Journal articles on the topic 'Midwives Professional ethics'
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Salman, Khairyah Hussein, and Sadeq Al Fayyadh. "Effectiveness of an Instructional Program on Nurses-Midwifes' Practices about Application of Ethical Rules at the Delivery Room." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22163512.
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Background: Nurse midwives are often expected to make ethical decisions in the context of their professional practice, which can lead to ethical confrontations, some of which may lead to ethical dilemmas. The nurses and midwives in the delivery room must keep ethical considerations in mind while caring for a woman in labor so that correct judgments can be made. As a result, the current study emphasized raising ethical efficacy by creating scenarios that simulate the reality of working in the field of reproductive health in order to prepare nurse-midwives who comply with ethical rules during professional practice. Purpose: The main aim of this study is examining how an instructional nursing professional ethics-focused program may affect practice among nurses- midwives in the delivery room. Methods: The quiz experimental design (one-group pretest–posttest design) was used. The purposive non-probability sample consisted of 50 nurse-midwives who worked during the data collection phase in the delivery room. Data collection began in May 2021 - June 2022, using a tool that contains 20 case-scenario that simulate the reality of reproductive care and clinical practice of nurses and midwives regarding professional ethical issues Results: The findings revealed that instructional intervention had a positive impact on nurses - midwife's ethical performance in terms of following professional ethics rules Conclusion: The use of the case-scenario based simulation approach to teach professional nursing ethics contributed to improving compliance with the ethical rules for nurses-midwives working in the delivery room Keywords: Ethical Rules, Instructional Program, Delivery Room, Nurses-midwifes, Practices
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Froneman, Christelle, Neltjie C. van Wyk, and Ramadimetja S. Mogale. "Enhancing the professional dignity of midwives: A phenomenological study." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 4 (November 26, 2017): 1062–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017739781.
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Background: When midwives are not treated with respect and their professional competencies are not recognised, their professional dignity is violated. Objective: This study explored and described how the professional dignity of midwives in the selected hospital can be enhanced based on their experiences. Research design: A descriptive phenomenological research design was used with in-depth interviews conducted with 15 purposely selected midwives. Ethical considerations: The Faculty of Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee of the University of Pretoria approved the study. The research was conducted in an academic tertiary hospital with voluntary participants. Findings: To dignify midwives it is essential to enhance the following: ‘to acknowledge the capabilities of midwives’, ‘to appreciate interventions of midwives’, ‘to perceive midwives as equal health team members’, ‘to invest in midwives’, ‘to enhance collegiality’, ‘to be cared for by management’ and ‘to create conducive environments’. Conclusion: The professional dignity of midwives is determined by their own perspectives of the contribution that they make to the optimal care of patients, the respect that they get from others and the support that hospital management gives them. With support and care, midwives’ professional dignity is enhanced. Midwives will strive to render excellent services as well as increasing their commitment.
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Begley, Ann-Marie. "Preparation for Practice in the New Millennium: A Discussion of the Moral Implications of Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction." Nursing Ethics 7, no. 2 (March 2000): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973300000700203.
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This article approaches the problem of multifetal pregnancy reduction from a moral perspective. It is one of many complex moral issues arising from reproductive technology and is one with which midwives and nurses are faced more frequently with advancing technology. The work is intended to be used as an educational tool for those who prepare tomorrow’s nurses and midwives. The subject is discussed from three perspectives, the pregnant woman and her partner (clients), a midwife, and from a philosophical ethical perspective. In an attempt to introduce a degree of reality, the perspective of the clients is presented as a dialogue. The midwife’s moral position and her professional difficulties are also discussed. The dialogue and discussion are supplemented with notes in which the issues raised by the characters are critically analysed and discussed. This article is designed to encourage reflection and critical thinking in tomorrow’s health care professionals, and in those who have the responsibility of educating them for a future where reproductive technology is posed to generate more major moral quandaries.
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Clarke, Rachel A. "Midwives, Their Employers and the UKCC: an Eternally Unethical Triangle." Nursing Ethics 2, no. 3 (September 1995): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309500200308.
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The majority of midwives in the UK are employed within the NHS. They are legally bound to fulfil their contractual obligations to their employers. At the same time they are professionally mandated to interpret and act on the UKCC's Code of professional conduct. Midwives have always maintained that they are autonomous practitioners, and the Code is written in a way that endorses this belief. Underlying the Code is the assumption that midwives have moral and professional freedom to act on its imperatives. However, midwives' claim to autonomy is flawed, and therefore the Code's claim to be a source of empowerment is also flawed. Underlying the difficulties is a conflict derived from the imposition of a deontologically-based professional Code on to a workforce that is constrained within and employed by the utilitarian-based NHS.
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Oelhafen, Stephan, Settimio Monteverde, and Eva Cignacco. "Exploring moral problems and moral competences in midwifery: A qualitative study." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 5 (March 27, 2018): 1373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733018761174.
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Background: Most undergraduate midwifery curricula comprise ethics courses to strengthen the moral competences of future midwives. By contrast, surprisingly little is known about the specific moral competences considered to be relevant for midwifery practice. Describing these competences not only depends on generic assumptions about the moral nature of midwifery practice but also reflects which issues practitioners themselves classify as moral. Objective: The goal of this study was to gain insight into the ethical issues midwives encounter in their daily work, the key competences and resources they consider indispensable to understand and deal with them, and to assess phenomena linked to moral distress. Methods: We conducted individual semi-structured interviews with eight midwives and two other health professionals, varying in terms of years of experience and work setting. Interview transcripts were analyzed in an interdisciplinary research group, following thematic analysis. Ethical considerations: This study was not subject to approval according to the Swiss Law on Research with Humans. Participants were informed about the study goals and gave written informed consent prior to participation. Results: External constraints limiting the midwife’s and the patient’s autonomy and resulting interpersonal conflicts were found to be the most relevant ethical issues encountered in clinical practice and were most often associated with moral distress. These conflicts often arise in the context of medical interventions midwives consider as not appropriate and situations in which less experienced midwives in particular observe a lack of both interprofessional communication and trust in their professional competence. Ethical issues related to late abortions or prenatal diagnostics and selective abortions were also frequently addressed, but many midwives involved had learned to cope with them. Discussion: In the light of the ethical issues and factors contributing to phenomena of moral distress, an empirically grounded profile of moral competences is drafted. Curricular implications in the light of possible adaptations within undergraduate midwifery education are critically discussed.
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Dobrowolska, Beata, Irena Wrońska, Wiestlaw Fidecki, and Mariusz Wysokiński. "Moral Obligations of Nurses Based on the ICN, UK, Irish and Polish Codes of Ethics for Nurses." Nursing Ethics 14, no. 2 (March 2007): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733007073697.
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A code of professional conduct is a collection of norms appropriate for the nursing profession and should be the point of reference for all decisions made during the care process. Codes of ethics for nurses are formulated by members of national nurses’ organizations. These codes can be considered to specify general norms that function in the relevant society, adjusting them to the character of the profession and enriching them with rules signifying the essence of nursing professionalism. The aim of this article is to present a comparative analysis of codes of ethics for nurses: the ICN’s Code of ethics for nurses, the UK’s Code of professional conduct, the Irish Code of professional conduct for each nurse and midwife, and the Polish Code of professional ethics for nurses and midwives. This analysis allows the identification of common elements in the professional ethics of nurses in these countries.
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Ergin, Ayla, Müesser Özcan, Zeynep Acar, Nermin Ersoy, and Nazan Karahan. "Determination of national midwifery ethical values and ethical codes." Nursing Ethics 20, no. 7 (March 7, 2013): 808–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733012474289.
