Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microstructures

Academic literature on the topic 'Microstructures'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 22 June 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Microstructures"

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Fan, Fang-Yu, Hsin-Hua Chou, Wei-Chun Lin, Chiung-Fang Huang, Yi Lin, Yung-Kang Shen, and Muhammad Ruslin. "Optimized Micro-Pattern Design and Fabrication of a Light Guide Plate Using Micro-Injection Molding." Polymers 13, no. 23 (December 3, 2021): 4244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234244.

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This study examined the uniformity of illuminance field distributions of light guide plates (LGPs). First, the authors designed microstructural patterns on the surface of an LGP. Then, a mold of the LGP with the optimal microstructural design was fabricated by a photolithography method. Micro-injection molding (μIM) was used to manufacture the molded LGPs. μIM technology can simultaneously manufacture large-sized wedge-shaped LGPs and micro-scale microstructures. Finally, illuminance values of the field distributions of the LGPs with various microstructures were obtained through optical field measurements. This study compared the illuminance field distributions of LGPs with various designs and structures, which included LGPs without and those with microstructure on the primary design and the optimal design. The average illuminance of the LGP with microstructures and the optimal design was roughly 196.1 cd/m2. Its average illuminance was 1.3 times that of the LGP without microstructures. This study also discusses illuminance field distributions of LGPs with microstructures that were influenced by various μIM process parameters. The mold temperature was found to be the most important processing parameter affecting the illuminance field distribution of molded LGPs fabricated by μIM. The molded LGP with microstructures and the optimal design had better uniformity than that with microstructures and the primary design and that without microstructures. The uniformity of the LGP with microstructures and the optimal design was roughly 86.4%. Its uniformity was nearly 1.65 times that of the LGP without microstructures. The optimized design and fabrication of LGPs with microstructure exhibited good uniformity of illuminance field distributions.
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Basanta, David, Mark A. Miodownik, Elizabeth A. Holm, and Peter J. Bentley. "Evolving 3D Microstructures Using a Genetic Algorithm." Materials Science Forum 467-470 (October 2004): 1019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.467-470.1019.

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We describe a general approach to obtaining 3D microstructures as input to computer simulations of materials properties. We introduce a program called MicroConstructor, that takes 2D micrographs and generates 3D discrete computer microstructures which are statistically equivalent in terms of the microstructural variables of interest. The basis of the code is a genetic algorithm that evolves the 3D microstructure so that its stereological parameters match the 2D data. Since this approach is not limited by scale it can be used to generate 3D initial multiscale microstructures. This algorithm will enable microstructural modellers to use as their starting point, experimentally based microstructures without having to acquire 3D information experimentally, a very time consuming and expensive process.
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Rodgers, Theron M., Hojun Lim, and Judith A. Brown. "Three-Dimensional Additively Manufactured Microstructures and Their Mechanical Properties." JOM 72, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-019-03808-x.

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Abstract Metal additive manufacturing (AM) allows for the freeform creation of complex parts. However, AM microstructures are highly sensitive to the process parameters used. Resulting microstructures vary significantly from typical metal alloys in grain morphology distributions, defect populations and crystallographic texture. AM microstructures are often anisotropic and possess three-dimensional features. These microstructural features determine the mechanical properties of AM parts. Here, we reproduce three “canonical” AM microstructures from the literature and investigate their mechanical responses. Stochastic volume elements are generated with a kinetic Monte Carlo process simulation. A crystal plasticity-finite element model is then used to simulate plastic deformation of the AM microstructures and a reference equiaxed microstructure. Results demonstrate that AM microstructures possess significant variability in strength and plastic anisotropy compared with conventional equiaxed microstructures.
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Hua, Tian, Ziyin Xiang, Xiangling Xia, Zhangling Li, Dandan Sun, Yuanzhao Wu, Yiwei Liu, Jie Shang, Jun Chen, and Runwei Li. "A Sensitivity-Optimized Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensor with Cylindrical Ladder Microstructural Dielectric Layers." Sensors 23, no. 9 (April 27, 2023): 4323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23094323.

