Academic literature on the topic 'Microscopie de molécules uniques'
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Journal articles on the topic "Microscopie de molécules uniques"
Illand, Abigail, Pierre Jouchet, Emmanuel Fort, and Sandrine Lévêque-Fort. "Localisation nanométrique de molécules uniques par modulation du signal de fluorescence." Photoniques, no. 114 (2022): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/202111430.
Full textZhang, Lili, Par Pierre Galle, Françoise Escaig, and Fabienne Dantin. "Distribution subcellulaire de molécules pharmacologiques par microscopie ionique." Biofutur 1998, no. 175 (February 1998): A7—A8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0294-3506(98)90084-9.
Full textJulien, C., A. Débarre, P. Tchénio, R. Jaffiol, D. Nutarelli, and M. Mostafavi. "Signal Raman de molécules uniques en présence d'agrégats d'argent structurés." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 119 (November 2004): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004119059.
Full textLounis, B., Ch Brunel, Ph Tamarat, and M. Orrit. "Une source déclenchée de photons uniques basée sur le contrôle de la fluorescence de molécules individuelles." Le Journal de Physique IV 10, PR8 (May 2000): Pr8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2000802.
Full textNutarelli, D., A. Débarre, E. Milhiet, A. Richard, and P. Tchénio. "Détection de molécules individuelles par microscopie à un et à deux photons : étude de la réaction de complexation d'une sonde calcique." Journal de Physique IV (Proceedings) 135, no. 1 (October 2006): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2006135073.
Full textChevereau, Élodie, Lionel Limousy, Patrick Dutournié, and Patrick Bourseau. "Réalisation et modification des propriétés de sélectivité d’une membrane minérale d’ultrafiltration : étude de la rétention de solutions salines." Revue des sciences de l’eau 25, no. 1 (March 28, 2012): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1008533ar.
Full textNYS, Y. "Préface." INRAE Productions Animales 23, no. 2 (April 10, 2011): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2010.23.2.3292.
Full textDJIBOUNE, Alphonse Rodrigue, Nicolas Anton, Sidy Mouhamed Dieng, Papa Mady Sy, Diouf Diouf, Gora Mbaye, Mamadou Soumboundou, et al. "Hydrogels oraux pH-sensibles contenant du phénobarbital pour une utilisation potentielle en pédiatrie." Journal Africain de Technologie Pharmaceutique et Biopharmacie (JATPB) 2, no. 3 (December 20, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.57220/jatpb.v2i3.77.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Microscopie de molécules uniques"
Dukhno, Oleksii. "Microscopie de molécules uniques avec des nanoparticules à conversion ascendante." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ104.
Full textSingle-molecule microscopy (SMM) is a powerful set of techniques for molecular and cell biology that allows visualizing the movement of individual biological molecules, but has strict requirements towards the utilized luminophores. Recently, a new luminophore called upconverting particles (UCNPs) gained attention of the research community due to their efficient emission of visible light upon excitation with infrared light. This property makes UCNPs a valuable luminophore for biological applications due to the elimination of autofluorescence background, commonly associated with regular visible light excitation. Extreme photostability of UCNPs and absence of sporadic photoswitching are also valuable for SMM experiments. The objective of this thesis was to adapt UCNPs to SMM applications, with the ultimate goal of exploiting their unique properties towards superior performance of SMM experiments. During the project, protocols for dispersing UCNPs in aqueous buffers were streamlined to provide superior particle monodispersity; the efficiency of UCNPs in single-molecule resonance energy transfer experiments was estimated; protocols for single-molecule imaging with UCNPs were developed; and a proof-of-concept system for targeted single-molecule tracking with UCNPs in live cells was demonstrated. Overall, these findings will serve as a foundation towards robust SMM assays based on UCNPs
Jouchet, Pierre. "Microscopie super-résolue tridimensionnelle par modulation du signal de fluorescence de molécules uniques." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASP005.
Full textThree-dimensional imaging by localization of single molecules (SMLM) makes it possible to obtain resolutions of a few tens of nanometers, but still has certain limitations related in particular to non-uniform axial precision and a depth of observation often limited to the first micron of the sample. We propose here a new approach to single molecule localization, called ModLoc, which is based on the modulation and demodulation of the fluorescence signal of single molecules through the use of structured and time-modulated excitation. First, we present the fundamentals of SMLM imaging and the current limitations of this field. The subtleties of this new localization principle are then detailed and show a theoretical gain in precision by a factor of 3. Temporal emission studies of fluorescent probes in SMLM imaging reveal the need to integrate fast optical solutions (close to kHz). Experimental validation of the precision gain is demonstrated by the implementation of two optical devices. We choose to apply this principle in order to improve the accuracy of axial localization of fluorescent molecules. The results obtained show a uniform localization precision of 7.5 nm and up to 7 microns in depth on calibration samples and biological samples. The robustness of the method for in-depth MMS imaging is also demonstrated thanks in particular to acquisitions carried out at a depth of 30 µm in aberrant media. Various ways of improving the current device as well as the extension of this modulated localization approach to the observation of other quantities such as the life time and orientation of fluorescent molecules are proposed
Thédié, Daniel. "Caractérisation de protéines fluorescentes photoconvertibles pour la microscopie super-résolution par localisation de molécules uniques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV041.
