Relevant bibliographies by topics / MicroCarb

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'MicroCarb'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024
Last updated: 30 November 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'MicroCarb.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "MicroCarb"

1

Dogniaux, Matthieu, and Cyril Crevoisier. "Mapping the CO2 total column retrieval performance from shortwave infrared measurements: synthetic impacts of the spectral resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and spectral band selection." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 17, no. 17 (September 12, 2024): 5373–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-5373-2024.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Satellites have been providing spaceborne observations of the total column of CO2 (denoted XCO2) for over two decades now, and, with the need for independent verification of Paris Agreement objectives, many new satellite concepts are currently planned or being studied to complement or extend the instruments that already exist. Depending on whether they are targeting natural and/or anthropogenic fluxes of CO2, the designs of these future concepts vary greatly. The characteristics of their shortwave infrared (SWIR) observations notably explore several orders of magnitude in spectral resolution (from λ/Δλ ∼ 400 for Carbon Mapper to λ/Δλ ∼ 25 000 for MicroCarb) and include different selections of spectral bands (from one to four bands, among which there are the CO2-sensitive 1.6 µm and/or 2.05 µm bands). The very nature of the spaceborne measurements is also explored: for instance, the NanoCarb imaging concept proposes to measure CO2-sensitive truncated interferograms, instead of infrared spectra like other concepts, in order to significantly reduce the instrument size. This study synthetically explores the impact of three different design parameters on the XCO2 retrieval performance obtained through optimal estimation: (1) the spectral resolution, (2) the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and (3) the spectral band selection. Similar performance assessments are completed for the exactly defined OCO-2, MicroCarb, Copernicus CO2 Monitoring (CO2M) and NanoCarb concepts. We show that improving the SNR is more efficient than improving the spectral resolution to increase XCO2 precision when perturbing these parameters across 2 orders of magnitude, and we find that a low SNR and/or a low spectral resolution yield XCO2 with vertical sensitivities that give more weight to atmospheric layers close to the surface. The exploration of various spectral band combinations illustrates, especially for lower spectral resolutions, how including an O2-sensitive band helps to increase the optical path length information and how the 2.05 µm CO2-sensitive band contains more geophysical information than the 1.6 µm band. With very different characteristics, MicroCarb shows a CO2 information content that is only slightly higher than that of CO2M, which translates into XCO2 random errors that are lower by a factor ranging from 1.1 to 1.9, depending on the observational situation. The performance of NanoCarb for a single pixel of its imager is comparable to those of concepts that measure spectra at low SNR and low spectral resolution, but, as this novel concept would observe a given target several times during a single overpass, its performance improves when combining all the observations. Overall, the broad range of results obtained through this synthetic XCO2 performance mapping hint at the future intercomparison challenges that the wide variety of upcoming CO2-observing concepts will pose.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Wu, Kai, Paul I. Palmer, Dien Wu, Denis Jouglet, Liang Feng, and Tom Oda. "Theoretical assessment of the ability of the MicroCarb satellite city-scan observing mode to estimate urban CO2 emissions." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 2 (January 30, 2023): 581–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-581-2023.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. We assess the theoretical capability of the upcoming France–UK MicroCarb satellite, which has a city-scan observing mode, to determine integrated urban emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). To achieve this we report results from a series of closed-loop numerical experiments that use an atmospheric transport model with anthropogenic and biogenic fluxes to determine the corresponding changes in atmospheric CO2 column, accounting for changes in measurement coverage due to cloud loading. We use a maximum a posteriori inverse method to infer the CO2 fluxes based on the measurements and the a priori information. Using an urban CO2 inversion system, we explore the relative performance of alternative two-sweep and three-sweep city observing strategies to quantify CO2 emissions over the cities of Paris and London in different months when biospheric fluxes vary in magnitude. We find that both the two-sweep and three-sweep observing modes are able to reduce a priori flux errors by 20 %–40 % over Paris and London. The three-sweep observing strategy, which generally outperforms the two-sweep mode by virtue of its wider scan area that typically yields more cloud-free observations, can retrieve the total emissions of the truth within 7 % over Paris and 21 % over London. The performance of the limited-domain city-mode observing strategies is sensitive to cloud coverage and particularly sensitive to the prevailing wind direction. We also find that seasonal photosynthetic uptake of CO2 by the urban biosphere weakens atmospheric CO2 gradients across both cities, thereby reducing the sensitivity of urban CO2 enhancements and subsequently compromising the ability of MicroCarb to reduce bias in estimating urban CO2 emissions. This suggests that additional trace gases co-emitted with anthropogenic CO2 emissions, but unaffected by the land biosphere, are needed to quantify sub-city scale CO2 emissions during months when the urban biosphere is particularly active.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bertaux, Jean-Loup, Alain Hauchecorne, Franck Lefèvre, François-Marie Bréon, Laurent Blanot, Denis Jouglet, Pierre Lafrique, and Pavel Akaev. "The use of the 1.27 µm O<sub>2</sub> absorption band for greenhouse gas monitoring from space and application to MicroCarb." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 6 (June 24, 2020): 3329–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3329-2020.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Monitoring CO2 from space is essential to characterize the spatiotemporal distribution of this major greenhouse gas and quantify its sources and sinks. The mixing ratio of CO2 to dry air can be derived from the CO2∕O2 column ratio. The O2 column is usually derived from its absorption signature on the solar reflected spectra over the O2 A band (e.g. Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observation (TANSO)/Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT), TanSat). As a result of atmospheric scattering, the atmospheric path length varies with the aerosols' load, their vertical distribution, and their optical properties. The spectral distance between the O2 A band (0.76 µm) and the CO2 absorption band (1.6 µm) results in significant uncertainties due to the varying spectral properties of the aerosols over the globe. There is another O2 absorption band at 1.27 µm with weaker lines than in the A band. As the wavelength is much closer to the CO2 and CH4 bands, there is less uncertainty when using it as a proxy of the atmospheric path length to the CO2 and CH4 bands. This O2 band is used by the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) implemented for the validation of space-based greenhouse gas (GHG) observations. However, this absorption band is contaminated by the spontaneous emission of the excited molecule O2*, which is produced by the photo-dissociation of O3 molecules in the stratosphere and mesosphere. From a satellite looking nadir, this emission has a similar shape to the absorption signal that is used. In the frame of the CNES (Centre National d'Études Spatiales – the French National Centre for Space Studies) MicroCarb project, scientific studies have been performed in 2016–2018 to explore the problems associated with this O2* airglow contamination and methods to correct it. A theoretical synthetic spectrum of the emission was derived from an approach based on A21 Einstein coefficient information contained in the line-by-line high-resolution transmission molecular absorption (HITRAN) 2016 database. The shape of our synthetic spectrum is validated when compared to O2* airglow spectra observed by the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY)/Envisat in limb viewing. We have designed an inversion scheme of SCIAMACHY limb-viewing spectra, allowing to determine the vertical distribution of the volume emission rate (VER) of the O2* airglow. The VER profiles and corresponding integrated nadir intensities were both compared to a model of the emission based on the Reactive Processes Ruling the Ozone Budget in the Stratosphere (REPROBUS) chemical transport model. The airglow intensities depend mostly on the solar zenith angle (both in model and data), and the model underestimates the observed emission by ∼15 %. This is confirmed with SCIAMACHY nadir-viewing measurements over the oceans: in such conditions, we have disentangled and retrieved the nadir O2* emission in spite of the moderate spectral resolving power (∼860) and found that the nadir SCIAMACHY intensities are mostly dictated by solar zenith angle (SZA) and are larger than the model intensities by a factor of ∼1.13. At a fixed SZA, the model airglow intensities show very little horizontal structure, in spite of ozone variations. It is shown that with the MicroCarb spectral resolution power (25 000) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the contribution of the O2* emission at 1.27 µm to the observed spectral radiance in nadir viewing may be disentangled from the lower atmosphere/ground absorption signature with a great accuracy. Indeed, simulations with 4ARCTIC radiative transfer inversion tool have shown that the CO2 mixing ratio may be retrieved with the accuracy required for quantifying the CO2 natural sources and sinks (pressure-level error ≤1 hPa; XCO2 accuracy better than 0.4 ppmv) with the O2 1.27 µm band only as the air proxy (without the A band). As a result of these studies (at an intermediate phase), it was decided to include this band (B4) in the MicroCarb design, while keeping the O2 A band for reference (B1). Our approach is consistent with the approach of Sun et al. (2018), who also analysed the potential of the O2 1.27 µm band and concluded favourably for GHG monitoring from space. We advocate for the inclusion of this O2 band on other GHG monitoring future space missions, such as GOSAT-3 and EU/European Space Agency (ESA) CO2-M missions, for a better GHG retrieval.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

