Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microfluidics

Academic literature on the topic 'Microfluidics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Microfluidics"

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Shi, Yuxing, Peng Ye, Kuojun Yang, Jie Meng, Jiuchuan Guo, Zhixiang Pan, Qiaoge Bayin, and Wenhao Zhao. "Application of Microfluidics in Immunoassay: Recent Advancements." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (July 15, 2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2959843.

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In recent years, point-of-care testing has played an important role in immunoassay, biochemical analysis, and molecular diagnosis, especially in low-resource settings. Among various point-of-care-testing platforms, microfluidic chips have many outstanding advantages. Microfluidic chip applies the technology of miniaturizing conventional laboratory which enables the whole biochemical process including reagent loading, reaction, separation, and detection on the microchip. As a result, microfluidic platform has become a hotspot of research in the fields of food safety, health care, and environmental monitoring in the past few decades. Here, the state-of-the-art application of microfluidics in immunoassay in the past decade will be reviewed. According to different driving forces of fluid, microfluidic platform is divided into two parts: passive manipulation and active manipulation. In passive manipulation, we focus on the capillary-driven microfluidics, while in active manipulation, we introduce pressure microfluidics, centrifugal microfluidics, electric microfluidics, optofluidics, magnetic microfluidics, and digital microfluidics. Additionally, within the introduction of each platform, innovation of the methods used and their corresponding performance improvement will be discussed. Ultimately, the shortcomings of different platforms and approaches for improvement will be proposed.
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Savitri, Goparaju. "Advancement in Generation and Application of Microfluidic Chip Technology." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology(IJPSN) 17, no. 2 (March 31, 2024): 7277–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2024.17.2.9.

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Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary topic of research that draws inspiration from other areas such as fluid dynamics, microelectronics, materials science, and physics. Microfluidics has made it possible to create microscale channels and chambers out of a broad variety of materials by borrowing ideas from a number of different fields. This has opened up exciting possibilities for the development of platforms of any size, shape, and geometry using a variety of approaches. One of the most significant advantages of microfluidics is its versatility in applications. Microfluidic chips can be used for a variety of purposes, such as incorporating nanoparticles, encapsulating and delivering drugs, targeting cells, analyzing cells, performing diagnostic tests, and cultivating cells. This adaptability has led to the development of several device-like systems for use in a range of settings. In this study, we explore cutting-edge novel applications for microfluidic and nanofabrication technologies. We examine current developments in the area of microfluidics and highlight their potential for usage in the medical industry. We pay special attention to digital microfluidics, a recently developed and very useful technique for illness diagnosis and monitoring. The originality of microfluidics is found in the fact that it allows for the miniaturization of complex systems and processes, paving the way for the creation of cutting-edge gadgets with wide-ranging practical applications. Microfluidics has the potential to transform various fields, including medicine, biotechnology, environmental monitoring, and more. The development of novel microfluidic platforms, coupled with advancements in digital microfluidics, promises to revolutionize the way we diagnose, treat, and monitor diseases.
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Fallahi, Hedieh, Jun Zhang, Hoang-Phuong Phan, and Nam-Trung Nguyen. "Flexible Microfluidics: Fundamentals, Recent Developments, and Applications." Micromachines 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2019): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10120830.

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Miniaturization has been the driving force of scientific and technological advances over recent decades. Recently, flexibility has gained significant interest, particularly in miniaturization approaches for biomedical devices, wearable sensing technologies, and drug delivery. Flexible microfluidics is an emerging area that impacts upon a range of research areas including chemistry, electronics, biology, and medicine. Various materials with flexibility and stretchability have been used in flexible microfluidics. Flexible microchannels allow for strong fluid-structure interactions. Thus, they behave in a different way from rigid microchannels with fluid passing through them. This unique behaviour introduces new characteristics that can be deployed in microfluidic applications and functions such as valving, pumping, mixing, and separation. To date, a specialised review of flexible microfluidics that considers both the fundamentals and applications is missing in the literature. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary including: (i) Materials used for fabrication of flexible microfluidics, (ii) basics and roles of flexibility on microfluidic functions, (iii) applications of flexible microfluidics in wearable electronics and biology, and (iv) future perspectives of flexible microfluidics. The review provides researchers and engineers with an extensive and updated understanding of the principles and applications of flexible microfluidics.
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Qi, Ping, Jin Lv, Xiangdong Yan, Liuhui Bai, and Lei Zhang. "Microfluidics: Insights into Intestinal Microorganisms." Microorganisms 11, no. 5 (April 27, 2023): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051134.

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Microfluidics is a system involving the treatment or manipulation of microscale (10−9 to 10−18 L) fluids using microchannels (10 to 100 μm) contained on a microfluidic chip. Among the different methodologies used to study intestinal microorganisms, new methods based on microfluidic technology have been receiving increasing attention in recent years. The intestinal tracts of animals are populated by a vast array of microorganisms that have been established to play diverse functional roles beneficial to host physiology. This review is the first comprehensive coverage of the application of microfluidics technology in intestinal microbial research. In this review, we present a brief history of microfluidics technology and describe its applications in gut microbiome research, with a specific emphasis on the microfluidic technology-based intestine-on-a-chip, and also discuss the advantages and application prospects of microfluidic drug delivery systems in intestinal microbial research.
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McMillan, Kay S., Marie Boyd, and Michele Zagnoni. "Transitioning from multi-phase to single-phase microfluidics for long-term culture and treatment of multicellular spheroids." Lab on a Chip 16, no. 18 (2016): 3548–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6lc00884d.

