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Journal articles on the topic 'MICROSTRIP LINE COUPLER'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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1

Shimasaki, Hitoshi, and Makoto Tsutsumi. "Light-controlled microstrip line coupler." International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves 10, no. 9 (September 1989): 1131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01010371.

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2

Nasr, Abdelhamid M. H., and Amr M. E. Safwat. "Tightly Coupled Directional Coupler Using Slotted-Microstrip Line." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 66, no. 10 (October 2018): 4462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2018.2847696.

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3

Jogiraju, G. V., and V. M. Pandharipande. "Stripline to microstrip line aperture coupler." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 38, no. 4 (April 1990): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.52589.

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4

Yahya, Salah I., Farid Zubir, Leila Nouri, Fawwaz Hazzazi, Zubaida Yusoff, Muhammad Akmal Chaudhary, Maher Assaad, Abbas Rezaei, and Binh Nguyen Le. "A Balanced Symmetrical Branch-Line Microstrip Coupler for 5G Applications." Symmetry 15, no. 8 (August 17, 2023): 1598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15081598.

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Symmetry in designing a microstrip coupler is crucial because it ensures balanced power division and minimizes unwanted coupling between the coupled lines. In this paper, a filtering branch-line coupler (BLC) with a simple symmetrical microstrip structure was designed, analyzed and fabricated. Based on a mathematical design procedure, the operating frequency was set at 5.2 GHz for WLAN and 5G applications. Moreover, an optimization method was used to improve the performance of the proposed design. It occupied an area of 83.2 mm2. Its harmonics were suppressed up to 15.5 GHz with a maximum level of −15 dB. Meanwhile, the isolation was better than −28 dB. Another advantage of this design was its high phase balance, where the phase difference between its output ports was 270° ± 0.1°. To verify the design method and simulation results, the proposed coupler was fabricated and measured. The results show that all the simulation, design methods, and experimental results are in good agreement. Therefore, the proposed design can be easily used in designing high-performance microstrip-based communication systems.

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5

Alhalabi, H., H. Issa, E. Pistono, D. Kaddour, F. Podevin, A. Baheti, S. Abouchahine, and P. Ferrari. "Miniaturized branch-line coupler based on slow-wave microstrip lines." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, no. 10 (August 22, 2018): 1103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718001204.

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AbstractThis paper presents a miniaturized 3-dB branch-line coupler based on slow-wave microstrip transmission lines. The miniaturized coupler operating at 2.45 GHz is designed and implemented on a double-layer printed circuit board substrate with blind metallic vias embedded in the lower substrate layer providing the slow-wave effect. Based on this concept, a 43% size miniaturization is achieved as compared with a classical microstrip branch-line coupler prototype. The measured S parameters present a return loss of 25.5 dB and an average insertion loss equal to 0.05 dB at the operating frequency.

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6

Islam, R., and G. V. Eleftheriades. "Review of the microstrip/negative-refractive-index transmission-line coupled-line coupler." IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 6, no. 1 (2012): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2011.0225.

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7

Nosrati, Mehdi. "An extremely miniaturized microstrip branch-line coupler." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 51, no. 6 (June 2009): 1403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.24365.

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8

Wu, Yongle, Weinong Sun, Sai-Wing Leung, Yinliang Diao, Kwok-Hung Chan, and Yun-Ming Siu. "Single-Layer Microstrip High-Directivity Coupled-Line Coupler With Tight Coupling." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 61, no. 2 (February 2013): 746–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmtt.2012.2235855.

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9

Kingsly, Saffrine, Sangeetha Velan, Malathi Kanagasabai, Sangeetha Subbaraj, Yogeshwari Panneer Selvam, and Bhuvaneswari Balasubramaniyan. "Signal integrity analysis on a microstrip ultra-wideband coupled-line coupler." International Journal of Electronics 106, no. 4 (December 17, 2018): 620–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207217.2018.1545262.

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10

Kim, Seong‐Jin, and Moon‐Que Lee. "Three‐line microstrip directional coupler with high directivity." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 64, no. 2 (October 18, 2021): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.33070.

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11

Zhu, Y., J. Zhang, H. Zhu, J. Cheng, and J. Li. "Compact microstrip line directional coupler with high directivity." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 26, no. 11-12 (July 19, 2012): 1619–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09205071.2012.706590.

