Academic literature on the topic 'Microwave-mediated synthesis'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Microwave-mediated synthesis.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Microwave-mediated synthesis"
1
Vázquez-Tato, M. Pilar. "Microwave-Mediated Synthesis of Amides." Synlett 1993, no. 07 (1993): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-1993-22508.
Full text
2
Das, Rina, Dinesh Mehta, and Harsh Bhardawaj. "ChemInform Abstract: Microwave-Mediated Synthesis." ChemInform 44, no. 8 (February 19, 2013): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201308219.
Full text
3
Klug, Trevan, Adam Cronin, Eli O'Brien, Ryan Schioldager, Hunter Johnson, Cameron Gleason, Connor Schmid, et al. "Microwave mediated synthesis of 2-aminooxazoles." Tetrahedron Letters 88 (January 2022): 153555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153555.
Full text
4
Sahu, Abhishek, Pranab Goswami, and Utpal Bora. "Microwave mediated rapid synthesis of chitosan." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 20, no. 1 (August 14, 2008): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-008-3549-4.
Full text
5
Gaytko, O. M., A. E. Baranchikov, and V. K. Ivanov. "MICROWAVE-HYDROTHERMAL HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE-MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF NANOCRYSTALLINE MnO2." Fine Chemical Technologies 13, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2018-13-2-56-63.
Full textAbstract:
The article considers a non-conventional approach to the synthesis of various polymorphic modifications of manganese dioxide. The approach consists in hydrothermal microwave processing of a reaction mixture containing potassium permanganate and hexamethylenetetramine. We emphasize the relevance of the work due to such MnO2 properties as catalytic and photocatalytic activity, its application in accumulators, supercondensers and biochemistry. We report on the first detailed study on the role of temperature, synthesis duration and pH value on the phase composition and morphology of nanocrystalline MnO2. We show that the phase composition of manganese dioxide is largely determined not only by temperature, synthesis duration and pH value, but also by the acid added to the reaction mixture (nitric or sulphuric). In particular, the presence of sulfuric acid apparently results in α-MnO2 stabilization. It is noted that the type of the acid used in the course of the synthesis, as well as other synthesis conditions exercise no significant influence neither on the shape nor on the size of α-, γ- and δ-MnO2 particles. In contrast, the morphology of β-MnO2 turned out to be extremely sensitive to the synthesis conditions. Long (24 h) hydrothermal processing of reaction mixtures at рН 0.5-1 results in the formation of single-phase pyrolusite. The microstructure of the latter is determined by the reaction mixture composition.
6
Link, Stephanie, Yuanzhe Zhang, and Stefan Heuser. "T3P-mediated microwave-assisted synthesis of oxazolopyridines." Results in Chemistry 3 (January 2021): 100168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100168.
Full text
7
Spencer, John, Christine B. Baltus, Hiren Patel, Neil J. Press, Samantha K. Callear, Louise Male, and Simon J. Coles. "Microwave-Mediated Synthesis of an Arylboronate Library." ACS Combinatorial Science 13, no. 1 (November 10, 2010): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/co100011g.
Full text
8
Afrasiabi, Roodabeh, Abhilash Sugunan, Robina Shahid, Muhammet S. Toprak, and Mamoun Muhammed. "Microwave mediated synthesis of semiconductor quantum dots." physica status solidi (c) 9, no. 7 (May 29, 2012): 1551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201100545.
Full text
9
Lambat, Trimurti L., Paavan Kavi Param Gaitry Chopra, and Sami H. Mahmood. "Microwave: A Green Contrivance for the Synthesis of N-Heterocyclic Compounds." Current Organic Chemistry 24, no. 22 (December 18, 2020): 2527–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272824999200622114919.
Full textAbstract:
Microwave Mediated Organic Synthesis (MMOS) is typical on the proficient heat shift carried out by dielectric heating, which in turn, is primarily dependent on the capability of the reagent or solvent to take up microwave energy. The employment of microwave energy has witnessed a fast expansion in the past two decades, with novel and pioneering applications in peptide and organic synthesis, material sciences, polymer chemistry, biochemical processes and nanotechnology. This review summarizes current MW- mediated catalytic reactions in use for the synthesis of a diversity of N-heterocycles by Multi- Component Reactions (MCRs) and a variety of miscellaneous reactions. In addition, the review addresses some aspects of the use of nanoparticles for a diversity of applications in microwave chemistry.
10
Yadav, Ram Naresh, Indrani Banik, Ashok Kumar Srivastava, Katherine Ramos, and Bimal Krishna Banik. "Microwave-Induced Montmorillonite-Mediated Facile Synthesis of Enamines." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22169.