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It is important to define and practice ethical rules and codes for professionalisation. Several national and international associations have determined midwifery ethical codes. In Turkey, ethical rules and codes that would facilitate midwifery becoming professionalised have not yet been determined. This study was planned to contribute to the professionalisation of midwifery by determining national ethical values and codes. A total of 1067 Turkish midwives completed the survey. The most prevalent values of Turkish midwives were care for mother–child health, responsibility and professional adequacy. The preferred professional codes chosen by Turkish midwives were absence of conflicts of interest, respect for privacy, avoidance of deception, reporting of faulty practices, consideration of mothers and newborns as separate beings and prevention of harm. In conclusion, cultural values, beliefs and expectations of society cannot be underestimated, although the international professional values and codes of ethics contribute significantly to professionalisation of the midwifery profession.
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Marsh, Wendy, Ann Robinson, Jill Shawe, and Ann Gallagher. "Removal of babies at birth and the moral distress of midwives." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 4 (September 16, 2019): 1103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019874503.
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Background Midwives and nurses appear vulnerable to moral distress when caring for women whose babies are removed at birth. They may experience professional dissatisfaction and their relationships with women, families and colleagues may be compromised. The impact of moral distress may manifest as anger, guilt, frustration, anxiety and a desire to give up their profession. While there has been much attention exploring the concept of moral distress in midwifery, this is the first study to explore its association in this context. Aim This article explores midwives’ experiences of moral distress when providing care to women whose babies were removed at birth and gives valuable insight into an issue nurses and midwives encounter in their profession. Methods Four mothers and eight midwives took part in this research. Narrative inquiry incorporating photo-elicitation techniques was used to generate data; mothers were interviewed face to face and midwives through focus groups. The images and audio data were collected, transcribed and analysed for emerging themes. For the purpose of this article, only the midwives’ stories are reported. This research received a favourable ethical opinion from the University of Surrey Ethics committee. Ethical considerations This study received a favourable ethical approval from a higher education institutes ethics committee. Results Midwives who care for women whose babies are removed at birth report it as one of the most distressing areas of contemporary clinical practice. Furthermore, they report feelings of guilt, helplessness and betrayal of the midwife–mother relationship. Many of the midwives in this study state that these experiences stay with them for a long time, far more than more joyful aspects of their role. Conclusion Midwives experience moral distress. Support systems, education and training must be available to them if we are to reduce the long-term impact upon them, alleviate their distress and prevent them from leaving the profession.
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Bagherinia, Marzieh, Leila Mohamadkhani Shahri, Samaneh Sabet Birjandi, and Mansooreh Tajvidi. "Professional Ethics Relationship with Patient’s Rights Charter Observance among Nurses and Midwives." Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.1.2106.
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Introduction: Respect for patients’ rights and observance of professional ethics standards improves medical services that will have an essential role in promoting patients’ health. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between awareness of patient’s rights charter and professional ethics with patient’s rights charter observance. Materials and Methods: This analytical correlational study was performed on 285 staff members (196 nurses and 85 midwives) working in 2 hospitals affiliated to Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, and 2 social security hospitals. They were selected using a stratified random sampling method. The study data were collected using the sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, awareness and observance of the patient’s rights, and professional ethics charter questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including the independent t-test, Pearson correlation, Chi-square tests, and multivariate linear regression, were used for data analysis. Results: The Mean±SD ages of nurses and midwives were 36.2±8.3 and 37.5±7.9 years, respectively. The results also showed an association of professional ethics and awareness of patient’s rights charter with patient’s rights charter observance in both nurses (P=0.0001) and midwives (P=0.0001). Based on multivariate linear regression analysis, there were relationships between gender (B=-0.3; 95%CI; -2.0, 2.0; P=0.000), work experience (B=-0.6; 95%CI; -4.0, 3.0; P=0.000), marital and employment status (B=-3.2; 95%CI; -6.0, -0.0; P=0.045), in nurses and between job position (B=9.5; 95%CI; 5.4, 13.5; P=0.000), interest to work (B=-7.9; 95%CI; -11.5, -4.3; P=0.000), and income status (B=6.3; 95%CI; 3.3, 9.2; P=0.000), in midwives with Observance of the Charter of Patient Rights. Conclusion: It is possible to improve compliance with the charter of patient’s rights and its dimensions by strengthening the knowledge of nurses and midwives in this area and their professional ethics, which results in patient satisfaction in this area.
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Peyman, Akram, Nahid Dehghan Nayeri, Mohammad Esmaeilpour Bandboni, and Zahra Behboodi Moghadam. "Legal complaints about midwives and the impact on the profession." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 148–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733016689816.
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Introduction: Midwives play an important role in maintaining and increasing women’s health and well-being. Training professional midwives is one of the main policies of any healthcare system. Since the number of complaints against midwives has increased recently, this study was conducted to explore the perspectives of midwives regarding patients’ complaint to authorities and their impacts on the profession of midwifery. Methods: Being conducted in 2013, this qualitative study was the first of its type in Iran. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 14 midwives working in different cities across the country. The participants were selected using a purposive sampling method. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed following a qualitative content analysis approach. Written text was then coded, and themes were extracted from the data. Ethical considerations: The study was conducted with midwives’ free informed consent and was approved by Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Findings: By analyzing the data, four main themes regarding the impact of complaint on midwifery profession were developed. These included the following: “dissatisfied of midwifery, professional deviation, obsession with work, and weakening of the professional status.” Conclusion: The experience of patients’ complaint to legal authorities against midwives was described, by participants, as a painful experience. Lack of midwives’ knowledge about professional rules and litigation process created many problems for them and could negatively affect their practice and the society’s attitude toward midwifery. Thus, we suggest that in order to prevent such problems, midwives and midwifery students should be educated regarding factors that have the potential to create such problems and also prevention strategies.
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Cignacco, Eva. "Between Professional Duty and Ethical Confusion: midwives and selective termination of pregnancy." Nursing Ethics 9, no. 2 (March 2002): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733002ne496oa.
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This qualitative study describes midwives’ experiences in relation to termination of pregnancy for fetal abnormalities, and their corresponding professional and ethical position. Thirteen midwives working in a university clinic were interviewed about their problems in this respect. The information gathered was evaluated by using qualitative content analysis. The study focused on the emotional experience of the midwives, their professional position, and ethical conflict. In this situation, midwives are faced with a conflict between the woman’s right to self-determination on one hand and the right to life of the child on the other. This conflict causes a high level of emotional stress and, subsequently, professional identity problems. Although questions concerning the child’s right to life are generally suppressed, the ethical principle of the woman’s right to self-determination is rationalized. Although this process of rationalization seems to present a false ethical decision, it enables midwives to continue with their daily professional duties. As far as orientating midwives to the value of these women’s right to self-determination is concerned, it must be assumed that they have made an ethical decision to which they have given insufficient thought. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that midwives are largely excluded from the decision-making process of the parents in question. They cannot therefore help in this process in a valuable and responsible way by providing clear information and proposing objective criteria. In relation to the tasks they are expected to fulfil, these midwives revealed that they were in a state of professional confusion.
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Jefford, Elaine, and Julie Jomeen. "“Midwifery Abdication”:A Finding From an Interpretive Study." International Journal of Childbirth 5, no. 3 (2015): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.5.3.116.
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BACKGROUND: Good clinical reasoning in midwifery is essential for the safety and quality of the care for women and babies. Midwives, as autonomous practitioners, are held legally and professionally accountable for their clinical reasoning, decisions, and the care they provide. Yet there is contested space between being accountable to the woman (and her birth experience) and being accountable to legal and professional frameworks and regulations. This places the midwife in a vulnerable position. This vulnerability is explored in this article.METHODOLOGY: The narratives of 6 midwives who were interviewed as part of a larger study were subjected to an inductive thematic analysis. Trustworthiness and rigor of the study was assured by careful monitoring of the research process and data checking.RESULTS: Although potentially unpalatable to the midwifery profession, we feel it is important to acknowledge that a concept called Midwifery Abdication does perhaps exist. Our assertion is underpinned by 3 key themes: “internalized perceptions of midwifery practice,” “knowing but failing to act,” and “prioritization of the woman’s needs.” Although this may be an unconscious act, it may be part of a conscious thought process which is influenced by internal and external factors. The result is loss of one’s professional voice. Midwifery Abdication introduces a level of risk, in changing clinical situations, which require a reconsideration and potential renegotiation of maternal choices and decisions.CONCLUSION: Some midwives appear to abdicate their professional decision-making role. Midwives must practice within their country’s legislative framework, which is complemented by their regulatory authority codes of professional conduct, standards, and ethics. Midwifery Abdication undermines the safety and efficacy of midwifery practice and thus destabilizes our right to claim professional autonomy.
