Journal articles: 'Microfluidics and nanofluidics'

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Yang, Ruey-Jen. "Microfluidics and Nanofluidics." Inventions 4, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions4010012.

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Prakash, Shaurya, Marie Pinti, and Bharat Bhushan. "Theory, fabrication and applications of microfluidic and nanofluidic biosensors." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 370, no. 1967 (May 28, 2012): 2269–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2011.0498.

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Biosensors are a broad array of devices that detect the type and amount of a biological species or biomolecule. Several different types of biosensors have been developed that rely on changes to mechanical, chemical or electrical properties of the transduction or sensing element to induce a measurable signal. Often, a biosensor will integrate several functions or unit operations such as sample extraction, manipulation and detection on a single platform. This review begins with an overview of the current state-of-the-art biosensor field. Next, the review delves into a special class of biosensors that rely on microfluidics and nanofluidics by presenting the underlying theory, fabrication and several examples and applications of microfluidic and nanofluidic sensors.

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Tiwari, Ashutosh. "Microfluidics And Nanofluidics Conference Series." Advanced Materials Letters 8, no. 7 (July 1, 2017): 752–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2017/7001.

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Yeo, Leslie, Hsueh-Chia Chang, and Weijia Wen. "Advances in Microfluidics and Nanofluidics." Applied Rheology 19, no. 3 (June 1, 2009): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arh-2009-0023.

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Sahadevan, Vignesh, Bivas Panigrahi, and Chia-Yuan Chen. "Microfluidic Applications of Artificial Cilia: Recent Progress, Demonstration, and Future Perspectives." Micromachines 13, no. 5 (May 3, 2022): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13050735.

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Artificial cilia-based microfluidics is a promising alternative in lab-on-a-chip applications which provides an efficient way to manipulate fluid flow in a microfluidic environment with high precision. Additionally, it can induce favorable local flows toward practical biomedical applications. The endowment of artificial cilia with their anatomy and capabilities such as mixing, pumping, transporting, and sensing lead to advance next-generation applications including precision medicine, digital nanofluidics, and lab-on-chip systems. This review summarizes the importance and significance of the artificial cilia, delineates the recent progress in artificial cilia-based microfluidics toward microfluidic application, and provides future perspectives. The presented knowledge and insights are envisaged to pave the way for innovative advances for the research communities in miniaturization.

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Hu, Guoqing, and Dongqing Li. "Multiscale phenomena in microfluidics and nanofluidics." Chemical Engineering Science 62, no. 13 (July 2007): 3443–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2006.11.058.

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Sima, Felix, and Koji Sugioka. "Ultrafast laser manufacturing of nanofluidic systems." Nanophotonics 10, no. 9 (June 11, 2021): 2389–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0159.

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Abstract In the last decades, research and development of microfluidics have made extraordinary progress, since they have revolutionized the biological and chemical fields as a backbone of lab-on-a-chip systems. Further advancement pushes to miniaturize the architectures to nanoscale in terms of both the sizes and the fluid dynamics for some specific applications including investigation of biological sub-cellular aspects and chemical analysis with much improved detection limits. In particular, nano-scale channels offer new opportunities for tests at single cell or even molecular levels. Thus, nanofluidics, which is a microfluidic system involving channels with nanometer dimensions typically smaller than several hundred nm, has been proposed as an ideal platform for investigating fundamental molecular events at the cell-extracellular milieu interface, biological sensing, and more recently for studying cancer cell migration in a space much narrower than the cell size. In addition, nanofluidics can be used for sample manipulation in analytical chemistry, such as sample injections, separation, purifications or for quantitative and qualitative determinations. Among the nanofabrication technologies, ultrafast laser manufacturing is a promising tool for fabrication of nanofluidics due to its flexibility, versatility, high fabrication resolution and three dimensional (3D) fabrication capability. In this paper, we review the technological advancements of nanofluidic systems, with emphasis on fabrication methods, in particular ultrafast laser manufacturing. We present the challenges for issues concerning channel sizes and fluid dynamics, and introduce the applications in physics, biology, chemistry and engineering with future prospects.