Full textAbstract:
Montmorillonite clay-mediated simple and high yielding protocol for the synthesis of various enamines with secondary amines and ketones is developed under microwave condition. This protocol is very convenient to accesses the enamines from cyclic amines with various carbonyl compounds in high yield under mild reaction conditions with short reaction time.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microwave-mediated synthesis"
1
Ndebvu, Rumbidzayi. "Microwave Mediated synthesis of cyclic compounds." Thesis, Walter Sisulu University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11260/d1007382.
Full textAbstract:
The scope of microwave induced synthesis of various cyclic compounds was investigated and considerably expanded. The advantages of this synthetic method were clearly demonstrated when compared to conventional heating methods of organic synthesis. The exposure of organic compounds to continual Ultraviolet (UV) radiation damages the materials and reduces their chemical and physical properties and in most cases irreversibly and this is not only a concern for industry but for consumers as well. Particularly prevalent are incidences of skin cancer now linked to UV radiation. Research efforts are directed towards finding cheap and efficient UV-absorbers to protect such light sensitive materials. Phenyl salicylates and hydroxybenzophenones constitute families of UV-absorber compounds, and this has necessitated this research. The condensation of differently substituted phenols with salicylic acid, catalyzed by either phosphoric acid (PPA), POCl3/ZnCl2 or ZnCl2 afforded the anticipated phenolic type UV -absorber molecules such as phenyl salicylate, 4-hydroxyphenyl-2-hydroxybenzoate, 2,3-dihydroxyphenyl-2-hydroxyphenylbenzoate, 3-hydroxyphenyl-2-hydroxybenzoate, (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)(2-hydroxyphenyl)methanone, (2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)(2-hydroxyphenyl) methanone and 1,3-dihydroxyxanthone. PPA proved to be a more efficient catalyst for the condensation of salicylic acid with phenol, hydroquinone, pyrogallol and catechol while POCl3/ZnCl2 gave higher yields for resorcinol and phloroglucinol. In all cases, ZnCl2 alone did not show significant yield enhancement. The second part of this research work describes a convenient one-pot synthesis of NMethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) an important industrial solvent by a conventional heating process and by microwave irradiation. The intermediate N-Methyl-hydroxybutyramide formed from the exothermic reaction of =-butyrolactone with aqueous monomethylamine, underwent an intramolecular condensation reaction catalyzed by highly active copper powder to form the anticipated product in very good yields.
2
Lin, Zhifan. "Novel microwave mediated synthesis for photophysical studies." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54191/.
Full textAbstract:
Finally, a series of novel cyanobipyridine-derived zinc(II) bis(thiolate) complexes were prepared excellently by a microwave-assisted cross-coupling/complexation sequence and display luminescence that can be modulated using intrinsic functionality and ancillary ligands.
3
Cai, Chunming. "Microwave mediated synthesis of nitrogen- and/or oxygen-containing compounds." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0013762.
Full text
4
D’Aurizio, Antonio <1978>. "Microwave-Mediated Hetero Diels-Alder reaction: Synthesis of biologically active compounds." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1641/1/D%27Aurizio_Antonio_Tesi.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Heterocyclic compounds represent almost two-thirds of all the known organic compounds: they are widely distributed in nature and play a key role in a huge number of biologically important molecules including some of the most significant for human beings.
A powerful tool for the synthesis of such compounds is the hetero Diels-Alder reaction (HDA), that involve a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between heterodienes and suitable dienophiles.
Among heterodienes to be used in such six-membered heterocyclic construction strategy, 3-trialkylsilyloxy-2-aza-1,3-dienes (Fig 1) has been demonstrated particularly attractive.
In this thesis work, HDA reactions between 2-azadienes and carbonylic and/or olefinic dienophiles, are described.
Moreover, substitution of conventional heating by the corresponding dielectric heating as been explored in the frame of Microwave-Assisted-Organic-Synthesis (MAOS) which constitutes an up-to-grade research field of great interest both from an academic and industrial point of view.
Reaction of the azadiene 1 (Fig 1) will be described using as dienophiles carbonyl compounds as aldehyde and ketones. The six-membered adducts thus obtained (Scheme 1) have been elaborated to biologically active compounds like 1,3-aminols which constitutes the scaffold for a wide range of drugs (Prozac®, Duloxetine, Venlafaxine) with large applications in the treatment of severe diseases of nervous central system (NCS).
Scheme 1
The reaction provides the formation of three new stereogenic centres (C-2; C-5; C-6). The diastereoselective outcome of these reactions has been deeply investigated by the use of various combination of achiral and chiral azadienes and aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes.
