Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microorganisms

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Microorganisms'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Microorganisms"

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Reni Ustiatik, Yulia Nuraini, Suharjono, and Eko Handayanto. "Isolation of Mercury-Resistant Endophytic and Rhizosphere Microorganisms from Grasses in Abandoned Gold Mining Area." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 49, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v49i1.32356.

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There were about 900 hotspots of artisanal and small scale gold mining (ASGM) in Indonesia that recovered gold through amalgamation and cyanidation techniques. Amalgamation technique causes mercury (Hg) pollution to the soil. This study was a preliminary study that aimed to isolate Hg-resistant endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms from pioneer grasses in the Hg-polluted soil. The most potential microorganism will be used for Hg phytoremediation in the future study. Pioneer grasses were collected from the abandoned gold mining area in Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. Total microorganisms were counted using Colony Forming Unit (CFU) or Standard Plate Count. The microorganism colony was characterized based on morphological characteristics. Hg-resistant endophytic and rhizosphere microorganisms were successfully isolated from pioneer grass (Cynodon dactylon and Eleusine indica) in the study site. The colonies of rhizosphere microorganisms were diverse morphologically compared to endophytic microorganisms based on the number of isolated microorganisms, 20 isolates and 17 isolates, respectively. The density of rhizosphere microorganisms was higher (96%) than endophytic microorganisms (4%). The density of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi were 47x103 and 2x103 CFU g-1, respectively. However, the density of endophytic bacteria and fungi were only 2x103 and 1x103 CFU g-1, respectively. Keywords: endophytic microorganism, Hg-resistant, microorganism density, rhizosphere microorganism
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Pedraza, Raúl O., Kátia R. S. Teixeira, Ana Fernández Scavino, Inés García De Salamone, Beatriz E. Baca, Rosario Azcón, Vera L. D. Baldani, and Ruth Bonilla. "Microorganismos que mejoran el crecimiento de las plantas y la calidad de los suelos. Revisión." Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria 11, no. 2 (November 29, 2010): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol11_num2_art:206.

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<p>El presente artículo surge de la revisión de la teoría y temas prácticos desarrollados durante el curso”Caracterización y contribución de las plantas que promueven el crecimiento de microorganismos en la sostenibilidad de la agricultura”, llevado a cabo en el Laboratorio de Microbiología de Suelos de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Corpoica), ubicado en Mosquera (Cundinamarca), Colombia, en julio de 2010. Esta actividad fue desarrollada en el marco de la Red Dimiagri que incluye a investigadores de Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, España, Guatemala, México y Uruguay, reunidos en una acción de coordinación financiada por el Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo (Cyted). Los aspectos inherentes al crecimiento y la sanidad vegetal, el sistema radical, el suelo circundante (rizósfera), los microorganismos asociados en ese sistema y su contribución al manejo sustentable del complejo suelo-planta fueron analizados en este trabajo. También se abordan temas como la biodiversidad microbiana y su efecto en la calidad del suelo; el ciclado de nutrientes del suelo por acción microbiológica; la importancia de los microorganismos en la promoción del crecimiento vegetal y su utilización biotecnológica como alternativa para favorecer la sustentabilidad y calidad de los suelos. Además se pretende interiorizar en los conceptos relacionados con el consorcio suelo-planta-microorganismo y el objetivo de mitigar el impacto ambiental negativo causado por el uso excesivo de insumos químicos en los cultivos agrícolas, mediante la utilización de microorganismos promotores del crecimiento vegetal, que incluyen tanto a bacterias como a hongos benéficos asociados con las raíces de las plantas.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Microorganisms that enhance plant growth and soil quality. Review</strong></p><p>The present article of revision arise from theory and practical subjects developed during the course “Characterization and contribution of plant growth-promoting microorganisms in the agricultural sustainability” carried out in the Laboratory of Soil Microbiology of the Colombian Corporation of Agricultural Research (Corpoica) located in Mosquera (Cundinamarca), Colombia, in July 2010. This activity is in the framework of the Dimiagri network that includes researchers from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Spain, Guatemala, Mexico and Uruguay, gathered in a Coordination Action funded by the Iberoamerican Program of Science and Technology for the Development (Cyted). Aspects inherent to the growth and plant health, root system, the surrounding soil (rhizosphere), microorganisms that system partners and their contribution to sustainable management of soil-plant were analyzed in this work. Topics related to the microbial biodiversity and its effect on soil quality; nutrient cycling in the soil by microbiological activity; the importance of microorganisms in plant growthpromotion and their biotechnological application as an alternative to favor sustainability and soil quality were presented. The aim of this review is to show important concepts related to the soil-plant-microorganism system, which will allow to achieve the general objective: to mitigate the negative environmental impact due to the excessive use of chemical products on agricultural crops by using plant growth-promoting microorganisms, including bacteria and beneficial fungi associated to plant roots.</p>
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Švedienė, Jurgita, Vitalij Novickij, Rokas Žalnėravičius, Vita Raudonienė, Svetlana Markovskaja, Jurij Novickij, and Algimantas Paškevičius. "Antimicrobial Activity of L-Lysine and Poly-L-Lysine with Pulsed Electric Fields." Applied Sciences 11, no. 6 (March 17, 2021): 2708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11062708.