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Flexible capacitive pressure sensors have attracted extensive attention due to their dynamic response and good sensing capability for static and small pressures. Using microstructural dielectric layers is an effective method for improving performance. However, the current state of microstructure design is primarily focused on basic shapes and is largely limited by simulation results; there is still a great deal of potential for further innovation and improvement. This paper innovatively proposes to increase the ladder structure based on the basic microstructures, for example, the long micro-ridge ladder, the cuboid ladder, and cylindrical ladder microstructures. By comparing 9 kinds of microstructures including ladder structure through finite element simulation, it is found that the sensor with a cylindrical ladder microstructure dielectric layer has the highest sensitivity. The dielectric layers with various microstructures are obtained by 3D printed molds, and the sensor with cylindrical ladder microstructure dielectric layer has the sensitivity of 0.12 kPa−1, which is about 3.9 times higher than that without microstructure. The flexible pressure sensor developed by us boasts sensitivity-optimized and operational stability, making it an ideal solution for monitoring rainfall frequency in real time.
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Suzuki, Asuka, Yusuke Sasa, Makoto Kobashi, Masaki Kato, Masahito Segawa, Yusuke Shimono, and Sukeharu Nomoto. "Persistent Homology Analysis of the Microstructure of Laser-Powder-Bed-Fused Al–12Si Alloy." Materials 16, no. 22 (November 18, 2023): 7228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16227228.

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The laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) process provides the cellular microstructure (primary α phase surrounded by a eutectic Si network) inside hypo-eutectic Al–Si alloys. The microstructure changes to the particle-dispersed microstructure with heat treatments at around 500 °C. The microstructural change leads to a significant reduction in the tensile strength. However, the microstructural descriptors representing the cellular and particle-dispersed microstructures have not been established, resulting in difficulty in terms of discussion regarding the structure–property relationship. In this study, an attempt was made to analyze the microstructure in L-PBF-built and subsequently heat-treated Al–12Si (mass%) alloys using the persistent homology, which can analyze the spatial distributions and connections of secondary phases. The zero-dimensional persistent homology revealed that the spacing between adjacent Si particles was independent of Si particle size in the as-built alloy, whereas fewer Si particles existed near large Si particles in the heat-treated alloy. Furthermore, the first principal component of a one-dimensional persistent homology diagram would represent the microstructural characteristics from cellular to particle-dispersed morphology. These microstructural descriptors were strongly correlated with the tensile and yield strengths. This study provides a new insight into the microstructural indices describing unique microstructures in L-PBF-built alloys.
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Dolzhenko, Anastasiia, Marina Tikhonova, Rustam Kaibyshev, and Andrey Belyakov. "Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Steels and Alloys Subjected to Large-Strain Cold-to-Warm Deformation." Metals 12, no. 3 (March 8, 2022): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12030454.

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The effect of large-strain cold-to-warm deformation on the microstructures and mechanical properties of various steels and alloys is critically reviewed. The review is mainly focused on the microstructure evolution, whereas the deformation textures are cursorily considered without detailed examination. The deformation microstructures are considered in a wide strain range, from early straining to severe deformations. Such an approach offers a clearer view of how the deformation mechanisms affect the structural changes leading to the final microstructures evolved in large strains. The general regularities of microstructure evolution are shown for different deformation methods, including conventional rolling/swaging and special techniques, such as equal channel angular pressing or torsion under high pressure. The microstructural changes during deformations under different processing conditions are considered as functions of total strain. Then, some important mutual relationships between the microstructural parameters, e.g., grain size vs. dislocation density, are revealed and discussed. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of microstructure evolution that are responsible for the grain refinement. The development of an ultrafine-grained microstructure during large strain deformation is considered in terms of continuous dynamic recrystallization. The regularities of the latter are discussed in comparison with conventional (discontinuous) dynamic recrystallization and grain subdivision (fragmentation) phenomenon. The structure–property relations are quantitatively represented for the structural strengthening, taking into account various mechanisms of dislocation retardation.
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Zheng, Xiaomeng, Yongzhen Zhang, and Sanming Du. "Preliminary Research on Response of GCr15 Bearing Steel under Cyclic Compression." Materials 13, no. 16 (August 5, 2020): 3443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163443.

