to justify their immigration status, making them more vulnerable to exploitation by deceitful employers. For this reason an imaginary continuum line has been developed in the last two chapters of the thesis to highlight how discriminatory citizenship status interacts with the informal labour economy of the agricultural sector of Sicily, exacerbating unequal power relations and labour exploitation. By stretching the concept of the ‘camp’ developed by Agamben (1998), the informal economy will be considered as a dimension where people’s rights are severely undermined. The thesis nonetheless asserts that recognition of human dignity and human rights offer a form of utopian critique that might be considered positive as it stands outside the limitations of national forms of citizenship and points to more inclusive ideas of global citizenship.
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Yu, Li. "Labour market outcomes, migration intentions of rural-urban migrants and return migration in China." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Geography, c2013, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3340.
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It has been widely documented that migrant labourers have made great contributions to the urban economy of China; as well, the explosive growth of rural-urban migrants has generated several "migration problems," such as growing social inequality in urban China. It is widely reported that a large number of migrants have returned to their places of origin, after several years of "urban life," and this trend has been accelerated after the global economic crisis after 2008. Consequently, the large number of return migrants have created many problems in the cities, such as labour shortage in the manufacturing industry, and also posed a huge challenge to the rural areas in the resettlement of these returnees. In sum, to understand both the migrants in destination cities and return migrants in their places of origin is of great importance for both urban and rural development in China.
The research so far, on the understanding of migrants' behaviour and labour market outcomes in a multi-phased migration process, seems highly controversial and therefore, insufficient. This study, based on migrant survey data collected in Fujian Province, and return migrant interview data collected in Sichuan and Jiangxi Provinces, explores migrant labour market outcomes in the cities, as well as their geographical differentiation; migrant return intentions, and their gender differentiations; return behaviour and the resettlement situations of actual returnees. The results show that the multi-phased migration process of rural migrants in China is synthetically shaped by macro, meso, and micro factors, and by the interactions between these factors. To be more specific, findings of this study indicate that migrant labour markets in urban China are largely geographically differentiated according to several regional characteristics. The study also finds that a large proportion of rural-urban migrants intends to return to their places of origin. As well, their return intentions are significantly gender-differentiated. Finally, the resettlement situations of return migrants are closely connected to their migration experience.ix, 160 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
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Zou, Mimi. "The legal construction of migrant work relations : precarious status, hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4169b543-2a30-434c-a512-ada39d509a10.
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This thesis is concerned with the ways in which the laws and policies governing labour migration shape the relationship between migrant workers, employers, and labour markets in advanced industrialised countries. Specifically, it elucidates the intersections of immigration and labour market regulatory norms, structures, and processes that have salient implications for migrants’ work relations. The notions of ‘hyper-dependence’ and ‘hyper-precarity’ are developed as the main analytical and normative lenses in this thesis for examining the particular vulnerabilities associated with migrants’ precarious statuses under contemporary labour migration regimes. Hyper-dependence refers to an acute dependence that transcends the immediate context of an employment relationship, where other aspects of a worker’s life critically depend on that employer. For migrant workers, hyper-dependence may arise where their legal statuses is tethered to a specific employer sponsorship, accompanied by other de jure and de facto restrictions on their labour mobility. Hyper-precarity seeks to capture the multifaceted insecurities and uncertainties in migrants’ work relations and their broader migration projects, which are linked to their exclusion, in law and in practice, from a wide array of social, economic, and civil rights in the host state. Engaging with the various and often competing goals and concerns of immigration law and labour law, the two concepts of hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity are developed and applied through an in-depth comparative analysis of the legal and regulatory architectures of two contemporary temporary migrant workers’ programmes (TMWPs): Australia’s Temporary Work (Skilled) Subclass 457 Visa (‘457 visa’) scheme and the United Kingdom’s Tier 2 (General) visa scheme. In recent years, TMWPs in advanced industrialised countries have been touted by global and national policymakers as a desirable labour migration instrument that delivers ‘triple wins’ for host states, home states, and migrants and their families. I situate the normative concerns of the legally constructed hyper-dependence and hyper-precarity in the ethical debates on TMWPs in liberal states. I also consider how the worst extremes of the two ‘hyper’ conditions combined in highly exploitative work relations could be ameliorated, and in doing so propose some ideas for reforming key features of current TMWPs to enable migrants to exit any employment relationship and to resort to a range of voice mechanisms in the workplace.
