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1

Gazerani, Parisa. "Human Brain Organoids in Migraine Research: Pathogenesis and Drug Development." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4 (February 4, 2023): 3113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043113.

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Human organoids are small, self-organized, three-dimensional (3D) tissue cultures that have started to revolutionize medical science in terms of understanding disease, testing pharmacologically active compounds, and offering novel ways to treat disease. Organoids of the liver, kidney, intestine, lung, and brain have been developed in recent years. Human brain organoids are used for understanding pathogenesis and investigating therapeutic options for neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative, and neurological disorders. Theoretically, several brain disorders can be modeled with the aid of human brain organoids, and hence the potential exists for understanding migraine pathogenesis and its treatment with the aid of brain organoids. Migraine is considered a brain disorder with neurological and non-neurological abnormalities and symptoms. Both genetic and environmental factors play essential roles in migraine pathogenesis and its clinical manifestations. Several types of migraines are classified, for example, migraines with and without aura, and human brain organoids can be developed from patients with these types of migraines to study genetic factors (e.g., channelopathy in calcium channels) and environmental stressors (e.g., chemical and mechanical). In these models, drug candidates for therapeutic purposes can also be tested. Here, the potential and limitations of human brain organoids for studying migraine pathogenesis and its treatment are communicated to generate motivation and stimulate curiosity for further research. This must, however, be considered alongside the complexity of the concept of brain organoids and the neuroethical aspects of the topic. Interested researchers are invited to join the network for protocol development and testing the hypothesis presented here.
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2

Setiawati, Octa Reni, Akhmad Kheru Dharmawan, Woro Pramesti, and Ani Oktasari. "Hubungan Stres Dengan Kejadian Migrain Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati Di Saat Pandemi Covid-19." MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal 2, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v2i2.4520.

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ABSTRACT Stress is a general pattern of reactions and adaptations, in the sense that the pattern of reactions to stressors, which can come from within or outside the individual concerned, can be real or not. Headaches called migraines are headaches with pain attacks lasting 4 – 72 hours. Pain is usually unilateral, throbbing, moderate to severe pain intensity and exacerbated by activity, and may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia. Complaints that are quite frequent and disturbing from among these complaints are migraine complaints. Migraines can interfere with academic achievement and can limit student activities. To be able to determine the relationship between stress and migraine incidence in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Malahayati University during the Covid-19 pandemic. This type of research uses analytical research methods, namely research conducted to examine the relationship between 2 or more variables as many as 60 samples of students from the Faculty of Medicine, Malahayati University during the Covid-19 pandemic. that meet the inclusion criteria. Data collection began in September 2020. By using a questionnaire as the main measuring tool to collect data. The data were evaluated by Spearman's test. In this study, The research sample was 60 students, indicating that most of the respondents had normal stress levels (50.6%), and showed that most of the respondents had migraine levels (51.9%). The results of the Spearman correlation obtained p value = 0.000 and r = 0.746 because p = 0.000 <0.05. This study, there is a significant correlation between Stress and Migraine Incidence in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, Malahayati University during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Stress, Migraine, Covid-19 ABSTRAK Stres merupakan pola reaksi serta adaptasi umum, dalam arti pola reaksi menghadapi stresor, yang dapat berasal dari dalam maupun luar individu yang bersangkutan, dapat nyata maupun tidak nyata sifatnya. Nyeri kepala yang disebut migrain adalah nyeri kepala dengan serangan nyeri yang berlangsung 4 – 72 jam. Nyeri biasanya unilateral, sifatnya berdenyut, intensitas nyerinya sedang sampai berat dan diperhebat oleh aktivitas, dan dapat disertai mual muntah, fotofobia dan fonofobia. Keluhan yang cukup sering terjadi dan mengganggu dari antara keluhan tersebut adalah keluhan migrain. Migrain dapat menganggu prestasi akademik dan dapat membatasi kegiatan mahasiswa. Untuk dapat mengetahui Hubungan Stres dengan Kejadian Migrain pada Mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati disaat pandemi Covid-19. Jenis Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk menguji hubungan 2 variabel atau lebih sebanyak 60 sampel Mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati disaat pandemi Covid-19. yang memenuhi kriteria inkulsi. Pengambilan data dimulai pada bulan September 2020. Dengan menggunakan kuisioner sebagai alat ukur utama untuk mengumpulkan data. Data dievaluasi dengan uji Spearman. Didapatkan sampel penelitian berjumlah 60 Mahasiswa/i menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat stres normal (50,6%), dan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat migrain (51,9%). Hasil korelasi Spearman didapatkan nilai p=0.000 dan nilai r=0.746 karena nilai p=0.000 <0.05. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara Stres dengan Kejadian Migrain pada Mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati disaat pandemi Covid-19. Kata Kunci: Stress, Migrain, Covid-19
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3

Setiawati, Octa Reni, Akhmad Kheru Dharmawan, Woro Pramesti, and Ani Oktasari. "Hubungan Stres Dengan Kejadian Migrain Pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati Di Saat Pandemi Covid-19." MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal 2, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 390–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/mahesa.v2i2.4520.