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12

Huang, Wen, Jia Li, Ping Li, and Xi Guo. "Compact Microwave Components with Harmonic Suppression Based on Artificial Transmission Lines." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (May 2, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4923964.

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In this paper, compact microwave components, including a Wilkinson power divider and a 3 dB branch-line coupler based on artificial transmission lines (ATLs) with harmonic suppression, are presented. A section ATL is consisted of microstrip stepped impedance transmission lines and a microstrip interdigital capacitor. To achieve a compact size, the stepped impedance transmission lines are folded into a right-angled triangle shape. For the ATL, the interdigital capacitor is used to suppress harmonics. By employing two sections of 70.7 Ω ATLs with a right-angled triangle shape to replace conventional transmission lines, the proposed power divider working at 0.9 GHz achieves a size miniaturization with the 58.8% area of a conventional case. In addition, the power divider has good harmonic suppression performance. In the design of a branch-line coupler, two pairs of ATLs with 50 Ω and 35.4 Ω are utilized. For 50 Ω ATLs, the ATLs are designed to a right-angled triangle shape. Meanwhile, to obtain a more compact size, these 35.4 Ω ATLs are modified to an isosceles trapezoid shape. The proposed branch-line coupler operating at 0.9 GHz accounts for merely 33.4% of a coupler adopting conventional microstrip transmission lines. Moreover, the harmonics of a branch-line coupler are suppressed effectively as well. Finally, measured results of the proposed Wilkinson power divider and branch-line coupler display good performance and agree with their simulated results well.

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13

Chiu, Leung. "Wideband Microstrip 90° Hybrid Coupler Using High Pass Network." International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2014 (April 7, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/854346.

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A wideband 90° hybrid coupler has been presented and implemented in planar microstrip circuit. With similar structure of conversional 2-section branch-line coupler, the proposed coupler consists of a lumped high-pass network but not the quarter wavelength transmission at the center. The values of all lumped elements were optimized to replace a quarter-wavelength transmission line with a phase inverter. To demonstrate the proposed concept, a 1-GHz prototype was fabricated and tested. It achieves 90% impedance bandwidth with magnitude of S11 less than −10 dB. Within this bandwidth, more than 13 dB port-to-port isolation, less than 5.0 degree phase imbalance, and less than 4.5 dB magnitude imbalance are achieved, simultaneously. The proposed coupler not only achieves much wider bandwidth but also occupies less circuit area than that of the conversional 2-section branch-line coupler.

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14

Wu, Yongle, Weinong Sun, Sai-Wing Leung, Yinliang Diao, and Kwok-Hung Chan. "A Compact Microstrip Wideband Arbitrary Branch-Line Coupler with Coupled-Line Impedance-Transforming Structures." Electromagnetics 33, no. 3 (April 2013): 256–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726343.2013.769409.

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15

Yildiz, Azra, and Şehabeddin Taha İmeci. "30 dB microstrip coupler with high directivity." Sustainable Engineering and Innovation 2, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/sei.v2i1.40.

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Due to inhomogeneous structure of a microstrip directional couplers, i.e. partly dielectric substrate, partly air, they mostly present property of poor directivity and low coupling level. High directivity is achieved by a capacitive compensation by gap coupling of open stub formed in sub-coupled line. Neverthless, these couplers have advantage of easy fabrication, lightweight and incorporation with other microwave devices, and is validated via design using Sonnet software. The main goal was to obtain coupling around -30 dB, meaning that almost all power is passed to the output, with a wide band, from around 3.5GHz to nearly 9GHz. Desired values have been obtained, including isolation and input match reaching -70 dB.

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16

Jahanbakht, Mohammad, and Mohammad Tondro Aghmyoni. "Optimized Ultrawideband and Uniplanar Minkowski Fractal Branch Line Coupler." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/695190.

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The non-Euclidean Minkowski fractal geometry is used in design, optimization, and fabrication of an ultrawideband (UWB) branch line coupler. Self-similarities of the fractal geometries make them act like an infinite length in a finite area. This property creates a smaller design with broader bandwidth. The designed 3 dB microstrip coupler has a single layer and uniplanar platform with quite easy fabrication process. This optimized 180° coupler also shows a perfect isolation and insertion loss over the UWB frequency range of 3.1–10.6 GHz.

