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Academic literature on the topic 'Microwave digestion'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Microwave digestion"

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Oles, Philip J., and Wanda M. Graham. "Microwave Acid Digestion of Various Food Matrixes for Nutrient Determination by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 74, no. 5 (September 1, 1991): 812–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/74.5.812.

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Abstract Food matrixes were digested by treatment with nitric acidsulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide mixtures and heating with a commercially available microwave apparatus. The digests were analyzed for sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, calcium, zinc, copper, and manganese content by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. A total of 3 digestion programs were adopted for a variety of food matrixes. Microwave digestion times of 30-45 mln were normally sufficient for obtaining clear digests compared to hot plate digestion times of 8-12 h. Precision for microwave digestion of most nutrients was equal to or better than that of hot plate digestion. Microwave digestion gave comparable results for the nutrient elements. National Institute of Standards and Technology reference materials were analyzed for nutrient content after microwave digestion and the results compared favorably with the certified values. A laboratory breakfast cereal control sample with a history of over 20 separate hot plate digestions was prepared using the microwave technique. Results for the 8 elements were within ±7% of the hot plate digestion values. Predlgestlon spikes were recovered from several food matrixes with no effects resulting from Incomplete digestion of samples.
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Smita, Kumari, Saurabh Kumar Singh, and Brajesh Kumar. "Rapid Microwave Digestion Procedures for the Elemental Analysis of Alloy and Slag Samples of Smelted Ocean Bed Polymetallic Nodules." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/151395.

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The use of microwave digester for digestion of alloy and slag samples of smelted ocean bed polymetallic nodules has permitted the complete digestion of samples, thereby replacing the tedious classical methods of digestion of samples. The digestion procedure includes two acid-closed digestions of samples in a microwave oven. Owing to the hazardous nature of perchloric acid, it was not used in developed digestion procedure. Digested sample solutions were analyzed for concentrations of various radicals and the effectiveness of the developed digestion methodology was tested using certified reference materials. It was found that the developed method is giving results comparable with that obtained from conventionally digested samples. In this digestion procedure, time required for digestion of samples was reduced to about 1 hour only from 8-9 hours of conventional digestion.
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Amarasiriwardena, Dula, Antoaneta Krushevska, and Ramon M. Barnes. "Microwave-Assisted Vapor-Phase Nitric Acid Digestion of Small Biological Samples for Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 52, no. 6 (June 1998): 900–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702981944463.

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The applicability of microwave-assisted, vapor-phase nitric acid digestion of small biological samples in closed-vessel microwave systems is examined for the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) determination of 10 elements (Al, As, Ca, Cu, Cd, Fe, Mn, Mo, Pb, and Zn). A 1.8 mL quartz sample container geometry was optimized for the successful decomposition of 50 to 90 mg of powdered biological samples. Microwave energy was efficiently coupled by addition of 250 μL of distilled deionized water to the sample. A single microwave-assisted, vapor-phase acid sample digestion was accomplished within 30 min (including cooling time) at ∼1200 psi pressure and 450 W microwave power in a commercial pressurized microwave decomposition (PMD) system. Multiple microwave-assisted, vapor-phase acid digestions were achieved at moderately high pressure (400 to 480 psi) and 230 °C with a second closed-vessel microwave apparatus. The results for 10 elements in biological standard reference materials agree well with the certified values.
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Légère, Guy, and Eric D. Salin. "Capsule-Based Microwave Digestion." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 4 (April 1995): 14A—22A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953964318.

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Chemat, Smain, Ahcene Lagha, Hamid Ait Amar, and Farid Chemat. "Ultrasound assisted microwave digestion." Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 11, no. 1 (January 2004): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4177(03)00128-7.

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Kroll, J., H. Rawel, and R. Kröck. "Microwave digestion of proteins." Zeitschrift f�r Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A 207, no. 3 (September 1, 1998): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170050319.

