Academic literature on the topic 'Middle-aged women Fiji Health and hygiene'
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Journal articles on the topic "Middle-aged women Fiji Health and hygiene"
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Agarwal, Brijesh Kumar, and Namita Agarwal. "Urinary incontinence: prevalence, risk factors, impact on quality of life and treatment seeking behaviour among middle aged women." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 6 (May 24, 2017): 1953. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20172131.
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Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the priority health issue recognized by WHO. Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined by the international continence society as "a condition in which involuntary loss of urine is objectively demonstrable and is a social and hygiene problem. It is a common and distressing medical condition severely affecting quality of life (QOL). Urinary incontinence is a common health problem among women, with the prevalence varying from 8-45% in different studies.Methods: This study was based among the population around SRM-IMS, Bareilly. Total 464 women were interviewed out of 2860 total inhabitants.Results: Out of 464, 236 females were selected for this study. 28 women had urinary incontinence. The overall prevalence of urinary incontinence in our study was about 12%. There was significant association of increasing age and presence of urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence does impact on quality of life of a woman having urinary incontinence. Impact of personal factors do not have much impact on urinary incontinence. 22% women had stress urinary incontinence, 38% had urgency incontinence and 38% had mixed type of urinary incontinence.Conclusions: Various obstetrical factors do contribute to urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence is a significant health problem in the society leading to restriction in social and sexual activities. Almost 1 in 12 women suffering from urinary incontinence. Simple epidemiological tools such as a questionnaire can unveil the urinary incontinence subjectively. Further efforts are to be done to improve the quality of life and minimizing the urinary incontinence by pursuing them for treatment.
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Afiaz, Awan, and Raaj Kishore Biswas. "Awareness on menstrual hygiene management in Bangladesh and the possibilities of media interventions: using a nationwide cross-sectional survey." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e042134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042134.
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ObjectivesMenstrual hygiene management (MHM) has become a growing public health concern in many low-income and middle-income nations for its association with several health risks. This study observed types of menstrual absorbents used among women in Bangladesh and analysed the associated sociodemographic factors with the hypothesis that mass media can increase awareness regarding MHM. The study includes recommendations for possible intervention strategies designed to address this lack of awareness.Design and participantsThe analysis used the data from the nationally representative Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019 that employed a two-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach, with a study sample of 54 242 women aged between 15 and 49 years. A generalised linear model was fitted to the data adjusting for survey weights and cluster/strata variations along with bivariate analyses and spatial mapping.ResultsOnly a quarter of women (24.3%) used modern absorbents for MHM with most resorting to unhygienic traditional practices. Spatial distribution showed that the use of modern absorbent of MHM was limited to the major cities. The women who had mobile phones and regular access to the media were nearly 43% (adjusted OR (AOR) 1.43 with 95% CI 1.33 to 1.54) and 47% (AOR 1.47 with 95% CI 1.35 to 1.60) more likely to use the modern absorbents of MHM, respectively. Furthermore, educated women living in urban solvent households with educated house heads were also found to use modern absorbents of MHM.ConclusionsThere appeared to be scope for interventions through a combined national effort to raise awareness using multifaceted media channels regarding MHM among women in order to meet the Sustainable Development Goals 3.7 and 6.2 of addressing women’s healthcare and hygiene needs.
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Sarinah, Sarinah. "TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP REMAJA PUTRI TUNANETRA TENTANG MENARCHE DI SLB Y TANJUNG MORAWA TAHUN 2018." COLOSTRUM : Jurnal Kebidanan 2, no. 1 (January 14, 2021): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36911/colostrum.v2i1.906.
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Menarche is the first menstruation that usually occurs in the age range of 10-16 years or in early adolescence in the middle of puberty before entering the reproductive period. Knowledge is the result of knowing and this happens after people have sensed a certain object. Sensing occurs through the human senses, namely: vision, hearing, smell, taste and touch. Attitude is a reaction or response of someone who is still closed to a stimulation or object. The manifestation of that attitude cannot be directly seen, but can only be interpreted in advance from closed behavior.This research uses descriptive quantitative method, namely to find out the description of the level of knowledge of blind young women about menarche at Y Tanjung Morawa SLB 2018. The population in this study were all the number of young women at Y Tanjung Morawa SLB aged 10-18 years. And the sample in this study is the entire population. Data collection using primary data. From the results of research on blind teenage girls at Y Tanjung Morawa SLB in 2018 the majority of knowledge is less than 60% and the minority of good knowledge (16.67%) The majority of respondents aged 10-12 years lack knowledge as much as 23.33%, sufficient knowledge 13, 33% and good knowledge as much as 10%, minorities are found at the age of 16-18 years with less knowledge as much as 10%, sufficient knowledge as much as 6.67% and good knowledge as much as 3.33%. The majority of information sources from the environment are lack of knowledge as much as 33.33%, sufficient knowledge of 10% and good knowledge as much as 6.67% of the source of information from health professionals is enough (3.33%). The majority of adolescent attitudes are negative as much as 56.67% and minority positive teen attitudes as much as 43.33%. From the results of the study it is expected that young women will increase their knowledge about menarche because it is very important to maintain personal hygiene during menarche or menstruation.