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For the first time, the possibility to use L-lysine (Lys) and poly-L-lysine (PLL) as additives with pulsed electric fields (PEF) for antimicrobial treatment is reported. The antimicrobial efficacy of Lys and PLL for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans was determined. Inactivation of microorganisms was also studied by combining Lys and PLL with PEF of 15 and 30 kV/cm. For PEF treatment, pulses of 0.5, 1, 10 or 100 μs were applied in a sequence of 10 to 5000 at 1 kHz frequency. The obtained results showed that 100 μs pulses were the most effective in combination with Lys and PLL for all microorganisms. Equivalent energy PEF bursts with a shorter duration of the pulse were less effective independently on PEF amplitude. Additionally, various treatment susceptibility patterns of microorganisms were determined and reported. In this study, the Gram-negative E. coli was the most treatment-resistant microorganism. Nevertheless, inactivation rates exceeding 2 log viability reduction were achieved for all analyzed yeast, fungi, and bacteria. This methodology could be used for drug-resistant microorganism’s new treatment development.
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Gladkov, Evgeny A., Dmitry V. Tereshonok, Anna Y. Stepanova, and Olga V. Gladkova. "Plant–Microbe Interactions under the Action of Heavy Metals and under the Conditions of Flooding." Diversity 15, no. 2 (January 26, 2023): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15020175.

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Heavy metals and flooding are among the primary environmental factors affecting plants and microorganisms. This review separately considers the impact of heavy metal contamination of soils on microorganisms and plants, on plant and microbial biodiversity, and on plant–microorganism interactions. The use of beneficial microorganisms is considered one of the most promising methods of increasing stress tolerance since plant-associated microbes reduce metal accumulation, so the review focuses on plant–microorganism interactions and their practical application in phytoremediation. The impact of flooding as an adverse environmental factor is outlined. It has been shown that plants and bacteria under flooding conditions primarily suffer from a lack of oxygen and activation of anaerobic microflora. The combined effects of heavy metals and flooding on microorganisms and plants are also discussed. In conclusion, we summarize the combined effects of heavy metals and flooding on microorganisms and plants.
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Linde, Thiago de Nuno Mendes Pery de, Fernando Neves Pinto, Hugo Vidaurre Mendes, and Mirian Araujo Carlos Crapez. "Microorganismos para a sustentabilidade ambiental / Microorganisms for environmental sustainability." Brazilian Journal of Development 8, no. 3 (March 12, 2022): 17890–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv8n3-158.

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Gaucin Gutiérrez, Susana Citlaly, Juan Antonio Rojas-Contreras, David Enrique Zazueta-Álvarez, Efren Delgado, Perla Guadalupe Vázquez Ortega, Hiram Medrano Roldán, and Damián Reyes Jáquez. "Exploration of In Vitro Voltage Production by a Consortium of Chemolithotrophic Microorganisms Using Galena (PbS) as a Sulphur Source." Clean Technologies 6, no. 1 (January 3, 2024): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol6010005.

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Sulphur plays a fundamental role in the biological processes of chemolithotrophic microorganisms. Due to the redox characteristics of sulphur, microorganisms use it for metabolic processes. Such is the case of the dissimilatory processes in the anaerobic respiration of reducing microorganisms. The production of electrical energy from the metabolism of native microorganisms using sulphur as substrate from inorganic mineral sources in the form of Galena (PbS) was achieved using MR mineral medium with 15% (w/v) of PbS mineral concentrate. At 400 h of growth, the highest voltage produced in an experimental unit under anaerobic conditions was 644 mV. The inoculum was composed of microorganisms with spiral morphology, and at the final stages of energy production, the only microorganism identified was Bacillus clausii. This microorganism has not been reported in bioelectrochemical systems, but it has been reported to be present in corrosive environments and reducing anoxic environments.
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Kuncoro, Aldi Suryo, Kus Hendarto, Fitri Yelli, and R. A. Diana Widyastuti. "Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) dan Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava L.) Varietas 'Kristal' pada Fase Pembibitan." JURNAL AGROTROPIKA 21, no. 1 (May 12, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/ja.v21i1.5421.

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This study aims to determine the effect of providing various planting media and local microorganisms on the growth of 'Kristal' guava seeds and the interaction between the provision of various planting media and local microorganisms on the growth of 'Kristal' guava seedlings. This research was conducted at the Integrated Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung from September 2020 to March 2021. The treatments were arranged in a factorial (2x4) in a completely randomized design (CRD) which was repeated 3 times. The first factor was planting media (M) which consisted of (M1) soil and rice husks, (M2) soil and mushroom baglog. The second factor is the type of local microorganism (MOL) (P) which consists of 4 levels, namely (P1) local microorganism EM4, (P2) local microorganism of banana weevil, (P3) local microorganism of coconut fiber, and (P4) local microorganism of cow dung. The results of the study which were tested by analysis on all variables stated that the presentation of various different media affected the increase in plant height and the treatment of different microorganisms affected the increase in leaves and leaf chlorophyll, the increase in shoot growth area, the interaction between various growing media and local microorganisms. Keywords : Guava, planting media,local microorganism, growth
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Rozaik, Ehab, and Safwat Mahmoud. "Growth Inhibition of Various Pathogenic Microorganisms Using Effective Microorganisms (EM)." International Journal of Research and Engineering 4, no. 12 (January 4, 2018): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijre.2017.4.12.2.

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Mahmoud, Safwat, and Ehab Rozaik. "Growth Inhibition of Various Pathogenic Microorganisms Using Effective Microorganisms (EM)." International Journal of Research and Engineering 4, no. 12 (January 5, 2018): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijre.2018.5.1.2.

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Li, Xue, Chongling Feng, Min Lei, Kun Luo, Lingyu Wang, Renguo Liu, Yuanyuan Li, and Yining Hu. "Bioremediation of organic/heavy metal contaminants by mixed cultures of microorganisms: A review." Open Chemistry 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 793–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2022-0198.

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Abstract Although microbial remediation has been widely used in the bioremediation of various contaminants, in practical applications of biological remediation, pure cultures of microorganisms are seriously limited by their adaptability, efficiency, and capacity to handle multiple contaminants. Mixed cultures of microorganisms involve the symbiosis of two or more microorganisms. Such cultures exhibit a collection of the characteristics of each microorganism species or strain, showing enormous potential in the bioremediation of organic or heavy metal pollutants. The present review focuses on the mixed cultures of microorganisms, demonstrating its importance and summarizing the advantages of mixed cultures of microorganisms in bioremediation. Furthermore, the internal and external relations of mixed culture microorganisms were analyzed with respect to their involvement in the removal process to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microorganisms"

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Català, García Carme. "Optical methods for ultrafast screening of microorganisms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/450874.

