Academic literature on the topic 'Microplastic pollution'
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Journal articles on the topic "Microplastic pollution"
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Henny, C., D. Rohaningsih, T. Suryono, A. B. Santoso, and A. Waluyo. "Microplastic pollution in the surface water of Lake Singkarak, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1118, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1118/1/012050.
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Abstract Microplastic pollution is already at an “alarming” level in Indonesia’s marine and freshwater ecosystems. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has reported the microplastic occurrence in the lake ecosystem in Indonesia. Lake Singkarak, a big tectonic lake, has been considered one of the priority lakes to be restored. The lake receives a high influx of plastic waste from rivers and catchment runoff. Controlling the outflow through the hydropower dam and the sluice in the main lake outlet may prevent the microplastic’s outflux. The study’s objective was to determine the microplastic first occurrence and abundance in the lake’s surface water. Water samples were collected from three sites in the lake inlet area, one in the intake area of the hydropower dam and one in the outlet area, by performing four parallel trawls in each site using a modified plankton net. The most abundant microplastics in the lake’s surface water were 9 particles/m3 in the lake inlet area, which received a high plastic waste input from the river. The lowest abundance was 2 particles/m3 in the main lake outlet area. Foams and fragments, white and clear in color, size of 300 μm, were the dominant types of microplastics observed. Our preliminary study suggests that the lake could act as a sink of microplastics. Therefore, ceasing the input sources of plastic waste from the river should be prioritized to prevent further microplastic pollution of Lake Singkarak.
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Siahaan, Christina Putri, and Mufti Petala Patria. "Microplastic Abundance in Telebralia at Mangrove Forest Pulau Panjang, Serang-Banten." E3S Web of Conferences 324 (2021): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132401003.
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This research investigated the abundance and the type of microplastic pollution in Telebralia collected at mangrove forest in Pulau Panjang. In total of 60 Telebralia consist of 30 Telebralia palustris and 30 Telebralia sulcata were collected. The soft tissue was extracted with HNO3 65% for 24 hour and mixed with NaCl solution. Samples were observed under binocular microscope and further microplastic analysis was done. Microplastic pollutions were detected in all of 60 species of Telebralia. Most of the microplastic pollutions were fiber. Overall, the average of microplastic abundance in Telebralia at mangrove forest Pulau Panjang was 2117 particles/individual. The number of suspected microplastics found in Terebralia ranged from 1240 to 3420 particles/individual. Telebralia palustris has more microplastic abundance than Telebralia sulcata. This research confirms that microplastic pollutions have infiltrated the marine ecosystem especially mangrove forest. Thus, microplastic pollutions and its effect needs further research.
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Chen, Hanwen, Yinghuan Qin, Hao Huang, and Weiyi Xu. "A Regional Difference Analysis of Microplastic Pollution in Global Freshwater Bodies Based on a Regression Model." Water 12, no. 7 (July 2, 2020): 1889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071889.
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Based on statistical data of the average abundance of microplastics from 37 global freshwater locations up to November 2019, we classified the freshwater bodies according to developments in their local countries and geographic positions. We highlighted the differences and causes of microplastic pollution in the waters of both developed and developing countries and urban and rural areas. The results showed that microplastic pollution was highest in Asia. The pollution in developed countries was significantly lower than in developing countries. The differences in freshwater pollution between urban and rural areas mainly depended on the extent of human activity. The present study found the following phenomena by comprehensively using simple and multiple regression models and a Pearson correlation analysis to solve the impacts of the features, natural factors, and social and economic factors on the distribution of microplastic pollution. The density of microplastics was higher, which promoted the aggregation of microplastics in sediments. Pursuant to that, microplastic pollution was also influenced by the space-time pollution of movable surface sources, such as the soil and air. A population increase and the average gross domestic product (GDP) could also worsen microplastic pollution.
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Ramadan, Attar Hikmahtiar, and Emenda Sembiring. "Occurrence of Microplastic in surface water of Jatiluhur Reservoir." E3S Web of Conferences 148 (2020): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014807004.
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Microplastic is generally defined as synthetic polymers which size less than 5 mm. Based on the latest research, microplastics pollutions have many impacts on the environment and human. Jatiluhur, as one of the biggest freshwater reservoir in Indonesia, has potential to be polluted by microplastics because the water source of this reservoir streamed from Citarum watershed. Citarum River is one of the most polluted river in Indonesia. To find the occurrence of microplastics and to facilitate future policies in order to overcome microplastic pollution which occurs in Jatiluhur Reservoir, a study of microplastic abundance is conducted. Primary data is obtained by using the volume reduced sampling method. Manta trawl is pulled beside a boat for 5 -15 minutes for each sample and flow meter installed onto the mouth of manta trawl to determine the towing distance in surface water. Microplastic abundance in surface water presented in the form of microplastics amounts per unit surface area. Furthermore, microplastic characteristics analyzed with visual analysis, particle density analysis, and polymer analysis using FTIR. Based on seven sampling locations, microplastics have found in Jatiluhur Reservoir ranging from 0.71×104 – 4.59×105 particles/km2. The most type of microplastic found is fragmented polyethylene.
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Teddiman, Rebecca. "Snapshot picture of microplastic pollution in Halifax Regional Municipality." Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 51, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v51i1.10740.
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Microplastic pollution is a pervasive problem. Many species have been found to ingest microplastics and this poses a risk to biodiversity (Fauna and Flora International, 2013). In Nova Scotia, there are few quantitative data on microplastic pollution. As quantifying microplastic pollution has only recently attained attention in Nova Scotia, no standardized methods for collection and analysis have been established. This project, although limited in scope, identified and quantified microplastic pollution on McNabs Island and Lake Banook beaches using established sampling and processing methods. The samples were evaluated using a combination of density separation, microscopic identification and RamanTM spectroscopy. This provided information to compare with other research. Keywords: Biodiversity, Microplastic Filtration SystemTM, Microplastic pollution, Nova Scotia
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Jeong, Wuseong, JungJin Kim, and Hanseok Jeong. "Information Extraction from Unstructured Data on Microplastics through Text Mining." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 45, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2023.45.1.34.