El Kattar, Marie-Thérèse, Frédérique Auriol, and Hervé Herbin. "Instrumental characteristics and potential greenhouse gas measurement capabilities of the Compact High-Spectral-Resolution Infrared Spectrometer: CHRIS." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 3769–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3769-2020.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Ground-based high-spectral-resolution infrared measurements are an efficient way to obtain accurate tropospheric abundances of different gaseous species, in particular greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2 and CH4. Many ground-based spectrometers are used in the NDACC and TCCON networks to validate the Level 2 satellite data, but their large dimensions and heavy mass make them inadequate for field campaigns. To overcome these problems, the use of portable spectrometers was recently investigated. In this context, this paper deals with the CHRIS (Compact High-Spectral-Resolution Infrared Spectrometer) prototype with unique characteristics such as its high spectral resolution (0.135 cm−1 nonapodized) and its wide spectral range (680 to 5200 cm−1). Its main objective is the characterization of gases and aerosols in the thermal and shortwave infrared regions. That is why it requires high radiometric precision and accuracy, which are achieved by performing spectral and radiometric calibrations that are described in this paper. Furthermore, CHRIS's capabilities to retrieve vertical CO2 and CH4 profiles are presented through a complete information content analysis, a channel selection and an error budget estimation in the attempt to join ongoing campaigns such as MAGIC (Monitoring of Atmospheric composition and Greenhouse gases through multi-Instruments Campaigns) to monitor GHGs and validate the actual and future space missions such as IASI-NG and Microcarb.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Horobrih, Pavlo. "Forensic Expert Evaluation of Microcar Driver Actions in Case of Traffic Collision." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 30, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.1.2023.10.

Full text
Abstract:
Actions microcar drivers (electric unicycle, electric scooter, etc.) were analyzed with the aim of developing new regulatory approaches to conducting forensic research and providing a forensic expert conclusion on a traffic collision involving the person driving such a vehicle. The lack issue of a regulatory framework for operation of such means of transportation as unicycles on public roads is outlined, as well as the issue associated with the use of unicycles in public areas (in parks, playgrounds, sidewalks, etc.). The design of the unicycle is presented, the methods of its control are systematized, and a detailed list of equipment necessary for ensuring road traffic with microcar participation is offered. As an example, a part of the author's expert research on criminal proceedings to establish whether an electric scooter belongs to the category of vehicles in accordance with requirements of traffic codes in force in Ukraine is presented. This article purpose is to supplement the legislative framework of Ukraine with conditions and rules for driving microcars, as well as to determine functions of a person driving a unicycle while traffic collision. To achieve this goal, general scientific and special methods (formal logic (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, abstraction), special legal, system analysis) were used.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Meftah, Mustapha, Alain Sarkissian, Philippe Keckhut, and Alain Hauchecorne. "The SOLAR-HRS New High-Resolution Solar Spectra for Disk-Integrated, Disk-Center, and Intermediate Cases." Remote Sensing 15, no. 14 (July 15, 2023): 3560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15143560.