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During the bearing service, a series of microstructural evolutions will arise inside the material, such as the appearance of feature microstructures. The essential reason for the microstructural evolution is the cumulative effect of cyclic stress. The Hertz Contact formula is usually adopted to calculate the internal stress, and there is a correlation between the shape and distribution of the feature microstructure and the stress distribution. But it is insufficient to explain the relationship between the morphology of feature microstructures and the rolling direction, such as specific angles in butterfly and white etching bands. The rolling phenomenon will cause the asymmetry of stress distribution in the material, which is the source of the rolling friction coefficient. Moreover, slipping or microslip will produce additional stress components, which also cause the asymmetry of the stress field. However, there is no experimental or theoretical explanation for the relationship between the asymmetry of the stress field and the feature microstructure. According to the current theory, the appearance of feature microstructures is caused by stress with or without rolling. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the formation mechanism: whether feature microstructures will appear in the uniaxial cyclic compression stress field without rolling. In this paper, uniaxial cyclic compressive stress was loaded into a plate-ball system and a cylinder system. The characteristics of microstructural change of bearing steel (GCr15) were studied. It was found that the hardness of the material increased after the cyclic compressive load, and the inclusions interacted with the matrix material. In the local microregion a white etching area was found, although the scale is very small. No large-scale feature microstructures appeared. Other phenomena in the experiment are also described and analyzed. For example, the production of oil film in the contact area and the changing law of alternating load.
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YEOM, JONG-TAEK, JEOUNG HAN KIM, JAE-KEUN HONG, NHO-KWANG PARK, and CHONG SOO LEE. "INFLUENCE OF INITIAL MICROSTRUCTURE ON HOT WORKABILITY OF Ti-6Al-4V ALLOY." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2009): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209060063.

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Hot workability of Ti -6 Al -4 V alloy with different initial microstructures was investigated by considering processing maps and the dynamic material deformation behavior. The emphasis has been focused on the effect of initial microstructure (equiaxed versus bimodal structure). Process maps were generated using the dynamic material model (DMM), unifying the relationships between constitutive deformation behavior, hot workability and microstructures evolution. Also, the flow instability was investigated using the various flow instability criteria and microstructural analysis. To establish the processing maps with different initial microstructures, high temperature compression tests were carried out at various temperatures and strain rates up to a true strain of 0.7. Microstructural changes occurring during the deformation were analyzed in terms of high temperature deformation mechanisms. Finally the useful instability criterion for predicting the forming defects was suggested through the compression test results with different temperatures and strain rates.
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Islam, Showmic, Musa Norouzian, and Joseph A. Turner. "Influence of tessellation morphology on ultrasonic scattering." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 3 (September 2022): 1951–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0014288.

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Material properties, such as hardness, yield strength, and ductility, depend on the microstructure of the material. If the microstructural organization can be quantified nondestructively, for example, with ultrasonic scattering techniques, then it may be possible to predict the mechanical performance of a component. Three-dimensional digital microstructures have been increasingly used to investigate the scattering of mechanical waves within a numerical framework. These synthetic microstructures can be generated using different tessellation algorithms that result in different grain shapes. In this study, the variation of ultrasonic scattering is calculated for microstructures of different morphologies for a nickel polycrystal. The ultrasonic properties are calculated for the Voronoi, Laguerre tessellations, and voxel-based synthetic microstructures created by DREAM.3D. The results show that the differences in the two-point statistics and ultrasonic attenuation for different morphologies become more significant at wider size distributions and higher frequencies.
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Müller, Martin, Marie Stiefel, Björn-Ivo Bachmann, Dominik Britz, and Frank Mücklich. "Overview: Machine Learning for Segmentation and Classification of Complex Steel Microstructures." Metals 14, no. 5 (May 7, 2024): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met14050553.

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The foundation of materials science and engineering is the establishment of process–microstructure–property links, which in turn form the basis for materials and process development and optimization. At the heart of this is the characterization and quantification of the material’s microstructure. To date, microstructure quantification has traditionally involved a human deciding what to measure and included labor-intensive manual evaluation. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer exciting new approaches to microstructural quantification, especially classification and semantic segmentation. This promises many benefits, most notably objective, reproducible, and automated analysis, but also quantification of complex microstructures that has not been possible with prior approaches. This review provides an overview of ML applications for microstructure analysis, using complex steel microstructures as examples. Special emphasis is placed on the quantity, quality, and variance of training data, as well as where the ground truth needed for ML comes from, which is usually not sufficiently discussed in the literature. In this context, correlative microscopy plays a key role, as it enables a comprehensive and scale-bridging characterization of complex microstructures, which is necessary to provide an objective and well-founded ground truth and ultimately to implement ML-based approaches.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microstructures"

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Jensen, Jens A. D. "Engineering of metal microstructures : process-microstructure-property relationships for electrodeposits /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/tek784s.pdf.

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Smith, Benjamin Daniel. "Microstructure-sensitive plasticity and fatigue of three titanium alloy microstructures." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49237.