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Hallgren, Anita, Mona Kihlgren, and Pia Olsson. "Ways of Relating During Childbirth: An ethical responsibility and challenge for midwives." Nursing Ethics 12, no. 6 (November 2005): 606–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733005ne831oa.
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The way in which midwives relate to expectant parents during the process of childbirth greatly influences the parents’ childbirth experiences for a long time. We believe that examining and describing ways of relating in naturally occurring interactions during childbirth should be considered as an ethical responsibility. This has been highlighted in relation to parents’ experiences and in the light of the relational ethics of Løgstrup. Four couples’ and nine midwives’ ways of relating were documented by 27 hours of observation, including 14.5 hours of video-recorded sessions. A qualitative content analysis was conducted. The midwives strongly influenced the different ways of relating and three aspects of professional competence were disclosed. The results can contribute to reflections about current praxis as an ethical demand for midwives.
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Shaibu, Sheila, Rachel Wangari Kimani, Constance Shumba, Rose Maina, Eunice Ndirangu, and Isabel Kambo. "Duty versus distributive justice during the COVID-19 pandemic." Nursing Ethics 28, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 1073–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733021996038.
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The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in inadequately prioritized healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries such as Kenya. In this prolonged pandemic, nurses and midwives working at the frontline face multiple ethical problems, including their obligation to care for their patients and the risk for infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Despite the frequency of emergencies in Africa, there is a paucity of literature on ethical issues during epidemics. Furthermore, nursing regulatory bodies in African countries such as Kenya have primarily adopted a Western code of ethics that may not reflect the realities of the healthcare systems and cultural context in which nurses and midwives care for patients. In this article, we discuss the tension between nurses’ and midwives’ duty of care and resource allocation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to clarify nurses’ and midwives’ rights and responsibilities, especially in the current political setting, limited resources, and ambiguous professional codes of ethics that guide their practice.
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Thompson, Faye E. "The Practice Setting: site of ethical conflict for some mothers and midwives." Nursing Ethics 10, no. 6 (November 2003): 588–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733003ne649oa.
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Practitioners’ ethical orientation and responses vary between practice settings. Yet, currently, the ethics for midwifery practice that is explicit in the literature and which provides the ideals of socialization into practice, is that of bio(medical)ethics. Traditional bioethics, developed because of World War II atrocities and increased scientific research, is based on moral philosophy, normative theory, abstract universal principles and objective problem solving, all of which focus on right and wrong ‘action’ for resolving dilemmas. They exclude context and relationship. Personal narratives of mothers and midwives contest the appropriateness of these accepted values and systems for childbirth because they induce conflict between work-place/service provider ethics and personal/professional midwifery ethics. In contrast to the disembedded and disembodied approach of biomedical ethics, an ethically adequate response in midwifery practice resonates more with the ethics of intimates, such as feminist virtue ethics.
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Tabak, Nili, and Rachel Reches. "The Attitudes of Nurses and Third and Fourth Year Nursing Students who Deal With Ethical Issues." Nursing Ethics 3, no. 1 (March 1996): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309600300105.
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Ethical attitudes towards pregnant women were examined by using a questionnaire among 50 nurses, 50 midwives and 100 nursing students (third and fourth years). The main findings show that nurses and students differ in: (1) their knowledge of the Code of Ethics; (2) their protection of patients' rights with regard to secrecy and privacy; and (3) their reporting of mistakes. These findings highlight the need for more serious study of ethics among senior professional nurses.
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Eliasson, Margareta, Gisela Kainz, and Iréne von Post. "Uncaring Midwives." Nursing Ethics 15, no. 4 (July 2008): 500–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733008090521.
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The aim of this study was to understand how mothers experienced midwives' uncaring behaviour and actions during birth. Sixty-seven first-time mothers took part in the study, in which data were collected through interview. The interview text was analysed using hermeneutic text analysis. Nearly half of the mothers interviewed ( n = 32) said that midwives did not care for them. The findings show that midwives' behaviour was humiliating when they ignored mothers and held them in contempt. The mothers felt further humiliated when the midwives did not believe them, treated their bodies in a careless manner and tended to put blame on them. Through their behaviour and actions, some midwives have shown that they no longer have a caring attitude as an element of their professional practice and that they have ignored ethics by offending mothers' sense of dignity.
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Ejder Apay, Serap, Ayşe Gürol, Elif Yağmur Gür, and Sarah Church. "Midwifery students’ reactions to ethical dilemmas encountered in outpatient clinics." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 7 (May 21, 2020): 1542–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733020922875.
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Background: Midwives are required to make ethical decisions with the support of respective codes of professional ethics which provide a framework for decision making in clinical practice. While each midwife should be ethically aware and sensitive to the ever-changing issues within reproduction, few empirical studies have examined the views of student midwives in relation to reproductive ethical dilemmas. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore midwifery students’ reactions to a number of ethical dilemmas relating to women’s experiences of reproductive decision making. Design: A series of focus groups were conducted with midwifery students who were asked to discuss five culturally significant scenarios including issues of knowledge acquisition regarding methods of family planning, removal or insertion of an intrauterine device, and abortion. Setting: A University in Turkey was the setting for this study. Participants: Purposeful sampling was adopted which resulted in five focus groups with a total of 57 midwifery students. Ethical considerations: The study was reviewed and granted formal ethical approval by an ethical committee at the Faculty of Health Science in Atatürk University. The head of the Faculty of Health Science approved the investigation. The participants received both oral and written information about the study and they gave their consent. Results: Five themes were identified from the analysis of the focus group data related to all five scenarios. These themes were ‘the right to information’, ‘choice and protection’, ‘parental rights and welfare of the women’, ‘make a decision’ and ‘women rights and sexual abuse’. Conclusion: This study has shown that while students respected women’s choice, they also expressed great ambivalence in some situations when personal values conflict with dominant societal beliefs and professional ethics. A focus on ethics education to include human rights is suggested as a means to enable students to explore their own social-value judgements, and as a means to limit the possible development of ethical confusion and moral distress.
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Fleming, Valerie, and Yvonne Robb. "Potential conflicts in midwifery practice regarding conscientious objection to abortions in Scotland." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 2 (June 6, 2017): 564–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017708332.
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Background: This study was developed as a result of a court case involving conflicts between midwives’ professional practice and their faith when caring for women undergoing abortions in Scotland. Research questions: What are practising Roman Catholics’ perspectives of potential conflicts between midwives’ professional practice in Scotland with regard to involvement in abortions and their faith? How relevant is the ‘conscience clause’ to midwifery practice today? and What are participants’ understandings of Canon 1398 in relation to midwifery practice? Research design: The theoretical underpinning of this study was Gadamer’s hermeneutic out of which the method developed by Fleming et al. involving a five-stage approach was utilised. Participants and research context: The research was conducted in the south of Scotland. A purposive sampling method was used. Eight participants who were practising Roman Catholics familiar with the subject of conscientious objection who were either midwives, lawyers (civil, canon or both) or priests contributed. Ethical considerations: The major ethical issues related to respect for autonomy, maintaining confidentiality and obtaining voluntary informed consent. Parish priests agreed to act as gatekeepers to prospective participants. All legal requirements were addressed regarding data collection and storage. Approval was given by the ethics committee of the university with which one of the researchers were associated. Findings: Three key themes provide an understanding of the situation in which midwives find themselves when considering the care for a woman admitted for an abortion: competing legal systems, competing views of conscience and limits of participation. Conclusion: Clear guidelines for practice should be developed by a multi-professional and consumer group based on an update of the abortion law to reflect the change from a surgical to medical procedure. Clarification of Canon 1398 in relation to what is and is not participation in the procurement of abortion would be of benefit to midwives with a conscientious objection.