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Adelman, Sammy. "Influx control and the crisis in South Africa : 1979-1986." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328631.
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French, C. "Filipina domestic workers in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372525.
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Larkin, Sherrie N. "Workin' on the contract : St Lucian farmworkers in Ontario, a study of international labour migration /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0003/NQ42747.pdf.
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Leahy, Patricia. "Female migrant labour in Asia: a case study of Filipina domestic workers in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949800.
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Kimble, J. M. "Migrant labour and colonial rule in Southern Africa : the case of colonial Basutoland, 1890-1930." Thesis, University of Essex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356748.
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Hjalmarson, Kirsten Elise. "Race, labour, and the postmodern plantation : Jamaican migrant farmworkers in Canada's Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58347.
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This ethnographic thesis project critically examines the experiences of Jamaican migrant farmworkers employed in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia via the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP). First introduced in 1966, the SAWP is the oldest and longest-standing labour migration regime in Canada and the principal agricultural stream of the federal Temporary Foreign Worker Program. Drawing upon the salient work of numerous activists and scholars who have contended that the SAWP facilitates a form of transnational indentureship by bonding migrant workers to their employers, I argue that the SAWP farm site constitutes a peculiar and totalizing institution that capitalizes on the unfreedom of black labour. I apply critical race theory to situate workers’ experiences of surveillance, immobilization, and hyper-exploitation in addition to their characterization of farm life as “prison life” within a postslavery context. I conclude that only by acknowledging the role of racism and its relationship to the border can we ever hope to truly achieve justice for migrant farmworkers in Canada.Graduate Studies, College of (Okanagan)
Graduate
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Fellmeth, Gracia. "Perinatal depression in refugee and labour migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border : prevalence, risk factors and experiences." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d57fc610-dd6a-4ccd-a1c5-6d5a3a773f5d.
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Background: Perinatal depression is a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Left untreated, perinatal depression has severe and far-reaching consequences for women, their families and wider society. Migrant women, including labour migrants and refugees, may be particularly prone to developing perinatal depression as a result of multiple stressors associated with displacement. Despite the vast majority of global migration flows occurring within low- and middle-income countries, evidence from these regions is severely lacking. This research addresses this imbalance by examining perinatal depression in migrant women living on the Thai-Myanmar border: a resource-poor setting of political tension and socio-economic disadvantage. Aims: This research aims to review the existing evidence around perinatal depression among migrant women from low- and middle-income settings; identify an appropriate tool to detect perinatal depression in migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border; determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, perinatal depression in this setting; explore women's experiences of perinatal depression; and develop recommendations for policy and practice. Methods: A sequential-exploratory mixed-methods design was used. The research included the following five study components: a systematic literature review; a validation study to identify a culturally-acceptable and appropriate assessment tool; a prospective cohort study of migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border followed-up from the first trimester of pregnancy to one month post-partum; in-depth interviews with a subgroup of women with severe perinatal depression; and an informal exploration of stakeholder views. Findings: The systematic review found a wide range in prevalence of perinatal depression among migrant women and confirmed the absence of studies conducted in low-and middle-income destination countries. A total of 568 migrant women on the Thai-Myanmar border participated in the prospective cohort study, of whom 18.5% experienced moderate-severe depression and 39.8% experienced depression of any severity during the perinatal period. Almost a third (29%) of women reported suicidal ideation. Interpersonal violence (OR 4.5), experience of trauma (OR 2.4), a self-reported history of depression (OR 2.3) and perceived insufficiency of social support (OR 2.1) were significantly associated with perinatal depression. Lives of women with severe perinatal depression were characterised by difficult partner relationships, alcohol use among partners and interpersonal violence. A lack of mental health services currently limits the effective management of perinatal depression in this setting. Alongside training of health staff, primary, secondary and tertiary prevention efforts are required to effectively address perinatal depression on the Thai-Myanmar border.
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Tran, Olivia. "Thailand’s Fisheries Reform: An Analysis of Institutional Responses and Degrees of Social Protection for Migrant Workers." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36918.
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In 2015, Thailand implemented a comprehensive fisheries reform to address allegations of forced labour, trafficking, and illegal fishing. This paper conducts an institutional landscape review of the actors involved in the reform and their responses, mapping out the successes and gaps using a Social Protection Framework. The impact the reform has had on social protection for migrant workers is then examined through interviews with port workers and trafficked fishers. Close attention is paid to Burmese migrants who were trafficked onto Thai vessels to highlight the varying degrees of social protection (or lack thereof) for workers in the fishing sector. The paper argues that the policies of the Thai fisheries reform impact workers unevenly, and that vulnerability often depends on where the migrants work and where they are from. Not enough is being done to assist trafficked victims, particularly past the rescue stage.