Full text
Abstract:
The solar spectrum at the top of the atmosphere contains crucial data for solar physics, astronomy, and geophysics. Accurately determining high-resolution solar reference spectra, whether they are disk-integrated, disk-center, or intermediate cases, represents a new challenge and is of primary importance for all applications where spectral solar radiation needs to be evaluated. These spectra are also essential for interpreting remote sensing measurements that rely on sunlight, such as those obtained by Earth observation satellites or spacecraft exploring other planets. This paper lays a foundation for the implementation of multiple new solar irradiance reference spectra that have high resolution and are representative of solar minimum conditions. We developed the SOLAR high-resolution extraterrestrial reference spectra (SOLAR-HRS disk-integrated spectra) by normalizing high-spectral-resolution solar line data to the absolute irradiance scale of the SOLAR-ISS reference spectrum. The resulting one-of-a-kind SOLAR-HRS disk-integrated spectrum has a spectral resolution varying between 0.001 and 1 nm in the 0.5–4400 nm wavelength range. We also implemented a new high-resolution solar spectrum at the disk-center, covering a range of 650–4400 nm with a spectral resolution of 0.001 to 0.02 nm. We further expanded our analysis by producing several solar spectra for ten different solar view angles ranging from μ = 0.9 to μ = 0.05 (SOLAR-HRS intermediate cases). Finally, we developed new Merged Parallelised Simplified ATLAS spectra (MPS-ATLAS) based on solar modeling with Kurucz and Vald3 solar linelists for both the disk-integrated and disk-center spectra. One of the objectives of implementing all these new solar spectra is to fulfill the requirements of the MicroCarb space mission, which focuses on measuring greenhouse gas emissions. The solar data of this study are openly available.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Bell, Emily, Christopher W. O'Dell, Thomas E. Taylor, Aronne Merrelli, Robert R. Nelson, Matthäus Kiel, Annmarie Eldering, Robert Rosenberg, and Brendan Fisher. "Exploring bias in the OCO-3 snapshot area mapping mode via geometry, surface, and aerosol effects." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 16, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 109–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-109-2023.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. The Atmospheric Carbon Observations from Space (ACOS) retrieval algorithm has been delivering operational column-averaged carbon dioxide dry-air mole fraction (XCO2​​​​​​​) data for the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) missions since 2014. The ACOS Level 2 Full Physics (L2FP) algorithm retrieves a number of parameters, including aerosol and surface properties, in addition to atmospheric CO2. Past analysis has shown that while the ACOS retrieval meets mission precision requirements of 0.1 %–0.5 % in XCO2, residual biases and some sources of error remain unaccounted for (Wunch et al., 2017; Worden et al., 2017; Torres et al., 2019). Forward model and other errors can lead to systematic biases in the retrieved XCO2, which are often correlated with these additional retrieved parameters. The characterization of such biases is particularly essential to urban- and local-scale emissions studies, where it is critical to accurately distinguish source signals relative to background concentrations (Nassar et al., 2017; Kiel et al., 2021). In this study we explore algorithm-induced biases through the use of simulated OCO-3 snapshot area mapping (SAM) mode observations, which offer a unique window into these biases with their wide range of viewing geometries over a given scene. We focus on a small percentage of SAMs in the OCO-3 vEarly product which contains artificially strong across-swath XCO2 biases spanning several parts per million, related to observation geometry. We investigate the causes of swath bias by using the timing and geometry of real OCO-3 SAMs to retrieve XCO2 from custom simulated Level 1b radiance spectra. By building relatively simple scenes and testing a variety of parameters, we find that aerosol is the primary driver of swath bias, with a complex combination of viewing geometry and aerosol optical properties contributing to the strength and pattern of the bias. Finally, we seek to understand successful mitigation of swath bias in the new OCO-3 version 10 data product. Results of this study may be useful in uncovering other remaining sources of XCO2 bias and may help minimize similar retrieval biases for both present missions (GOSAT, GOSAT-2, OCO-2, OCO-3, TanSat) and future missions (e.g., MicroCarb, GeoCarb, GOSAT-GW, CO2M).
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Keller, Lorenzo, Anh Le, Blerim Cici, Hulya Seferoglu, Christina Fragouli, and Athina Markopoulou. "MicroCast." ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review 16, no. 4 (February 4, 2013): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2436196.2436210.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Hu, Yongquan, Hui-Shyong Yeo, Mingyue Yuan, Haoran Fan, Don Samitha Elvitigala, Wen Hu, and Aaron Quigley. "MicroCam." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 7, no. 3 (September 27, 2023): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3610921.

Full text
Abstract:
The primary focus of this research is the discreet and subtle everyday contact interactions between mobile phones and their surrounding surfaces. Such interactions are anticipated to facilitate mobile context awareness, encompassing aspects such as dispensing medication updates, intelligently switching modes (e.g., silent mode), or initiating commands (e.g., deactivating an alarm). We introduce MicroCam, a contact-based sensing system that employs smartphone IMU data to detect the routine state of phone placement and utilizes a built-in microscope camera to capture intricate surface details. In particular, a natural dataset is collected to acquire authentic surface textures in situ for training and testing. Moreover, we optimize the deep neural network component of the algorithm, based on continual learning, to accurately discriminate between object categories (e.g., tables) and material constituents (e.g., wood). Experimental results highlight the superior accuracy, robustness and generalization of the proposed method. Lastly, we conducted a comprehensive discussion centered on our prototype, encompassing topics such as system performance and potential applications and scenarios.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lidozzi, A., L. Solero, and A. Di Napoli. "Ultracapacitors equipped hybrid electric MicroCar." IET Electric Power Applications 4, no. 8 (2010): 618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0096.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MicroCarb"

1

Thierry, Maxime. "Developing and enriching a guidance library for the Earth Observation Satellite MicroCarb." Thesis, KTH, Rymdteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235970.