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Titanium alloys are employed in many advanced engineering applications due to their exceptional properties, i.e., a high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and high temperature strength. The performance of titanium alloys is known to be strongly affected by its inherent microstructure, which forms as a result of its thermo-mechanical processing. These microstructures produce compromise relationships between beneficial and detrimental effects on the alloy's performance. To study these structure-property relationships, two distinct crystal plasticity algorithms have been calibrated to data acquired from cyclic deformation experiments performed on three different Ti microstructures: (1) Ti-6Al-4V beta-annealed , (2) Ti-18 solution-treated, age-hardened (STA), and (3) Ti-18 beta-annealed, slow-cooled, age-hardened (BASCA). The calibrated models have been utilized to simulate fatigue loading of variant microstructures to investigate the influence of mean grain size, crystallographic texture, and phase volume fraction. The driving force for fatigue crack nucleation and propagation is quantified through the calculation of relevant fatigue indicator parameters (FIPs) and radial correlation functions are employed to study the correlation between favorably oriented slip systems and the extreme value FIP locations. The computed results are utilized to observe fatigue performance trends associated with changes to key microstructural attributes.
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Trancik, Jessika. "Silk microstructures." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249173.

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Ruddock, Guy James. "Martensitic microstructures." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1371.

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Chen, Kevin M. (Kevin Ming) 1974. "Ordered photonic microstructures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8785.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2001.
"February 2001."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-157).
This thesis examines novel photonic materials systems possessing order in the atomic, microscopic, and macroscopic dimensional regimes. In the atomic order regime, a structure-property investigation is done for Er203 in which the first report of room temperature photoluminescence (PL) is provided. Thin films of the rare earth oxide were deposited via reactive sputtering of Er metal in an Ar/02 ambient, and subsequently annealed to promote grain growth. Heat treatment consisting of a 650°C followed by 1000°C anneal produces maximum crystallinity as measured by glancing angle x-ray diffraction. These films show characteristic PL at [lambda]=1.54 [mu]m. In the microscopic order regime, omnidirectional reflectors and thin film microcavities are demonstrated using sol-gel and solid-state materials. A first demonstration of omnidirectional reflectivity in sol-gel structures was accomplished using a dielectric stack consisting of 12 spin-on Si02/Ti02 quarterwave sol-gel films. Similarly, solid-state dielectric stacks consisting of 6 Si/Si02 sputtered films were used to demonstrate the same principle. Microcavities were formed using sol-gel structures, producing a low quality factor Q=35 due to limitations in film thickness control and lossy interfaces from stress-induced cracks. The high index contrast Si/Si02 microcavities enabled Q ~1000 using 17 total layers following hydrogenation of dangling bonds within the amorphous Si films. Combining fabrication processes for the solid-state microcavity and Er20 3 films, a device was fabricated to demonstrate photoluminescence enhancement of an Er20 3 film embedded in a microcavity. The structure consisted of 3-bilayer mirrors on either side of an Si02/Er203/Si02 cavity. The Q~300 was near the theoretical value for such a structure. At room temperature, PL of Er20 3 was enhanced by a factor of 1000 in the microcavity compared to a single thin film. In the macroscopic order regime, self-assembly of micron-sized Si02 and polystyrene latex colloidal particles into 2D crystals is presented. The colloidal assemblies offer a relatively easy processing route for fabrication of photonic bandgap structures. Large (> 1 mm diameter) single crystal grains of colloids were formed using controlled evaporation and fluid flow techniques. A novel solution enabling postprocessing of the fragile ordered assemblies is presented in which polyelectrolyte multilayers serve as adsorption platforms that anchor the colloidal assemblies. Tailorability of the polyelectrolyte surface properties (charge density, morphology) enables tuning of the colloid adsorption behavior. The polyelectrolyte surface affects colloid adsorption by influencing its surface diffusion. Observations of colloid surface diffusion were made using optical microscopy. Use of polyelectrolytes patterned via rnicrocontact printing enables fabrication of colloid assemblies containing predesigned point and line defects. The patterned polyelectrolyte adsorption template allows placement of colloids in specific geometric arrangement, making possible the realization of sensors or functional photonic bandgap devices such as waveguides or photon traps. Three mechanisms were used to control· adsorption: (1) pH of the colloid suspension, which determines the ionization of the uppermost surface of the polyelectrolyte multilayer; (2) ionic strength of the suspension, which determines the extent of charge screening about the colloid and polyelectrolyte; and (3) concentration of added surfactant, which causes charge screening and introduces hydrophobic interactions between the surfactant and polyelectrolyte.
by Kevin Ming Chen.
Ph.D.
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Syed, Mujtaba [Verfasser], and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Wilde. "Fatigue analysis of microstructures." Freiburg : Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1122743335/34.