Full textFluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for the observation of biological specimens and the understanding of molecular processes. The last two decades have seen tremendous advances in the field, notably with the development of “super-resolution” techniques, which allow the observation of structures smaller than the diffraction limit of visible light (~200 nm). One of the most popular of these techniques is Photoactivated Localisation Microscopy (PALM), which uses Phototransformable Fluorescent Proteins (PTFPs) to image single molecules and localise them with 10-20 nm precision. PTFPs are proteins from the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) family, which not only produce fluorescence, but can also undergo light-induced reactions such as fluorescence activation or change in emission color. These specific properties are at the base of PALM, since they allow stochastic temporal separation of the fluorescence events and imaging of sparse single-molecules. The fact that PALM deals with single molecules prompted the development of a variety of applications, among which single-particle tracking PALM (sptPALM) and quantitative PALM (qPALM). These advanced applications already provide amazing insights into biological phenomena, but their use remains challenging. One of the reasons for this is the complex photophysical behaviour of PTFPs, beyond the transormations that are useful for PALM imaging.Therefore, this thesis focused on characterising the light-induced reactions occurring in Photoconvertible Fluorescent Proteins (PCFPs, some of the most popular PALM markers) with the aim of improving single-particle tracking and quantitative approaches in PALM. In particular, the work was directed to the understanding of transient losses of fluorescence, known as blinking, that are detrimental to PALM experiments. After a thorough characterisation of light-induced reactions in both the green and the red form of the investigated PCFPs, a strategy was proposed to alleviate blinking and the artefacts it produces. Finally, insights were given into the application of this strategy to improve a qPALM experiment.This work constitutes an further step towards a better understanding of PCFPs photophysics, and improved extraction of quantitative information from PALM datasets
Harlepp, Sébastien. "Etude des structures secondaires de molécules uniques d'ARN post et en cours de transcription." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13062.
Full textIn the 80th, people working on RNA discovered that some of them had some biological properties. This properties were at that time only attributed to proteins. Since that many other RNA with properties has been discovered, and the correlation between function and structure has been shown. In that work we built some new techniques to define the structures. The first tool built was based on mechanical denaturation. This denaturation were obtained by optical tweezers, the signature of such denaturation is directly related to structure. The second setup build was to follow the folding during transcription by using evanescent wave microscopy. This two techniques were completed by some numerical simulations
Cabillic, Marine. "Caractérisation de l'organisation et du trafic de paires récepteur/anticorps thérapeutiques par microscopie de localisation de molécules uniques couplée au criblage à haut débit." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BORD0026.
Full textImmuno-oncology is a young and growing field at the frontier of cancer therapy. Immuno-oncology therapies aim to stimulate the body's immune system to target and attack the tumor through therapeutic antibodies, by binding and modifying the intracellular signaling of T-cells (lymphocytes playing a central role in the immune response) surface receptors. Understanding how the spatial organization of receptors and signaling proteins is regulated and how it determines lymphocyte activation and cell fate decisions has become a ‘holy grail’ for cellular immunology. To achieve this goal, a better comprehension of antibodies functions and subcellular trafficking is requested to explain the differential efficacies of therapeutic candidates targeting receptors of interest. Quantitative super-resolution microscopy provides access to the nanoscale organization of membrane receptors playing a physiological role. It offers a new investigation tool for antibody optimization as well as maximizing their functional efficacy. In combination with high throughput screening techniques, it has the potential to play a crucial role in the early phases of projects in which it is necessary to select the best antibodies from banks that may contain several hundred of them. The goal of this PhD thesis was to functionally characterize receptor/antibodies pairs organization and trafficking by quantitative single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) combined with high content screening (HCS). In this context, we have developed and used an HCS-SMLM platform to characterize multiple antibodies targeting T-cell membrane receptors, allowing gathering unprecedented quantitative insight of potential therapeutic candidates. We also optimized the single objective light-sheet microscope (soSPIM) to permit 3D mapping of membrane receptors across an entire T-cell, with single molecule resolution. It allows 3D nanoscale imaging of T-cells in more physiological conditions, and provide complementary information compared to large scale single molecule screening experiments. Altogether, these developments improved our comprehension of antibody mode of action on receptors at the single cell level. Large-scale experiments performed during this work required the development of several software for the automation of the acquisition and the statistical analysis of the Terabytes of single molecule data generated.This project is focused on targeting PD-1, a control point of the immune system involved in the modulation of immune cells activation. The first part of the thesis was mainly devoted to the implementation of new protocols for PD-1 receptors super-resolution imaging on activated Jurkat cells. In the second part, we further investigated the impact of known anti-PD-1 therapeutic antibodies used in clinics, on the nanoscale spatial organization and dynamics of PD-1 receptors in living cells using our HCS-SMLM platform. This work provides the proof of concept of the capacity of these cutting-edge imaging techniques to characterize quantitatively different therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1 on T-cell membrane
Jaffiol, Rodolphe. "Spectroscopie optique de nano-objets individuels." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112223.