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Objectives:In this study, we seek to provide a thorough insight into how people perceive microplastics and uncover issues and hidden trends about the significant microplastic pollution problems by analyzing unstructured data on microplastics.Methods:Environmental news articles related to microplastics were collected. Text mining techniques including data pre-processing, word cloud, TF-IDF weight-based trend analysis, and LDA topic modeling were used to analyze the amount of textual data.Results and Discussion:The public's interest in microplastics is consistently growing, according to an analysis of all environmental news and the keyword ‘microplastic’ from 2014 to 2021 conducted via BIGKinds. The keyword 'trash' was the overwhelmingly enormous weight among words. The top 5 keywords connected to microplastics did not fade away and continued appearing even though the socially noticeable keywords during the study period varied yearly. This indicates that the primary issue with microplastics related to keywords has not yet been solved. Our study has a limitation of subject diversity because we only focused on microplastic news. The results, however, presented all processes from plastic pollution emergence to treatment, such as microplastic pollution sources, microplastic detection, and prevention methods against microplastics.Conclusion:Text mining analysis was performed on microplastics in environmental news and provided issues and trends on microplastic pollution. This study presents a new methodology for environmental and social problem analysis, suggesting that it could enable a multidimensional understanding of environmental problems and help establish environmental policies.
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Kasamesiri, Pattira, Ruamruedee Panchan, and Wipavee Thaimuangphol. "Spatial–Temporal Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Microplastic Pollution of Inland Fishing Ground in the Ubolratana Reservoir, Thailand." Water 15, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15020330.
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Microplastic pollution has been identified as a potential threat to the aquatic environment and humans globally, with widespread occurrence in ecosystems, including reservoirs that constitute a key role in ecosystem services for humans. However, the evaluation of microplastic pollution in reservoirs is limited, especially in inland fishing ground reservoirs. The spatial and temporal distributions of microplastics in surface water and sediment at 13 stations of the Ubolratana Reservoir, Thailand, were assessed during the wet and dry seasons. The abundance and morphological characteristics of the microplastics were identified and classified by color, shape, size and polymer type. Microplastic abundance in surface water and sediment ranged between 25 and 3363 particles/m3 and 6 and 81 particles/kg, respectively. Seasonal variations impacted microplastic abundance in surface water, while tourism activity in the reservoir also influenced the abundance and morphological characteristics of microplastics. A microplastic risk assessment showed that the pollution load index reached extremely high levels in surface water during the dry season in tourist areas. The results provide a database to assess the risk of microplastic contamination and to monitor plastic pollution in lentic ecosystems, including preserving the health of aquatic habitats.
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Syafei, Arie Dipareza, Nurul Rizki Nurasrin, Abdu Fadli Assomadi, and Rachmat Boedisantoso. "Microplastic Pollution in the Ambient Air of Surabaya, Indonesia." Current World Environment 14, no. 2 (June 8, 2019): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.14.2.13.
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Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 mm in length. Microplastics in the air can be ingested and inhaled by humans. In this work, three sites in a roadside area were investigated for microplastics. Air samples were obtained by sucking air at these three sites into a stainless steel funnel with a vacuum pump. The air went through a filter media to retain any particles, which were then collected and observed with a digital microscope and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) testing. A diversity of microplastic shapes were identified at the sites, including fibres, fragments and films. Pellets were not found at any sites, and fibre was the dominant microplastic shape. The highest microplastic was found in the study site with high traffic volume than at sites with low traffic volume. Microplastic on Urip Sumoharjo street (225,087 units/day) as many as 174.97 particles/m3 and 130.50 particles/m3, Mayjend Sungkono street (132,066 units/day) as many as 131.75 particles/m3 and 68.36 particles/m3, and Embong Malang street (98,017 units/day) as much 94.69 particles/m3 and 55.93 particles/m3. Microplastics from different polymers, such as polyethene terephthalate (PET), polyester and cellophane, were identified. Thus, dust emissions and depositions in the air, on land surfaces, and in aquatic environments are associated with microplastic transportation.
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Choi, Sola, Juhea Kim, and Miyeon Kwon. "The Effect of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Synthetic Fabrics on the Release of Microplastics during Washing and Drying." Polymers 14, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 3384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14163384.
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Synthetic fibers released during washing are the primary source of microplastic pollution. Hence, research on reducing the release of microplastic fibers during washing has recently attracted considerable attention. As a result of previous studies, there is a difference in the amount of microplastic emission according to various types of fabrics. To mitigate the release of microplastics, the study of the reason for the difference in the amount of microplastics is needed. Therefore, this study investigated different synthetic fabrics that release microplastics and the physical properties of the fabrics that affect the release of fibers. Three types of fabrics with different chemical compositions were analyzed. The washing and drying processes were improved by focusing on the mechanical factors that affected microplastic release. Furthermore, based on the mass of the collected microplastic fibers, it was found that the chemical compositions of the fabric can affect the microplastics released during washing and drying. This evaluation of physical properties helped to identify the physical factors that affect microplastic release. These results may provide a basis for reducing microplastic fiber types, thereby minimizing unintended environmental pollution.
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Tomar, Devendra Singh. "Microplastic Pollution in the Shore Sediments of Narmada River Along Jabalpur City." International Journal of Engineering Research in Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IJERMCE) 9, no. 5 (May 18, 2022): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/ijermce/09.05.a009.