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We present a new microfluidic protocol for spheroid based assays that combines the compartmentalisation properties of droplet microfluidics with controllable perfusion typical of single-phase microfluidics.
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Marzban, Mostapha, Ehsan Yazdanpanah Moghadam, Javad Dargahi, and Muthukumaran Packirisamy. "Microfabrication Bonding Process Optimization for a 3D Multi-Layer PDMS Suspended Microfluidics." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (May 4, 2022): 4626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094626.

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Microfluidic systems have received increased attention due to their wide variety of applications, from chemical sensing to biological detection to medical analysis. Microfluidics used to be fabricated by using etching techniques that required cleanroom and aggressive chemicals. However, another microfluidic fabrication technique, namely, soft lithography, is less expensive and safer compared to former techniques. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been widely employed as a fabrication material in microfluidics by using soft lithography as it is transparent, soft, bio-compatible, and inexpensive. In this study, a 3D multi-layer PDMS suspended microfluidics fabrication process using soft lithography is presented, along with its manufacturing issues that may deteriorate or compromise the microsystem’s test results. The main issues considered here are bonding strength and trapped air-bubbles, specifically in multi-layer PDMS microfluidics. In this paper, these two issues have been considered and resolved by optimizing curing temperature and air-vent channel integration to a microfluidic platform. Finally, the suspended microfluidic system has been tested in various experiments to prove its sensitivity to different fluids and flow rates.
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Shih, Steve C. C., Philip C. Gach, Jess Sustarich, Blake A. Simmons, Paul D. Adams, Seema Singh, and Anup K. Singh. "A droplet-to-digital (D2D) microfluidic device for single cell assays." Lab on a Chip 15, no. 1 (2015): 225–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4lc00794h.

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Liu, Jingji, Boyang Zhang, Yajun Zhang, and Yiqiang Fan. "Fluid control with hydrophobic pillars in paper-based microfluidics." Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 31, no. 12 (November 16, 2021): 127002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6439/ac35c9.

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Abstract Paper-based microfluidics has been widely used in chemical and medical analysis applications. In the conventional paper-based microfluidic approach, fluid is propagating inside the porous structure, and the flow direction of the fluid propagation is usually controlled with the pre-defined hydrophobic barrier (e.g. wax). However, the fluid propagation velocity inside the paper-based microfluidic devices largely depends on the material properties of paper and fluid, the relative control method is rarely reported. In this study, a fluid propagation velocity control method is proposed for paper-based microfluidics: hydrophobic pillar arrays with different configurations were deposited in the microchannels in paper-based microfluidics for flow speed control, the result indicates the deposited hydrophobic pillar arrays can effectively slow down the fluid propagation at different levels and can be used to passively control the fluid propagation inside microchannels for paper-based microfluidics. For the demonstration of the proposed fluid control methods, a paper-based microfluidic device for nitrite test in water was also fabricated. The proposed fluid control method for paper-based microfluidics may have significant importance for applications that involve sequenced reactions and more actuate fluid manipulation.
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Li, Xiangke, Meng Wang, Thomas P. Davis, Liwen Zhang, and Ruirui Qiao. "Advancing Tissue Culture with Light-Driven 3D-Printed Microfluidic Devices." Biosensors 14, no. 6 (June 8, 2024): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios14060301.

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing presents a compelling alternative for fabricating microfluidic devices, circumventing certain limitations associated with traditional soft lithography methods. Microfluidics play a crucial role in the biomedical sciences, particularly in the creation of tissue spheroids and pharmaceutical research. Among the various 3D printing techniques, light-driven methods such as stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and photopolymer inkjet printing have gained prominence in microfluidics due to their rapid prototyping capabilities, high-resolution printing, and low processing temperatures. This review offers a comprehensive overview of light-driven 3D printing techniques used in the fabrication of advanced microfluidic devices. It explores biomedical applications for 3D-printed microfluidics and provides insights into their potential impact and functionality within the biomedical field. We further summarize three light-driven 3D printing strategies for producing biomedical microfluidic systems: direct construction of microfluidic devices for cell culture, PDMS-based microfluidic devices for tissue engineering, and a modular SLA-printed microfluidic chip to co-culture and monitor cells.
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Tsai, Hsieh-Fu, Soumyajit Podder, and Pin-Yuan Chen. "Microsystem Advances through Integration with Artificial Intelligence." Micromachines 14, no. 4 (April 8, 2023): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14040826.