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ABSTRACT Stress is a general pattern of reactions and adaptations, in the sense that the pattern of reactions to stressors, which can come from within or outside the individual concerned, can be real or not. Headaches called migraines are headaches with pain attacks lasting 4 – 72 hours. Pain is usually unilateral, throbbing, moderate to severe pain intensity and exacerbated by activity, and may be accompanied by nausea and vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia. Complaints that are quite frequent and disturbing from among these complaints are migraine complaints. Migraines can interfere with academic achievement and can limit student activities. To be able to determine the relationship between stress and migraine incidence in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Malahayati University during the Covid-19 pandemic. This type of research uses analytical research methods, namely research conducted to examine the relationship between 2 or more variables as many as 60 samples of students from the Faculty of Medicine, Malahayati University during the Covid-19 pandemic. that meet the inclusion criteria. Data collection began in September 2020. By using a questionnaire as the main measuring tool to collect data. The data were evaluated by Spearman's test. In this study, The research sample was 60 students, indicating that most of the respondents had normal stress levels (50.6%), and showed that most of the respondents had migraine levels (51.9%). The results of the Spearman correlation obtained p value = 0.000 and r = 0.746 because p = 0.000 <0.05. This study, there is a significant correlation between Stress and Migraine Incidence in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, Malahayati University during the Covid-19 pandemic. Keywords: Stress, Migraine, Covid-19 ABSTRAK Stres merupakan pola reaksi serta adaptasi umum, dalam arti pola reaksi menghadapi stresor, yang dapat berasal dari dalam maupun luar individu yang bersangkutan, dapat nyata maupun tidak nyata sifatnya. Nyeri kepala yang disebut migrain adalah nyeri kepala dengan serangan nyeri yang berlangsung 4 – 72 jam. Nyeri biasanya unilateral, sifatnya berdenyut, intensitas nyerinya sedang sampai berat dan diperhebat oleh aktivitas, dan dapat disertai mual muntah, fotofobia dan fonofobia. Keluhan yang cukup sering terjadi dan mengganggu dari antara keluhan tersebut adalah keluhan migrain. Migrain dapat menganggu prestasi akademik dan dapat membatasi kegiatan mahasiswa. Untuk dapat mengetahui Hubungan Stres dengan Kejadian Migrain pada Mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati disaat pandemi Covid-19. Jenis Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analitik yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan untuk menguji hubungan 2 variabel atau lebih sebanyak 60 sampel Mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati disaat pandemi Covid-19. yang memenuhi kriteria inkulsi. Pengambilan data dimulai pada bulan September 2020. Dengan menggunakan kuisioner sebagai alat ukur utama untuk mengumpulkan data. Data dievaluasi dengan uji Spearman. Didapatkan sampel penelitian berjumlah 60 Mahasiswa/i menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat stres normal (50,6%), dan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat migrain (51,9%). Hasil korelasi Spearman didapatkan nilai p=0.000 dan nilai r=0.746 karena nilai p=0.000 <0.05. Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara Stres dengan Kejadian Migrain pada Mahasiswa/i Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati disaat pandemi Covid-19. Kata Kunci: Stress, Migrain, Covid-19
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4

Yamanaka, Gaku, Shinji Suzuki, Natsumi Morishita, Mika Takeshita, Kanako Kanou, Tomoko Takamatsu, Shinichiro Morichi, et al. "Experimental and Clinical Evidence of the Effectiveness of Riboflavin on Migraines." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (July 29, 2021): 2612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082612.

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Riboflavin, a water-soluble member of the B-vitamin family, plays a vital role in producing energy in mitochondria and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Migraine pathogenesis includes neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, riboflavin is increasingly being recognized for its preventive effects on migraines. However, there is no concrete evidence supporting its use because the link between riboflavin and migraines and the underlying mechanisms remains obscure. This review explored the current experimental and clinical evidence of conditions involved in migraine pathogenesis and discussed the role of riboflavin in inhibiting these conditions. Experimental research has demonstrated elevated levels of various oxidative stress markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines in migraines, and riboflavin’s role in reducing these marker levels. Furthermore, clinical research in migraineurs showed increased marker levels and observed riboflavin’s effectiveness in reducing migraines. These findings suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with migraine pathogenesis, and riboflavin may have neuroprotective effects through its clinically useful anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress properties. Riboflavin’s safety and efficacy suggests its usefulness in migraine prophylaxis; however, insufficient evidence necessitates further study.
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5

Cooke, Lara J., and Werner J. Becker. "Migraine Prevalence, Treatment and Impact: The Canadian Women and Migraine Study." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 37, no. 5 (September 2010): 580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100010738.

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Background:The prevalence of migraine headache varies somewhat across geographic regions. The last Canadian population-based study of migraine was in 1994. We report the findings of the Canadian Women and Migraine Survey. In addition to reporting migraine prevalence in Canadian women, the survey identified current consultation and treatment practices of women with migraine, and the psychological burden of migraine.Methods:The survey was conducted with a population-based sample of 1210 women using standard telephone research methods. Headache diagnoses were based on the International Headache Society (IHS) Classification.Results:Calculated prevalence of migraine headache was 26%. Only 51% of women with migraine had consulted a physician about their headaches. Women with migraines rely on over-the-counter medications and non-specific prescription medications. Less than 10% of women with migraine use triptans/dihydroergotamine for primary treatment. Ninety seven percent of women with migraine reported at least one psychosocial impact resulting from migraines.Conclusions:The prevalence of migraine in Canadian women appears static, and is again shown to be slightly higher than that reported in the United States. As in other epidemiologic studies, many women with migraine do not seek medical help for their headaches and perhaps as a result, few are using migraine-specific medications to treat their headaches. The impact of migraine on Canadian women is substantial with almost all women with migraine reporting adverse psychosocial effects of migraines on their lives.
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6

Hunter, David. "Migraine research case – equipoise." Research Ethics 8, no. 1 (March 2012): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747016112441881.

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7

Testa, Georgia. "Migraine research case: Commentary." Research Ethics 8, no. 2 (June 2012): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747016112445966.

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8

Gurwitz, David, and Seymour Diamond. "Prioritizing migraine biomarkers research." Drug Development Research 68, no. 6 (2007): 267–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ddr.20189.

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9

Kumaat, Matthew A., Junita M. Pertiwi, and Arthur H. P. Mawuntu. "Hubungan antara Migrain dan Kafein." e-CliniC 9, no. 2 (March 16, 2021): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v9i2.32864.