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von Salmuth, Victoria, Eilise Brennan, Marko Kerac, Marie McGrath, Severine Frison, and Natasha Lelijveld. "Maternal-focused interventions to improve infant growth and nutritional status in low-middle income countries: A systematic review of reviews." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 18, 2021): e0256188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256188.
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Background Small and nutritionally at-risk infants under 6 months (<6m) are a vulnerable group at increased risk of mortality, morbidity, poor growth and sub-optimal development. Current national and international (World Health Organization) management guidelines focus mainly on infants’ needs, yet growing evidence suggests that maternal factors also influence infant outcomes. We aimed to inform future guidelines by exploring the impacts of maternal-focused interventions on infant feeding and growth. Methods We conducted a systematic review of reviews published since 2008 (PROSPERO, register number CRD 42019141724). We explored five databases and a wide variety of maternal-focused interventions based in low- and middle-income countries. Infant outcomes of interest included anthropometric status, birthweight, infant mortality, breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices. Given heterogenous interventions, we present a narrative synthesis of the extracted data. Results We included a total of 55 systematic reviews. Numerous maternal interventions were effective in improving infant growth or feeding outcomes. These included breastfeeding promotion, education, support and counselling interventions. Maternal mental health, while under-researched, showed potential to positively impact infant growth. There was also some evidence for a positive impact of: women’s empowerment, m-health technologies, conditional cash transfers, water, sanitation and hygiene and agricultural interventions. Effectiveness was increased when implemented as part of a multi-sectoral program. Antenatal supplementation with macronutrient, multiple micronutrients, Vitamin D, zinc, iron folic acid and possibly calcium, iodine and B12 in deficient women, improved birth outcomes. In contrast, evidence for postnatal supplementation was limited as was evidence directly focusing on small and nutritionally at-risk infants; most reviews focused on the prevention of growth faltering. Conclusion Our findings suggest sufficient evidence to justify greater inclusion of mothers in more holistic packages of care for small and nutritionally at-risk infants aged <6m. Context specific approaches are likely needed to support mother-infant dyads and ensure infants survive and thrive.
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Prisyazhnyuk, O. V., A. K. Iordanishvili, and M. I. Muzikin. "Dental rehabilitation for periodontal and oral mucosa diseases in type 2 diabetes." Periodontology 25, no. 1 (March 11, 2020): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3759-2020-25-1-27-31.
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Relevance. Medical and dental personnel suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus are susceptible to changes in tissues, periodontal, oral mucosa, and also make oral hygiene, which makes treatment of major dental diseases ineffective, as well as worsening of ongoing periodontal and oral mucosa diseases.Purpose. Study the condition of periodontal tissues and oral mucosa of adults suffering from T2DM, including during dynamic monitoring by a dentist in the conditions of centralized treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus at the “Stomatological polyclinic № 29” of Frunzensky district, St. Petersburg.Materials and methods. 362 middle-aged women who were divided into 3 groups were examined. The 1st (control) group included 127 people who were practically healthy in their psychosomatic status. The 2nd group included 103 people suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who were visited by a dentist for treatment. The 3rd group consisted of 132 people, which took place over 2.5-3 years, were under dynamic observation by a dentist who treats patients with diabetes mellitus. During clinical trials, patients studied periodontology using methods of generally accepted methods of periodontology.Results. It was found that people with diabetes suffer from diabetes at the stomatological polyclinic number 29 of the Frunze district. St. Petersburg, with the usually observed 100% prevalence of periodontal inflammatory pathology and the high severity of its ducts, was overwhelmingly sanitized (95.45%), there are good individual oral hygiene (0.58 ± 0.18) and low need for in addition to gingivitis and periodontitis (17.42%), unlike people suffering from type 2 diabetes and visiting a dentist for treatment, where the need for inflammatory periodontal pathology is 100%.Conclusion. Created on the basis of dental clinic number 29 St. Petersburg. The dental care center for people suffering from T2DM syndrome showed that with early access to dental care and with their dynamic observation, it is possible to achieve a good level of dental health with a satisfactory aesthetic nature of the dentition and chewing functions.