The same approach, basically, has been used in the synthesis of piperidin-2-one scaffold substituting the carbonyl dienophile with an electron poor olefin.
Scheme 2
As a matter of fact, this scaffold is present in a very large number of natural substances and, more interesting, is a required scaffold for an huge variety of biologically active compounds.
Activated olefins bearing one or two sulfone groups, were choose as dienophiles both for the intrinsic characteristic flexibility of the “sulfone group” which may be easily removed or elaborated to more complex decorations of the heterocyclic ring, and for the electron poor property of this dienophiles which makes the resulting HDA reaction of the type “normal electron demand”.
Synthesis of natural compounds like racemic (±)-Anabasine (alkaloid of Tobacco’s leaves) and (R)- and (S)-Conhydrine (alkaloid of Conium Maculatum’s seeds and leaves) and its congeners, are described (Fig 2).
5
D’Aurizio, Antonio <1978>. "Microwave-Mediated Hetero Diels-Alder reaction: Synthesis of biologically active compounds." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1641/.
Full textAbstract:
Heterocyclic compounds represent almost two-thirds of all the known organic compounds: they are widely distributed in nature and play a key role in a huge number of biologically important molecules including some of the most significant for human beings.
A powerful tool for the synthesis of such compounds is the hetero Diels-Alder reaction (HDA), that involve a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between heterodienes and suitable dienophiles.
Among heterodienes to be used in such six-membered heterocyclic construction strategy, 3-trialkylsilyloxy-2-aza-1,3-dienes (Fig 1) has been demonstrated particularly attractive.
In this thesis work, HDA reactions between 2-azadienes and carbonylic and/or olefinic dienophiles, are described.
Moreover, substitution of conventional heating by the corresponding dielectric heating as been explored in the frame of Microwave-Assisted-Organic-Synthesis (MAOS) which constitutes an up-to-grade research field of great interest both from an academic and industrial point of view.
Reaction of the azadiene 1 (Fig 1) will be described using as dienophiles carbonyl compounds as aldehyde and ketones. The six-membered adducts thus obtained (Scheme 1) have been elaborated to biologically active compounds like 1,3-aminols which constitutes the scaffold for a wide range of drugs (Prozac®, Duloxetine, Venlafaxine) with large applications in the treatment of severe diseases of nervous central system (NCS).
Scheme 1
The reaction provides the formation of three new stereogenic centres (C-2; C-5; C-6). The diastereoselective outcome of these reactions has been deeply investigated by the use of various combination of achiral and chiral azadienes and aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes.
The same approach, basically, has been used in the synthesis of piperidin-2-one scaffold substituting the carbonyl dienophile with an electron poor olefin.
Scheme 2
As a matter of fact, this scaffold is present in a very large number of natural substances and, more interesting, is a required scaffold for an huge variety of biologically active compounds.
Activated olefins bearing one or two sulfone groups, were choose as dienophiles both for the intrinsic characteristic flexibility of the “sulfone group” which may be easily removed or elaborated to more complex decorations of the heterocyclic ring, and for the electron poor property of this dienophiles which makes the resulting HDA reaction of the type “normal electron demand”.
Synthesis of natural compounds like racemic (±)-Anabasine (alkaloid of Tobacco’s leaves) and (R)- and (S)-Conhydrine (alkaloid of Conium Maculatum’s seeds and leaves) and its congeners, are described (Fig 2).
6
Lubinu, Maria Caterina. "Microwave-mediated synthesis of N-containing heterocycles : from batch to continuous flow processes." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54616/.
Full textAbstract:
Microwave-assisted organic synthesis has received increasing attention in recent years as a valuable alternative to the use of conductive heating for accelerating chemical reactions. Current technology has attempted to overcome the limited dimensions of the standing wave cavity by the use of multimode batch or continuous flow reactors that pump the reagents through the microwave chamber. A new prototype continuous flow microwave reactor using either a 10 mL or 80 mL flow cell has been developed for use with a monomodal instrument. This system possessed a number of advantages over commercially available coils or a microreactor. New efficient methods for the microwave-assisted synthesis of pyrazoles, pyrimidines, Bohlmann-Rahtz pyridines and Hantzsch dihydropyridines were developed using ethynyl carbonyl compounds as common precursors and this batch technology was successfully transferred to continuous flow processing using the prototype microwave reactor. The use of an 80 mL tube flow cell allowed the synthesis of 8 g of product in 1 h processing time, showing its potential for the large scale application of this prototype.
7
Economou, Andreas. "Towards the total synthesis of (±)-steganacin." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/towards-the-total-synthesis-of-steganacin(1a29b2eb-74cb-430d-bf84-c2fa24fcf2ba).html.
