Journal articles: 'MicroCarb'

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Wu, Kai, Paul I. Palmer, Dien Wu, Denis Jouglet, Liang Feng, and Tom Oda. "Theoretical assessment of the ability of the MicroCarb satellite city-scan observing mode to estimate urban CO₂ emissions." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 2 (January 30, 2023): 581–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-581-2023.

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Abstract. We assess the theoretical capability of the upcoming France–UK MicroCarb satellite, which has a city-scan observing mode, to determine integrated urban emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). To achieve this we report results from a series of closed-loop numerical experiments that use an atmospheric transport model with anthropogenic and biogenic fluxes to determine the corresponding changes in atmospheric CO2 column, accounting for changes in measurement coverage due to cloud loading. We use a maximum a posteriori inverse method to infer the CO2 fluxes based on the measurements and the a priori information. Using an urban CO2 inversion system, we explore the relative performance of alternative two-sweep and three-sweep city observing strategies to quantify CO2 emissions over the cities of Paris and London in different months when biospheric fluxes vary in magnitude. We find that both the two-sweep and three-sweep observing modes are able to reduce a priori flux errors by 20 %–40 % over Paris and London. The three-sweep observing strategy, which generally outperforms the two-sweep mode by virtue of its wider scan area that typically yields more cloud-free observations, can retrieve the total emissions of the truth within 7 % over Paris and 21 % over London. The performance of the limited-domain city-mode observing strategies is sensitive to cloud coverage and particularly sensitive to the prevailing wind direction. We also find that seasonal photosynthetic uptake of CO2 by the urban biosphere weakens atmospheric CO2 gradients across both cities, thereby reducing the sensitivity of urban CO2 enhancements and subsequently compromising the ability of MicroCarb to reduce bias in estimating urban CO2 emissions. This suggests that additional trace gases co-emitted with anthropogenic CO2 emissions, but unaffected by the land biosphere, are needed to quantify sub-city scale CO2 emissions during months when the urban biosphere is particularly active.

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Bertaux, Jean-Loup, Alain Hauchecorne, Franck Lefèvre, François-Marie Bréon, Laurent Blanot, Denis Jouglet, Pierre Lafrique, and Pavel Akaev. "The use of the 1.27 µm O2 absorption band for greenhouse gas monitoring from space and application to MicroCarb." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 3329–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3329-2020.

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Abstract. Monitoring CO2 from space is essential to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of this major greenhouse gas and quantify its sources and sinks. The mixing ratio of CO2 to dry air can be derived from the CO2∕O2 column ratio. The O2 column is usually derived from its absorption signature on the solar reflected spectra over the O2 A band (e.g. Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation (TANSO)/Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT), TanSat). As a result of atmospheric scattering, the atmospheric path length varies with the aerosols' load, their vertical distribution, and their optical properties. The spectral distance between the O2 A band (0.76 µm) and the CO2 absorption band (1.6 µm) results in significant uncertainties due to the varying spectral properties of the aerosols over the globe. There is another O2 absorption band at 1.27 µm with weaker lines than in the A band. As the wavelength is much closer to the CO2 and CH4 bands, there is less uncertainty when using it as a proxy of the atmospheric path length to the CO2 and CH4 bands. This O2 band is used by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) implemented for the validation of space-based greenhouse gas (GHG) observations. However, this absorption band is contaminated by the spontaneous emission of the excited molecule O2*, which is produced by the photo-dissociation of O3 molecules in the stratosphere and mesosphere. From a satellite looking nadir, this emission has a similar shape to the absorption signal that is used. In the frame of the CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales – the French National Centre for Space Studies) MicroCarb project, scientific studies have been performed in 2016–2018 to explore the problems associated with this O2* airglow contamination and methods to correct it. A theoretical synthetic spectrum of the emission was derived from an approach based on A21 Einstein coefficient information contained in the line-by-line high-resolution transmission molecular absorption (HITRAN) 2016 database. The shape of our synthetic spectrum is validated when compared to O2* airglow spectra observed by the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY)/Envisat in limb viewing. We have designed an inversion scheme of SCIAMACHY limb-viewing spectra, allowing to determine the vertical distribution of the volume emission rate (VER) of the O2* airglow. The VER profiles and corresponding integrated nadir intensities were both compared to a model of the emission based on the Reactive Processes Ruling the Ozone Budget in the Stratosphere (REPROBUS) chemical transport model. The airglow intensities depend mostly on the solar zenith angle (both in model and data), and the model underestimates the observed emission by ∼15 %. This is confirmed with SCIAMACHY nadir-viewing measurements over the oceans: in such conditions, we have disentangled and retrieved the nadir O2* emission in spite of the moderate spectral resolving power (∼860) and found that the nadir SCIAMACHY intensities are mostly dictated by solar zenith angle (SZA) and are larger than the model intensities by a factor of ∼1.13. At a fixed SZA, the model airglow intensities show very little horizontal structure, in spite of ozone variations. It is shown that with the MicroCarb spectral resolution power (25 000) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the contribution of the O2* emission at 1.27 µm to the observed spectral radiance in nadir viewing may be disentangled from the lower atmosphere/ground absorption signature with a great accuracy. Indeed, simulations with 4ARCTIC radiative transfer inversion tool have shown that the CO2 mixing ratio may be retrieved with the accuracy required for quantifying the CO2 natural sources and sinks (pressure-level error ≤1 hPa; XCO2 accuracy better than 0.4 ppmv) with the O2 1.27 µm band only as the air proxy (without the A band). As a result of these studies (at an intermediate phase), it was decided to include this band (B4) in the MicroCarb design, while keeping the O2 A band for reference (B1). Our approach is consistent with the approach of Sun et al. (2018), who also analysed the potential of the O2 1.27 µm band and concluded favourably for GHG monitoring from space. We advocate for the inclusion of this O2 band on other GHG monitoring future space missions, such as GOSAT-3 and EU/European Space Agency (ESA) CO2-M missions, for a better GHG retrieval.

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El Kattar, Marie-Thérèse, Frédérique Auriol, and Hervé Herbin. "Instrumental characteristics and potential greenhouse gas measurement capabilities of the Compact High-Spectral-Resolution Infrared Spectrometer: CHRIS." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 3769–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3769-2020.

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Abstract. Ground-based high-spectral-resolution infrared measurements are an efficient way to obtain accurate tropospheric abundances of different gaseous species, in particular greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2 and CH4. Many ground-based spectrometers are used in the NDACC and TCCON networks to validate the Level 2 satellite data, but their large dimensions and heavy mass make them inadequate for field campaigns. To overcome these problems, the use of portable spectrometers was recently investigated. In this context, this paper deals with the CHRIS (Compact High-Spectral-Resolution Infrared Spectrometer) prototype with unique characteristics such as its high spectral resolution (0.135 cm−1 nonapodized) and its wide spectral range (680 to 5200 cm−1). Its main objective is the characterization of gases and aerosols in the thermal and shortwave infrared regions. That is why it requires high radiometric precision and accuracy, which are achieved by performing spectral and radiometric calibrations that are described in this paper. Furthermore, CHRIS's capabilities to retrieve vertical CO2 and CH4 profiles are presented through a complete information content analysis, a channel selection and an error budget estimation in the attempt to join ongoing campaigns such as MAGIC (Monitoring of Atmospheric composition and Greenhouse gases through multi-Instruments Campaigns) to monitor GHGs and validate the actual and future space missions such as IASI-NG and Microcarb.