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Sosnowska, Joanna. "Inicjatywy opiekuńcze i oświatowo-wychowawcze łódzkiej społeczności żydowskiej w latach I wojny światowej – Przytulisko dla Dzieci Wyznania Mojżeszowego." Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, no. 34 (October 12, 2018): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2016.34.2.
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In 1914–1918, the Łódź Jewish community organized activities for children and teenagers in more than ten social and charitable organizations and institutions. Some of them were established even before 1914, some were opened during WWI. The Shelter for Jewish Children was among the centres operating during the difficult war times and dating back to the time before the Great War. The Shelter was established on the initiative of Sara Poznańska, wife of Maurycy Poznański, a prominent Jewish industrialist and social activist in Łódź. Members of the Board of the new institution included rich, middle class Jewish women, factory owners and merchants. In 1917, they were joined by S. Poznańska as President, Maria Hertzowa as Vice-President, Stefania Hirszbergowa as Treasurer and Paweł Becker as Secretary of the Board. Several sections were identified in the Shelter with different functions in mind: the Pedagogical, Medical, Food, Maintenance, and Clothes Sections. The task of the Pedagogical section was care for the intellectual and physical development of the children. Efforts were made to propagate Polish issues in education (the children were taught history and the Polish language). The Medical Section focused on hygiene and the children’s health. The Food Section prepared hot meals, i.e. dinners and breakfasts. The Maintenance Section’s responsibility was to develop a sense of cleanliness and order in the children. The Clothes Section put an emphasis on maintaining the children’s clothes in order, mainly by mending them. During WWI, the Shelter took care of over 200 pre-school and school children (aged 4–12).
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Thakuri, Dipendra S., Roshan K. Thapa, Samikshya Singh, Geha N. Khanal, and Resham B. Khatri. "A harmful religio-cultural practice (Chhaupadi) during menstruation among adolescent girls in Nepal: Prevalence and policies for eradication." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (September 1, 2021): e0256968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256968.
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Background Chhaupadi is a deeply rooted tradition and a centuries-old harmful religio-cultural practice. Chhaupadi is common in some parts of Karnali and Sudurpaschim Provinces of western Nepal, where women and girls are considered impure, unclean, and untouchable in the menstrual period or immediately following childbirth. In Chhaupadi practice, women and girls are isolated from a range of daily household chores, social events and forbidden from touching other people and objects. Chhaupadi tradition banishes women and girls into menstruation huts’, or Chhau huts or livestock sheds to live and sleep. These practices are guided by existing harmful beliefs and practices in western Nepal, resulting in poor menstrual hygiene and poor physical and mental health outcomes. This study examined the magnitude of Chhaupadi practice and reviewed the existing policies for Chhaupadi eradication in Nepal. Methods We used both quantitative survey and qualitative content analysis of the available policies. First, a quantitative cross-sectional survey assessed the prevalence of Chhaupadi among 221 adolescent girls in Mangalsen Municipality of Achham district. Second, the contents of prevailing policies on Chhaupadi eradication were analysed qualitatively using the policy cube framework. Results The current survey revealed that most adolescent girls (84%) practised Chhaupadi in their most recent menstruation. The Chhaupadi practice was high if the girls were aged 15–17 years, born to an illiterate mother, and belonged to a nuclear family. Out of the girls practising Chhaupadi, most (86%) reported social and household activities restrictions. The policy content analysis of identified higher-level policy documents (constitution, acts, and regulations) have provisioned financial resources, ensured independent monitoring mechanisms, and had judiciary remedial measures. However, middle (policies and plans) and lower-level (directives) documents lacked adequate budgetary commitment and independent monitoring mechanisms. Conclusion Chhaupadi remains prevalent in western Nepal and has several impacts to the health of adolescent girls. Existing policy mechanisms lack multilevel (individual, family, community, subnational and national) interventions, including financial and monitoring systems for Chhaupadi eradication. Eradicating Chhaupadi practice requires a robust multilevel implementation mechanism at the national and sub-national levels, including adequate financing and accountable systems up to the community level.
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Anaba, Emmanuel Anongeba, Emilia Asuquo Udofia, Adom Manu, Anita Anima Daniels, and Richmond Aryeetey. "Use of reusable menstrual management materials and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Ghana: analysis of the 2017/18 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey." BMC Women's Health 22, no. 1 (March 26, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-01670-9.
