Academic literature on the topic 'Micropump-based System'
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Journal articles on the topic "Micropump-based System"
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Khaustov, A. I., G. G. Boyarsky, and K. V. Krotov. "Designing of a Micropump System for Circulatory Support." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics 25, no. 5 (November 28, 2022): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2022-25-5-104-112.
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Introduction. Support systems currently used in modern cardiac surgery to provide partial or complete, permanent or temporary replacement of cardiac function are frequently characterized by large dimensions, thus requiring major surgical interventions. Low invasiveness can be ensured by reducing the size of the implanted part of such systems, allowing these devices to be inserted through the femoral artery.Aim. Development of a minimally invasive micropump system to support blood circulation.Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of implementation of micropump circulatory support systems (MCSS), the configuration, operational principles and main components of such a system were determined. When designing a micropump, as a unit defining the weight and size parameters of the entire system, numerical and experimental methods were used to optimize its flow path based on the condition of minimizing blood injury and thrombus formation. The lubrication and cooling system was developed by solving the thermodynamic problem of heat removal. The electronic control unit was developed on the basis of accumulated experience in the design and operation of control units for circulatory support systems.Results. A micropump with a diameter of 6.5 mm and a length of 43 mm with the required hydro- and hemodynamic parameters was designed. The device ensures minimal trauma and thrombus formation. The main MCSS parameters, as well as its main components (electric drives, lubrication and cooling systems), were defined. The configuration and operational principles of the electronic control unit (ECU), consisting in a microprocessor-based control system with feedback, were developed. The ECU built-in software manages the rotational speed of the electric drives of the micropump and coolant supply pump in the required range. In addition, the software is used to measure, display and register the MCSS operational parameters, as well as to monitor their operation in the required ranges and to exchange data between the ECU and the PC.Conclusion. All the necessary documentation for the MCSS nodes and components was prepared. These nodes and components ensure the hydro- and hemodynamic parameters required for the use of the developed minimally invasive micropump system. Future work will address the stages of MCSS assembly and debugging.
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Ni, Jun Hui, Bei Zhi Li, and Jian Guo Yang. "A MEMS-Based PDMS Micropump Utilizing Electromagnetic Actuation and Planar In-Contact Check Valves." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1574.
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This paper presents a novel low-cost poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) micropump with simple planar design featuring use of compliant in-contact check valves for reliable operation and easy system integration. The micropump mainly consists of two PDMS functional layers: one through-opening layer incorporating the planar in-contact check valves, pump chamber and flow channels, and the other thin membrane layer covering the chamber with a miniature permanent magnet on top for actuation. A special clamping molding technique was used to fabricate the through-opening functional layer, with which the flap-stopper based planar check valve was manipulated to contact each other enabling the minimized leakage flow. The micropump was then characterized by investigating the dependence of pumping flow rate on the driving frequency and backpressure. Testing results exhibit that the micropump is able to produce a flow rate at least of 3.0 μL/min, and work reliably against a backpressure of 1900 Pa, demonstrating the feasibility of this micropump for potential use in various lab-on-a-chip systems.
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Jin, Wenzui, Yimin Guan, Qiushi Wang, Peng Huang, Qin Zhou, Kun Wang, and Demeng Liu. "A Smart Active Phase-Change Micropump Based on CMOS-MEMS Technology." Sensors 23, no. 11 (May 30, 2023): 5207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115207.
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The rational integration of many microfluidic chips and micropumps remains challenging. Due to the integration of the control system and sensors in active micropumps, they have unique advantages over passive micropumps when integrated into microfluidic chips. An active phase-change micropump based on complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor–microelectromechanical system (CMOS-MEMS) technology was fabricated and studied theoretically and experimentally. The micropump structure is simple and consists of a microchannel, a series of heater elements along the microchannel, an on-chip control system, and sensors. A simplified model was established to analyze the pumping effect of the traveling phase transition in the microchannel. The relationship between pumping conditions and flow rate was examined. Based on the experimental results, the maximum flow rate of the active phase-change micropump at room temperature is 22 µL/min, and long-term stable operation can be achieved by optimizing heating conditions.
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Wang, Bao Wei, Xiang Cheng Chua, and Long Tu Li. "A Piezoelectric Micropump Based on MEMS Fabrication." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 215–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.215.