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Microplastics, due to their microscopic size, constitute a concern to aquatic species since they are easier to consume and the recent discovery of microplastic in human blood shows that these may also have undisclosed health effects on humans. This study provides microplastic characteristics and abundance of microplastics in the shore sediments of Narmada river flowing along Jabalpur City. The information about the presence of microplastics can be crucial in preventing further pollution and developing management interventions. Sediments samples were collected from 4 sites along a 50 km stretch of the river. Sample pretreatment was performed using ZnCl2 solution for density separation and H2O2 for oxidation of organic material. Microplastics examination was carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Microplastics in the 20-1000 μm size range were found to be more abundant (114-273 MP/Kg) than larger microplastics in the 1-5 mm size range (18-110 MP/Kg). This research presents the first accounts of microplastic pollution in the shore sediments of Narmada River and it emphasizes the need for more in-depth research into microplastic pollution in fresh water sources.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microplastic pollution"
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Fältström, Emma. "Towards the Control of Microplastic Pollution in Urban Waters." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-171095.
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Water pollution has long been considered a challenge in urban areas, and new types of pollution are continuously introduced to society. Urban wastewater and stormwater act as transport pathways of pollution from urban areas to receiving waterways. Microplastics are a new type of pollution that is being highlighted as problematic, and the presence of microplastics is widespread in the environment. The knowledge about behaviour, sources and transport pathways is still limited. Still, there have been suggestions for ways to control microplastic pollution. Moreover, many other pollutants have been introduced, and to a various extent controlled, in the urban water system before, which means that there are strategies for pollution control in place. The problem of microplastic pollution is receiving attention from both research and policy. Therefore, there is a need to simultaneously explore ways to handle the pollution and learn more about the flows of microplastics. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of flows of microplastics in urban waters and investigate strategies and measures that can control the flows. This aim has been addressed through three different studies presented in the three appended papers. The empirical material was gathered between 2017 and 2020 using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The flows of microplastics were investigated using a quantitative approach with inspiration from substance flow analysis. Strategies and measures to control pollution were investigated by means of analyses of documents, literature review and interviews. In terms of flows, the results show that laundry seems to be a large contributor to the wastewater system, while the contribution from cigarette filters was smaller than anticipated. Littering, in general, as well as paint, are potentially important sources of microplastics where the understanding is very limited. In terms of strategies and measures to control the flows, there are both preventive and treatment options for microplastics. As microplastics are a diverse pollutant group, several different solutions are needed. Some aspects that influence control efforts are related to the properties and behaviour of the specific pollutant and can therefore be more or less suitable for different pollutants. Other aspects are more general, such as what compartments are seen as valuable and prioritised in terms of protection. Further, treatment moves the pollution from the water to another medium, and this movement also needs to be considered. Challenges in terms of changing, limited or even lack of legislation, as well as unclear responsibility, and problems with collaboration among urban actors also impact the possibilities to control pollution. The case of microplastics also raises questions about when and how pollution should be controlled and by whom. Further, emerging practices in the urban water system, such as source separation, pipe-separation, and water reuse, will have implications for how pollution will be handled in the future.
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Murphy, Fionn. "Microplastic pollution in the aquatic environment : sources, destination & effects." Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.736949.
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Microplastic are plastics that are < 5mm and is a contaminant of emerging concern in the aquatic environment. They are produced to be of a microscopic size or are created through the fragmentation of larger plastic material due to degradation. Microplastic has been found to be ubiquitous in the marine and freshwater environment with shoreline and deep sea sediment, oceans, rivers and lakes throughout the world observed to be polluted by microplastic. Wild populations of aquatic biota with various feeding behaviour have been observed to ingest microplastic. Exposure studies have also demonstrated the harmful effects of microplastic on a range of aquatic organisms. In this thesis, various aspects of microplastic pollution were investigated, from the sources of microplastic in the environment, to the destination of the microplastic once it enters the environment as well as the potential effects of microplastic on exposed organisms. The contribution a wastewater treatment works (WwTW) is making to microplastic pollution in the environment was estimated and the extraction efficiency of microplastic within the treatment process was determined. This study identified the key parts of microplastic removal in the treatment process. Aquaculture was also investigated as a source of microplastic in the environment by comparing synthetic rope and netting used in the industry with microplastic extracted from cultured fish and wild shellfish. The ingestion of microplastic by a variety of fish species sampled from Scottish marine waters were investigated finding considerably higher ingestion rates in demersal flatfish sampled from coastal waters then species sampled further offshore in much deeper waters. The effects of microplastic were investigate by developing a novel bioassay to measure ecologically relevant endpoints such as feeding and reproduction as well as morphology in Hydra attenuata exposed to microplastic. Hydra attenuata feeding was found to decrease as microplastic concentration increased. This work shows that microplastic is ubiquitous throughout the aquatic environment and can potentially effect exposed organisms.
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Okoli, Edmund Uchechukwu. "Perceived Approaches to Abating Microplastic Pollution in Chicago-Area Waterways." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7498.
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Microplastics have increased water pollution, particularly in urban areas like Chicago. The purpose of this study was to explore how conflicts of interests and belief systems among different stakeholders can impede efforts for developing or revising plastic pollution mitigating laws. The theoretical foundation was Sabatier's advocacy coalition framework, which addresses public policies from the perspective of individual or organizational convictions. The research question addressed how policy makers can build coalitions among diverse stakeholders to formulate policies aimed at reducing microplastic pollution. A qualitative case study design included a document review and 12 semistructured interviews of participants drawn from 3 major different stakeholder groups. The interview data were transcribed, inductively coded and subjected to thematic analysis. The study showed universal stakeholder interest for the need for increased research on how microplastic pollution affects aquatic and human life. The results pointed to a moderate intensity of conflict among different stakeholders which enhances the likelihood for formulating microplastic pollution control policy. The study findings also show that policy-oriented learning can enhance increased stakeholder cooperation and lead to policy change on efforts to control microplastic pollution in waterways. Implications of the study for positive social change include increasing awareness of the sources and effects of plastic pollution, which may facilitate stakeholder cooperation and engineer the societal pressure required for formulating environmental and ecosystem protection policies. The result may be an improved environment and a reduction on the dangers of the plastic pollutants to aquatic and human lives.