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Bohdziewicz, Jolanta, Mariusz Kuglarz, and Klaudiusz Grűbel. "Influence of Microwave Pre-Treatment on the Digestion and Higienisation of Waste Activated Sludge/Wpływ Dezintegracji Mikrofalowej Na Proces Fermentacji Oraz Higienizacji Nadmiernych Osadów Ściekowych." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 21, no. 3 (October 1, 2014): 447–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2014-0033.

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Abstract The article presents the results of determining the most appropriate conditions of microwave sludge pre-treatment (500-1200 W), prior to its anaerobic digestion in a continuous mode. The assessment of the pre-treatment conditions (microwave power, sludge temperature after pre-treatment) was based on: the release of organic (COD, protein) and inorganic (NH4+, PO43-) substances into liquid, the quantity of methane produced, sludge higienisation and the susceptibility of the pre-treated sludge to dewatering. The power of the microwaves applied did not play significant role on the pre-treatment effectiveness. Taking into account the fact that sludge pre-treatment by microwave irradiation requires the delivery of energy, the pre-treatment by microwaves of higher power (1200 W) and resulting in sludge temperature of 70°C was recommended for further experiments. Sludge pre-treatment by means of microwave irradiation as a pre-treatment step influenced the effectiveness of the subsequent anaerobic digestion, conducted in continuous conditions, in a positive way. The largest amount of biogas was obtained for HRT in the range of 15-20 days. As compared to the sludge which did not undergo pre-treatment, daily biogas production and biogas yield increased by 18-41% and 13-35% respectively. The combination of microwave pre-treatment and mesophilic anaerobic digestion ensured the elimination of pathogens (Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli).
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Zhao, Ting, Ming Qiang Zhou, Wei Li Liu, Wei Huang, Jun Zhi He, Hai Tao Chi, and Xia Gao. "Determination of Elements in Carbon Fiber Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.767.

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Based on microwave digestion and dry digestion, the concentrations of Si, S, Ca, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Al, Mo, Sb, Ti, V, Y and Zn in carbon fiber were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Compare with the concentrations in the solution got by microwave digestion, the concentrations in the solution got by dry digestion are higher. And microwave digestion is more suitable for treatment of carbon fiber containing volatile elements than dry digestion.
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Eskicioglu, C., K. J. Kennedy, and R. L. Droste. "Initial examination of microwave pretreatment on primary, secondary and mixed sludges before and after anaerobic digestion." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 3 (February 1, 2008): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.010.

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The effects of microwave pretreatment on disintegration and mesophilic digestion of waste activated sludge (WAS), primary sludge (PS), combined (PS + WAS) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) sludge and anaerobically digested biocake were investigated by both household and bench scale industrial types microwaves at temperatures below and above boiling point. Pretreatment variables, temperature, intensity (cooking rate) and sludge concentration had statistically significant effects on solubilization. The microwave pretreatment also increased the bioavailability of sludge components under batch anaerobic digestion and enhanced the dewaterability of pretreated sludges after digestion. However, the level of improvements in solubilization and biodegradation from different waste sludges were different. While the largest improvement in ultimate biodegradation was observed in WAS, microwave irradiation only affected the rate of biodegradation of pretreated PS samples. Similarly, relatively lower solubilization ratios achieved for combined - SBR sludge was attributed to high sludge age of extended aeration SBR unit. It is possible that initial sludge characteristics may influence final pretreatment outcomes so that general statements of performance cannot always be made.
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Tian, Yu, Ming Li, Aoxing Tang, Jay-Lin Jane, Sushil Dhital, and Boli Guo. "RS Content and eGI Value of Cooked Noodles (I): Effect of Cooking Methods." Foods 9, no. 3 (March 11, 2020): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9030328.