Full textSingle nanoobjects were studied by hyperspectral optical imaging, which associates a scanning confocal microscope with an optical spectroscopy unit. We choose to perform fluorescence spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. At room temperature, such spectroscopic approach has proven to be well adapted to study two different nanoobjects, as single molecules and carbon nanotubes. Our Raman imaging set-up is an efficient tool to localize different chemical species in a sample. Thus, we recorded the first Raman spectra of new carbon species, single wall carbon nanotubes which encapsulated several perylene molecules or dimetallofullernes (peapods). For peapods, we demonstrate from Raman spectre a charge transfer process between the nanotubes and the metallofullerenes, and in many cases their polymerization inside the tubes. Metallic nanostructured surfaces are usually required in this kind of experiments. In fact, we observed an enhancement of the Raman scattering with these surfaces, high enough to record the Raman scattering from a single nanoobject in few seconds. Also, they improve the spatial selection of the confocal microscope, that permit the selection of single nanoobjects. In this way, we studied single molecules and single carbone nanotubes. Then, I bring out some characteristics of the enhancement process. In particular, this enhancement is only efficient at the vicinity of the nanostructure. The surface morphology of the nanostructure must also exhibit some protrusions, or interstices
Linarès-Loyez, Jeanne. "Développement de la microscopie par auto-interférences pour l'imagerie super-résolue tridimensionnelle au sein de tissus biologiques épais." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0167/document.
Full textThe work of this thesis was devoted to the development of a new technique SELFI (for self-interferences). This method unlocks the three-dimensional localization of individual fluorescent emitters. We have demonstrated that this allows 3D super-resolved imaging and 3D tracking of single molecules deep into dense and complex biological samples. The SELFI technique is based on the use of self-referenced interference to go back to the 3D location of a emitter in a single measurement. These interferences are generated using a diffraction grating placed at the exit of the fluorescence microscope: the fluorescence signal diffracts on the grating and, after a short propagation, the orders interfere on the detector. The formed interferences are digitally decoded to extract the 3D location of a fluorescent molecule within the sample. A single molecule can thus be localized with a precision of approximatively ten nanometers up to a depth of at least 50 µm in a thick living biological sample (for example a biological tissue).By combining the SELFI method with different super-resolution techniques (PALM, dSTORM and uPAINT), we show that this three-dimensional localization method grants the access to the hierarchy and organization of proteins in biological objects. By performing SELFI-PALM, we observed different proteins of the adhesion focal points (talin C-terminal and paxilin) and found the expected elevation differences, and those within living cell samples. These results confirm the resolution capability of the SELFI technique (about 25 nm) even for a small number of photons collected (about 500photons per molecule).We highlight the robustness of the SELFI technique by reconstructing 3D super-resolution images of dense structures at depth in complex tissue samples. By performing SELFI-dSTORM, we observed the actin network in cells grown on the surface of the coverslip at first, and at different depths (25 and 50 microns) within artificial tissues in a second time.3D single particle tracking has also been performed in living biological tissues. We observed the free diffusion of quantum dots at different depths (up to 50 microns) in living brain slices.We applied the SELFI technique to the detection of NMDA postsynaptic receptors. We observed, in primary culture of neurons but also within slices of rat brains, a difference in organization between the two subunits GluN2A and GluN2B of this glutamate receptor.Finally, we show the importance of following the evolution of the living biological sample environment during the acquisition of images leading to detections of single molecules. Thanks to the additional and simultaneous use of quantitative phase imaging, we were able to study cell membrane dynamics during the activation by a growth factor. The correlative analysis between white light quantitative phase images and single fluorescent molecule detections provides new relevant information on the sample under study
Milhiet, Elodie. "Nanospectroscopie de molécules d’intérêt biologique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112150.
