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Journal articles on the topic 'Microwave radio'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Microwave radio.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Qu, Ming Zhe. "Research on the Applications and Measurements of the Microwave Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 3176–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.3176.

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Microwave technology is extensively used for point-to-point telecommunications. Microwaves are especially suitable for this use since they are more easily focused into narrower beams than radio waves, allowing frequency reuse; their comparatively higher frequencies allow broad bandwidth and high data transmission rates, and antenna sizes are smaller than at lower frequencies because antenna size is inversely proportional to transmitted frequency. Microwaves are used in spacecraft communication, and much of the world’s data, TV, and telephone communications are transmitted long distances by microwaves between ground stations and communications satellites. Microwaves are also employed in microwave ovens and in radar technology. The prefix “micro-” in “microwave” indicates that microwaves are “small” compared to waves used in typical radio broadcasting, in that they have shorter wavelengths. The boundaries between far infrared light, terahertz radiation, microwaves, and ultra-high-frequency radio waves are fairly arbitrary and are used variously between different fields of study.

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2

Kuzmenko, Irina. "CORONAL JETS AS A CAUSE OF MICROWAVE NEGATIVE BURSTS." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 6, no. 3 (September 22, 2020): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-63202003.

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We have investigated the cause of three “isolated” negative radio bursts recorded one after another at several frequencies in the 1–17 GHz range at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory, Ussuriysk Astrophysical Observatory, and Learmonth Solar Observatory on April 10–11, 2014. The cause of the rarely observed “isolated” negative bursts is the absorption of radio emission from the quiet Sun’s regions or a radio source in the material of a large eruptive filament. Analysis of observations in different spectral ranges using images from the Nobeyama radioheliograph and the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly has shown that the cause of all the three radio emission depressions was the screening of the limb radio source by the material of recurrent coronal jets. Parameters of the absorbing material were estimated using a previously developed model. These estimates confirmed the absorption of solar radio emission in cold material with a temperature of ~104 K at the bottom of the jets.

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3

Чэнмин, Тань, Tan Chengming, Тань Биолинь, Tan Baolin, Йан Йихуа, Yan Yihua, Ван Вэй, et al. "Fine structure events in microwave emission during solar minimum." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 5, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-52201901.

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The solar minimum is a period with a relatively smaller number of sunspots and solar eruptions, and has been less studied before. Since the radio signal rapidly responds to the change of solar plasma and magnetic field, we perform a comprehensive analysis of high resolution spectrum data from SBRS and MUSER: 1) a search for solar radio bursts of different kinds in recent solar minima (2007–2009 and 2016–2018); 2) an analysis of several typical radio burst events, negative and positive drifting bursts, for example the November 22, 2015 and August 29, 2016 events; superfine spectral structure events with mini-flares and even without sunspots, for example the March 28, 2008 and July 04, 2017 events. These results show that there were many radio bursts with a fine structure during solar minima. These events occurred not only in powerful flares, but also in faint flares (class C and B by GOES) or even without flares, but in regions related to weak brightenings or ejecta. We assume that the weak solar radio bursts observed by telescopes with high sensitivity and low interference will help us to understand the basic physical characteristics of small-scale solar eruptions.

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4

Andri, Andri, and Rianto Nugroho. "Perencanaan Jaringan Komunikasi Backbone antara Bangka dan Belitung Menggunakan Radio Microwave SDH." Jurnal Ilmiah Giga 16, no. 1 (July 8, 2019): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47313/jig.v16i1.588.