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En aquesta tesi doctoral hem desenvolupat un mètode per la detecció i quantificació múltiple dels microorganismes més comuns que causen infeccions bacterianes amb una velocitat de detecció sense precedents a baix cost i alta sensibilitat. A més a més, fent servir fluids humans reals directament evitant així, els pretractaments tediosos de les mostres. El disseny del sistema està basat en augments d'intensitat del senyal obtingut per espectroscòpia SERS. Això s'aconsegueix utilitzant nanopartícules plasmòniques codificades i funcionalitzades amb elements de reconeixement biològics. D'aquesta manera, quan una mostra conté el patogen a identificar interactua amb els elements de reconeixement units a les nanopartícules, induint la seva acumulació en la superfície del microorganisme. Aquesta agregació de partícules a la membrana dels bacteris produeix espais molt petits entre les partícules fent que el senyal Raman s'amplifiqui en diversos ordres de magnitud respecte a les partícules soltes. Permetent així, la identificació de múltiples microorganismes a la vegada. La quantificació d'aquests, s'aconsegueix passant la mostra a través d'un dispositiu de micro-fluids amb una finestra de recol•lecció on un làser interroga i classifica els agregats a temps real. A més a més, també hem investigat els avantatges de fer servir aptàmers en lloc d'anticossos com a elements de reconeixement biològic. Aquest nou sistema de detecció de patògens obre interessants perspectives per al diagnòstic ràpid i econòmic d'infeccions bacterianes.
En esta tesis doctoral hemos desarrollado un método para la detección y cuantificación múltiple de los microorganismos más comunes que causan infecciones bacterianas con una velocidad de detección sin precedentes a bajo coste y alta sensibilidad. Utilizando además, fluidos humanos reales directamente evitando así, pre-tratamientos tediosos de las muestras. El diseño del sistema está basado en aumentos de intensidad de la señal obtenida por espectroscopia SERS. Esto se logra utilizando nanopartículas plasmónicas codificadas y funcionalizadas con elementos de reconocimiento biológico. De esta manera, cuando una muestra que contiene el patógeno a identificar interactúa con los elementos de reconocimiento unidos a las nanopartículas, induce su acumulación en la superficie del microorganismo. Esta agregación de partículas en las membranas de las bacterias produce espaciados muy pequeños entre las partículas haciendo que la señal Raman se amplifique en varios órdenes de magnitud con respecto a las partículas sueltas. Permitiendo así la identificación de múltiples microorganismos a la vez. La cuantificación de los mismos, se logra pasando la muestra a través de un dispositivo de micro-fluidos con una ventana de recolección donde un láser interroga y clasifica los agregados en tiempo real. Además, también hemos investigado las ventajas de usar aptámeros frente a anticuerpos como elementos de reconocimiento biológico. Este nuevo sistema de detección de patógenos abre interesantes perspectivas para el diagnóstico rápido y barato de las infecciones bacterianas.
This doctoral thesis intended to develop and optimize a method for multiplex detection and quantification of the most common microorganisms causing bacterial infections. This detection approach envisions to directly use different real human fluids avoiding thus, tedious pre-treatments of the samples with an unprecedented speed, low cost, and sensitivity. The design of the system is based on variations in the SERS intensity. This is accomplished using encoded plasmonic nanoparticles functionalized with bio-recognition elements. Consequently, when a sample containing the biological target to be identified interacts with the recognition elements attached to the nanoparticle, will induce an accumulation of them at the surface of the targeted microorganism. This particle aggregation on the bacteria membranes renders a dense array of inter-particle gaps in which the Raman signal is amplified by several orders of magnitude relative to the dispersed particles, enabling a multiplexed deterministic identification of the microorganisms. Quantification is achieved by passing the sample through a microfluidic device with a collection window where a laser interrogates and classifies the bacteria–nanoparticle aggregates in real time. Additionally, a comparison between two of the most common bio-recognition elements (antibodies and aptamers) was performed. This new pathogen detection system opens exciting prospects for fast inexpensive diagnosis of bacterial infections.
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Khan, Azizur Rahman. "Plastic Antibodies for the detection of Bacterial Proteins and Microorganisms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397674.