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Horobrih, Pavlo. "Forensic Expert Evaluation of Microcar Driver Actions in Case of Traffic Collision." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 30, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2023.10.

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Actions microcar drivers (electric unicycle, electric scooter, etc.) were analyzed with the aim of developing new regulatory approaches to conducting forensic research and providing a forensic expert conclusion on a traffic collision involving the person driving such a vehicle. The lack issue of a regulatory framework for operation of such means of transportation as unicycles on public roads is outlined, as well as the issue associated with the use of unicycles in public areas (in parks, playgrounds, sidewalks, etc.). The design of the unicycle is presented, the methods of its control are systematized, and a detailed list of equipment necessary for ensuring road traffic with microcar participation is offered. As an example, a part of the author's expert research on criminal proceedings to establish whether an electric scooter belongs to the category of vehicles in accordance with requirements of traffic codes in force in Ukraine is presented. This article purpose is to supplement the legislative framework of Ukraine with conditions and rules for driving microcars, as well as to determine functions of a person driving a unicycle while traffic collision. To achieve this goal, general scientific and special methods (formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction), special legal, system analysis) were used.

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Meftah, Mustapha, Alain Sarkissian, Philippe Keckhut, and Alain Hauchecorne. "The SOLAR-HRS New High-Resolution Solar Spectra for Disk-Integrated, Disk-Center, and Intermediate Cases." Remote Sensing 15, no. 14 (July 15, 2023): 3560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15143560.

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The solar spectrum at the top of the atmosphere contains crucial data for solar physics, astronomy, and geophysics. Accurately determining high-resolution solar reference spectra, whether they are disk-integrated, disk-center, or intermediate cases, represents a new challenge and is of primary importance for all applications where spectral solar radiation needs to be evaluated. These spectra are also essential for interpreting remote sensing measurements that rely on sunlight, such as those obtained by Earth observation satellites or spacecraft exploring other planets. This paper lays a foundation for the implementation of multiple new solar irradiance reference spectra that have high resolution and are representative of solar minimum conditions. We developed the SOLAR high-resolution extraterrestrial reference spectra (SOLAR-HRS disk-integrated spectra) by normalizing high-spectral-resolution solar line data to the absolute irradiance scale of the SOLAR-ISS reference spectrum. The resulting one-of-a-kind SOLAR-HRS disk-integrated spectrum has a spectral resolution varying between 0.001 and 1 nm in the 0.5–4400 nm wavelength range. We also implemented a new high-resolution solar spectrum at the disk-center, covering a range of 650–4400 nm with a spectral resolution of 0.001 to 0.02 nm. We further expanded our analysis by producing several solar spectra for ten different solar view angles ranging from μ = 0.9 to μ = 0.05 (SOLAR-HRS intermediate cases). Finally, we developed new Merged Parallelised Simplified ATLAS spectra (MPS-ATLAS) based on solar modeling with Kurucz and Vald3 solar linelists for both the disk-integrated and disk-center spectra. One of the objectives of implementing all these new solar spectra is to fulfill the requirements of the MicroCarb space mission, which focuses on measuring greenhouse gas emissions. The solar data of this study are openly available.

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Bell, Emily, Christopher W. O'Dell, Thomas E. Taylor, Aronne Merrelli, Robert R. Nelson, Matthäus Kiel, Annmarie Eldering, Robert Rosenberg, and Brendan Fisher. "Exploring bias in the OCO-3 snapshot area mapping mode via geometry, surface, and aerosol effects." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 109–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-109-2023.

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Abstract. The Atmospheric Carbon Observations from Space (ACOS) retrieval algorithm has been delivering operational column-averaged carbon dioxide dry-air mole fraction (XCO2) data for the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) missions since 2014. The ACOS Level 2 Full Physics (L2FP) algorithm retrieves a number of parameters, including aerosol and surface properties, in addition to atmospheric CO2. Past analysis has shown that while the ACOS retrieval meets mission precision requirements of 0.1 %–0.5 % in XCO2, residual biases and some sources of error remain unaccounted for (Wunch et al., 2017; Worden et al., 2017; Torres et al., 2019). Forward model and other errors can lead to systematic biases in the retrieved XCO2, which are often correlated with these additional retrieved parameters. The characterization of such biases is particularly essential to urban- and local-scale emissions studies, where it is critical to accurately distinguish source signals relative to background concentrations (Nassar et al., 2017; Kiel et al., 2021). In this study we explore algorithm-induced biases through the use of simulated OCO-3 snapshot area mapping (SAM) mode observations, which offer a unique window into these biases with their wide range of viewing geometries over a given scene. We focus on a small percentage of SAMs in the OCO-3 vEarly product which contains artificially strong across-swath XCO2 biases spanning several parts per million, related to observation geometry. We investigate the causes of swath bias by using the timing and geometry of real OCO-3 SAMs to retrieve XCO2 from custom simulated Level 1b radiance spectra. By building relatively simple scenes and testing a variety of parameters, we find that aerosol is the primary driver of swath bias, with a complex combination of viewing geometry and aerosol optical properties contributing to the strength and pattern of the bias. Finally, we seek to understand successful mitigation of swath bias in the new OCO-3 version 10 data product. Results of this study may be useful in uncovering other remaining sources of XCO2 bias and may help minimize similar retrieval biases for both present missions (GOSAT, GOSAT-2, OCO-2, OCO-3, TanSat) and future missions (e.g., MicroCarb, GeoCarb, GOSAT-GW, CO2M).

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Keller, Lorenzo, Anh Le, Blerim Cici, Hulya Seferoglu, Christina Fragouli, and Athina Markopoulou. "MicroCast." ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review 16, no. 4 (February 4, 2013): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2436196.2436210.

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Hu, Yongquan, Hui-Shyong Yeo, Mingyue Yuan, Haoran Fan, Don Samitha Elvitigala, Wen Hu, and Aaron Quigley. "MicroCam." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 7, no. 3 (September 27, 2023): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3610921.

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The primary focus of this research is the discreet and subtle everyday contact interactions between mobile phones and their surrounding surfaces. Such interactions are anticipated to facilitate mobile context awareness, encompassing aspects such as dispensing medication updates, intelligently switching modes (e.g., silent mode), or initiating commands (e.g., deactivating an alarm). We introduce MicroCam, a contact-based sensing system that employs smartphone IMU data to detect the routine state of phone placement and utilizes a built-in microscope camera to capture intricate surface details. In particular, a natural dataset is collected to acquire authentic surface textures in situ for training and testing. Moreover, we optimize the deep neural network component of the algorithm, based on continual learning, to accurately discriminate between object categories (e.g., tables) and material constituents (e.g., wood). Experimental results highlight the superior accuracy, robustness and generalization of the proposed method. Lastly, we conducted a comprehensive discussion centered on our prototype, encompassing topics such as system performance and potential applications and scenarios.

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Lidozzi, A., L. Solero, and A. Di Napoli. "Ultracapacitors equipped hybrid electric MicroCar." IET Electric Power Applications 4, no. 8 (2010): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0096.

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Haque, Aina Fatkhil, Betna Dewi, and Lena Hartati. "Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Fisik Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer Minyak Atsiri Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrus macrocarpa Bunge)." Lumbung Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian 3, no. 1 (January 9, 2022): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/lf.v3i1.7032.