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Pembangunan jaringan telekomunikasi antara Pulau Bangka – Pulau Belitung menggunakan radio microwave dengan teknologi SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) yang dapat memenuhi kapasitas yang besar dan kehandalan yang cukup tinggi. Pemilihan komunikasi dengan radio microwave pada link ini disebabkan banyaknya kendala pada proses implementasinya, dimana link ini melewati lautan, oleh sebab itu tidak memungkinkan membangun komunikasi kabel laut dalam waktu relatif singkat. Maka sistem komuikasi radio microwave memberikan suatu solusi. Sistem ini merambat dalam garis pandang (line of sight) atau ruang bebas sehingga tidak diperlukan syarat utama yang harus dipenuhi dalam membangun komunikasi radio microwave. Sebelum membangun sistem komunikasi radio microwave maka dibutuhkan perencanaan agar sistem ini memenuhi kebutuhan suatu sistem komunikasi. Perencanaan dilakukan terdiri atas beberapa tahap seperti penentuan lokasi, penentuan rute radio link, konfigurasi radio link dan path analisys. Tahap-tahap tersebut dilaksanakan agar mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal pada suatu perencanaan. Hasil perencanaan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi penentuan penggunaan perangkat yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi dalam pembangunan komunikasi radio microwave dengan rute Pulau Bangka – Pulau Belitung agar mendapatkan hasil yang sesuai dengan standarisasi internasional. Dalam hal ini standar yang digunakan mengacu pada ITU-R.

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5

GAO, YING, and SHIMING GAO. "PREMODULATION-FREE MICROWAVE FREQUENCY UP/DOWN-CONVERSION USING OPTICAL-FIBER-STIMULATED BRILLOUIN SCATTERING." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 18, no. 04 (December 2009): 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863509004956.

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An all-optical premodulation-free microwave frequency up/down-conversion method is presented based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers for bidirection radio-over-fiber systems. Through optical heterodyning between the modulated optical carrier and the Stokes light, the microwave signal of 1.5 GHz is up-converted to 9 and 12 GHz, and the microwave signal of 9 GHz is down-converted to 1.5 GHz. The unexpected microwaves are more than 7 dB suppressed by loading the signal to convert with the optical-carrier-suppressed modulation.

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6

Taylor, D., and P. Hartmann. "Telecommunications by microwave digital radio." IEEE Communications Magazine 24, no. 8 (August 1986): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1986.1093141.

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7

Ramaswamy, H., and J. Tang. "Microwave and Radio Frequency Heating." Food Science and Technology International 14, no. 5 (October 2008): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013208100534.

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This paper brings to perspective issues related to research initiatives for the application of microwave (MW) and radiofrequency (RF) applications in foods. Both MW (300 MHz and 300 GHz) and RF waves (3 kHz — 300 MHz) are part of the electromagnetic spectrum that result in heating of dielectric materials by induced molecular vibration as a result of dipole rotation or ionic polarization. They have been credited with volumetric heat generation resulting in rapid heating of foodstuffs. Due to their lower frequency levels, RF waves have a larger penetration depth than MW and hence could find better application in larger size foods. Besides the popular domestic use of MW ovens, commercialized applications of MW/RF heating include blanching, tempering, pasteurization, sterilization, drying, rapid extraction, enhanced reaction kinetics, selective heating, disinfestations, etc. This paper reviews the current status and research needs for in-packaged sterilization technologies for commercial applications. Technological challenges include process equipment design, microbial destruction and enzyme inactivation kinetics, temperature and process monitoring, and achieving of temperature uniformity. Other issues also relate to the use of packaging material in in-package sterilization applications, package/container concerns in domestic MW ovens, receptor technology for creating dry-oven conditions, modeling and time-temperature process integrators. There is also the issue of non-thermal and enhanced thermal effects of microwave heating on destruction kinetics.

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8

Webber, J. C., and M. W. Pospieszalski. "Microwave instrumentation for radio astronomy." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 50, no. 3 (March 2002): 986–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.989982.

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9

DATTA, ASHIM K., and P. MICHAEL DAVIDSON. "Microwave and Radio Frequency Processing." Journal of Food Science 65 (November 2000): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2000.tb00616.x.

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10

DATTA, ASHIM K., and P. MICHAEL DAVIDSON. "Microwave and Radio Frequency Processing." Journal of Food Safety 65 (November 2000): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4565.2000.tb00616.x.

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11

Rostokin, I. N., E. V. Fedoseeva, E. A. Rostokina, and G. G. Shchukin. "Application of radiophotonics methods and devices in multifrequency microwave remote sensing radiometric systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2388, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2388/1/012087.

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Abstract The article considers the possibility of using methods and devices of radio-photonics in the composition of microwave radiometric systems for remote sensing of the atmosphere in order to significantly improve the basic tactical and technical characteristics of microwave radio-measuring equipment. The analysis of possible options for the use of radio photonics devices as part of multi-frequency microwave radiometric systems is carried out. The results of the structural study of a promising microwave radiometric system for remote sensing of the atmosphere are presented.