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Noodles are widely consumed in China, which can be cooked in different ways. The effects of different cooking methods (boiling, steaming, microwave heating, stir-frying and frying) on the resistance starch (RS) content and digestive properties (digestion rate, digestibility and estimated glycemic index (eGI) value) of noodles were investigated. The RS content was greatly affected by the cooking time, and it was varied when the noodles were optimally cooked using different cooking methods. The RS contents of the microwaved and stir-fried noodles were relatively high (0.59%–0.99%), but it was lower (0.43%–0.44%) in the boiled and steamed noodles. Microwaved noodles showed the slowest digestion rate and the lowest eGI. Due to the limited water within fried noodles, none RS was found in the fried noodles, whereas stir-fried noodles showed RS5 formation from the XRD and DSC results. Compared with boiled and steamed noodles, the microwaved noodles showed a more compact morphology without porous holes on the surface, whereas fried noodles showed irregular morphology. The results indicated that the digestive properties of noodles made with the same ingredients can be greatly altered by using different cooking methods, and the digestive properties of different cooked noodles are worthy of confirmation using in vivo analysis.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microwave digestion"

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Légère, Jean-Guy Joseph. "Capsule-based microwave digestion." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39940.

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A large tube microwave digestion system with capsule sample introduction has been developed. This is the first automatic pressurized microwave digestion system to use: (1) capsule sample introduction, (2) reagent addition, and (3) controlled venting, during a digestion. The digestion tube has built-in cooling, an infrared temperature sensor, an in-line pressure sensor, automatic venting, and a new type of valve, called the "Flange Valve". The flange valve was designed for loading capsules into the digestion tube and for easy cleaning of all valve and tube parts wetted by the sample.
The digestion tube is made of Teflon PFA$ sp circler,$ which is capable of operating at 200 psi and 200$ sp circ$C. Water, salt solutions, and concentrated nitric acid were used to characterize the system.
A process was developed to make capsules from ultra-clean polyacrylamide gel; it was used to make capsules for the analysis of soils, botanicals, and biological samples. A "Squeegee", a device equipped with a soft, gas-tight Teflon$ sp circler$ end pushed through the digestion tube with a flexible rod, was used to insert capsules into and remove digestate from the digestion tube.
Micro2, an interpretive language, written in-house, uses English-like instruction files to control the digestion. Micro2 uses pressure, temperature and time data to control venting, cooling, and heating during the digestion. Triggers and feedback loops in the instruction file allow Micro2 to adapt to changing conditions in the digestion tube to complete a digestion without loss of analyte.
Analysis of the digested samples revealed that, for the same digestion temperature, dissolution is identical to that performed in a conventional microwave bomb.
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Broomhall, G. A. "The microwave digestion of solids." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8348.

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Bibliography: leaves 115-116.
Microwave ovens have been available for domestic cooking since 1956. This method of heating is very efficient compared to conventional cooking methods. As a result many applications have arisen particularly in the field of analytical chemistry. Most routine analysis of biological and chemical samples by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) involves the time consuming operation of digesting the samples in acid on a hot plate. However, much time saving has been demonstrated by the use of microwave digestion, and successful digestions have been achieved in 10% of the time required for traditional methods. The first digestions using microwave heating were performed in open vessels. However many problems were identified.
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Lamble, Kathryn Judith. "The development of on-line microwave digestion techniques for environmental matrices." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1908.