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This paper presents a valve-less micropump which is actuated by a piezoelectric ceramic chip. We employ a microelectromechanical system process for the silicon substrate and anodic bonding for assembly of the Pyrex glass and silicon wafer. The reciprocating type micropump contains two nozzle/diffuser elements and a silicon membrane with an embedded piezoelectric ceramic actuator.
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Wieczorek, Marcin, Paweł Kościelniak, Paweł Świt, Justyna Paluch, and Joanna Kozak. "Solenoid micropump-based flow system for generalized calibration strategy." Talanta 133 (February 2015): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2014.04.053.
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Leu, Tzong-Shyng, and Ruei-Hung Kao. "Design and operation of a bio-inspired micropump based on blood-sucking mechanism of mosquitoes." Modern Physics Letters B 32, no. 12n13 (May 10, 2018): 1840027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984918400274.
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The study is to develop a novel bionic micropump, mimicking blood-suck mechanism of mosquitos with a similar efficiency of 36%. The micropump is produced by using micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology, PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) to fabricate the microchannel, and an actuator membrane made by Fe-PDMS. It employs an Nd-FeB permanent magnet and PZT to actuate the Fe-PDMS membrane for generating flow rate. A lumped model theory and the Taguchi method are used for numerical simulation of pulsating flow in the micropump. Also focused is to change the size of mosquito mouth for identifying the best waveform for the transient flow processes. Based on computational results of channel size and the Taguchi method, an optimization actuation waveform is identified. The maximum pumping flow rate is 23.5 [Formula: see text]L/min and the efficiency is 86%. The power density of micropump is about 8 times of that produced by mosquito’s suction. In addition to using theoretical design of the channel size, also combine with Taguchi method and asymmetric actuation to find the optimization actuation waveform, the experimental result shows the maximum pumping flowrate is 23.5 [Formula: see text]L/min and efficiency is 86%, moreover, the power density of micropump is 8 times higher than mosquito’s.
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Liu, Yiqun, Qi Yu, Xiaojin Luo, Le Ye, Li Yang, and Yue Cui. "A Microtube-Based Wearable Closed-Loop Minisystem for Diabetes Management." Research 2022 (October 27, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9870637.
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Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease with a high blood glucose level, leading to both seriously acute and chronic complications. The closed-loop system is an ideal system for diabetes management. However, the large size and high cost of the commercial systems restrict their widespread uses. Here, we present for the first time a microtube-based wearable closed-loop minisystem for diabetes management. The closed-loop minisystem includes a biosensing device, an electroosmotic micropump, and a printed circuit board (PCB) with an algorithm. The microtube-based sensing device coated on the outer surface of the microtube is inserted into subcutaneous tissue for detecting interstitial glucose; the current signal for sensing glucose is processed by the PCB to power the electroosmotic micropump intelligently for the delivery of insulin into the subcutaneous tissue via the microtube channel. The closed-loop minisystem worn on a diabetic SD rat can successfully maintain its blood glucose level within a safe level. It is expected that this new closed-loop paradigm could open up new prospects for clinical diabetes management.
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Chen, He, Xiaodan Miao, Hongguang Lu, Shihai Liu, and Zhuoqing Yang. "High-Efficiency 3D-Printed Three-Chamber Electromagnetic Peristaltic Micropump." Micromachines 14, no. 2 (January 19, 2023): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020257.
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This paper describes the design and characteristics of a three-chamber electromagnetic-driven peristaltic micropump based on 3D-printing technology. The micropump is composed of an NdFeB permanent magnet, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film, a 3D-printing pump body, bolts, electromagnets and a cantilever valve. Through simulation analysis and experiments using a single chamber and three chambers, valved and valveless, as well as different starting modes, the results were optimized. Finally, it is concluded that the performance of the three-chamber valved model is optimal under synchronous starting conditions. The measurement results show that the maximum output flow and back pressure of the 5 V, 0.3 A drive source are 2407.2 μL/min and 1127 Pa, respectively. The maximum specific flow and back pressure of the micropump system are 534.9 μL/min∙W and 250.4 Pa/W, respectively.
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Shoji, Eiichi. "Fabrication of a diaphragm micropump system utilizing the ionomer-based polymer actuator." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 237 (December 2016): 660–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.06.153.