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El diagnosi de moltes malalties és de vital importància per proporcionar el tractament adequat i per tant per controlar les necessitats de salut públiques. Els mètodes estàndard que es fan servir per confirmar la presència de microorganismes consisteixen típicament en l’ús de mètodes de cultiu específics per multiplicar, separar, identificar i comptar les bactèries. La durada d’aquests processos depèn del microorganisme en concret, però en molts casos un resultat confirmatori pot tardar entre uns pocs dies o inclús vàries setmanes. Un dels principals objectius en aquesta àrea és la detecció ràpida de microorganismes, d’una forma acurada i barata. Els polímers d’impremta molecular (PIMs) ofereixen una alternativa robusta i econòmica als anticossos naturals, però encara es requereix el seu desenvolupament pel reconeixement de molècules de gran mida. En aquesta tesi presentem diferents polímers d’impremta molecular amb l’objectiu de desenvolupar una nova aproximació per detectar proteïnes de la superfície de bactèries i microorganismes, aproximació basada en anticossos artificials utilitzats en la construcció de dispositius portàtils i econòmics. Aquests objectius generals s’assoleixen implementant una sèrie d’objectius específics: i. desenvolupament d’un camí simple per la construcció d’anticossos artificials utilitzant processos d’impremta molecular, ii. aplicació d’impedimetria, voltametria d’ona quadrada i potenciometria com a tècniques de detecció conjuntament amb una capa sensora formada per polímers d’impremta molecular, iii. ús d’elèctrodes comercials i de fabricació casolana per la detecció electroquímica en la cerca de dispositius portables i d’un sol ús, iv. impressió molecular i detecció de proteïnes de superfície de bactèries i/o microorganismes.
La diagnosis de muchas enfermedades es de vital importancia para proporcionar el tratamiento adecuado y por lo tanto para el control de las necesidades de salud públicas. Los métodos estándar utilizados en la confirmación de la presencia de microorganismos consisten típicamente en el uso de métodos de cultivo específicos para multiplicar, separar, identificar y contar las bacterias. La durada de estos procesos depende del microorganismo en concreto, pero en muchos casos se necesitan entre pocos días o incluso varias semanas para tener una confirmación del resultado. Uno de los principales objetivos en esta área es la detección rápida de microorganismos, de una forma fiable y barata. Los polímeros de impronta molecular (PIMs) ofrecen una alternativa robusta y económica a los anticuerpos naturales, pero aún se requiere su desarrollo para el reconocimiento de moléculas de elevado tamaño. En esta tesis presentamos diferentes polímeros de impronta molecular con el objetivo de desarrollar una nueva aplicación para detectar proteínas de la superficie de bacterias y microorganismos, aproximación basada en anticuerpos artificiales utilizados en la construcción de dispositivos portátiles y económicos. Estos objetivos generales se consiguen implementando una serie de objetivos específicos: i. desarrollo de un camino simple para la construcción de anticuerpos artificiales utilizando procesos de impronta molecular, ii. aplicación de impedimetría, voltamperometría de onda cuadrada y potenciometría como técnicas de detección conjuntamente con una capa sensora formada por polímeros de impronta molecular, iii. uso de electrodos comerciales y de fabricación casera para la detección electroquímica en la búsqueda de dispositivos portátiles y de un solo uso, iv. impresión molecular y detección de proteínas de superficie de bacterias y/o microorganismos.
The diagnosis of most illnesses is of vital importance for providing the appropriate cure and hence controlling public health concerns. The standard methods that are used to confirm the presence of microorganisms typically consist of specific enrichment media to multiply, separate, identify and count bacterial cells. The duration of the process depends on the microorganism, but in most cases a confirmatory result can take from a few days to even weeks. One of the major objectives in this area is to detect microorganisms quickly, accurately and cheaply. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer in principle a robust, cost-efficient alternative to natural antibodies, but it is still a challenge to develop such materials for large molecule recognition. In this thesis we present a variety of molecular imprinting approaches with an aim to develop a new approach for detecting bacterial surface proteins and microorganisms based on artificial antibodies for the construction of label-free and cost-effective portable devices. These general objectives are achieved by implementing a series of specific objectives: i. development of an easy pathway to make artificial antibodies by molecular imprinting process, ii. application of impedimetry, square wave voltammetry and potentiometry as detection techniques using molecularly imprinting polymers as the sensing layer, iii. use of homemade and commercially available screen-printed electrodes for the electrochemical detection of targets in the search for disposable and portable devices iv. electrochemical imprinting and detection of bacterial surface proteins and/or microorganisms.
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Santos, Andreia Betina Kreuser dos [UNESP]. "Desinfecção de águas pelo processo fotocatalítico utilizando eletrodos térmicos de dióxido de titânio para inativação de Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus aureus." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95018.

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Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O tratamento adequado da água nas redes de abastecimento é de grande importância, para que doenças sejam evitadas. O processo tradicional mais utilizado para desinfecção de água é a cloração, porém esta vem causando sérios problemas, já que subprodutos são formados. Entre eles estão os trihalometanos, prejudiciais à saúde humana, por serem cancerígenos e mutagênicos. Busca-se então, métodos alternativos de desinfecção da água para abastecimento público. Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POAs) são as chamadas “tecnologias limpas” e vêm sendo estudados para este fim, pois consistem na produção de radicais altamente oxidantes, que provocam a morte de microrganismos, sem deixar resíduos na água. Dentre os POAs estão os processos fotocatalíticos, que através de luz UV e um eletrodo semicondutor, produzem radicais hidroxila, capazes de inativar uma série de microrganismos. No presente trabalho testamos o processo fotocatalítico, utilizando luz UV-A e eletrodos de TiO2 para verificar a eficiência da fotocatálise sobre a inativação das bactérias Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus aureus. Foi verificado que o processo é eficaz, sendo que sua eficiência pode ser significativamente melhorada quando o eletrodo é dopado com íons prata (aceptor de elétrons), promovendo a desinfecção total da água
The disinfection of water has great importance because illnesses transmitted by water are prevented by killing of pathogenic microorganisms. The traditional process used for water disinfection is the chlorination. However, the chlorination produces some problems when chlorine reacts with organic matters forming trialomethanes. They are harmful to the health human and are carcinogenic and mutagenic. Thus, alternative methods for water disinfection such as: the advanced oxidative processes (AOP), such as the photocatalytic can be considered a “clean technology” because it consists of the highly oxidative substances like the hydroxyl radicals that provoke the death of microorganisms without leaving chemicals residues in the water. In the present work we tested the photocatalytic process using thermal TiO2 electrodes that works a semiconductor surface to producing hydroxyl radicals when UV light incises on the surface. The radical are capable to inactivate many kinds of microorganisms. We tested two bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It was verified that the process is efficient to kill bacteria and its efficiency can significantly be improved when the electrode was doped with silver ions (aceptor of electrons) promoting a total disinfection of water
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Manfredini, Ricardo Augusto. "Desenvolvimento e validação de método de análise de sequências genômicas baseada em padrões de entropia, coeficiente de clusterização e periodicidade." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1061.