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12

Puspita, Nurwendah, and Rianto Nugroho. "Perencanaan Jaringan Komunikasi Antara Patani Dan Sorong Menggunakan Radio Microwave." Jurnal Ilmiah Giga 19, no. 2 (March 25, 2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47313/jig.v19i2.567.

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Pembangunan jaringan telekomunikasi antara pulau Maluku – Papua<br />menggunakan radio microwave dengan teknologi SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy)<br />yang dapat memenuhi kapasitas yang besar dan kehandalan yang cukup tinggi. Pemilihan<br />komunikasi dengan radio microwave pada link ini disebabkan banyaknya kendala pada<br />proses implementasinya, dimana link ini melewati lautan, oleh sebab itu tidak<br />memungkinkan membangun komunikasi kabel laut dalam waktu relatif singkat. Maka<br />sistem komuikasi radio microwave memberikan suatu solusi. Sistem ini merambat dalam<br />garis pandang (line of sight) atau ruang bebas sehingga tidak diperlukan syarat utama yang<br />harus dipenuhi dalam membangun komunikasi radio microwave. Sebelum membangun<br />sistem komunikasi radio microwave maka dibutuhkan perencanaan agar sistem ini<br />memenuhi kebutuhan suatu sistem komunikasi. Perencanaan dilakukan terdiri atas beberapa<br />tahap seperti penentuan lokasi, penentuan rute radio link, konfigurasi radio link dan path<br />analisys. Tahap-tahap tersebut dilaksanakan agar mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal pada<br />suatu perencanaan. Hasil perencanaan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi penentuan<br />penggunaan perangkat yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi dalam pembangunan komunikasi<br />radio microwave dengan rute pulau Maluku – Papua agar mendapatkan hasil yang sesuai<br />dengan standarisasi internasional. Dalam hal ini standar yang digunakan mengacu pada<br />ITU-R

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13

Meitasari, Dwi, and Rianto Nugroho. "Perencanaan Jaringan Komunikasi Antara Manado dan Sofifi menggunakan Radio Microwave." Jurnal Ilmiah Giga 19, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47313/jig.v19i1.562.

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Pembangunan jaringan telekomunikasi antara Sulawesi Utara (Manado) dan Maluku Utara (Sofifi) menggunakan radio microwave dengan teknologi SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarcy) yang dapat memenuhi kapasitas yang besar dan kehandalan yang cukup tinggi. Pemilihan komunikasi dengan radio microwave pada link ini disebabkan banyaknya kendala pada proses implementasinya, dimana link ini melewati lautan. Oleh sebab itu tidak memungkinkan membangun komunikasi kabel bawah laut (Sub Marine) dalam waktu relatif singkat maka sistem komunikasi radio microwave memberikan suatu solusi. Hasil perencanaan dapat digunakan referensi penentuan penggunaan perangkat yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi dalam pembangunan komunikasi radio microwave dengan rute Sulawesi Utara (Manado) – Maluku Utara (Sofifi) agar mendapatkan hasil yang sesuai dengan standarisasi internsional. Dalam hal standar yang digunakan mengacu pada ITU-R.

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14

Mishra, R., U. Chaurasiya, R. Srivastava, N. K. Shukla, and Ashish Kumar Misal. "Low Cost Hand Held Device For Leakage Detection From Microwave Oven." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2273, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2273/1/012012.

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Abstract Microwave heating systems for industrial uses, notably for food and farm goods have been extensively developed. Microwave energy is now being used in many ways, with greater focus on consumption. If utilized for a consumer product as a power source, microwaves are typically employed in a totally shielded enclosure that does not allow access while the microwave source is running. The radio frequency (RF) leakage above 5mW (+ 10 dBm) is dangerous to humans, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline. This manuscript focuses on the low cost hand held device for detection of microwave energy radiation because it is very hazardous for human body. This kind of device will be very helpful for clean and green society.

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15

Jang, Chorom, Jin-Kwan Park, Gi-Ho Yun, Hyang Hee Choi, Hee-Jo Lee, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "Radio-Frequency/Microwave Gas Sensors Using Conducting Polymer." Materials 13, no. 12 (June 25, 2020): 2859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122859.