Full textAbstract:
(3aR)-14a-Acetoxy-3aß,4,14,14aa-tetrahydro-6,7,8-trimethoxybenzo[3,4]furo[3',4':6,7]cycloocta[1,2-f][1,3]benzodioxol-3(1H)-one (steganacin), 56, has been a popular synthetic target due to its perceived cytotoxic activity. Our proposed strategy for the construction of the key 8-membered ring embedded within steganacin was via an oxidative phenolic coupling of an appropriate (3R,4R)-4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylmethyl)-3-benzyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one analogue which were shown to be readily available from commercially available piperonal in six linear steps involving chain extension, reduction, trichloroacetylation and cyclisation via a copper-catalysed Atom Transfer Radical Cyclisation (ATRC) reaction. In this way, copper-catalysed ATRC reaction of (E)-6-(benzo[d][7’,9’]dioxol-1’-yl)allyl-1,1,1-trichloroacetate afforded (R)-4-{(R)-benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-ylchloromethyl}-3,3-dichlorodihydrofuran-2(3H)-one in good isolated yield as a mixture of diastereosiomers. Regiospecific functionalisation of these trihalides at the benzylic position (via an SN1, solvolysis, pathway), followed by dehalogenatioin and subsequent enolate alkylation afforded the key butyrolactone intermediates whose oxidative cyclisation was the key bond construct in our approach to steganacin. Contrary to our expectations it was observed that these substrates suffer intramolecular Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions, favouring a 3a,4,9,9a-tetrahydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-1(3H)-one (6 member ring) formation, rather than phenolic oxidative coupling reactions that would favour the steganacin-like (3aR,11aR,Z)-3a,4,11,11a-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]cycloocta[1,2-c]furan-1(3H)-one (8 member ring) formation, when the oxidant has any Lewis acid capacity. Taking these observations into account we believe that by judicious choice of synthetic route the ATRC chemistry developed during the current research could be applied to a highly convergent (9 step) route to the synthesis of deoxypodophylotoxin.This work also describes, in detail, the efforts of this worker to establish and optimise a robust route that potentially can lead to the formation of steganacin via the alternative route of an initial microwave-assisted Pd-mediated biaryl coupling of either bromopiperonal or an halogenated derivative of the described γ-butyrolactones with an appropriate boronic acid derived from commercially available 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzalcohol to afford the biaryl scaffold present in steganacin. The completion of this synthesis was unfortunately left unaccomplished due to time constraints.
8
Padgham, Alex. "Novel methodologies for the synthesis of highly substituted aromatic rings : the development of a microwave mediated approach." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/58888.
Full textAbstract:
An interesting transformation involving palladium was recently discovered by the Parsons group, which entailed the cyclisation and fragmentation of furan starting materials to afford highly substituted benzene compounds. The early aim of the project was to investigate the presence of intermediates in the reaction mixture, in an attempt to determine a possible mechanistic pathway. These results laid the foundation for future research; it was subsequently postulated that a similar reaction could be achieved under purely thermal conditions. Investigations led to the discovery that microwave irradiation could successfully initiate the thermal cyclisation of the designed precursors, resulting in moderate to good yields of highly substituted benzene products. Further studies found that, by replacing the terminal alkyne with a nitrile group, a highly substituted pyridine compound could be isolated, and other analogues were investigated, though ultimately unsuccessful. During investigations of the scope of the cyclisation, it was also found that the same conditions could thermally cyclise diyne compounds into furan products: a tricyclic furan was formed from a diyne ether furan precursor, and simple diynes were cyclised into aromatic products and simple bicycles.
9
Dabirmanesh, Qumars. "Microwave mediated syntheses of iron sandwich complexes and their use in the preparation of new macrocycles." Thesis, University of Essex, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294675.
Full text
10
Enquist, Per-Anders. "Novel Metal-Mediated Organic Transformations : Focusing on Microwave Acceleration and the Oxidative Heck Reaction." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7117.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Microwave-mediated synthesis"
1
Soni, Kshipra, Naveen Sharma, R. V. Singh, and Nighat Fahmi. "Microwave-Mediated Nontemplate Synthesis of Some Novel Macrocyclic Ligands for Potential Molecular Metallacages." In Emerging Trends of Research in Chemical Sciences, 43–53. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003129929-3.
Full text
2
Seku, Kondaiah, K. Kishore Kumar, G. Narasimha, and G. Bhagavanth Reddy. "Bio-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles via microwave-assisted technique and their biological applications." In Green Synthesis of Silver Nanomaterials, 149–88. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-824508-8.00019-8.