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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) untuk membuat sediaan gel hand sanitizer. Proses pembuatan sediaan gel hand sanitizer Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) menggunakan variasi konsentrasi Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) 0%, 1%, 2%, dan 4%, basis yang digunakan sebagai gelling agent yaitu carbomer, dan dilakukan evaluasi sediaan yang meliputi uji organoleptis, uji pH, uji viskositas, uji daya sebar, uji daya lekat, dan uji homogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) dapat dibuat sediaan gel hand sanitizer dan perbedaan konsentrasi dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik sediaan gel hand sanitizer yang meliputi konsistensi dan bau gel hand sanitizer. Dari keempat formula F0 0%, F1 1%, F2 2%, dan F3 4% sediaan yang paling baik adalah F3 dengan konsentrasi Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) 4% v/vKata kunci : Jeruk Kalamansi; Sediaan gel; Handsanitizer; Minyak Atsiri; Anti Bakteri. ABSTRACTThis review plans to decide the capacity of Kalamansi Orange Peel Essential Oil (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) to make hand sanitizer gel arrangements. The process of making hand sanitizer gel preparations of Kalamansi Orange Peel Essential Oil (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) using a concentration variety of Kalamansi Orange Peel Essential Oil (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) 1%, 2%, 4%, the base used as a gelling agent is carbomer, and an assessment was done. Arrangements which incorporate organoleptic test, pH test, Viscosity test, Dispersion test, adhesion test, and homogeneity test. The outcomes showed that Kalamansi Orange Peel Essential Oil (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) could be made into hand sanitizer gel arrangements and contrasts in focus could influence the actual properties of hand sanitizer gel arrangements which incorporated the consistency and scent of the hand sanitizer gel. Of the four equations F0 0%, F1 1%, F2 2%, dan F3 4%, the best arrangement is F3 with a concentration of 4% v/v Kalamansi Orange Peel Essential Oil (Citrus microcarpa Bunge).Keywords : Calamansi; Gel; Handsanitizer; Essential Oil; Antibacterial.

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Chaudhary, Raju, Chu Shin Koh, Sateesh Kagale, Lily Tang, Siu Wah Wu, Zhenling Lv, Annaliese S. Mason, Andrew G. Sharpe, Axel Diederichsen, and Isobel A. P. Parkin. "Assessing Diversity in the Camelina Genus Provides Insights into the Genome Structure of Camelina sativa." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 4 (February 11, 2020): 1297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.119.400957.

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Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz an oilseed crop of the Brassicaceae family is gaining attention due to its potential as a source of high value oil for food, feed or fuel. The hexaploid domesticated C. sativa has limited genetic diversity, encouraging the exploration of related species for novel allelic variation for traits of interest. The current study utilized genotyping by sequencing to characterize 193 Camelina accessions belonging to seven different species collected primarily from the Ukrainian-Russian region and Eastern Europe. Population analyses among Camelina accessions with a 2n = 40 karyotype identified three subpopulations, two composed of domesticated C. sativa and one of C. microcarpa species. Winter type Camelina lines were identified as admixtures of C. sativa and C. microcarpa. Eighteen genotypes of related C. microcarpa unexpectedly shared only two subgenomes with C. sativa, suggesting a novel or cryptic sub-species of C. microcarpa with 19 haploid chromosomes. One C. microcarpa accession (2n = 26) was found to comprise the first two subgenomes of C. sativa suggesting a tetraploid structure. The defined chromosome series among C. microcarpa germplasm, including the newly designated C. neglecta diploid née C. microcarpa, suggested an evolutionary trajectory for the formation of the C. sativa hexaploid genome and re-defined the underlying subgenome structure of the reference genome.

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Chen, Richard. "Microcap Deception." Journal of Investing 9, no. 3 (August 31, 2000): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3905/joi.2000.319378.

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Noviyanty, Yuska, and Hepiyansori Hepiyansori. "IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA TANIN DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BUAH JERUK KALAMANSI (Citrus x microcarpa Bunge)." Jurnal Ilmiah Pharmacy 6, no. 1 (May 17, 2019): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52161/jiphar.v6i1.7.

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Pemanfaatan kulit buah jeruk belum dikenal secara luas oleh masyarakat, sedangkan kulit buah jeruk masih dimungkinkan mempunyai manfaat lain. Pada penelitian ini yang diteliti adalah kulit buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrus x microcarpa Bunge). Kulit buah jerukmemiliki kandungan kimia yang berpotensi sebagai obat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi ekstrak etanol simplisia kulit buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrus x microcarpa Bunge). Proses penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstrak kulit buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrus x microcarpa Bunge) dengan metode maserasi, kemudian dilakukan skrining fitokimia untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa tanin dan uji penegasan menggunakan KLT. Hasil pemeriksaan karakterisasi ekstrak kulit buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrus x microcarpa Bunge) diperoleh kadar abu 35%, kadar susut pengeringan 7%. Hasil skrining fitokimia dari ekstrak kulit buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrus x microcarpa Bunge) menunjukkan positif tanin dan dilanjutkan uji penegasandengan KLT dengan nilai Rf sampel 0,89 dan nilai Rf baku pembanding 0,86.

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Haque, Aina Fatkhil. "FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTI BAKTERI SABUN PADAT MINYAK ATSIRI JERUK KALAMANSI (Citrus microcarpa) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acnes." Jurnal Ilmiah Pharmacy 10, no. 2 (October 27, 2023): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52161/jiphar.v10i2.508.

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Minyak Atsiri Kulit Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa) memiliki komponen utamanya yaitu limonene . Limonene adalah hidrokarbon dalam siklus terpen yang berupa cairan, memiliki bau khas dari kulit jeruk. oleh karena itu, diberi nama Limonene karena sebagian besar terdapat pada kulit jeruk. Limonene digunakan sebagai antibakteri yang dapat dibuat sediaan antimikroba dan antisepticMetode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode ekperimental. Sampel yang digunakan adalah minyak atsiri jeruk kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa) diformulasikan menjadi sabun padat lalu di ujikan dengan bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri jeruk kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa) dapat diformulasi menjadi sediaan sabun padat antibakteri.Variasi kandungan minyak atsiri jeruk kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa) mempengaruhi sifat fisik dari sediaan sabun padat antibakteri. Variasi minyak atsiri jeruk kalamansi (Citrus microcarpa) mempengaruhi kekuatan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes, formulasi yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang paling kuat yaitu formula 3.

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Sari, Destria Indah, Dina Rahmawanty, Yunita Jultan, and Siti Sumiati Naba. "Sediaan Ekstrak Air Daun Gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa) Memiliki Potensi Memperbaiki Kulit yang Terpapar Sinar Ultraviolet." Jurnal Pharmascience 7, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v7i1.8071.