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As sequências genômicas carregam uma ampla gama de informações sobre os organismos que a compõem. Obviamente, devido à grande semelhança destas informações e funções, espera-se que uma determinada sequência possa pertencer a muitos organismos, com probabilidades semelhantes. Entretanto, cada genoma carrega dentro de si certas peculiaridades que podem ser extraídas utilizando as ferramentas adequadas. Neste contexto, este trabalho propõe um processo de análise de sequências genômicas de bactérias, utilizando algumas medidas que são particularmente importantes: a entropia de triples (Sn), a quantificação da periodicidade 3 (P3) em uma sequência, o coeficiente de clusterização (D) e o percentual de GC. O processo aqui proposto nos permite inferir a qual organismo uma determinada sequência genômica pode pertencer, mostrando-se viável a sua utilização em metagenômica. Os resultados neste trabalho demonstram a eficácia deste método. Foram identificados 100% dos organismos presentes nas amostras estudadas (VP). Por outro lado, foi encontrado um grande número de organismos não pertencentes às amostras (FP), o que indica a grande similaridade de determinadas sequências, corroborando com alguns estudos que indicam que o genoma carrega consigo sequências órtologas, comuns a inúmeros organismos.
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Genomic sequences carry a wide range of information on organism that compose it. Obviously, by reason that great similarity of this information and functions, it is expected that each sequence can belong to many organisms with a similar probability. However, each genome carries within itself certain peculiarities that can be extracted using appropriate tools. In this context , this paper proposes a methodology for the analysis of genomic sequences of bacteria , using some measures that are particularly important : The entropy of triples ( Sn ) , the quantification of frequency 3 (P3) in a sequence , the clustering coefficient ( D ) and the percentage of GC . The method proposed here allows us to infer which a particular organism genome sequence may belong, being feasible for use in Metagenomics. The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of this method, 100 % of the organisms were identified in the samples studied (VP). On the other hand, a large number of bodies which did not belong samples were found (FP), which indicates the high similarity of certain sequences, corroborating some studies indicate that the genome carries ortholog sequences, common to countless organisms.
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Stuani, Fernando Henrique. "Avaliação da transferência de oxigênio em biorreatores de agitação mecânica e airlift visando à produção de pectinases por Aspergillus oryzae." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1127.

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Em biorreatores de agitação mecânica (STR), a circulação e a mistura do fluido são influenciadas pela configuração do equipamento e pela disposição dos impelidores e aspersores de gás. Já em biorreatores airlift, sua geometria e, principalmente, o tipo e forma de aspersão de oxigênio, têm primordial efeito tanto na transferência de oxigênio quanto no crescimento microbiano e na formação de produtos. Para o cultivo de Aspergillus oryzae IPT-301, o suprimento de oxigênio é um parâmetro fundamental, em razão do metabolismo unicamente aeróbio deste microrganismo. Neste contexto, analisou-se o transporte de massa gasosa em ambos os equipamentos, contendo fluidos com viscosidades distintas: água destilada e diferentes concentrações de soluções de pectina. Com estudos de mecânica dos fluidos, correlações matemáticas empíricas para determinação do coeficiente volumétrico de transferência de oxigênio (KLa) foram utilizadas para relacionar os resultados experimentais com os calculados. A produção de pectinases também foi avaliada nesses equipamentos. O meio de cultivo continha sais nutrientes, extrato de levedura, glicose e pectina cítrica. Avaliaram-se diferentes configurações de impelidores Rushton e pitched blade, além de várias geometrias de aspersores de gás, tais como ferradura de aço inoxidável, pedra sinterizada, aeradores de aquário e de latão e funis de vidro sinterizado. Em STR, a análise fatorial mostrou que os maiores incrementos de KLa foram com a combinação de impelidores Rushton, em água, com aspersor do tipo aquário a 700rpm e 1,71L/L/min; em airlift, com o aspersor aquário, alocado na região externa do tubo interno, e com o aspersor pedra sinterizada. O modelo proposto por Miller (1974) foi o mais adequado para determinar a potência requerida pelos fluidos deste trabalho, em STR e sob aeração. O modelo de Wang et al. (1979), com adaptações, ajustou-se aos dados com água; e para as soluções de pectina, a correlação descrita por Badino Jr. et al. (2001) foi melhor ajustada. Três ensaios para produção enzimática foram processados em STR: ambos com três impelidores Rushton, aspersores dos tipos ferradura (A), aquário (B) e aquário com meio com pectina desesterificada (C). Em airlift, foram testadas as condições produtivas com os aspersores do tipo aquário (externo) (A), pedra sinterizada (B) e aquário (externo), com pectina desesterificada (C). Em STR, o melhor resultado de KLa, em meio isento de células, foi na condição C (29,88h-1), bem como vantagens econômicas como o menor tempo de permanência da máxima frequência dos agitadores (tf,máx) (A: 23h; B: 8,5h; C:5h). Porém, resultado superior de máxima produção de pectinases foi na condição B (A: 24,60U/mL; B: 25,53U/mL; C: 13,36U/mL) em tf,máx inferior à condição A. Em airlift, o transporte de oxigênio, em meio isento de células, foi mais favorecido em A (21,96h-1), bem como o menor tempo máximo para manter a máxima vazão específica do gás (A: 29h; B: 72h; C: 57h). Além disso, a máxima atividade enzimática foi superior na mesma condição (A: 24,61U/mL; B: 21,94U/mL; C: 2,29U/mL). Assim, conclui-se que, desde que planejadas as condições operacionais e de processo de produção de pectinases de A. oryzae, ambos os biorreatores podem ser aplicados na produção de pectinases fúngicas.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior,CAPES
In stirred tank reactors (STR), circulation and mixing of fluid are influenced by the reactor configuration and by how the impellers and the gas spargers are arranged in them. On the other hand, in airlift bioreactors, their geometry and especially the type and form of oxygen sparging have an effect on both oxygen transfer and on microbial growth and product formation. Oxygen supply for the cultivation of Aspergillus oryzae IPT-301 is a key parameter due to the aerobic metabolism of this microorganism. In this context, oxygen transfer in both equipments was analyzed. They contained fluids with different viscosities: distilled water and different concentrations of pectin solutions. Through the use of fluid mechanics studies, empirical mathematical correlations were used in order to determine the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa) to match experimental and calculated results. Pectinase production was also assessed in those devices. The culture medium contained salts, yeast extract, glucose and citrus pectin. Different Rushton and pitched blade impeller configurations were evaluated, as well as various gas sparger geometries, such as stainless steel horseshoe, sintered stone, aquarium and brass spargers, and also sintered glass funnels. In STR, factorial design showed that the largest KLa value was obtained with the combination of Rushton impellers, in water, with the aquarium sparger, at 700rpm and 1.71L/min; in airlift, with the same sparger, put in the outer space of the inner tube and with the sintered stone sparger. The empirical correlation proposed by Miller (1974) was the most suitable one to determine the power requirement by the fluids in this work, in STR and under aeration. The correlation proposed by Wang et al. (1979), with adaptations, was better adjusted to the data set with water; the correlation described by Badino Jr. et al. (2001) was better suited for pectin solutions. Three tests for enzyme production were processed in STR: with three Rushton impellers, in all of them, and horseshoe (A), aquarium (B) and aquarium with non-esterified pectin medium (C) spargers. In airlift, enzyme production was tested with aquarium (external) (A), sintered stone (B) and aquarium (external) with non-esterified pectin (C) spargers. In STR, the best result of KLa in cell-free medium was provided in condition C (29.88h-1), as well as economic advantages such as shorter length of maintenance of the maximum impeller speed (tf,máx) (A: 23h; B: 8.5h; C: 5h). Nonetheless, higher pectinase production was obtained in condition B (A: 24.60U/mL; B: 25.53U/mL, C: 13.36U/mL) in tf,máx shorter than in condition A. In airlift, higher oxygen transfer in cell-free medium was obtained in condition A (21.96h-1), as well as the lowest length of maintenance of the maximum specific gas flow rate (A: 29h; B: 72h; C: 57h). Furthermore, maximum enzyme activity was higher in the same condition (A: 24.61U/mL; B: 21.94U/mL, C: 2.29U/mL). Thus, we conclude that if the operational conditions for pectinase production by A. oryzae are well planned, both bioreactors can be applied for the production of fungal pectinases.
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Drummond, Allison K. "Bioactive metabolites from microorganisms /." Electronic version (PDF), 2006. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2006/drummonda/allisondrummond.pdf.