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Mawatari, Kazuma, Hiroki Koreeda, Koji Ohara, Shinji Kohara, Koji Yoshida, Toshio Yamaguchi, and Takehiko Kitamori. "Nano X-ray diffractometry device for nanofluidics." Lab on a Chip 18, no. 8 (2018): 1259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8lc00077h.

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Cao, Han, Jonas O. Tegenfeldt, Robert H. Austin, and Stephen Y. Chou. "Gradient nanostructures for interfacing microfluidics and nanofluidics." Applied Physics Letters 81, no. 16 (October 14, 2002): 3058–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1515115.

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Morikawa, Kyojiro, Ryoichi Ohta, Kazuma Mawatari, and Takehiko Kitamori. "Metal-Free Fabrication of Fused Silica Extended Nanofluidic Channel to Remove Artifacts in Chemical Analysis." Micromachines 12, no. 8 (July 31, 2021): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12080917.

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In microfluidics, especially in nanofluidics, nanochannels with functionalized surfaces have recently attracted attention for use as a new tool for the investigation of chemical reaction fields. Molecules handled in the reaction field can reach the single–molecule level due to the small size of the nanochannel. In such surroundings, contamination of the channel surface should be removed at the single–molecule level. In this study, it was assumed that metal materials could contaminate the nanochannels during the fabrication processes; therefore, we aimed to develop metal-free fabrication processes. Fused silica channels 1000 nm-deep were conventionally fabricated using a chromium mask. Instead of chromium, electron beam resists more than 1000 nm thick were used and the lithography conditions were optimized. From the results of optimization, channels with 1000 nm scale width and depth were fabricated on fused silica substrates without the use of a chromium mask. In nanofluidic experiments, an oxidation reaction was observed in a device fabricated by conventional fabrication processes using a chromium mask. It was found that Cr6+ remained on the channel surfaces and reacted with chemicals in the liquid phase in the extended nanochannels; this effect occurred at least to the micromolar level. In contrast, the device fabricated with metal-free processes was free of artifacts induced by the presence of chromium. The developed fabrication processes and results of this study will be a significant contribution to the fundamental technologies employed in the fields of microfluidics and nanofluidics.

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Chen, Xueye, Tiechuan Li, Jienan Shen, and Zengliang Hu. "Fractal design of microfluidics and nanofluidics—A review." Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 155 (July 2016): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2016.04.003.

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Chen, L., C. Yang, Y. Xiao, X. Yan, L. Hu, M. Eggersdorfer, D. Chen, D. A. Weitz, and F. Ye. "Millifluidics, microfluidics, and nanofluidics: manipulating fluids at varying length scales." Materials Today Nano 16 (December 2021): 100136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2021.100136.

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Yeo, Leslie Y. "Engaging the microfluidics and nanofluidics community into the next decade." Biomicrofluidics 13, no. 1 (January 2019): 010401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5088575.

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Xuan, Xiangchun, Yuejun Kang, and Jiashu Sun. "Microfluidics, Nanofluidics, and Lab‐on‐a‐Chip in Asia 2019." ELECTROPHORESIS 41, no. 10-11 (June 2020): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.202070054.

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Wohld, Jake, Joshua Beck, Kallie Inman, Michael Palmer, Marcus Cummings, Ryan Fulmer, and Saeid Vafaei. "Hybrid Nanofluid Thermal Conductivity and Optimization: Original Approach and Background." Nanomaterials 12, no. 16 (August 18, 2022): 2847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12162847.

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The focus of this paper was to develop a comprehensive nanofluid thermal conductivity model that can be applied to nanofluids with any number of distinct nanoparticles for a given base fluid, concentration, temperature, particle material, and particle diameter. For the first time, this model permits a direct analytical comparison between nanofluids with a different number of distinct nanoparticles. It was observed that the model’s average error was ~5.289% when compared with independent experimental data for hybrid nanofluids, which is lower than the average error of the best preexisting hybrid nanofluid model. Additionally, the effects of the operating temperature and nanoparticle concentration on the thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids were investigated theoretically and experimentally. It was found that optimization of the operating conditions and characteristics of nanofluids is crucial to maximize the heat transfer coefficient in nanofluidics and microfluidics. Furthermore, the existing theoretical models to predict nanofluid thermal conductivity were discussed based on the main mechanisms of energy transfer, including Effective Medium Theory, Brownian motion, the nanolayer, aggregation, Molecular Dynamics simulations, and enhancement in hybrid nanofluids. The advantage and disadvantage of each model, as well as the level of accuracy of each model, were examined using independent experimental data.