Full text
Abstract:
My Master Thesis takes place in the context of the MicroCarb mission. The goal of this mission is to identify the sinks and the sources of carbon dioxide on Earth in order to map them and to improve the knowledge of its cycle. To fulfill this mission, some particular guidance modes must be implemented in order to study their feasibility. My thesis consisted in defining and enriching the algorithms used to define the guidance laws, by implementing new tools and a new guidance law, and studying the induced performances in terms of data acquisition and with respect to the constraints related to the satellite. Alongside with this mission, the implementation of those elements support the development of the guidance library POLARIS, actual in its early phase, which is at first only dedicated to MicroCarb but which is intended to become multimissions. First, I describe the CNES as well as the guidance team I worked in. Then, the context of the Master Thesis is introduced. Once the context is established we will focus on the first elements I have been working on, as part of the Dazzling studies. Indeed, the spectrometer used in MicroCarb is very sensitive and has to be maintained at very low temperature. Thus the passive cooling mechanism must be protected from the Sunlight and from the light reflected by the Earth. I had to use a class of the Space mechanics library PATRIUS, called Assembly, in order to materialize the satellite and its numerous parts. Once implemented, I was able to perform some Dazzling Studies, highlighting some issues with the various strategies that were considered, and opening new perspectives. Moreover, a problem was detected on a crucial function of the guidance laws calculator. Once a new function was compiled, I had to made a cross validation using Scilab, and results were positive. This part will end with a Geometric Cape study, realized in order to quantify the influence of the satellite, and the MCV roll, over the Geometric Shifting. In the second part, we will introduce a guidance law which was not implemented initially, and on which I had to work during the last weeks of the thesis: The City mode. Although this mode is similar to an existing calibration mode, it has its own characteristics I had to take into account. The code for this acquisition mode worked well, but the results were not satisfying, considering the Dazzling problem and the kinematic constraints. Thus new strategies had to be considered, and more particularly the 2-scans mode. This mode brought a lot of satisfactions, but there is still more work to be done. This report ends with a general conclusion about my work and some perspectives which could be considered for future studies. I also present my personal contribution and some encountered difficulties I had to deal with.
Examensarbetet fokuserade på rymduppdraget MicroCarb. Målet med detta uppdrag är att identifiera koldioxidsänkor och -källor på jorden för att kartlägga dem och förbättra kunskapen om deras cykler. För att uppfylla detta uppdrag måste vissa specifika styrningsmoder implementeras för att studera uppdragets genomförbarhet. Detta bestod i att definiera och förfina de algoritmer som användes för att definiera siktningslinjer, genom att implementera nya verktyg och en ny styrning samt studera prestandan när det gäller datainsamling och utifrån begränsningar hos satelliten. Detta uppdrag stöder utvecklingen av vägledningsbiblioteket POLARIS, i dess tidiga fas, som i första hand är avsedd för MicroCarb men som också är avsett att användas i flera kommande uppdrag. Arbetet inleds med en beskrivning av CNES, där examensarbetet utfördes, samt den grupp jag arbetade inom. Därefter presenteras motivation och sammanhanget. Sedan inriktas fokus mot de första elementen jag har arbetat med som en del av de bländande studierna. Spektrometern som används i MicroCarb är mycket temperaturkänslig och måste hållas vid mycket låg temperatur. Således måste den passiva kylmekanismen skyddas mot solljus samt från det ljus som reflekteras från jorden. En klass inom rymdmekanikbiblioteket PATRIUS, kallad Assembly, användes för att modellera satelliten och dess många delar. Därefter utfördes preliminära bländande studier, med fokus på några problem med de olika styrningsstrategier som föreslagits, vilket öppnade nya perspektiv. Dessutom upptäcktes ett problem med en avgörande funktion i siktlinjens räknare. När en korrigerad funktion sammanställts, utfördes en korsvalidering med mjukvaran Scilab, och resultaten var positiva. Denna del avslutas med en geometrisk studie för att kvantifiera påverkan av satelliten och instrumentrullningen på den geometriska skiftningen. Den andra fasen i arbetet var implementering av en ny funktionalitet kallad Stadsläget. Även om det här läget liknar ett befintligt kalibreringsläge, har det egna egenskaper som måste tas hänsyn till. Beräkningskoden för detta läge fungerade bra, men resultaten var inte tillfredsställande utifrån bländningsproblemet och kinematiska begränsningar. Därför beaktades nya strategier, i synnerhet ett nytt skanningsläget med två avskanningar. Detta läge gav bättre resultat, men behöver utvecklas ytterligare. Rapporten avslutas med förslag på fortsatt arbete och personliga reflektioner.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Taupin, Quentin. "Level 1 processing algorithms of MicroCarb microsatellite : Performance assessment of ISRF in-flight estimation through new algorithms." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-293979.