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As a consequence of our advancing knowledge of the impact of trace elements in environmental and biological systems there is increasing need for quantitative analytical techniques to accurately, sensitively and rapidly determine a wide range of trace elements in environmental samples. Since their emergence in 1975 microwave digestion techniques have revolutionised conventional approaches to sample digestion and have rapidly gained widespread acceptance as an effective method of sample preparation. This thesis describes how a number of novel on-line microwave digestion techniques have been developed, characterised and applied to the digestion of a range of environmental matrices which have proved time consuming or troublesome to digest by conventional techniques. A variety of batch open focused microwave digestion methods have been developed and utilised for the analysis of a range of environmental samples including tea leaves, seaweed and sediment samples. The techniques were optimised to determine a range of trace metals including Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Pb, Ni, Ti, V and Zn and in each case were successfully validated by the analysis of suitable certified reference materials. These techniques demonstrated a number of advantages over conventional methods including less reagent usage, less contamination and substantial time savings. Speciation studies have been a focus for this work and have included the evaluation of an acetic acid microwave extraction method for the extraction of tributyltin, dibutyltin, monobutyltin and triphenyltin from sediment samples prior to analysis by high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS). In addition the speciation of arsenic in biological samples was addressed by the development and evaluation of an on-Une microwave digestion technique. This enabled the speciation of arsenobetaine (AsBet), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and inorganic arsenic following their separation by HPLC. Decomposition was achieved by microwave digestion and followed by pre-reduction with L-cysteine and detection by hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry. Simple modification of the technique also facilitated the determination of total arsenic. In addition the total reducible arsenic species (inorganic arsenic, MMA and DMA) were determined directly by on-line pre-reduction-HG-AAS. The results obtained were in good agreement with the certified values for the reference materials NRCC DORM-1 (dogfish muscle) and TORT-1 (lobster hepatopancreas). The on-line microwave digestion approach was further developed for the determination of the total mercury content of solid environmental samples. This involved the combination of an on-line microwave digestion and a bromide/bromate oxidation reaction to facilitate complete oxidation of the organomercury species in slurried biological samples. Following this approach detection could be performed by cold vapour-atomic fluorescence spectrometry, giving a limit of detection of 13 ng l-1. In addition a batch method in which samples were digested with a mixture of hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid and sulphuric acid was developed and studied using temperature profile measurements. Both methods were successfully validated by analysis of the certified reference materials NRCC DORM-2 and PACS-1 (harbour marine sediment).
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Chan, Ian Ching Yuen. "Anaerobic digestion of dairy manure using the microwave hydrogen peroxide advanced oxidation process." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44854.

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Anaerobic digestion (AD) of dairy manure is an alternative to traditional manure management using land application. There are many benefits of AD but it is currently not an economically viable option in many parts of North America. The focus of this investigation was to determine whether liquid dairy manure treated by microwave hydrogen peroxide advanced oxidation process (MW/H₂O₂-AOP) would increase the anaerobic biodegradability of the substrate, producing higher methane yields. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests were conducted to measure biogas generation and the Modified Gompertz equation was used to determine the kinetics of anaerobic biodegradability. The research found that MW/H₂O₂-AOP was effective in solubilizing nutrients and organics in liquid dairy manure, but it does not necessarily translate into enhanced anaerobic biodegradability. The BMP tests revealed that digestion of untreated dairy manure at 35ºC had the highest methane yields. Severe inhibition was observed for the digestion of acidified dairy manure. This was attributed to sulfide inhibition. In addition, ammonia concentrations were suspected as the main reason for severe inhibition of microwave treated dairy manure with no acid addition, but a number of other factors could also be responsible, including sulfide, light metals and lack of temperature acclimation for inoculum. Pretreatment of sewage sludge and BMP tests were also conducted to compare the effect of MW/H₂O₂-AOP with dairy manure. The results showed that the microwave treatment had a positive impact on anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge, especially for mesophilic digestion. At 35ᵒC, MW alone generated the highest methane yields followed by MW/H₂O₂ and then the control. In terms of methane yield, microwave treatment improved the methane production rate for mesophilic digestion, but not thermophilic digestion. The positive results for BMP tests of microwave treated sewage sludge suggest that the influence of microwave treatment on anaerobic biodegradability is substrate and solid concentration specific. There was no clear and consistent increase or decrease in soluble metal (Ca, K, Mg, Na) concentrations after MW/H₂O₂-AOP. However, it was found that acidified treatment was effective in releasing calcium and magnesium into solution. After digestion, the soluble calcium, potassium, magnesium and sodium content of dairy manure was reduced.
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Zheng, Jian. "Effect of mild microwave pretreatment on characteristics and mesophilic digestion of primary sludge." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27314.