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In this review, the advances in radio-frequency (RF) /microwave chemical gas sensors using conducting polymers are discussed. First, the introduction of various conducting polymers is described. Only polyaniline (PANi), polypyrrole (PPy) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), which are mainly used for gas sensors in RF/microwave region, are focused in this review. Sensing mechanism of the three conducting polymers are presented. And the RF/microwave characteristics and RF/microwave applications of the three conducting polymers are discussed. Moreover, the gas sensors using conducting polymers in RF/microwave frequencies are described. Finally, the the challenges and the prospects of the next generation of the RF/microwave based chemical sensors for wireless applications are proposed.

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16

Nita, Gelu M., Dale E. Gary, and Louis J. Lanzerotti. "Statistics of solar microwave radio burst spectra with implications for operations of microwave radio systems." Space Weather 2, no. 11 (November 2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004sw000090.

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17

Parameswaran, V., and Mateenkhan M. Pathan. "SOLAR POWER SATELLITE AND MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION FROM SPACE TO EARTH FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 4RACEEE (April 30, 2017): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4raceee.2017.3322.

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A solar power satellite (SPS) is a renewable energy system that converts the sun’s energy into electricity in space and transmits it to Earth using microwaves. One of the most challenging technologies for the SPS is microwave power transmission from the geostationary orbit to the ground. The technologies for microwave power transmission have been studied for more than 40 years since the initial demonstrations in the 1960s; however, for SPS application, considerable research, especially on high-efficiency power conversion between direct current (dc) and radio frequency (RF) and on high-accuracy microwave beam control over a long range, is still needed. This paper introduces the concept of SPS and presents the technologies and issues associated with microwave power transmission from space to ground to generate electrical power.

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18

Barannik, A. A., A. I. Gubin, A. A. Lavrinovich, and Nikolay T. Cherpak. "MICROWAVE RADIO PHYSICS OF UNCONVENTIONAL SUPERCONDUCTORS." Telecommunications and Radio Engineering 78, no. 6 (2019): 511–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/telecomradeng.v78.i6.50.

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19

Serebryannikov, S. V., A. P. Cherkasov, S. S. Serebryannikov, A. V. Dolgov, L. L. Eremtsova, and P. I. Konshin. "Radio-Absorbing Composites for Microwave Devices." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 84, no. 5 (May 2020): 609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1062873820050275.

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20

Noguchi, T., Y. Daido, and J. Nossek. "Modulation techniques for microwave digital radio." IEEE Communications Magazine 24, no. 10 (October 1986): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1986.1092947.

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21

Chamberlain, J., F. Clayton, H. Sari, and P. Vandamme. "Receiver techniques for microwave digital radio." IEEE Communications Magazine 24, no. 11 (November 1986): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1986.1092974.

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22

Shurmer, Harold. "Radio Frequency and Microwave Power Measurement." IEE Review 37, no. 3 (1991): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ir:19910049.

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23

Auchterlonie, L. J. "Radio Frequency and Microwave Power Measurement." Electronics & Communications Engineering Journal 3, no. 4 (1991): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ecej:19910026.

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24

Barnes, Frank S. "Radio-microwave Interactions With Biological Materials." Health Physics 56, no. 5 (May 1989): 759–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-198905000-00025.

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25

WANG, JinQing, XiuTing ZUO, Kesteven MICHAEL, RongBing ZHAO, LinFeng YU, YongBin JIANG, Wei GOU, YongChen JIANG, and Wen GUO. "TM65 m radio telescope microwave holography." SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica 47, no. 9 (June 14, 2017): 099502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sspma2016-00415.

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26

Pan, Yong, Zi Ye Hou, Jiang Xiong, and Kai Hua Liu. "Research on the System of Radio Frequency Identification and Localization Works in Microwave." Applied Mechanics and Materials 441 (December 2013): 993–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.441.993.

