Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Microstructures γ-γ''
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Orlacchio, Federico. "Évolution de la microstructure du superalliage à base nickel γ-γ' René 65 au cours de sa mise en forme pour la fabrication de disques de turbine." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPSLM034.
Full textNickel-based superalloys are high-performance metallic materials offering excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures. For this reason, they are widely used in the aerospace industry for the hottest, most highly stressed parts of jet engines. To increase operating temperature and, at the same time, reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, the nickel-based polycrystalline superalloy γ-γ' René 65 has been chosen for the manufacture of certain turbine disks in new-generation turbojet engines. In service and during hot forming, this family of superalloys features two distinct phases: γ, a Ni-rich solid solution, and γ', an intermetallic compound with a stoichiometric Ni3(Al,Ti) composition. During forging, both phases can evolve simultaneously, with comparable kinetics and different possible interaction mechanisms such as Smith-Zener pinning and heteroepitaxial recrystallization, making the study of underlying microstructural evolutions complex and ambitious. The main objective of this work is to study the microstructural evolutions at work during the various hot forging operations for the two phases, γ and γ', using a mainly experimental approach. To achieve this, a themomechanical path with subsolvus heat treatment, followed by hot compression and finalized by solution treatment, was reproduced in the laboratory. In the course of this work, the experimental dissolution kinetics of γ' precipitates and the static recrystallization kinetics of the γ matrix during subsolvus treatment were determined. The effect of thermomechanical parameters such as deformation level, strain rate and temperature on dynamic recrystallization has been studied in detail in the subsolvus domain of the alloy. The evolution of the microstructure during solution treatment, i.e. in the grain growth regime, was analyzed from different initial microstructures. In addition, a mean-field grain growth model in the presence of γ' precipitates was calibrated and validated for the René 65 alloy. This work provides a better understanding of the forging behavior of nickel-based γ-γ' superalloys in the subsolvus domain, i.e. in a context of strong interaction and coupling between the γ matrix and γ' precipitates. In conclusion, the results obtained are also industrially important for future optimization of the hot-forging process for this alloy
Wiezorek, J. M. K. "A TEM study of defect microstructures in the intermetallic titanium aluminides γ-TiAl and α2-Ti-3Al." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309707.
Full textCharpentier, Matthias. "Hétérogénéités héritées de la solidification et formation des microstructures dans l'alliage Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb : Contribution au développement des alliages intermétalliques de base γ-TiAl." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2003_CHARPENTIER_M.pdf.
Full textGhighi, Julien. "Modélisation du fluage des superalliages monocristallins : effets d'anisotropie et de microstructure." Phd thesis, ISAE-ENSMA Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d'Aérotechique - Poitiers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00823045.
Full textLe, Graverend Jean-Briac. "Etude et modélisation des effets d'incursion à très haute température sur le comportement mécanique d'un superalliage monocristallin pour aubes de turbine." Phd thesis, ISAE-ENSMA Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et d'Aérotechique - Poitiers, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00834830.
Full textGiraud, Rémi. "Influence de l'histoire thermique sur les propriétés mécaniques à haute et très haute température du superalliage monocristallin CMSX-4®." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ESMA0005.
Full textThis thesis is dedicated to the study of the isothermal and non-isothermal creep behavior in awide temperature range, and to the analysis of the microstructural evolution during differentthermomechanical paths on the superalloy single crystal, CMSX-4®. Moreover, the validationof a mechanical behavior model validation completes this work. This model takes intoaccount the microstructural evolutions (e.g. phase volume fraction, gamma-matrix channelwidth…) to predict the creep life. Additionally, the effect of the initial microstructure fromthe heat treatment has been investigated. It has been shown a strong impact of the as-receivedmicrostructure on the low temperature isothermal creep properties, and during non-isothermalcreep. A N-type rafted microstructure has been shown to be particularly detrimental to thenon-isothermal creep properties. Finally, the behavior of the CMSX-4® has been comparedwith the previous studies realized in the same conditions on other single crystal superalloysfor blades applications
Holmboe, Michael. "The Bentonite Barrier : Microstructural properties and the influence of γ-radiation." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kärnkemi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34048.
