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Journal articles on the topic 'Mig'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Meng, Ling Dong, Qing Zhang, Yue Lan Di, and Wei Shen. "Research and Development of Precision MIG/MAG Welding." Advanced Materials Research 1095 (March 2015): 824–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1095.824.

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MIG/MAG welding is a precision technology of high quality and high efficiency, and widely used. In this paper, the development of MIG/MAG welding was introduced, also the defect was analyzed. The principle and characteristic of T.I.M.E welding, Tandem MIG/MAG welding and wave controlled MIG/MAG welding was discussed. Then the further development trend of precision MIG/MAG welding was pointed out, providing a theory guide for using in equipped maintenance.

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2

Cremon Junior, Onivaldo Aparecido, Victor Hidenari Arashiro Do Nascimento, Evaldo Ferezin, and Maria Aparecida Bovério. "COMPARAÇÕES NA SOLDAGEM MIG/MAG." SITEFA - Simpósio de Tecnologia da Fatec Sertãozinho 2, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33635/sitefa.v2i1.73.

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Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre a padronização da soldagem: deposição do metal de adição, qualidade no processo e produtividade e automatização na fabricação de 10 boilers de chopeira, sendo 05 em processo manual e 05 em processo robótico (automatizado). Por meio de um estudo de caso e de uma pesquisa experimental, o procedimento foi feito usando cronometragem, pesagem e inspeção visual da soldagem, realizados com dados observados em situações reais de serviços, nos processos semiautomático e automático, utilizando robô de solda. O problema de pesquisa foi verificar se o investimento na automação do processo de fabricação de boilers na empresa Indústria e Comércio de Chopeiras Ribeirão Preto Ltda garante o retorno no aumento na produção, na qualidade e na padronização do processo. Assim, a pesquisa teve como objetivo comparar a produtividade de um processo manual com a de um robô e analisar se o investimento na automação proporciona garantias do retorno. Concluiu-se que a soldagem robótica possui um ganho em relação a soldagem manual, nos quesitos qualidade, tempo de soldagem e padronização do processo. No entanto, o investimento vale apena para uma empresa desde que seja uma produção em alta escala e com produto repetitivo.

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3

Jastrzębski, Ryszard. "Control of MIG/MAG welding machines." Welding International 29, no. 6 (November 7, 2014): 454–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507116.2014.937592.

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4

Dolinenko, V. V., E. V. Shapovalov, V. A. Kolyada, and T. G. Skuba. "Synthesis of Fuzzy Logic Mathematical Model for Adaptive Control of the Mig/Mag Surfacing." Èlektronnoe modelirovanie 43, no. 5 (October 4, 2021): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/emodel.43.05.043.

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A functional transformer with fuzzy logic is synthesized, which allows to get the estimations of weld beads height and width at the arbitrary values of entry parameters: wire feed speed and torch transverse oscillations amplitude. The influence of these input parameters on the base metal penetration and beads geometric parameters, welded using MIG/MAG process, were studied. Surfacing was performed by a robotic system with an arc power supply "Fronius TPS- 320i", which operated in the mode of arc process synergetic control. The formation of both individual beads and surfacing layers at different overlap coefficients has been studied. The arc surfacing process was realized in a mixture of protective gases (Ar+18%CO2) using a welding wire Св-08Г2С with a 1.0 mm diameter. Surfacing speed – 4 mm/s, frequency of welding torch oscillations – 1 Hz. The obtained experimental dependences of beads width and height, as well as the length of the welding pool can be used in both: creating of multi-pass MIG/MAG surfacing program for robotic restoration of critical purposes parts surfaces, and in preparing of FEM model of MIG/MAG surfacing.

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5

Scotti, Américo, and Lindbergh Souza Monteiro. "Uma metodologia para parametrização do processo MIG/MAG CA." Soldagem & Inspeção 17, no. 3 (September 2012): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242012000300011.

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O processo MIG/MAG CA tem um potencial muito grande de aplicação, por permitir unir as características da soldagem MIG/MAG convencional (corrente contínua, com o eletrodo no positivo) com as de se usar corrente negativa na soldagem MIG/MAG. Entretanto, o formato de onda de corrente (alternada, pulsada no positivo e constante no negativo) demanda uma seleção criteriosa de seus inúmeros parâmetros de regulagem, o que vem limitando o estudo e aplicação desta versão de processo MIG/MAG. O objetivo deste trabalho foi propor e avaliar uma metodologia capaz de estimar os parâmetros de regulagem do processo MIG/MAG CA, de tal forma a se obter soldas com estabilidade de comprimento de arco e cordões com geometria adequada. É feita uma descrição passo a passo da definição dos parâmetros de entrada e da forma de se obter experimentalmente alguns valores de parâmetros necessários para estimação de outros valores de regulagem. As equações de estimação são apresentadas e discutidas. É feita uma demonstração da aplicação da metodologia, com a validação dos resultados pela comparação entre valores estimados e reais.

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6

Resende, André Alves de, Valtair Antonio Ferraresi, Américo Scotti, and Jair Carlos Dutra. "Influência das correntes de soldagem do processo plasma-MIG sobre a geometria do cordão de solda e taxa de fusão do arame." Soldagem & Inspeção 14, no. 4 (December 2009): 320–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242009000400006.