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Microfluidics is a rapidly growing discipline that involves studying and manipulating fluids at reduced length scale and volume, typically on the scale of micro- or nanoliters. Under the reduced length scale and larger surface-to-volume ratio, advantages of low reagent consumption, faster reaction kinetics, and more compact systems are evident in microfluidics. However, miniaturization of microfluidic chips and systems introduces challenges of stricter tolerances in designing and controlling them for interdisciplinary applications. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have brought innovation to microfluidics from design, simulation, automation, and optimization to bioanalysis and data analytics. In microfluidics, the Navier–Stokes equations, which are partial differential equations describing viscous fluid motion that in complete form are known to not have a general analytical solution, can be simplified and have fair performance through numerical approximation due to low inertia and laminar flow. Approximation using neural networks trained by rules of physical knowledge introduces a new possibility to predict the physicochemical nature. The combination of microfluidics and automation can produce large amounts of data, where features and patterns that are difficult to discern by a human can be extracted by machine learning. Therefore, integration with AI introduces the potential to revolutionize the microfluidic workflow by enabling the precision control and automation of data analysis. Deployment of smart microfluidics may be tremendously beneficial in various applications in the future, including high-throughput drug discovery, rapid point-of-care-testing (POCT), and personalized medicine. In this review, we summarize key microfluidic advances integrated with AI and discuss the outlook and possibilities of combining AI and microfluidics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microfluidics"

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Fallahi, Hedieh. "Flexible and Stretchable Microfluidics." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/415361.

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Microfluidics is the science and technology of manipulating and analysing small amounts of liquid. Microfluidics has several advantages including small sample volume, small footprint, being cheap, portable, and precise. Microfluidics has applications in a wide range of areas such as in chemistry, electronics, and most importantly in biological sciences. Microfluidic functions are greatly influenced by the geometry and dimensions of the microchannels. The main challenge facing microfluidics is that once the conventional rigid microfluidic device is fabricated, its dimensions cannot be changed or modified. To overcome this problem, we proposed the concept of flexible and stretchable microfluidics. Stretchable microfluidics allows flexible devices to change their dimensions and thus enabling new functionalities. This thesis aims to (i) understand the fundamentals of flexible microfluidics, (ii) design and fabricate a new generation of stretchable microfluidic devices with tuneable dimensions, and (iii) apply stretchable microfluidics to three main handling tasks of separation mixing and trapping. Our main goal is to evaluate how the dimensions of different types of microfluidic devices alter under elongation and how these dimensional changes influence its functions. In this thesis, following a comprehensive introduction in chapter 1, a thorough literature review over flexible microfluidics is provided in chapter 2. The review covers three main areas of flexible microfluidics including materials, effect of flexibility on microfluidic functions, and the current applications and future perspectives of flexible microfluidics. Chapter 3 and 4 investigate the effect of stretchability on inertial microfluidics. Inertial microfluidics is a promising approach for particle separation. The current obstacle of inertial microfluidics in biological applications is the broad size distribution of biological microparticles. Rigid microfluidic devices work well for a narrow range of particle sizes. For focusing and separating a new set of particles, troublesome and time-consuming design, fabrication, testing, and optimization procedures are needed. Thus, a stretchable a microfluidic device with tuneable dimensions was fabricated and studied in chapter 3. By changing the channel dimensions under elongation, the device could be adapted to different particle sizes and flow rate ratios. Stretching the device significantly improved the focusing and separation efficiency of the specific particle sizes. In chapter 4, we focused on the application of stretchable inertial microfluidics for cancer detection. The performance of the stretchable device was verified by isolating cancer cells from WBCs and from whole blood with high recovery rates and purities. Chapter 5 studies the effect of stretchability on micromixing. A micromixer is an indispensable component in miniaturised platforms for chemical, biochemical, and biomedical applications. Mixing in microscale is challenging due to the laminar flow associated with low Reynolds numbers. This chapter reports a stretchable micromixer with dynamically tuneable channel dimensions. Periodic elongation of the stretchable micromixer results in mixing disturbance in intermediate Reynolds numbers. Periodically stretching the device changes the channel geometry and dimensions leading to dynamically evolving secondary and main flows. We evaluated the performance of this stretchable micromixer both experimentally and numerically. Chapter 6 reports a stretchable microtrapper. Microfluidic technologies have been widely used for single-cell trapping. However, there are no robust methods for the facile release of the captured cells for subsequent studies. Therefore, we developed a stretchable microfluidic cell trapper for easy on-demand release of cells in a deterministic manner. By tunning the horizontal elongation of the device, the gap at the bottom of the traps widened and provided ample space for releasing particle/cell with sizes of interest. The proposed stretchable micro trapper demonstrated a deterministic recovery of the captured cells by adjusting the elongation length of the device. Flexible and stretchable microfluidic devices with tuneable dimensions were introduced and studied extensively in this thesis. We showed that by applying stretchability to microfluidic functions including inertial microfluidics, micromixing, and single cell studies, several drawbacks associated with fixed dimensions were addressed and recovered. We believe that flexible and stretchable microfluidics is a new research direction of microfluidics.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Fiorini, Gina S. "Polymeric microfluidic devices : development of thermoset polyester microfluidic devices and use of poly(dimethylsiloxane) devices for droplet applications /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8627.

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Gallagher, Sarah. "Microfluidic confinement of responsive systems." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648567.

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Chen, Tian Lan. "Thermal digital microfluidic devices for rapid DNA analysis." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691869.

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Sun, Han. "Novel microfluidic platform for bioassays." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/699.