Full textRajendran, Mohan Kumar [Verfasser], Ingo [Gutachter] Steinbach, and Fathollah [Gutachter] Varnik. "γ - γ' microstructure evolution in single crystal (sx) Ni-base superalloys / Mohan Kumar Rajendran ; Gutachter: Ingo Steinbach, Fathollah Varnik ; Fakultät für Maschinenbau." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1163451835/34.
Full textRajendran, Mohan Kumar [Verfasser], Ingo [Gutachter] Steinbach, and Fathollah [Gutachter] Varnik. "γ-γ ' microstructure evolution in single crystal (sx) Ni-base superalloys / Mohan Kumar Rajendran ; Gutachter: Ingo Steinbach, Fathollah Varnik ; Fakultät für Maschinenbau." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-65923.
Full textDuval, Samuel. "Développement d'un photomultiplicateur gazeux cryogénique dédié à un télescope Compton au xénon liquide pour l'imagerie médicale." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00594636.
Full textProuteau, Julien. "Amorçage de fissures de fatigue aux joints de macles dans un superalliage à base de nickel γ/γ'." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESMA0009.
Full textΓ'-phase-hardened superalloys are used in new-generation civil aircraft engines for their microstructural stability at high temperatures, which enhances efficiency. In service, superalloy turbine disks are mainly subjected to fatigue loading at intermediate temperatures, typically 450°C. Fatigue crack initiation in this class of alloy is controlled by many parameters such as loading level, temperature, environment and microstructure. From room temperature to intermediate temperatures, twin boundaries in coarse grains have been identified as responsible for the initiation of numerous fatigue cracks. The aim of this study is to carry out a statistical analysis of fatigue crack initiation sites at room temperature for various loading conditions and the associated damage mechanisms. The material used is AD730™ because this polycrystalline superalloy is representative of the γ / γ' family and its microstructure and mechanical properties are now well documented. As already noted in the literature, the majority of cracks initiate along twin boundaries. The orientation of plastic slip relative to the free surface along the twin boundary has been identified as a indicator of the loading level. Indeed, the slip directions are parallel to the free surface in high-cycle fatigue (HCF), whereas they are significantly inclined with respect to the free surface in low-cycle fatigue (LCF). These results suggest that damage mechanisms along a twin boundary are dependent on loading amplitude. A new crack initiation configuration has been discovered: cracks at junctions of twin boundaries. These were characterized for different test conditions and for two different microstructures. It is likely that this type of crack initiation site has been confused with classic initiation along a twin boundary in the past. Finally, grain size was found to be central to the fatigue initiation process, with crack initiation kinetics much higher in coarser grains
Butson, A. M. "Effect of cooling rate on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the γ-titanium aluminide TNB." Thesis, Swansea University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636190.
Full textDegeiter, Matthieu. "Étude numérique de la dynamique des défauts d’alignement des précipités γ’ dans les superalliages monocristallins à base de nickel." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0038/document.
Full textIn multiphase alloys, internal elastic fields often arise as a result of a coherently adjusted misfit between the lattices of coexisting phases. Given their long-range and usually anisotropic nature, the interaction of these fields is known to significantly alter the kinetics of diffusion-controlled phase transformations, as well as influence the shapes and spatial arrangement of the misfitting precipitates. In the microstructure of single-crystal nickel-base superalloys, obtained by precipitation of the L12-ordered γ’ phase in the FCC γ matrix, elasticity leads to the formation of nearly periodic alignments of the cuboidal γ’ precipitates. However, the γ/γ’ microstructure systematically displays defects in the precipitate alignment: branches, macro-dislocations and chevron patterns. We first address the question of the origin of these alignment defects. Stability analyses of the periodic arrangement of elastically interacting precipitates are carried out. Contrary to the expected stability, the semi-analytical calculations revealed the periodic distribution of cubic γ‘ precipitates to be unstable against specific perturbation modes. The main instabilities are the [100] longitudinal mode and the [110] transverse mode, and their instability range is analyzed with respect to the elastic anisotropy. The consequences of these unstable modes are investigated using a classic phase field method, by modeling the evolution of periodic microstructures undergoing small initial perturbations. We show the expression of the instabilities mainly proceeds by the evolution of the precipitate shapes, and leads to the formation of patterns which were related to experimental microstructures. Specifically, the [110] transverse instability is responsible for the formation of chevron patterns. The effects of the volume