Full text
3
Taber, Douglass F. "Stereocontrolled Construction of C-O Rings: The Seeberger/Hilvert Synthesis of KDN." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0048.
Full textAbstract:
Simple thought it appears, there has not been a good protocol for opening an epoxide 1 with a stabilized enolate. Ferdinando Pizzo of the Università di Perugia developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1566) a solution to this problem. Masahiro Terada of Tohoku University found (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 1858) that under organocatalysis, the prochiral 4 condensed with aromatic aldehydes with high relative and absolute stereocontrol. Jon T. Njardarson, now at the University of Arizona, showed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 1648) that the geometry of the epoxide 7 dictated the relative configuration of the product dihydrofuran 8. John P. Wolfe of the University of Michigan devised (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 1268) conditions for the diastereocontrolled cyclization of 9 to 10. Robert Britton of Simon Fraser University observed (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 1716) that the microwave-induced closure of 12 proceeded with clean inversion. Christian B. W. Stark of the Universität Leipzig established ( Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 1587) that the Ru-mediated oxidative cyclization of 14 to 15 was also highly diastereocontrolled. Two all-trans diastereomers could emerge from the cascade aldol condensation of 16 with an aldehyde. Takashi Yamazaki of the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology devised (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 268) conditions for the selective preparation of either diastereomer. Xuegong She of Lanzhou University uncovered (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 1788) conditions for the Pt-mediated cyclization of the simple substrate 18 to the tetrahydropyran 19. Michael J. Zacuto of Merck Process established (Organic Lett. 2010, 12, 684) the Ru-catalyzed cyclization of 20 to 21. When an OH was not available, NH insertion was also efficient. Fabien Gagosz of the Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau devised (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 3543) the mechanistically distinct Au-mediated cyclization of 22 to 23. Glenn C. Micalizio of Scripps/Florida used (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 7602) the protocol he had developed to couple 24 and 25 to give a intermediate trisubstituted alkene. Oxidative cleavage of the alkene delivered the ketone, which under acidic conditions cyclized to the spiroketal 26.
4
Taber, Douglass F. "Organic Functional Group Conversion." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Pradeep Kumar of the National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, developed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 744) a new procedure for the conversion of an alcohol 1 to the inverted chloride 3. Michel Couturier of OmegaChem devised (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 3401) a new reagent for the conversion of an alcohol 4 to the inverted fluoride 6. For both reagents, primary alcohols worked as well. Patrick H. Toy of the University of Hong Kong showed (Synlett 2010, 1115) that diethyl-lazodicarboxylate (DEAD) could be used catalytically in the Mitsunobu coupling of 7. Employment of 8 minimized competing acetate formation. In another application of hyper-valent iodine chemistry, Jaume Vilarrasa of the Universitat de Barcelona observed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1863) that the Dess-Martin reagent effected the smooth elimination of a pyridyl selenide 10. Ken-ichi Fujita and Ryohei Yamaguchi of Kyoto University extended (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 1336) the “borrowed hydrogen” approach to effect conversion of an alcohol 12 to the sulfonamide 13. Dan Yang, also of the University of Hong Kong, developed (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 1068, not illustrated) a protocol for the conversion of an allylic alcohol to the allylically rearranged sulfonamide. Shu-Li You of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry used (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 800) an Ir catalyst to effect rearrangement of an allylic sulfinate 14 to the sulfone. Base-mediated conjugation then delivered 15. K. Rama Rao of the Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, devised (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 293) a La catalyst for the conversion of an iodoalkene 16 to the alkenyl sulfide 17. Alkenyl selenides could also be prepared. James M. Cook of the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, described (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 464, not illustrated) a procedure for coupling alkenyl iodides and bromides with N-H heterocycles and phenols. Hansjörg Streicher of the University of Sussex showed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2717) that under free radical conditions, the carboxylic acid derivative 18 could be decarboxylated to the alkenyl iodide 19. Bimal K. Banik of the University of Texas–Pan American found (Synth. Commun. 2010, 40, 1730) that water was an effective solvent for the microwave-mediated addition of a secondary amine 21 to a Michael acceptor 20.
5
Taber, Douglass F. "Functional Group Protection." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0014.