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Radio frequency identification and localization is a key technology in the Internet of Things. This paper reports an ARM Cortex-M3 processor based hand-held radio frequency identification and localization terminal and a 8051 processor based active radio frequency tags. The terminal and the tags utilize STM32F103VET6 and the low power consumption STC12LE4052AD as their master controller, respectively. Both of them use Nordic nRF24L01 as their radio frequency identification module. The system works in 2.4GHz ISM microwave band and can read, write and locate radio frequency tags within 20m indoors. The actual measurement of active radio frequency tags shows that this terminal is highly stable and comparable in 2.4GHz microwave frequency radio identification and localization.

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27

Tan, Cheng-Ming, Karl Ludwig Klein, Yi-Hua Yan, Satoshi Masuda, Bao-Lin Tan, Jing Huang, and Guo-Wu Yuan. "Energy and spectral analysis of confined solar flares from radio and X-ray observations." Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 21, no. 11 (December 1, 2021): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/21/11/274.

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Abstract The energy and spectral shape of radio bursts may help us understand the generation mechanism of solar eruptions, including solar flares, coronal mass ejections, eruptive filaments, and various scales of jets. The different kinds of flares may have different characteristics of energy and spectral distribution. In this work, we selected 10 mostly confined flare events during October 2014 to investigate their overall spectral behaviour and the energy emitted in microwaves by using radio observations from microwaves to interplanetary radio waves, and X-ray observations of GOES, RHESSI, and Fermi/GBM. We found that: all the confined flare events were associated with a microwave continuum burst extending to frequencies of 9.4 ∼ 15.4 GHz, and the peak frequencies of all confined flare events are higher than 4.995 GHz and lower than or equal to 17 GHz. The median value is around 9 GHz. The microwave burst energy (or fluence) and the peak frequency are found to provide useful criteria to estimate the power of solar flares. The observations imply that the magnetic field in confined flares tends to be stronger than that in 412 flares studied by Nita et al. (2004). All 10 events studied did not produce detectable hard X-rays with energies above ∼300 keV indicating the lack of efficient acceleration of electrons to high energies in the confined flares.

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28

Gradov, Oleg V., and Margaret A. Gradova. "Microwave Enthrakometric Labs-On-A-Chip and On-Chip Enthrakometric Catalymetry: From Non-Conventional Chemotronics Towards Microwave-Assisted Chemosensors." Chemosensors 7, no. 4 (October 17, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors7040048.

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A unique chemical analytical approach is proposed based on the integration of chemical radiophysics with electrochemistry at the catalytically-active surface. This approach includes integration of: radiofrequency modulation polarography with platinum electrodes, applied as film enthrakometers for microwave measurements; microwave thermal analysis performed on enthrakometers as bolometric sensors; catalytic measurements, including registration of chemical self-oscillations on the surface of a platinum enthrakometer as the chemosensor; measurements on the Pt chemosensor implemented as an electrochemical chip with the enthrakometer walls acting as the chip walls; chemotron measurements and data processing in real time on the surface of the enthrakometric chip; microwave electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements using an enthrakometer both as a substrate and a microwave power meter; microwave acceleration of chemical reactions and microwave catalysis оn the Pt surface; chemical generation of radio- and microwaves, and microwave spin catalysis; and magnetic isotope measurements on the enthrakometric chip. The above approach allows one to perform multiparametric physical and electrochemical sensing on a single active enthrakometric surface, combining the properties of the selective electrochemical sensor and an additive physical detector.

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29

Luo, Xianhan. "Effects of RFI on Solar Microwave Bursts Observed with Hightime Resolution." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 112 (1991): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100004048.

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ABSTRACTSolar microwave burst observations with high time resolution (~ 1 ms) are important but difficult to make. It is shown by the experiments of radiometer at wavelength 21 cm on 1 ms time scale that some ultrafast time structures in microwaves, which includes spike impulses, switch-on and switch-off structures, etc., may not be from solar emission but from RFI (radio-frequency interference) or from radiometer itself. Because of the uncertainty at 21 cm and other several wavelengths, we suggest that joint observations of the solar microwave bursts on 1 ms time scale should be carried out on the peak years of the 22nd solar activity cycle.

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30

Xue, Zhao. "Effect of Microwave Irradiation on the Physical Properties and Structures of Cotton Fabric." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 13, no. 2 (June 2018): 155892501801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501801300201.