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Sucharitakul, Phuping. "Sources, effects and trophic transfer of microplastics in jellyfish." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/408941.
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A discrepancy between high plastic production rates and low recycling rates contributes to a ubiquitous plastic pollution problem. If this discrepancy persists, it is estimated that approximately 12 billion tons of plastics will accumulate in the environment by 2050. Although many countries have issued policies to limit the utilisation of single use plastics, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased demands for plastics and overwhelmed waste management systems. Thus, plastic pollution will persist, especially in marine environments where most mismanaged plastics accumulate. Plastics in the marine environment slowly disintegrate into microplastics (<5 mm) and adversely affect many animals when ingested. Thus, microplastics have recently been identified as an emerging contaminant of concern internationally, resulting in an exponential growth in the number of microplastic studies within the last decade. Studies in some ecologically important animals such as jellyfish, however, are preliminary. For example, jellyfish are claimed to ingest microplastics via trophic transfer and have been promoted as bioindicators for plastic pollution despite limited evidence. Moreover, although microplastics in the field are covered by biofilms, all jellyfish and microplastic experiments have used virgin microbeads that might underestimate ingestion rates. This thesis, therefore, tested three hypotheses: 1) that jellyfish would ingest microplastics and they would be adversely affected by microplastic ingestion (chapter 2), 2) that jellyfish would mainly accumulate microplastics via indirect ingestion (i.e. trophic transfer) and biofilms would promote ingestion rates (chapter 3), 3) that jellyfish would be useful bioindicators of microplastic pollution and treated wastewater would be a significant source of microplastics in an estuary (chapter 4).
Medusae of Aurelia coerulea were exposed to 2,000 polystyrene microbeads L-1 and determined numbers of microbeads ingested. In addition, impacts of microbead ingestion on respiration rates and histology of their gut tissues were assessed (Chapter 2). No tissue damage was observed and respiration rates were unaffected by ingestion of microbeads. Importantly, the medusae ingested less than 0.2% of microbeads offered, egested microbeads within eight hours and stopped ingesting the microbeads after 16 hours, suggesting that the medusae may recognise virgin microbeads as non-food items. I, therefore, exposed the medusae to microbeads with photosynthetic biofilms, microbeads with heterotrophic biofilms and virgin microbeads (Chapter 3). Medusae ingested more microbeads with photosynthetic biofilms than microbeads with heterotrophic biofilms or virgin microbeads. The results highlight that the use of aged microbeads in experiments is important as the ingestion rates may be underestimated if virgin microbeads are used. Although jellyfish are claimed to acquire microbeads via trophic transfer, no studies had tested whether trophic transfer is a dominant pathway as jellyfish can also ingest microplastics directly from their surrounding water. Thus, I exposed ephyrae of Aurelia coerulea to aged microbeads (to test direct ingestion) and to Artemia nauplii fed aged microbeads (to test trophic transfer), and quantifued numbers of microbeads in the gastrovascular cavities (Chapter 3). I found that the ephyrae ingested 35 times more microbeads via trophic transfer than direct ingestion, suggesting that trophic transfer is the primary pathway by which jellyfish acquire microbeads. Furthermore, I investigated whether jellyfish in the field are susceptible to microplastic ingestion and whether jellyfish can be bioindicators of microplastic pollution. Water samples and medusae of Chrysaora cf pentostoma were collected nearby and distant from treated wastewater diffusers in two estuaries (the Gold Coast Broadwater and the Tweed River Estuary) that receive contrasting amounts of wastewater, to test whether microplastics in the guts of medusae represented those in the environment (Chapter 4). Only 83% of the medusae sampled contained microplastics and types and colours of microplastics in the gastrovascular cavities of jellyfish differed to those in the surrounding water. Thus, medusae are not good bioindicators of microplastic pollution because not all medusae acquire microplastics and the microplastics they accumulated did not reflect those in their environment. I also tested whether the released treated wastewater would have significant effects on microplastic concentrations and compositions in the receiving waters of the estuaries as wastewater treatment plants are claimed to be one of the significant sources of microplastics. I found no significant difference between microplastic concentrations and compositions nearby and distant from wastewater releases in either estuary. Thus, treated wastewater had no detectable impacts on microplastic concentrations and compositions in the receiving waters. Results from both laboratory and field experiments (Chapter2; Chapter 3; Chapter 4) strongly indicated that jellyfish accumulate relativly small amounts of microplastics and are poor bioindicators for microplastic pollution.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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van, Osch Jordy. "Limiting microplastic pollution from municipal wastewater treatment : A circular economic approach." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283598.