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Abstract: Migraine is one of the primary headaches that often causes moderate to severe disability. One of the most commonly consumed psychoactive substances associated with migraine is caffeine. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between migraine and caffeine thoroughly based on various studies. This was a literature review study using databases of Pubmed/Medline, Cochrane, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Garuda. The eligibility criteria for this study were observational research articles or clinical trials, written in Indonesian or English, published in the last five years, and their fulltexts could be accessed. The results obtained 10 articles. Almost all of them showed that caffeine could cause migraine whether after caffeine consumption (non-absent group) or no consumption of caffeine (absent group). The association of caffeine with migraine was more significant than with tension headaches. Besides being a trigger factor of migraine, caffeine cpuld also act as a migraine therapy. In conclusion, there is a close association between migraine and caffeine. Migraine tends to be triggered than to be reduced by caffeine.Keywords: caffeine, migraine Abstrak: Migrain merupakan salah satu jenis nyeri kepala primer yang sering menyebabkan disabilitas sedang dan berat. Salah satu zat psikoaktif yang umum dikonsumsi dan berhubungan dengan migrain yaitu kafein. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah hubungan migrain dan kafein lebih mendalam berdasarkan berbagai penelitian. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review menggunakan database dari Pubmed/Medline, Cochrane, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, dan Garuda. Kriteria kelayakan artikel penelitian ialah artikel penelitian observasional atau uji klinis, ditulis dalam Bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris, terbit dalam lima tahun terakhir, dan naskah lengkap artikel dapat diakses secara lengkap. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 10 artikel penelitian. Hampir semua penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kafein dapat menyebabkan migrain baik setelah kafein dikonsumsi (kelompok nonabsen) maupun saat kafein sudah tidak dikonsumsi (kelompok absen). Hubungan kafein dengan migrain lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan nyeri kepala tipe tegang. Selain menjadi factor pencetus, kafein juga dapat berperan sebagai terapi migrain. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan erat antara migrain dan kafein. Migrain cenderung lebih sering dicetuskan oleh kafein dibandingkan diringankan oleh kafein.Kata kunci: kafein, migrain
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10

Mirza, Babar, and Wageha Akel. "Current Opinion in Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Migraine: A Focus on Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide." Neuro – Open Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17140/noj-8-136.

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The most common neurologic disorder is migraines. Migraine is defined as throbbing headaches that can be associated with auras. The headaches are episodic and can be debilitating in quality. Migraines can be triggered by emotional stress, lack of sleep, bright lights, loud noise, certain foods, and other environmental factors. The most effective way of preventing migraines is to avoid these triggers. A migraine can begin with prodromes or warning signs such as loss of vision, loss of motor reflexes or sensation. In this review, the types of migraine, signs and symptoms, pathways leading up to auras, and detailed pathophysiology will be discussed. The pathophysiology of a migraine consists of three different mechanisms: 1) cortical spreading depression, 2) the trigemino vascular system, and 3) sensitization. Three different treatment methods for a migraine will be discussed: 1) pharmacological, 2) non-pharmacological and 3) lifestyle modifications. Lifestyle modifications include eating a healthy diet, exercising, and maintaining proper sleep hygiene. Pharmacological treatments can be preventative or abortive. The latest migraine treatment of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonist use will be discussed in this review and compared to other treatments such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anticonvulsants, and Triptans. Future research methods to prevent and better treat migraine headaches are considered a hot topic in medicine and these novel methods will be discussed.
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Olesen, J., I. Lekander, P. Andlin-Sobocki, and B. Jönsson. "Funding of Headache Research in Europe." Cephalalgia 27, no. 9 (September 2007): 995–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01397.x.

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Migraine costs European Society ¬27 billion per year. Other headaches may account for a similar amount. Given this enormous impact, the question arises as to whether the funding of research efforts in this field are sufficient. A recent European study called the Resource Allocation to Brain Research in Europe (RABRE) examined funding of brain research. Identified charities and Government agencies in Europe filled out a questionnaire regarding their funding of brain diseases. Industry spending was evaluated by three different previously validated methods. In the present report, detailed results are presented for migraine and other headaches. In 2004, migraine research was funded by nearly €315 million. Of this, €308 million was invested by the pharmaceutical industry, whereas public funding was estimated at €7 million. No funding was identified for non-migraine headache disorders. Of the public spending, €714 000 came from private foundations. There was a very large difference between different European countries in the funding of headache research. When public funding was compared with the cost of different brain disorders, migraine funding was in the middle range. This was due to relatively large industry funding. Compared with societal costs, migraine received the least public funds amongst all brain disorders, i.e. 0.025%. We conclude that migraine attracts reasonable interest from the pharmaceutical industry, but Governmental and charity funding is extremely low and no funding was identified for non-migraine headache disorders. Considering the huge economic impact of these disorders, public funding of research into migraine and other headaches should be greatly increased in the future.
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12

Rajalekshmi K, Dhanya Dharman, Deepa Manohar, Shaiju S Dharan, Dhanya S S, and Bismi S. "A survey on functioning of male and female with migraine." International Journal of Research in Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy 1, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33974/ijrhcp.v1i3.127.

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Migraines are severe, recurring, and painful headaches. The extreme pain have that migraines cause can last for hours or even days. Migraines can follow an aura of sensory disturbances followed by a severe headache that often appears on one side of the head. Objective of the study include; To find out whether male and female are more prone to develop migraine, To evaluate which triggering factors contributes to migraine and To evaluate the people taking OTC for migraine. A Prospective survey will be carried out in 75 peoples using the information’s gathered from students in Pharmacy colleges in Trivandrum. This study provides the prevalence of migraine headache. Past history, medication usage, diagnosis, treatment, triggering factors, physical and intellectual activities was collected, analysed properly and response is recorded. These collected data will be subjected to statistical analysis. In the current research, a survey on functioning of male and female with migraine was formulated. Among the respondents about 18-35 age group is commonly affected migraine with 98.7%(n=74). Approximately, 63.5%(n=47) female are affected with migraine than 36.5%(n=27) male. About 11.16%(n=8) of patients taken prescription drugs and 52.2%(n=48) are taken over-the-counter medicines. Migraine worsened in 77.20%(n=48) patients with stress, 50%(n=33) bright sunshine, 33.30%(n=22) loud noise and others have air travel, fatigue, certain smells and perfume. The goal of management is to reduce frequency and severity of episodes in males and females. Also limit the impact of this chronic pain condition.
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13

Li, Christopher I., Robert W. Mathes, Elizabeth C. Bluhm, Bette Caan, Mary F. Cavanagh, Rowan T. Chlebowski, Yvonne Michael, Mary Jo O'Sullivan, Marcia L. Stefanick, and Ross Prentice. "Migraine History and Breast Cancer Risk Among Postmenopausal Women." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 6 (February 20, 2010): 1005–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.25.0423.