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Microwaves are high frequency radio waves which are capable of penetrating many materials and causing heat to be generated in the process. To investigate the effect of microwave irradiation on the physical properties, chemical structure, surface morphological structure and fine structure of cotton fabric, cotton fabric was treated with microwave irradiation under variety of conditions in terms of the power and the time of microwave treatment. The breaking strength, breaking elongation, and whiteness of the treated cotton fabric in wet state were investigated. The structures of the untreated and treated cotton were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the physical properties of the treated cotton fabrics were changed with microwave irradiation time and power. The chemical structure and the surface morphological structure did not significantly change. Crystallinity of the treated cotton was changed.

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31

Kallunki, J. "Solar Microwave Emission Associated with Coronal Mass Ejections (CME)." Latvian Journal of Physics and Technical Sciences 59, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lpts-2022-0002.

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Abstract The connection between Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) and radio burst has been discovered especially at lower frequencies (< 2 GHz). The aim of the study is to investigate possible connection between CMEs and variability of radio brightenings at 37 GHz (8 mm) within the time frame of four days. The millimetre radio observations have been made on RT-14 radio telescope at Metsähovi Radio Observatory of Aalto University, Finland. In addition, 11.2 GHz (2.7 cm) total solar flux information is included in the analysis. The radio observations were made between March 2011 and September 2017, totally including 24 events. The results demonstrate that in most of the cases the radio brightening intensity achieves its maximum before CME occurs. Time of 11.2 GHz intensity appearance matches with time of CME appearance with difference of two to three hours. However, in most cases a maximum of 11.2 GHz intensity appears before CMEs. The study investigates a possibility of predicting CME appearance based on milli- and centimetre radio observations. The study also proposes a scenario connection between CMEs and solar microwave events.

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32

Kuzmenko, Irina. "CORONAL JETS AS A CAUSE OF MICROWAVE NEGATIVE BURSTS." Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika 6, no. 3 (September 22, 2020): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/szf-63202003.

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We have investigated the cause of three “isolated” negative radio bursts recorded one after another at several frequencies in the 1–17 GHz range at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory, Ussuriysk Astrophysical Observatory, and Learmonth Solar Observatory on April 10–11, 2014. The cause of the rarely observed “isolated” negative bursts is the absorption of radio emission from the quiet Sun’s regions or a radio source in the material of a large eruptive filament. Analysis of observations in different spectral ranges using images from the Nobeyama radioheliograph and the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly has shown that the cause of all the three radio emission depressions was the screening of the limb radio source by the material of recurrent coronal jets. Parameters of the absorbing material were estimated using a previously developed model. These estimates confirmed the absorption of solar radio emission in cold material with a temperature of ~104 K at the bottom of the jets.

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33

Richards, Eric A. "Faint Radio Sources and the Cosmic Microwave Background." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 175 (1996): 593–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900081961.

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We have mapped a single field with the VLA to an unprecedented rms sensitivity of 1.5 μJy. Our observations reveal that the excess μJy population (see Windhorst et al (1993), Fomalont et al. (1993)) is continuous down to 1 μJy. In addition, we measure a microwave sky temperature of ΔT/T = (1.4 ± 1.2) x 10–5, consistent with microwave decrements we discovered near the center of our map.

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34

Raw, T. T., T. Yamamura, and C. W. Gillies. "High‐temperature Stark and radio‐frequency–microwave double‐resonance microwave spectrometer." Review of Scientific Instruments 58, no. 6 (June 1987): 979–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139586.

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Vander Vorst, André. "The organization of Microwave Engineering by professional institutions in Europe, in the second half of the 20th century." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, no. 6 (April 27, 2015): 973–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715000598.

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The purpose of this paper is twofold. It first describes how Microwaves were progressively organized by Professional Engineering Institutions in Europe in the years 1960–2000, essentially through individual efforts over many years. The first formal Microwave event organized in Europe was the European Microwave Conference in London, 1969, opening a series that continues as the European Microwave Week. It then shows that, over the same period of time, the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE), USA, which merged in 1963 with the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, USA, to form the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), also became stronger in Europe. European IRE members developed the structure of the IRE in Western Europe, with a first Regional meeting in Geneva, 1962. The paper illustrates the development of both Microwave Engineering and IRE-IEEE in Europe in the period of time considered, thanks to the commitment of European individuals, some of whom have been active on both counts.