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Wastewater treatment produces a large amount of contaminant-containing sewage sludge, disposal of which is of great concern and is tightly regulated. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge is used in most large-scale wastewater treatment plants prior to sludge end use or ultimate disposal mainly due to its advantages of low energy consumption and potential energy recovery. Thermal pretreatment has been studied and successfully applied to improve the quality of the digestion product. Microwave (MW) irradiation has become of interest with some advantages over conventional thermal pretreatment. The objective of this research is to investigate whether MW pretreatment can enhance the anaerobic digestion of primary sludge (PS). The influence of MW irradiation on the characteristics of pretreated primary sludge was studied in terms of MW intensity, sludge solid concentration, and temperature achieved. The experimental range of sludge of sludge characteristics was sludge solid concentration of 1-4% (w/v) total solids (TS), temperature 35-90°C, and MW intensity of 40 and 80%. MW irradiation was found to increase the concentration of soluble COD (SCOD) in the sludge. The ratio of SCOD/TCOD increased from 2.5% to around 6-7% for 4% TS sludge and MW pretreatment temperature of 90°C. Both sludge solid concentration and MW irradiation temperature were shown to be the most important MW pretreatment parameters in solubulizing primary sludge. MW intensity in the range of temperatures studied had no impact on primary sludge solubilization. Mesophilic biochemical methane potential (BMP) assays were applied to primary sludge pretreated at MW scenarios of 1-4% TS, temperatures 35-90°C, and MW intensity of 40 and 80%. Again, the BMP assay indicated no obvious difference in samples with the same TS concentration and pretreated to similar temperatures but at different MW intensities. Both higher MW pretreatment temperatures and higher TS concentrations significantly improved biogas production rate and reduced required digestion time to achieve 85% of ultimate digestion. For 4% TS primary sludge samples pretreated to 90°C, biogas production rate increased 37% or resulted in a 28% reduction in digestion time to achieve 85% of the ultimate biogas production. There was some indication that MW pretreatment may have caused some very mild inhibition of the whole (soluble and suspended) sludge sample based on the existence of a 2-3 day lag phase for pretreated sludge samples. While MW pretreatment increased the rate of digestion of primary sludge it resulted in no significant increase in the ultimate biogas production and biodegradation of organic matter in terms of VS and TCOD removal. Analysis of biogas production results from the BMP assays indicated that they could be described by a first order reaction. The reaction rate constant increased with increase of TS concentration and MW pretreatment temperature, but was not affected by MW intensity. BMP assay of the soluble fraction of pretreated primary sludge was carried out on 4% TS primary sludge pretreated at MW intensity of 80% and temperatures of 65°C and 90°C. The soluble fraction was shown to exhibit no methanogenic inhibitory effects. In general MW pretreatment at the conditions tested did not result in any significant microbial inhibition and resulted in increased rate of primary sludge digestion without increase of the ultimate degradability of the sludge.
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Shahriari, Zavareh Haleh. "Enhancement of Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste by Microwave Pretreatment." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20282.

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This study evaluates the enhancement of anaerobic digestion (AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) by microwave pretreatment (MW) at high temperatures (115, 145 and 175°C). The highest level of solubilization was achieved at 175ºC, with a supplemental water addition of 30% (SWA30). Pretreatments combining two modalities; MW heating in presence or absence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was also investigated. Biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests were conducted on the whole OFMSW, as well as on the liquid fractions. The whole OFMSW pretreated at 115 and 145 ºC showed little improvement in biogas production over control. When pretreated at 175 ºC, biogas production decreased due to formation of refractory compounds, inhibiting digestion. For the liquid fraction of OFMSW, the effect of pretreatment on the cumulative biogas production (CBP) was more pronounced for supplemental water addition of 20% (SWA20) at 145 ºC. Combining MW and H2O2 modalities did not have a positive impact on OFMSW stabilization and enhanced biogas production. Based on the BMP assay results, the effects of MW pretreatment (145 ºC) on the AD of OFMSW (SWA20) were further evaluated in single and dual stage semi-continuous digesters at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 20, 15, 12 and 9 days. Overall, MW pretreatment did not enhance the AD of the whole waste at the HRTs tested. However, the use of a dual stage reactor digesting non pretreated whole OFMSW had the best performance with the shortest HRT of 9 days. Conversely, for free liquid after pretreatment in two stage reactors at 20 day HRT methane production was tripled. In general, the performance of the dual stage digesters surpassed that of the single stage reactors. Cyclic BMP assays indicated that using an appropriate fraction of recycled effluent leachate can be implemented without negatively effecting methanogenic activity and biogas production. Based on the results obtained in this study, digestion of OFMSW by dual stage reactors without pretreatment appears to provide the best potential for waste stabilization in terms of biogas production and yield, process stability and volumetric loading rates.
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Totland, Marina. "Determination of the platinum group metals in geological materials." Thesis, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390298.