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Mullins, Samuel J. "Ultrasonic Concentration of Microorganisms." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/7.

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Concentration of microorganisms from a sample volume would increase the limits of detection of samples used for rapid-detection methods. Rapid detection methods are is advantageous for the food industry to rapidly test for bacteria in order release products on a timely basis. Ultrasonic concentration was considered a promising method for manipulation of microorganisms. An ultrasonic chamber consisting of parallel piezoceramic discs with a reticulated polyurethane foam mesh was used to concentrate Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and Escherichia coli bacteria. The concentration of yeast was seen to increase by 200% (from 8.0 x 104 cells mL-1 to 2.4 x 105 cells mL-1) while almost zero concentration of bacteria was observed. The poor concentration effect seen with the smaller microorganisms was explained by the volume dependent acoustic radiation force exerted on the particles; the concentration forces are 1,000 times smaller for a 1 μm bacteria cell versus a 10 μm yeast cell.
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Garcia, Antonio Diego Molina. "Hydrodynamic studies on microorganisms." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303987.

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Ward, Glenn David. "Laser sterilization of microorganisms." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323363.

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Davey, Hazel Marie. "Flow cytometry of microorganisms." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309050.

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Books on the topic "Microorganisms"

1

Angel, Charlotte, and Kyle Boyd. Microorganisms. Lawrenceville, NJ: Cambridge Educational, 2005.

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Spilsbury, Louise. Microorganisms. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2014.

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Yves, Le Gal, and Muller-Feuga A, eds. Marine microorganisms for industry =: Microorganismes marins pour l'industrie. Plouzané, France: IFREMER, 1997.

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Epstein, Slava S. Uncultivated Microorganisms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2009.

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Nollet, Leo M. L. Marine Microorganisms. Boca Raton : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, 2017. | Series: Food: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315371832.

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Singh, Shailendra Kumar, Shanthy Sundaram, and Kaushal Kishor. Photosynthetic Microorganisms. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09123-5.

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Ventosa, Antonio, ed. Halophilic Microorganisms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07656-9.

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Epstein, Slava S., ed. Uncultivated Microorganisms. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85465-4.

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D, Brock Thomas. Biology of microorganisms. 5th ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall, 1988.

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Zengler, Karsten, ed. Accessing Uncultivated Microorganisms. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555815509.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microorganisms"

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Hawksworth, D. L. "Microorganisms." In Global Biodiversity, 47–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2282-5_6.

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Marriott, Norman G., and Gill Robertson. "Microorganisms." In Food Science Texts Series, 11–36. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6045-6_2.

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Wake, Akira, and Herbert R. Morgan. "Microorganisms." In Host-Parasite Relationships and the Yersinia Model, 3–8. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71344-6_1.

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Alderson, Pauline, and Martin Rowland. "Microorganisms." In Making Use of Biology, 17–32. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13563-9_2.

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Okie, Jordan G. "Microorganisms." In Metabolic Ecology, 133–53. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119968535.ch12.

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Alderson, Pauline, and Martin Rowland. "Microorganisms." In Making Use of Biology for GCSE, 15–29. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10062-0_2.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Microorganisms." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 462. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_7484.

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Brockhausen, Inka, and William Kuhns. "Microorganisms." In Glycoproteins and Human Disease, 141–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-21960-7_17.