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The increasing amount of microplastics found in the environment have underscored the urgency to identify, develop and deploy scenarios in which municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs) limit the release of urban microplastics into the environment. Simultaneously, the global trend towards a circular economy has defined the conditions for these scenarios in relation to the water-energy- nutrient nexus. This study has created a novel framework between studies into treatment technologies for microplastics removal in wastewater streams and circular economic objectives from policymakers with regard to the water-energy-nutrient nexus. The results of this study build on the existing evidence that MWWTPs release significant amounts of microplastics to both terrestrial and aquatic environments. This study has demonstrated how Multi-criteria Analysis (MCA) can be applied to analyse wastewater treatment scenarios for their ability to limit microplastic pollution from MWWTPs, whilst taking the water-energy- nutrient nexus into account. The MCA has identified MBR inci-eco as the best performing circular economic scenario for limiting microplastic pollution from MWWTPs in to be constructed plants. This scenario includes a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) with Anaerobic Digestion, energy recovery through incineration and Phosphorus recovery through Ecophos. If already existing MWWTPs aim to upgrade their facility to limit microplastic pollution, CASPACUF with Pyreg as an energy-nutrient recovery is seen as the best performing scenario. The powder activated carbon with ultra filtration (PAC-UF) system would then be installed as an additional polishing step to an existing conventional activated sludge (CAS) system, significantly reducing upfront investment costs. Academia can build upon these results to initiate additional research into novel microplastic filtration specific technologies, business model innovation for wastewater treatment and microplastic pollution prevention at the source and in stormwaters. National and international policymakers should ban the distribution and sale of biosolids for direct land application to limit the pollution of microplastics from bio-solids. Furthermore, efforts should be put in place to limit microplastic pollution at the source by stimulating policies for a ban on the use of microbeads, limit tyre wear and improving design for e.q. washing machines.Den ökande mängden mikroplast som finns i miljön har understrukit brådskan i att identifiera, utveckla och tillämpa strategier där kommunala avloppsreningsverk (MWWTP) begränsar utsläpp av urbana mikroplaster. Samtidigt har den globala trenden mot en cirkulär ekonomi definierat villkoren för dessa scenarier i förhållande till vatten-energi-näring-näxan. Denna studie har tagit fram ett nytt ramverk mellan studier om reningsteknologier för avlägsnande av mikroplast i avloppsvattenströmmar och cirkulära ekonomiska mål från beslutsfattare med avseende på water-energy-nutrient nexus. Resultaten av denna studie bygger på befintliga bevis på att kommunala avloppsreningsverk släpper ut betydande mängder mikroplast i både mark- och vattenmiljöer. Denna studie har visat hur Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) kan användas för att analysera avloppsreningsscenarier utifrån deras förmåga att begränsa mikroplastföroreningar från reningsverk, samtidigt som man tar hänsyn till vatten-energi-näring-näxan. MCA har identifierat MBR-inci-eco som det bäst presterande cirkulära ekonomiska scenariot för att begränsa mikroplastföroreningar från nya verk. Detta scenario inkluderar en Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) med anaerobisk nebrytning, energiåtervinning genom förbränning och fosforåtervinning genom Ecophos. Om redan befintliga verk ska uppgradera sin anläggning för att begränsa mikroplastföroreningar, ses CASPACUF med Pyreg som energi-näringsåtervinning som det bästa scenariot. Det pulveraktiverade kolet med ultrafiltreringssystemet (PAC-UF) skulle sedan installeras som ett ytterligare poleringssteg till ett befintligt konventionellt system för aktiverat slam (CAS), vilket avsevärt minskar investeringskostnaderna. Framtida forskning kan använda dessa resultat för att undersöka nya mikroplastfiltreringsspecifika tekniker, affärsmodellinnovation för avloppsrening och förebyggande av mikroplastförorening vid källan och i stormvatten. Nationella och internationella beslutsfattare bör förbjuda distribution och försäljning av biosolids för direkt markanvändning för att begränsa mikroplastföroreningar från biosolids. Vidare bör åtgärder vidtas för att begränsa mikroplastföroreningar vid källan genom att stimulera policyer för ett förbud mot användning av mikrokulor, begränsa däckslitage och förbättra designen för e.q. tvättmaskiner.
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Nel, Holly Astrid, and Pierre William Froneman. "A quantitative analysis of microplastic pollution along the south-eastern coastline of South Africa." Elsevier B.V, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68032.
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Publisher versionThe extent of microplastic pollution (< 5 mm) in the southern hemisphere, particularly southern Africa, is largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate microplastic pollution along the south-eastern coastline of South Africa, looking at whether bays are characterised by higher microplastic densities than open stretches of coastline in both beach sediment and surf-zone water. Microplastic (mean ± standard error) densities in the beach sediment ranged between 688.9 ± 348.2 and 3308 ± 1449 particles·m− 2, while those in the water column varied between 257.9 ± 53.36 and 1215 ± 276.7 particles·m− 3. With few exceptions there were no significant spatial patterns in either the sediment or water column microplastic densities; with little differences in density between bays and the open coast (P > 0.05). These data indicate that the presence of microplastics were not associated with proximity to land-based sources or population density, but rather is governed by water circulation.
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Welden, Natalie Ann Cooper. "Microplastic pollution in the Clyde sea area : a study using the indicator species Nephrops norvegicus." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6377/.
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Microplastic pollution has been identified as an ever increasing proportion of marine litter. Despite an increase in microplastic awareness over the last decade, it represents an as yet unquantified threat to the marine environment. The relatively few studies that monitor its distribution and impact have illustrated a range of worrying effects on marine habitats and communities. The Clyde Sea Area (CSA) is subject to many sources of terrestrial and maritime plastic input. The use of plastics in recreational and commercial vessels throughout the CSA is believed to result in large levels of microplastic fibres, which have previously been seen to be ingested by a range of marine organisms. In a study of the breakdown of commonly used polymers in benthic environments, it was found that ropes of 10 mm diameter in sub-tidal conditions release between 0.086 and 0.422g of microfibers per meter per month in the early stages of degradation. This rate would be expected to increase over subsequent months, releasing substantial amounts of fibres into the CSA environment. In addition to the presence of numerous sources of microplastics, the CSA is relatively enclosed, and may accumulate high levels of debris as a result. Monthly sampling of the water and sediment in the CSA revealed contamination similar to that observed in other near-shore environments. Thus, it is expected that the potential threat to organisms in other areas will be similar to that observed in the CSA. One organism known to take up microplastics is the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, the target of the main fishery in the CSA. In this work we examined the levels of microplastic in the gut of N. norvegicus from the Scottish waters. Examination of individuals from the CSA revealed both a high occurrence and high accumulation of microplastic. This was found to be much greater than in N. norvegicus sampled from more remote Scottish waters. As a result, N. norvegicus from the CSA are most likely to suffer from the negative impacts associated with microplastic ingestion than those in offshore or in areas of low anthropogenic activity. In order to determine the potential impacts of microplastic ingestion on N. norvegicus, we first examined the mechanism by which N. norvegicus retain and egest microplastic. The position of microplastic aggregations in the foregut indicates that the gastric mill is the main obstacle to microplastic egestion. Inducing moult in microplastic-fed individuals demonstrated that expulsion of the gut lining during ecdysis enables N. norvegicus to reduce their plastic load, limiting plastic aggregation to the length of a single moult-cycle. In an 8 month controlled-feeding experiment retained plastic was seen to have a range of impacts on N. norvegicus. Feeding rate and body mass was seen to decrease in plastic loaded N. norvegicus, and a reduction was observed in a number of indicators of nutritional state. The results presented in this thesis have a number of implications to the CSA and wider marine environment. The similarity in the level of microplastic observed in the CSA to that of other studies of inshore waters indicates the potential for high microplastic uptake by crustaceans in those areas. The high variability in observed microplastic abundance suggests that small-scale monitoring is unsuitable for monitoring marine microplastic debris, and that use of an indicator species may provide a more reliable method of monitoring that is not subject to small-scale heterogeneity in distribution. The seasonal retention of microplastic by N. norvegicus indicates that crustaceans may provide a suitable indicator of local contamination. However, in the CSA, the high level of fibre aggregation and observed impacts of prolonged retention indicate that microplastic may be causing further pressure on an already exploited resource, reducing the stability of the valuable N. norvegicus population.