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Microfluidics have been created to acquire, operate, and process complex fluids in extremely tiny volumes with high efficiency and high speed, and without the requirement for an experienced operator. In addition, microfluidic systems also enable miniaturization and incorporation of different complex functions, which can help bring intricate diagnostic tools out of the laboratories. Ideally, these systems should be inexpensive, precise, reliable, robust, and well-suited to the medical diagnostic systems. Most of the microfluidic devices reported previously were based on devices made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). PDMS is a material that dissolves in many common organic solvents. Meanwhile, it is also prone to absorb small molecules like the proteins, which is detrimental to a stable and reliable result. Current work focuses on bioassays that are badly needed in our life and these bioassays are addressed based on microfluidic platform with different materials. The translation of microfluidic technology into large scale implementations highly relies on new materials that address the limitations of PDMS. Firstly, we fabricated two different microfluidic platforms for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). One was made of hydrogel, and the bacterial cells were cultured on the top of the device; the other was of polypropylene (PP), and bacterial cells were cultured inside the microchannels. Meanwhile, we developed a novel "barcode" sensor, a microscope-free method for cell accumulation and cell counting, as the downstream of the PP-based chips. As a result, AST can be accomplished simply through an application on a mobile phone rather than using an expensive and sophisticated microscope. Secondly, we presented a self-contained paper-based system for lead(II) ion detection based on G-quadruplex-based luminescence switch-on assay, comprising a novel type of paper-based chip and a matching portable device. Different from the reported paper-based devices, the paper substrate we chose was art paper, which is used for printing magazines. This type of paper could prevent the absorption of liquid into the paper matrix and hold the liquid in place for a period of time; and it could also be used for temporary liquid containing like a plastic substrate (such as polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS)), but the surface of the paper is inherently hydrophilic. In such a design, liquid drops are suspended on the surface of the device in designed reservoirs, rather than absorbed into the paper; when the chip is tilted, the liquid drops will move to other reservoirs according to the guidance of channels defined on the surface. To differentiate it from reported μPAD devices that are fabricated with water-permeable paper, we name this new type of paper-based devices suspending-droplet mode paper-based microfluidic devices (SD-μPAD). Different from the conventional μPADs that use capillary force to drive liquid, our SD-μPADs uses wetting and gravity as driving force. To fabricate the superhydrophobic pattern on the paper device, we developed a new microcontact printing-based method to produce inexpensive and precisely patterned superhydrophobic coating on paper. The coating material is poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), a hydrophobic and transparent silicone that has long been used for fabricating microfluidic devices. Importantly, the negative-relief stamp we used is made of Teflon, a non-stick polymer, so that the PDMS-coated paper could be peeled from the stamp flawlessly. After such fabrication process, the stamped area of the paper is coated with a textured PDMS layer that is decorated with arrays of micropillars, which could provide superhydrophobic effect and most effectively hold the droplets in place; the remaining area of the paper is still hydrophilic. As a demonstration of this new design, we developed a method using the reaction characteristics of iridium(III) complex for rapid, onsite detection of lead(II) ions in liquid samples. As the reagents have already been loaded onto the paper device during fabrication, the only reagent the users need to add is water. Because of the large Stokes shift of the iridium(III) complex probe, inexpensive optical filters can be employed, and we were able to make an inexpensive, battery-powered compact device for routine portable detection using a smartphone as a detector, allowing the rapid analysis and interpretation of results on site as well as the automatic dissemination of data to professional institutes, including tests even in poor rural areas in developing countries. Thirdly, we upgraded our suspending-droplet mode paper-based microfluidic device (SD-μPAD), which is used for the detection of lead(II) ions in liquid solution. The reason is that our paper-based SD chips are not suitable for long reaction process (> 20 min) detection of biomolecules due to the potential permeation and contaminating problems of art papers. Hence, we chose polypropylene (PP), a hydrophobic, cheap, and thermal stable material (< 110°C), as the material for the fabrication of the SD microfluidic chip. We established a convenient, low-cost, portable and reliable platform for monitoring VEGF165 accurately, which can be applied for point-of-care (POC) testing. In this project, we also employed the label-free oligonucleotide-based luminescence switch-on assay on the microfluidic platform, which possesses the advantages of high sensitivity and high selectivity. Based on the detection of VEGF165 in a three-step reaction process, we adopted a new design for the droplet transfer throughout the channels. This design could migrate the droplet through the chambers via controlling the orientation of the chip, which systematically combined the superhydrophobic force of the coating, the gravity of the droplet and the surface tension between PP and droplet. Therefore, traditional micro pump could be avoided and the total cost for the device could be substantially reduced. In addition, we developed an automatic, matched and portable device for the detection of VEGF165, which assembled by a rotatable chip holder, a UV lamp, a filter, and a camera. Finally, we developed a new whole Teflon membrane-based chip for the aptamer screening. Our article "Whole-Teflon microfluidic chips" introduced the fabrication of a microfluidic device entirely using Teflon materials, one group of the most inert materials in the world. It was a successful and representative introduction of new materials into the fabrication of microfluidic devices, which show dramatically greater anti-fouling performance. However, even such device was inadequate for current purpose, as it is rigid and lacks convenient valve control functions for particle suspensions used in systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). For this project, we propose a SMART screening strategy based on a highly integrated microfluidic chip. This new type of whole-Teflon devices, which are made of flexible Teflon membranes, offering convenient valving control for the whole SELEX process to be performed on chip and fulfilling the anti-fouling requirement in the meantime. The SELEX cycles including positive and negative selections could be automatically performed inside tiny-size microchambers on a microchip, and the enrichment is real-time monitored. The selection cycles would be ended after the resulted signal of the aptamers with high specificity reached a plateau, or no target aptamer is captured after a number of cycles of enrichment. Owning to the antifouling property of the chip materials, the loss of the sample is tremendously reduced. The SMART platform therefore is not only free of complicated manual operations, but also high-yield and well reproducible over conventional methods
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Weinert, Franz Michael. "Optothermal microfluidics." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-110908.