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Purpose Both migraine and breast cancer are hormonally mediated. Two recent reports indicate that women with a migraine history may have a lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer than those who never suffered migraines. This finding requires confirmation; in particular, an assessment of the influence of use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) is needed, because many studies indicate that NSAID use also may confer a reduction in breast cancer risk. Methods We assessed the relationship between self-reported history of migraine and incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer in 91,116 women enrolled on the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study prospective cohort from 1993 to 1998 at ages 50 to 79 years. Through September 15, 2005, there were 4,006 eligible patients with breast cancer diagnosed. Results Women with a history of migraine had a lower risk of breast cancer (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.80 to 98) than women without a migraine history. This risk did not vary by recent NSAID use. The lower risk was somewhat more pronounced for invasive estrogen-receptor–positive and progesterone-receptor–positive tumors (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.97), as no reduction in risk was observed for invasive ER-negative/PR-negative tumors (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.57), and this difference in risk estimates was borderline statistically significant (P = .06). Conclusion This study supports the hypothesis that a history of migraine is associated with a lower risk of breast cancer and that this relationship is independent of recent NSAID use.
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Gross, Elena C., Rainer J. Klement, Jean Schoenen, Dominic P. D’Agostino, and Dirk Fischer. "Potential Protective Mechanisms of Ketone Bodies in Migraine Prevention." Nutrients 11, no. 4 (April 10, 2019): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040811.

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An increasing amount of evidence suggests that migraines are a response to a cerebral energy deficiency or oxidative stress levels that exceed antioxidant capacity. The ketogenic diet (KD), a diet mimicking fasting that leads to the elevation of ketone bodies (KBs), is a therapeutic intervention targeting cerebral metabolism that has recently shown great promise in the prevention of migraines. KBs are an alternative fuel source for the brain, and are thus likely able to circumvent some of the abnormalities in glucose metabolism and transport found in migraines. Recent research has shown that KBs—D-β-hydroxybutyrate in particular—are more than metabolites. As signalling molecules, they have the potential to positively influence other pathways commonly believed to be part of migraine pathophysiology, namely: mitochondrial functioning, oxidative stress, cerebral excitability, inflammation and the gut microbiome. This review will describe the mechanisms by which the presence of KBs, D-BHB in particular, could influence those migraine pathophysiological mechanisms. To this end, common abnormalities in migraines are summarised with a particular focus on clinical data, including phenotypic, biochemical, genetic and therapeutic studies. Experimental animal data will be discussed to elaborate on the potential therapeutic mechanisms of elevated KBs in migraine pathophysiology, with a particular focus on the actions of D-BHB. In complex diseases such as migraines, a therapy that can target multiple possible pathogenic pathways seems advantageous. Further research is needed to establish whether the absence/restriction of dietary carbohydrates, the presence of KBs, or both, are of primary importance for the migraine protective effects of the KD.
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Mazumder, Amit Hassan, Kanika Goswami, and Karab Ali. "EFFECT OF VAMSHAMULA-KARPURA NASYA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ARDHAVABHEDAKA (MIGRAINE): A RESEARCH ARTICLE." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 9, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 1683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj1309082021.

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Ayurveda, the Science of life is an age-old medical system that has always propagated the importance of preventive as well as curative aspects of the diseases. Ardhavabhedaka is one of the Shiroroga(diseases of the head region) which has been correlated with Migraines. Under the umbrella of Headache, Migraine is amongst the world's lead- ing diseases. Ardhavabhedaka comes under the Urdhwajatrugata Vikaras where Nasya has been mentioned as the prime therapy for its management. Acharya Sushruta has mentioned one such Nasya formulation of vamsamula and karpura for its management. Though modern therapeutics has a wide range of drugs for the management of this disease, they are having serious side effects and habit-forming nature. Therefore, there is a need for a research study to find out the efficacy of this herbal Nasya formulation consisting of Vamsamula and Karpura for management of Ardhavbhedaka via Clinical intervention. After the clinical trial, it was observed that there was a highly significant improvement in clinical manifestations of Ardhavabhedaka (migraine). Keywords: Ardhavabhedaka, Migraine, Nasya, Vamshamoola, Karpura.
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Lance, James W. "FIFTY YEARS OF MIGRAINE RESEARCH." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Medicine 18, no. 3 (May 1988): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.1988.tb02043.x.

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17

Goadsby, Peter J. "New directions in migraine research." Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 9, no. 4 (July 2002): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jocn.2001.0967.

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18

WISE, THOMAS N. "Migraine: Clinical and Research Aspects." American Journal of Psychiatry 146, no. 5 (May 1989): 671—a—672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ajp.146.5.671-a.

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19

Hargreaves, Richard. "New Migraine and Pain Research." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 47, s1 (April 2007): S26—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2006.00675.x.

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20

Borsook, David, and Richard Hargreaves. "Brain Imaging in Migraine Research." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 50, no. 9 (October 2010): 1523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-4610.2010.01761.x.

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21

Jacobson, P. L. "Migraine: Clinical and Research Aspects." Neurology 38, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 1665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.38.10.1665-a.

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22

Bernstein, Carolyn, Jan Shifren, and Nasim Maleki. "Need for Migraine/Perimenopausal Research." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 58, no. 10 (September 8, 2018): 1670–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/head.13406.

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23

Chen, Chien-Hua, Cheng-Li Lin, and Chia-Hung Kao. "Gallbladder Stone Disease Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Migraines." Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 11 (November 21, 2018): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7110455.