Full text
Abstract:
Facing global warming and its dramatic consequences, it is now of the utmost urgency to improve our understanding of the carbon cycle mechanisms through which global climate change unfolds. The MicroCarb mission will allow to accurately monitor CO2 global sources and sinks over the entire surface of the Earth. It is the first space mission of its kind in Europe, and it gained support from the French government during COP21 in Paris in December 2015. MicroCarb's payload includes a passive SWIR (Short-Wave lnfraRed} echelle grating spectrometer that measures the solar flux reflected by the Earth. By observing specific high-resolution narrow band corresponding to CO2 and 02 absorption lines, one can estimate the carbon column integrated volume mixing ratio in the atmosphere with a random error up to 1 ppm (<0.250/o} and a regional bias up to 0.1 ppm (<0.0250/o}. This accuracy is limited by measurement errors, among them the ISRF (Instrument Spectral Response Function) knowledge error. ISRF are characterized through ground measurements but may evolve with mechanical vibrations during launch or thermal conditions changes along the orbit. The MicroCarb instrument design trade-off also induced a sensitivity of ISRF to the non-uniformity of the observed scene on Earth. ISRF are then re-estimated at each scientific measurement using ground characterized ISRF (Multi-reading ISRF processing). A way to mitigate errors of the Multi-Reading algorithm is to re-estimate ground characterized ISRF from flight data. The objective of this thesis is to assess the performance of in-flight estimation of Multi-Reading or ground ISRF through new algorithms. This thesis begins by showing the performances of the Optimal Matching Pursuit algorithm for approximating these ISRF. Indeed, it allows to reduce the data volume that will be used for ground segment processing. In a second part, this thesis evaluates the performances of new algorithms for estimating in-flight ISRF on different simulated data sets. Nevertheless, it is rather difficult to conclude on these performances without real datasets. The last part is devoted to the preparation of a cross-validation test using EM27 and MicroCarb sensors which is supposed to take place in April 2021. Part of this test aims to characterize ground ISRF using uniform illumination as obtained by looking at the sun. In particular, it is shown that the accuracy of this test clearly depends on EM27's spectral resolution which must be at least 0.1 cm-1, to almost reach the expected accuracy on the ISRF estimation.
Med tanke på den globala uppvärmningen och dess dramatiska konsekvenser ar det nu ytterst brådskande att förbättra vår förståelse för koldioxidcykelns mekanismer genom vilka globala klimatförändringar utvecklas. MicroCarb-uppdraget gör det möjligt att noggrant övervaka globala CO2 källor och sänkor över hela jordytan. Det är Europast första rymduppdrag i sitt slag och har fått stöd från den franska regeringen under COP21 i Paris i december 2015. MicroCarb: s nyttolast inkluderar en passiv SWIR (Short-Wave lnfraRed} echelle-gitterspektrometer som mäter solflödet reflekterat av Jorden. Genom att observera specifikt smalt band med en hög upplösning motsvarande CO2- och O2-absorptionslinjer, kan man uppskatta det kolkolonnintegrerade volymblandningsförhållandet i atmosfären med ett slumpmässigtfel upp till 1ppm (<0,25%) och en regional bias upp till 0.1 ppm (<0.025%). Denna noggrannhet begränsas av mätfel, bland dem ISRF (Instrument Spectral Response Function). ISRF kännetecknas av markmätningar men kan utvecklas med mekaniska vibrationer under uppskjutnings- eller termiska förändringar längs banan. Utbytet av MicroCarb-instrumentet inducerade också en känslighet av ISRF på grund av att den observerade scenen på jorden inte var enhetlig. ISRF uppskattas sedan vid varje vetenskaplig mätning med användning av markkarakteriserad ISRF (Multi-reading ISRF-behandling). Ett sätt att mildra fel i Multi-Reading­ algoritmen är att omvärdera mark karakteriserade ISRF från flygdata. Syftet med den här avhandlingen är att utvärdera prestandan för uppskattning under flygning av Multi-Reading eller mark ISRF genom nya algoritmer. Denna uppsats börjar med att visa Optimal Matching Pursuit-algoritmens prestationer i att tillnärma dessa ISRF. Detta tillåter en minskning av datavolymen som kommer att användas för bearbetning av marken. I andra delen utvärderar denna uppsats prestandan för nya algoritmer för att uppskatta ISRF under flygning på olika simulerade datamängder. Ändå är det ganska svårt att dra slutsatser på dessa föreställningar utan riktiga datasatt. Den sista delen ägnas åt beredningen av ett korsvalideringstest med hjälp av EM27- och MicroCarb-sensorer som är tänkt att äga rum i april 2021. En del av dessa test syftar till att karakterisera mark ISRF med enhetlig belysning som erhålls genom att titta på solen. I synnerhet visas det att noggrannheten för detta test helt klart beror på EM27: s spektrala upplösning, som måste vara minst 0,1 cm-1 for att nästan nå den förväntade noggrannheten i ISRF-uppskattningen.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Diouf, Mouhamadou Makhtar Ndiaga. "Etude de la bande d'émission atmosphérique de O2 à 1.27 micromètre pour l'amélioration de sa représentation dans les algorithmes de MicroCarb." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS256.

Full text
Abstract:
Les futures missions spatiales dédiées à la mesure du CO2 à l'échelle globale, comme la mission Microcarb du CNES (2025), peuvent tirer avantageusement parti de la bande de O2 à 1.27 μm pour déterminer la colonne d'air. La bande à 1.27 μm est en effet proche des bandes d'absorption de CO2 à 1.6 et 2.0 μm, ce qui permet un meilleur transfert des propriétés optiques des aérosols par rapport à la bande de O2 à 0.76 μm généralement utilisée. Cependant, la bande à 1.27 μm est polluée par une émission spontanée (ou airglow) de O2 dans son premier état excité a1∆g, qui doit être retirée du signal observé. Cette thèse fait le point sur notre compréhension quantitative de l'airglow de O2(1Δ) à l'aide d'observations satellitaires et d'un modèle photochimique tridimensionnel. Notre démarche s'appuie sur un nouveau modèle de l'airglow, intégré au modèle de chimie-transport REPROBUS. Dans sa version nominale, nous déterminons que le modèle sous-estime l'airglow intégré verticalement de -11.0 ± 2.7 % par rapport aux observations. Ce biais est essentiellement dû à un déficit d'ozone de -20 à -30 % dans la haute stratosphère et la basse mésosphère. Nous démontrons que ce déficit d'ozone est causé par les températures trop élevées (+15 K) des analyses météorologiques utilisées pour piloter le modèle dans la mésosphère. L'utilisation des réanalyses de température ERA5, plus basses et en meilleur accord avec les observations, ralentit les cycles de perte d'ozone catalysés par l'hydrogène ainsi que la perte d'ozone par le mécanisme de Chapman. Cet effet conduit à une élimination quasi totale des déficits d'ozone et d'airglow dans la basse mésosphère. Une fois intégré verticalement pour simuler une mesure au nadir, l'airglow modélisé avec ERA5 affiche un déficit réduit d'un facteur proche de trois, qui s'établit à -4.2 ± 2.8 %. Ce résultat illustre la nécessité de disposer de températures mésosphériques précises pour les estimations a priori de l'airglow de O2(1Δ) dans les algorithmes utilisant la bande à 1.27 μm. Enfin, nous avons construit une table climatologique de l'airglow qui pourra être utilisée par Microcarb. Ne nécessitant pas de coûteuse intégration en temps réel d'un modèle d'airglow, nous montrons que cette climatologie est suffisamment robuste pour fournir une estimation précise de l'airglow, à l'exception des épisodes de réchauffement stratosphérique soudain qui peuvent générer des écarts importants
Future space missions dedicated to measuring CO2 on a global scale, such as CNES Microcarb mission (2025), can advantageously utilise the O2 band at 1.27 μm to determine the air column. The 1.27 μm band is close to the CO2 absorption bands at 1.6 and 2.0 μm, allowing for better transfer of the optical properties of aerosols compared to the traditionally used O2 band at 0.76 μm. However, the 1.27 μm band is contaminated by a spontaneous emission (or airglow) of O2 in its first excited state a¹Δg, which must be removed from the observed signal. This thesis reviews our quantitative understanding of the O2(1Δ) airglow using satellite observations and a three-dimensional photochemical model. Our approach is based on a new airglow model integrated into the REPROBUS chemistry-transport model. In its nominal version, we determine that the model underestimates vertically integrated airglow by -11.0 ± 2.7 % compared to observations. This bias is primarily due to an ozone deficit of -20 to -30 % in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere. We demonstrate that this ozone deficit is caused by the overly high temperatures (+15 K) of the meteorological analyses used to drive the model in the mesosphere. The use of ERA5 temperature reanalyses, which are lower and better aligned with observations, slows down the hydrogen-catalyzed ozone loss cycles as well as ozone loss by the Chapman mechanism. This effect leads to an almost complete elimination of ozone and airglow deficits in the lower mesosphere. Once vertically integrated to simulate a nadir measurement, the airglow modelled with ERA5 shows a reduced deficit by a factor of nearly three, settling at -4.2 ± 2.8 %. This result illustrates the necessity of accurate mesospheric temperatures for a priori estimates of O2(¹Δ) airglow in algorithms using the 1.27 μm band. Finally, we have constructed a climatological table of the airglow that can be used by Microcarb. Not requiring costly real-time integration of an airglow model, we show that this climatology is robust enough to provide an accurate estimation of the airglow, except during sudden stratospheric warming episodes which can cause significant deviations
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Tran, Duc Dung. "Etude du spectre d’absorption de l’oxygène en infrarouge proche et application à la télédétection des gaz à effet de serre dans l’atmosphère." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS354.