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GRUMEZESCU, Alexandru. "Editorial: (Thematic Issue: Nanofluidics and Microfluidics: Novel Approaches in Biomedical Science)." Current Proteomics 11, no. 2 (September 17, 2014): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016461102140917121256.

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Zhao, Qiang, Yunjiao Wang, Bangyong Sun, Deqiang Wang, and Gang Li. "Nanogap Electrode-Enabled Versatile Electrokinetic Manipulation of Nanometric Species in Fluids." Biosensors 12, no. 7 (June 24, 2022): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12070451.

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Noninvasive manipulation of nanoscopic species in liquids has attracted considerable attention due to its potential applications in diverse fields. Many sophisticated methodologies have been developed to control and study nanoscopic entities, but the low-power, cost-effective, and versatile manipulation of nanometer-sized objects in liquids remains challenging. Here, we present a dielectrophoretic (DEP) manipulation technique based on nanogap electrodes, with which the on-demand capturing, enriching, and sorting of nano-objects in microfluidic systems can be achieved. The dielectrophoretic control unit consists of a pair of swelling-induced nanogap electrodes crossing a microchannel, generating a steep electric field gradient and thus strong DEP force for the effective manipulation of nano-objects microfluidics. The trapping, enriching, and sorting of nanoparticles and DNAs were performed with this device to demonstrate its potential applications in micro/nanofluidics, which opens an alternative avenue for the non-invasive manipulation and characterization of nanoparticles such as DNA, proteins, and viruses.

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Höltzel, Alexandra, and Ulrich Tallarek. "Ionic conductance of nanopores in microscale analysis systems: Where microfluidics meets nanofluidics." Journal of Separation Science 30, no. 10 (July 2007): 1398–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200600427.

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Toprakcioglu, Zenon, Pavan Kumar Challa, David B. Morse, and Tuomas Knowles. "Attoliter protein nanogels from droplet nanofluidics for intracellular delivery." Science Advances 6, no. 6 (February 2020): eaay7952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay7952.

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Microscale hydrogels consisting of macromolecular networks in aqueous continuous phases have received increasing attention because of their potential use in tissue engineering, cell encapsulation and for the storage and release of cargo molecules. However, for applications targeting intracellular delivery, their micrometer-scale size is unsuitable for effective cellular uptake. Nanoscale analogs of such materials are thus required for this key area. Here, we describe a microfluidics/nanofluidics-based strategy for generating monodisperse nanosized water-in-oil emulsions with controllable sizes ranging from 2500 ± 110 nm down to 51 ± 6 nm. We demonstrate that these nanoemulsions can act as templates to form protein nanogels stabilized by supramolecular fibrils from three different proteins. We further show that these nanoparticles have the ability to penetrate mammalian cell membranes and deliver intracellular cargo. Due to their biocompatibility and lack of toxicity, natural protein-based nanoparticles present advantageous characteristics as vehicles for cargo molecules in the context of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.

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Sano, Hiroki, Yutaka Kazoe, Kyojiro Morikawa, and Takehiko Kitamori. "Picoliter liquid operations in nanofluidic channel utilizing an open/close valve with nanoscale curved structure mimicking glass deflection." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 32, no. 5 (April 11, 2022): 055009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/ac6204.

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Abstract Microfluidics has downscaled to nanofluidics to achieve state-of-the-art analyses at single/countable molecules level. In nanofluidic analytical devices, switching and partitioning reagents in nanochannels without contamination are essential operations. For such operations, we have developed a nanochannel open/close valve utilizing elastic glass deformation. However, owing to a rectangular-shaped nanospace, sample leakage due to diffusion through the remaining open space in the closed valve occurs and causes contamination. Herein, we propose a fabrication method of nanoscale curved structure resembling the glass deflection shape to develop the nanofluidic valve for switching and partitioning operations in nanochannels. After fabricating a four-stepped rectangular nanospace by electron beam lithography and dry etching, the space was plastically deformed using an impulsive force by pressing the chamber more than 20 000 times. A smoothly curved structure with a high aspect ratio of 750 (75 μm width and 100 nm depth) fitting the glass deflection shape, which has been difficult for conventional methods, was successfully fabricated. Utilizing a valve with the curved structure, the solute leakage through the closed valve was reduced to less than 0.5% with a 94% decreased diffusion flux compared to previous valve with the rectangular-shaped structure. The developed valve realized switching of 72 pl reagents in a nanochannel with a response time of 0.4 s, which is sufficient for nanofluidic-chromatography, and it correctly worked even after an interval of 30 min, which is required for repeatable nanofluidic analyses. The newly developed valve will contribute to realizing versatile nanofluidic analytical devices.