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Gallah, Nader, Nizar Habbachi, and Kamel Besbes. "Design and modelling of droplet based microfluidic system enabled by electroosmotic micropump." Microsystem Technologies 23, no. 12 (April 10, 2017): 5781–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-017-3414-9.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Micropump-based System"
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Van, der Merwe Schalk Willem. "A MEMS based valveless micropump for biomedical applications." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4230.
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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The valveless micropump holds great potential for the biomedical community in applications such as drug delivery systems, blood glucose monitoring and many others. It is also a critical component in many a lab-on-a-chip device, which in turn promises to improve our treatment and diagnosis capabilities for diseases such as diabetes, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS. The valveless micropump has attracted attention from researchers on the grounds of its simple design, easy manufacturability and sensitive fluid handling characteristics, which are all important in biomedical applications. The pump consists of a pump chamber with a diffuser and nozzle on opposing sides of the pump chamber. The flow into the diffuser and nozzle is induced by an oscillating piezoelectric disc located on top of the pump chamber. The nozzle and diffuser rectify the flow in one direction, due to different pressure loss coefficients. The design process however is complex. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of a diffuser / nozzle based micropump using detailed computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analyses. Significant parameters are derived using the Buckingham-Pi theorem. In part based on this, the respective shapes of the diffuser and of the nozzle of the micropump are selected for numerical investigation. Hence the influence of the selected parameters on the flow rate of the micropump is studied using three-dimensional transient CFD analyses. Velocity profiles from the CFD simulations are also compared to the Jeffery-Hamel solution for flow in a wedge shaped channel. Significant similarities exist between the data and the predicted Jeffery-Hamel velocity profiles near the exit of the diffuser. Three different diffuser geometries were simulated at three frequencies. The flow rate and direction of flow are shown to be highly sensitive to inlet and outlet diffuser shapes, with the absolute flow rate varying by as much as 200% for the geometrical perturbations studied. Entrance losses at both the diffuser inlet and nozzle inlet appear to dominate the flow resistance at extremely laminar flow conditions with the average Reynolds number of Reave ≈ 500.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die kleplosemikropomp hou groot potensiaal in vir die biomediese gemeenskap in toepassings soos medisyne dosering sisteme, bloed glukose monitering en baie ander. Dit is ook ’n kritiese komponent in “lab-on-chip” sisteme, wat beloof om die behandeling en diagnose van siektes soos suikersiekte, tuberkulose enMIV/VIGS te verbeter. Die kleplose mikropomp het tot dusver die aandag van navorsers geniet as gevolg van sy eenvoudige ontwerp, maklike vervaardiging en sensitiewe vloeistof hantering. Hierdie kenmerke is krities inmenige biomediese toepassings. Die pomp bestaan uit ’n pompkamer met ’n diffusor en ’n mondstuk aan teenoorstaande kante van die pompkamer. Vloei in die diffusor en mondstuk in word geinduseer deur ’n ossillerende piëso-elektiese skyf wat bo-op die pompkamer geleë is. Weens verskillende druk verlies koëffisinëte van die diffusor en diemondstuk word die vloei in een rigting gerig. Die ontwerp-proses is egter kompleks. In hierdie studie word die eienskappe van die diffusor /mondstuk ondersoek deur gebruik temaak van gedetailleerde numeriese vloei-dinamiese analises. Belangrike parameters word afgelei deur gebruik te maak van die Buckingham-Pi teorema. Gedeeltelik gebaseer hierop word die onderskeidelike vorms van die diffusor en die mondstuk van die mikropomp geselekteer vir numeriese ondersoek. Gevlolglik word die invloed van die geselekteerde parameters op die vloei tempo van diemikropomp ondersoek deur gebruik temaak van drie-dimensionele tyd afhanklike numeriese vloei-dinamiese analises. Snelheids profiele van hierdie simulasiesword vergelykmet die Jeffrey-Hamel oplossing vir die vloei in ’n wigvormige kanaal. Daar is oorwegende ooreenkomstighede tussen hierdie data en die voorspelde Jeffrey-Hamel snelheids profiele veral by die uitgang van die diffusor. Drie verskillende diffusor vorms is by drie frekwensies gesimuleer. Daar is bewys dat die vloei tempo en vloeirigting baie sensitief is vir inlaat- en uitlaat diffusor vorms en dat die absolute vloei tempo kan varieermet soveel as 200%vir die geometriese versteuringswat ondersoek is. Inlaat verliese by beide die diffusor inlaat en die mondstuk inlaat, blyk om die vloei weerstand te domineer waar die vloei uiters laminêr ismet ’n gemiddelde Reynolds getal van Regem ≈ 500
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Jenke, Christoph Werner [Verfasser], Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Kutter, Christoph [Gutachter] Kutter, Roland [Gutachter] Zengerle, and Georg [Gutachter] Düsberg. "Performance and reliabiltity of micropump based liquid dosing systems / Christoph Werner Jenke ; Gutachter: Christoph Kutter, Roland Zengerle, Georg Düsberg ; Akademischer Betreuer: Christoph Kutter ; Universität der Bundeswehr München, Fakultät für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik." Neubiberg : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität der Bundeswehr München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1183735677/34.