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ABSTRAK Sinar ultraviolet dapat memberikan dampak yang merugikan terhadap kulit. Meskipun sinar ultraviolet juga memberikan manfaat seperti memediasi sintesis vitamin D, namun paparan berlebih sinar ultraviolet dapat menyebabkan kelainan kulit dan dapat menimbulkan resiko kesehatan, seperti atropi, perubahan pigmen, keriput, dan malignancy (keganasan). Reaksi tersebut timbul karena pembentukan radikal bebas dan untuk mengatasinya diperlukan antioksidan. Ekstrak daun Aquilaria microcarpa diketahui mengandung flavanoid, yang dapat berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Pemanfaatan ekstrak daun Aquilaria microcarpa dalam bentuk sediaan merupakan langkah untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan pemakaian dan memaksimalkan manfaat ekstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kemampuan sediaan ekstrak daun Aquilaria microcarpa dalam memperbaiki kulit yang terpapar sinar matahari. Kulit yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah kulit mencit dewasa galur Balb/C yang telah diberi perlakuan selama 8 hari. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap lapisan epidermis dan dermis terhadap masing-masing ketebalan dan jumlah melanosit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sediaan ekstrak daun Aquilaria microcarpa memiliki potensi memperbaiki kulit yang terpapar sinar ultraviolet. Kata Kunci: paparan sinar ultraviolet, Aquilaria microcarpa, ABSTRACT Ultraviolet rays could give negative effect to skin. Although ultraviolet rays also give benefit, for example, catalyzing vitamin D synthesis, but excessive exposure of ultraviolet rays may cause skin disorders, such as atropy, pigment changes, wrinkles, and malignancy. Those reactions caused by free radicals formation and need antioxidant to reduce them. Aquilaria microcarpa leaves extract were revealed to have flavanoid, which can be used as antioxidant. Its usage as dosage form was a step to increase acceptability and to maximize benefit of the extract. This research was aimed to determined Aquilaria microcarpa leaves extract ability to recover skin-previously exposed to ultraviolet rays. Skin used in this research were full grown mice Balb/C whom treated after 8 days. Epidermis thickness and melanocyte cell numbers were counted and compared with UV group and control group. The result showed Aquilaria microcarpa leaves extract as dosage form has potency to recover skin which exposure to ultraviolet rays. Keywords: ultraviolet rays exposure, Aquilaria microcarpa

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Majure, Lucas C., and Teodoro Clase. "Uso del nombre Consolea microcarpa versus Consolea picardae (Cactaceae), para una especie endémica de la Española." Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 12, no. 1 (July 20, 2018): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v12.i1.914.

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Existe la duda sobre el uso del nombre correcto de una especie endémica de La Española, Consolea microcarpa (K. Schum.) E.F. Anderson. La mayoría de las más recientes publicaciones usan el sinónimo, C. picardae (Urb.) Areces para la especie, un nombre denominado para corregir un supuesto homónimo, O. microcarpa K. Schum. Discutimos aquí que el nombre correcto que se debería usar para la especie es C. microcarpa, ya que el nombre anterior O. microcarpa Engelm. jamás fue descrito formalmente y entonces representa un nombre provisional. Además, proveemos un mapa de distribución, notas sobre su morfología y ecología y una clave para distinguir las especies de Consolea de La Española.

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Bruch, Alexander W., Xianwen Liu, Zheng Gong, Joshua B. Surya, Ming Li, Chang-Ling Zou, and Hong X. Tang. "Pockels soliton microcomb." Nature Photonics 15, no. 1 (October 19, 2020): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41566-020-00704-8.

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Martin, Sara L., Tyler W. Smith, Tracey James, Fatma Shalabi, Paul Kron, and Connie A. Sauder. "An update to the Canadian range, abundance, and ploidy of Camelina spp. (Brassicaceae) east of the Rocky Mountains." Botany 95, no. 4 (April 2017): 405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0070.

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The distribution and abundance of three Camelina species introduced to Canada is unknown, but critical for evaluating the risks associated with unconfined release of transgenic Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz (2n = 40). Furthermore, previous reports suggest Canadian populations of Camelina microcarpa Andrz. ex DC. vary for ploidy and ability to hybridize with C. sativa. We completed 8 weeks of field work in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, southern Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritimes. We determined the ploidy composition of the populations found. We did not locate Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell., but located four sites with C. sativa and 34 with C. microcarpa. Eleven C. microcarpa populations were tetraploid (2n = 26, 1.00pg/2C) and 22 were hexaploid (2n = 40, 1.50pg/2C), while two populations were mixed. We examined material from botanical gardens and plant gene resource centres assessing total nuclear DNA content and completing chromosome counts for each species and cytotype identified, to determine whether tetraploid and hexaploid C. microcarpa were included in these collections. No tetraploid material was included in the C. microcarpa accessions received; however, a diploid (2n = 12, 0.54pg/2C) was found. Given the current geographic ranges, abundance, and chromosome counts of these species, the greatest risk of hybridization with transgenic C. sativa is from hexaploid C. microcarpa.

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Blume, R. Y., V. H. Sakharova, A. M. Rabokon, A. V. Shumilova, N. M. Shiyan, S. L. Mosyakin, and Y. B. Blume. "Distribution and infraspecific diversity of little-pod false flax (Camelina microcarpa, Brassicaceae) in Ukraine." Ukrainian Botanical Journal 81, no. 1 (February 26, 2024): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj81.01.052.

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False flax (Camelina sativa, Brassicaceae), an emerging biofuel oilseed crop, demonstrates a very limited genetic diversity, which conditioned the high scientific interest to its closest wild relative, C. microcarpa, which is suitable for interspecific hybridization with C. sativa. However, C. microcarpa (as currently understood) is a genetically non-uniform and morphologically variable species that consists of several distinct ribotypes and cytotypes with varying ploidy levels. Little-pod false flax diversity remains understudied in Ukraine, despite the country is one of genetic diversity hotspots of this species. Therefore, in the present study we aimed to clarify the distribution patterns of C. microcarpa and its various infraspecific forms in Ukraine, based on the collections of the National Herbarium of Ukraine (KW). In particular, it has been demonstrated that C. microcarpa occurs at present over the almost whole territory of Ukraine and is represented by two distinct hexaploid cytotypes, as well as by two Western-type ribotypes (W1 and W2).The obtained results clarify the actual distribution range of C. microcarpa in Ukraine and for the first time allows to delineate its various forms there, which in the future can be used for further studies of the population structure of representatives of C. microcarpa in Ukraine.

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Hu, Pin Pin, Qi Dong Gai, Qing Li, and Xin Tang. "Effect of Microcast-X Fine Grain Casting on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of K492M Alloy at 760°C." Materials Science Forum 849 (March 2016): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.849.549.

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The effect of Microcast-X fine grain casting on the microstructure and mechnical property K492M alloy at 760°C of was investigated. The results indicated that Microcast-X fine grain casting decreased grain size and dendrite space of γ′ phase and γ/γ′ eutectic. In addition, the element segregation decreased significantly compared to conventional casting technique. Also, the size and distribution of MC carbide were improved. By Microcast-X fine grain casting, the tensile strength increased from 934MPa of conventional casting alloy to 1089MPa and the elongation increased from 1.9% to 5.7%. In addition, the stress-rupture life increased from 28.8h of conventional casting alloy to 72.5h. And the fracture mechanism for the alloys by Microcast-X fine grain casting is trans-granular fracture toughness.

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21

Patel, Manish, and Sylvia Nagl. "MicroCore: Mapping Genome Expression to Cell Pathways and Networks." Comparative and Functional Genomics 5, no. 1 (2004): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cfg.362.