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Uma das versões do processo Plasma-MIG consiste basicamente da combinação de um arco Plasma com um arco MIG/MAG em uma única tocha. Com essa associação, se procura unir vantagens individuais de cada arco. A principal característica consiste na independência entre o aporte de energia imposto pelo processo e o material adicionado, resultando em uma maior facilidade em atuar sobre a geometria do cordão de solda. Na literatura corrente existem poucas informações relacionadas com o processo, além de que a maioria remota principalmente das décadas de 70 e 80, quando a tecnologia disponível não era capaz de viabilizar o processo para a indústria da época. No entanto, nos últimos anos, a difusão das novas fontes eletrônicas utilizadas em soldagem contribuiu na retomada do interesse pelo processo Plasma-MIG. Neste contexto, este trabalho objetivou ampliar os estudos relacionados à influência do balanço das correntes Plasma e MIG/MAG sobre a geometria do cordão de solda e taxa de fusão do arame. Soldagens de simples deposição sobre chapa forma realizadas com uma combinação de corrente de Plasma e de MIG/MAG em 3 níveis cada, mantendo-se, pela correção da velocidade de soldagem, o mesmo volume de cordão. Foi observado que a introdução da corrente Plasma sobre a corrente MIG/MAG reduz a penetração e a diluição e proporciona cordões menos convexos. Por outro lado, o uso da corrente Plasma faz aumentar a taxa de fusão do arame MIG/MAG. Entretanto, parece que a intensidade da corrente Plasma não é o fator governante nestas alterações.

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7

Miranda, Rafael Santos. "Monitoramento de cordão de Solda MIG/MAG." Brazilian Journal of Business 2, no. 3 (2020): 1807–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.34140/bjbv2n3-001.

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8

Solodskiy, S. A., Yu N. Saraev, A. G. Malchik, and S. E. Korotkov. "Technology Of MIG-MAG Welds Strength Enhancement." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 142 (August 2016): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/142/1/012016.

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9

Oster, Rose-Marie G., and Vibeke Grønfeldt. "Om mig." World Literature Today 77, no. 1 (2003): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40157914.

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10

Nielsen, Mette Lykke, Mette Toft Rønberg, and Niels Ulrik Sørensen. "“Det får mig til at føle mig hjemme”." Psyke & Logos 41, no. 1 (August 6, 2020): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pl.v41i1.121510.

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Ungdommen er en livsfase, der er præget af mange overgange. Et eksempel på en sådan overgang er, når unge flytter hjemmefra. Med udgangspunkt i begrebet “belonging” (at høre til/ tilhørsforhold) undersøger denne artikel, hvilke forhold der har betydning for, at unge etablerer en oplevelse af at høre til – eller ikke at høre til – det sted, hvor han/hun flytter hen efter flytning fra barndomshjemmet. Udgangspunktet for artiklen er, at oplevelsen af at høre til et sted, eller i livet som sådan, ikke er givet, men derimod er “performativt” (Bell, 1999; Cuervo & Wyn, 2017).Det empiriske udgangspunkt for artiklen er et longitudinelt interviewstudie med 36 danske unge mellem 17 og 25 år, som forfatterne har fulgt igennem 12 måneder under deres overgang fra hjemme- til udeboende. I interviewene fortæller de om den periode, hvor de flytter fra deres barndomshjem, og om de følelser og tanker, de gør sig i den forbindelse. Artiklen undersøger de unges affektive og flertydige relationer til steder, materialiter og mennesker, der får betydning for de unges oplevelse af at høre til – eller ikke at høre til – det sted, de flytter hen. I artiklen sætter vi særligt fokus på den betydning, som unges forhold til barndomshjemmet har for de måder, de unge aktivt forsøger at skabe et tilhørsforhold til et nyt sted. Artiklen nuancerer i forlængelse af dette begrebet om “belonging” ved at pege på, at unges måder at skabe tilknytning til et nyt sted er performativt og i høj grad skabes med afsæt i de oplevelser af tilknytning, eller mangel på tilknytning, til barndomshjemmet, som de bærer med sig ind i voksenlivet.

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11

Gilker, Rachel E., and Ray R. Weil. "Inorganic nitrogen losses to groundwater are minimal from two management-intensive grazing dairy farms in Maryland." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 33, no. 4 (April 3, 2017): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170517000114.

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AbstractWith the advent of confined feeding systems and associated herd size increases, dairy farms have had to import more feed from off the farm, leading to on farm nutrient surpluses. Management-intensive grazing (MIG) is an alternative to confined feeding. Under MIG, the herd is rotated among small paddocks every 12–24 h for efficient conversion of forage into milk using grass pasture to provide most of the herd's nutritional needs. Previous research on MIG reported high concentrations of nitrate under grassed monolith lysimeters and grazed pastures. However, because of the high levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization and ponding of cow urine in lysimeters, these previous studies may have overestimated nitrate leaching losses from MIG systems as practiced in the mid-Atlantic region. To determine the extent of nitrate losses to groundwater under MIG in the mid-Atlantic, we sampled shallow groundwater biweekly for 3 yrs on six watersheds in three Maryland dairy farms, one confined and two MIG-based farms. Transects of nested piezometers and ceramic tipped suction lysimeters were installed in each watershed. Seasonal mean nitrate-N concentrations under the four grazed watersheds were generally lower than under the confined feeding farm watersheds and were generally below the widely used drinking water standard of 10 mg L−1. Average nitrate-N concentrations for all four grazed watersheds were between 4 and 7 mg L−1, while the two confined feeding farm watersheds averaged 7 and 11 mg L−1, indicating that the MIG system did not cause excessive nitrate leaching.

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12

Suban, Marjan. "Determination of stability of MIG/MAG welding processes." Quality and Reliability Engineering International 17, no. 5 (2001): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qre.414.

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13

Santiago, Kamilla Giló, Igor Paulino Fernandes, Hélio Cordeiro de Miranda, Cleiton Carvalho Silva, and Marcelo Ferreira Motta. "Influência da Defasagem Entre as Correntes na Estabilidade do Processo MIG/MAG DA Pulsado com Velocidades de Alimentação Distintas." Soldagem & Inspeção 23, no. 3 (September 2018): 423–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-9224/si2303.11.