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Vinaya, Kumar K. B. "Design, Development and Performance Study of Microneedle & Micropump-based Transdermal Drug Delivery System." Thesis, 2015. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4092.
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Transdermal drug delivery is the most preferred drug delivery method, due to its high efficiency and less side effects. In conventional transdermal drug delivery, the delivery of macromolecular drugs (ex: Insulin, vaccines etc.) is limited by skin barrier. Several possible approaches have been proposed to overcome this limitation (chemical, electrical, ultrasound, microneedle etc.). Among these, the microneedle approach is considered as one of the best method to improve the effective delivery of drug. These microneedles penetrate into the outermost skin layers namely stratum corneum and epidermis. The thickness of the above mentioned skin layers will impose the constraints on the design of microneedle for the successful delivery of drug. On the other hand, along with the microneedle, the micropump is one more important functional module essential for a continuous drug delivery application such as insulin delivery for diabetic patients.
The aim of the present work is to improve the transdermal drug delivery using microneedle and micropump technology. Details on the fabrication, evaluation of both solid and hollow microneedle structures have been presented. Issues such as penetration reliability, liquid delivery into the skin and microneedle packaging are also discussed. Peristaltic micropump was developed to achieve a controlled flow of drug through the microneedle array. The developed micropump was successfully characterized to meet the typical drug delivery pump requirements such as: fail-safe mechanisms, adequate delivery of drug against blood pressure, ease of tubing and flow control over wide range. The micropump was integrated with necessary electronics and characterized for the complete drug delivery operation. Finally, the microneedle and micropump
-based system was tested and studied in vivo for insulin delivery. Results obtained were compared with the standard subcutaneous delivery with the same dose rate and found that they are in good agreement. The thesis is divided into seven chapters.
Chapter 1
The present chapter discusses a general brief introduction along with literature survey about microneedle and micropump for drug delivery applications. Information on fabrication of the microneedle array using different methods and their characterization to improve the transdermal drug delivery has been discussed. It also includes the information on the usage of micropump in drug delivery application.
Chapter 2
This chapter discusses the design, fabrication and characterization of cup shaped solid silicon microneedle array for leak proof drug delivery application. The mechanical stability of the fabricated microneedle to insert into the skin has been studied. The drug filled cup shaped microneedles were inserted into mice skin and drug dissolution was confirmed using fluorescence imaging technique.
Chapter 3
In this chapter, details on the fabrication of out-of-plane Si microneedle array using both isotropic and anisotropic etching processes has been presented. The fabricated microneedles were coated with Ti by sputtering and Au by electroplating method to make it suitable for implantable bio-devices. The mechanical failure mechanism of the microneedles was experimented using the in-house developed experimental setup. Fluid flow through the microneedle array was studied for different inlet pressures.
Chapter 4
Development of a tapered hollow stainless steel microneedle array using femto second laser machining process has been presented in this chapter. The mechanical stability of the fabricated microneedle array was studied for axial and transverse loading. The skin histology was carried out to study the microneedle penetration into the rat skin. Fluid flow through the microneedle array was studied for different inlet pressures. Information on the packaging of the microneedle array to protect the microneedle bore blockage from dust and other atmospheric contamination has also been included.