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Asamoah Ampofo, Evelyn, Vera Caine, and Jean D. Clandinin. "Exploring knowledge landscapes: A narrative inquiry of midwives’ experiences of working in diverse settings in Ghana." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 9, no. 8 (April 24, 2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v9n8p36.
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Objective: This paper focuses on exploring the experiences of midwives in Ghana who have worked in diverse settings over time. It explores how midwives’ personal experiences across time, place and in diverse contexts impact their care for women during childbirth. The paper describes the forms of knowledge held by midwives. It presents how the experiences of midwives reflect their professional and personal practical knowledge landscape.Methods: Using narrative inquiry, the experiences of four midwives working in private maternity homes were explored. Being guided by the three-dimensional narrative inquiry space of temporality, sociality and place, and the concept of relational ethics, a meaningful relationship was built with participants over a period of five months. Several tape-recorded conversations were held with each participant, multiple other interactions were recorded as field notes and in a journal. Each tape-recorded conversation was transcribed and used to construct narrative accounts that reflected participants’ experiences as lived and told. Interim narrative accounts were shared with participants to ensure that the accounts reflected their experiences. Analysis: To identify resonant threads across all four narrative accounts, each account was read multiple times with intentionality and with the research objectives in mind.Results: Three distinct professional knowledge landscapes for midwives were identified. These were the professional knowledge landscape of working in rural communities, urban communities, and private maternity homes. Two concepts of knowledge: knowledge for midwives and midwives’ knowledge, were identified on each of these professional knowledge landscapes.Conclusions: Education of midwives should consciously take into consideration the different knowledge landscapes in which midwives in Ghana practice.
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Ergin, Ayla, Müesser Özcan, and Sena Dilek Aksoy. "The compassion levels of midwives working in the delivery room." Nursing Ethics 27, no. 3 (October 31, 2019): 887–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733019874495.
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Background: Compassion-based practices in midwifery are the most important expression of the depth of care quality. This concept is insufficiently represented in literature, therefore, studies on this subject are of utmost importance. Objectives: This study aims to determine the levels of compassion of midwives working in the delivery room and the factors affecting these levels. The study was carried out in Kocaeli, Turkey. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out from 1 February to 15 April 2019 in delivery rooms of six different hospitals located in the provincial centre of Kocaeli, Turkey, with 78 actively working midwives. Data were collected using a ‘Compassion Scale’ and analysed using the Mann–Whitney U test, the Kruskal–Wallis H test and the Spearman correlation test. Ethical considerations: This study was conducted according to ethical scientific guidelines. Results: The compassion score of the midwives were found to be 4.19 ± 0.39. The total compassion score was affected by professional factors such as number of patients, alternating shift work, number of traumatic births and work satisfaction. While the kindness subscores decreased depending on shift work and number of traumatic births, it was determined that the midwives who were satisfied with their work had higher kindness scores than those who were not. Also, as the age and professional experience of the midwives and the number of traumatic births increased, their indifference score also increased. Midwives who reported that they were not satisfied with their job had higher scores regarding separation and disengagement scores than those who were satisfied with their job. Conclusion: It was determined that the compassion levels of midwives were found to be negatively affected by factors such as age, professional experience, job satisfaction and number of monthly traumatic births in a month. They should be reminded that compassionate midwifery care for women is a basic human right.
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Boakye, Priscilla N., Elizabeth Peter, Anne Simmonds, and Solina Richter. "An examination of the moral habitability of resource-constrained obstetrical settings." Nursing Ethics 28, no. 6 (March 11, 2021): 1026–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733020988311.
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Background: While there have been studies exploring moral habitability and its impact on the work environments of nurses in Western countries, little is known about the moral habitability of the work environments of nurses and midwives in resource-constrained settings. Research objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the moral habitability of the work environment of nurses and midwives in Ghana and its influence on their moral agency using the philosophical works of Margaret Urban Walker. Research design and participants: A critical moral ethnography was conducted through the analysis of interviews with 30 nurses and midwives, along with observation, and documentary materials. Ethical considerations: After receiving ethics approval, signed informed consent was obtained from participants before data collection. Results: Five themes were identified: (1) holding onto the values, identities, and responsibilities of being a midwife/nurse; (2) scarcity of resources as limiting capacity to meet caring responsibilities; (3) gender and socio-economic inequities shaping the moral-social context of practice; (4) working with incoherent moral understandings and damaged identities in the context of inter- and intra-professional relationships; and (5) surviving through adversity with renewed commitment and courage. Discussion: The nurses and midwives were found to work in an environment that was morally uninhabitable and dominated by the scarcity of resources, overwhelming and incoherent moral responsibilities, oppressive conditions, and workplace violence. These situations constrained their moral agency and provoked suffering and distress. The nurses and midwives negotiated their practice and navigated through morally uninhabitable work environment by holding onto their moral values and commitments to childbearing women. Conclusion: Creating morally habitable workplaces through the provision of adequate resources and instituting interprofessional practice guidelines and workplace violence prevention policies may promote safe and ethical nursing and midwifery practice.
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Mizuno, Maki, Emiko Kinefuchi, Rumiko Kimura, and Akiko Tsuda. "Professional quality of life of Japanese nurses/midwives providing abortion/childbirth care." Nursing Ethics 20, no. 5 (January 17, 2013): 539–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733012463723.
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This study explored the relationship between professional quality of life and emotion work and the major stress factors related to abortion care in Japanese obstetric and gynecological nurses and midwives. Between October 2011 and January 2012, questionnaires that included questions concerning eight stress factors, the Professional Quality of Life Scale, and the Japanese version of the Frankfurt Emotional Work Scale, were answered by 255 nurses and midwives working in abortion and childbirth services. Professional Quality of Life scores (compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, burnout) were significantly associated with stress factors and emotion work. Multiple regression analysis revealed that of all the evaluated variables, the Japanese version of the Frankfurt Emotional Work Scale score for negative emotions display was the most significant positive predictor of compassion fatigue and burnout. The stress factors “thinking that the aborted fetus deserved to live” and “difficulty in controlling emotions during abortion care” were associated with compassion fatigue. These findings indicate that providing abortion services is a highly distressing experience for nurses and midwives.
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Pezaro, Sally, Wendy Clyne, and Clare Gerada. "Confidentiality, anonymity and amnesty for midwives in distress seeking online support – Ethical?" Nursing Ethics 25, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 481–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733016654315.
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Background: Midwife health is intrinsically linked to the quality of safe patient care. To ensure safe patient care, there is a need to deliver emotional support to midwives. One option that midwives may turn to may be a confidential online intervention, instead of localised, face-to-face support. Research design: Following the Realist And MEta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards publication standards, this realist synthesis approach explores the ethical considerations in permitting confidentiality, anonymity and amnesty in online interventions to support midwives in work-related psychological distress. An iterative search methodology was used to select nine papers for review. To assimilate information, papers were examined for ideas relating to ethical dimensions of online interventions to support midwives in work-related psychological distress. This review takes a narrative approach. Findings: Online interventions can support the development of insight, help seeking and open discussion. Additionally, Internet support groups can become morally persuasive in nature. Anonymity and confidentiality are both effective and therapeutic features of online interventions when used in collaboration with effective online moderation. Yet, ethical dilemmas remain where users cannot be identified. Discussion: Confidentiality and anonymity remain key components of successful online interventions. However, sanctioning the corollary component of amnesty may provoke moral discomfort for those seeking immediate accountability. For others, amnesty is seen as essential for open disclosure and help seeking. Ultimately, the needs of midwives must be balanced with the requirement to protect the public and the professional reputation of midwifery. Conclusion: In supporting midwives online, the principles of anonymity, confidentiality and amnesty may evoke some resistance on ethical grounds. However, without offering identity protection, it may not be possible to create effective online support services for midwives. The authors of this article argue that the principles of confidentiality, anonymity and amnesty should be upheld in the pursuit of the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people.