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Abstract Background The use of unsafe materials to collect menstrual blood predisposes women and girls to infections. There is a paucity of literature on the utilization of reusable menstrual materials in sub-Saharan Africa. This study examined factors associated with the use of reusable menstrual management materials among women of reproductive age in Ghana. Findings from this study can inform menstrual health programmes and reproductive health policy to address menstrual hygiene and specific areas of emphasis. Methods We analysed secondary data from the 2017/18 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Descriptive statistics were employed to compute frequencies and percentages, while Chi-square and complex sample Binomial Logistic Regression was conducted to identify factors associated with the use of reusable menstrual materials. Results Half (52%) of the respondents were below 30 years old; mean (± sd) = 30.7(9.0). Thirteen percent used reusable materials to collect menstrual blood during their last period. Women aged 45–49 years (AOR = 5.34; 95% CI 3.47–8.19) were 5 times more likely to manage menstruation with reusable materials compared with those aged 15–19 years (p < 0.05). Women classified in the middle wealth quintile (AOR = 0.66; 95% CI 0.50–0.88) were 34% less likely to use reusable materials to collect menstrual blood compared with women in the poorest wealth quintile (p < 0.05). Also, women who were exposed to television (AOR = 0.78; 95% CI 0.61–0.99) had less odds of using reusable materials compared with women who were not exposed to television (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study showed that the use of reusable menstrual materials was influenced by socio-demographic factors, economic factors and exposure to mass media. Therefore, policies and programmes aimed at promoting menstrual health should focus on less privileged women. The mass media presents an opportunity for communicating menstrual hygiene.
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Tanaka, Hiroko, Mirei Nakano, and Kiyonori Kuriki. "Associations with oral health indices for obesity risk among Japanese men and women: results from the baseline data of a cohort study." BMC Public Health 22, no. 1 (August 22, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13998-w.
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Abstract Background Oral health is composed of various oral health indices (OHIs), such as oral self-care habits, oral hygiene, oral function, and mastication ability. Oral self-care habits have frequently been examined for obesity risk. This study aimed to comprehensively clarify the association between OHIs and obesity risk. Methods We collected data for 15 questions on the four OHIs and measured the body mass index of 3494 men and 2552 women aged 35–79 years. Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. The four OHIs were scored by the corresponding questions (good as “reference”), and the summed score was defined as “comprehensive OHI”, that is, the fifth OHI. Each lowest tertile score was used as “reference”. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p-values for trends were estimated. Results In the men and women, the ORs were 1.37 (1.11–1.67, < 0.01) and 2.48 (1.80–3.42, < 0.01) for oral self-care habits, and 1.78 (1.42–2.24, < 0.01) and 3.06 (2.12–4.43, < 0.01) for tooth brushing frequency, respectively. Moreover, in men, a significant trend was found for “harder rinsing out your mouth”, related to “oral function”. In women, the ORs were 1.74 (1.28–2.36, < 0.01) and 1.43 (1.00–2.06, < 0.01) for “comprehensive OHI” and “longer meal time” related to “mastication ability”, respectively. Conclusions Our findings showed that obesity risk was associated with poor of oral health, which were comprehensively composed of various OHIs, among middle-aged and older Japanese men and women.
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Seidu, Abdul-Aziz. "Are children’s stools in Ghana disposed of safely? Evidence from the 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey." BMC Public Health 21, no. 1 (January 9, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10155-7.
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Abstract Background Safe disposal of children’s faeces has always been one of the main challenges to good hygiene in Ghana. Although it has been proven that children’s faeces are more likely to spread diseases than adults’ faeces, people usually mistake them for harmlessness. This study, therefore, sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with safe disposal of children’s faeces in Ghana. Methods Data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey was used for the analysis. A sample size of 2228 mother-child pairs were used for the study. The outcome variable was disposal of children stools. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors with safe child stool disposal. Results The prevalence of safe child stool disposal in Ghana was 24.5%. Women in the middle [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.62; Confidence Interval (CI) = 3.00–7.10], Coastal Zone [AOR = 4.52; CI = 2.82–7.22], mothers whose children were aged 12–17 [AOR = 1.56; CI = 1.15–2.13] and 18–23 months [AOR = 1.75; CI = 1.29–2.39], and mothers whose household had improved type of toilet facility [AOR = 2.04; CI = 1.53–2.73] had higher odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. However, women from households with access to improved source of drinking water [AOR = 0.62; CI = 0.45–2.7] had lower odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. Conclusion Approximately only about 25 out of 100 women practice safe disposal of their children’s faeces in Ghana. The age of the child, ecological zone, the type of toilet facilities, and the type of drinking water source are associated with the disposal of child faeces. These findings have proven that only improved sanitation (i.e. drinking water and toilet facilities) are not enough for women to safely dispose of their children’s faeces. Therefore, in addition to provision of toilet facilities especially in the northern zone of Ghana, there is also the need to motivate and educate mothers on safe disposal of children’s stools especially those with children below 12 months. More so, mothers without access to improved toilet facility should also be educated on the appropriate ways to bury their children’s stools safely.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Middle-aged women Fiji Health and hygiene"
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Blair, Susan Heather Ruth. "The relationship among self-esteem, health locus of control, and health-promoting behaviours of midlife women." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28765.