Chapter 5
This chapter reports on the design, development, testing and precision flow controlling of the peristaltic pump. A geared DC-motor was used to drive the fluid filled silicone tube to achieve the squeezing action. Variation of the flow rate due to different back pressures has been studied. The fail-safe property of the developed pump showed a low leak rate of ~ 0.14 % for a maximum inlet pressure of 140 kPa. Finally, the precision flow controlling was achieved by close-loop controlling of the DC motor driven peristaltic pump.
Chapter 6
This chapter discusses the integration of important sub-systems (microneedle, micropump and necessary electronics) for the minimally invasive, continuous and precision insulin delivery system. Using this microneedle and micropump-based system, successfully delivered insulin into a diabetic rat. The results obtained were comparable with the subcutaneous delivery of insulin with the same dose rate.
Chapter 7
In this chapter, the first section summarizes the salient features of the work presented in this thesis. The last section reports a scope for carrying out further work.
Conference papers on the topic "Micropump-based System"
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Li, Jia-Hao, Wai-Hong Kan, Ling-Sheng Jang, and Yi-Chu Hsu. "A Portable Micropump System Based on Piezoelectric Actuation." In IECON 2007. 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2007.4460045.
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Johari, Juliana, and Burhanuddin Yeop Majlis. "MEMS-based piezoelectric micropump for precise liquid handling." In 2012 International Conference on System Engineering and Technology (ICSET). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsengt.2012.6339327.
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Yang, Lung-Jieh, Tzu-Yuan Lin, and Yu-Cheng Ou. "A Thermopneumatic Valveless Micropump With PDMS-Based Nozzle/Diffuser Structure for Microfluidic System." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52352.
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A thermopneumatic valveless micropump with a PDMS-based nozzle/diffuser structure was firstly designed and realized herein by stacking three layers of PDMS on a glass slide. Unlike the conventional peristaltic pumping configuration, the new structure of the micropump consists of only one set of heater on the glass slide, a thermopneumatic actuation chamber, and an actuation diaphragm. Additionally, it includes a flowing channel with nozzle/diffuser structure and inlet/outlet ports. In this valveless microchannel, fluid is driven by asymmetric flow resistance produced from the nozzle and diffuser configuration. The actuation diaphragm between the gas-pneumatic chamber and the flowing channel can bend up and down due to the gas expansion as well as the thermal buckling of the PDMS diaphragm imposed from the heating in the gas-pneumatic actuation chamber.
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Cheng, Yih-Lin, Yu-Shen Shen, and Jiang-Hong Lin. "Manufacture of Propulsion Systems for Micro Underwater Vehicles." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95259.
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Underwater vehicles have been used in many ocean exploration and rescue applications. Recent researches are trending toward the vehicle’s application in smaller regions. As size of the parts decreases, challenges exist in the manufacturing of critical components which are hard to obtain commercially. This paper focuses on developing the propulsion systems of the micro underwater vehicle, and exploring the feasibility of the manufacturing. The target hull size of the micro underwater vehicle that the propulsion systems use is less than 50×30×30mm. In this research, two types of propulsion systems, propeller-type and jet-type, were investigated. In the propeller-type propulsion system, a propeller with the selected electric motor was designed to generate sufficient thrust, and the blade section was based on NACA four-digit airfoils. The outer diameter of the propeller is 25 mm with a minimum blade thickness of 0.9 mm. The thin 3D blade geometry is hard to achieve by traditional manufacturing approaches. As a result, Shape Deposition Manufacturing (SDM) process, a layered manufacturing technique, was used to generate the complex 3D propeller. The thrust performance of the fabricated propeller was also compared with the theoretical thrust. The jet-type propulsion system utilized the concept of piezoelectric-actuated valveless micro-pump, and a special design with 3 inlets from the side and one outlet in the back was implemented in order to satisfy the micro underwater vehicle application. The 3D geometry of the channel with minimum width of 80 μm creates great challenges in fabrication and poses difficulty when done by traditional micro fabrication techniques. SDM process is also applied to manufacture the chamber and channels of the micropump. The piezoelectric buzzer was attached to the fabricated valveless micropump chamber for testing back pressure and flow rate. This research provides solutions to manufacture propeller-type and jet-type propulsion systems for micro underwater vehicle applications. SDM process was proved to be the suitable approach to generate small complex 3D propellers and a pre-assembled valveless micropump structure with micro channels.