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Saraswati, Andini, Muhammad Fakih, and Nunung Rodliyah. "Comparative analysis of malpractice by midwives in the Americas and Indonesia." Asian Journal of Legal Studies 1, no. 1 (July 27, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.53402/ajls.v1i1.63.
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Midwife is a profession, so in its implementation in addition to basing on service standards set by laws and regulations, it must also be subject to a code of ethics established by professional organizations (Article 24 paragraph Idan i2 of the health law). So that a midwife as one of the health workers must not only be responsible to the community based on laws and regulations, but also human rights are responsible to professional organizations (midwifery) on the basis of the midwife's code of ethics. Responsibilities based on the government-invitation regulations as legal responsibilities can be divided into 3 aspects, namely, aspects of civil law, aspects of criminal law and aspects of administrative law. This thesis raises the issue of how criminal liability for malpractice committed by midwives and what efforts can be made to prevent malpractice from occurring by midwives. The accountability of the criminal act of malpractice is currently an important highlight because the rule of law that regulates it is still vague. This is because the regulation regarding the qualifications of malpractice acts is not clearly stated in the rule of law, this act of malpractice cannot be seen from one scientific point of view alone, but in terms of legal science as well. Malpractice contains criminal and civil elements, this should be considered so that each party does not give their own interpretation according to their respective sciences. The factors causing this criminal act of malpractice are still confusing. On the one hand, the perpetrator of malpractice cannot be blamed considering that his actions were done to solve a problem but his actions do not guarantee the completion of the problem. That Law number 36 of 2009 concerning health is not sufficient to regulate the crime of malpractice, in the Criminal Code it is also not found about the qualifications of malpractice acts that are found only qualifications due to the act of malpractice. For this reason, according to the author, the regulation regarding the criminal act of malpractice must be in good form in terms of the quanaification of malpractice acts, the consequences of malpractice acts and the accountability of the perpetrators of malpractice crimes.
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Pacian, Jolanta. "Postępowanie przed Naczelnym Sądem Aptekarskim w sprawie naruszenia zasad etyki zawodowej farmaceuty." Studia Iuridica, no. 86 (June 14, 2021): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2544-3135.si.2020-86.14.
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Members of the pharmacists’ self-government can be held liable before pharmaceutical courts for conduct breaching the rules of professional ethics and deontology, and infringing legal regulations concerning the practice of the pharmacist’s profession. Thus, the basis of professional responsibility of pharmacists is generally similar to the rules of professional liability of doctors, nurses, and midwives. Nevertheless, certain significant differences can be noticed in the course of the proceedings. Such a difference occurs in the proceedings before the Supreme Pharmaceutical Court. The professional group of pharmacists cannot be indifferent to punishable acts because this would imply tacit consent to breach of legal provisions regulating the professional practice and the rules of professional ethics and deontology set forth in the Code of Ethics of the Polish Pharmacist. Therefore, it is crucial that pharmacists, who practise a profession of public trust, should take care of the appropriate status of their occupation in order to conduct properly their mission of serving the society.
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Ibrahim, Awaida. "16. Sudan accountability framework for midwives: Building on professional code of ethics." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada 42, no. 2 (February 2020): e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogc.2019.11.055.
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Thompson, Faye E. "The emotional impact on mothers and midwives of conflict between workplace and personal/professional ethics." Australian Midwifery 18, no. 3 (November 2005): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1448-8272(05)80025-2.
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Güneş Öztürk, Gizem, Deniz Batman, and Zekiye Karaçam. "Present Status of Studies in the Field of Midwifery in Turkey." International Journal of Childbirth 8, no. 1 (May 2018): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.8.1.35.
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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the present status of studies as midwifery published over the period 2000–2015 in Turkey.MethodThe study, based on the literature, is of retrospective and descriptive design and was carried out between January and June 2016. Five hundred and forty-three articles were included in the field of midwifery found in a scan of the Google Academic, PubMed, and National Thesis Center databases in search of the keywords “ebelik” (“midwifery” in Turkish) and “midwifery and Turkey.” Numbers and percentage calculations were used in the evaluation of the data.ResultsOf the articles included in the study, 30.6% were published in a journal that concerned all health-care professions, 84.7% were of observational studies, 24.2% were conducted by academics in the midwifery departments, 19.0% were thesis studies, and 75.0% were published in the Turkish language. Of academic authors in the midwifery departments, 31.6% were midwives. In an examination of the subject fields of the articles, 25.8% pertained to midwifery professional development, knowledge, opinions, roles, ethics, and malpractice in the sampling of midwives and student midwives, whereas 26.7% of the sample groups comprised midwifery and other students.ConclusionThis study revealed that studies made in the field of midwifery education and practice were inadequate. Increasing studies in this area might contribute to ensuring improvements in the professional development of midwifery in Turkey and more globally.
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Curbach, Janina, Jonas Lander, Marie Luise Dierks, Eva-Maria Grepmeier, and Julia von Sommoggy. "How do health professionals translate evidence on early childhood allergy prevention into health literacy-responsive practice? A protocol for a mixed-method study on the views of German health professionals." BMJ Open 11, no. 11 (November 2021): e047733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047733.
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IntroductionPaediatricians, general practitioners (GPs) and midwives in primary care are important sources of information for parents on early childhood allergy prevention (ECAP). Research has shown that preventive counselling by health professionals can be effective in improving patients’ health literacy (HL) and health behaviour. Providing effective advice relies on two factors. First, health professionals need be up-to-date with research evidence on ECAP, to consider popular misconceptions and fears and to translate this knowledge into clear recommendations for parents (knowledge translation). Second, they need to know and apply counselling techniques and create a practice setting which accommodates parental HL needs (health literacy-responsive care). The objective of this study is to explore and assess how German health professionals take up and translate ECAP evidence into appropriate recommendations for parents, how they consider HL in counselling and practice organisation and what barriers and enablers they find in their performance of HL-responsive ECAP.Methods and analysisThe study has a sequential mixed-method design, in two phases. In the first phase, qualitative semi-structured expert interviews will be conducted with health professionals (paediatricians, GPs and midwives) at primary care level and professional policy level. Data collection is ongoing until January 2022. In the second phase, based on the qualitative results, a standardised questionnaire will be developed, and pilot-tested in a wider population of German health professionals. The findings of both phases will be integrated.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of the University of Regensburg (18-1205-101). The results will be published in international peer-reviewed open access journals and via presentations at scientific conferences. The results will also be shared with German health professionals, decision-makers and potential funders of interventions.
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Chiarella, Mary, and Amanda Adrian. "Boundary violations, gender and the nature of nursing work." Nursing Ethics 21, no. 3 (August 27, 2013): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733013493214.
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Complaints against nurses can be made on several grounds and orders, including removal from the registry of nurses, can be made as a result of these complaints. Boundary violations generally relate to complaints around criminal charges, unsatisfactory professional conduct or professional misconduct or a lack of good character. This article explores the spectrum of boundary violations in the nurse–patient relationship by reviewing disciplinary cases from the New South Wales Nurses and Midwives Tribunal and Professional Standards Committees. The complaints spanned a spectrum of behaviours, from minor infringements such as inappropriate compliments to intimate touching and sexual intercourse. Furthermore, the majority of respondents were men, although men comprise a minority of the nursing profession. This phenomenon is discussed in terms of gender stereotyping and nursing work. In addition, the possibility that improved supervision may have gone some way to preventing the violations is explored.