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The MicroCore toolkit is a suite of analysis programs for microarray and proteomics data that is open source and programmed exclusively in Java. MicroCore provides a flexible and extensible environment for the interpretation of functional genomics data through visualization. The first version of the application (downloadable from the MicroCore website: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/oncology/MicroCore/microcore.htm), implements two programs—PIMs (protein interaction maps) and MicroExpress—and is soon to be followed by an extended version which will also feature a fuzzy k-means clustering application and a Java-based R plug-in for microarray analysis. PIMs and MicroExpress provide a simple yet powerful way of graphically relating large quantities of expression data from multiple experiments to cellular pathways and biological processes in a statistically meaningful way.

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Alfred Maroyi. "Lannea microcarpa: A Review of its Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties." Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences 8, no. 4 (September 5, 2018): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29169/1927-5951.2018.08.04.3.

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Lannea microcarpa is an important food plant and herbal medicine in West Africa. The present study critically reviewed the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of L. microcarpa. The

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23

Dou, Xiaoli, Yani Wu, Jiguang Luo, Xiaopeng Yin, Meiying Fu, Xiangping Zeng, and Huifang Wang. "Activity of the Ethanolic Extract Obtained from Citrus microcarpa Pericarps against Meloidogyne enterolobii, and Chemical Composition Analysis." HortScience 59, no. 6 (June 2024): 858–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci17817-24.

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Citrus microcarpa is a popular nutritious fruit that is widely cultivated in China. In recent years, many compounds with significant pharmacological activities have been isolated successfully from the pericarp of C. microcarpa. However, to date, there are no reports on the activity of C. microcarpa pericarp against root-knot nematodes. This study used the ethanolic extract from the pericarp of Hainan C. microcarpa and the impregnation method to determine its activity on J2 Meloidogyne enterolobii specimens and on single-egg hatching. The results showed that when J2 individuals were treated with 50 mg⋅mL–1 of the extract, the lethal concentration 50 values after 24 and 48 hours were 17.124 and 8.858 mg⋅mL–1, respectively. The mortality rate of nematodes after 48 hours of treatment was 100%, and the inhibition rate of single-egg hatching after 24 hours was 89.29%. The ethanolic extract of C. microcarpa peels showed high inhibitory and lethal activity against the M. enterolobii. The analysis of the chemical composition of the extract revealed 28 substances with insecticidal and antibacterial effects, including lignans, flavonoids, fatty acids, organic acids, terpenoids, and imidazole. The formulas of the chemical structures and pharmacological effects of these potential insecticidal and antibacterial substances were elucidated to provide a scientific basis and a theoretical reference for the use of C. microcarpa pericarps as a raw material for the development of new, natural plant nematicides.

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Nandam, Bhagyasri, Devi Singh, and C. John Wesley. "Evaluation of Different Ornamental Ficus under Shadenet Conditions of Prayagraj." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 10 (August 12, 2023): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i102614.

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An experiment entitled Evaluation of different ornamental ficus under shadenet conditions of prayagraj was conducted in shadenet house, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj during July-October 2022 on ficus. The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight varieties replicated thrice. The varieties used were Ficus microcarpa golden, Ficus microcarpa moclame, Ficus microcarpa crassifolia, Ficus triangularis variegata, Ficus benjamina exotica, Ficus benjamina reginald, Ficus benjamina starlight, Ficus benjamina safari. The results revealed that better performance was seen in Ficus microcarpa golden in all parameters like plant height at 90 days (56.33 cm), no. of leaves at 90 days (94.43 cm), leaf length at 90 days (10.13 cm), leaf breadth at 90 days (4.53 cm), no. of primary branches at 90 days (11.23 cm), plant spread at 90 days (36.93 cm), leaf petiole length (1.6 cm).

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Compton, S. G., M. Stavrinides, C. Kaponas, and P. J. Thomas. "No escape: most insect colonisers of an introduced fig tree in Cyprus come from the plant’s native range." Biological Invasions 22, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-019-02132-4.

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AbstractPlants that become invasive outside their native range often benefit from the absence of their native-range herbivores. Ficus microcarpa is a widely-planted Asian–Australasian species of fig tree that has become invasive in parts of its introduced range. As in most places where it is planted, the pollinator of F. microcarpa has been introduced to Cyprus, together with at least six other Asian fig wasp species. We recorded the other insects feeding on the leaves, buds and stems of this fig tree in southern Cyprus. Eight sap-sucking insects were recorded, and one leaf-galling species, with some present at high frequencies and densities. The insects were a mix of introduced polyphagous species and introduced F. microcarpa specialists. They included the first European record of the fig leaf galling psyllid Trioza brevigenae, which was described from India. Ficus microcarpa has not escaped from its native-range phytophages, but they appear to be free of their own specialist parasitoids and predators. The result is a herbivore load than may be comparable with what the plant experiences in its countries of origin. This is likely to reduce the invasiveness of F. microcarpa, but at the same time makes the plant a less attractive option for future planting.

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Coelho, Luís Francisco Mello, and Marco Aurélio Pizo. "Population structure and canopy use by Coussapoa microcarpa, a strangler hemiepiphyte from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." Journal of Tropical Ecology 29, no. 3 (May 2013): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467413000254.

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Abstract:We studied density, size structure, and establishment sites of Coussapoa microcarpa in the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest. This species is a hemiepiphyte that begins its life in the tops of trees and survives the death of its host to become a free-standing tree. All individuals of C. microcarpa already rooted in the ground were recorded in a 3.43 ha (1.75 ha in lowland and 1.68 ha in submontane) sample of forest plots. Data on total height, root diameter at breast height, host height and diameter at breast height, as well as height, type and diameter of the establishment site were collected. Coussapoa microcarpa present a high density (36.5 ind. ha−1) and the population studied was composed mainly of young individuals. Young and adults differed in establishment sites. The diameter of establishment sites of young was narrower than the diameter of establishment sites of adults, which points out to a limiting factor (diameter of establishment site) regulating the establishment of C. microcarpa.

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Abdul Kari, Zulhisyam, Wendy Wee, and Lee Seong Wei. "Citrus microcarpa extract as bio-immunostimulator for Edwardsiellosis in red hybrid tilapia culture." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 6, no. 1 (September 2, 2021): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v6i1.721.

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This paper described the application of Citrus microcarpa extract as bio-immunostimulator in red hybrid tilapia against Edwardsiellosis infection. Edwardsiellosis due to Edwardsiella tarda is one of the well-known bacterial diseases in aquaculture which leads to significant economic losses. The increasing antibiotic resistant cases among pathogenic bacteria led to many commercial antibiotics no longer effective in controlling bacterial diseases in aquaculture. Hence, in the present study was carried out to evaluate potential of C. microcarpa extract as immunostimulator against Edwardsiellosis infection in red hybrid tilapia. Comparison in terms of cumulative mortalities and antibody response against E. tarda among group of fish received C. microcarpa extract at different concentrations (CM1-1, 1 g kg-1 of fish; CM-2, 2 g kg-1 of fish and CM-4, 4 g kg-1 of fish) and group of fish received no medicated commercial feed (control) was carried out in the present study. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to monitor antibody response of fish that received medicated feed. The results of the present study showed that the values of antibody response against E. tarda of fish after seven days received C. microcarpa extract (CM-1, 0.113 ± 0.02 OD; CM-2, 0.14 ± 0.02 OD; CM-4, 0.173 ± 0.03 OD) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to fish from group of control (0.0 OD). Whereas cumulative mortality of fish from group of control (53.3 ± 11.5 %) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to fish from all of groups received C. microcarpa extract (CM-1, 13.3 ± 5.8 %; CM-2, 13.3 ± 5.8 % and CM-4, 6.7 ± 5.8 %). The results indicated the potential of C. microcarpa extract as immunostimulator in finfish culture.