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Cesmeci, Sevki, Rubayet Hassan, and Mark Thompson. "A Proof-of-Concept Study of a Magnetorheological Micropump." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-96174.
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Abstract In this paper, we studied a flap valve micro-fluidic pump that relies on an electromagnetic actuation mechanism. The upper wall pump chamber is made of a smart material called magnetorheological elastomer (MRE). Under a magnetic field, the upper wall contracts, and the amount of contraction depends on the intensity of the applied magnetic field, which can be controlled via electromagnets. Moreover, flap valves mounted inside this micropump can convey fluids unidirectionally. A Finite Element Analysis (FEA)/Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based approach was embraced for the design of the device due to the coupled electromagnetic-fluid-structural interactions in the device. Simulations were carried out in COMSOL Multiphysics software. The performance characteristics of the pump were presented and discussed. In addition, a parametric study was conducted to see the effects of important design parameters on the net pumped volume, results of which were also presented and discussed. After the simulation studies, a working prototype pump with a 10.22 × 7.67 × 51.11 mm (W × H × L) was 3D printed. The experimental plan for the working prototype was discussed for further studies. The presented study lays the foundation for future studies where the pump size will be reduced to under 1 mm. The proposed micropump could potentially be used in a broad range of applications, such as an insulin dosing system for Type 1 Diabetic patients, artificial organs to transport blood, organ-on-chip applications, and so on.
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Jeong, Su-Young, Jonathan D. Thorud, Deborah V. Pence, and James A. Liburdy. "Performance Characteristics of a Membrane Driven Variable Flow Rate Micro-Pump." In ASME 3rd International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2005-75208.
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A micropump was developed for a fluidic system that requires fluid transport in the 100+ μL/min flow range. The constraints on the design included the ability to control the flow rate over a reasonable range of flow rates, operate at fairly high pressure loads, and non-contact of the working fluid with the pump actuation system. The design was based on a displacement style pump, actuated by a piezoelectric element, with one-way polymer membrane check valves. The valves provided essentially zero backflow based on the elastic character of the material. Results are presented for three membrane thicknesses, three valve opening diameters, over a range of operating frequencies. The flow rate versus frequency curves show a characteristic trend with three regions of operation, the first a linear region at low frequencies, the second a region of decreasing slope resulting in a maximum flow rate regime and the third a region of reduced flow rate with increasing frequency. Results also show that a suction lift could be overcome with the micropump whose value depends on the valve size. The performance is compared to an ideal case indicating that larger diameter valves with thinner membranes obtain the best performance.
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Laser, Daniel J. "Temporal Modulation of Electroosmotic Micropumps." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13960.
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This paper reports on analytical and experimental studies of transient effects in electroosmotic (EO) micropumps, focusing on an EO micropump operational paradigm of practical importance: the use of variable-duty-cycle square wave driving voltages. Models of transient effects in EO micropumps are evaluated and developed, and load inertia as well as thermal and diffusion effects are considered. Detailed models, based on solutions for electroosmotic flow between infinite parallel plates, are presented for slit capillary array EO micropumps with slit half-width on the order of one micron. Driving typical microfluidic system loads, analysis by analogy to Stokes' second problem predicts pseudosteady electroosmotic flow in these micropumps for input frequencies up to 100 Hz, with attenuation of high-frequency components of square-wave inputs due to load inertial effects. In experiments with slit capillary array electroosmotic micropumps driven by 10 Hz square waves, micropump output is observed to be generally nonlinear with duty cycle, with significant flow rate enhancement relative to constant-voltage operation at duty cycles above 40%. Lateral diffusion during temporary zero-field conditions may lead to a slight increase in time-averaged zeta potential for square-wave-driven EO micropumps.
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Shahinpoor, Mohsen. "Smart Ionic Polymer Conductor Composite Materials as Multifunctional Distributed Nanosensors, Nanoactuators and Artificial Muscles." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79394.