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Fleming, Valerie, Beate Ramsayer, and Teja Škodič Zakšek. "Freedom of conscience in Europe? An analysis of three cases of midwives with conscientious objection to abortion." Journal of Medical Ethics 44, no. 2 (July 29, 2017): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2016-103529.
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While abortion has been legal in most developed countries for many years, the topic remains controversial. A major area of controversy concerns women’s rights vis-a-vis the rights of health professionals to opt out of providing the service on conscience grounds. Although scholars from various disciplines have addressed this issue in the literature, there is a lack of empirical research on the topic. This paper provides a documentary analysis of three examples of conscientious objection on religious grounds to performing abortion-related care by midwives in different Member States of the European Union, two of which have resulted in legal action. These examples show that as well as the laws of the respective countries and the European Union, professional and church law each played a part in the decisions made. However, support from both professional and religious sources was inconsistent both within and between the examples. The authors conclude that there is a need for clear guidelines at both local and pan-European level for health professionals and recommend a European-wide forum to develop and test them.
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Woodward, Vivien. "Achieving Moral Health Care: the challenge of patient partiality." Nursing Ethics 6, no. 5 (September 1999): 390–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309900600505.
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Illness and hospitalization are sources of vulnerability; they arguably endow nurses and midwives with the moral obligation to develop caring relationships with patients. Fairness and the equal treatment of patients are central to moral practice; current government publications are giving this political emphasis. This article argues that patient partiality is one factor that may result in insidiously unequal caregiving. Data generated during a qualitative study into professional caring suggest that patient partiality is an accepted part of everyday practice. Factors such as the patient’s personality, nurse-patient familiarity and the perceived level of patients’ understanding and interest in their illness emerged as possible sources of partiality and influence on practitioners’ interactions with patients. The article argues that patient partiality can be managed morally if practitioners develop self-awareness and constantly reflect on the moral integrity of everyday practice. Throughout the article, unless it is stated that specific reference is being made to either nurses or midwives, reference to a nurse or practitioner denotes both. It is also emphasized that no implication is intended that any study participants provided unequal care. Rather, data are utilized solely to generate focused discussion around the concept of patient partiality.
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Hamlin, Lynette. "Comparison of Births by Provider, Place, and Payer in New Hampshire." Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice 18, no. 2 (May 2017): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527154417720680.
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This study examines maternity care in a rural state by birth attendant, place of birth, and payer of birth. It is a secondary analysis of birth certificate data in New Hampshire between the years 2005 and 2012. Results revealed that in New Hampshire, the majority of births occurred in the hospital setting (98.6%). Physicians attended 75.8% of births, certified nurse midwives attended 17%, and certified professional midwives attended 1%. Medicaid coverage was the payer source for 28% of all births, compared with 44.9% nationally. Women with a private payer source were more likely than women with Medicaid or other payer sources to have a cesarean section. The findings demonstrate quality of care outcomes among a range of clinicians and settings, providing a policy argument for expanding maternity care options.
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Lisa, Ulfa Farrah, Yulizawati Yulizawati, and Miranie Safaringga. "Effect of Implementation of Blended Learning Method on Student Learning Outcomes At Block 5a. Professional Ethics and Health Law in Undergraduate Midwifery Program, Faculty of Medicine Andalas University." Journal of Midwifery 6, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jom.6.1.66-73.2021.
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Midwives are one of the main health workers as the spearhead of health development in an effort to accelerate the reduction of MMR and IMR. For this reason, midwives who are skilled in conducting clinical procedures are needed with analytical, critical and precise skills in the management of care for women. This can be generated through quality midwife education providers, which are determined by the availability of human resources (lecturers), the quality of infrastructure, classroom learning curricula, laboratory and clinical practice and the condition of the practice area.The learning method is one of the supporting methods for the successful achievement of graduate competencies. This study aims to analyze the effect of the implementation of the blended learning method on the learning outcomes of block 5A midwifery students.Professional Ethics and Health Law in Midwifery Undergraduate Study Program, FK Unand. Design pThis research is a quasi experiment with a control group design research design. The research subjects were given treatment, namely the blended learning method. The analysis used to test the hypothesis is to seedifferences in the mean (average) of data for the treatment group (this year) and the control group (last year) fordetermine whether there is an effect of the implementation of the blended learning method on the learning outcomes of block 5A students. This study applies online learning methods in Block 5A. Respondents who were given treatment in this study were BP18 students, and control respondents were BP17 students who had implemented Block 5A learning in the previous year without using online methods. The results of the unpaired t test with the level of significance (α) are <0.05, which results in a probability value (p) of 0.000, which means that there is an effect of the implementation of the blended learning method on the learning outcomes of Block 5A students. In conclusion, blended learning has a positive impact on increasing the value and motivation of student learning in Block 5A
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Newell, Christopher. "Furthering social responsibility and professional ethics: a response to Eva Cignacco on midwives and selective abortion on the grounds of disability." Nursing Ethics 9, no. 2 (March 2002): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973300200900207.
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MacLellan, Jennifer. "Claiming an Ethic of Care for midwifery." Nursing Ethics 21, no. 7 (June 10, 2014): 803–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014534878.
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Background: The public domain of midwifery practice, represented by the educational and hospital institutions could be blamed for a subconscious ethical dilemma for midwifery practitioners. The result of such tension can be seen in complaints from maternity service users of dehumanised care. When expectations are not met, women report dehumanising experiences that carry long term consequences to both them and their child. Objectives: To revisit the ethical foundation of midwifery practice to reflect the feminist Ethic of Care and reframe what is valuable to women and midwives during the childbirth experience. Research Design: A comprehensive literature review is presented from the midwifery and feminist ethics discourse. Ethical Considerations: Nil to report. Findings: Women are vulnerable during childbirth as they need care, yet they prioritise elements of relationship in their experience. The Ethic of Care approach equalises the relationship between the midwife and the woman, providing the space for relationship building and allowing midwives to meet the expectations of their accepted responsibility. Discussion: Some midwives manage to balance the demands of the institution with the needs of the woman. This is described as both an emotional and professionally challenging balancing act. Conclusion: Until there is a formal acknowledgement of the different ethical approach to midwifery practice from within the profession and the Institution, midwifery identity and practice will continue to be compromised.
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Vincifori, Elena, and Monica Molinar Min. "Ethical Code and Professional Identity: A Survey on Italian Midwives." International Journal of Childbirth 4, no. 1 (2014): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.4.1.55.
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose is to describe the professional identity of Italian midwives as depicted by the Italian Midwives Ethical Code and expressed in everyday work.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. The parameters explored to describe the key aspects of midwives’ professional identity are culture, competence, membership, and acknowledgment. The survey is carried out through a nonvalidated questionnaire. The instrument was delivered to 235 midwives of the districts of Como, Lecco, and Sondrio (Lombardia, Italy) working in hospitals, or in communities or as independent midwives.MAJOR FINDINGS: The response rate is 79.1%. Regarding “culture,” it has been found that the survey participants consider midwives’ autonomy to be relevant (50.0%). As to “competence,” they emphasized collaboration among professionals (60.8%). Concerning “membership,” the participants highlighted the role of midwives professional colleges (58.1%). As to “acknowledgment,” midwives expressed a high level of respect and cooperation among professionals (76.9%), but they consider midwifery to be a semiprofession (58.1%). Cross-tabulated analysis suggests that midwives, particularly those who achieved a diploma under the old academic regulations (p < .05) and those who work outside a hospital environment (p < .05), do not consider autonomy to be enough to establish midwifery as a fully fledged profession.MAIN CONCLUSION: The most widespread profile emerging from the survey results seems to be the so-called “hybrid midwife,” who experiences the contradiction between what can actually be achieved in a hospital environment and the core values of midwifery. It would be advisable to extend the survey to a wider sample and to further investigate aspects such as continuity of care, autonomy, and profession/professionalism employing qualitative research instruments, such as participant observation and in-depth interviews.