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Background: Several pathophysiological mechanisms are shared in both gallbladder stone disease (GSD) and migraines. We assessed the migraine risk for patients diagnosed with GSD. Methods: We identified 20,427 patients who were diagnosed with GSD between 2000 and 2011 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) as the study cohort. We randomly selected 81,706 controls from the non-GSD population with frequency matching by age and index year for the control cohort. All patient cases were followed until the end of 2011 to measure the incidence of migraines. Results: The cumulative incidence of migraines was greater in patients with GSD than in those without GSD (log-rank test: p < 0.001). The risk of migraine (3.89 vs. 2.30 per 10,000 person-years, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.41–1.73) was greater for the GSD cohort than that for the non-GSD cohort. The risk of migraine increased with the time of follow-up after a diagnosis of GSD. The risk of migraine contributed by GSD was greater for all age groups. The risk of migraine for GSD patients with depression (aHR = 2.89, 95% CI = 2.21–3.77), anxiety (aHR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.58–2.70), and coronary artery disease (CAD) (aHR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.69–2.48) tended to be greater than that for GSD patients without depression (aHR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.39–1.72), anxiety (aHR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.46–1.81), and CAD (aHR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.47–1.85), respectively. Compared with the patients without GSD, the risk of developing migraines was greater in those GSD patients either with (aHR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.19–1.63) or without (aHR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.48–1.88) cholecystectomy. Compared with the GSD patients that have not had a cholecystectomy, the risk of developing migraines was lower in the GSD patients that had a cholecystectomy (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.69–0.99). Conclusions: GSD is associated with an increased risk of migraines in the Taiwanese population, but the risk diminishes after a cholecystectomy. Furthermore, in the development of migraines, GSD is synergic with some migraine-associated comorbidities, such as CAD, depression, and anxiety. Further study is necessary to clarify whether GSD is a causal risk factor for migraine.
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Feng, Yalun, Sujuan Zhang, and Yongmei Yan. "Clinical Research Progress on Physical Rehabilitation Therapy for Migraine." Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 5, no. 4 (August 4, 2021): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcnr.v5i4.2291.

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Migraine is a common and recurrent chronic disorder. Migraine is often associated with anxiety, depression and other emotional diseases. With the development of physical rehabilitation techniques, the long-term clinical efficacy of rehabilitation in the treatment of migraine and the prevention of recurrence have been widely accepted. This paper reviews the effectiveness of physical rehabilitation therapy in clinical treatment of migraine in recent years.
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Tfelt-Hansen, P. "History of Headache Research in Denmark." Cephalalgia 21, no. 7 (September 2001): 748–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/033310240102100702.

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Headache research in Denmark started with the description in 1949 by Dalsgaard-Nielsen of the percutaneous nitroglycerin test. In 1976 Jes Olesen started The Copenhagen Acute Headache Clinic and from that time modern headache research began in Denmark. Specific changes in regional cerebral blood flow during attacks of migraine with aura, spreading oligaemia, were described for the first time in 1980. The first headache classification with operational diagnostic criteria was published in 1988 and used in a Danish population study from 1989. The lifetime prevalence of migraine was 8% in men and 25% in women. An intravenous nitroglycerin test was introduced in 1989 and has been developed as an experimental headache model. In 1993 it was suggested by Jes Olesen et al. that NO supersensitivity could be a possible molecular mechanism of migraine pain. Recent genetic studies have supported the distinction between migraine with aura and migraine without aura. From the middle of the 1980s the pathophysiology of tension-type headache has been investigated and recent results indicate central sensitization in patients with chronic tension-type headache.
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Blau, J. "Migraine: Clinical and Research Advances (Fifth International Migraine Symposium London 1984)." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 49, no. 8 (August 1, 1986): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.49.8.976-a.

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Dave, Jonathan, Esdras Ardi Pramudita, and Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon. "Stress Levels Determine Migraine Incidence in Medical Students of Duta Wacana Christian University." AKSONA 2, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/aksona.v2i2.35815.

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Highlight: Stress can trigger migraine. There is a significant relationship between stress levels and the occurence of migraine The higher the stress level, the higher the risk of migraine ABSTRACT Introduction: Migraine is the second most common primary headache after tension-type headache. Stress is one of the factors that can contribute to migraine occurrence. Medical students are subjected to a high-stress level due to their educational program, which increases their risk of migraine. Objective: To measure the relationship between stress levels and migraine occurrence in medical students of Duta Wacana Christian University, batch 2020. Methods: This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional method and involved 61 respondents from the medical students of Duta Wacana Christian University, batch 2020, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Respondents were required to approve informed consent and complete the Perceived Stress Scale and Migraine Screen Questionnaire before conducting the research. Results: The Chi-Square for Trend statistical analysis for trends showed that stress levels were related to migraine (p < 0.05), age variables revealed no association with migraine (p > 0.05), and gender revealed that the sexes had a relationship with migraine (p < 0.05). Using Fisher's statistical technique, this study found that menstrual status has no association with migraine (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Stress levels and migraine frequency were significantly correlated, meaning that high-stress levels can trigger migraines.
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Haslam, Rebecca L., Aaron Bezzina, Jaimee Herbert, Neil Spratt, Megan E. Rollo, and Clare E. Collins. "Can Ketogenic Diet Therapy Improve Migraine Frequency, Severity and Duration?" Healthcare 9, no. 9 (August 26, 2021): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091105.

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Migraine is the third most common condition worldwide and is responsible for a major clinical and economic burden. The current pilot trial investigated whether ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) is superior to an evidence-informed healthy “anti-headache” dietary pattern (AHD) in improving migraine frequency, severity and duration. A 12-week randomised controlled crossover trial consisting of the two dietary intervention periods was undertaken. Eligible participants were those with a history of migraines and who had regularly experienced episodes of moderate or mildly intense headache in the previous 4 weeks. Migraine frequency, duration and severity were assessed via self-report in the Migraine Buddy© app. Participants were asked to measure urinary ketones and side effects throughout the KDT. Twenty-six participants were enrolled, and 16 participants completed all sessions. Eleven participants completed a symptom checklist; all reported side-effects during KDT, with the most frequently reported side effect being fatigue (n = 11). All completers experienced migraine during AHD, with 14/16 experiencing migraine during KDT. Differences in migraine frequency, severity or duration between dietary intervention groups were not statistically significant. However, a clinically important trend toward lower migraine duration on KDT was noted. Further research in this area is warranted, with strategies to lower participant burden and promote adherence and retention.
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Todd Troost, B. "Progress in Migraine Research. Volume 2." American Journal of Ophthalmology 99, no. 4 (April 1985): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9394(85)90043-1.

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Dima, Lorena, Andreea Bălan, Marius Alexandru Moga, Cătălina Georgeta Dinu, Oana Gabriela Dimienescu, Ioana Varga, and Andrea Elena Neculau. "Botulinum Toxin a Valuable Prophylactic Agent for Migraines and a Possible Future Option for the Prevention of Hormonal Variations-Triggered Migraines." Toxins 11, no. 8 (August 8, 2019): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11080465.