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This descriptive correlational study was designed to increase the knowledge needed to understand the relationship among health-related variables that facilitate or sustain health-promoting behaviours of midlife women. Specifically, this study investigated the relationship among self-esteem, health locus of control, and health-promoting behaviours of women in this age group. Pender's (1982) original Health Promotion Model provided the theoretical framework to structure this study. The sample included 84 midlife women volunteers who were current or prospective members of a Vancouver-based social networking group for mature women. Data were collected using the Rosenberg (1965) Self-Esteem Scale, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale -Form A, and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's product-moment correlations, and stepwise multiple regression. Three significant predictors, self-esteem, chance health locus of control, and powerful others health locus of control, explained 24.5% of the variance for engaging in health-promoting behaviours. The study findings supported Pender's Model which postulated that individual perceptions of self-esteem and health locus of control, among other personal factors, influence one's likelihood of engaging in health-promoting behaviours. The findings also supported Pender's contention that selected demographic variables, as modifying variables, have an impact on health-promoting behaviours.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
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Kelly, Jennifer Mary, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Lesbians' experiences of menopause." Deakin University. School of social and International Studies, 2003. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.105816.
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This thesis examines the menopausal experiences of a non-clinical sample of lesbians living in Australia. Research on menopause to date has largely been conducted from a medicalised and heterosexual perspective: thus lesbians experiences remain unknown and invisible. Using a qualitative feminist multiple method research methodology combining content analysis and questionnaire/interview research, two hundred questionnaires were posted upon request to self-identified lesbians living in every Australian state and territory. Follow up in-depth interviews were conducted with twenty lesbians. Responses were grouped into four major themes: body image, sex and sexuality, hormone replacement therapy and health services and homophobia.
The findings show that lesbians at menopause face some different and additional issues from those experienced by heterosexual midlife women. For many of the study participants, commonly discussed concerns at menopause such as weight gain and other physical signs of ageing, decreased fertility, lack of libido, sexual difficulties and hormone replacement therapy were of little relevance and importance. Lesbians in this study frequently raised other issues such as the universal assumption of heterosexuality and homophobia experienced when interacting with health professionals, which led to less than satisfactory health care and reinforced feelings of invisibility.
In the Conclusion I argue that the study participants' views and experiences challenge negative, stereotypical views of both lesbians and menopause. The data thus add a new dimension to the presently narrow, heterosexist and medicalised view of women at midlife and contribute new knowledge to the body of literature on menopause. This thesis is a first important step in recording the experiences of lesbians regarding menopause in Australia. I include recommendations for further research in the area of lesbian health and improved practice, and discuss old and new obstacles lesbians face in a heteropatriarchal society in which lesbians continue to be invisible.
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Sabina, Theresa Elizabeth. "Longitudinal changes in VOb2smax as a function of fitness training and body composition changes in women." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1020156.
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Numerous cross-sectional studies have reported an inverse relationship between VO2,,,ax and age. However, few longitudinal investigations have compared the rate of decline in VO2,,.x between women who did or did not report exercise habits consistent with the 1990 ACSM position stand for quantity and quality of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine if changes in exercise habits and body composition affected age-related changes in VO2.x. Subjects were 91 women (age 40.9 ± 8.8 years at baseline) tested twice between 1973 and 1996 (range of 3.1 - 21.9 years, mean interval of 9.3 ± 4.2 years). The subjects were divided into four physical activity groups based on their reported exercise habits at baseline and follow-up as: non-exercise - exercise (NE-EX; n = 21), NE-NE (n=36), EX-EX (n=19), and EX-NE (n=15). Baseline VOz,,,ax (ml-kg-1-min-1) was significantly higher for the EX vs. NE ( 38.4 ± 8.4 vs.28.8 ± 5.7; f42.2; P<.0001). ANOVA revealed significant differences between the physical activity change groups and mean percent changes in VO2. (% A ml•kg'.min'-yr') (F =10.887; P<.0001) which are listed in the following:NE-NENE-EXEX-EXEX-NE-1.081.58*-1.25-2.21* NE-EX vs. EX-NE; NE-EX vs. EX-EX; and NE-EX vs. NE-NE (P<0.05)There were differences between the following groups: NE-EX vs. EX-NE; NE-EX vs. EX-EX; and NE-EX vs. NE-NE for percent change in VO2max (nl•kg'-min 1•yr 1) with the EX-NE group having the largest decline in VO2max during the follow-up period.Using a multiple regression model after adjusting for the exercise habit groups, the exercise group scheme accounted for 27.3 percent of the variance in percent change in VO2max at step 1 of the analysis (f = 1.09; P < 0.001). Change in percent body fat and change in maximal ventilation accounted for an additional 7.2 percent and 6.5 percent of the variance at steps 2 and 3, respectively. The change in maximal heart rate accounted for an additional 2.5 percent of the variance at step 4, although the statistical significance of the contribution was low (P = 0.057). Increases in body fat and decreases in pulmonary ventilation were found associated with declines in aerobic power while a decline in maximal heart rate between the tests was associated with a decline in percent change in aerobic power.In conclusion, these data demonstrate that: 1) adoption or maintenance of a regular exercise program is associated with less decline in VO2,,. during long-term follow-up compared to women who did not exercisers, and 2) changes in exercise habits, body composition, maximal ventilation, and maximal heart rate accounted for nearly half (43 %) percent of the percent decline per year.School of Physical Education
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Silberman, Melissa. "The effects of age and physical activity on VOb2s max in men and women : a longitudinal study." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/865943.