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Xu, Yan, Kihoon Jang, Tadahiro Yamashita, Yo Tanaka, Kazuma Mawatari, and Takehiko Kitamori. "Microchip-based cellular biochemical systems for practical applications and fundamental research: from microfluidics to nanofluidics." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 402, no. 1 (August 17, 2011): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5296-5.

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Liu, Weiyu, Jinyou Shao, Yukun Ren, Jiangwei Liu, Ye Tao, Hongyuan Jiang, and Yucheng Ding. "On utilizing alternating current-flow field effect transistor for flexibly manipulating particles in microfluidics and nanofluidics." Biomicrofluidics 10, no. 3 (May 2016): 034105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4949771.

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Nisticò, Roberto. "Block copolymers for designing nanostructured porous coatings." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 9 (August 29, 2018): 2332–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.9.218.

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Highly ordered porous coatings find applications in many fields, such as nanotechnology, microfluidics and nanofluidics, membrane separation, and sensing. In recent years, there has been great interest regarding the synthesis of isoporous and well-ordered (in)organic coatings for the production of highly selective functional membranes. Among the different strategies that have been proposed to date for preparing these porous thin coatings, one simple route involves the use of self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymers either as the porogen (acting as sacrificial templating agents for the production of inorganic architectures) or as a source of the porogen (by self-assembly for the production of polymeric substrates). Therefore, an extended discussion around the exploitation of block copolymers is proposed here in this review, using polystyrene-block-polyethylene oxide (PS-b-PEO) as the model substrate, and critical points are highlighted.

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Liu, Weiyu, Yukun Ren, Feng Chen, Jingni Song, Ye Tao, Kai Du, and Qisheng Wu. "A microscopic physical description of electrothermal‐induced flow for control of ion current transport in microfluidics interfacing nanofluidics." ELECTROPHORESIS 40, no. 20 (March 25, 2019): 2683–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.201900105.

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Chou, Chia-Fu, Pei-Kuen Wei, and Yeng-Long Chen. "Preface to Special Topic: Selected Papers from the Advances in Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 2014 Conference in Honor of Professor Hsueh-Chia Chang's 60th Birthday." Biomicrofluidics 8, no. 5 (September 2014): 051901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4900715.

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Wang, Z. P., and C. Yang. "Preface to Special Topic: Selected Papers from the Second Conference on Advances in Microfluidics and Nanofluidics and Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Lab on Chip." Biomicrofluidics 6, no. 1 (March 2012): 012701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3692256.

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Yeo, Leslie Y. "Preface to Special Topic: Papers from the 2009 Conference on Advances in Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, 2009." Biomicrofluidics 3, no. 2 (June 2009): 022301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3167278.

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Yeo, Leslie Y., Weija Wen, and Hsueh-Chia Chang. "Preface to Special Topic: Invited Papers from the 2009 Conference on Advances in Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, 2009." Biomicrofluidics 3, no. 1 (March 2009): 011901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3119803.

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Hibst, Nicolas, Annina M. Steinbach, and Steffen Strehle. "Fluidic and Electronic Transport in Silicon Nanotube Biosensors." MRS Advances 1, no. 56 (2016): 3761–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.330.

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ABSTRACTSilicon nanotubes (SiNTs) represent unique building blocks for future nanoscale biosensor devices merging electronic sensing and nanofluidics. Configured as ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFETs), SiNTs have great potential for charge sensing or label-free chemical detection in minute sample volumes flowing through their inner cavity. In the present study, doped SiNTs were synthesized from the gas phase in a bottom-up approach. To study their nanofluidic and electronic transport properties, single SiNTs were functionally integrated as ISFETs and coupled to a microfluidic system. The experimental results for ion diffusion through a SiNT are in full agreement with numerical calculations based on Fick's second law if a diffusion coefficient is assumed approximately one order of magnitude smaller than the bulk value.