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Hsu, Yi-Chu. "Damping treatments for microstructures /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7054.

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Gurumurthy, Ashok. "Simulation methodologies for multiphase three-dimensional microstructures." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52261.

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There is a need for simulation methodologies for multiphase three-dimensional microstructures that can be used in numerical simulations of material behavior or in exact computation of effective properties using microstructural correlation functions. Specifically, the methodology must be able to generate verifiably realistic microstructures, with complex morphology accurately represented. Striving to address that need, the research presented here develops a general microstructure simulation toolbox for multiphase two- and three-dimensional microstructures consisting of one connected phase and one or more particulate phases. Previous work by other researchers has found successful solutions to a variety of special cases of the general problem, but most of them are intended for binary microstructures, and nearly all simulate only two-dimensional microstructures. The toolbox presented here attempts to exceed those limitations. Its framework is a Metropolis stochastic-optimization routine running a simulated-anneal schedule, with particle position coordinates defining the configuration space and a range of forms available for the ﾓenergyﾔ? function. The toolbox allows several parameterizations of the microstructure, supplying all elementary properties (phase volume fractions, mean sizes, etc.) and some non-elementary properties (distributions of elementary properties, properties relating to inter-phase distances and morphology) of microstructures as possible parameters. The toolbox is able, as one special case, to simulate realistic microstructures of uniaxially compacted mixtures of elemental Al-Ti-B powders and achieve basic microstructure-processing correlation. Statistical tests involving microstructural correlation functions bear out the realism. The toolbox is also able to generate virtual microstructures for the same system, for use in the design of experiments (which are in fact high-strain-rate impact simulations), and for evaluating hypotheses involving achievable material properties. The Al-Ti-B powder compacts are potential advanced energetic materials that, when subjected to high-strain-rate impact (which may or may not constitute shock compression), explosively release heat by anaerobic reaction according as certain incompletely understood conditions are met or not. The study of those conditions and the mechanism of reaction initiation (carried out by a collaborator) is the specific application that the simulations in this work cater to. To ensure realistic morphology in simulated Al-Ti-B microstructures, this work included reconstruction (carried out by montage serial sectioning) of large three-dimensional volumes of Al-Ti and Al-B binary compacts for two sets of powders that yielded actual 3 D Ti and B particle images. Accordingly, advancement of the experimental technique of montage serial sectioning and a quantitative characterization of the real powder microstructures also formed part of this research. While only examples from Al-Ti-B powders are used throughout this work, it is clear that the methods will apply to other similar systems.
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Borhani, Ehsan. "Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Heavily Deformed Al-Sc Alloy Having Different Starting Microstructures." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/152522.

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Schiltges, Gilbert. "Continuum mechanical investigations on microstructures /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=13265.

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Books on the topic "Microstructures"

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Tomsia, Antoni P., and Andreas M. Glaeser, eds. Ceramic Microstructures. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9.

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Ammari, Habib, and Hyeonbae Kang, eds. Imaging Microstructures. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/conm/494.

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R, Stevens, and Taylor Derek 1939-, eds. Complex microstructures. Stoke-on-Trent: Institute of Ceramics, 1989.

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R, Stevens, Taylor D, and British Ceramic Society, eds. Complex microstructures. Shelton, U.K: Institute of Ceramics, 1989.

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Pask, Joseph A., and Anthony G. Evans, eds. Ceramic Microstructures ’86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1933-7.

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Thermodynamics of microstructures. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International, 2008.

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Nishizawa, Taiji. Thermodynamics of microstructures. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International, 2008.

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Alphonse, Finel, Mazière D, Veron Muriel, and North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., eds. Thermodynamics, microstructures, and plasticity. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Fasol, Gerhard, Annalisa Fasolino, and Paolo Lugli, eds. Spectroscopy of Semiconductor Microstructures. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6565-6.

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Finel, Alphonse, Dominique Mazière, and Muriel Veron, eds. Thermodynamics, Microstructures and Plasticity. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0219-6.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microstructures"

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German, Randall M. "Microstructures." In Liquid Phase Sintering, 13–41. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3599-1_2.