fraction and of an inhomogeneity on the C’ shear modulus on the stability of the arrangement are studied, and we show the role they play in the partial stabilization of the periodic distribution, though the [100] longitudinal mode always remains unstable. In phase field calculations carried out in previous studies, the dynamics of alignment defects are analyzed by means of topological parameters derived from pattern formation theory. During annealing, branches and macro-dislocations were observed to migrate in the microstructure according to climbing and gliding mechanisms. We then use a new formulation of phase field models, intrinsically discrete, in which the interfaces are resolved with essentially one grid point with no pinning on the grid and an accurate rotational invariance. This approach, known as the Sharp Phase Field Method (S-PFM), is implemented on a FCC grid and accounts for the four translational variants of the γ’ precipitates. We show that the S-PFM allows for the modeling of large-scale microstructures, with several thousand precipitates both in two and three dimensions, and provides access to statistical information on the microstructure evolution and on the the dynamics of alignment defects. We finally discuss the perspective of modeling the evolution of the γ/γ’ microstructure at the macroscale by means of a description of the defect dynamics in the precipitate alignments
Degeiter, Matthieu. "Étude numérique de la dynamique des défauts d’alignement des précipités γ’ dans les superalliages monocristallins à base de nickel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0038.
Full textIn multiphase alloys, internal elastic fields often arise as a result of a coherently adjusted misfit between the lattices of coexisting phases. Given their long-range and usually anisotropic nature, the interaction of these fields is known to significantly alter the kinetics of diffusion-controlled phase transformations, as well as influence the shapes and spatial arrangement of the misfitting precipitates. In the microstructure of single-crystal nickel-base superalloys, obtained by precipitation of the L12-ordered γ’ phase in the FCC γ matrix, elasticity leads to the formation of nearly periodic alignments of the cuboidal γ’ precipitates. However, the γ/γ’ microstructure systematically displays defects in the precipitate alignment: branches, macro-dislocations and chevron patterns. We first address the question of the origin of these alignment defects. Stability analyses of the periodic arrangement of elastically interacting precipitates are carried out. Contrary to the expected stability, the semi-analytical calculations revealed the periodic distribution of cubic γ‘ precipitates to be unstable against specific perturbation modes. The main instabilities are the [100] longitudinal mode and the [110] transverse mode, and their instability range is analyzed with respect to the elastic anisotropy. The consequences of these unstable modes are investigated using a classic phase field method, by modeling the evolution of periodic microstructures undergoing small initial perturbations. We show the expression of the instabilities mainly proceeds by the evolution of the precipitate shapes, and leads to the formation of patterns which were related to experimental microstructures. Specifically, the [110] transverse instability is responsible for the formation of chevron patterns. The effects of the volume fraction and of an inhomogeneity on the C’ shear modulus on the stability of the arrangement are studied, and we show the role they play in the partial stabilization of the periodic distribution, though the [100] longitudinal mode always remains unstable. In phase field calculations carried out in previous studies, the dynamics of alignment defects are analyzed by means of topological parameters derived from pattern formation theory. During annealing, branches and macro-dislocations were observed to migrate in the microstructure according to climbing and gliding mechanisms. We then use a new formulation of phase field models, intrinsically discrete, in which the interfaces are resolved with essentially one grid point with no pinning on the grid and an accurate rotational invariance. This approach, known as the Sharp Phase Field Method (S-PFM), is implemented on a FCC grid and accounts for the four translational variants of the γ’ precipitates. We show that the S-PFM allows for the modeling of large-scale microstructures, with several thousand precipitates both in two and three dimensions, and provides access to statistical information on the microstructure evolution and on the the dynamics of alignment defects. We finally discuss the perspective of modeling the evolution of the γ/γ’ microstructure at the macroscale by means of a description of the defect dynamics in the precipitate alignments
Dupont-Hosotte, Marie-Laure. "Influence des traitements thermiques et/ou thermomécaniques sur la microstructure et la texture d'un aluminiure de titane biphasé base γ TiAl." Paris 11, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA112336.
Full textTERNER, MATHIEU. "Innovative materials for high temperature structural applications: 3rd Generation γ-TiAl fabricated by Electron Beam Melting." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2527509.