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Pezzuoli, Denise, Elena Angeli, Diego Repetto, Francesca Ferrera, Patrizia Guida, Giuseppe Firpo, and Luca Repetto. "Nanofluidic-Based Accumulation of Antigens for Miniaturized Immunoassay." Sensors 20, no. 6 (March 13, 2020): 1615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061615.

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The continuous advances of Nanofluidics have been stimulating the development of novel nanostructures and strategies to accumulate very diluted analytes, for implementing a new class of high sensitivity miniaturized polymeric sensors. We take advantage of the electrokinetic properties of these structures, which allow accumulating analytes inside asymmetric microfluidic structures to implement miniaturized sensors able to detect diluted solutions down to nearly 1.2 pg/mL. In particular, exploiting polydimethylsiloxane devices, fabricated by using the junction gap breakdown technique, we concentrate antigens inside a thin microfunnel functionalized with specific antibodies to favor the interaction and, if it is the case, the recognition between antigens in solution and antibodies anchored to the surface. The transduction mechanism consists in detecting the fluorescence signal of labeled avidin when it binds to biotinylated antigens. Here, we demonstrate that exploiting these electrokinetic phenomena, typical of nanofluidic structures, we succeeded in concentrating biomolecules in correspondence of a 1 pL sensing region, a strategy that grants to the device performance comparable to standard immunoassays.

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Hur, Jeongsoo, and Aram J. Chung. "Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Intracellular Delivery." Advanced Science 8, no. 15 (June 6, 2021): 2004595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202004595.

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Millet, Larry J., Mitchel J. Doktycz, and Scott T. Retterer. "Nanofluidic interfaces in microfluidic networks." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena 33, no. 6 (November 2015): 06FM01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.4931590.

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Rabiee, Navid, Sepideh Ahmadi, Yousef Fatahi, Mohammad Rabiee, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Rassoul Dinarvand, Babak Bagheri, Payam Zarrintaj, Mohammad Reza Saeb, and Thomas J. Webster. "Nanotechnology-assisted microfluidic systems: from bench to bedside." Nanomedicine 16, no. 3 (February 2021): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2020-0353.

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With significant advancements in research technologies, and an increasing global population, microfluidic and nanofluidic systems (such as point-of-care, lab-on-a-chip, organ-on-a-chip, etc) have started to revolutionize medicine. Devices that combine micron and nanotechnologies have increased sensitivity, precision and versatility for numerous medical applications. However, while there has been extensive research on microfluidic and nanofluidic systems, very few have experienced wide-spread commercialization which is puzzling and deserves our collective attention. For the above reasons, in this article, we review research advances that combine micro and nanotechnologies to create the next generation of nanomaterial-based microfluidic systems, the latest in their commercialization success and failure and highlight the value of these devices both in industry and in the laboratory.

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Bao, Bo, Jason Riordon, Farshid Mostowfi, and David Sinton. "Microfluidic and nanofluidic phase behaviour characterization for industrial CO2, oil and gas." Lab on a Chip 17, no. 16 (2017): 2740–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7lc00301c.

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van den Berg, Albert, Harold G. Craighead, and Peidong Yang. "From microfluidic applications to nanofluidic phenomena." Chemical Society Reviews 39, no. 3 (2010): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c001349h.

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Zhang, Yuxiang, Wei Jiang, and Liqiu Wang. "Microfluidic synthesis of copper nanofluids." Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 9, no. 4-5 (March 19, 2010): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10404-010-0586-3.

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Goel, Sanket, Lanka Tata Rao, Prakash Rewatkar, Haroon Khan, Satish Kumar Dubey, Arshad Javed, Gyu Man Kim, and Sanket Goel. "Single microfluidic fuel cell with three fuels – formic acid, glucose and microbes: A comparative performance investigation." Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering 11, no. 4 (October 5, 2021): 306–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5599/jese.1092.