Full text
Abstract:
Ce travail de thèse est dédié à l'étude du spectre d’absorption de l'oxygène à 1.27 μm, en soutien à la mission satellitaire MicroCarb. Dans la première partie, les spectres d'absorption des raies d'O2 élargies par air et auto-élargies ont d'abord été simulés. Leur ajustement à l'aide du modèle Nelkin-Ghatak dépendant en vitesse fournit des paramètres de forme de raies d'ordre élevé qui sont cohérents avec des valeurs déterminées expérimentalement. La deuxième partie est consacrée à la détermination des paramètres spectroscopiques de plus de quatre-vingts raies d'O2 élargies par air dans la bande 1.27 μm avec le même profil spectral, l’effet de mélange entre raies est également pris en compte. Des paramètres spectroscopiques obtenus mais aussi des coefficients d'absorption induite par collision (CIA) disponibles dans la littérature pour O2 ont ensuite été évalués en utilisant des spectres atmosphériques. Les résultats montrent une amélioration significative avec nos paramètres de raies, comparés à ceux des bases de données HITRAN et GEISA. Pour la CIA, les données existantes conduisent à des résultats similaires. Enfin, l’influence de l'élargissement des raies d’O2 par la vapeur d'eau dans la région de la bande A, et celle des nouvelles données spectroscopiques de l'oxygène dans la bande à 1.27 μm, sur la restitution des aérosols sont étudiées en utilisant des spectres simulés. Nous montrons que négliger l'élargissement des raies d’O2 par la vapeur d'eau mène à une très faible erreur sur les aérosols restitués. La sensibilité de la détermination des aérosols à la spectroscopie de l'oxygène est également relativement faible pour la bande de 1.27 μm
This work is dedicated to the study of the spectroscopy of oxygen at 1.27 μm, in support of the satellite mission MicroCarb. Firstly, absorption spectra of air- and self-broadened O2 lines were first computed using requantized Classical Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Their fit using the quadratic speed-dependent Nelkin-Ghatak model provides high-order line-shape parameters that are consistent with experimentally determined values. The second part is devoted to the retrieval of the spectroscopic parameters of more than eighty lines of O2 broadened by air in the 1.27 μm band with the same model and the first-order line mixing. Validation of these line parameters, but also the Collision-Induced Absorption (CIA) coefficients available in literature for O2 were then performed and evaluated using the Spectroscopic Parameters And Radiative Transfer Evaluation calculation chain. The line parameters obtained in this thesis lead to much better agreement with measured spectra, compared to those obtained with the widely-used HITRAN and GEISA databases. The existing data of CIA coefficients lead to similar residuals, in rather good agreement with measurements. Finally, the first effects of line broadening by water vapor in the O2 A-band, and of the new oxygen spectroscopy data in the 1.27 μm band, on the retrievals of aerosols are studied using simulated spectra, for the same configurations of GOME-2 and MicroCarb measurements, respectively. The results show that neglecting the line broadening of O2 lines by H2O produces a very small error on the retrieval results using the O2 A-band. The sensitivity of the aerosol retrieval to O2 spectroscopy is relatively low for the 1.27 μm band
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Peroutka, Ondřej. "Verifikace digitálního obvodu Microcore GNSS Baseband." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377086.

Full text
Abstract:
The topic of the master´s thesis is to verify Acquisition Engine and Tracking Engine in the Microcore GNSS Baseband digital circuit from Honeywell. Theoretical part contains a brief introduction into the satellite position determination, basic principles of the verified blocks is given and UVM methodology is introduced. Practical part contains requirements, test cases and test procedures. The verification environment is also described. In the last part of the thesis is the verification process and it´s results.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Melo, Gabriel Augusto Martins de. "Desenvolvimento e morfoanatomia dos frutos de Attalea microcarpa Mart. (Arecaceae - Arecoideae)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2012. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/3623.