Full textLaurence, Aude. "Impact du sur-vieillissement métallurgique sur le comportement et la durabilité du nouveau superalliage pour disque de turbine René 65." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESMA0006/document.
Full textThis study focused on the impact of thermo-mechanical aging on the microstructure and on the mechanical properties of the new nickel-based superalloy René 65 for turbine disk applications.Thermal aging causes three main microstructural evolutions, namely the intragranular y'-growth, the nucleation of TCP particles at grain boundaries along with a segregation of molybdenurn. An innovative method based on appropriated thermal treatments enabled to dissociate these microstructural evolutions' impacts on the René 65 creep and dwell-fatigue properties at 700°C.The y'-growth is mainly responsible of the overall mechanical proprerties degradation. However, it turns out TCP particles and the molybdenum segregation at grain boundaries also affect negatively the alloy viscoplastic behavior and its durability, contributing to an additional decrease in its mechanical properties. This phenomenon is attributed to the softening of the matrix locally at grain boundaries by solid solution elements depletion in favor of TCP precipitation
Goel, Sneha. "Post-treatment of Alloy 718 produced by electron beam melting." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avdelningen för avverkande och additativa tillverkningsprocesser (AAT), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-13547.
Full textArticles submitted to journals and unpublished manuscripts are not included in this registration
Mrozowski, Nicolas. "Mécanismes de propagation de fissure dans un superalliage base nickel polycristallin en régime d’interaction fatigue-fluage-oxydation-vieillissement métallurgique Aging of γ′ precipitates at 750°C in the nickel-based superalloy AD730TM: a thermally or thermo-mechanically controlled process?" Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0010.
Full textThe 750°C crack propagation behavior in the polycristalline nickel-base superalloy AD730TM is studied. This study falls within the overall objectives of optimizing the “microstructure – mechanical properties” relations in nickel-base superalloys used for example in turbine disks. The deceleration of the crack propagation with the increase in ΔK value is specifically at the core of the PhD thesis work. Via a crack propagation test campaign, this phenomenon is systematically identified when dwell-fatigue loading are performed. The influence of the thermomechanical history of the material in investigated by varying several experimental parameters such as the initial microstructural state (γ’ precipitates), the initial value of ΔK, the environment or the dwell durations. The origin of the deceleration phenomenon is therefore shown to be linked with combined and protective effects of stress relaxation, oxide growth and metallurgical aging at the crack tip. To improve the understanding of the crack propagation results, complementary analysis of the 750°C γ’ precipitates aging is performed. One of the main outcomes is that aging kinetics (γ’ growth, carbide precipitation) are enhanced thanks to a cyclic loading. Besides, the more the microstructure is aged, the higher the stress relaxation rate at 750°C
Bibhanshu, Nitish. "Thermo-Mechanical Processing of Third Generation γ – Titanium Aluminides." Thesis, 2019. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4641.
Full textWang, Kuo-Hsiung, and 王國雄. "Effect of various γ-ray dose on the microstructure and properties of poly(lactic acid)." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91937315858074503007.
Full text國立中興大學
材料科學與工程學系
96
Polylactic acid (PLA), a well-known biodegradable and biocompatible polymer, contain excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Among these biodegradable polymers, PLA provides a possible candidate to replace the traditional plastics in the applications of packaging materials, bio-materials and fibers. Different procedures can be utilized for the sterilization of the food and medical instruments. Gamma irradiation used for sterilization has performed excellent penertration characteristics of ionizing radiation and high efficient sterilization. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of dose for gamma radiation on the microstructure and properties of PLA. The glass transition, melting temperatures and molecular weight decreased with increasing irradiation dose. The mechanical property and thermal stability for PLA thermally treated before irradiation are higher than those treated after irradiation or without annealing treatment. The in situ X-ray diffraction studies have shown that the treatment of gamma irradiation decreases the recrystallization temperature.
Babu, R. Prasath. "Microstructural Stability of Fully Lamellar and Duplex y-TiAl Alloys During Creep." Thesis, 2012. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/3234.
Full textBabu, R. Prasath. "Microstructural Stability of Fully Lamellar and Duplex y-TiAl Alloys During Creep." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/3234.
Full text