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Zhao, Xue. "Effect of Microwave Irradiation on the Physical Properties and Structure of Silk Fibre." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 26, no. 4(130) (August 31, 2018): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.1321.

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Microwaves are high frequency radio waves which are capable of penetrating many materials and causing heat to be generated in the process. To investigate the effect of microwave irradiation on the physical properties as well as the chemical , surface morphological and fine structure of silk fabric, silk fabric was treated with microwave irradiation under a variety of conditions in terms of the power and time of microwave treatment. The breaking strength, elongation at break, and whiteness of the treated silk fabric in a wet state were investigated. The structures of the untreated and treated silk were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the physical properties of the treated silk fabrics were changed with the microwave irradiation time. The chemical and surface morphological structure as well as the decomposition temperature and crystallinity of the treated silk were changed.

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Lee, Hee-Jo, and Jong-Gwan Yook. "Graphene Nanomaterials-Based Radio-Frequency/Microwave Biosensors for Biomaterials Detection." Materials 12, no. 6 (March 21, 2019): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12060952.

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In this paper, the advances in radio-frequency (RF)/microwave biosensors based on graphene nanomaterials including graphene, graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are reviewed. From a few frontier studies, recently developed graphene nanomaterials-based RF/microwave biosensors are examined in-depth and discussed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of the next-generation RF/microwave biosensors for wireless biomedical applications are proposed.

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Capmany, Jose, and Pascual Munoz. "Integrated Microwave Photonics for Radio Access Networks." Journal of Lightwave Technology 32, no. 16 (August 15, 2014): 2849–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2014.2333369.

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Greenstein, L., and M. Shafi. "Outage calculation methods for microwave digital radio." IEEE Communications Magazine 25, no. 2 (February 1987): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1987.1093546.

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Dmitriev, Alexander S., Vadim V. Itskov, ManvelM Petrosyan, Maxim G. Popov, and Anton I. Ryzhov. "Image acquisition using artificial microwave radio lightning." ITM Web of Conferences 30 (2019): 12002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20193012002.

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The experimental analysis of image acquisition in microwave band is carried out in the article. Several radiolight lamps based on ultrawideband chaotic generators are used as multiple lightning sources. Spatial images are obtained with a help of narrow radiation pattern antenna scanning the area of interest. Compact items characterized by different electromagnetic properties were used as observation objects. It is shown that proposed method of image acquisition allows one to detect objects lit by artificial radiolight sources.

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Woolston, Chris. "Microwave oven blamed for radio-telescope signals." Nature 521, no. 7551 (May 2015): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/521129f.

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Marti, Javier, and Jose Capmany. "Microwave photonics and radio-over-fiber research." IEEE Microwave Magazine 10, no. 4 (June 2009): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2009.932282.

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43

Boughn, S. P., and R. B. Partridge. "Radio Source Contributions to the Microwave Sky." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 120, no. 865 (March 2008): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/529585.

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44

Ai-hua, Zhou, and M. Karlický. "Magnetic field estimation in microwave radio sources." Solar Physics 153, no. 1-2 (August 1994): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00712516.

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Siddique, Uzma, Laeeq Ahmad, and Gulistan Raja. "Microwave Attenuation and Prediction of Rain Outage for Wireless Networks in Pakistan's Tropical Region." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2011 (February 23, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/714927.

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The microwave attenuation due to rainfall in tropical regions has not been very widely studied yet. In Pakistan's tropical environment, line-of-sight microwave communication links were set up and have been operated for several years to study the microwave attenuation characteristics due to tropical rainfall. In this paper the experimental results are presented, including the cumulative distributions of microwave attenuation and the relationship between specific attenuation and rainfall rate. In addition, a rain outage prediction model is proposed which not only predicts microwave radio link performance but will also be useful in calculating the link degradations due to interference issues. The main focus of this research work has been done keeping in mind the wireless networks of Pakistan. The results show that the rainfall rate, the microwave propagation characteristics, and outage predictions in Pakistan differ from the International Radio Consultative Committee predictions and ITU recommendation P530.7/8, respectively.