Full textSingle-molecule-like spectroscopy plays a major role in many domains, from fundamental physics to biology. In this framework, my dissertation focuses on instrumental and theoretical developments of two biological-related applications. The first experiment aims at characterizing the dynamics of calcium binding by the fluorescent calcium probe Oregon-green Bapta5N commonly employed in cell signaling analysis. To achieve it, I have developed an experimental set-up of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy that exhibits sensitivity close to that of single-molecule detection. Either monophotonic or biphotonic excitations can be used. I have investigated the several aspects of the photophysics of the probe and evaluated the interest and limitations of such an approach for future in-vivo measurements. The second one is devoted to the development of a semi-quantitative Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) technique for mapping gene expression in the adult drosophila brain. Two difficulties have to be solved. First, we succeeded in obtaining reproducible results with drosophila adult brain. Secondly, while most of the FISH protocols are not quantitative since they need a strong enzymatic, we achieved semi-quantitative detection of RNA probes. I will present results on a new approach for which enzymatic detection is replaced by a sensitive detection and a protocol which reduces autofluorescence contribution. Results will be presented for several genes in adult drosophila brain to validate the methods as well as an interesting application on a mental retardation disease. To conclude, I show that the method exhibits a single RNA sensitivity which opens the way to new applications
El, Beheiry Mohamed Hossam. "Towards whole-cell mapping of single-molecule dynamics." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066618/document.
Full textImaging of single molecules inside living cells confers insight to biological function at its most granular level. Single molecules experience a nanoscopic environment that is complicated, and in general, poorly understood. The modality of choice for probing this environment is live-cell localisation microscopy, where trajectories of single molecules can be captured. For many years, the great stumbling block in comprehension of physical processes at this scale was the lack of information accessible; statistical significance and robust assertions are hardly possible from a few dozen trajectories. It is the onset of high-density single-particle tracking that has dramatically reframed the possibilities of such studies. Importantly, the consequential amounts of data it provides invites the use of powerful statistical tools that assign probabilistic descriptions to experimental observations. In this thesis, Bayesian inference tools have been developed to elucidate the behaviour of single molecules via the mapping of motion parameters. As a readout, maps describe heterogeneities at local and whole-cell scales. Importantly, they grant quantitative details into basic cellular processes. This thesis uses the mapping approach to study receptor-scaffold interactions inside neurons and non-neuronal cells. A promising system in which interactions are patterned is also examined. It is shown that interactions of different types of chimeric glycine receptors to the gephyrin scaffold protein may be described and distinguished in situ. Finally, the prospects of whole-cell mapping in three-dimensions are evaluated based on a discussion of state-of-the-art volumetric microscopy techniques
Soule, Pierre. "Etude des mécanismes de translocation des peptides pénétrateurs de cellules (cpp) à l'aide de techniques biophysiques." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066563/document.
Full textGene therapy relies on an efficient and specific delivery of drugs into targeted cells. For this purpose, the use of carriers that will help the drugs to cross the membrane, without introducing deleterious effect due to the membrane disruption, are promising. A family of such carriers is known as Cell Penetrating Peptides (CPPs). These peptides are short, about ten amino acids, and often cationic. They are able to translocate through the membrane with different cargos and deliver them into the cytosol. However the mechanisms are still, to a great extent, unknown. We used three biophysical techniques to gain insights into the mechanisms leading to the translocation of a CPP. i) We found the heparan sulfates to be the strongest partner of the CPP penetratin at the cell surface. This adhesion has been pointed out using the Biomembrane Force Probe, a force measuring tool. ii) We evidenced the translocation of penetratin through the lipid bilayer (without any cell mechanism) as long as it contains enough negatively charged lipids. This has been carried out using model bilayers formed at the interface between droplets generated by an inverted emulsion: water in an oil and lipid mixture. iii) To view the translocation of CPPs at the single molecule level we developed a total internal reflection fluorescence microscope (TIRFM) on a suspended bilayer
Book chapters on the topic "Microscopie de molécules uniques"
"3 Études mécaniques sur molécules uniques : considérations générales." In Physique et biologie : de la molécule au vivant, 53–74. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0896-0-006.
Full text"3 Études mécaniques sur molécules uniques : considérations générales." In Physique et biologie : de la molécule au vivant, 53–74. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-0896-0.c006.
Full text"3. Atomes et photons uniques : échange d’information quantique." In Atomes, ions, molécules ultrafroids et technologies quantiques, 51–74. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-2510-3.c006.
Full textRIGNEAULT, Hervé, and Julien DUBOISSET. "Imagerie Raman cohérente." In Spectroscopies vibrationnelles, 273–88. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.4204.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Microscopie de molécules uniques"
AUDEBERT, Pierre. "Nouvelles tétrazines aux propriétés spectroscopiques uniques ; Leur application à la révélation des empreintes digitales." In Les journées de l'interdisciplinarité 2022. Limoges: Université de Limoges, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/lji.654.
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