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While a great deal of research has been directed towards investigating the age-related decline in V02max, the effect of physical activity on the age-related decline in V02max has not been clearly established. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between physical activity and the age-related decline in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in apparently healthy individuals. In order to assess the effects of physical activity on the age-related decline in V02max, physiological data was obtained from 142 former participants (116 men and 26 women) (40 ± 8.0 years), in the Ball State University Adult Physical Fitness Program across an average of 12 ± 4.5 years. The subjects were divided into three physical activity group categories depending on their self-reported physical activity status at the time of the first and follow-up test. Those subjects who were sedentary at the first and last test were designated as SED-SED. Those who reported sedentary at the first test and active at the last test were designated as SEDACT and those who were physically active at the time of both tests were designated as ACT-ACT. The data from the analysis revealed that the rate of decline in V02mx expressed as change per year among adult men varied as a function of their reportedphysical activity habits. Those men designated as SED-SED and ACT-ACT experienced a statistically significant decline (p<0.05) in V02max during the follow-up period, while, those men designated as SED-ACT maintained their V°2max. The rates of the change in V02max (ml-kg- 1•min-1) for the men were -0.45, 0.03 and -0.22 ml•kg-l-min-1•yr1 for the SED-SED, SED-ACT and ACT-ACT groups respectively. The percent decline in V02max were 6%, 11% and 2% respectively. A statistical comparison of the rate of change among physical activity groups indicated a difference between the SED-SED and SED-ACT groups (p<0.05). Within the limitations of this study, these data suggested that there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of change in V02max (ml•kg-1•min-1-yr1) between the SED-SED and ACT-ACT physical activity groups. However, when presented as percent change per decade, the decline for those men who were sedentary at both time points was twice that of those men who reported an active lifestyle at both time points. Although the rates of change were not different for the SED-SED and ACT-ACT physical activity groups, those men with a physically active lifestyle maintained their aerobic power advantage as compared to sedentary men who remained sedentary. Furthermore, sedentary men who took up an active lifestyle had offset the decline in V02max (ml•kg-1•min-1) attributed to physical inactivity.The rates for the change in V02max (ml•kg-1•min-1-yr1) for the women were -0.36, 0.20 and -0.21 (ml•kg-1•min-1-yr1) for the SED-SED, SED-ACT and ACT-ACT groups respectively. While these changes were similar in direction and magnitude to those observed for the men, there were no statistically significant differences among the female groups (p>0.05). Therefore the results from the present study were inconclusive for women possibly due to the low sample size (n=26).School of Physical Education
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Boorsma, JoAnn, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Hot flashes, blood glucose and diabetic postmenopausal women." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, School of Health Sciences, 2008, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/652.
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This ex post facto correlational study seeks to identify if a relationship between blood glucose values and vasomotor instability intensity exists. The population consisted of a convenience sample of seven type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women experiencing vasomotor instability living in Southern Alberta. This study hypothesizes that a significant negative correlation would be identified between these two variables based on research done by Dormire and Reame (2003).
The correlational results suggest that a small to moderate significant positive relationship exists between blood glucose and vasomotor instability: increased vasomotor instability was associated with increased blood glucose values.
Overall, this study suggests a relationship exists between blood glucose and vasomotor instability but causality or direction of this relationship cannot be determined. Further research studies are recommended to clarify and validate this research. In particular, such a study should include type 1 diabetic postmenopausal women, a larger sample size, and sampling a wider geographical area.ix, 109 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Viljoen, Janet Erica. "Strength training and cardiovascular risk post-menses, with particular emphasis on the plasma lipoproteins: a controlled trial." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013578.