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Plewig, Gerd, and Albert M. Kligman. "Microorganisms." In ACNE and ROSACEA, 59–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-97234-8_5.

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Ursula, Altmeyer, Redding Penelope, and Khanna Nitish. "Microorganisms." In Scott-Brown’s Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 181–93. Eighth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2018] | Preceded by Scott-Brown’s otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203731031-19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microorganisms"

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Abd Rahman, Hasrizal, M. Faizal Sedaralit, Suzalina Zainal, and Julia R. de Rezende. "Modelling Reservoir Souring Mitigation Strategy Based on Dynamic Microorganisms Interactions." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/211359-ms.

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Abstract Managing reservoir souring is on of the challenge in oil and gas industry, especially fields without previous records of H2S productions. Due to activities such as waterflooding, reservoirs’ conditions were changed, which indirectly inducing the environment to start producing H2S gas. In low temperature fields, main contributor to the H2S production was identified as biogenic process, where microorganisms catalyzed the sour gas production. Conventionally, sulphate reducing microorganism was always blamed as the culprit in contributing towards H2S production. However, abundance of literatures discussed about contribution of other microorganisms towards souring processes. Due to the complexity of their interactions, current approach to treat or control biogenic souring became one of the most challenging issues. This study will focus on the laboratory studies of sulphide production by microorganisms and modelling various microorganisms interactions towards chemical treatment introduced to mitigate it. Started with microorganisms sampling from fields with high SRB, the samples were then enriched in the laboratory. To identify microorganismss from samples, cultures were sent for PCR and DNA sequencing. Based on the results, microorganisms were profiled. Batch test were conducted by dosing pre-determined dosage of biocide and nitrate. Production of sulphide were monitored up to 92days. Based on the sulphide production, effectiveness of the treatments were determined. A model, which previously developed to determine the potential of reservoir souring, enhanced with addition of dynamic interaction of microorganisms. Factors such as nutrients, type of microorganisms, treatment chemicals, and their byproducts contributed towards the model. microorganisms. In the batch test, chemicals were dosed once into culture. Results obtained shows that nitrate treatment suppressed the sulphide production for ashort term period, where after the nitrate depleted, the number of microorganisms and sulphide productions were bounced back. Biocidetreatment, in contrast, generally suppressed all microorganisms in the cultures, effectively control the microorganisms number and maintaining low sulphide production for the entire duration of the experiment. The model that being developed in this study tested with synthetic data that mimick to field conditions, type of microorganisms and chemical treatments to observe their output pattern. It was found that the pattern output from the synthetic data matched with experimental results, which shows the model was sensitive and reliable to model the mitigation and control strategy for biogenic reservoir souring. The model based on dynamic interactions of microorganisms towards chemical treatments (biocide and/or nitrate) is the novel element in this study. Past studies were always focus on single population model, which SRB is the main input for the model, while this study enhanced its accuracy by introducing multi-population factor.
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Çelebi, Hakan, Tolga Bahadır, İsmail Şimşek, and Şevket Tulun. "Innovative Microorganisms in Environmental Cleanup: Effective Microorganism-Based Bioprocesses." In ECM 2023. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecm2023-16457.

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Kuznetsov, A. V., and N. Jiang. "A Model of Bioconvection of a Dilute Suspension of Gravitactic Microorganisms in an Isotropic Porous Medium." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/htd-24414.

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Abstract A new continuum model is formulated for bioconvection in a dilute suspension of swimming, gravitactic microorganisms in a porous medium. ‘Bioconvection’ is the name given to pattern-forming convective motions set up in suspensions of swimming microorganisms. ‘Gravitaxis’ describes the way of the swimming and means that microorganisms tend to swim against the gravity. The aim of this paper is to analyze collective behaviour and pattern formation in populations of swimming microorganisms. The existence and stability of a two-dimensional plume in a tall, narrow chamber with stress-free sidewalls is investigated. Governing equations include the Darcy law and the microorganism conservation equation. A conservative finite-difference scheme is used to solve these equations numerically.
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Soreanu, Gabriela, Igor Cretescu, Doina Lutic, Maria Harja, and Stelian Sergiu Maier. "STUDY OF MICROALGAE INFLUENCE ON CARBON CAPTURE FROM GASEOUS STREAMS WITHIN THE BIOTRICKLING FILTRATION PROCESS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.50.

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In this work, a brief assessment of using microalgae (Arthrospira platensis PCC 8005) for lowering carbon emissions during biotrickling filtration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air is performed. In this regard, the removal efficiency of acetic acid vapors (used as model VOC in this study) and carbon dioxide production from this process are evaluated in the presence of: (1) classical microorganisms (e.g. from compost), (2) mixture of compost microorganisms and microalgae, (3) microalgae. A blank trial (microorganisms-free) was considered as reference. The obtained results indicate the contribution of both microorganism�s type (alone or in mixture) to the VOC removal. Remarkably, their mixture exhibited the lowest carbon emission and thus the highest environmental performance due not only VOC biodegradation, but also simultaneously carbon dioxide uptake by microalgae.
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Konesky, Gregory. "Can Venus shed microorganisms?" In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Richard B. Hoover, Gilbert V. Levin, Alexei Y. Rozanov, and Kurt D. Retherford. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.828643.

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Farinola, Gianluca Maria. "Optoelectronics with photosynthetic microorganisms." In Light Actuators for Optical Stimulation of Living Systems. València: FUNDACIO DE LA COMUNITAT VALENCIANA SCITO, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29363/nanoge.liv-act.2022.007.

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Fu, Henry C., Vivek Shenoy, Thomas Powers, and Charles W. Wolgemuth. "Swimming Microorganisms in Complex Media." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13155.