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Nishimura, Akiko, and Mitsuko Yamada. "Trends in East Asian nurses recognizing ethical behavioral practices." Nursing Ethics 29, no. 2 (November 9, 2021): 425–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09697330211035503.
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Background: Nurses are expected to make and implement autonomous decisions to provide patients with excellent quality nursing while practicing complex, high-level care. However, studies have shown that nursing practice based on autonomous decision-making is difficult, and a gap exists between decision-making and implementation. Research question/aim/objectives: This study aims to clarify trends among nursing professionals who recognize they are practicing ethical behavior in their nursing practice. Research design/Participants and research context: We surveyed the basic attributes of and used the Ode’s Ethical Behavior Scale for Nurses with 3467 nursing professionals working at 34 hospitals in suburban cities of Japan and investigated the relationships among these factors. Ethical considerations: This study was approved by the appropriate research ethics committee. The Ethical Behavior Scale for Nurses was used with the authors’ permission. Findings/results: Significant differences were found in the mean “ethical behavior” scores between nurses and licensed practical nurses and midwives and licensed practical nurses. Mean scores for the “justice” subscale differed significantly between the low experience group and mid-level experience group and between the high experience group and mid-level experience group. Significant differences were also found in the mean scores between those with ethics education experience and those without, those with ethics training experience and those without, and those with ethics conference experience and those without. Discussion: Midwives and nurses had higher ethical behaviors than licensed practical nurses. Nursing professionals with low and high experience had higher justice scores than those with mid-level experience. Finally, nursing professionals with ethics education, training, or conference experience had higher ethical behavior than those without such experience. Conclusion: Nursing professionals who recognize they are practicing ethical behavior tend to be midwives or nurses with low or high levels of experience who attended ethics education, training, or conferences.
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Gündoğmuş, Ümit N., Erdem Özkara, and Samiye Mete. "Nursing and Midwifery Malpractice in Turkey Based on the Higher Health Council Records." Nursing Ethics 11, no. 5 (September 2004): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/096973304ne727oa.
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Medical malpractice has attracted the attention of people and the media all over the world. In Turkey, malpractice cases are tried according to both criminal and civil law. Nurses and midwives in Turkey fulfill important duties in the distribution of health services. The aim of this study was to reveal the legal procedures followed in malpractice allegations and malpractice lawsuits in which nurses and midwives were named as defendants. We reviewed 59 nursing and midwifery lawsuits reported to the Higher Health Council between 1993 and 1998. Health professionals were held liable in 59% of the lawsuits. Midwives had the highest percentage of malpractice liability (52%), followed by physicians (29%) and nurses (19%). To reduce potential liability, nurse education should be improved, a nursing malpractice law should be enacted, and instructions for nursing procedures should be formulated.
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Oelhafen, Stephan, and Eva Cignacco. "Moral distress and moral competences in midwifery: A latent variable approach." Journal of Health Psychology 25, no. 13-14 (September 3, 2018): 2340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105318794842.
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Like other health professionals, midwives need moral competences in order to cope effectively with ethical issues and to prevent moral distress and negative consequences such as fatigue or impaired quality of care. In this study, we developed and conducted a survey with 280 midwives or midwifery students assessing the burden associated with ethical issues, moral competences, and negative consequences of moral distress. Results show that ethical issues associated with asymmetries of power and authority most often lead to the experience of distress. The results are critically discussed in the context of the conceptualization and operationalization of moral distress.
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Clarke, Jean, and Catherine S. O’Neill. "An Analysis of How The Irish Times Portrayed Irish Nursing During the 1999 Strike." Nursing Ethics 8, no. 4 (July 2001): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973300100800407.
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The aim of this article is to explore the images of nursing that were presented in the media during the recent industrial action by nurses and midwives in the Republic of Ireland. Although both nurses and midwives took industrial strike action, the strike was referred to as ‘the nurses’ strike’ and both nurses and midwives were generally referred to by the generic term ‘nurses’. Data were gathered from the printed news media of The Irish Times over a period of one month - 4 October to 4 November 1999 - which included the nine days of the strike. Although we limited the source of our data to just one newspaper, the findings do provide an image of how nurses and nursing care are viewed by both health professionals and the public. This image appeared to give a higher value to masculine cultural codes and the performance of technical skills, whereas acts associated with feminine cultural codes of caring were considered of lower value.
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Hunt, Geoffrey. "Moral Crisis, Professionals and Ethical Education." Nursing Ethics 4, no. 1 (January 1997): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309700400104.
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Western civilization has probably reached an impasse, expressed as a crisis on all fronts: economic, technological, environmental and political. This is experienced on the cultural level as a moral crisis or an ethical deficit. Somehow, the means we have always assumed as being adequate to the task of achieving human welfare, health and peace, are failing us. Have we lost sight of the primacy of human ends? Governments still push for economic growth and technological advances, but many are now asking: economic growth for what, technology for what? Health care and nursing are caught up in the same inversion of human priorities. Professionals, such as nurses and midwives, need to take on social responsibilities and a collective civic voice, and play their part in a moral regeneration of society. This involves carrying civic rights and duties into the workplace.
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Marshall, Jayne E., Diane M. Fraser, and Philip N. Baker. "An Observational Study to Explore the Power and Effect of the Labor Ward Culture on Consent to Intrapartum Procedures." International Journal of Childbirth 1, no. 2 (2011): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.1.2.82.
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AIM: To explore the concept of informed consent to intrapartum procedures within a hospital labor ward.DESIGN: An ethnographic study using participant observation and follow-up semistructured interviews with women and the attending midwives. Data analysis used principles of grounded theory assisted by the computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) package, Non-numerical Unstructured Data Indexing, Searching, and Theorizing (NUD*IST). The study was approved by the Local Research Ethics Committee.PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: 100 healthy English-speaking women in spontaneous labor who were to give birth within the labor ward of a large teaching hospital in England and the attending health professionals.FINDINGS:•The fragmented Western technocratic model of childbirth affected gaining informed consent to intrapartum procedures within the labor ward environment.•Midwives and women adopted certain stereotypical roles relating to how information was given and decisions made about intrapartum procedures.•Not all women wanted to be fully informed about intrapartum care and procedures and trusted the midwife or doctor to make decisions, especially concerning the health of their newborn.•Where a birth plan had been completed, women felt valued and enabled by having contributed to decisions made about their care.CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed that true choices to childbearing women were limited and informed consent was rarely obtained. Further exploration is required to establish the optimal timing of information disclosure to gain consent to intrapartum practices prior to the onset of labor, because during labor is not ideal. The 2 typologies may be used by midwives to examine how the culture of the birthing environment can affect women’s choice and the obtaining of informed consent to intrapartum procedures, especially where care is fragmented. Until birth is viewed through a holistic birthing model, health professionals will continue to control the birth experience. However, what is provided in practice should be congruent with the needs and expectations of childbearing women.
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Young, Carolyn Mae, Liz Smythe, and Judith McAra Couper. "Burnout: Lessons From the Lived Experience of Case Loading Midwives." International Journal of Childbirth 5, no. 3 (2015): 154–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.5.3.154.
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Workplace burnout is a worldwide phenomenon that is little understood within the New Zealand midwifery work force, yet on call, client focused practice may carry a high potential for it. This qualitative study takes a phenomenological approach drawing primarily on the philosophy of Heidegger and Gadamer and considers burnout among New Zealand Lead Maternity Care (LMC) midwives. It asks the question “What lessons can be learned?” Ethical approval was granted for this study which involved interviewing 12 participant LMC midwives who self-identified as having experienced professional burnout. Four of their partners were interviewed with the midwives permission to allow another perspective. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data was analyzed using a phenomenological approach set in context with associated literature. The experience of professional burnout for the participants in this study was one of extreme personal pain which some felt they may never recover from. Despite global recognition of the destructive phenomenon of burnout, participants consistently described not understanding what was happening to them. They felt judged as managing their practices poorly, the isolating feelings of shame prevented disclosing their escalating need for help. Understanding burnout enables case loading midwives to recognize that their working environment may place them at risk.