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Karlsson, Sjögren Isabelle. "Characterization of microplastics in storm water in Örebro, Sweden." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-84460.
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Microplastic is a widespread pollutant in marine and fresh water systems. A major pathway by which microplastics end up in these systems is via storm water. Storm water is generated as precipitation drain off of impenetrable surfaces like paving. Microplastic analysis of storm water make up a good foundation for better understanding what sources and factors contribute to microplastic pollution in marine and fresh water systems. This study puts emphasis on characterization and quantification of microplastics through visual characterization. As visual characterization is a subjective form of analysis, the characterization was performed based on guidelines in order to minimize the risk of identifying false positives. The concentration of microplastic was found to be higher in the current study than in comparison to larger water bodies and storm water streams in less urban areas. Fragments, i.e. irregular shaped particles with the appearance of being broken from a larger piece of litter, were found to be the most abundant type of microplastics, pointing at littering as a major source of microplastics in storm water.
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Fugagnoli, Alice. "The ratio of plastic to plankton in the Mediterranean Sea." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16962/.
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Plastic pollution is a huge problem that is affecting all the oceans of the Earth. Plastic items end into the sea, break into tiny pieces and pollute the marine environment. The aim of this research is to increase our knowledge on this problem by comparing microplastic and zooplankton distributions.
Samples from the Mediterranean Sea and Gibraltar Strait have been collected and analyzed. Plastic fragments have been extracted, weighted, photographed, measured and analyzed with a hyperspectral camera. The planktonic part of the samples has been analyzed identifying the main typology of organisms, taking pictures of the samples and analyzing them with ImageJ to take the measures. Data analysis was focused to the plastic to zooplankton ratio.
The results have highlighted that most of the plastic to plankton ratios occurred in the in 1mm-10mm size range, and half of the stations in the Mediterranean sea presented values higher than 1, meaning than there is more plastic than plankton in that size range, for 50% of the Mediterranean. The ratio was higher during the day, due to the ascent of zooplankton during night. The results clearly show that the rank of greater danger is between 1mm to 10mm, and for this reason future samplings should focus on a net for this specific size range, to make sampling more simple and effective. A pollution indicator was created, based on the data collected all around the Mediterranean Sea, which could help find out future danger classifications, and choose the best adoptable strategies to solve the problem. Furthermore, the fact that the higher ratio has been found during the day can help future plastic sampling to focus on this time lapse. Concluding, the data provided by this research will be useful to better understand the degree of plastic contamination of our oceans and give updates to develop quality guidelines according to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
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Sabienski, Lina. "Characterization of microplastics in wastewater." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-86249.
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This study aims to detect how many microplastics and what kind are released from the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) Skebäck, in Örebro. The study was limited to the analysis of three filters with 50 μm mesh size and one filter with 300 μm mesh size. The samples were taken at different times, two in the fall of 2019 and one in the spring of 2020. Visual characterization was used for the quantification of microplastics, and a lower and upper bound was used. The lower bound represents particles that were deemed identifiable as plastic with high certainty, while the upper bound also includes particles that may have been microplastic. An additional ATR-FTIR analysis was performed on selected microplastics >300 μm. The presence of microplastics in the effluent from Skebäcks WWTP could be confirmed. The quantity of microplastics per m3 (MP/m3) trapped on the 50 μm filters were quantified in a range between 0 MP/m3 to 291 MP/m3 for the lower bound, and 72 MP/m3 to 435 MP/m3 for the upper bound. The 300 μm filter had considerably less microplastics than the 50 μm filter with 1.8 MP/m3. The quantification of fibers on the 50 μm filter and 300 μm filters was not possible due to high blank contaminations. According to the concentration of 63 MP/m3 of the lower bound count on the 50 μm filters and the amount of water flowing through Skebäck in 2019, 17 818 935 m3, 1.1 billion microplastic particles were released into Svartån that year. In comparison the highest value of the upper bound count, 435 MP/m3, gave a release of 7.7 billion microplastic particles. Using the concentration of the 300 μm filter 1.8 MP/m3, 32 million microplastics/year were released from Skebäck in 2019. The amount of spheres 50-300 μm released in the effluent from Skebäck was estimated to be 3.7 kg in 2019.
Books on the topic "Microplastic pollution"
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Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan, ed. Microplastic Pollution. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0297-9.
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Hashmi, Muhammad Zaffar, ed. Microplastic Pollution. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89220-3.
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Cocca, Mariacristina, Emilia Di Pace, Maria Emanuela Errico, Gennaro Gentile, Alessio Montarsolo, and Raffaella Mossotti, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference on Microplastic Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71279-6.
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Cocca, Mariacristina, Emilia Di Pace, Maria Emanuela Errico, Gennaro Gentile, Alessio Montarsolo, Raffaella Mossotti, and Maurizio Avella, eds. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Microplastic Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45909-3.