Full text
Abstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:12:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gabriel Augusto M Melo.pdf: 2888507 bytes, checksum: a81280a7992909c136067acbaf447ad9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-27
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Palms have a great relevance into Amazon ecosystem, to understand the relationships between palms and environment we describe the morphoanatomical aspects of the development of the fruits of Attalea microcarpa Mart at Private Reserve of Natural Heritage Sítio Bons Amigos, BR-174, ramal DNER, Km 15, Manaus, AM.. The Attalea microcarpa s fruit development takes 280 days, started with spathe and finish with fruit dispersal. The staminate flower has three sepals, three petals, 9-15 stamens and a vestigial gynoecium. The pistillate flower is just like a young fruit, with three petals and three sepals, gynoecium syncarpous with short stylus and trifurcated stigma, superior ovary, tricarpellate, trilocular, containing one egg in each locule. It presents four levels of tissue organization in cross section, these being distinguished by the position of the vascular bundles. The gynoecium reacted to lipid content, mucilages and pectin. The fruit is a fibrous drupe, epicarp simple, tortuous and the cuticle its cover of epicuticular waxes form reddish indumentum. The mesocarp has three distinct layers, first near the epidermis composed of fibrous bundles which differentiate into fibrovascular bundles as the fruit ripens. The second mesocarp layer is completely parenchymatous and have reserved of starch grains and lipids. The layer is composed of many fibrovascular bundles that divides the fleshy mesocarp of the endocarp. The endocarp in young fruit is soft and gelatinous, passing through a process of centrifugal and basipetal hardening. The seed begins to form shortly after fertilization, at 40 days it is possible to visualize the formation of the tegument, which will adhere to the endocarp forming pyren. The endosperm remains in core until about 80 days when it is already possible to see the early formation of the walls and from 140 days its solid. The endosperm reserves are composed primarily of lipid compounds. The characteristics of Attalea microcarpa morphoanatomic associated with the biological aspects of the plant are of important relevance to understanding the taxonomy and plant interactions in the environments in which it occurs, and generate support for further studies on the diversity of the group.
Diante da importância das palmeiras dentro do ecossistema amazônico e da necessidade de compreender as relações destas com o ambiente foi tratado os aspectos morfoanatômicos da formação e do desenvolvimento dos frutos de Attalea microcarpa Mart., O estudo foi realizado em ambientes de baixio e campinarana, na Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Sítio Bons Amigos, BR 174, ramal DNER, Km 15, Manaus, AM. O processo de formação dos frutos de Attalea microcarpa Mart. leva em torno de 280 dias, iniciando-se com o lançamento da espata e terminando com a dispersão do fruto. A flor estaminada possui 3 sépalas, 3 pétalas, 9-15 estames e um gineceu vestigial. A flor pistilada tem a forma de um fruto jovem, com 3 pétalas e 3 sépalas gineceu sincárpico com estilete curto e estigma trifurcado, ovário súpero, tricarpelar, trilocular, contendo um óvulo em cada loja. Apresenta quatro níveis de organização dos tecidos em corte transversal, sendo estes diferenciados pela posição dos feixes vasculares. No gineceu há conteúdo lipídico, mucilagem e compostos pécticos. O fruto é uma drupa fibrosa, com o epicarpo uniestratificado, tortuoso e a cutícula é encoberta de ceras epicuticulares que formam um indumento avermelhado. O mesocarpo apresenta três estratos distintos, um subepidérmico composto por feixes fibrosos a fibrovasculares conforme a maturação do fruto. O segundo estrato é totalmente parenquimático e tem reserva de amido e lipídeos. A terceira camada é composta por feixes fibrovasculares que divide o mesocarpo carnoso do endocarpo. O endocarpo no fruto jovem é macio e de consistência gelatinosa, passando por um processo de endurecimento basípeto e centrífugo. A semente começa a se formar logo após a fecundação, aos 40 dias já é possível visualizar a formação do tegumento, este irá aderir ao endocarpo formando o pireno. O endosperma permanece em estado nuclear até aproximadamente 80 dias e a partir de 140 dias está solidificado. A reserva do endosperma é basicamente compostos lipídicos. As características morfoanatômicas de Attalea microcarpa associada aos aspectos biológicos da planta são úteis para a compreensão da taxonomia e das interações da planta dentro dos ambientes em que ocorre, assim como gera subsídios para novos estudos acerca da diversidade do grupo.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Greaves, Sheila. "The organization of microcore technology in the Canadian southern interior plateau." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30975.

Full text
Abstract:
The purpose of this research is to construct and test a model of the organization of microcore technology, a standardized core technology, within the subsistence-settlement system of prehistoric, semi-sedentary hunter-gatherers. The study of technological organization involves investigation of why a society selects particular tool designs, and how it structures the manufacture, use, maintenance and discard of tools and associated debitage across the landscape. The model tested here associates the use of microcore technology with a design for a maintainable and transportable tool assemblage which conserves lithic material, and with a regional distribution focused on residential camps as the locus of microcore manufacture and microblade production and use. The model is tested through a comparative case study of archaeological tools and debitage from microlithic and non-microlithic sites in two upland valleys in the British Columbia Southern Interior Plateau. Research hypotheses and corresponding test implications are evaluated with data and analyses relating to core reduction and tool production stages, to tool use, and to activity area patterning within the sites. Results of hypothesis testing indicate that the model only partially explains the role of this particular standardized core technology in the study areas. Microcore technology is found to be associated with high residential and logistical mobility; a transportable, expediently-used tool assemblage; and the conservation of a specific raw material in one valley. Thus, this research proposes that microcore technology was a standardized technology which was variable in design goals and distribution, even within the same geographically and ethnographically defined region.
Arts, Faculty of
Anthropology, Department of
Graduate
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Wang, Rong. "The fig wasps associated with Ficus microcarpa, an invasive fig tree." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6918/.