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Background: In 1989, Botulinum toxin (BoNT) was accepted by the FDA for the management of some ophthalmic disorders. Although it was initially considered a lethal toxin, in recent times, Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A), which is the more used serotype, has expanded to cover different clinical conditions, primarily characterized by neuropathic pain, including migraines and headaches. Evidence suggests that migraines are influenced by hormonal factors, particularly by estrogen levels, but very few studies have investigated the prevalence and management strategies for migraines according to the hormonal status. The effects of several therapeutic regimens on migraines have been investigated, but the medications used varied widely in proven efficacies and mechanisms of action. BoNT-A is increasingly used in the management of migraine and several placebo-controlled trials of episodic and chronic migraine are currently underway. This paper is a review of the recently published data concerning the administration of BoNT-A in the prevention of chronic migraines. Considering the lack of population-based studies about the effectiveness of BoNT-A in the alleviation of premenstrual and perimenopausal migraines, this study proposes a new perspective of the therapeutic approach of migraine syndrome associated with menopausal transition and the premenstrual period. Methods: We selected the reviewed papers from CrossRef, PubMed, Medline, and GoogleScholar, and a total of 21 studies met our inclusion criteria. Results: To date, no specific preventive measures have been recommended for menopausal women with migraines. BoNT-A often reduces the frequency and intensity of migraine attacks per month; the treatment is well tolerated and does not exhibit a significantly higher rate of treatment-related side effects. No population-based studies were conducted in order to highlight the role of BoNT-A in menopause-related migraines, neither in menstrual migraines. Conclusion: There is a need for further research in order to quantify the real burden of menstrual and perimenopausal migraines and to clarify if BoNT-A could be used in the treatment of refractory postmenopausal and premenstrual migraines.
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Wang, Qing-Rui, Ying-Yi Lu, Ying-Ju Su, Hao Qin, Li Zhang, Ming-Kung Wu, Cong-Liang Zhang, and Chieh-Hsin Wu. "Migraine and traumatic brain injury: a cohort study in Taiwan." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (July 2019): e027251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027251.

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ObjectiveTraumatic brain injury is now a major contributor to the global healthcare burden. Migraine is another debilitating disease with a global health impact. While most researchers agree that traumatic brain injury is a risk factor for migraine, whether migraine is a risk factor for traumatic brain injury still remains under debate. We therefore aimed to investigate whether migraine was a risk factor for developing traumatic brain injury.Study designRetrospective population-based cohort study.SettingData for people who had been diagnosed with migraine were retrieved from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database.ParticipantsWe identified 7267 patients with newly diagnosed migraine during 1996–2010. The migraineurs to non-migraineurs ratio was set at 1:4 to enhance the power of statistical tests.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe used multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models to assess the effects of migraines on the risk of traumatic brain injury after adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThe overall traumatic brain injury risk was 1.78 times greater in the migraine group compared with the non-migraine group after controlling for covariates. Additionally, patients with previous diagnoses of alcohol-attributed disease, mental disorders and diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher traumatic brain injury risk compared with those with no history of these diagnoses.ConclusionsThis study of a population-based database indicated that migraine is a traumatic brain injury risk factor. Greater attention to migraine-targeted treatment modalities may reduce traumatic brain injury-related morbidity and mortality.
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Spekker, Eleonóra, Tamás Körtési, and László Vécsei. "TRP Channels: Recent Development in Translational Research and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Migraine." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010700.

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Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder that affects approximately 12% of the population. The cause of migraine headaches is not yet known, however, when the trigeminal system is activated, neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) are released, which cause neurogenic inflammation and sensitization. Advances in the understanding of migraine pathophysiology have identified new potential pharmacological targets. In recent years, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels have been the focus of attention in the pathophysiology of various pain disorders, including primary headaches. Genetic and pharmacological data suggest the role of TRP channels in pain sensation and the activation and sensitization of dural afferents. In addition, TRP channels are widely expressed in the trigeminal system and brain regions which are associated with the pathophysiology of migraine and furthermore, co-localize several neuropeptides that are implicated in the development of migraine attacks. Moreover, there are several migraine trigger agents known to activate TRP channels. Based on these, TRP channels have an essential role in migraine pain and associated symptoms, such as hyperalgesia and allodynia. In this review, we discuss the role of the certain TRP channels in migraine pathophysiology and their therapeutic applicability.
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Dzator, Jemima S. A., Peter R. C. Howe, Kirsten G. Coupland, and Rachel H. X. Wong. "A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of Resveratrol Supplementation for Prophylaxis of Hormonal Migraine." Nutrients 14, no. 9 (April 22, 2022): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091763.

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Resveratrol, a vasoactive phytoestrogen, has beneficial effects on cerebrovascular function. Previous research has shown that hormonal migraineurs have poorer cerebrovascular function than non-migraineur women. We aimed to investigate if resveratrol supplementation for three months could reduce the hormonal migraine burden index (HMBI: the number of days with menstrual migraine per month), reduce migraine-related disability and improve migraine-related quality of life. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, intervention trial was conducted in 62 hormonal migraineurs (mean age: 37.5 ± 0.8 years). Participants consumed 75 mg of resveratrol or matching placebo capsules twice daily for three months before crossing over to the other treatment arm. Participants completed a daily diary and the Headache Impact Test-6™, Migraine Disability Assessment and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life questionnaires at months 0, 3 and 6. The HMBI was the primary outcome and was calculated using data extracted from the participant’s diary. No differences in the HMBI (p = 0.895), the Headache Impact Test-6™, the Migraine Disability Assessment and Migraine-Specific Quality of Life were found between the resveratrol and placebo treatments. Resveratrol supplementation for three months did not affect the HMBI, the migraine-related disability or quality of life measures in our cohort of hormonal migraineurs.
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Athaillah, Athaillah, Yazid Dimyati, Johannes H. Saing, Bistok Saing, Hakimi Hakimi, and Aznan Lelo. "Riboflavin as migraine prophylaxis in adolescents." Paediatrica Indonesiana 52, no. 3 (June 30, 2012): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.14238/pi52.3.2012.132-7.