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Bowen, Ruth, and ruthb@fpt vn. "From Fields to Factories: Prospects of Young Migrant Women in Vietnam's Garment and Footwear Industry." RMIT University. Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081127.093004.
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The study explores the motivations and experiences of young single women migrating to work in the garment and footwear industries in Vietnam and the impact of migration on their lives and future prospects. The key issues investigated were the impact on the young women's working lives, their material and emotional well-being, agency and empowerment and personal life trajectories. Based on a questionnaire survey and interviews with young women factory workers in Hanoi, the research found that young women are motivated by the desire for a stable income and the lack of alternative employment options in rural areas, which are constrained by gendered patterns of vocational training and labour market opportunities. Migration into factory work brings young women increased incomes and opportunities for empowerment through a broadening of their horizons. As a result of migration young women gain confidence and increased capacity to achieve their personal life goals, and as such, are empowered by the experience. Their marriage opportunities, however, are limited by factory employment and this places young women at odds with the expectations of their families and rural tradition. How women negotiate this divergence from traditional work and marriage expectations in Vietnam has mixed implications for young women's well-being and empowerment, and calls for a reconsideration of the nature of women's empowerment as represented in gender and development discourse.
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Krifors, Karin. "Managing Migrant Workers : moral economies of temporary labour in the Swedish IT and wild berry industries." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, REMESO - Institutet för forskning om Migration, Etnicitet och Samhälle, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-137433.
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Temporary migrant workers and circular migration constitute a growing global phenomenon as the management of migration becomes increasingly important to policymakers. This thesis takes academic discussions on citizenship and migration as its starting point, and examines the role of employers in terms of defining temporary migrant workers and their role in the Swedish labour market. The concept of moral economy is applied in particular to analyse the justifications and negotiations through which working conditions of migrant workers, and their role in local and transnational economies, are established and contested. The role of capital in migration management is studied through ethnographic fieldwork and through interviews with managers in the Swedish wild berry and IT industries; two very different industries that are, however, both shaped by particular structures of seasonal labour and international outsourcing and that increasingly rely on temporary foreign workers from Thailand and India respectively. The conceptualisation of supply chains in these industries offers a particular framework through which relations, as well as management discourses, can be analysed. The study explores how notions of circularity, nation, cultural difference, and transnational economic difference, are managed by private sector actors. It also explores how managers relate to public discourse and emotions in the face of global economic restructuring and changing citizenship, which situates temporary migrants as part of, yet different from, Swedish labour.Temporära migrantarbetare och cirkulär migration utgör ett växande globalt fenomen till följd av intresset bland regeringar och myndigheter att styra genom sk ”managed migration”. Denna avhandling tar avstamp i forskning om medborgarskap och migration för att undersöka vilken roll arbetsgivare får när det gäller att definiera tillfälliga migrantarbetare och deras roll på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. Begreppet moralisk ekonomi används för att lyfta fram och analysera de praktiker genom vilka migrantarbetarnas arbetsvillkor förhandlas och rättfärdigas, samt hur deras roller i lokala och transnationella ekonomier befästs eller förändras. Ekonomins roll i migrationshantering studeras i denna avhandling genom etnografiskt fältarbete och intervjuer med chefer inom den svenska bärindustrin samt IT industrin; två mycket olika industrier som dock båda struktureras av säsongsarbete respektive internationell outsourcing, och som alltmer använder tillfällig utländsk arbetskraft från Thailand respektive Indien. Genom begreppet utbudskedjor (supply chains) möjliggörs en analys av de relationer, samt de managementdiskurser, som påverkar dessa industrier. Avhandlingen utforskar hur föreställningar om cirkularitet, nation, kulturella skillnader, samt transnationella ekonomiska skillnader, förhandlas av aktörer inom näringslivet. Vidare diskuteras hur chefer relaterar till de diskurser och emotioner som en global ekonomisk omstrukturering och ett förändrat medborgarskap ger upphov till, vilket positionerar tillfälliga migrantarbetare som en del av, men ändå annorlunda än, svensk arbetskraft.
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Ciupijus, Zinovijus. "Being a migrant in the new destination : the analysis of social and labour market experiences of migrants residing in a medium-sized Northern English town." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9274/.