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17

Lim, Jongsik, Dal Ahn, Sang-Min Han, Yongchae Jeong, and Haiwen Liu. "A Defected Ground Structure without Ground Contact Problem and Application to Branch Line Couplers." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/232317.

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A new defected ground structure (DGS) microstrip line that is free from the ground contact problem is described together with its application example. The proposed DGS microstrip line adopts a double-layered substrate. The first layer contains the microstrip line and DGS patterns on the top and bottom planes as with the conventional DGS line. The second substrate, of which upper metal plane has already been removed, is attached to the bottom ground plane of the first layer. This structure prevents the ground plane of the first substrate with DGS patterns from making contact with the metal housing. The proposed DGS microstrip line has advantageous transmission and rejection characteristics, without the ground contact problem of DGS patterns, which has been a critical problem of previous DGS lines. A 10 dB branch line hybrid coupler is designed and measured, as an example of application of the proposed DGS microstrip line.

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18

Chang, Won Il, Mahn Jea Chung, and Chul Soon Park. "Compact High-Directivity Contra-Directional Coupler." Electronics 11, no. 24 (December 9, 2022): 4115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11244115.

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This paper presents a novel design of a compact contra-directional coupler with high directivity for high-power monitoring in high frequency. Microstrip parallel coupled lines are widely used for directional couplers; however, they show poor directivity inherently. Their directivity has been improved by many works. However, the suggested approaches often result in other limitations, such as a weak structure for high-power monitoring, or a larger size to be integrated with other circuits. The design approach proposed in this study starts from a ring-type four-port network to avoid weak components that are vulnerable to high power, and uses a 60° electrical length of coupled line for a compact size. The design equations for the initial dimensions are derived from the ring-type four-port network model. The weak coupling of the 20 dB coupler was designed and measured. The measurement shows 20 dB directivity from 12.8 GHz to 14.8 GHz, covering the Ku-band satellite uplink communication and peak directivity of about 45 dB. The coupler’s active area is 4 mm by 5.5 mm; this is a compact size compared with other works.

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19

Chudzik, M., I. Arnedo, A. Lujambio, I. Arregui, F. Teberio, M. A. G. Laso, and T. Lopetegi. "Microstrip coupled-line directional coupler with enhanced coupling based on EBG concept." Electronics Letters 47, no. 23 (2011): 1284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2011.2156.

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20

Chen, Chia-Chung, Jen-Tsai Kuo, Meshon Jiang, and Albert Chin. "A fully planar microstrip coupled-line coupler with a high coupling level." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 46, no. 2 (2005): 170–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.20934.

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21

Tang, C. W., M. G. Chen, Y. S. Lin, and J. W. Wu. "Broadband microstrip branch-line coupler with defected ground structure." Electronics Letters 42, no. 25 (2006): 1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:20063025.

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22

Khattab, Ramy Mohammad, and Abdel-Aziz Taha Shalaby. "Wideband Two-Section Branch-Line Coupler Using Microstrip Technique." Menoufia Journal of Electronic Engineering Research 28, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/mjeer.2019.77011.

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23

Wang, J., J. Ni, S. Zhao, and Y. X. Guo. "Compact Microstrip Ring Branch-Line Coupler with Harmonic Suppression." Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications 23, no. 16 (January 1, 2009): 2119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156939309790109216.

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24

Kae-Oh Sun, Sung-Jin Ho, Chih-Chuan Yen, and D. van der Weide. "A compact branch-line coupler using discontinuous microstrip lines." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 15, no. 8 (August 2005): 519–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2005.852789.

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25

Hikita, M. "Three-line microstrip directional coupler for microwave switch matrix." Electronics Letters 28, no. 10 (May 7, 1992): 960–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19920609.

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26

Kim, Young, Seok-Hyun Sim, and Young-Chul Yoon. "Ring Hybrid Coupler using Microstrip Line with Via Transition." Journal of Korea Navigation Institute 17, no. 6 (December 30, 2013): 658–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12673/jkoni.2013.17.6.658.

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27

Salehi, Mohamadreza, and Leila Noori. "Novel 2.4 Ghz branch-line coupler using microstrip cells." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 56, no. 9 (June 24, 2014): 2110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28552.

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28

Gruszczynski, Slawomir, Robert Smolarz, and Krzysztof Wincza. "Differential Bi-Level Microstrip Directional Coupler with Equalized Coupling Coefficients for Directivity Improvement." Electronics 9, no. 4 (March 25, 2020): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040547.