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The development of microfluidic and nanofluidic devices is gaining remarkable attention due to the emphasis put on miniaturization of conventional energy conversion and storage processes. A microfluidic fuel cell can integrate flow of electrolytes, electrode-electrolyte interactions, and power generation in a microfluidic channel. Such microfluidic fuel cells can be categorized on the basis of electrolytes and catalysts used for power generation. In this work, for the first time, a single microfluidic fuel cell was harnessed by using different fuels like glucose, microbes and formic acid. Herein, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) acted as electrode material, and performance investigations were carried out separately on the same microfluidic device for three different types of fuel cells (formic acid, microbial and enzymatic). The fabricated miniaturized microfluidic device was successfully used to harvest energy in microwatts from formic acid, microbes and glucose, without any metallic catalyst. The developed microfluidic fuel cells can maintain stable open-circuit voltage, which can be used for energizing various low-power portable devices or applications.

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Goel, Sanket, Lanka Tata Rao, Prakash Rewatkar, Haroon Khan, Satish Kumar Dubey, Arshad Javed, Gyu Man Kim, and Sanket Goel. "Single microfluidic fuel cell with three fuels – formic acid, glucose and microbes: A comparative performance investigation." Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering 11, no. 4 (October 5, 2021): 306–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5599/jese.1092.

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The development of microfluidic and nanofluidic devices is gaining remarkable attention due to the emphasis put on miniaturization of conventional energy conversion and storage processes. A microfluidic fuel cell can integrate flow of electrolytes, electrode-electrolyte interactions, and power generation in a microfluidic channel. Such microfluidic fuel cells can be categorized on the basis of electrolytes and catalysts used for power generation. In this work, for the first time, a single microfluidic fuel cell was harnessed by using different fuels like glucose, microbes and formic acid. Herein, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) acted as electrode material, and performance investigations were carried out separately on the same microfluidic device for three different types of fuel cells (formic acid, microbial and enzymatic). The fabricated miniaturized microfluidic device was successfully used to harvest energy in microwatts from formic acid, microbes and glucose, without any metallic catalyst. The developed microfluidic fuel cells can maintain stable open-circuit voltage, which can be used for energizing various low-power portable devices or applications.

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Ponmani, Swaminathan, R. Nagarajan, and Jitendra S. Sangwai. "Effect of Nanofluids of CuO and ZnO in Polyethylene Glycol and Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Thermal, Electrical, and Filtration-Loss Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluids." SPE Journal 21, no. 02 (April 14, 2016): 405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/178919-pa.

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Summary The challenges in drilling problems such as formation damage, pipe sticking, lost circulation, poor hole cleaning, and fluid loss need better solutions. Nanotechnology, by means of nanofluids, provides potential solutions for the development of improved water-based mud (WBM). This work presents the use of nanofluids of CuO and ZnO prepared in various base fluids, such as xanthan gum, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which are commonly used in oilfield operations, for the development of nanofluid-enhanced drilling mud (NWBM). In this paper, formulations of various nanofluids with varying concentrations of nanoparticles, such as 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt%, were investigated for their effect on the thermal, electrical, and fluid-loss properties of NWBM. In addition, these results also were compared with those obtained with microfluids of CuO and ZnO for the microfluid-enhanced drilling mud (MWBM) to understand the effect of particle size. It is observed that the use of nanofluids in WBM helps to improve their thermal properties, with an associated direct impact on their cooling efficiency at downhole and surface conditions compared with those using microfluid. Filtration-loss and filter-cake-thickness studies on WBM, MWBM, and NWBM were also carried out with an American Petroleum Institute (API) filter press. It is observed that the fluid loss decreases with addition of the nanofluids and microfluids in WBM, with nanofluids showing an improved efficacy over microfluids. The studies, in general, bear testimony to the efficacy of nanofluids in the development of next-generation improved water-based drilling fluids suitable for efficient drilling.

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Wei, Xiaohao, and Liqiu Wang. "Microfluidic Method for Synthesizing Cu2O Nanofluids." Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer 24, no. 2 (April 2010): 445–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.48984.

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Song, Yongxin, Junyan Zhang, and Dongqing Li. "Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Resistive Pulse Sensing: A Review." Micromachines 8, no. 7 (June 25, 2017): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi8070204.