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Resumo Uma variação do processo MIG/MAG duplo arame é a soldagem com corrente constante pulsada nos dois eletrodos, empregando a defasagem entre os pulsos de corrente com o objetivo de atribuir uma maior estabilidade aos arcos voltaicos. Em alguns trabalhos disponíveis na literatura, os autores encontraram resultados que mostraram que esse efeito da defasagem não foi significativo. Outra vertente que também é largamente defendida na soldagem MIG/MAG pulsada é a condição de uma gota por pulso com diâmetro de gota próximo ao do eletrodo, porém nas soldagens MIG/MAG com configuração duplo arame utilizando eletrodos com velocidades de alimentação distintas não é possível manter simultaneamente a defasagem entre as correntes e a condição de uma gota por pulso nos dois eletrodos. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho mostraram que, para soldagens realizadas com processo MIG/MAG na configuração duplo arame com diferentes velocidades de alimentação, a utilização de defasagem entre as correntes passou a ser determinante para estabilidade do arco e para a qualidade do cordão de solda mesmo com diâmetros de gotas distintos entre os dois arames e maiores que o diâmetro do eletrodo.

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14

Iovanas, Daniela Maria, Cosmin Toma, and Radu Iovanas. "Research on the Use of Robotized Tandem MAG Welding in Steel Plates Destined for the Manufacture of Pipelines." Advanced Materials Research 1138 (July 2016): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1138.133.

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The performed research focuses on the complete replacement of the pipeline manufacturing process consisting in welding on SAW+MIG / MAG generators with the robotized Tandem MIG / MAG welding procedure, with low energy consumption.The Tandem MAG procedure was experimented on X52 MS steel plates destined for the manufacture of pipelines, measuring 400x150x12 mm, with Y-joints (30o).The welded joints were executed horizontally and unilaterally, with flux bed support, 3 welding seams, using for filler material two wires of the same quality, EN ISO 14341: G 42 4 M G3Si1 (Filcord C), measuring 1.2 mm in diameter, and shielding gas EN ISO 14175 (CORGON 18).The entire technological welding process was carried out in fully robotized, laboratory conditions, using the QIROX -315 welding robot, fitted with Tandem MIG/MAG welding equipment, type QUINTO-GLC 603.The welding seams were executed with the same Tandem MAG welding head, with two wires, taking advantage of the possibility to rotate the welding head so as to obtain welding seams with the wires either positioned one after the other (tandem), or transversally (perpendicular to the welding direction), obtaining, by correlation with the welding speed, optimal linear energies, implicitly, seams of various widths and penetrations.The results of the tests concerning the characterization of the obtained welded joints corresponded to the mechanical – metallographic tests, falling within the ranges provided by the applicable standards.The welding parameters used in the robotized Tandem MAG procedure may lead to remarkable advantages concerning the use of energy and filler metal. Thus, linear energies are about 40% - 45% smaller than in the case of the classical SAW+MIG / MAG process, with positive effects on the mechanical and metallographic characteristics of the welded joints, leading to significant reductions in energy consumption. Furthermore, the use of filler materials (wire, shielding gas) decreases by 10% - 15% as compared to the classical SAW+MIG / MAG process, leading, implicitly, to lower costs.As a consequence of the obtained results, MAG Tandem welding procedure may become an alternative to SAW submerged arc welding and combined SAW and MIG / MAG welding and a classical reference method for the manufacture of pipelines

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15

Deb, S. R., and B. Bepari. "Robotic MIG Welding." Indian Welding Journal 33, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v33i4.177839.

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16

Ravi, R. "MIG Welding Guide." Indian Welding Journal 40, no. 3 (July 1, 2007): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v40i3.178132.

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17

Jarvad, Pia. "Mig og anmeldelserne." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 10, no. 19 (February 10, 2017): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v10i19.25435.

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18

Fulton, Robin, and Tomas Tranströmer. "Minnena ser mig." World Literature Today 68, no. 2 (1994): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40150260.

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19

Matviienkiv, O. M., V. V. Tsyhanchuk, and A. Ya Melnyk. "Repair of Surface Defects on Active Pipelines with MIG/MAG Welding in Impulse Mode." Visnyk of Vinnytsia Politechnical Institute 149, no. 2 (2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/1997-9266-2020-149-2-82-88.

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20

Tušek, Janez. "Kinetics of manganese in MAG/MIG welding with a 18/8/6 wire." Revista de Metalurgia 37, no. 3 (June 30, 2001): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.2001.v37.i3.509.

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21

KANEMARU, Shuhei. "TIG-MIG Hybrid Welding Process." JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 82, no. 3 (2013): 163–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/jjws.82.163.

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22

Gorbachev, Anton, and Marianne Petro. "Expression of CXCL9/Mig in the tumor microenvironment is critical for recruitment of CD8 T cells and suppression of cutaneous tumor growth (48.4)." Journal of Immunology 186, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2011): 48.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.48.4.

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Abstract The role of T cell chemoattractants CXCL9/Mig and CXCL10/IP-10 in the suppression of tumor growth is not entirely clear. Our recent studies demonstrated the presence of tumor cells deficient in the expression of CXCL9/Mig in cutaneous murine fibrosarcomas. These Mig-deficient tumor variants were more tumorigenic than parental Mig-expressing tumor cells as indicated by accelerated growth kinetics of tumors induced by these tumor cells. Mig-deficient and Mig-expressing tumor variants were used as a tool to study the contribution of tumor-derived Mig to the intra-tumor recruitment of T cells. Using adoptive transfer of primed T cells into mice bearing either Mig-expressing or Mig-deficient tumors we demonstrated that CXCR3-expressing CD8 T cells were recruited into tumors producing Mig, but were marginal to undetectable in Mig-deficient tumors. The ability of Mig-deficient tumors to express IP-10 did not substitute for the expression of Mig to recruit CD8 T cells. Furthermore, knocking down expression of Mig (but not IP-10) by specific shRNAs resulted in increased growth of Mig-producing tumor variants in immunocompetent mice. Overall, the results suggested that Mig expression in the tumor microenvironment is non-redundant for the recruitment of CD8 T cells and for the suppression of tumor growth in the skin. The appearance of Mig-deficient tumor variants in growing tumors may indicate loss of Mig expression as a mechanism of tumor escape from host’s T cell-mediated immunity.