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In this paper, a bi-level microstrip differential directional coupler has been investigated. It has been shown that the equalization of coupling coefficients can be successfully made with the use of appropriate dielectric stack-up and conductor geometry. The application of additional top dielectric layer can ensure proper equalization of coupling coefficients by lowering the value of capacitive coupling coefficient to the value of the inductive one. The theoretically investigated coupled-line section has been used for the design of a 3-dB differential directional coupler. The measurement results are compared with the theoretical ones.

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29

Esfeh, Babak Kazemi, Jean-Pierre Raskin, and Wendy Van Moer. "Low-cost wideband double-layer microstrip coupled-line directional coupler with high directivity." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 56, no. 7 (April 23, 2014): 1570–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.28391.

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30

Sha, Shirui, Yingze Ye, and Zhijie Zhang. "A NOVEL MICROSTRIP BRANCH-LINE COUPLER WITH WIDE SUPPRESSION BAND." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 83 (2019): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl19021003.

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31

Ching-Wen Tang, Ming-Guang Chen, and Chih-Hung Tsai. "Miniaturization of Microstrip Branch-Line Coupler With Dual Transmission Lines." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 18, no. 3 (March 2008): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2008.916798.

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32

Yang, Guo, Bo Li, Wei Kang, and Sheng Ge. "Miniaturized microstrip branch-line coupler with good harmonic suppression performance." Journal of Electronics (China) 29, no. 1-2 (March 2012): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11767-012-0785-z.

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33

Letavin, Denis. "Miniature microstrip branch line coupler with folded artificial transmission lines." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 99 (February 2019): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2018.11.016.

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34

Velan, Sangeetha, and Malathi Kanagasabai. "Compact microstrip branch-line coupler with wideband quadrature phase balance." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 58, no. 6 (March 28, 2016): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.29798.

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35

Chen, Ja-Hao, Shih-Yi Yuan, Shi-Rong Liou, and Shry-Sann Liao. "Compact planar microstrip branch-line coupler using equal difference structure." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 59, no. 3 (January 26, 2017): 664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.30364.

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36

Ahn, Chi-Hyung, Jae Hee Kim, and Soon-Soo Oh. "Tunable microstrip-line coupler for adjusting the antenna beam width." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 59, no. 8 (May 27, 2017): 1955–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.30661.

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37

Corona-Chavez, A., I. Llamas-Garro, Jung-Mu Kim, and Yong-Kweon Kim. "Novel suspended-line microstrip coupler using BCB as supporting layer." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 49, no. 8 (2007): 1813–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.22574.

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38

Hosseini, Sayed M., and Abbas Rezaei. "Design of a Branch-line Microstrip Coupler Using Spirals and Step Impedance Cells for WiMAX Applications." ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY 8, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14500/aro.10606.

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branch-line microstrip coupler is designed and fabricated in this paper. The proposed coupler operates at 3 GHz, which is suitable for WiMAX applications. The designed coupler has a high performance, that is, a low phase difference of 0.49°, low insertion loss, good coupling factor, and good isolation better than −30 dB. Another advantage of the designed coupler is its novel geometrical structure based on integrating the semi-circular and step impedance cells. The design process is based on introducing and analyzing an equivalent LC model to improve impedance matching and reduce losses. To verify the design process, the designed coupler is fabricated, where a good agreement between the simulation result and measurement is achieved.

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39

Najib Al-Areqi, Nadera, Kok Yeow You, Mohamad Ngasri Dimon, Nor Hisham Khamis, and Chia Yew Lee. "MINIATURIZATION OF THREE-SECTION BRANCH-LINE COUPLER USING DIAMOND-SERIES STUBS MICROSTRIP LINE." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 82 (2018): 199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc17110402.

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40

Lee, Hongmin, and Jinwon Park. "Isolation Improvement of a Microstrip Patch Array Antenna for WCDMA Indoor Repeater Applications." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/264618.

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This paper presents the isolation improvement techniques of a microstrip patch array antenna for the indoor wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) repeater applications. One approach is to construct the single-feed switchable feed network structure with an MS/NRI coupled-line coupler in order to reduce the mutual coupling level between antennas. Another approach is to insert the soft surface unit cells near the edges of the microstrip patch elements in order to reduce backward radiation waves. In order to further improve the isolation level, the server antenna and donor antenna are installedinorthogonal direction. The fabricated antenna exhibits a gain over 7 dBi and higher isolation level between server and donor antennas below −70 dB at WCDMA band.