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Introduction: Cardiovascular disease affects a greater proportion of females than it does males, and is responsible for an estimated 52 percent of female deaths per annum, globally. Due to the loss of oestrogen associated with the menopause, post-menopausal females are at elevated risk for hypercholesterolaemia which is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. It has not yet been conclusively established whether resistance training can be used to ameliorate hypercholesterolaemia. Aim: This randomized controlled trial investigated what effect 12 weeks of progressive resistance training would have on plasma lipoproteins in a sample of post-menopausal females. Methods: Caucasian women (n=30 intervention and n=18 control) between the ages of 55 and 65 years who were not taking hormone replacement therapy were recruited. Participants did not smoke, were sedentary, were not taking any form of cholesterol-lowering medication, had at least one cholesterol abnormality at baseline but were otherwise healthy and able to participate in a strength training programme. Following extensive medical pre-screening, information dissemination and voluntary consent, the sample was divided into two groups. The exercise sample undertook 12 weeks of resistance training on five days of the week. The control group received no intervention. Measurements were obtained at baseline and every four weeks thereafter and included measures of strength, biochemistry (oestradiol, testosterone, full blood lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin and sex hormone binding globulin), anthropometry, morphology and self-reports (dietary intake, energy expenditure and the profile of mood states questionnaire). Results: There was no change to low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride content or total cholesterol as a result of the intervention. Back, chest and leg strength increased significantly (p<0.01) (increases of 51 percent, 35 percent and 43 percent respectively from baseline); waist circumference dropped (p<0.01) by 5 percent overall and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (-9 percent, p<0.01) in the exercise cohort but no change was noted in the matched control. Dietary intake, energy expenditure and body mass remained unchanged in both samples. Morphology (sum of skinfolds, estimated body fat content and girth measures) did not change and nor did other biochemical measures (HbA1c and sex hormone binding globulin) or hormone levels (oestradiol and testosterone). Despite the lack of overall change, an important finding was noted in individual results where a clear indication of ‘responders’ and ‘non-responders’ emerged. Conclusion: Overall mean results suggest that 12 weeks resistance training undertaken five days of the week was ineffective in reducing hypercholesterolaemia in this sample. Despite there being no identifying characteristics determined in this sample, evidence of responders and non-responders to the intervention indicates that reliance on mean data may not be sufficient when analysing data from exercise interventions. Therefore, while progressive resistance training had a positive effect on strength, waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure, it did not positively influence the plasma lipoproteins in this cohort of post-menopausal women.Maiden name: Kelly, Janet Erica
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Viljoen, Janet Erica. "The effect of progressive resistance training on the blood lipid profile in post-menopausal women." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005191.
Full textAbstract:
The main purpose of this study was to assess the effect of progressive resistance training on the blood lipid profile in post-menopausal women. Thirty-four female subjects aged 50 to 75 years were selected from the population of Grahamstown, South Africa. All participants were previously sedentary and possessed at least one lipid profile abnormality but were otherwise healthy. Pre-tests included a sub-maximal stress Electrocardiogram, measures of stature, mass, central and limb girths as well as an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a total blood lipid profile. Participants took part in a 24-week progressive resistance training programme, consisting of three supervised sessions per week, each lasting 45 minutes and were not permitted to lose more than 10% of initial body mass during the 24-week study. All pre-test measures, excluding the stress ECG and the OGTT, were repeated every four weeks for the duration of the study. Results were that body mass, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio did not change. Girth measures at mid-humerus, chest, waist, hip, mid-quadricep and mid-gastrocnemius all decreased significantly (p=0.05). LDL-cholesterol increased significantly over the course of 24 weeks (3.61mmol.L-1 to 4.07mmol.L-1) as did total cholesterol (5.81mmol.L-1 to 6.24mmol.L-1). Triglyceride concentration remained unchanged and HDL-cholesterol decreased significantly between the pre-test measure (1.55mmol.L-1) and the measure after six months (1.42mmol.L-1). It can be concluded that the blood lipid profile in a sample of post-menopausal women was not positively affected by a progressive resistance training programme over a 24 week period.Maiden name: Kelly, Janet Erica
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Blais, Robin E. "Possible selves and exercise maintenance among middle-aged women." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33780.
Full textAbstract:
Given the high risk of relapse during the first year of exercise involvement, it is
important to determine the processes of self-motivation which enable novice exercisers to
become long-term maintainers. This study was designed to extend previous Stages of
Change (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1983) research by comparing the Possible Selves (Markus
& Nurius, 1986) of individuals at different points within the Maintenance stage of exercise.