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Chatreewongsin, Urai. "Metal Extraction From Soil Samples By Chelation in a Microwave System." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26982.

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This work involves the combination of chelation and microwave extraction as a technique for extracting adsorbed metals in soil. It has been termed in this work, Chelate Assisted Microwave Extraction (CAME). Unlike other extraction methods, CAME is able to differentiate between anthropological and geological trace metals. The method has been applied to major sample matrices included three types of soils (Bertie Sandy Loam, Davidson Silty Clay, and Davidson Clayey Loam) as well as sea sand, alumina, and iron oxide. In order to investigate the effects of sorptive coatings on metal concentrations, a sample set was first treated with humic acids, which represented organic coated materials. Afterwards, copper (II) solutions were spiked to both untreated and treated matrices and the efficiencies of recoveries were studied. Metal determinations were performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrophotometry (ICP-AES). Initial studies of control (untreated soil) and long-term Cu amended (spiked) Bertie Sandy Loam (BSL) indicated that extraction efficiencies were method dependent. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was a primary chelating agent used for method comparisons. Extracting solutions having a pH range from 7.8 to 10.1 did not affect the EDTA-microwave method, but the increase in pH enhanced Cu removal by the EDTA-shaking extraction method which was a conventional chelation using a mechanical shaker. With the EDTA-microwave method, complete extraction was achieved in a short period of time (20 minutes). Compared to the EDTA-shaking method using two sandy soils, the EDTA-microwave method proved to be more efficient in extracting sorbed metals in soils (5.9 vs. 4.6 µg/g for the control BSL and 37.5 vs. 27.8 µg/g for the amended BSL. FT-IR and C13 NMR were used to characterize extracted and commercially available humic acids. The latter was employed to prepare the humate coated materials. Iron oxide containing materials such as Davidson Silty Clay (DSC), Davidson Clayey Loam (DCL), and iron oxide (Fe2O3), showed extremely high adsorption capabilities for humic acids, while sea sand, Bertie Sandy Loam, and alumina (Al₂O₃) provided lower adsorption capabilities for humic acids. Two sets of uncoated and humate coated materials were used for Cu spiking procedures using 0.001 M Cu (II) at pH 5.3 for 24 hour-equilibration. Three original soils and alumina showed high adsorption capabilities for Cu (II). The presence of coated humate helped increase Cu adsorption capabilities of these soils, but diminished the ability of alumina to react with Cu (II) ions. For HA-uncoated matrices, iron oxide had a higher Cu adsorption capability than sea sand but less than real soils. Humate coating improved Cu adsorption capabilities of not only real soils but iron oxide and sea sand as well. Lastly, the developed method named Chelate Assisted Microwave Extraction (CAME) was further examined and optimized. Several samples were investigated for extraction efficiencies. A two-step extraction, applying 120 W for 5 min followed by 60 W for 10 min, was efficient in removing sorbed metals from different matrices regardless of sorptive oxide and organic components. Concentrations of chelating agents slightly affected percent metal removal; however, there was no significant difference in results obtained using EDTA or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). Recoveries of spiked metals (Cu and Cd) ranged from 96 to 107%. Using the untreated (control) Davidson Silty Clay and Bertie Sandy Loam, the comparison of other chelating solutions were made. Clearly, CAME was promising and proved to be a good alternative to classical shaking method for extracting adsorbed metals from soils.
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Lundholm, Amalia. "Determination of trace and major elements in oil by ICP-AES after microwave digestion." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kemi - BMC, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256370.