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Background Migraine is a cause of recurrent headaches inchildren. Riboflavin has been sho\Vll to be efficacious in preventingmigraine in adults. However, there has been little research on itsuse in children and adolescents.Objective To assess the effectiveness of riboflavin for migraineprevention in adolescents.Methods We conducted a randomized, double􀁅blind, controlledtrial in the Islamic Centre of the Musthafav.iyah Mandailing NatalDistrict, North Sumatera, from May to July 2010. Adolescents\\lith migraines, as defined criteria, were included. Subjects were divided into two groups,receiving either 400 mg of riboflavin or placebo for 3 months.Headache frequency was measured in headache days per month,headache duration was measured in hours, and functionaldisability was measured using the Pediatric Migraine DisabilityAssessment Scale (PedMIDAS). Migraines were assessed before,during and after intervention. Student's t􀁅test was used forstatistical analysis.Results A total of 98 patients, ranging from 12 to 19 years inage (mean age 14.0 years) were enrolled. We found a significantreduction in headache frequency in the second and third months.Headache duration also differed significantly third months (P=0.012 and P=O.OOl, respectively). Riboflavindecreased disability, as indicated by lower PedMIDAS scores inthe riboflavin group compared to the placebo group (26.1 and34.3, respectively, P= 0.001).Conclusion Riboflavin effectively decreased migraine frequency,duration and disability in adolescents. [Paediatr Indones.2012;52:132-7].
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Deng, Hao, Qiushi Wang, Dana P. Turner, Katherine E. Sexton, Sara M. Burns, Matthias Eikermann, Dianbo Liu, Dan Cheng, and Timothy T. Houle. "Sentiment analysis of real-world migraine tweets for population research." Cephalalgia Reports 3 (January 1, 2020): 251581631989886. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515816319898867.

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Background: Migraine is a highly prevalent disorder that is typically episodic in nature. Social network data reflecting personal commentary on everyday life patterns, including those interrupted by migraine, represent a unique window into the real-life experience of those willing to share them. The experience of a migraine attack might be captured by twitter text data, and this information might be used to complement our current knowledge of activity in the general population and even lead to enhanced prediction. Objective: To characterize tweets reporting migraine activity and to explore their social-behavior features as foundation for further investigations. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study utilizing 1 month of Twitter data from November to December 2014 was conducted. Tweets containing the word “migraine” were extracted, preprocessed, and managed using natural language processing (NLP) techniques. User behavior profiles including tweeting frequencies, high-frequency words, and sentimental presentations were reported and analyzed. Results: During the observation period, 98,622 tweets were captured from 77,335 different users. The overall sentiment of tweets was slightly negative for expressive tweets but neutral for informative tweets. Among posted negative expressive tweets, we found a strong tendency that high-frequent expressions were those with the extreme sentiment, and profanity was common. Conclusions: Twitter users with migraine showed distinct sentimental patterns while suffering from disease onsets exemplified by posting tweets with extreme negative sentiments.
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Folchini, Caroline Mensor, Paulo Sergio Faro Santos, Jessica Giraldes, Amanda Batista Machado, and Pedro André Kowacs. "Migraine with aura after clopidogrel withdrawal: evidence of inflammation as a migraine trigger? – Case report." Headache Medicine 13, no. 4 (December 28, 2022): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.48208/headachemed.2022.36.

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This article presents the case of a PFO (patent foramen ovale) closure patient with double antiplatelet therapy in whom aspirin was discontinued before clopidogrel and that, at clopidogrel withdrawal, presented “de novo” migraine with visual aura attacks. Migraines with aura associated with atrial right-to-left shunts (PFO and other atrial septal defects) are attributed to the arrival of vasoactive substances in the brain, since not cleared by the lungs. In this case, discontinuation of clopidogrel one year after PFO closure induced “de novo” migraine with aura. Conclusion Rather than confirming the prophylactic effects of clopidogrel for migraine with aura, its triggering at clopidogrel withdrawal is more likely related to a proinflammatory effect of discontinuing clopidogrel. This proinflammatory effect has been described in cardiological research, and reinforces that patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel and aspirin) should always have clopidogrel discontinued before aspirin in order to avoid proinflammatory or pro-thrombotic events.
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Spekker, Eleonóra, Masaru Tanaka, Ágnes Szabó, and László Vécsei. "Neurogenic Inflammation: The Participant in Migraine and Recent Advancements in Translational Research." Biomedicines 10, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10010076.

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Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by a unilateral, throbbing, pulsing headache, which lasts for hours to days, and the pain can interfere with daily activities. It exhibits various symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light, sound, and odors, and physical activity consistently contributes to worsening pain. Despite the intensive research, little is still known about the pathomechanism of migraine. It is widely accepted that migraine involves activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system. It leads to the release of several pro-inflammatory neuropeptides and neurotransmitters and causes a cascade of inflammatory tissue responses, including vasodilation, plasma extravasation secondary to capillary leakage, edema, and mast cell degranulation. Convincing evidence obtained in rodent models suggests that neurogenic inflammation is assumed to contribute to the development of a migraine attack. Chemical stimulation of the dura mater triggers activation and sensitization of the trigeminal system and causes numerous molecular and behavioral changes; therefore, this is a relevant animal model of acute migraine. This narrative review discusses the emerging evidence supporting the involvement of neurogenic inflammation and neuropeptides in the pathophysiology of migraine, presenting the most recent advances in preclinical research and the novel therapeutic approaches to the disease.
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ÖZŞİMŞEK, Ahmet, Burak YULUG, Ece Özdemir ÖKTEM, Şeyda ÇANKAYA, and Umut DURAN. "THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 INFECTION AND TREATMENT ON MIGRAINE DISABILITY AND PAIN SCORES." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED ACADEMIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS, no. 44 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.17363/sstb.2022/abcd89/.44.3.