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Carroll, Walter, and William Fox. "Social Statistics Using MicroCase." Teaching Sociology 23, no. 3 (July 1995): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1319230.

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Yang, Xiang-Nan, Yong-Sheng Jin, Ping Zhu, and Hai-Sheng Chen. "Amides from Uvaria microcarpa." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 46, no. 2 (May 2010): 324–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-010-9605-6.

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30

Jeong, Dongin, Dohyeon Kwon, Igju Jeon, In Hwan Do, Jungwon Kim, and Hansuek Lee. "Ultralow jitter silica microcomb." Optica 7, no. 9 (August 28, 2020): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/optica.390944.

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Suh, Myoung-Gyun, and Kerry J. Vahala. "Soliton microcomb range measurement." Science 359, no. 6378 (February 22, 2018): 884–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aao1968.

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32

De Moraes e Souza, Maria A., Lothar W. Bieber, Alda A. Chiappeta, Gessé M. Maciel, José F. De Mello, Franco Delle Monache, and Irene Messana. "Arylbenzofurans from Indigofera microcarpa." Phytochemistry 27, no. 6 (January 1988): 1817–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)80451-5.

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33

Phipps, J. B. "Heteromeles and Photinia (Rosaceae, subfam. Maloideae) of Mexico and Central America." Canadian Journal of Botany 70, no. 11 (November 1, 1992): 2138–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b92-266.

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This paper revises the Mexican and Central American species of Heteromeles M. Roemer and Photinia Lindley (Rosaceae, subfamily Maloideae). One genus, Heteromeles, is monotypic, whereas in Photinia five species are recognised. Of the Photinia species, one, P. mexicana, is highly distinct and the remainder are closely related to, or part of, the P. microcarpa complex. A numerical taxonomic study has been conducted to assist in differentiating the last-named group of taxa. One new species, Photinia guerreris, and two new subspecies of Photinia microcarpa, sspp. elliptica and hintonii, are described. In Photinia microcarpa ssp. hintonii a new variety, var. brevis, is created. Key words: Heteromeles, Photinia, Rosaceae, taxonomy, Mexico, Central America.

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Liu, Feng, Yu Deng, Fei-Hu Wang, Rajesh Jeewon, Qian Zeng, Xiu-Lan Xu, Ying-Gao Liu, and Chun-Lin Yang. "Morphological and molecular analyses reveal two new species of Microcera (Nectriaceae, Hypocreales) associated with scale insects on walnut in China." MycoKeys 98 (May 29, 2023): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.98.103484.

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The fungal genus Microcera consists of species mostly occurring as parasites of scale insects, but are also commonly isolated from soil or lichens. In the present study, we surveyed the diversity and assess the taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi in Sichuan Province, China. Two new species of Microcera, viz. M. chrysomphaludis and M. pseudaulacaspidis, were isolated from scale insects colonising walnut (Juglans regia). Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses of ITS, LSU, tef1-α, rpb1, rpb2, acl1, act, tub2, cmdA and his3 sequence data provide evidence for the validity of the two species and their placement in Nectriaceae (Hypocreales). Microcera pseudaulacaspidis primarily differs from similar species by having more septate and smaller cylindrical macroconidia, as well as DNA sequence data. Meanwhile, Microcera chrysomphaludis has elliptical, one-septate ascospores with acute ends and cylindrical, slightly curved with 4–6 septate macroconidia up to 78 µm long. Morphological descriptions with illustrations of the novel species and DNA-based phylogeny generated from analyses of multigene dataset are also provided to better understand species relationships.

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Ramadhani, Nurfijrin, Agung Giri Samudra, and Lea Wati Indah Pratiwi. "Analisis Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Sari Jeruk Kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa ) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS." Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia 6, no. 01 (June 30, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35311/jmpi.v6i01.57.

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Jeruk kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa) banyak terdapat di Kota Bengkulu serta merupakan salah satu produk unggulan di Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya senyawa flavonoid yang terdapat dalam sari buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa) dan untuk mengetahui berapa kadar flavonoid yang terdapat dalam sari buah jeruk kalamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan uji kualitatif (uji warna) untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya senyawa flavonoid. Selanjutnya penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membuat seri kadar kuersetin yaitu 20, 40, 80, dan 100 ppm dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Data absorbansi yang diperoleh kemudian dihitung kadarnya. Hasil penelitian uji kualitatif menunjukan bahwa sari jeruk kalamansi positif mengandung flavonoid. Dan hasil kadar flavonoid yang didapat dengan metode spektrofotometri yaitu 10,958 mg/RE.

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FENG, GUI, and DA-WEI HUANG. "Description of a new species of Odontofroggatia (Chalcidoidea, Epichrysomallinae) associated with Ficus microcarpa (Moraceae) with a key to species of the genus." Zootaxa 2335, no. 1 (January 13, 2010): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2335.1.4.

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Odontofroggatia is a non-pollinating fig wasp genus associated with a narrow range of host species (Ficus microcarpa and F. prasinicarpa). A new species, Odontofroggatia quinifuniculus Feng & Huang sp. nov., is described from specimens reared from F. microcarpa in Hainan province, China. A key for distinguishing species is presented. The holotype is deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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Mardiah, Ainul, Yenita Alamsyah, and Kornialia Kornialia. "PENGARUH EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH JERUK PONTIANAK (Citrus Nobilis L Var Microcarpa) DALAM PEMBENTUKAN ZONA HAMBAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Streptococcus mutans." B-Dent: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Baiturrahmah 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33854/jbdjbd.83.

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Karies gigi merupakan penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling sering dijumpai di masyarakat. Faktor yang dapat memicu terjadinya karies gigi salah satunya bakteri Streptococcus mutans. berbagai cara untuk mencegah terjadinya karies salah satunya dengan menggunakan bahan alami yaitu ektsrak kulit buah jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis L var microcarpa). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak kulit buah jeruk Pontianak (Citsrus nobilis L var microcarpa) dalam pembentukan zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian true eksperimental designs kemudian hasil dianalisa dengan mengunakan uji ANOVA. Ekstrak kulit jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis L var microcarpa) dengan konsentrasi 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% diuji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans dengan menggunakan metode disc difussion. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak kulit jeruk Pontianak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans, dimana rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang paling besar pada kosentrasi 35% (11,3 mm) dengan kategori zona hambat kuat, sedangkan diameter zona hambat yang paling kecil pada kosentrasi 5% (8,4 mm) dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat aktivitas ekstrak kulit buah jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis L var microcarpa) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans.

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Mardiah, Ainul, Yenita Alamsyah, and Kornialia Kornialia. "PENGARUH EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH JERUK PONTIANAK (Citrus Nobilis L Var Microcarpa) DALAM PEMBENTUKAN ZONA HAMBAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Streptococcus mutans." B-Dent, Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Baiturrahmah 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33854/jbdjbd.93.