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Sillanpää, Mika, Ali Khadir, and Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu, eds. Microplastics Pollution in Aquatic Media. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8440-1.
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Wagner, Martin. Freshwater Microplastics: Emerging Environmental Contaminants? Cham: Springer Nature, 2018.
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Muthu, Subramanian Senthilkannan. Microplastic Pollution. Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, 2021.
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Quinn, Brian, and Christopher Blair Crawford. Microplastic Pollutants. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2016.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Microplastic pollution"
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Marathe, Nachiket P., and Michael S. Bank. "The Microplastic-Antibiotic Resistance Connection." In Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 311–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_9.
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AbstractMicroplastic pollution is a big and rapidly growing environmental problem. Although the direct effects of microplastic pollution are increasingly studied, the indirect effects are hardly investigated, especially in the context of spreading of disease and antibiotic resistance genes, posing an apparent hazard for human health. Microplastic particles provide a hydrophobic surface that provides substrate for attachment of microorganisms and readily supports formation of microbial biofilms. Pathogenic bacteria such as fish pathogens Aeromonas spp., Vibrio spp., and opportunistic human pathogens like Escherichia coli are present in these biofilms. Moreover, some of these pathogens are shown to be multidrug resistant. The presence of microplastics is known to enhance horizontal gene transfer in bacteria and thus, may contribute to dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Microplastics can also adsorb toxic chemicals like antibiotics and heavy metals, which are known to select for antibiotic resistance. Microplastics may, thus, serve as vectors for transport of pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes in the aquatic environment. In this book chapter, we provide background information on microplastic biofouling (“plastisphere concept”), discuss the relationship between microplastic and antibiotic resistance, and identify knowledge gaps and directions for future research.
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Bank, Michael S., and Sophia V. Hansson. "The Microplastic Cycle: An Introduction to a Complex Issue." In Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_1.
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AbstractThe microplastic cycle was originally and formally introduced and defined as a novel concept and paradigm for understanding plastic pollution and its fluxes across ecosystem reservoirs. This concept has now been expanded to include macroplastic particles and links all aspects of the fate, transport, and effects of plastic pollution, including source-receptor models in the environment, and expanded on previously established perspectives that viewed the plastic pollution issue in a less integrated manner. The value of this paradigm is that this perspective integrates three basic scientific spheres: environmental chemistry, biology (i.e., trophic transfer), and human health. The goal of this chapter is to introduce readers to the microplastic pollution problem and to outline the microplastic cycle as a concept and holistic paradigm for addressing this ubiquitous environmental and potential public health problem. The specific objectives of this chapter were to (1) introduce this volume and its chapters by outlining the microplastic pollution issue in the context of the entire plastic cycle; (2) evaluate fluxes of microplastics across different ecosystem compartments, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere. and biosphere, including humans; and (3) provide insights on public policy and potential solutions to the microplastic pollution problem.
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Khan, Qaiser Farid, Sidra Anum, Faiza Sharif, Muhammad Farhan, Hafiz Arbab Sakandar, Rizwan Rasheed, and Laila Shahzad. "Monitoring of Microplastic Pollution." In Emerging Contaminants and Associated Treatment Technologies, 67–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89220-3_3.
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Godoy, V., M. A. Martín-Lara, A. I. Almendros, L. Quesada, and M. Calero. "Microplastic Pollution in Water." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, 1–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52395-4_1.
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Schuhen, Katrin, and Michael T. Sturm. "Microplastic Pollution and Reduction Strategies." In Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment, 1–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10618-8_53-1.
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Schuhen, Katrin, and Michael T. Sturm. "Microplastic Pollution and Reduction Strategies." In Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment, 1–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10618-8_53-2.
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Rathinamoorthy, R., and S. Raja Balasaraswathi. "Impact of Microfiber/Microplastic Pollution." In Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry, 151–203. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4185-6_5.
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Barmon, Milon, M. J. I. Shohag, Rana Roy, Yanyan Wei, Zhenli He, and Xiaoe Yang. "Risk Assessment of Microplastic Pollution." In Emerging Contaminants and Associated Treatment Technologies, 369–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89220-3_17.
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Schuhen, Katrin, and Michael T. Sturm. "Microplastic Pollution and Reduction Strategies." In Handbook of Microplastics in the Environment, 1097–128. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39041-9_53.
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Guerrini, Federica. "Data-Informed Models for the Coupled Dispersal of Microplastics and Related Pollutants Applied to the Mediterranean Sea." In Special Topics in Information Technology, 3–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15374-7_1.
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AbstractMicroplastic pollution is a ubiquitous environmental threat, in particular to the oceans. In the marine environment, microplastics are not just passively transported by sea currents, but often get contaminated with organic pollutants during the journey. The uptake of chemicals onto microplastics can worsen the adverse effects of microplastics to marine organisms; however, investigation on this urgent phenomenon is hampered by the impossibility of monitoring and tracking such small plastic fragments during their motion at sea. This work aims at addressing the need for an effective modelling of the advection–diffusion processes jointly involving microplastics and the pollutants they carry to further our understanding of their spatiotemporal patterns and ecological impacts, focusing on the Mediterranean Sea. Here we present the conceptual design, methodological settings, and modelling results of a novel, data-informed 2D Lagrangian–Eulerian modelling framework that simultaneously describes (i) the Lagrangian dispersal of microplastic on the sea surface, (ii) the Eulerian advection–diffusion of selected organic contaminants, and (iii) the gradient-driven chemical exchanges between microplastic particles and chemical pollutants in the marine environment in a simple, yet comprehensive way. Crucial to the realism of our model is exploiting the wide variety and abundance of data linked with drivers of Mediterranean marine pollution by microplastics and chemicals, ranging from national censuses to satellite data of surface water runoff and GPS ship tracking, other than the use of oceanographic reanalyses to inform microplastics’ motion at sea. The results of our method applied to a multi-year simulation contribute to a first basin-wide assessment of the role of microplastics as a vehicle of other pollutants of concern in the marine environment. The framework proposed here is intended as a flexible tool to help advance knowledge towards a comprehensive description of the multifaceted threat of marine plastic pollution and an informed support to targeted mitigation policies.