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This study focuses on migratory experiences in the locality situated in the North of England. This medium-sized town since the late 1990s became a destination for international migrants. Contemporary migration to this locality has been associated with two structural policies: the dispersal of refugees and asylum seekers by UK government and the opening of the UK labour market to the new EU citizens from Central Eastern Europe. The study’s sample has included migrant participants coming both from EU and non EU (dispersed) backgrounds. This piece of research is explorative and inductive in nature. Its ontological and epistemological stances are influenced by intepretivism. The data has been gathered through biographical and semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews and ethnographic observations. The data and its interpretations contributed to the understanding of the following aspects of migrant living in this locality: the motives of migration, the arrival mechanisms, the experiences of paid employment and informal work. The study also examines the local dynamics of ethnic intolerance and individual experiences of housing provision. The interpretation of empirical data is used to construct a theoretical analysis exploring the migration process in the locality which has a particular set of social and labour market characteristics.
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Nietes-Satapornvanit, Arlene. "Sustainable development of export-orientated farmed seafood in Thailand." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20283.
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Sustainable development of export-orientated farmed seafood in Thailand is a major issue which can impact local stakeholders as well as global food security. The major species taken into consideration in this research were initially the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), and striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). After which more focus was placed on Pacific white shrimp, which is Thailand’s major cultured seafood being traded for export, and tilapia, which has potential for export but also enjoying a good domestic market demand. Actors or stakeholders directly and indirectly involved in aquaculture value chains may have their own perceptions about sustainability affecting their operations, as various factors within and outside their own systems could affect these perceptions. This could lead to different efforts in responding to these factors to make their operations sustainable. Three major areas were covered in this study, namely a) describing the strengths and weaknesses of shrimp and tilapia production in Thailand in relation to their export potential, b) evaluating the status of compliance to global aquaculture standards of shrimp and tilapia farming (covering technical and labour aspects), and c) determining perceptions of sustainability across the shrimp and tilapia value chains in Thailand, with a focus on the production sector. A mixed-methods approach was employed to obtain information in the study sites in Thailand. Basic field interviews were conducted among 206 shrimp producers in 6 provinces in the east and south, and 199 tilapia producers in 4 provinces in the west and east, in terms of farm operations and perceptions of factors which will affect the sustainability of their operations, including generational aspects on future shrimp and tilapia farming. Key informant interviews were also conducted among other value chain actors (>30) such as hatchery/nursery operators, input/service providers, processors/exporters and technical/ institutional members to determine whether there are differences in their sustainability perceptions. In addition, face to face interviews with 18 shrimp farm male and female workers were conducted (Thai and migrant workers), as well as with 14 key informants involved in shrimp farm labour issues in Thailand, specifically for well-being and working conditions. Stakeholders cited environmental (technical), economic, social and institutional (equity) aspects of their operations as factors which will affect the sustainability of their operations. Disease, product price and water quality were the three most important sustainability factors among shrimp farmers, whereas water quality, disease and extreme weather conditions were for tilapia farmers. Product price was the most cited by input service providers, hatchery operators, shrimp and tilapia producers, and processors. Both Thai and migrant shrimp farm workers perceived a better or much better-off quality of life working in shrimp farms in Thailand than in their previous occupations or status. Almost all shrimp farms meet more than what are required under the Thai labour law or the global aquaculture standards for human resources. With the importance of migrant labour in Thailand, much still needs to be done in terms of assessing the impact of their working in Thailand on their families left behind in their own countries, as well as on their communities, including status of social protection to avoid exploitation. Each stakeholder group strives to achieve sustainability so they can remain in operation in the next few years, to survive on the business individually and corporately, and to be the best provider of sustainably and ethically produced seafood for the world. The compliance to aquaculture global standards and certifications may be considered to contribute to the sustainability of operations by improving farm practices thereby reducing detrimental impacts on farm and external environments, as well as strengthening human relations with in the farm and in the community. However there are some aspects of these standards which could eliminate the small players. In this study, the large scale farms were more likely to comply with all the standards, followed by medium scale, and lastly the small scale farms. The differences in perceptions which exist among these stakeholders should be understood by every sector and efforts should be made to address them so that there is cohesiveness in giving support to achieve sustainable seafood production and trade.
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Cheng, Li. "Labour surplus economy under transitions = a case study of chinese rural labour mobility = Transições na economia de mão de obra excedente: um estudo de caso da mobilidade da mão de obra rural na China." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286402.