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Microogranisms such as sperm and E. coli swim in a low-Reynolds number environment. In the zero-Reynolds-number Stokes limit, their kinematics are completely controlled by viscous forces and inertia is unimportant. This swimming environment is quite different from our usual (high Reynolds number) intuition about swimming. For example, due to the kinematic reversibility of Stokes flow, motions that look the same going forward and backward in time, such as the linear motion of an oar-like appendage, do not lead to net translation. Thus microorganisms in Newtonian fluids use swimming motions with a clear time-direction, such as the traveling waves or rotating corkscrew shapes of eukaryotic and bacterial flagella, respectively. While there has been much investigation of microorganism swimming in Newtonian fluids such as water, much less attention has been paid to swimming in complex materials, such as non-Newtonian, viscoelastic fluids and gels. However, in many cases microorganisms do in fact swim through such complex materials in their natural biological environments. For example, mammalian sperm swim through viscoelastic cervical mucus in the female reproductive tract, while H. pylori swim through the gastric mucus lining the inside of the stomach. In this talk I discuss two ways in which swimming through complex media differs from swimming in Newtonian fluids. First, the forces exerted by a viscoelastic medium are different from those exerted by a Newtonian fluid. I address how this affects swimming shapes and speeds of flexible swimmers such as sperm. Second, I discuss swimming through solids such as gels, where compressibility and heterogeneity become important.
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8

Kuznetsov, A. V., and N. Jiang. "Investigation of the Effect of Cell Deposition and Declogging on Bioconvection in Porous Media." In ASME 2002 Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Division Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2002-31105.

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The mechanisms of deposition and declogging are considered while formulating a new continuum model for bioconvection in a dilute suspension of swimming, gravitactic microorganisms in a porous medium. “Bioconvection” is the name given to pattern-forming convective motions set up in suspensions of swimming microorganisms. “Gravitaxis” means that microorganisms tend to swim against the gravitational force. The aim of this paper is to analyze the collective behavior and pattern formation in populations of swimming microorganisms. The decrease of permeability due to cell adsorption by the porous medium is considered and the influence this permeability decrease has on the development of bioconvection is studied. The existence and stability of a two-dimensional plume in a rectangular chamber with stress-free sidewalls is investigated. Governing equations include the Darcy law as well as the microorganism conservation equation. A conservative finite-difference scheme is utilized to solve these equations numerically. The analysis of the proposed model reveals that major factors that affect the development of bioconvection are the initial permeability of the porous medium and the rate of cell deposition. For small permeability, the resistance to the fluid flow is too large, and bioconvection does not develop. If the rate of cell deposition is too large, the number of suspended cells quickly becomes too small because of the capturing of cells by the porous medium. For this reason the critical density difference in the top fluid layer cannot be reached, and bioconvection does not develop.
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9

Astafieva, Marina M., Richard B. Hoover, Alexei Yu Rozanov, and Alexander B. Vrevskiy. "Fossil microorganisms in the Archaean." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by Richard B. Hoover, Gilbert V. Levin, and Alexei Y. Rozanov. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.681660.

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Oren, Aharon, and Roland S. Oremland. "Diversity of anaerobic halophilic microorganisms." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Richard B. Hoover. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.411614.

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Reports on the topic "Microorganisms"

1

Sharples, F. (Genetically engineered microorganisms). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5714807.

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Parshikov, Igor. Microorganisms in Chemistry of Terpenoids. Intellectual Archive, February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32370/iaj.2265.

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Nierzwicki-Bauer, S. A. Phylogenetic relationships among subsurface microorganisms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6106595.

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Davison, B. (Ethanol production by immobilized microorganisms). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6839847.

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Happel, A. M. Evaluation of actinide biosorption by microorganisms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/398544.

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Neustroyev, M. P., and N. P. Tarabukina. The survival of microorganisms in permafrost. Yakut State Agricultural Academy, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-9624-1718-9-78-80.

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Crowley, David, Yitzhak Hadar, and Yona Chen. Rhizosphere Ecology of Plant-Beneficial Microorganisms. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7695843.bard.

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Rhizoferrin, a siderophore produced by Rhizopus arrhizus, has been shown in previous studies to be an outstanding Fe carrier to plants. However, calculations based on stability constants and thermodynamic equilibrium lead to contradicting conclusions. In this study a kinetic approach was employed to elucidate this apparent contradiction and to determine the behavior of rhizoferrin under conditions representing soil and nutrient solutions. Stability of Fe3+ complexes in nutrient solution, rate of metal exchange with Ca, and rate of Fe extraction by the free ligand were monitored for rhizoferrin and other chelating agents by 55Fe labeling. Ferric complexes of rhizoferrin, desferri-ferrioxamine-B (DFOB), and ethylenediamine-di(o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) (EDDHA) were found to be stable in nutrient solution at pH 7.5 for 31 days, while ferric complexes of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and mugineic acid (MA) lost 50% of the chelated Fe within 2 days. Fe-Ca exchange in Ca solutions at pH 8.7 revealed rhizoferrin to hold Fe at non-equilibrium state for 3-4 weeks at 3.3 mM Ca and for longer periods at lower Ca concentrations. EDTA lost the ferric ion at a faster rate under the same conditions. Fe extraction from freshly prepared Fe-hydroxide at pH 8.7 and with 3.2 mM Ca was slow and followed the order. DFOB > EDDHA > MA > rhizoferrin > EDTA. Based on these results we suggest that a kinetic rather than equilibrium approach should be the basis for predictions of Fe-chelates efficiency. We conclude that the non-equilibrium state of rhizoferrin is of crucial importance for its behavior as a Fe carrier to plants.
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8

Yuan, Joshua S., Arthur Ragauskas, and Zhihua Liu. Synthetic Design of Microorganisms for Lignin Fuel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1472013.

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9

Nierzwicki-Bauer, S. A. Phylogenetic relationships among subsurface microorganisms. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10106325.

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10

Hunter-Cevera, Jennie C., Vladimir E. Repin, and Tamas Torok. Search for ancient microorganisms in Lake Baikal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/877610.

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