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Stenestam, Björn. "Acoustic trapping of sub-micrometreparticles within microfluidics particles within microfluidics." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Mikrosystemteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432446.

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The aim of this project was to prove that a pre-existing standardmethod for bacterial-DNA extraction can be reduced down to the microscale and in doing so be used in an on-chip setting.The first phase in this project was to identify an appropriate methodand material for droplet generation. The first material to beassessed was poly ethylene glycol (PEG), which proved unstable andtherefore unsuitable. In contrast agarose, with its low gellingtemperature, proved to be a suitable material for droplet generationfor the purpose of this project.The second phase of this project was to design and fabricate anacoustic trapping chip using Si- and glass-wafers. When the agarosedroplets were evaluated inside of the trapping chip, they proved tohave a negative contrast factor, resulting in the droplets beingpushed out along the walls of the trapping chamber. This was solvedby mixing plastic beads in to the agarose solution used for dropletfabrication.The diffusion of particles into the agarose droplets was thenevaluated both inside and outside of the chip in order to prove thatthe chemicals intended to be used during DNA extraction would be ableto diffuse into the droplets.The end conclusion is that the experiments performed in this projecthave proved that the methods, chip designs and materials would workfor bacterial-DNA extraction on-chip.
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Ribeiro, Luiz Eduardo Bento. "Sensor químico baseado em microponte de impedância = Chemical sensor based on impedance microbridge." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259031.

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Orientador: Fabiano Fruett
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T04:02:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ribeiro_LuizEduardoBento_M.pdf: 4022818 bytes, checksum: d2a40b9cee4f59bc80ec0b09a97c31a8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012
Resumo: A integração de sistemas microeletrônicos em lab-on-a-chip está sendo cada vez mais necessária para concretizar novas aplicações dentro do emergente campo da microfluídica. Tanto na química quanto na bioquímica e até mesmo na medicina e bioengenharia, a microfluídica evolui conquistando um espaço crescente. Entretanto, desafios tecnológicos residem na sua complexa fabricação e integração com sistemas eletrônicos. Neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido um sistema sensor que emprega métodos de fabricação compatíveis tanto com a microeletrônica quanto com a microfluídica. Este sistema sensor é baseado em uma microponte de impedância composta por quatro capacitores interdigitados. Neste sistema, o fluido, guiado por um canal ou armazenado em um reservatório fabricado em polidimetilsiloxano (PDMS), passa sobre a microponte enquanto um termistor, fabricado no mesmo substrato, permite monitorar a temperatura do sistema durante a medida. A microponte é formada de eletrodos interdigitados arranjados de forma a permitir a utilização de um circuito eletrônico de condicionamento que pode ser construído bem próximo do elemento sensor. O trabalho foi validado comparando-se a função de transferência experimental do sensor, usando como analito a mistura etanol-água, com a função de transferência teórica obtida através de simulação baseada em elementos finitos. Identificamos a importância da deposição de um filme fino de boa qualidade para a proteção dos eletrodos de referência e sua influência na função de transferência experimental. Ainda, devido à utilização de materiais inertes como ouro, vidro e PDMS, o sistema sensor, com alguns ajustes, pode ser empregado para outras aplicações: desde o monitoramento da pureza e concentração de líquidos até a caracterização de filmes finos sensíveis a patógenos e fármacos
Abstract: The integration of microelectronic systems in lab-on-a-chip is being increasingly required to implement new applications on the emerging field of microfluidics. Both in chemistry and biochemistry, and even in medicine and bioengineering, microfluidics evolves gaining a growing space. However, technological challenges lie in its complex manufacturing and integration with electronic systems. In this work, we developed a sensor system that employs both fabrication methods compatible with microelectronics and with microfluidics. This sensor system is based on an impedance microbridge composed of four interdigitated capacitors. In this system, the fluid which is guided by a channel or is stored in a reservoir made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), passes over the microbridge while a thermistor fabricated on the same substrate allows monitoring of the system temperature during the measurement. The microbridge is made of interdigitated electrodes arranged so as to allow the use of an electronic conditioning circuit that can be built very close to the sensor element. The study was validated by comparing experimental transfer function of the sensor, using the ethanol-water mixture as analyte, with the theoretical transfer function obtained by simulation based on finite element method. We identified the importance of depositing a good quality thin film for the protection of reference electrodes and its influence on experimental transfer function. Also, due to the use of inert materials such as gold, glass and PDMS, the sensor system, with some adjustments, can be used for other applications: from monitoring of the concentration and purity of liquid to the characterization of thin films sensitive to drugs and pathogenic agents
Mestrado
Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica
Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
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Hardy, Brian Sauer. "Thermally-actuated microfluidics." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1998391971&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Chaurasia, Ankur Shubhlal. "Buoyancy-assisted microfluidics." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2016. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/buoyancyassisted-microfluidics(cf325bbd-9de2-4934-a811-2cf904c246ee).html.