Participants consisted of female university employees, spouses, and dependents age 35-59
years who volunteered for the study. Participants completed the Stage of Exercise Scale
(SOES; Cardinal, 1995) and a self-administered form of the Possible Selves Inventory (Cross
& Markus, 1991) which was adapted to address the exercise domain. Women classified by
the SOES as being in the Maintenance stage of exercise V=92) were assigned to one of
three groups based on the duration of their exercise maintenance (6 months-5 years, 6-10
years, and 11-20 years). The three maintenance groups were compared with regard to the
number and category of open-ended and exercise-related possible selves and the self-efficacy
and outcome expectancy associated with three focused selves (most important, exercise-related,
and exercise-specific). The results indicated that the three maintenance groups did
not differ significantly in their possible selves. These findings provide support for the
current conceptualization of the Stages of Change Model (Prochaska & Di Clemente, 1983)
and suggest that differences between novice and expert maintainers may be behavioral,
rather than cognitive, in nature. Several implications for intervention design and suggestions
for future research are discussed.Graduation date: 1998
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Yang, Kyeongra. "Physical activities among Korean midlife immigrant women in the U.S." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1767.
Full text
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Whaley, Diane E. "An investigation of possible selves across stages of exercise involvement with middle-aged women." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/33778.
Full textAbstract:
In order to develop effective interventions designed to encourage more
middle-aged individuals to engage in regular exercise, there is a need to
further understand the mechanisms involved in the decision to exercise.
One appropriate conceptual framework involves future-oriented self-conceptions,
or possible selves (Markus & Nurius, 1986). Possible selves, both
hoped-for and feared, have been shown to vary over the lifespan in content
and number (Cross & Markus, 1991), and to be predictive of future health
behaviors (Hooker & Kaus, 1992,1994). The role of possible selves in the
exercise context can be explored using the Stage of Change Model (Prochaska
& DiClemente, 1983), which identifies participation as a process consisting of
five identifiable stages. The purpose of this study was to examine the number
and content of possible selves generated by individuals across stages of
exercise behavior, in order to determine whether possible selves can
differentiate those stages and be predictive of exercise-related behavior.
Participants were 204 middle-aged women employed at a university in
the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Results indicated that differences in the number
and content of open-ended possible selves across stage of exercise were
relatively few, although differences that did exist held potential for future
interventions. Of particular interest was the significant finding of possible
selves related to body image, which differed by stage for both hoped-for and
feared selves. Responses to focused possible selves directly related to exercise
behavior showed a number of differences between stage of exercise, providing
support for previous literature as well as for the methodology employed in
the present study. Individuals whose self-efficacy and outcome expectancy
associated with a particular possible self related to exercise was high, were
most likely to engage in exercise behavior. Finally, when the strongest
predictor of exercise behavior was combined with exercise self-efficacy, the
variance accounted for by the possible self was negligible. Findings support
the conclusion that possible selves are worthy of future research in the
exercise domain, including the role of possible selves as an antecedent to
exercise self-efficacy. Results are discussed in terms of past research, practical
applications, and future research directions.Graduation date: 1998
Books on the topic "Middle-aged women Fiji Health and hygiene"
1
Kendig, Susan. Midlife and menopause: Celebrating women's health. [Washington, D.C.]: Association of Women's Health, Obstetric & Neonatal Nurses, 1998.
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2
C, Gosch-Weisbrodt Janette, and Wharton Rona B, eds. Women's health over 40. Cincinnati, Ohio: Betterway Books, 2000.
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3
Sneed, Sharon. Prime time: A complete health guide for women 35 to 65. Dallas: Word Pub., 1989.
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4
Spodnik, Jean Perry. The 35-plus good health guide for women: The prime of life program for women over 35. New York: Harper & Row, 1989.
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5
Stenchever, Morton A. Good health & great sex after 40: A woman's guide. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1997.
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Books, Prevention Magazine Health, and Rodale Center for Women's Health., eds. Age erasers for women: Actions you can take right now to look younger and feel great. Emmaus, Pa: Rodale Press, 1994.
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7
Midlife women: Contemporary issues. Boston: Jones and Bartlett, 1995.
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Somers, Suzanne. The sexy years: Discover the hormone connection : the secret to fabulous sex, great health, and vitality for women and men. New York: Crown Publishers, 2004.
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Somers, Suzanne. The sexy years: Discover the natural hormone connection--the secret to fabulous sex, great health, and vitality for women and men. New York: Random House Large Print, 2004.
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Somers, Suzanne. The sexy years: Discover the natural hormone connection : the secret to fabulous sex, great health, and vitality for women and men. New York: Crown Publishers, 2004.
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