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Rühle, Manfred, Gerhard Dehm, and Christina Scheu. "Structure and Composition of Interfaces in Ceramics and Ceramic Composites." In Ceramic Microstructures, 1–12. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_1.

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Cinibulk, M. K., and H. J. Kleebe. "Grain-Boundary Films in A Silicon Nitride Ceramic at High Temperatures." In Ceramic Microstructures, 123–30. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_10.

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Chiang, Yet-Ming, Jonq-Ren Lee, and Haifeng Wang. "Microstructure and Intergranular Phase Distribution in Bi2O3-Doped ZnO." In Ceramic Microstructures, 131–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_11.

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Ackler, Harold D., and Yet-Ming Chiang. "Thin Intergranular Films In Ceramics: Thermodynamic Calculations and Model Experiments in the System Titania-Silica." In Ceramic Microstructures, 149–60. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_12.

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Campbell, Geoffrey H., and Wayne E. King. "Atomic Structure of the ∑5 (210)/[001] Symmetric Tilt Grain Boundary in Yttrium Aluminum Garnet." In Ceramic Microstructures, 161–68. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_13.

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Kriven, W. M., M. H. Jilavi, D. Zhu, J. K. R. Weber, B. Cho, J. Felten, and P. C. Nordine. "Synthesis and Microstructure of Mullite Fibers Grown from Deeply Undercooled Melts." In Ceramic Microstructures, 169–76. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_14.

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MoberlyChan, Warren J., J. J. Cao, C. J. Gilbert, R. O. Ritchie, and L. C. De Jonghe. "The Cubic — To — Hexagonal Transformation to Toughen Sic." In Ceramic Microstructures, 177–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_15.

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Malengreau, F., S. Hagège, R. Sporken, M. Vermeersch, R. Caudano, and D. Imhoff. "Morphology and Microstructure of A1N Single Crystals on Si (111): A Combination of Surface Electron Spectroscopies and Transmission Electron Microscopies." In Ceramic Microstructures, 191–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_16.

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Risbud, Subhash H., and Valerie J. Leppert. "Nanometer Level Characterization of Rapidly Densified Ceramics and Glass-Semiconductor Composites." In Ceramic Microstructures, 199–207. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5393-9_17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microstructures"

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Xu, Hongyi, Ruoqian Liu, Alok Choudhary, and Wei Chen. "A Machine Learning-Based Design Representation Method for Designing Heterogeneous Microstructures." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34570.

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In designing microstructural materials systems, one of the key research questions is how to represent the microstructural design space quantitatively using a descriptor set that is sufficient yet small enough to be tractable. Existing approaches describe complex microstructures either using a small set of descriptors that lack sufficient level of details, or using generic high order microstructure functions of infinite dimensionality without explicit physical meanings. We propose a new machine learning-based method for identifying the key microstructure descriptors from vast candidates as potential microstructural design variables. With a large number of candidate microstructure descriptors collected from literature covering a wide range of microstructural material systems, a 4-step machine learning-based method is developed to eliminate redundant microstructure descriptors via image analyses, to identify key microstructure descriptors based on structure-property data, and to determine the microstructure design variables. The training criteria of the supervised learning process include both microstructure correlation functions and material properties. The proposed methodology effectively reduces the infinite dimension of the microstructure design space to a small set of descriptors without a significant information loss. The benefits are demonstrated by an example of polymer nanocomposites optimization. We compare designs using key microstructure descriptors versus using empirically-chosen microstructure descriptors to validate the proposed method.
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Beeby, S. P. "Stress modelling of microstructures." In IEE Half-Day Colloquium on Computer Modelling Techniques for Microstructures. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19970441.

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Isobe, Yoshihiro, Junji Etoh, Mitsuyuki Sagisaka, Takashi Matsunaga, Paula Freyer, Frank Garner, and Taira Okita. "Ultrasonic NDE for Irradiation-Induced Material Degradations." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16850.

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We have developed a prediction model of ultrasonic wave changes caused by microstructural changes in 304 stainless steel based on the theory of ultrasonic wave propagation and experimental results. The correlation between microstructure and ultrasonic waves was simulated in the model with microstructure components such as grain boundaries, voids, precipitates and dislocations taken into account. Material parameters used for the prediction model were determined from the literature, microscopic observations, and experimental results obtained from archive materials. Calculations were performed assuming respective and integrated changes of irradiation-induced microstructures and spectrum changes of ultrasonic signals due to microstructural changes were evaluated. Calculations for archive material were also performed for validation, and the results were reasonably consistent with experimental data. It was found that by selecting appropriate indicators one can identify the nature of microstructures and quantify the microstructural changes due to irradiation.
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Belmans, R. "Computer modeling techniques for microstructures." In IEE Half-Day Colloquium on Computer Modelling Techniques for Microstructures. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19970438.