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23

S Pawale, Mr Sushant. "Theoretical & experimental study of MIG/MAG welding technique." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 24, no. 3 (June 25, 2015): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v24p226.

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24

Slania, J. "MIG/MAG welding with a pulsating arc: Part I." Welding International 12, no. 2 (January 1998): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119809448459.

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25

Slania, J. "MIG/MAG welding with a pulsating arc: Part II." Welding International 12, no. 2 (January 1998): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507119809448460.

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26

Gao, Hong Ming, Yan Bai, and Lin Wu. "Comparison between Plasma-MIG and MIG Procedures on 5A06 Aluminum Alloy." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1382.

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10mm-5A06 aluminum alloy was butt-welded in a single pass by the plasma-gas metal arc (plasma-MIG) welding procedure, the joints were subjected to X-ray inspection, the microstructure and mechanical performance of weld were also studied. The results indicate that plasma-MIG welding is superior to regular conventional MIG welding on the aspects of reducing weld porosity, increasing joint quality and improving deposition efficiency. Good weld joint with less porosity and excellent mechanical properties is obtained, which can reach as 92.62% tensile strength and 85.12% elongation percentage as base metal. Dimples in which the precipitated phase is the solid solution based on Al3Mg2 are observed in fracture scanning electron micrograph and the fracture mode is ductile rupture. α-Al and Al3Mg2 ,α-Al and eutectic structure are observed respectively in fusion area and in weld zone. The wire feed rate and melting rate can come to 14.5m/min and 80g/min respectively for the 1.6mm welding wire by the plasma-MIG welding process on the premise that the tensile strength of the joints meet the requirements.

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27

Mendes Da Mota, Carlos Alberto, Alexandre Saldanha do Nascimento, Douglas Neves Garcia, Diego Almir Silva da Silva, Felipe Ribeiro Teixeira, and Valtair Antonio Ferraresi. "Nickel overlay deposited by MIG welding and cold wire MIG welding." Welding International 32, no. 9 (September 2, 2018): 588–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09507116.2017.1347333.

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28

Hadryś, D., T. Węgrzyn, J. Piwnik, Z. Stanik, and W. Tarasiuk. "The Use of Compressed Air for Micro-Jet Cooling After MIG Welding." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1405–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0230.

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AbstractThe material selected for this investigation was low alloy steel weld metal deposit (WMD) after MIG welding with micro-jet cooling. The present investigation was aimed as the following tasks: obtained WMD with various amount of acicular ferrite and further analyze impact toughness of WMD in terms of acicular ferrite amount in it. Weld metal deposit (WMD) was first time carried out for MIG welding with micro-jet cooling of compressed air and gas mixture of argon and air. Until that moment only argon, helium and nitrogen were tested as micro-jet gases for MIG/MAG processes. An important role in the interpretation of the results can give methods of artificial intelligence.

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29

Woldeamanuel, Yohannes W., Corinne Cooley, Katharine Foley-Saldena, and Robert P. Cowan. "Migraine and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Case-Referent Clinical Study." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5714673.

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We studied clinical phenotype differences between migraineurs with CRPS (Mig + CRPS) and those without (Mig − CRPS). Mig + CRPS cases and Mig − CRPS referents aged ≥18 years were enrolled. Diagnosis was made in accordance with International Classification of Headache Disorders-3 beta (ICHD-3 beta) for migraine and Budapest Criteria for CRPS. Migraines both with and without aura were included. A total of 70 Mig + CRPS cases (13% males, mean age 48 years) and 80 Mig − CRPS referents (17% males, mean age 51 years) were included. 33% of Mig + CRPS and 38% of Mig − CRPS exhibited episodic migraine (EM) while 66% of Mig + CRPS and 62% of Mig − CRPS had chronic migraine (CM) (OR = 0.98, CI 0.36, 2.67). Median duration of CRPS was 3 years among EM + CRPS and 6 years among CM + CRPS cohort (p<0.02). Mig + CRPS (57%) carried higher psychological and medical comorbidities compared to Mig − CRPS (6%) (OR 16.7, CI 10.2, 23.6). Higher migraine frequency was associated with longer CRPS duration. Migraineurs who developed CRPS had higher prevalence of psychological and medical disorders. Alleviating migraineurs’ psychological and medical comorbidities may help lower CRPS occurrence.

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30

Taraba, Anne-Sophie, and Helena Eriksson. "en byggnad åt mig." World Literature Today 66, no. 1 (1992): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40148004.

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31

Mattsson, Margareta, and Kerstin Ekman. "Gör mig levande igen." World Literature Today 71, no. 2 (1997): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40153168.

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32

Zhu, Jin Hong, Gao Jian Ding, Shu Zhong Song, and Le Yi Dai. "Development of Innovative MIG Welding Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (June 2011): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.743.

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In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in the field of MIG welding technology. In this paper, three kinds of innovative MIG welding technology were introduced － pulsed MIG welding, double wire MIG welding and MIG hybrid welding. Recent development and achievements were summarized, including features of the various processes and applications. In the end, the future tendency was discussed.