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Orientadores: Carlos Alonso Barbosa de Oliveira, José Dari KreinDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T15:19:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cheng_Li_M.pdf: 3595185 bytes, checksum: eea0dacaa1c90e56db176a406edb0942 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Três décadas de reforma econômica e abertura, a China tem vivido uma fase de desenvolvimento de transições econômicas de um sistema planejado para a de um mercado, juntamente com um padrão de desenvolvimento típico dualista. A mobilidade do trabalho de um controle restrito durante o período de pré-reforma a um afrouxamento gradual pós-reforma, juntamente com a melhoria de industrialização e expansão da urbanização, apresentou uma transferência de massa sem precedentes em termos de tempo, espaço, ocupação, indústria e escala. No entanto, a sustentabilidade de tal modelo de desenvolvimento do crescimento econômico altamente determinado pela escala da força de trabalho excedente rural restante. Com a fermentação persistente da generalizada falta de trabalho desde 2004, a diminuição gradual do dividendo demográfico atribuído principalmente à implementação da política de planejamento familiar desde 1980, bem como os atuais crescimentos contínuos dos custos de trabalho e a desaceleração do crescimento econômico, quanto tempo pode durar este modelo de desenvolvimento econômico baseado na transferência de força de trabalho, tornou-se um acalorado debate e agitação no campo acadêmico socioeconômico. Portanto, esta pesquisa adotou uma perspectiva de desenvolvimento econômico, através da análise profunda sobre as famosas teorias de transferência de trabalho rural excedente, estabelecendo o modelo de força de trabalho tripartite como a principal contribuição teórica desta pesquisa, e combinado 35 anos de base de dados da China, fornecer uma situação real da transferência de força de trabalho rural excedente chinês
Abstract: Three decades of the economic reform and opening up, China has experienced a development stage of economic transitions from a planned system to a market one, along with a typical dualistic developmental pattern. Labour mobility from a restrict control during the period of pre-reform to a gradual loosening after the reform, along with the improvement of industrialization and expansion of urbanization, presented an unprecedented mass transfer in terms of time, space, occupation, industry and scale. However, the sustainability of such development model of economic growth highly determined by the scale of the remaining rural surplus labour force. With the persistent fermentation of the wide-spread of labour shortage ever since 2004, the gradual diminishing of the demographic dividend mainly attributed to the implementation of the family planning policy since 1980s, as well as the current continuous growing labour costs and the slow down economic growth, how long can this economic development model based on the transfer of labour force last, became a heated debate and socio-economic hotspots in the academic field. Therefore, this research adopted a development economics perspective, through the profound analysis over the famous theories of rural surplus labour transfer, established a tripartite labour supply model, combined 35 years data base from China, provide an actual situation of Chinese rural surplus labour transfer
Mestrado
Economia Social e do Trabalho
Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico
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Samaluk, Barbara. "Racialised 'price tag' : intersectional commodification of Central and Eastern European workers in the UK labour market." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2014. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/27207.
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This thesis explores the intersectional commodification of migrant labour from post-socialist EU Accession 8 (A8) countries and its effects on Polish and Slovenian migrant workers in the UK. Using historical and macro socio-economic contexts as its point of departure, the thesis aims to uncover how a postcolonial narrative surrounding A8 countries' transition to market economies and their accession to the EU has legitimised on-going colonial processes that construct A8 countries and their nationals as second class EU citizens and re-evaluate subjectivities in relation to the market. Further, it explores how this narrative has been appropriated by transnational employment agencies that colonise A8 countries and as such play an active role in commodifying A8 workers and supplying them to the UK. Moreover, the thesis sets out specifically to explore how this colonisation and its narrative affect workers' (self)value and emigration from Poland and Slovenia, as well as the value extraction possibilities and strategies of diverse actors involved in transnational labour relations between East and West. Through a transdisciplinary adoption of a Bourdieuian conceptual framework, this research offers an original theoretical and methodological toolkit for complex intersectional analyses that uncovers the multiple and misrecognised power relations associated with embodied categories, spatial and temporal dimensions and varying modalities of knowledge. As such, it uncovers on-going colonial processes that characterise a contemporary post-socialist world marked by changed transnationalised consumption and production processes and the marketization of cultural, diversity and identity politics. In this way, the research uncovers symbolic economy hidden under neoliberal (self)colonisation, which enables strategic utilisation of migrant labour and disciplines, segments and divides the global poor. By providing a broader comparative analysis of diverse actors and A8 groups, the thesis widens our understanding of A8 labour migration to the UK and also leads to insights into the remaking of class, race and gender politics on the local and global scales.