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Jayasanka, Senavirathna Mudalige Don Hiranya, and Takashi Asaeda. "The significance of microwaves in the environment and its effect on plants." Environmental Reviews 22, no. 3 (September 2014): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2013-0061.

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Wireless technologies are becoming popular due to convenient lower implementation costs and operational costs compared with wired technologies. Various wireless internet and communication technologies, such as worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) and long-term evolution (LTE), are expanding rapidly. As with mobile phones, all of these technologies operate using high-frequency electromagnetic waves in the microwave category (3 × 102 – 3 × 106 MHz). An increasing number of operators within a geographical area is resulting in high microwave densities in the environment. At the same time, wireless technologies are now utilizing radio frequency electromagnetic radiation of up to 5500 MHz, and frequency spectrum allocation tables indicate that countries have allocated additional high frequencies for broadcasting purposes. Scientists have widely investigated the effects of microwaves on humans and animals, and some findings confirm that such effects exist. In comparison, a very limited number of published studies have addressed the effects of microwaves on plants. The findings of these studies indicate that the effects of microwaves on plants depend on the plant family and growth stage involved as well as the exposure duration, frequency, and power density, among other factors. However, the number of published studies is not yet sufficient to support drawing strong conclusions regarding the effects of microwaves on whole plant communities. Therefore, further studies are necessary to support present findings and uncover new findings.

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Qijun, Fu, Hu Chumin, Zhao Bing, Jin Shenzhen, Yu Yurovsky, A. Stepanov, A. Magun, and E. Schanda. "Evidence for Reality of Rapid Solar Radio Fluctuation." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 141 (1993): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100029377.

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Since fast fine structures (FFS) superimposed on microwave bursts were found with high time resolution observations, they have been observed in extensive frequency range (Slottje 1978; Fu, et al. 1986; Stähli and Magun 1986; and Stepanov and Yurovsky 1991), and these results make understanding of the emission deepening. But, at the same time, the puzzling problem, these phenomena originate from sun or are only artificial, is often concerned and disputed (Benz and Fürst 1987). As it was pointed out by Benz and Fürst (1987), “the only really reliable way to study solar microwave fluctuation is to use two or more widely separated radio telescopes”.In this paper, some of FFS events superimposed on microwave bursts simultaneously obtained at Beijing Astronomical Observatory (BAO), Crimea Astrophysical Observatory (CAO) and Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern (IAP), are presented at first time. It is a conclusive evidence of rapid radio fluctuation originating from sun and associated with flare appearance.

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Grigoryeva, Irina Yu, Larisa K. Kashapova, Moisey A. Livshits, and Valery N. Borovik. "Microwave observations with the RATAN-600 radio telescope: detection of the thermal emission sources." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4, S257 (September 2008): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921309029263.

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AbstractWe report on two off-limb radio sources of microwave emission which were detected in one-dimensional RATAN-600 solar scans of the post-eruptive loops: on December 2, 2003 (off west limb) and January 25, 2007 (east limb). The microwave spectra showed that the thermal emission was predominant at the early stage of the arcade formation with a small contribution of non-thermal emission. There were no high-energy particles in these events. The microwave spectra of the radio sources associated with the tops of postflare loops show the predominant thermal emission during one hour after the eruption. In case of a small contribution from accelerated particles to the microwave emission, there is a large amount of hot plasma in the region of the loop tops after the eruption.

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Matveev, V. I., and A. I. Potapov. "MICROWAVE FLAW DETECTION." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 287 (May 2022): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2022.05.pp.042-047.

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The article provides a brief overview of methods of dielectric flaw detection using microradiowaves. The main types of inhomogeneities and defects detected by microwave flaw detectors are described. Control schemes with one-way and two-way access to the object of control are considered. Reflection flaw detectors are preferable when they are implemented in practice. The possibility of obtaining radio images of internal defects by scanning converters or using multielement receivers is shown.

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Tan, Chengming, Baolin Tan, Yihua Yan, and Yuying Liu. "Micorwave observations of the Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer at Huairou." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 8, S294 (August 2012): 499–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921313003037.

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AbstractThis work presents an overview of the microwave observations of the Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer at Huairou (SBRS/Huairou) during 1997-2011. The relationships between the microwave bursts and solar flares and the calibration of spectrometers are also studied.

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