Full textAbstract:
Bekington Myrboh of North-Eastern Hill University reported (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2862) a convenient procedure for the oxidative removal of a 1,3-oxathiolane 1 or a 1,3-dithiolane. Sang-Gyeong Lee and Yong-Jin Yoon of Gyeongsang National University developed (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 484) the pyridazin-3(2H )-one 4 for the microwave-mediated deprotection of an oxime 3. Dario M. Bassani of Université Bordeaux 1 and John S. Snaith of the University of Birmingham devised (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 4648) a procedure for the facile preparation of esters such as 6. Brief photolysis (350 nm) returned the parent carboxylic acid 7. Craig M. Williams of the University of Queensland prepared (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1158) the trithioorthoester 8 by iterative opening of epichlorohydrin. He found that the keto ester 9 could be efficiently released by Hg-mediated hydrolysis. Masatoshi Mihara of the Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute established (Synlett 2010, 253) that even very congested alcohols such as 10 could be acetylated by acetic anhydride containing a trace of FeCl3. Colleen N. Scott, now at Southern Illinois University, developed (J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 253) a convenient procedure for the preparation of the hydridosilane 13, which on Mn catalysis added the alcohol 12 to make the unsymmetrical bisalkoxysilane 14. Sabine Berteina-Raboin of the Université d’Orléans found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2115) that NaBH4 in EtOH cleanly removed the chloroacetates from 15. Both other esters and silyl ethers were stable under these conditions. Ram S. Mohan of Illinois Wesleyan University established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 1056) that Fe(III) tosylate in methanol selectively removed the alkyl silyl ether from 17 without affecting the aryl silyl ether. Alakananda Hajra and Adinath Majee of Visva-Bharati University effected (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 2896) formylation of an amine 19 by heating with commercial 85% formic acid as the solvent in a sealed tube at 80°C. Although both primary and secondary amines could be effi ciently formylated, the primary amines were much more reactive. Doo Ok Jang of Yonsei University found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 683) that the conveniently handled CF3CCO2H (the acid chloride is a gas) could be activated in situ to selectively convert 22 into 24.
6
Taber, Douglass F. "Stereoselective C-O Ring Construction: The Jamison Synthesis of (-)-Gloeosporone." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0047.
Full textAbstract:
Arene diazonium salts are effective precursors for the Heck reaction. Sandro Cacchi of the Università degli Studi “La Sapienza,” Roma, observed (Synlett 2009, 1277) that the diazonium salt generated in situ from 1 coupled with 2 to deliver the butenolide 3. Daniel J. Canney of Temple University established (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 5914) conditions for the homologation of an alkenyl ester such as 4 to the homologated lactone 5. Tsutomu Katsuki of Kyushu University established (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14218) that Ir-mediated C-H insertion converted 6 into 8 with high diastereo- and enantiocontrol. Thomas J. J. Müller of the Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, optimized ( Adv. Synth. Cat. 2009, 351, 2921) the Rh-mediated enantioselective cycloisomerization of 9 to 10. Santosh J. Gharpure of the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, showed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 5466) that the intramolecular cyclopropanation of 11 proceeded with high diasterocontrol. Reduction of the intermediate cyclopropane then delivered the cyclic ether 12. Brian L. Pagenkopf of the University of Western Ontario optimized (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 5614) the diastereoselective Co-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of 13 to 14. Mark C. Bagley and Andrew E. Graham of Cardiff University found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 6823) that microwave heating promoted the selective BaMnO4 oxidation of 1,3-, 1,4-, and 1,5-diols such as 15 to the corresponding lactones. David W. Lupton of Monash University developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14176) the remarkable cyclization of 17 to 19, catalyzed by the carbene precursor 18. Hirokazu Urabe of the Tokyo Institute of Technology showed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 3166) that the unusual Rh-catalyzed cyclization of an alkynyl sulfone 20 proceeded with substantial diastereocontrol, delivering the cyclic ether 21 as the major product. Jeffrey S. Johnson of the University of North Carolina established (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 14202) that Sc(OTf)3 was a particularly efficient catalyst for the opening of 22 with 23 and then reclosure, leading to 24. Steven D. R. Christie and Gareth J. Pritchard of Loughborough University (Chem. Commun. 2009, 7339) and Michael A. Kerr of the University of Western Ontario (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 8414) investigated related condensations.
7
Taber, Douglass F. "The Reisman Synthesis of (+)-Salvileucalin B." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190200794.003.0084.