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Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of favipravir used for treating Covid-19 infection and other infectious diseases, on migraine severity and frequency through VAS (Visual Analog Scale), MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assesment Scale). Methods: The study was planned retrospectively, from January 2020 to September 2021, to evaluate patient demographical features who have received migraine diagnosis before or after Covid-19 infection (3 months) admitted in the neurology outpatient clinics of Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University Training and Research Hospital. Findings: From 70 patients in total 12 (17.1%) of the patients involved in the study were male, while 58 (82.9%) were female. 32 (45.7%) of patients used favipravir and 38 (54.3%) did not use Favipravir. The number of migraine attacks after Covid-19 were found significantly lower than the average of the VAS and Midas scores before covid infection. The average number of migraines before Covid-19 infection was 4.31 ± 2.80, which was found as 3.54 ± 3.07 after the Covid-19 infection. The effect of favipravir use on headache parameters before Covid-19 and after Covid-19 for patients were found similar (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Our study, provides valuable data on the effects of infection and/or isolation on migraine frequency and severity, possibly exerting a prophylactic effect for migraine type headaches.
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Owens, Ronnise, Sherly Smith, and Craig Marker. "A-129 The Association between Parental Migraine History and Persistent Post Traumatic Headaches." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (August 30, 2021): 1180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.147.

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Abstract Objective Literature indicates persistent concussive symptoms beyond the typical recovery time of days or weeks are attributable to factors other than concussion or mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) (Scott et al., 2020). Post traumatic headaches (PTH) are a frequent complaint of pediatric patients who have sustained a mTBI. Research have indicated that parental migraine and mTBI may put children at risk for PTH (Whitecross, 2020). This systematic review aims to further investigate the relationship between parental history of migraine and PTH in pediatric patients who have sustained a concussion. Data Selection A search was conducted using, Medline, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases with the terms “pediatric”, “concussion”, “parental”, and “headache” between 2011 and 2021. A total of 200 relevant articles were screened and 14 were selected for this review. Exclusion criteria included studies unrelated child migraines, concussion or mTBI diagnosis, and parental history. Data Synthesis A review of literature indicates a 42% heritability and earlier onset of migraine diagnosis for children with parental migraine history (Dao et al., 2018; Eidlitz-Markus et al 2015). This indicates a significant risk factor for persistent post concussive symptoms and possibly direct implications in the slower rate of recovery (Sufrinko et al., 2018). Conclusion Overall, this systematic review strongly suggests that a genetic predisposition for migraines may serve as a catalyst for onset and duration of PTH and the earlier diagnosis of pediatric migraines. Consideration of these predispositions can aid the multidisciplinary approach to improve cognitive and neurobehavioral health in the pediatric population.
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Barchakh, Zahra, Zahra Mardani Valandani, and Fariborz Khorvash. "The Effectiveness of Compassion-focused Therapy for Improving Emotional Control and Reducing the Severity of Pain in Migraine Patients." Practice in Clinical Psychology 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jpcp.9.1.740.1.

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Objective: Because of the unwanted effects of the patient’s migraine headaches and the role of excitement and stress in the development and exacerbation of headaches, migraine headaches are psychosomatic disorders that affect the patients’ psychological lives. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) for improving emotional control and reducing the severity of pain in patients with migraines. Methods: A total of 30 patients with migraines referred to Isfahan Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan City, Iran, were selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The research instruments included the Emotion Control Questionnaire (ECQ), von Korff’s questionnaire for grading the severity of chronic pain, and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. The experimental group received eight 90-min sessions of CFT, and both groups took the post-test after finishing the training sessions. Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics, including mean, standard deviation, Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA), and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The results showed that the training based on CFT had a significant effect on improving emotional control and its subscales (F=21.81; P<0.01), as well as reducing pain severity in the patients (F=17.21; P<0.01). Conclusion: Therefore, in treating migraine patients, CFT can be a useful supplementary approach along with medications.
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Liu, Tang-Hua, Zhen Wang, Fang Xie, Yan-Qing Liu, and Qing Lin. "Contributions of aversive environmental stress to migraine chronification: Research update of migraine pathophysiology." World Journal of Clinical Cases 9, no. 9 (March 26, 2021): 2136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i9.2136.

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42

Li, Xue, and Rilan Chen. "Clinical Research Progress of Acupuncture for Migraine." International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Research 6, no. 2 (March 23, 2022): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26855/ijcemr.2022.04.006.

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43

SUZUKI, Norihiro, and Toshihiko SHIMIZU. "Perspective of Migraine Research -Present and Future." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 16, no. 7 (2011): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.16.7_78.

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44

Hanington, Edda. "Book Review: Migraine — Clinical and Research Advances." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 80, no. 7 (July 1987): 469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688708000728.

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45

Cummings, Mike. "Research Shorts: Acupuncture for Migraine (N=960)." Acupuncture in Medicine 24, no. 4 (December 2006): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.24.4.188.

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46

Linde, M., A. May, V. Limmroth, and C. Dahlöf. "Ethical Aspects of Placebo in Migraine Research." Cephalalgia 23, no. 7 (September 2003): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.2003.00529.x.

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Randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials have been the ‘golden standard’ during the last decades in the development of new drug therapies. This scientifically valid approach has recently been questioned in the fifth revised version of the Declaration of Helsinki, which states that the use of placebo-controlled clinical trials is only acceptable when no proven treatment exists for the studied disease. The World Medical Association further claims that no national ethical, legal or regulatory requirements should be allowed to reduce or eliminate any of the statements in the declaration. In spite of this, the document is not generally accepted as the world ethical standard, as demonstrated by its lack of adoption by many professional associations. In the evaluation process for a drug to be approved in many countries today, clinical investigators at the hospitals and researchers at the pharmaceutical companies are obliged to use study protocols that would be rejected if the new declaration were to be fully adopted. Adherence to the clinical trial guidelines of the International Headache Society could also mean violation of the new Helsinki declaration of ethics. Some ethics committees have already adopted the new declaration, which has caused concern among clinical investigators, who find this document to be vastly out of the line with common practice. At the moment, the situation is unclear and debated with increasing polarity concerning the scientific and ethical issues regarding the use of placebo in clinical trials.
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Schulte, Laura H., and Arne May. "Headache research in 2014: advancing migraine therapy." Lancet Neurology 14, no. 1 (January 2015): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70295-9.

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Eisenstein, Michael. "Closing the gender gap in migraine research." Nature 586, no. 7829 (October 14, 2020): S16—S17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02867-4.

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MAHONEY, DIANA. "Child Migraine Guidelines Decry Lack of Research." Family Practice News 35, no. 4 (February 2005): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(05)71491-2.

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Shibata, Mamoru. "Contribution of animal studies to migraine research." Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience 8, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ncn3.12359.

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