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Ara, Efath. "Anaerobic Co-digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste with Municipal Sludge with or without Microwave Pre-treatment." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23069.

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Anaerobic co-digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), with thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) and primary sludge (PS) has the potential to enhance (biodegradation) of solid waste, increase longevity of existing landfills and lead to more sustainable development by improving waste to energy production. This study reports on mesophilic batch anaerobic biological methane potential (BMP) assays carried out with different concentrations and combinations (ratios) of OFMSW, TWAS (microwave (MW) pre-treated and untreated) and PS to assess digester stability and potential improved specific biodegradability and potential increased specific biogas production by digestion of OFMSW with PS and TWAS in various tri-substrate mixtures. Results indicated improvements in specific biogas production with concomitant improvements in COD and volatile solid (VS) removal for co-digestion of OMSW, TWAS and PS vs. controls. In terms of improvements in biogas production and digester stability the OFMSW:TWAS:PS:50:25:25 ratio with or without TWAS MW treatment was deemed best for further continuous digester studies. At a 15d HRT which is the regulatory policy in the province of Ontario for municipal mesophilic anaerobic TWAS:PS treatment, co-digestion of OFMSW:TWAS:PS, and OFMSW:TWASMW:PS resulted in a 1.38 and 1.46 fold relative improvement in biogas production and concomitant waste stabilization when compared to TWAS:PS and TWASMW:PS digestion at the same HRT and volumetric VS loading rate respectively. Treatment of OFMSW with PS and TWAS provides beneficial effects that could be exploited at MWWTP that are being operated at loading rates less than design capacity.
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Books on the topic "Microwave digestion"

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Bacharidis, Nikolaos. Microwave assisted digestion of polyester waste. Manchester: UMIST, 1994.

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Dube, TIffany Lynn. Evaluation of CEM SPECTROPREP automated microwave digestion system. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, 1995.

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Russell, G. M. The rapid acid digestion of activated carbon and resin in a microwave oven. Randburg, South Africa: Council for Mineral Technology, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microwave digestion"

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Lill, Jennie R., and Victor J. Nesatyy. "Microwave-Assisted Protein Staining, Destaining, and In-Gel/In-Solution Digestion of Proteins." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 521–32. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_46.

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Lill, Jennie R., and Victor J. Nesatyy. "Microwave-Assisted Protein Staining, Destaining, and In-Gel/In-Solution Digestion of Proteins." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 75–86. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-8745-0_10.

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Pinheiro, T., H. Duflou, and W. Maenhaut. "Applicability of Microwave Acid Digestion to Sample Preparation of Biological Materials for Analysis by Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE)." In Nuclear Analytical Methods in the Life Sciences, 589–97. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0473-2_64.

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Rong, Li-li, Li-na Zhu, Tie-kai Zhao, Yan Liu, and Yan Zhang. "Determination of Titanium, Chromium, Magnesium, and Aluminum in Chromium-Based Polyethylene Catalysts by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) with Microwave Digestion." In Proceedings of the International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference 2018, 202–12. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2173-3_20.

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Pereira, Juliana S. F., Helmar Wiltsche, and Guenter Knapp. "Microwave-Assisted Ultraviolet Digestion." In Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation for Trace Element Analysis, 205–29. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59420-4.00007-6.

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Müller, Edson I., Márcia F. Mesko, Diogo P. Moraes, Maria das Graças A. Korn, and Érico M. M. Flores. "Wet Digestion Using Microwave Heating." In Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation for Trace Element Analysis, 99–142. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59420-4.00004-0.

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"Microwave-Assisted Digestion of Dietary Supplements." In Laboratory Experiments Using Microwave Heating, 207–12. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b14645-23.

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Jaiswal, AK, and Tabin Millo. "Microwave Digestion System and its Applications." In Handbook of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, 424. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12353_11.

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Matusiewicz, Henryk. "Systems for Microwave-Assisted Wet Digestion." In Microwave-Assisted Sample Preparation for Trace Element Analysis, 77–98. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59420-4.00003-9.