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33

Schreder, Martin, Gudrun Koch, Daniel Heintel, Kathrin Strasser-Weippl, Katrin Frischmuth, Ulrich Jaeger, Heinz Ludwig, and Niklas Zojer. "Monokine Induced by Interferon-γ (MIG) Serum Levels Are a Marker of Disease Load and Correlate with Prognosis in Multiple Myeloma." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 5040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.5040.5040.

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Abstract Background and Aims: Monokine-induced by interferon-γ (MIG) is a chemokine that is produced by monocytes and macrophages in response to interferon-γ and acts as a chemoattractant mainly to T-lymphocytes in inflammatory processes. MIG has also been suggested to act in an autocrine loop to stimulate tumour cells through its receptor CXCR3, which is known to be expressed in myeloma cells. However, it is presently unclear if MIG is of biologic significance in myeloma in vivo. We have recently shown that multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1) expression in myeloma cells correlates with prognosis in this disease (Heintel D et al., ASH 2005), and MUM1 was found to upregulate MIG gene expression in B cell malignancies (Uranishi M et al., Leukemia 2005). This led us to evaluate the potential prognostic significance of MIG serum levels in a series of well characterized myeloma patients. Methods: 105 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients (median age 69.3 years, range 39.4–90.5) were enrolled. 18 patients presented with Durie/Salmon stage I disease, 9 had stage II and 78 had stage III. MIG serum levels were determined by a commercially available ELISA (R&D Systems). Serum samples from 17 MGUS patients and 37 age-matched healthy volunteers were used as controls. Results: MIG serum levels were elevated in multiple myeloma patients (median 161.3 pg/ml, range 9.37–1966.0) compared to MGUS patients (median 92.7 pg/ml, range 6.29–1303.1) and healthy controls (median 106.2 pg/ml, range 51.0–390.6). For analysis of myeloma cases, a cut-off level for MIG of 200pg/ml (=95th percentile of MIG in controls) was chosen to identify low and high MIG expressers. Using the cut-off as defined above, 63 patients with low MIG serum levels and 42 high MIG expressers were identified in a population of 105 myeloma patients. MIG serum levels in myeloma patients showed strong correlations with several markers of tumour load including low albumin and high β2-microglobulin. Interestingly, no correlation was found with C-reactive protein levels, indicating that MIG is not associated with an inflammatory response in myeloma. Median survival was significantly shorter in patients with high MIG serum levels compared to patients with low MIG expression (median not reached vs. 17.0 months, p<0.001; see figure). Conclusions: MIG serum levels correlate with markers of disease burden in myeloma and high MIG levels are associated with a poor outcome in this disease. Overall Survival: low vs. high MIG serum levels Overall Survival: low vs. high MIG serum levels

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Mota, Carlos Alberto Mendes da, Alexandre Saldanha do Nascimento, Douglas Neves Garcia, Diego Almir Silva da Silva, Felipe Ribeiro Teixeira, and Valtair Antonio Ferraresi. "Revestimento de Níquel Depositado pela Soldagem MIG e MIG com Arame Frio." Soldagem & Inspeção 21, no. 4 (January 5, 2017): 483–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-9224/si2104.08.

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Resumo: Este artigo apresenta um estudo das características operacionais, geométricas e microestruturais de soldas MIG e MIGAF (MIG com arame frio) aplicadas no revestimento de chapa de um aço AISI 1020, com uma superliga de níquel ER NiCrMo-4, tipo Hastelloy 276C. A soldagem foi automatizada, na posição plana, e realizada por uma fonte eletrônica em CC+ com aquisição instantânea dos oscilogramas de corrente e tensão de soldagem. As variáveis de entrada foram às velocidades do arame eletrodo e do arame frio, e a velocidade de soldagem. Foram avaliadas a operacionalidade dos processos e o efeito da energia de soldagem sobre as características geométricas (reforço e largura), diluição, microestrutura e microdureza do revestimento. Os resultados indicaram um bom desempenho operacional, a ausência de defeitos nos passes isolados e nos revestimentos para as soldagens com MIGAF. Além disso, constataram-se menores níveis de diluição.

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Nishiwaki, Kiyoji. "Mutations Affecting Symmetrical Migration of Distal Tip Cells in Caenorhabditis elegans." Genetics 152, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 985–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/152.3.985.

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Abstract The rotational symmetry of the Caenorhabditis elegans gonad arms is generated by the symmetrical migration of two distal tip cells (DTCs), located on the anterior and posterior ends of the gonad primordium. Mutations that cause asymmetrical migration of the two DTCs were isolated. All seven mutations were recessive and assigned to six different complementation groups. vab-3(k121) and vab-3(k143) affected anterior DTC migration more frequently than posterior, although null mutants showed no bias. The other five mutations, mig-14(k124), mig-17(k113), mig-18(k140), mig-19(k142), and mig-20(k148), affected posterior DTC migration more frequently than anterior. These observations imply that the migration of each DTC is regulated differently. mig-14 and mig-19 also affected the migration of other cells in the posterior body region. Four distinct types of DTC migration abnormalities were defined on the basis of the mutant phenotypes. vab-3; mig-14 double mutants exhibited the types of DTC migration defects seen for vab-3 single mutants. Combination of mig-17 and mig-18 or mig-19, which are characterized by the same types of posterior DTC migration defects, exhibited strong enhancement of anterior DTC migration defects, suggesting that they affect the same or parallel pathways regulating anterior DTC migration.

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Gorbachev, Anton, Marianne Petro, and Robert Fairchild. "Immune stress-induced generation of tumor variants deficient in CXCL9/Mig expression (100.11)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (April 1, 2010): 100.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.100.11.