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Steen, Mary, Shwikar Mahmoud Etman Othman, Annette Briley, Rachael Vernon, Steven Hutchinson, and Susan Dyer. "Self-compassion Education for Health Professionals (Nurses and Midwives): Protocol for a Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Study." JMIR Research Protocols 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): e34372. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/34372.
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Background A few recent studies have reported that having the ability to provide self-compassion can reduce health professionals’ levels of anxiety and stress, the risk of compassion fatigue, and burnout, and it can generally improve their well-being. Therefore, there is evidence to support further research into the investigation and exploration of self-compassion education and training for health professionals. Objective This study aims to increase the knowledge and understanding of self-compassion and how this may enhance the health and well-being of health professionals. Methods The proposed research study will adopt a sequential explanatory mixed methods design. This study will be conducted in 3 phases. Phase 1 will use a pre-educational self-compassion questionnaire (web-based survey) to collect data from participants at 3 time points (before, immediately after, and after follow-up at 6-8 weeks) after they have attended a self-compassion education and training program. Phase 2 will use an interview schedule to explore the participants’ views and experiences through a follow-up focus group or individual interview. Finally, phase 3 will include data integration and dissemination of key findings and recommendations. Results This study was approved by the Women’s and Children’s Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee and the Human Research Ethics Committee at the University of South Australia on June 26, 2021 (ID: 204,074). A scoping review was conducted to inform this research study (focusing on nurses and midwives). The preparatory phase was completed in April 2021. Phase 1 is expected to be completed by June 2022 and phase 2 will commence in July 2022. Conclusions The key findings from the data integration for this research project will provide in-depth details and insights to broaden the discussion about self-compassion and its influence on health professionals’ health and well-being. Health professionals (nurses and midwives) may benefit from self-compassion education and training programs to improve their health and well-being. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/34372
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Dagla, Maria, Vasiliki Petousi, and Antonios Poulios. "Neonatal End-of-Life Decision Making: The Possible Behavior of Greek Physicians, Midwives, and Nurses in Clinical Scenarios." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 3938. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083938.
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Background: This study investigates the acceptability, bioethical justification, and determinants of the provision of intensive care to extremely preterm or ill neonates among healthcare professionals serving in NICUs in Greek hospitals. Methods: Healthcare professionals (71 physicians, 98 midwives, and 82 nurses) employed full-time at all public Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) (n = 17) in Greece were asked to report their potential behavior in three clinical scenarios. Results: The majority of healthcare professionals would start and continue intensive care to (a) an extremely preterm neonate, (b) a full-term neonate with an unfavorable prognosis, and (c) a neonate with complete phocomelia. In cases (a) and (b), midwives and nurses compared to physicians (p = 0.009 and p = 0.004 in scenarios (a) and (b), respectively) and health professionals ascribing to the quality-of-life principle compared to those ascribing to the intrinsic value of life (p = 0.001 and p = 0.01 scenarios (a) and (b) respectively), tend towards withholding or withdrawing care. Religion plays an important role in all three scenarios (p = 0.005, p = 0.017 and p = 0.043, respectively). Conclusions: Understanding healthcare professionals’ therapeutic intensiveness in the face of NICU ethical dilemmas can improve NICU policies, support strategies, and, consequently, the quality of neonatal intensive care.
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Lyons, A., and S. Church. "Postnatal depression: Can visual media and dramatisation of a young woman's experiences, enable student health care professionals develop knowledge to enhance clinical practice skills?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1162.
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IntroductionSince the presentation of the symptoms of postnatal depression (PND) can vary; healthcare professionals must receive the appropriate level of training to develop the knowledge required for the effective assessment and referral of women. Yet, healthcare professionals may have limited knowledge in perinatal mental health and students may lack practice opportunities to develop the knowledge and clinical skills. For these reasons, the use of alternative learning resources within perinatal mental health education is vital.ObjectivesTo explore the use of visual media in perinatal mental health education.AimsAgainst the background of increasing concerns about the ability of professionals to assess women with PND, this paper will consider how using dramatisation as a teaching approach can enable students to develop their knowledge and guide clinical skill development.MethodsThree separate groups of senior student midwives and health visitors were asked to evaluate a dramatisation developed from women's lived experience of PND. Pre and post verbal evaluation of the drama were undertaken with the use of focus groups guided by semi-structured questions. Ethical approval was granted by the university.ResultsFollowing thematic analysis three issues were identified:–the role of the healthcare professional;–improvements needed in care;–issues of education and training.ConclusionsAgainst the background of limited placement experience and opportunity for assessment of PND, the use of visual media can improve student healthcare professionals’ learning; with the use of structured facilitation, there is a great potential for multidisciplinary learning.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Edward, Cecilia, and Paul E. Preece. "Shared Teaching in Health Care Ethics: A Report on the Beginning of an Idea." Nursing Ethics 6, no. 4 (July 1999): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309900600405.
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In the majority of academic institutions nursing and medical students receive a traditional education, the content of which tends to be specific to their future roles as health care professionals. In essence, each curriculum design is independent of each course. Over the last decade, however, interest has been accumulating in relation to interprofessional and multiprofessional learning at student level. With the view that learning together during their student training would not only encourage and strengthen future collaboration in practice settings but also enhance patient care, the University of Dundee decided to run a pilot study to explore shared teaching in ethics between medical and nursing students. This article presents a report on the reasons for selecting health care ethics as a precursor for shared teaching, the educational tool used for the sessions, and the results of student and facilitator evaluation of the short course. Overall, despite problems such as poor attendance by some students, and facilitation and timetable difficulties, most of the feedback from students and facilitators has been positive. In essence the ‘idea’ has gone from strength to strength and there are now three levels of shared teaching in ethics between nursing and medical students, with plans to include further sessions with students from other disciplines. Within the text, ‘health care ethics’ will be referred to as ‘ethics’; nursing students/nurses encompasses midwifery students/midwives.
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Rousseau, Anne, Laurent Gaucher, Sylvain Gautier, Ines Mahrez, and Sophie Baumann. "How midwives implemented teleconsultations during the COVID-19 health crisis: a mixed-methods study." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (April 2022): e057292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057292.
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ObjectivesOur primary and secondary objectives were to measure and understand the determinants of independent midwives' implementation of teleconsultations and their intention to continue these in the future.DesignA two-phase mixed-methods approach: (1) quantitative data to measure factors determining the initiation and continuation of teleconsultation, collected by an online survey from 29 April to 15 May 2020, at the end of the first COVID-19 lockdown, followed by (2) qualitative data to understand these determinants, by interviewing some participants in May–July 2020 to explore the quantitative findings in more detail.SettingMainland FranceParticipantsThe target population comprised independent midwives currently practising in France.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary and secondary outcomes were binary variables: implementation of teleconsultations, and intention to continue them. The qualitative results provided the themes explaining these decisions.ResultsWe obtained 1491 complete responses from independent midwives, that is, 28.3% of French independent midwives, and interviewed 22 volunteers among them. Among the 1491, 88.5% implemented teleconsultations and 65.8% intended to continue them. Both individual and organisational factors favoured implementation of teleconsultations: older age (adjusted OR (aOR): 0.40, 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.58), female gender (aOR: 6.88, 95% CI: 2.71 to 17.48), married or living with a partner (aOR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.10 to 2.52) and working in a group practice (midwives only—aOR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.47 to 3.72; multiprofessional group—aOR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.16 to 2.64). The qualitative analysis did not identify any new factors but helped us to understand the satisfaction better: midwives adopted telemedicine for their patients' access to and continuity of care, to maintain their professional activity and income, and to limit the risks of infection.ConclusionPersonal and organisational factors motivated the implementation of teleconsultation during the pandemic, but maintaining it raises technical, regulatory, and ethical issues.