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Jonsson, Katherine, Douglas G. Ivey, Hani Henein, Shahrooz Nafisi, Laurie Collins, Thomas Garcin, and Warren Poole. "The Effect of Microstructure on Tensile Behaviour of X80 Microalloyed Steel." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90685.

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A high degree of work hardening is desirable for steels to be employed in strain-based pipeline designs. In an effort to enhance work hardening characteristics, this study was conducted to determine the effect of thermal treatment on microstructural development and the subsequent relationship between microstructure and tensile behaviour of high strength microalloyed line pipe steel. A series of thermal schedules was applied to X80 steel samples using a Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulator in order to generate a variety of microstructures. The microstructures were quantified by calculating the phase fraction of individual phases using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A focused ion beam (FIB) instrument was used to prepare electron transparent samples of specific grains that were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The X80 microstructures were composed mostly of bainitic and ferritic grains with isolated pockets of martensite and M-A islands due to local carbon segregation. The effect of thermal treatment on microstructural evolution was determined based on varying the interrupt temperature, re-heat temperature and hold time at elevated temperatures. The overall effect of microstructure on the mechanical properties was evaluated, with a particular focus on hardness values and the shape of the stress-strain curves. The effect of thermal history and microstructure development on the work hardening characteristics was also determined.
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null. "A design simulation system for microstructures." In IEE Half-Day Colloquium on Computer Modelling Techniques for Microstructures. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19970440.

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Xu, Leidong, Kiarash Naghavi Khanghah, and Hongyi Xu. "Design of Mixed-Category Stochastic Microstructures: A Comparison of Curvature Functional-Based and Deep Generative Model-Based Methods." In ASME 2023 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2023-114601.

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Abstract Bridging the gaps among various categories of stochastic microstructures remains a challenge in the design representation of microstructural materials. Each microstructure category requires certain unique mathematical and statistical methods to define the design space (design representation). The design representation methods are usually incompatible between two different categories of stochastic microstructures. The common practice of pre-selecting the microstructure category and the associated design representation method before conducting rigorous computational design limits the design freedom and reduces the possibility of obtaining innovative microstructure designs. To overcome this issue, this paper proposes and compares two methods, the deep generative modeling-based method and the curvature functional-based method, to understand their pros and cons in designing mixed-category stochastic microstructures for desired properties. For the deep generative modeling-based method, the Variational Autoencoder is employed to generate an unstructured latent space as the design space. For the curvature functional-based method, the microstructure geometry is represented by curvature functionals, of which the functional parameters are employed as the microstructure design variables. Regressors of the microstructure design variables-property relationship are trained for microstructure design optimization. A comparative study is conducted to understand the relative merits of these two methods in terms of computational cost, continuous transition, design scalability, design diversity, dimensionality of the design space, interpretability of the statistical equivalency, and design performance.
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Elmer, J. W., and T. A. Palmer. "In-Situ Monitoring of Phase Transformations During Welding of Steels Using Synchrotron-Based X-Ray Diffraction Techniques." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-62448.

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Understanding the evolution of microstructure in welds is an important goal of welding research because of the strong correlation between weld microstructure and weld properties. To achieve this goal it is important to develop a quantitative measure of phase transformations encountered during welding in order to ultimately develop methods for predicting weld microstructures from the characteristics of the welding process. To aid in this effort, synchrotron radiation methods have been developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for direct observations of microstructure evolution during welding. Using intense, highly collimated synchrotron radiation, the atomic structure of the weld heat affected and fusion zones can be probed in real time. Two synchrotron-based techniques have been developed for these investigations, known as spatially resolved (SRXRD) and time resolved (TRXRD) x-ray diffraction, and these techniques have been used to investigate welding induced phase transformations in titanium alloys, low alloy steels, and stainless steel alloys. This paper will provide a brief overview of the application of these methods to understand microstructural evolution during the welding of low carbon (AISI 1005) and medium carbon (AISI 1045) steels, where the different levels of carbon influence the starting microstructures and the evolution of microstructures during welding.
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Zhao, Xinyu, Ashif Iquebal, Huifeng Sun, and Hao Yan. "Simultaneous Material Microstructure Classification and Discovery via Hidden Markov Modeling of Acoustic Emission Signals." In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8454.