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Abstract Mechanisms promoting expansion of non-melanoma skin cancers remain poorly understood. Studies using a murine model of cutaneous fibrosarcoma demonstrated that although primary tumor growth is suppressed by IFN-g-dependent host immunity, the tumor eventually escapes this immunosurveillance. To investigate mechanisms of this process we used ELISPOT assays to demonstrate that the ability of tumor cells to produce the IFN-g-inducible chemokine CXCL9/Mig decreased during progression of cutaneous fibrosarcomas in immunocompetent wild type mice, but not in immunodeficient RAG1-/- mice. Tumor cell suspensions obtained from tumors excised at different time points were subcloned by limiting dilution and clones tested for IFN-g induced Mig. The frequencies of Mig-deficient tumor cells were higher in tumors growing in wild type mice vs. from RAG1-/- mice. Mig-deficient variants were highly tumorigenic in comparison to Mig-producing tumor clones when implanted into wild type mice. Furthermore, Mig-deficient tumor variants appeared within tumors induced by implantation of Mig-producing tumor clones into wild type mice, but not within tumors implanted into RAG1-/- mice. The results suggest that Mig-deficient variants arise from Mig-producing tumor cells and expand as a result of T cell-mediated immune stress that eliminates Mig-producing tumor cells faster than Mig-deficient tumor variants

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Sethi, Sanjeev, S. Vincent Rajkumar, and Vivette D. D’Agati. "The Complexity and Heterogeneity of Monoclonal Immunoglobulin–Associated Renal Diseases." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 29, no. 7 (April 27, 2018): 1810–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.2017121319.

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Monoclonal gammopathies are characterized by the overproduction of monoclonal Ig (MIg) detectable in the serum or urine resulting from a clonal proliferation of plasma cells or B lymphocytes. The underlying hematologic conditions range from malignant neoplasms of plasma cells or B lymphocytes, including multiple myeloma and B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, to nonmalignant small clonal proliferations. The term MGUS implies presence of an MIg in the setting of a “benign” hematologic condition without renal or other end organ damage. The term MGRS was recently introduced to indicate monoclonal gammopathy with MIg-associated renal disease in the absence of hematologic malignancy. Most MIg-associated renal diseases result from the direct deposition of nephrotoxic MIg or its light- or heavy-chain fragments in various renal tissue compartments. Immunofluorescence microscopy is essential to identify the offending MIg and define its tissue distribution. Mass spectrometry is helpful in difficult cases. Conditions caused by direct tissue deposition of MIg include common disorders, such as cast nephropathy, amyloidosis, and MIg deposition diseases, as well as uncommon disorders, such as immunotactoid glomerulopathy, proliferative GN with MIg deposits, light-chain proximal tubulopathy, and the rare entities of crystal-storing histiocytosis and crystalglobulinemia. Indirect mechanisms of MIg-induced renal disease can cause C3 glomerulopathy or thrombotic microangiopathy without tissue MIg deposits. Treatment of MIg-associated renal disease is aimed at eliminating the clonal plasma cell or B-cell population as appropriate. Both the renal and the underlying hematologic disorders influence the management and prognosis of MIg-associated renal diseases.

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Li, Da, Hua Ji, Yan Liu, Guo Qing Gou, Hui Chen, Jin Bo Liu, and Li Chun Meng. "Simulation on Temperature and Residual Stress Field of Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding of A6N01-T5 Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 2040–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.2040.

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MIG welding and laser-MIG hybrid welding have been widely used to joint aluminum alloy in recent years. Residual stress and heat cycling of MIG welding and laser-MIG hybrid welding are analyzed by SYSWELD software. The results show that the peak values of the stress in hybrid welding is 30~50% less than the results in the MIG welded joints.

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Xue, Jiaxiang, Min Xu, Wenjin Huang, Zhanhui Zhang, Wei Wu, and Li Jin. "Stability and Heat Input Controllability of Two Different Modulations for Double-Pulse MIG Welding." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010127.

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Aluminum alloy welding frequently experiences difficulties such as heat input control, poor weld formation, and susceptibility to pore generation. We compared the use of two different modulations for double-pulse metal inert gas (MIG) welding to reduce the heat input required to generate oscillations in the weld pool. The stabilities of rectangular wave-modulated and trapezoidal wave-modulated double-pulse MIG welding (DP-MIG and TP-MIG) were analyzed by examining their welding processes and weld profiles. We found that the transitional pulse in TP-MIG welding results in smoother current transitions, softer welding arc sounds, and a highly uniform fish-scale pattern. Therefore, TP-MIG welding is more stable than DP-MIG welding. The effects of these double-pulse modulation schemes on welding input energy are presented. We propose methods for reducing welding input energy by varying the number of pulses or the pulse base time of low-energy pulse train while keeping the welding current and welding arc stable and unchanged. Compared to DP-MIG welding, TP-MIG welding reduces the input energy by 12% and produces finer grain sizes, which increases weld hardness. Therefore, TP-MIG welding offers a new approach for heat input control in DP-MIG welding of aluminum alloys. The results of this work are significant for aluminum alloy welding.

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Rezende, Gabriel Maradei Carneiro de, Olga Liskévych, Louriel Oliveira Vilarinho, and Américo Scotti. "Um critério para determinar a regulagem da tensão em soldagem MIG/MAG por curto-circuito." Soldagem & Inspeção 16, no. 2 (June 2011): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242011000200002.