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Kuo, Tzu-Chi, Donald M. Cannon,, Yanning Chen, Joseph J. Tulock, Mark A. Shannon, Jonathan V. Sweedler, and Paul W. Bohn. "Gateable Nanofluidic Interconnects for Multilayered Microfluidic Separation Systems." Analytical Chemistry 75, no. 8 (April 2003): 1861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac025958m.

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Duh, A., A. Suhel, B. D. Hauer, R. Saeedi, P. H. Kim, T. S. Biswas, and J. P. Davis. "Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Cavities for Quantum Fluids Experiments." Journal of Low Temperature Physics 168, no. 1-2 (March 21, 2012): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-012-0617-4.

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Subbaiah, Nagaraj Krishna, Karthick Jeganathan, Anitha Shiva, Suma Belthur Narayan, Gopalkrishna Mahadeva Hegde, Sneh Vaswani, and Sindhulakshmi Kurup. "Fabrication of Microfluidic–Nanofluidic Channels with Integrated Electrodes." IETE Technical Review 33, no. 1 (June 15, 2015): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02564602.2015.1042932.

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Yarin, Alexander L. "Novel nanofluidic and microfluidic devices and their applications." Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering 29 (September 2020): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2020.02.004.

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Kant, Krishna, Jeongha Yoo, Steven Amos, Mason Erkelens, Craig Priest, Joe G. Shapter, and Dusan Losic. "Microbial cell lysis and nucleic acid extraction via nanofluidic channel." RSC Advances 5, no. 30 (2015): 23886–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra01336d.

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Sczech, Ronny, Steffen Howitz, and Michael Mertig. "Diffusion and Electrophoretic Transport of DNA Polymers in Microfluidic Channels Made of PDMS." Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (April 2011): 1091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.1091.

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DNA molecules can be transported through microchannels with help of electrophoresis and flow. Confinement of DNA molecules leads to elongation of their unconstrained equilibrium configuration when passing the microchannel. Application of electrical fields reduces the mobility and entails DNA trapping because of high gradients of the field due to a decrease in the channels’ magnitude. Microfluidic channels in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were formed by soft replica molding technology combining micro- and nanofluidic features. The applicability of the hybrid micro- and nanofluidic PDMS structures for single molecule observation and manipulation was demonstrated by introducing single molecules of λ-DNA into the channels using optimized conditions for the applied potential and flow.

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Miller, Scott A., Kathleen C. Kelly, and Aaron T. Timperman. "Ionic current rectification at a nanofluidic/microfluidic interface with an asymmetric microfluidic system." Lab on a Chip 8, no. 10 (2008): 1729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b808179d.

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Kieviet, Bernard D., Peter M. Schön, and G. Julius Vancso. "Stimulus-responsive polymers and other functional polymer surfaces as components in glass microfluidic channels." Lab Chip 14, no. 21 (2014): 4159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc00784k.

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Pennathur, Sumita, and Pete Crisalli. "Low Temperature Fabrication and Surface Modification Methods for Fused Silica Micro- and Nanochannels." MRS Proceedings 1659 (2014): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2014.32.

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ABSTRACTElectrokinetic based micro- and nanofluidic technologies provide revolutionary opportunities to separate, identify and analyze biomolecular species. Key to fully harnessing the power of such systems is the development of a robust method for integrated electrodes as well as a thorough understanding of the influence of the electrokinetic surface properties with and without different surface modifications. In this work, we demonstrate a surface micromachined fabrication approach for integrated addressable metal electrodes within centimeter-long nanofluidic channels using a low-temperature, xenon diflouride dry-release method for novel biosensing applications, as well as recent results from a joint theoretical and experimental study of electrokinetic surface properties in nano- and microfluidic channels fabricated with fused silica. The main contribution of this fabrication process involves the addition of addressable electrodes to a novel dry-release channel fabrication method, produced at <300°C, to be used in nanofluidic electronic sensing of biomolecules. Finally, we also show a novel method with which to coat our channels with silane based chemistries. Certain modifications are observed to show improved resistance to non-specific adhesion of both small molecules and proteins, indicating their further use as compatible surfaces in micro- and nanofluidic applications.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Microfluidics and nanofluidics'

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