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Basic recent results, properties and characteristics of ionic polymer conductor composites (IPCC) and ionic polymer metal composites (IPMC) as biomimetic distributed nanosensors, nanoactuators, nanotransducers and artificial muscles are briefly discussed in this paper. In particular the paper first starts with some fundamental considerations on biomimetic distributed nanosensing and nanoactuation and then expands its coverage to some recent advances in manufacturing techniques, force optimization, 3-D fabrication of IPMC’s, recent modeling and simulations, sensing and transduction and product development. The paper also covers some recent industrial and medical applications including a multi-fingered grippers (macro, micro, nano), biomimetic robotic fish and caudal fin actuators, diaphragm micropump, multi-string musical instruments, linear actuators made with IPMC’s, IPMC-based data glove and attire, IPMC-based heart compression/assist devices and systems, wing flapping flying system made with IPMC’s and a host of others.
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Nejat, Amir, Farshad Kowsary, Amin Hasanzadeh, and Saman Ebrahimi. "Investigation of an Unsteady Flow Behavior Through a Valveless Microvalve With Step Expansion Shape." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-66310.
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This paper investigates the unsteady characteristics of flow in a specific type of microvalve with sudden expansion shape. The geometry of the channel is such that the flow resistance caused by vortex structures is different in forward and backward flow directions. This introduces the geometry as a good nominee as a microfluidic rectifier with application in micropump systems and MEMS-based devices. A time-varying sinusoidal pressure was set at the inlet of the microchannel to produce unsteadiness and simulate the pumping action. The existence of block obstacle and expansion shoulders leads to various sizes of vortex structures in each flow direction. All simulation results are based on the numerical simulation of two-dimensional, unsteady, incompressible and laminar Navier-Stokes equations using finite element algorithm. Two fundamental parameters are varied to investigate the vortices growth throughout the time: the frequency of the inlet actuating mechanism and the amplitude of the inlet pressure. The frequency of the inlet pressure was varied in the range of 1 Hz to 1000 Hz to cover the frequency range in many micropump applications. In this way, one can see the effect of actuation mechanism on onset of separation and follow the size and duration of the vortex growth. In order to better understand the effect of geometry and frequency on flow field, the pressure contours are studied through one cycle. Finally, Strouhal number is calculated for frequency to obtain a measure of unsteadiness of the flow. A critical value of f = 250Hz is found for St = 1. The obtained results give a deep insight into the physics of unsteady flow in valveless microvalves and lead to better use of current design as a part of microfluidic system.
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Ridgeway, Shane, Junho Song, and Li Cao. "A Selectively Anodic Bonded Micropump for Implantable Medical Drug Delivery Systems." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33551.
Full textAbstract:
Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) fabrication techniques offer a unique solution for implantable medical drug delivery systems. An implantable medical drug delivery system can relieve the pain associated with frequent injections and deliver a localized dosage. An implantable drug delivery system can also avoid contamination and infection better than conventional injection methods (such as intravenous injection). The major advantage of microfabricated drug delivery systems is the possibility of mass production at low cost. A silicon based peristaltically actuated implantable medical drug delivery system consisting of three pumping chambers was microfabricated and tested. The unique features of this microfabricated drug delivery system include the design of a selectively anodic bonded micropump. The selectively anodic bonded Pyrex glass wafer was used to seal the pump chambers and allow for a view of fluid movement. Chromium was used as a selective bonding material. A 20 nm thick chromium film deposited on the top surface of the silicon valves successfully prevented bonding between the valve and the glass wafer. The pump operates with a normally closed valve which consists of a silicon mesa located at the center of each chamber. This mesa makes intimate contact with the glass wafer. Three 180 μm deep and 12 mm diameter circular chambers were etched into the top surface of the silicon wafer using deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) and connected by two 1 mm wide channels. Directly opposite the chambers, three 12 mm diameter circular features were etched 320 μm deep using DRIE to create a 50 μm thick silicon membrane and provide an attachment point for piezoelectric actuating disks. The piezoelectric disks were applied using a conductive silver epoxy. A positive potential was applied to the gold layer that was e-beam deposited on the substrate, with the negative terminal applied to each individual actuator. The three pump chambers were actuated in a peristaltic motion with driving frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 4 Hz and actuation voltages ranging from 10–130 V. The design goal of 10 μL/min was met at driving frequencies of 2 and 4 Hz where the maximum flowrate was 10.1 and 11.4 μL/min for the 2 and 4 Hz actuation frequencies respectively at an actuation voltage of 130 V. The maximum pressure achieved by the pump was 35.8 mmH20 for the 2 and 4 Hz actuation frequencies at an actuation voltage of 130 V.