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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo exploratório sobre um critério denominado "Critério Laprosolda para Estabilidade de Transferência em MIG/MAG com curto-circuito", o qual tem por finalidade uma análise quantitativa da regularidade da transferência metálica para regulagem de parâmetros para soldagem MIG/MAG por curto circuito convencional. Inicialmente é apresentado o embasamento para elaboração deste critério. A avaliação da confiabilidade do mesmo foi feita por meio de soldagens e comparações dos resultados com o rendimento de deposição e com as características geométricas do cordão de solda. Para isto, chapas de teste com 3,18 mm de espessura e abertura de raiz de 1 mm entre elas foram soldadas, dentro dos mesmos parâmetros de corrente e velocidade de alimentação, usando arame AWS ER70S-6 de 1,2 mm de diâmetro protegido pela mistura Argônio 85% - Dióxido de Carbono 15%. Para atender a relação proposta, varreu-se a regulagem de tensões de soldagem desde valores muito baixos até muito altos para o que se esperava para esta condição de soldagem. Os resultados confirmam a efetividade do "Índice de Regularidade" como meio de avaliar regulagens de soldagem MIG/MAG visando minimizar respingos e otimizar o acabamento do cordão.

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Safta, Voicu Ioan, Dumitru Mnerie, and Gabriela Victoria Mnerie. "Some Peculiarities of MIG-MAG Welding Processes with Concentrated Energies." Key Engineering Materials 890 (June 23, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.890.3.

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Throughout the history of modernization of welding processes, in many cases the research has focused on optimizing the location of energy in the welding area, with the continuous improvement of the quality of welded joints. The welding processes in shielding gas environment with fusible electrode (MIG-MAG) have achieved superior performances regarding the increase of the current density around of the welded joint, simultaneously with the increase of the universality degree of their application. This paper is based on researching the possibilities of concentrating energy in the welding area, seeking to obtain both more favorable energy yields and an increased quality of welded joints. In the paper are shown a some results obtained following a comparative study on 2 welding processes in MIG-MAG protective gas medium, differentiated mainly by the metal drop transfer mode: by spraying (Spray arc), respectively by synergistic transfer (Arc pulsed), applied for corner welding of alloy steel sheets.

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42

Park, Byung Kil, Eun-Ah Lee, Hee-Youn Kim, Jun Choul Lee, Koon Soon Kim, Won Hoon Jeong, Ki Young Kim, Bon Jeong Ku, and Sang Dal Rhee. "Fatty Liver and Insulin Resistance in the Liver-Specific Knockout Mice of Mitogen Inducible Gene-6." Journal of Diabetes Research 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1632061.

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Mitogen inducible gene-6 (Mig-6) is a feedback inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. The liver-specific knockout mice of the Mig-6 gene (Mig-6d/d) showed hepatomegaly and increased hypercholesterolemia. In this study, the biomarkers of insulin resistance and the effects of high-fat diets in the wild (Mig-6f/f) and Mig-6d/dmice were analyzed. The fasting plasma concentrations of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterols, free fatty acids, and HOMA-IR were measured and the glucose tolerance and insulin resistance tests were performed in the 25-week-old Mig-6f/fand the Mig-6d/dmice. The protein levels of active insulin receptor, glucose 6-phosphatase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were analyzed in the liver and fat. The fasting plasma cholesterol and glucose concentration were higher in the Mig-6d/dmice than the Mig-6f/fmice with increased fat deposition in the liver. But the Mig-6d/dmice had the improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance without increased amount of phosphoinsulin receptor after insulin infusion in the liver. The hepatic concentration of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was increased in fasting Mig-6d/dmice. The feeding of high-fat diet accelerated the plasma lipids profiles and HOMA-IR in the Mig-6d/dmice but had no differential effects in oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test in both genotypes. These results suggest that the activated EGFR signaling might increase the fasting plasma glucose concentration through inducing the hepatic steatosis and the improved whole-body insulin resistance in the KO mice be caused by decreased adipogenesis in fat tissues.

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Chinakhov, Dmitry A., S. A. Solodsky, P. V. Rodionov, and Volodymyr N. Sydorets. "Energy Parameters of Weld Formation Process in MIG-MAG Welding." Materials Science Forum 927 (July 2018): 99–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.927.99.

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The article presents results of an experimental study and simulation of the effect of welding arc energy characteristics on the nature of electrode metal transfer in MIG-MAG welding. Based on the research results, a method has been developed for determining the coefficient of welding arc plasma flow pressure. The method makes it possible to take into account the dependence of the electrode metal transfer pattern and plasma flow pressure on geometrical dimensions of a welded joint.

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Moreno-Uribe, Andrés Mauricio, Carlos Gregorio Augusto Romanelli Sales, Pedro Henrique Ribeiro Menezes, and Alexandre Queiroz Bracarense. "Estudio de la corriente de transición en GMAW (MIG/MAG)." Ingeniare. Revista chilena de ingeniería 28, no. 3 (September 2020): 528–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-33052020000300528.

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Dutra, Jair Carlos, Régis Henrique Gonçalves e. Silva, Cleber Marques, and Alberto Bonamigo Viviani. "A new approach for MIG/MAG cladding with Inconel 625." Welding in the World 60, no. 6 (July 26, 2016): 1201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40194-016-0371-3.

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46

Zielinska, S., S. Pellerin, F. Valensi, K. Dzierzega, K. Musiol, Ch de Izarra, and F. Briand. "Gas influence on the arc shape in MIG-MAG welding." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 43, no. 1 (June 24, 2008): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap:2008106.

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47

Aoki, Atsuhito, Shinichi Tashiro, Hideaki Kurokawa, and Manabu Tanaka. "Influence of Current Feeding Position of Duplex Current Feeding MIG Welding on Droplet Heat Quantity." Materials 12, no. 21 (October 31, 2019): 3590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213590.