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Ojeda, C. B., and F. S. Rojas. "SAMPLE DISSOLUTION FOR ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS | Microwave Digestion." In Encyclopedia of Analytical Science, 153–63. Elsevier, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-369397-7/00540-9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microwave digestion"

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Zhuang, Wen, and Jianzhong Luo. "The Improvement of Spectrometric Determination of COD by Microwave Digestion with Digestion Vessels." In 2011 5th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2011.5780738.

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Xiao, Tianlei, Xiaochen Mao, and Kun Fu. "A novel power calibration method for microwave digestion system." In 2018 IEEE 4th Information Technology and Mechatronics Engineering Conference (ITOEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itoec.2018.8740768.

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Palanisamy, Kumaran, Hephzibah David, and Gopinathan Muthaiyah. "Food Waste Co-Digestion with Microwave Pre-Treated Sewage Sludge to Enhance Biogas Production Through Anaerobic Digestion." In 2018 International Conference and Utility Exhibition on Green Energy for Sustainable Development (ICUE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/icue-gesd.2018.8635752.

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Dong-mei, Wang, Chen Yu, Gong Zheng-jun, and Liu Ying. "Determination of Lead in Lipstick by Microwave Digestion and FAAS." In 2010 International Conference on Challenges in Environmental Science and Computer Engineering (CESCE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cesce.2010.137.

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Ko, Fu-Hsiang, Li-Tung Hsiao, Cheng-Tung Chou, Mei-Ya Wang, Tien-Ko Wang, Yuh-Chang Sun, Bor-Jen Cheng, Steven Yeng, and Bau-Tong Dai. "Evaluation of impurity migration and microwave digestion methods for lithographic materials." In Microlithography '99, edited by Bhanwar Singh. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.350879.

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Wu, BeiLei, ZhenXin Wang, JiaMei Ye, ZhenXing Lin, Hao Wang, and Chuan Luo. "Determination of multi-element in abstergent by ICP-MS with microwave digestion." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Civil, Architecture and Environmental Engineering (ICCAE2016). CRC Press/Balkema P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands: CRC Press/Balkema, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116259-93.

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Qiu, Zhenzhen, Jingdong Zhang, Chaoyang Liu, Fei Li, and Zixian Wu. "Comparison Of Different Microwave Digestion Methods For Heavy Metals From Stream Sediment." In 2016 International Conference on Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aeecs-16.2016.32.

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Xiao, Tianlei, Shuhui Wang, and Zhichun Xiong. "Power Uncertainty Evaluation of Microwave Digestion System based on Monte-Carlo Method." In 2021 IEEE 5th Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iaeac50856.2021.9391006.

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Qiao, W., W. Wang, R. Xun, Kazuyuki Tohji, Noriyoshi Tsuchiya, and Balachandran Jeyadevan. "Microwave Thermal Hydrolysis Of Sewage Sludge As A Pretreatment Stage For Anaerobic Digestion." In 2007. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2896967.

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Zhang, Ting, Dan Liu, Jiyun Liu, Yuquan Zhou, Shuang Ma, and Jingbo Liu. "Improvement of the Antioxidant Activity of Soybean Peptides by Microwave-Assisted Enzymatic Digestion." In International Conference on Chemical,Material and Food Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/cmfe-15.2015.38.

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Reports on the topic "Microwave digestion"

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Marina, Oana. Microwave digestion and quantification procedure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1669075.

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Marina, Oana, and Zhenghua Li. Optimized Microwave Digestion and Quantification Procedure for Boron Carbide samples. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1811868.

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Whitaker, M. J., and J. W. Clymire. Evaluation of microwave digestion systems for mercury recovery in an oil matrix. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/569056.

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Hewitt, Alan D., and Charles M. Reynolds. Microwave Digestion of Soils and Sediments for Assessing Contamination by Hazardous Waste Metals. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada226367.

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Yaeger, J. S., and L. L. Smith. Waste minimization through high-pressure microwave digestion of soils for gross {alpha}/{beta} analyses. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/105016.

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