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41

Cao, Yuan, Zhongbao Wang, Shao-Jun Fang, and Yuanan Liu. "A MINIATURIZED 3-DB MICROSTRIP TRD COUPLED-LINE RAT-RACE COUPLER WITH HARMONICS SUPPRESSION." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 67 (2016): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc16072705.

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42

Chudzik, M., I. Arnedo, A. Lujambio, I. Arregui, F. Teberio, M. A. G. Laso, and T. Lopetegi. "Erratum for ‘Microstrip coupled-line directional coupler with enhanced coupling based on EBG concept’." Electronics Letters 48, no. 7 (2012): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2012.0757.

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43

Qiao, Luyan, Rui Li, Ying Han, Feng Wei, Yong Yang, Xiaoning Yang, and Nankai Wu. "A Balanced Filtering Directional Coupler with Wide Common-Mode Suppression Based on Slotline Structure." Electronics 10, no. 18 (September 14, 2021): 2254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10182254.

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In this paper, a balanced-to-balanced filtering directional coupler (FDC) that can realize a 3 dB coupling degree directional coupler with high isolation and directivity is proposed. The design of the proposed FDC is primarily based on microstrip/slotline transition structures, resonance structures, and odd–even mode phase velocity compensation structures. A U-type microstrip feed line integrated with a stepped-impedance slotline resonator is adopted at the input and output ports, which makes the differential-mode (DM) responses independent of the common-mode (CM) ones, and brings superior DM transmission and CM suppression. In addition, by loading the microstrip stub-loaded resonators (SLRs), a DM passband with sharp filtering performance is realized, and transmission zeros (TZs) can be added into the design, which makes it more selective. Moreover, phase compensating slotlines are added into the coupling structure to enhance the isolation. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed design method, an FDC prototype circuit was made and tested. The simulation results are in good agreement with the measured results. The designed coupler’s DM operating band covers 2.65 GHz to 3 GHz (FBW = 12.4%), and the insertion and return losses are 4.6 dB and 20 dB, respectively. The isolation degree is better than 15 dB, and the CM suppression is more than 55 dB. The total coupler size is about 67.7 mm × 63.8 mm. The designed balanced-to-balanced FDC can be widely used in S-band wireless communication systems.

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44

Xu, He-Xiu, Guang-Ming Wang, and Jian-Gang Liang. "NOVEL CRLH TL METAMATERIAL AND COMPACT MICROSTRIP BRANCH-LINE COUPLER APPLICATION." Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 20 (2011): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierc10121805.

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45

Lian, Guowei, Zhang Wang, Zhouyan He, Zhiguang Zhong, Leming Sun, and Mudan Yu. "A NEW MINIATURIZED MICROSTRIP BRANCH-LINE COUPLER WITH GOOD HARMONIC SUPPRESSION." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 67 (2017): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl17021901.

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46

Zhang, Hai, and Xiaolu Lu. "A NEW MINIATURIZED MICROSTRIP BRANCH-LINE COUPLER WITH WIDE SUPPRESSION BAND." Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters 81 (2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2528/pierl18110701.

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47

Alhalabi, H., H. Issa, E. Pistono, D. Kaddour, F. Podevin, A. Baheti, S. Abouchahine, and P. Ferrari. "Addendum – Miniaturized branch-line coupler based on slow-wave microstrip lines." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 11, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718001733.

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48

Wang, Jianpeng, Bing-Zhong Wang, Yong-Xin Guo, L. C. Ong, and Shaoqiu Xiao. "A Compact Slow-Wave Microstrip Branch-Line Coupler With High Performance." IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 17, no. 7 (July 2007): 501–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2007.899307.

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49

Shi, J., X. Y. Zhang, K. W. Lau, J. X. Chen, and Q. Xue. "Directional coupler with high directivity using metallic cylinders on microstrip line." Electronics Letters 45, no. 8 (2009): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2009.2733.

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50

Rezaei, A., L. Noori, and S. M. Hosseini. "Novel microstrip branch-line coupler with low phase shift for WLANs." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 98, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-018-1255-9.

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