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Pure argon metal inert gas (MIG) welding is expected to offer the possibility to obtain high toughness weld joints. However, due to its arc instability and low wettability, it is difficult to apply pure argon MIG to a practical welding structure. In order to solve these problems, an improved MIG welding process with a duplex current feeding (DCF-MIG) mechanism was developed. In the DCF-MIG process, the welding current and the wire feeding speed are independently controlled by an additionally feeding secondary current from a secondary power source. Thereby, DCF-MIG can supply a large current compared to conventional MIG under the same deposition rate. In this study, to consider the influence of the secondary current feeding position of DCF-MIG on droplet heat quantity, droplet heat quantity was measured by calorimetry. As a result, the droplet heat quantity was found to be increased significantly with the increase of the distance between the primary current feeding point and secondary current feeding point. The increase of the droplet heat quantity in the DCF-MIG process had a strong effect on improving bead shape and penetration. The droplet heat quantity with the effective current value of DCF-MIG was derived from the simplified calculation and the results roughly agreed with the experimental data.

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48

Lu, Huili, Shunying Zhu, Lan Qian, Di Xiang, Wu Zhang, Aifang Nie, Jin Gao, et al. "Activated expression of the chemokine Mig after chemotherapy contributes to chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression and lethal toxicity." Blood 119, no. 21 (May 24, 2012): 4868–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-07-367581.

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Abstract Alterations in gene expression after chemotherapy may potentially help to identify mediators that induce suppression or regeneration in bone marrow. This paper reports our observation that the expression of the chemokine monokine induced by IFN-γ (Mig) and its receptor CXCR3 was significantly activated in mice after treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The neutralization of antibodies against the activated Mig increased the survival rate and accelerated BM recovery after chemotherapy. In addition, elevation of Mig plasma levels after 5-FU treatment corresponded with increased mortality. The cell cycle–inhibiting effect of the prophylactic administration of Mig protected hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) from 1-β-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine in spleen colony assays and enhanced the irradiated recipients' survival. In CXCR3−/− mice, Mig did not propagate BM suppression, indicating that the suppressive effect of Mig is dependent on CXCR3. On the one hand, Mig stimulated p70 S6K and Erk1/2 pathways in mesenchymal stroma cells, inhibiting mesenchymal stroma cell–dependent HPC expansion. Moreover, Mig suppressed the STAT5 pathway in HPCs, inhibiting leukocyte differentiation. Our results strongly suggest that Mig contributes to the acute lethal toxicity arising from 5-FU administration. Neutralization of Mig may offer new strategies to alleviate BM toxicity with potentially dramatic implications for chemotherapy.

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Tashiro, Shinichi, Sarizam Bin Mamat, Anthony B. Murphy, Toshifumi Yuji, and Manabu Tanaka. "Numerical Analysis of Metal Transfer Process in Plasma MIG Welding." Metals 12, no. 2 (February 12, 2022): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12020326.

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In plasma MIG welding, inert gas introduced from the torch nozzle is ionized in the upstream region of the MIG arc, which is termed “plasma”. This study aims to clarify the effect of the plasma on the metal-transfer process in the plasma MIG welding through numerical analysis. As a result, the plasma with a temperature of approximately 10,000 K was found to be formed around the wire tip. The MIG arc temperature around the wire tip was 11,000 K at the maximum, which was lower than that of the conventional MIG welding by approximately 1000 K. This difference was caused by the decreased current density around the wire tip due to the influence of the plasma. The droplet temperature was also decreased by 400 K due to this lower current density. The amount of the metal vapor evaporated from the droplet was decreased compared to that of the conventional MIG welding due to the lower droplet temperature. This might lead to a decrease in fume formation generally known in the plasma MIG welding. In the conventional MIG welding, the arc attachment was concentrated around the wire tip, leading to a higher current density. However, in the plasma MIG welding, the plasma transported to the surrounding of the wire tip increases the electric conductivity in that region, due to the influence of the metal vapor mixture. This leads to the dispersion of the arc attachment toward the wire root. Consequently, the current density in the plasma MIG welding was found to decrease compared with that of the conventional MIG welding. The lower current density in plasma MIG welding decreases the Lorenz force acting on the wire neck, thus delaying droplet detachment to make the droplet diameter larger and the metal transfer frequency smaller. The latter was about 20% of that in the conventional MIG welding.

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Park, Joon Y., Arjun Verma, Zachary K. Tran, Michael A. Mederos, Peyman Benharash, and Mark Girgis. "Disparities in Utilization and Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Techniques for Gastric Cancer Surgery in the United States." Annals of Surgical Oncology 29, no. 5 (January 7, 2022): 3136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434-021-11193-6.

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Abstract Background This study investigated national implementation patterns and perioperative outcomes of minimally invasive gastrectomy (MIG) in gastric cancer surgery in the United States. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was queried for patients who underwent elective gastrectomy for gastric cancer from 2008-2018. The MIG versus open gastrectomy approach was correlated with hospital factors, patient characteristics, and complications. Results There was more than a fivefold increase in MIG from 5.8% in 2008 to 32.9% in 2018 (nptrend < 0.001). Patients undergoing MIG had a lower Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (p = 0.001). On risk adjusted analysis, black patients (AOR = 0.77, p = 0.024) and patients with income below 25th percentile (AOR = 0.80, p = 0.018) were less likely to undergo MIG. When these analyses were limited to minimally invasive capable centers only, these differences were not observed. Hospitals in the upper tertile of gastrectomy case volume, Northeast, and urban teaching centers were more likely to perform MIG. Overall, MIG was associated with a 0.7-day decrease in length of stay, reduced risk adjusted mortality rates (AOR = 0.58, p = 0.05), and a $4,700 increase in total cost. Conclusions In this national retrospective study, we observe socioeconomic differences in patients undergoing MIG, which is explained by hospital level factors in MIG utilization. We demonstrate that MIG is associated with a lower mortality compared with open gastrectomy. Establishing MIG as a safe approach to gastric cancers and understanding regional differences in implementation patterns can inform delivery of equitable high-quality health care.

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