Full textAbstract:
Salvileucalin B 3 exhibits modest cytotoxicity against A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma) and HT-29 (human colon adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The compelling interest of 3 is its complex, highly functionalized heptacyclic skeleton. Sarah E. Reisman of the California Institute of Technology envisioned (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 774) that the intramolecular cyclization of the diazo ketone 1 could offer an efficient entry to 2 and thus to 3. The key intermediate for the preparation of 1 was the acid 11. It was not possible to achieve communication between the two stereogenic centers of 11, so the decision was taken to establish these independently. This led to a strategy centered on the construction of the 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted aromatic ring. The absolute configuration of the stereogenic center of 8 was set by enantioselective addition of 5 to the commercial aldehyde 4. The absolute configuration of the second center was set using the Myers protocol. Although 10 could not be hydrolyzed without epimerization, cyclization followed by hydrolysis was effective, delivering 11 as a 10:1 mixture of diastereomers. From the algebra of mutual resolution, the major diastereomer, separated at a later stage, was of high enantiomeric purity. The acid 11 was homologated, first by the Arndt-Eistert procedure, then by condensation of the methyl ester so prepared with the anion of acetonitrile. Exposure of the derived diazo nitrile 1 to Cu catalysis under brief microwave irradiation led to smooth cyclization to the hexacyclic ketone 2. Although the skeleton of 2 was readily assembled, it is highly strained. This was made clear on Dibal reduction of the derived enol triflate. The product was clearly not the desired aldehyde 2, but rather 12, the product of Claisen rearrangement. Reasoning that the Claisen rearrangement is thermally reversible, and that the ether 12 would be stable to hydride, they carried forward with Dibal reduction—and were rewarded by the appearance of the desired primary alcohol from the reduction of 2. Pd-mediated cyclocarbonylation delivered 13, which was selectively oxidized to (+)-salvileucalin B 3.
8
Taber, Douglass. "Heterocycle Construction: The Chang Synthesis of Louisianin C." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199764549.003.0069.
Full textAbstract:
It has been known for some time that an acid chloride 1 can be added to an alkyne 2 to give the β-chloro enone. Yasushi Tsuji of Kyoto University found (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 6668) that with an Ir catalyst, the condensation of 1 with 2 could be directed to the furan 3. Huanfeng Jiang of the South China University of Technology described (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 1931) a complementary route to furans, Cu-mediated condensation of a propargyl alcohol 4 with the diester 5 to give 6. Bruce A. Arndtsen of McGill University developed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 1369) an approach to pyrroles such as 9, by condensation of an α,β-unsaturated α-cyano imine 7 with the acid chloride 8. Thomas J. J. Müller of Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf observed (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 2269) the condensation of an acid chloride 11 with a propargyl amine 10, leading to the iodo pyrrole 12. John A. Murphy of the University of Strathclyde uncovered (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 3290) a new entry to the Fischer indole synthesis, by Petasis homologation of a hydrazide 13. Dali Yin of Peking Union Medical College took advantage (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 637) of the easy sequential displacement of the fluorides of 15, leading, after acid-catalyzed cyclization, to the indole 17. Kang Zhao of Tianjin University extended (Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 2417; Organic Lett. 2009, 11, 2643) his studies of oxidation of an enamine 18 to the 2H -azirine, that on heating cyclized to the indole 19. Peter Wipf of the University of Pittsburgh established (Chem. Commun. 2009, 104) a microwave-promoted indole synthesis, illustrated by the intramolecular Diels-Alder cyclization of 20 to 21. A review delineating all nine types of indole syntheses will appear shortly in Angewandte Chemie . Fushun Liang and Qun Liu of Northeast Normal University demonstrated (J. Org. Chem. 2009, 74, 899) that the readily-prepared ketene thioacetal 22 condensed with NH3 to give the pyridine 23. Sundaresan Prabhakar and Ana M. Lobo of the New University of Lisbon observed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 3446) that the addition of the alkoxy propargyl amine to the alkyne 25 gave a Z alkene, that on warming rearranged to the pyridine 26.
9
Taber, Douglass F. "Organic Functional Group Protection." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199965724.003.0015.
Full textAbstract:
We found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 3545) that the superiority of KH over NaH in the Williamson ether synthesis was particularly marked with congested partners such as 1. Geert-Jan Boons of the University of Georgia described (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 4636) the selective removal of each of the several orthogonal protecting groups decorating the disaccharide 3. Yutaka Nishiyama of Kansai University reported (Synlett 2010, 3089) a Re catalyst for the selective acylation of an ether 5, to give the ester 6, from the less substituted side. Duen-Ren Hou of National Central University showed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 6143) that triphenylphosphine hydrobromide was a convenient reagent for debenzylation, converting 7 into 8. Junghyun Chae of Sungshin Women’s University established (Synlett 2010, 1651) that simply microwaving an aromatic methyl ether 9 in an ionic liquid led to smooth demethylation. Allylic selenides such as 11 can serve as masked allylic alcohols. Wei-Ming Xu of Hangzhou Normal University demonstrated (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 4431) that the polystyrene-supported Se resin facilitated the purification of 11. Oxidation followed by sigmatropic rearrangement then installed the axial secondary alcohol. Clemens Richert of the Universität Stuttgart devised (Synlett 2010, 2267) a reagent 13 for the one-step protection of an amine 14 as its azidomethyl carbamate 15. Xueshun Jia of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry showed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 6049) that a substoichiometric quantity of Sm metal was sufficient to mediate the acylation of the congested amine 16. Frederik Rombouts of Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, and Andrés A. Trabanco of Johnson & Johnson, Toledo, found (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 4815) that the triflic acid debenzylation of 18 was also promoted by microwave irradiation. Mark D. Spicer and John A. Murphy of the University of Strathclyde designed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 15462) a stoichiometric Ni reagent that deprotected even the unreactive sulfonamide 20. Steven M. Weinreb of Pennsylvania State University showed (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 3555) that an oxime can be deprotected by Fe-mediated reduction of the pivalate 22. David A. Colby of Purdue University protected (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 5588) the ketone of 24 by forming the adduct with methoxymethylamine, allowing selective addition to the ester, to give 25.