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Perschová, Kristína, and Mai Thu Ngo. "SKILLED MIGRANT SITUATION ON THE LABOUR MARKET : How do the Difficulties to Find a Job in Their Professional Field Affect The Job Search Motivation for Skilled Migrants?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160883.
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This thesis describes the current situation on the Swedish labour market as many skilledmigrants have problems to find a relevant job. It explains the barriers for employment, aswell as the support mechanisms used to help the integration on the labour market. Particularfocus lies on the job search motivation, and how do the difficulties to find a job in arelevant professional field affect the job search motivation, and what are the reasons forthese effects. Thematic analysis is used to find recurring themes in the data collected from 5 semistructured interviews, 2 questionnaires and 1 additional interview from an employeeworking with the skilled migrants. Empirical findings show, that the respondents feel that local companies prefer localemployees, and that the migrants ascribe their difficulties to find a relevant job position todiscrimination, as it is common that they get rejected without being able to meet thecompany’s representatives in person. Countless rejected applications are causing feelings offrustration, hopelessness and the migrants’ doubt their ability to find a relevant job, whichleads to decreased job search motivation and underemployment. Furthermore, therespondents are rather motivated by extrinsic motivational factors than intrinsic motivators.However, the findings show that they believe that the job search becomes easier withaccumulated experience and that the difficulties with finding the right job makes therespondents more committed to the attained job. Finally, the authors formulate suggestionsfor further research. KEYWORDS: labour market integration, skilled migrants, job search motivation
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Covane, Luis Antonio. "Migrant labour and agriculture in southern Mozambique with special reference to the lower Limpopo valley 1920-1992." Thesis, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481507.
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Mapira, L. "Trade unions are 'their own obstacles' unions' responses to undocumented migrant labour in post-apartheid South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3862.
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Yusuf, Dionisius [Verfasser]. "Women Migrant Street Food Vendors in Tangerang (Indonesia) and Hat Yai (Thailand): Family, Labour, and Income / Dionisius Yusuf." Kassel : kassel university press c/o Universität Kassel - Universitätsbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224925645/34.
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Nampala, Lovisa Tegelela. "The Impact of Migrant Labour Infrastructure on Contract Workers in and from Colonial Ovamboland, Namibia, 1915 to 1954." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8163.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDThis thesis explores the ways in which migrant labour infrastructure and the related operating practices of the South African colonial administration impacted on workers in and from the colonial north-central part of Namibia, formerly known as Ovamboland. This study stretches from the Union of South Africa’s occupation of the region in 1915 up to 1954 when the last Native Commissioner for Ovamboland completed his term of office and a new administrative phase began. Infrastructure refers to the essential facilities that an institution or communities install to use in order to connect or communicate.4 Vigne defines infrastructure as the mode of connections between techniques, practices, social values, cultures, economies and politics.5 This dissertation deals with two types of infrastructures.
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Liang, Meng. "Seasonal labour migration of Chinese agricultural workers to Kawata village : migrant realities, negotiations, and a collaborative power network." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709010.
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Gutierrez-Garza, Ana. "The everyday moralities of migrant women : life and labour of Latin American domestic and sex workers in London." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1067/.
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This thesis is about women migrants from different countries of Latin America who earn a living as domestic and sex workers in London. Fleeing their respective economic and social crises, these women, middle-class in their home countries, experience a variety of personal dislocations when working in London’s care service sector market that make them feel as though they have been transformed into “different people”. These temporal and personal estrangements derive from the everyday challenges they face as intimate labourers, their undocumented status and the inevitable experience of illegality, the downward status mobility they experience, and the uncertainties they feel towards the future. Exploring migrants’ narratives of their journeys to the UK, the thesis exposes both the personal predicaments and structural problems that “pushed” them to migrate, as well as recounting and analysing their everyday lives as intimate labourers, the complexities that emerge from the commodification of intimacy and the tactics they use to negotiate the conflicts (both personal and work related) that emerge from such occupations. Following their working lives, the thesis analyses their ways of recuperating the social status they think they have lost, and of constructing spaces of temporary “normality”. These choices allow them to “reconstruct their persons” while also reflecting on the limited options they have as intimate migrant labourers in London.