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A buoyancy-assisted microfluidic approach is introduced for facile production and collection of uniform drops within a wide range of sizes, particularly on a millimetre scale, which is not easily achievable via conventional microfluidic approach. The proposed methodology, characterised by vertical orientation and non-confined quiescent outer phase of the device used, was also applied to droplet-in-droplet and droplet-in-fibre encapsulation using a co-axial glass microcapillary arrangement, to obtain millimetric capsules and multi-compartmental fibres. The shell thickness of double emulsions was tuned, via altering flow rates and formulations, to produce millimetric ultrathin shelled capsules. Alginate fibres with different oil-encapsulate geometries were fabricated, via simultaneous oil-droplet formation and encapsulation, and characterised and analysed for their encapsulation volume, surface roughness, spillage ratio and mechanical strength. Furthermore, the size and locations of oil encapsulates were manipulated to obtain asymmetric fibres with parallel oil streams. An asymmetric encapsulation approach was designed and used to fabricate dehydration-responsive fibres, which demonstrated a benign and facile dehydration-triggered core-release mechanism. This core-release response was also demonstrated for fibres with parallel oil-encapsulates with multiple cargos. The fibre morphology was also tuned to provide an enhanced response to its mechanical failure, marked by a simultaneous release of potentially reactive components at the point of fracture. Such fibres, can behave as fibres with self-repairing properties. The buoyancy-assisted microfluidics was also used to produce microfibres containing gas encapsulates with tuneable morphology. The buoyancy force, driven by the trapped microbubbles, was utilised for stretching the gelling alginate fibres to fabricate ultrathin alginate microfibres, a feature not possible via conventional horizontally-oriented microfluidic techniques. The collected bubble-filled fibres were also morphed to produce new varieties of fibres, such as beaded fibres and fibres with segmented aqueous cores.
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Books on the topic "Microfluidics"

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Angelescu, Dan E. Highly integrated microfluidics design. Boston: Artech House, 2011.

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Colin, Stéphane, ed. Microfluidics. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118599839.

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Lin, Bingcheng, ed. Microfluidics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23050-9.

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Colin, Stéphane. Microfluidics. London, UK: ISTE, 2010.

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Kirby, Brian. Micro- and nanoscale fluid mechanics: Transport in microfluidic devices. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Ren, Carolyn, and Abraham Lee, eds. Droplet Microfluidics. Cambridge: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839162855.

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Bhattacharya, Shantanu, Sanjay Kumar, and Avinash K. Agarwal, eds. Paper Microfluidics. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0489-1.

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Inagawa, Arinori. Ice Microfluidics. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8809-5.

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Sengupta, Anupam. Topological Microfluidics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00858-5.

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Lane, Maura Elizabeth. Microfluidics technologies. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co. Inc, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microfluidics"

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Ducrée, Jens, Peter Koltay, and Roland Zengerle. "Microfluidics." In MEMS: A Practical Guide to Design, Analysis, and Applications, 667–727. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33655-6_12.

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Ghosal, Sandip. "Microfluidics." In Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, 5573–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30440-3_331.

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Senapati, Satyajyoti, Sagnik Basuray, Zdenek Slouka, Li-Jing Cheng, and Hsueh-Chia Chang. "A Nanomembrane-Based Nucleic Acid Sensing Platform for Portable Diagnostics." In Microfluidics, 153–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_142.

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Noh, Jongmin, Hee Chan Kim, and Taek Dong Chung. "Biosensors in Microfluidic Chips." In Microfluidics, 117–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_143.

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Gai, Hongwei, Yongjun Li, and Edward S. Yeung. "Optical Detection Systems on Microfluidic Chips." In Microfluidics, 171–201. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_144.

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Shi, Weiwei, Hui Wen, Bingcheng Lin, and Jianhua Qin. "Microfluidic Platform for the Study of Caenorhabditis elegans." In Microfluidics, 323–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_145.

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Shoji, Shuichi, and Kentaro Kawai. "Flow Control Methods and Devices in Micrometer Scale Channels." In Microfluidics, 1–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_146.

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Zhang, Chi, and Danny van Noort. "Cells in Microfluidics." In Microfluidics, 295–321. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_147.

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Wang, Limu, Xiuqing Gong, and Weijia Wen. "Electrorheological Fluid and Its Applications in Microfluidics." In Microfluidics, 91–115. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_148.

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Zeng, Shaojiang, Xin Liu, Hua Xie, and Bingcheng Lin. "Basic Technologies for Droplet Microfluidics." In Microfluidics, 69–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/128_2011_149.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microfluidics"

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Galambos, Paul, and Conrad James. "Surface Micromachined Microfluidics: Example Microsystems, Challenges and Opportunities." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73491.