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Karies gigi merupakan penyakit gigi dan mulut yang paling sering dijumpai di masyarakat. Faktor yang dapat memicu terjadinya karies gigi salah satunya bakteri Streptococcus mutans. berbagai cara untuk mencegah terjadinya karies salah satunya dengan menggunakan bahan alami yaitu ektsrak kulit buah jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis L var microcarpa). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak kulit buah jeruk Pontianak (Citsrus nobilis L var microcarpa) dalam pembentukan zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian true eksperimental designs kemudian hasil dianalisa dengan mengunakan uji ANOVA. Ekstrak kulit jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis L var microcarpa) dengan konsentrasi 5%, 15%, 25%, 35% diuji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans dengan menggunakan metode disc difussion. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak kulit jeruk Pontianak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans, dimana rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang paling besar pada kosentrasi 35% (11,3 mm) dengan kategori zona hambat kuat, sedangkan diameter zona hambat yang paling kecil pada kosentrasi 5% (8,4 mm) dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat aktivitas ekstrak kulit buah jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis L var microcarpa) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans.

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Apridamayanti, Pratiwi, Robiyanto Robiyanto, and Trie Farica. "FICI Value Determination of Combination of Aquilaria microcarpa Baill. Ethanolic Extract with Amoxicillin against Salmonella typhi." Kartika : Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi 8, no. 1 (April 3, 2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26874/kjif.v8i1.246.

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Karas (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) adalah tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap beberapa bakteri patogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai FICI dari kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun karas (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) dengan amoksisilin terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif untuk mengetahui karakteristik kombinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai FICI kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun karas (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) dengan amoksisilin terhadap Salmonella typhi adalah 4. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik kombinasi terhadap bakteri Salmonella typhi bersifat indifferent atau tak berbeda.Kata kunci : Aquilaria microcarpa Baill., ekstrak etanol, amoksisilin, Salmonella typhi , Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI)

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Da Gama, Siti Karmia Jose. "COMPARISON METHOD OF EXTRACTION TO TOTAL FLAVONOID CONVENTION OF 70% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF GAHARU LEAVES (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill)." Jurnal Jamu Kusuma 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37341/jurnaljamukusuma.v1i2.11.

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Gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di Sumatera dan Kalimantan. Daun Gaharu (A. microcarpa Baill) memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid yang bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan metode ekstraksi terhadap kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol 70% daun Gaharu (A. microcarpa Baill). Daun Gaharu diekstraksi melalui dua metode ekstraksi yaitu perkolasi dan sokletasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Ekstrak dari masing-masing metode ekstraksi dilakukan uji flavonoid secara kualitatif menggunakan pereaksi Wilstater Test dengan menambahkan Mg dan HCl pekat. Uji flavonoid dilakukan secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode kolorimetri dengan pereaksi AlCl3 dan asam asetat dengan pembanding kuersetin menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Panjang gelombang yang digunakan dalam penetapan kadar flavonoid 410 nm dengan operating time 40-60 menit. Hasil identifikasi senyawa flavonoid didapatkan ekstrak etanol 70% daun Gaharu positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid. Hasil uji kuantitatif didapatkan kadar flavonoid metode perkolasi 109,923 mg QE/ g ekstrak dan hasil metode sokletasi 36,333 mg QE/ g ekstrak. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa metode perkolasi memiliki kadar flavonoid lebih besar dibandingkan metode sokletasi. Kata kunci: Kadar Flavonoid, Daun Gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill), Ekstrak Etanol 70%, Perkolasi, Sokletasi, Spektrofotometri UV-Vis.

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Kulesza, Witold. "Oxycoccos microcarpa Turcz. w nadleśnictwie nowogrodzkiem [Ein Standort von Oxycoccos microcarpa bei Nowogródek]." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 6, no. 2 (2017): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1929.004.

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Sullivan, Thomas J. "Software Reviews : Social Statistics: An Introduction Using MicroCase and Doing Statistics Using MicroCase." Social Science Computer Review 14, no. 3 (October 1996): 342–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089443939601400310.

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Lestari, Astri Indah, Khoiron Nazip, and Riyanto Riyanto. "PENGARUH EKSTRAK KULIT JERUK KALAMANSI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI SALMONELLA TYPHI DAN SUMBANGANNYA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI SMA." BIO-EDU: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi 7, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32938/jbe.v7i2.2260.

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Kalamansi orange (Citrus microcarpa Bunge.) has the potential as a source of antimicrobials because the skin of the fruit contains flavonoid compounds, tannins, and alkaloids which have been shown to be able to inhibit the growth of gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to obtain information on the effect of ethanolic extract of kalamansi orange peel (C. microcarpa Bunge.) on the growth of Salmonella typhi bacteria land the minimum inhibitory concentration of ethanolic extract of kalamansi orange peel (C. microcarpa Bunge.) on the growth of S. ltyphi bacteria. Experimental research with a completely randomized design, the results were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test. Calamansi orange peel ethanol extract with concentrations of 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, and 15% was tested for antibacterial activity against the growth of S. typhi bacteria using the disc diffusion method. The parameters observed were the diameter of the inhibition zone formed around the lpaper disc. The results of this study showed that ethanol extract of kalamansi orange peel (C. microcarpa Bunge.) had a significant effect on the growth of S. typhi bacteria, with a 95% confidence level and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanolic extract of kalamansi orange peel (C. microcarpa Bunge.) on bacterial growth. S. typhi was at a concentration of 10%, to be precise, MIC was at a concentration of 5% with an average inhibition zone diameter of 5.27 mm. The results of this study were donated in the form of student worksheets and related their role in life in the biology subject of SMA class X even semester

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Pi, Yan Hui, Chun Zhang, Ke Xi Liao, and Ou Yang Sun. "Microcor Corrosion Monitoring Technology and its Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 318 (May 2013): 579–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.318.579.

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With the purpose of comprehensive understanding of the oil and gas pipeline corrosion factors and formulating correct anti-corrosion programs, working principle, technical characteristic, monitoring procedures, application examples of Microcor corrosion monitoring were described in this paper. Compared with commonly used corrosion monitoring technology such as weight loss method, linear polarization resistance method, resistance probe method, Microcor corrosion monitoring has the advantages of high sensitivity, wide application, stable performance, fast response and high resolution. Microcor corrosion monitoring corrosion is the ideal test technology of corrosion process monitoring and corrosion process control, especially for the inhibitor effect evaluation.

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Ji, Qing-Xin, Peng Liu, Warren Jin, Joel Guo, Lue Wu, Zhiquan Yuan, Jonathan Peters, et al. "Multimodality integrated microresonators using the Moiré speedup effect." Science 383, no. 6687 (March 8, 2024): 1080–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adk9429.

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High- Q microresonators are indispensable components of photonic integrated circuits and offer several useful operational modes. However, these modes cannot be reconfigured after fabrication because they are fixed by the resonator’s physical geometry. In this work, we propose a Moiré speedup dispersion tuning method that enables a microresonator device to operate in any of three modes. Electrical tuning of Vernier coupled rings switches operating modality to Brillouin laser, bright microcomb, and dark microcomb operation on demand using the same hybrid-integrated device. Brillouin phase matching and microcomb operation across the telecom C-band is demonstrated. Likewise, by using a single-pump wavelength, the operating mode can be switched. As a result, one universal design can be applied across a range of applications. The device brings flexible mixed-mode operation to integrated photonic circuits.