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Abstract Acoustic emission (AE) signals have been widely employed for tracking material properties and structural characteristics. In this study, we aim to analyze the AE signals gathered during a scanning probe lithography process to classify the known microstructure types and discover unknown surface microstructures/anomalies. To achieve this, we developed a Hidden Markov Model to consider the temporal dependency of the high-resolution AE data. Furthermore, we compute the posterior classification probability and the negative likelihood score for microstructure classification and discovery. Subsequently, we present a diagnostic procedure to identify the dominant AE frequencies that allow us to track the microstructural characteristics. Finally, we apply the proposed approach to identify the surface microstructures of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V and show that it not only achieved a high classification accuracy (e.g., more than 90%) but also correctly identified the microstructural anomalies that may be subjected further investigation to discover new material phases/properties.
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Kim, Kyu Tae, Sang Gi Ko, and Jong Man Han. "Effects of Microstructural Inhomogeneity on HIC Susceptibility and HIC Evaluation Methods for Linepipe Steels for Sour Service." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33341.

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It has been well documented that slab internal quality is one of the key factors for reduced susceptibility of hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) in line pipe steels designed for sour gas service. In addition, the creation of a homogeneous microstructure which is heavily influenced by the slab internal quality is also a critical key parameter to reduce the HIC susceptibility in higher strength line pipe steel grade X60 and above. For the application of deep sea linepipe exposed to higher external pressure environments, heavy gauge in combination with higher strength steel is essential. Homogeneity of the steel microstructure is a key to success for thicker plates used in sour service HIC applications in combination with a deep sea environment. In this paper, various microstructures were compared along with an evaluation of the effects of the various microstructures on HIC susceptibility in grades X52, X65 and X70 designed for sour service. The various microstructures compared consisted of polygonal ferrite and pearlite in the X52 and polygonal ferrite, pearlite, acicular ferrite and bainite in the X65 and X70. The effect of microstructural inhomogeneity on HIC susceptibility was comparatively lower for the X52 than that of the X65 and X70. The microstructure of grade X65 and X70 were different due to the different conditions of rolling and cooling that were applied. Grades X65/X70 had a microstructure of polygonal ferrite/pearlite with bainite islands that resulted in a high crack length ratio (CLR) value caused by different hardness regions across the microstructural matrix. A homogeneous fine acicular ferrite microstructure produced by optimizing temperature control during rolling and cooling showed no hydrogen induced cracking. In addition, this alloy/process/microstructure design resulted in improved toughness results in low temperature drop weight tear test (DWTT). This paper will describe the successful production results of plate and pipe for high strength heavier gauge line pipe steels with highly homogeneous microstructures designed for sour service by controlling chemical design and process conditions in rolling and cooling. In addition, HIC evaluation methods utilizing both a traditional NACE TM0284 method versus that of a Scan-UT method were conducted and compared. A proposal to make the NACE TM0284 testing method more reliable by using Scan-UT method will be presented.
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Reports on the topic "Microstructures"

1

Aker, P. M. Optical Imaging in Microstructures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833829.

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Owen, Steven, Corey Ernst, Judith Brown, Hojun Lim, Kevin Long, Nathan Moore, Corbett Battaile, and Theron Rodgers. Mesh Generation for Microstructures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1762957.

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Schroers, Jan, and Jittisa Ketkaew. Using Artificial Microstructures to Understand Microstructure Property Relationship-Toughening Mechanisms in Metallic Glass. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1989817.

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Amimoto, S. T., D. J. Chang, and A. D. Birkitt. Stress Measurements in Silicon Microstructures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399599.

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Swiler, T. P., E. A. Holm, M. F. Young, and S. A. Wright. Mass transport through polycrystalline microstructures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10107235.

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Kostecki, Robert, Xiang Yun Song, and Kim Kinoshita. Carbon microstructures for electrochemical studies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/834265.

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Serota, Rostislav. Mesoscopic Effects in Electronic Microstructures. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada254889.

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Bishop, A., B. Birnir, B. Galdrikian, and L. Wang. High-performance computing of electron microstructures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/296818.

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Lax, M. Optical interactions in microstructures. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/674825.

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Shapiro, A. B., L. T. Summers, D. J. Eckels, and V. Sahai. Modeling of casting microstructures and defects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/632822.

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