Conference papers on the topic "Microplastic pollution"
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Upadhyay, Kshitij, and Samir Bajpai. "Transport of Microplastics from Municipal Solid Waste Landfills to Aquatic system: An Overview." In International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.112.27.
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Microplastics possess a significant threat to water resources as well as aquatic life and present a challenge in overall water resource management. Among a wide variety of entry routes available for microplastics from land to water bodies, municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills are suspected to be one of the important land-based sources (entry point) of microplastics affecting water quality. Few studies reported the presence of microplastic in the leachate obtained from municipal solid waste landfills corroborating that MSW landfills not only act as a sink of microplastic pollution but also act as a source. Microplastics from these leachates move to the soil system thereby affecting its quality and further migrate to aquatic systems. This movement of microplastic from leachate to aquatic system not only deteriorate the water quality but also highlights the importance of land-based sources of microplastic. In this review, we focused on the role of landfills as a pathway for microplastics to water bodies. The main aims of this review the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in landfills and discuss the role of landfill age. Polyethylene in fragmented and fibrous form remains the predominant type and shape of microplastic in leachates. The shape, size, and abundance of microplastics in leachates vary with landfill age. Landfills also provide a favorable environment for microplastic degradation thereby turning macroplastics into tiny plastic pieces. The major type of degradation is oxidative degradation. Our review confirms that MSW landfills are indeed a source of microplastic and contribute to microplastic pollution in soil and aquatic systems.
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Smith, Jacqueline A., Emma Ervolina, and Bryan Barry. "CHARACTERIZING MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION IN NEW YORK STATE WATERWAYS." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-271963.
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Hasenmueller, Elizabeth, Teresa Baraza, Natalie Hernandez, and Carly Finegan-Dronchi. "CAVE SEDIMENT STORES MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION IN SUBSURFACE ENVIRONMENTS." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-380980.
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Hilgenhurst, Callie, Eli Kane, Tom Byl, Rickard S. Toomey, and Jessica Oster. "CHARACTERIZING MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION IN MAMMOTH CAVE NATIONAL PARK." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-382329.
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Zhilnikova, N. A., A. S. Smirnova, and P. V. Novikova. "REDUCING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY MICROPLASTIC: RUSSIAN AND EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE." In MODELING AND SITUATIONAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS. St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/978-5-8088-1449-3-2020-1-107-111.
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Baraza, Teresa, and Elizabeth Hasenmueller. "MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION INTRUDES CARBONATE CRITICAL ZONES DURING FLOOD EVENTS." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-368390.
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Baraza, Teresa, and Elizabeth Hasenmueller. "URBAN LAND USE SOURCES MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION TO KARST AQUIFERS." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-380845.
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Prosenc, Franja, Nigel Van de Velde, Ivan Jerman, and Janez Langus. "Automated Quantification of Microplastics – Challenges and Opportunities." In Socratic Lectures 7. University of Lubljana Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55295/psl.2022.d12.
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Plastics are an important material with widespread applications. However, their widespread use and poor end-of-life management have led to their extensive environmental pollution. They can be found in oceans, terrestrial ecosystems, and even remote corners of the Earth. Current methods for microplastic quantification and identification require big investments and highly trained personnel to operate the analytical equipment. In this paper, we propose an algorithm-based method for the quantification of microplastics in soil and organic fertilisers. The method is based on image analysis of a thinly spread sample that was heated until microplastics has visually melted. The algorithm-based method was validated with Focal plane array detector-based micro-Fourier-transform infrared imaging (FPA-μFTIR), frequently used in microplastic characterisation. Herein, we present the pre-liminary results of an ongoing study. In a compost sample, five particles were detected with FPA-μFTIR, whereas the algorithm detected eight. The algorithm has difficulties recognising elongated or oddly shaped particles. These were identified as several particles which led to overestimating the number of microplastic particles in the investigated sample. We will continue with further develop-ment of the computer algorithm by using a training set of images which will be quantified using different methods (visual detection by a human operator, FPA-μFTIR). This growing training set will enable us to incorporate machine learning algorithms (neural networks) in the development of a more reliable particle detection algorithm. We expect that environmental monitoring of microplas-tics will be required under future legislation, therefore the development of cheap, user-friendly so-lutions is crucial. Keywords: Machine learning; Algorithm; Infrared spectroscopy; Soil contamination; Organic ferti-lisers; Compost
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Azizi, Aqil, Wahyuni Nur Setyowati, Sirin Fairus, Deffi Ayu Puspito, and Diki Surya Irawan. "Microplastic pollution in the coastal water of Jakarta Bay, Indonesia." In THE 2ND UNIVERSITAS LAMPUNG INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ENVIRONMENT (ULICoSTE) 2021. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0103216.
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Smith, Jacqueline A., Emily Caruso, and Nicholas Wright. "MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION IN TRIBUTARIES OF THE MOHAWK RIVER, NEW YORK STATE." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-319620.
Full textReports on the topic "Microplastic pollution"
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Wi, Jungyeon. Preventing Styrofoam in Marine Environment through Eco-friendly, Durable Bivalve Buoys of Reduced Impact through structural modification. Intellectual Archive, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2729.
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Microplastics and marine pollution are emerging environmental issues around the world. In South Korea, styrofoam buoys are one of the primary sources of microplastics. The article addresses current limitations regarding environmental efforts done to reduce styrofoam buoys at governmental and company levels. The article introduces one solution to the problem, a new eco-friendly buoy made of biodegradable material with enhanced durability and sustainability. The article proposes potential campaigns and activities to raise awareness of the issue and encourage using eco-friendly buoys.