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Koenig, William D. B. "Analysis of Microcap Securities." AIMR Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (March 1997): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/cp.v1997.n1.3.

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Wang, Le, Tingting Zhu, Karin R. Deal, Jan Dvorak, and Ming-Cheng Luo. "Computational Identification and Comparative Analysis of Conserved miRNAs and Their Putative Target Genes in the Juglans regia and J. microcarpa Genomes." Plants 9, no. 10 (October 9, 2020): 1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9101330.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important factors for the post-transcriptional regulation of protein-coding genes in plants and animals. They are discovered either by sequencing small RNAs or computationally. We employed a sequence-homology-based computational approach to identify conserved miRNAs and their target genes in Persian (English) walnut, Juglans regia, and its North American wild relative, J. microcarpa. A total of 119 miRNA precursors (pre-miRNAs) were detected in the J. regia genome and 121 in the J. microcarpa genome and miRNA target genes were predicted and their functional annotations were performed in both genomes. In the J. regia genome, 325 different genes were targets; 87.08% were regulated by transcript cleavage and 12.92% by translation repression. In the J. microcarpa genome, 316 different genes were targets; 88.92% were regulated by transcript cleavage and 11.08% were regulated by translation repression. Totals of 1.3% and 2.0% of all resistance gene analogues (RGA) and 2.7% and 2.6% of all transcription factors (TFs) were regulated by miRNAs in the J. regia and J. microcarpa genomes, respectively. Juglans genomes evolved by a whole genome duplication (WGD) and consist of eight pairs of fractionated homoeologous chromosomes. Within each pair, the chromosome that has more genes with greater average transcription also harbors more pre-miRNAs and more target genes than its homoeologue. While only minor differences were detected in pre-miRNAs between the J. regia and J. microcarpa genomes, about one-third of the pre-miRNA loci were not conserved between homoeologous chromosome within each genome. Pre-miRNA and their corresponding target genes showed a tendency to be collocated within a subgenome.

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Shu, Haowen, Lin Chang, Yuansheng Tao, Bitao Shen, Weiqiang Xie, Ming Jin, Andrew Netherton, et al. "Microcomb-driven silicon photonic systems." Nature 605, no. 7910 (May 18, 2022): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04579-3.

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AbstractMicrocombs have sparked a surge of applications over the past decade, ranging from optical communications to metrology1–4. Despite their diverse deployment, most microcomb-based systems rely on a large amount of bulky elements and equipment to fulfil their desired functions, which is complicated, expensive and power consuming. By contrast, foundry-based silicon photonics (SiPh) has had remarkable success in providing versatile functionality in a scalable and low-cost manner5–7, but its available chip-based light sources lack the capacity for parallelization, which limits the scope of SiPh applications. Here we combine these two technologies by using a power-efficient and operationally simple aluminium-gallium-arsenide-on-insulator microcomb source to drive complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor SiPh engines. We present two important chip-scale photonic systems for optical data transmission and microwave photonics, respectively. A microcomb-based integrated photonic data link is demonstrated, based on a pulse-amplitude four-level modulation scheme with a two-terabit-per-second aggregate rate, and a highly reconfigurable microwave photonic filter with a high level of integration is constructed using a time-stretch approach. Such synergy of a microcomb and SiPh integrated components is an essential step towards the next generation of fully integrated photonic systems.

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Anwar, K., G. C. Juliantie, and Nurlely. "The effect of n-butanol fraction of gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) leaves on blood glucose and liver glycogen levels in alloxan-induced male rats." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 976, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/976/1/012064.

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Abstract Gaharu leaves (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) empirically used to lower blood glucose levels by people of Tamiang Layang Cental Kalimantan. This study measured the activity of A. microcarpa leaves to blood glucose and glycogen liver levels. The study used 24 male white rats. Animal test were divided into 6 groups (n=4) receiving different treatments: normal control, negative control (vehicle), positive control (glibenclamide 0,45 mg/kg BW), n-butanol fraction (12.5 mg/kg BW; 25 mg/kg BW; and 50 mg/kg BW). All groups, excluding the normal group, were induced by alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg BW, i.p.). After 72 hours, the levels of glucose blood were measured and the treatment was administered. Pre-prandial and postprandial measurement of blood glucose levels were conducted on days 0, 7, and 14 after treatment. On day 15th the liver was extracted out and analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry to determine the glycogen levels. The results of this study showed that bood glucose levels reduction and liver glycogen levels enhancement of n-butanol fraction of A. microcarpa leaves at the doses of 12.5; 25 and 50 mg/kg BW significantly different with the negative control (p < 0.05). This result suggests n-butanol fraction of A. microcarpa leaves has potensial as an antidiabetic agent.

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Fitriana, Mia, Wawan Halwany, Khoerul Anwar, Liling Triyasmono, Beny Rahmanto, Susy Andriani, and Nur Ainah. "Karakteristik Fisika Sediaan Suspensi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) dengan Variasi Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium (CMC-Na)." Jurnal Pharmascience 7, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jps.v7i1.8087.

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ABSTRAK Gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) merupakan salah satu hasil hutan yang memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Ekstrak etanol daun A. microcarpa terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang tergolong sangat aktif. Ekstrak etanol daun A. microcarpa kemudian dibuat menjadi sediaan suspensi dengan variasi CMC-Na sebagai agen pengsuspensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi CMC-Na terhadap karakteristik fisik suspensi ekstrak etanol daun A.microcarpa. Suspensi dibuat dengan variasi CMC-Na pada F1 (0,5% CMC-Na), F2 (1% CMC-Na) dan F3 (1,5% CMC-Na). Evaluasi sediaan suspensi meliputi organoleptis, uji viskositas, uji pH, uji homogenitas serta uji berat jenis suspensi. Nilai evaluasi suspensi dianalisis secara statistik dengan software SPSS 21. Hasil evaluasi fisik menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi CMC-Na akan meningkatkan nilai viskositas dan berat jenis sediaan. Kesimpulan dari pengujian ini adalah variasi konsentrasi CMC-Na mempengaruhi hasil viskositas, serta berat jenis suspensi (p<0,05) dan tidak mempengaruhi hasil organoleptis, homogenitas dan pH suspensi. Kata kunci: Gaharu, suspensi, CMC-Na ABSTRACT Gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa Baill.) is one of the Borneo’s forest products that has antioxidant activity. Ethanol extract of A. microcarpa folium has been shown to have antioxidant activity that is classified as very active. The ethanol extract of A. microcarpa folium was then made into a suspension preparation with variations of sodium CMC as a suspending agent. This study aimed to determine the effect of sodium CMC concentration on the physical characteristics of the ethanol extract of A.microcarpa folium. Suspension was made with variations of sodium CMC in F1 (0.5% sodium CMC), F2 (1% sodium CMC) and F3 (1.5% sodium CMC). Evaluation of suspension preparations included organoleptic, viscosity test, pH test, homogeneity test and suspension specific gravity test. The suspension evaluation data were analyzed statistically with SPSS 21 Software. The physical evaluation results showed that the addition of sodium CMC concentration would increase the viscosity and specific gravity of the preparation. The conclusion of this test was that variations in the concentration of sodium CMC affected the results of viscosity and suspension specific gravity (p <0.05) and did not affect the organoleptic yield, homogeneity and pH of the suspension. Keywords: Gaharu, suspension,

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Journal articles on the topic 'MicroCarb'

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