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A variety of fabrication techniques have been used to make microfluidic microsystems: bulk etching in silicon and glass, plastic molding and machining, and PDMS (silicone) casting. Surprisingly the most widely used method of integrated circuit (IC) fabrication (surface micromachining — SMM) has not been extensively utilized in microfluidics despite its wide use in MEMS. There are economic reasons that SMM is not often used in microfluidics; high infrastructure and start-up costs and relatively long fabrication times: and there are technical reasons; packaging difficulties, dominance of surface forces, and fluid volume scaling issues. However, there are also important technical and economic advantages for SMM microfluidics relating to large-scale batch, no-assembly fabrication, and intimate integration of mechanical, electrical, microfluidic, and nano-scale sub-systems on one chip. In our work at Sandia National Laboratories MDL (Microelectronics Development Lab) we have built on the existing MEMS SMM infrastructure to produce a variety of microfluidic microsystems. These example microsystems illustrate the challenges and opportunities associated with SMM microfluidics. In this paper we briefly discuss two SMM microfluidic microsystems (made in the SUMMiT™ and SwIFT™ processes — www.mdl.sandia.gov/micromachine) in terms of technical challenges and unique SMM microfluidics opportunities. The two example microsystems are a DEP (dielectrophoretic) trap, and a drop ejector patterning system.
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Nguyen, Nam-Trung. "Thermal Control for Droplet-Based Microfluidics." In 2008 Second International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/micronano2008-70277.

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This paper presents our recent works on thermal control for droplet-based microfluidics. Temperature dependent properties of liquids have been use for actuation and many other applications in droplet-based microfluidics. In analogy to an analog/digital electronic circuits, a droplet-based microfluidic system consists for three main subsystems: droplet formation (analog/digital converter), droplet manipulation (digital processing) and droplet merging (digital/analog converter). This paper will present our recent achievements in thermal control of droplet formation in different configurations such as T-junction and cross junction with integrated microheaters. Furthermore, results on droplet switching will be presented. The droplet switch represent basic logic gate that can be used to construct a more complex droplet-based digital network. Thermocapillary actuation of microdroplets in one-dimensional and two-dimensional microfluidic platforms will be presented. Both numerical and experimental results will be presented in this paper.
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Chokkalingam, Venkatachalam, Boris Weidenhof, Wilhelm F. Maier, Stephan Herminghaus, and Ralf Seemann. "Controlled Production of Monodispersed Silica Microspheres Using a Double Step-Emulsification Device." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62109.

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We explore droplet based microfluidics to perform chemical reactions within microfluidic channels. By dispensing the different chemicals in droplets and subsequently merging the droplets containing different chemicals, the reactive mixture never gets in contact with the walls of the surrounding microfluidic channel. Using this approach we can realize chemical reactions for gels or precipitates, which are neither possible in single phase microfluidics, nor in droplet based microfluidics if the chemicals are mixed prior to dispersing the droplets. We explore this explicitly for the production of porous silica particles from sol-gel chemistry. All processing steps ranging from droplet production, synchronization of the droplets containing the different chemicals, combining the droplets, mixing and post processing are discussed and optimized for the particular demands.
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Galambos, Paul, William P. Eaton, Randy Shul, Christi Gober Willison, Jeffry J. Sniegowski, Samuel L. Miller, and Daniel Gutierrez. "Surface Micromachine Microfluidics: Design, Fabrication, Packaging, and Characterization." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0303.

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Abstract The field of microfluidics is undergoing rapid growth in terms of new device and system development. Among the many methods of fabricating microfluidic devices and systems, surface micromachining is relatively underrepresented due to; difficulties in the introduction of fluids into the very small channels produced, packaging problems, and difficulties in device and system characterization. The potential advantages of using surface micromachining include: compatibility with the existing integrated circuit tool set, integration of electronic sensing and actuation with microfluidics, and fluid volume minimization. In order to explore these potential advantages we have developed first generation surface micromachined microfluidic devices (channels) using an adapted pressure sensor fabrication process to produce silicon nitride channels, and the SUMMiT process to produce polysilicon channels. The channels were characterized by leak testing and flow rate vs. pressure measurements. The fabrication processes used and results of these tests are reported in this paper.
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Chakrabarty, Krishnendu. "Digital Microfluidics: Connecting Biochemistry to Electronic System Design." In ASME 2007 5th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2007-30158.

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Microfluidics-based biochips are revolutionizing high-throughput sequencing, parallel immunoassays, blood chemistry for clinical diagnostics, DNA sequencing, and environmental sensing. The complexity of microfluidic devices, also referred to as lab-on-a-chip, is expected to become significant in the near future due to the need for multiple and concurrent biochemical assays on multifunctional and reconfigurable platforms. This paper provides an overview of droplet-based “digital” microfluidic biochips. It presents early work on top-down system-level computer-aided design (CAD) tools for the synthesis, testing and reconfiguration of microfluidic biochips. These CAD techniques allow the biochip to concentrate on the development of the nano- and micro-scale bioassays, leaving assay optimization and implementation details to design automation tools.
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McNeely, Michael R., Mark K. Spute, Nadeem A. Tusneem, and Arnold R. Oliphant. "Hydrophobic microfluidics." In Symposium on Micromachining and Microfabrication, edited by Chong H. Ahn and A. Bruno Frazier. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.359339.

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Salemmilani, Reza, and Barbaros Cetin. "Spiral Microfluidics Device for Continuous Flow PCR." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17305.