10
Lambert, Tristan H. "C–O Ring Formation." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0044.
Full textAbstract:
The enantioselective bromocyclization of dicarbonyl 1 to form dihydrofuran 3 using thiocarbamate catalyst 2 was developed (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 8597) by Ying-Yeung Yeung at the National University of Singapore. Access to dihydrofuran 5 from the cyclic boronic acid 4 and salicylaldehyde via a morpholine-mediated Petasis borono-Mannich reaction was reported (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 5944) by Xian-Jin Yang at East China University of Science and Technology and Jun Yang at the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry. Chiral phosphoric acid 7 was shown (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 13593) by Jianwei Sun at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology to catalyze the enantioselective acetalization of diol 6 to form tetrahydrofuran 8 with high stereoselectivity. Jan Deska at the University of Cologne reported (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 5998) the conversion of glutarate ether 9 to enantiopure tetrahydrofuranone 10 by way of an enzymatic desymmetrization/oxonium ylide rearrangement sequence. Perali Ramu Sridhar at the University of Hyderabad demonstrated (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 4474) the ring-contraction of spirocyclopropane tetrahydropyran 11 to produce tetrahydrofuran 12. Michael A. Kerr at the University of Western Ontario reported (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 4838) that cyclopropane hemimalonate 13 underwent conversion to vinylbutanolide 14 in the presence of LiCl and Me₃N•HCl under microwave irradiation. Eric M. Ferreira at Colorado State University developed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 17266) the platinum-catalyzed bisheterocyclization of alkyne diol 15 to furnish the bisheterocycle 16. Chiral sulfur ylides such as 17, which can be synthesized easily and cheaply, were shown (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 11951) by Eoghan M. McGarrigle at the University of Bristol and University College Dublin and Varinder K. Aggarwal at the University of Bristol to stereoselectively epoxidize a variety of aldehydes, as exemplified by 18. The amine 20-catalyzed tandem heteroconjugate addition/Michael reaction of quinol 19 and cinnamaldehyde to produce bicycle 21 with very high ee was reported (Chem. Sci. 2013, 4, 2828) by Jeffrey S. Johnson at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Quinol ether 22 underwent facile photorearrangement–cycloaddition to 23 under irradiation, as reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 17978) by John A. Porco, Jr. at Boston University and Corey R. J. Stephenson, now at the University of Michigan.
Conference papers on the topic "Microwave-mediated synthesis"
1
Xavier, Augusto L., Daniel S. Alexandrino, Emerson P. S. Falcão, Rajendra M. Srivastava, and Janaina V. dos Anjos. "A green, microwave-mediated, multicomponent synthesis of pyrimidine and pyrimidinone derivatives." In 14th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-14bmos-r0024-1.
Full text
2
Seijas, Julio, M. Vázquez-Tato, M. Carballido-Reboredo, and José Crecente-Campo. "P2S5 Mediated Synthesis of Benzoxazoles and Benzothiazoles by Microwave Irradiation." In The 9th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-9-01642.
Full text
3
Kurian, Manju, and Minu Joys. "Properties of nanoceria particles: Comparison among thermal and microwave mediated synthesis." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS: STAM 20. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0017550.
Full text
4
Ravichandran, D., T. Wharton, B. Devan, R. Korenstein, R. Tustison, and S. Komarneni. "Microwave mediated synthesis of ZnS spherical nanoparticles for IR optical ceramics." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Randal W. Tustison. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.883557.
Full text
5
Eynde, Jean Jacques, Nancy Hecq, Olga Kataeva, and C. Kappe. "Microwave-mediated Regioselective Synthesis of Novel Pyrimido[1,2-a]pyrimidines under Solvent-free Conditions." In The 4th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-4-01830.
Full text