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Polymerase-chain-Reaction (PCR) is a thermal cycling (repeated heating and cooling of PCR solution) process for DNA amplification. PCR is the key ingredient in many biomedical applications. One key feature for the success of the PCR is to control the temperature of the solution precisely at the desired temperature levels required for the PCR in a cyclic manner. Microfluidics offers a great advantage over conventional techniques since minute amounts of PCR solution can be heated and cooled with a high rate in a controlled manner. In this study, a microfluidic platform has been proposed for continuous-flow PCR. The microfluidic device consists of a spiral channel on a glass wafer with integrated chromium microheaters. Sub-micron thick microheaters are deposited beneath the micro-channels to facilitate localized heating. The microfluidic device is modeled using COMSOL Multiphysics®. The fabrication procedure of the device is also discussed and future research directions are addressed. With its compact design, the proposed system can easily be coupled with an integrated microfluidic device to be used in biomedical applications.
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Hoople, Gordon D., David A. Rolfe, Katherine C. McKinstry, Joanna R. Noble, David A. Dornfeld, and Albert P. Pisano. "Comparison of Microscale Rapid Prototyping Techniques for Microfluidic Applications." In ASME 2014 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME 2014 International Conference on Materials and Processing and the 42nd North American Manufacturing Research Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2014-3932.

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Recent developments in microfluidics have opened up new interest in rapid prototyping with features on the microscale. Microfluidic devices are traditionally fabricated using photolithography, however this process can be time consuming and challenging. Laser ablation has emerged as the preferred solution for rapid prototyping of these devices. This paper explores the state of rapid prototyping for microfluidic devices by comparing laser ablation to micromilling and 3D printing. A microfluidic sample part was fabricated using these three methods. Accuracy of the features and surface roughness were measured using a surface profilometer, scanning electron microscope, and optical microscope. Micromilling was found to produce the most accurate features and best surface finish down to ∼100 μm, however it did not achieve the small feature sizes produced by laser ablation. 3D printed parts, though easily manufactured, were inadequate for most microfluidics applications. While laser ablation created somewhat rough and erratic channels, the process was within typical dimensions for microfluidic channels and should remain the default for microfluidic rapid prototyping.
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Li, Dongqing. "Electrokinetic Microfluidics and Biomedical Lab-on-a-Chip Devices." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58305.

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Lab-on-a-chip devices are miniaturized bio-medical laboratories on a small glass/plastic plate. These lab chips can duplicate the specialized functions of their room-sized counterparts such as clinical diagnoses and tests. The key microfluidic functions required in various lab-on-a-chip devices include pumping and mixing liquids, controlling bio-reactions, dispensing samples and reagents, and separating molecules and cells/particles. Using electrokinetic microfluidics to realize these functions can make the devices fully automatic, independent of external support (e.g., tubing, valves and pump), and truly portable. Understanding, modeling and controlling of various electrokinetic microfluidic phenomena and the electrokinetic microfluidic processes are essential to systematic design and operation control of the lab-on-a-chip systems. This presentation will explain the principles of these electrokinetic microfluidic processes and how they are used in lab-on-a-chip devices. Some lab-on-a-chip devices such as real-time PCR chip, immunoassay chip and flow cytometer chip developed in Dr. Li’s lab will be introduced.
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Sigurdson, M., and C. D. Meinhart. "Analysis Tools for Thermally Driven Microfluidics." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40822.

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Thermally driven microfluidics, that is, flow that is driven by a temperature gradient, has applications from lab-on-a-chip to electronics cooling. Development of such devices requires tools to predict and probe temperature and velocity fields. We have developed analytical, numerical, and experimental analysis tools for design and characterization of thermally driven microfluidic systems. We demonstrate these tools through the analysis of two different systems: an electrothermal microstirring biochip, and a high aspect heat pipe for cooling. First, a numerical model is developed for temperature and velocity fields, in a hybrid electrothermal-buoyancy microstirring device. An analytical tool, the electrothermal Rayleigh number, is used to further explore the relative importance of electrothermal and buoyancy driven flow. Finally, two experimental thermometry techniques are described: fluorescence thermometry and infrared thermometry. These analytical, numerical, and experimental tools are useful in the design of thermally driven microfluidic systems, as demonstrated here through the development and analysis of microstirring and heat pipe systems.
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Reports on the topic "Microfluidics"

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Liaw, Steven. Droplet Based Microfluidics. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1148311.

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Hinojosa, Christopher. Silk Cryogels for Microfluidics. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.513.

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Mcculloch, Quinn. Summer 2017 Microfluidics Research Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1373500.

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Ketsdever, Andrew, Ingrid Wysong, Sergey Gimelshein, Alina Alexeenko, Marc Young, Natalia Gimselshein, Taylor Lilley, and Cedric Ngalande. Plume Simulation, Contamination, and Microfluidics (Preprint). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458240.

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Van Dam, Robert Michael. Microfluidics without channels: highly-flexible synthesis on a digital-microfluidic chip for production of diverse PET tracers. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170744.

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Picraux, Samuel Thomas, Marcin Piech, John F. Schneider, Sean Vail, Mark A. Hayes, Anthony A. Garcia, Nelson Simmons Bell, D. Gust, and Dongqing Yang. Nanostructured surfaces for microfluidics and sensing applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/902205.

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Branson, Eric, Seema Singh, Jack Houston, Frank van Swol, and C. Brinker. Superhydrophobic Surface Coatings for Microfluidics and MEMs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1137218.

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Ismagilov, Rustem F. Sensitive Detection Using Microfluidics and Nonlinear Amplification. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada558239.

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Wang, Joseph. Portable Analyzer Based on Microfluidics, Nanoengineered Electrochemical Sensors. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/839362.

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Scherer, Axel, and Stephen Quake. Monolithic Integration of Microfluidics and Optoelectronics for Biological Analysis. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada427520.

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