Full text
Abstract:
Fig trees and their pollinating fig wasps represent one of the most species-specific mutualistic systems with a long history of co-evolution. Besides the pollinators, figs are also exploited by numerous non-pollinating fig wasps (NPFW). A few fig trees have become established outside their native ranges, and Ficus microcarpa, a monoecious fig tree, has become widely invasive, due to the widespread introduction of its specific pollinator, Eupristina verticillata. In this thesis, a global study was carried out to unravel the distribution and community structure of fig wasps associated with F. microcarpa. The work also examined which NPFW are potential bio-control agents and whether the plant is invasive due to reduced seed and pollinator predation in its introduced range (the 'enemy release' hypothesis). At least 43 fig wasp species utilize F. microcarpa figs with more than 20 species present in the plant's introduced range. In newly established NPFW populations, a lack of male fig wasps at low population densities can cause Allee-like effects for fig wasps, but inter-specific facilitation is able to mitigate them. Generally, parasitoids were far less diverse than phytophages in the tree's introduced range with significant latitudinal effects on species richness. We unraveled the food web of fig wasps where sycoryctines (Pteromalidae) were parasitoids of agaonids, and eurytomids were parasitoids of epichrysomallines. A large galler species, Meselatus bicolor, is independent of the pollinator and can suppress both male and female reproductive successes of figs via competition for nutrients and preventing pollinators from entering figs. It may be an ideal bio-control agent. Enemy release in the introduced range failed to increase the plant's seed production but benefited the pollinator, and the greater survival of pollinator larvae in more peripheral galls emphasises the role of parasitoids in maintaining the fig-pollinator mutualism in monoecious figs.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Trenz, Cornelius Günter. "Klinische Evaluierung der Validität des nichtinvasiven Kapnometrie-Systems Microcap Plus." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-60085.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Spilleir, Davi de Pinho. "Microcr?dito e economia solid?ria ? Aspectos sustent?veis." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2018. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1191.

Full text
Abstract:
Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2019-03-18T13:10:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DAVI DE PINHO SPILLEIR.pdf: 956619 bytes, checksum: 7de6e670ce16b17d690d6c2f8175b21c (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-18T13:10:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DAVI DE PINHO SPILLEIR.pdf: 956619 bytes, checksum: 7de6e670ce16b17d690d6c2f8175b21c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-12
Solidarity economy is an important way of production that seeks to promote solidarity, integration and synergy among its participants, who are owners and workers at the same time of these enterprises. However, due to several internal and external factors, these enterprises suffer to remain open and economically viable. The most severe and motivating factor of the greatest number of bankruptcies is the difficulty of obtaining credit. Given the relevance that survival has for all people participating in the solidarity economy, the objective of this work is to make a proactive contribution, identifying and validating elements that may be useful to projects of solidarity economy in relation to obtaining credit. For its accomplishment, as a methodology it is developed, starting from a bibliographical research, defined by periodicals and classic books of the themes, oriented by key words like solidarity economy, enterprise and credit, a research that allowed to find relevant elements, for the discussion in question. For the analysis of the identified elements a categorization was established in relation to the view of the actors involved, that is, the institutional vision, with external factors, and the user's view, with internal elements. The two visions eventually culminated in the elaboration of the propositional contribution. In order to validate such elements, it was followed in four different cases. As a result, it was concluded that the present work is useful for all those projects of solidarity economy that may eventually come up against credit problems.
A economia solid?ria ? uma importante maneira de produ??o que visa promover a solidariedade, integra??o e sinergia entre seus participantes, que s?o propriet?rios e trabalhadores ao mesmo tempo destes empreendimentos. Entretanto por diversos fatores tanto internos, como externos estes empreendimentos sofrem para se manterem abertos e economicamente vi?veis. O mais severo e que motiva o maior n?mero de fal?ncias ? a dificuldade de obten??o credit?cia. Tendo em vista a relev?ncia que a sobreviv?ncia tem para todas as pessoas que participam da economia solid?ria, o objetivo deste trabalho ? fazer uma contribui??o propositiva, identificando e validando elementos que possam ser ?teis a empreendimentos de economia solid?ria no que concerne ? obten??o de cr?dito. Para sua realiza??o, como metodologia desenvolve-se, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliogr?fica, definida por peri?dicos e livros cl?ssicos dos temas, orientada por palavras chaves como economia solid?ria, empreendimento e cr?dito, uma pesquisa que permitiu encontrar elementos relevantes, para a discuss?o em quest?o. Para a an?lise dos elementos identificados foi estabelecida uma categoriza??o em rela??o ? vis?o dos atores envolvidos, ou seja, a vis?o institucional, com fatores externos, e a vis?o de usu?rio, com elementos internos. As duas vis?es acabaram por culminar, finalmente, na elabora??o da contribui??o propositiva. A fim de se validar tais elementos, seguiu-se com a sua aplica??o em quatro casos distintos. Como resultado chegou-se a conclus?o de que o presente trabalho se apresenta como ?til para todos aqueles empreendimentos de economia solid?ria que venham eventualmente a se deparar com problemas credit?cios.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "MicroCarb"

1

Marshall, Tony. Microcars. Stroud: Sutton, 1999.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Sparrow, Andrea. Bubblecars & microcars: The colour family album. Godmanstone: Veloce, 1994.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

William, Fox. Social statistics using MicroCase. Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1992.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

William, Fox. Doing statistics using MicroCase: A workbook for Social statistics using MicroCase. 2nd ed. Bellvue, Wash: MicroCase Corp., 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Roy, Michael K. Le. Comparative politics: Using MicroCase ExplorIt. 2nd ed. [Toronto, Ont.]: Wadsworth, 2003.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Roy, Michael K. Le. Comparative politics: Using MicroCase ExplorIt. 3rd ed. Belmont, CA: Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

J, Rosenblatt Alan, ed. International relations: Using MicroCase ExplorIt. Australia: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

LaBranche, Gérard A. Autologic: This invention could save the planet : the real solution for pollution of the planet! Rosemère, Quebec: G.A. Labranche, 2000.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

(Organization), SIRICON, ed. The first microCAD ratings guide. Cambridge, MA: Design & Systems Research, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Corbett, Michael. A MicroCase workbook for social research. 3rd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, 2002.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "MicroCarb"

1

Malan, Daniel. "Microcase." In The Employee and the Post-Pandemic Workplace, 87–88. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003388685-22.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Zicari, Adrián, and Tom Gamble. "Microcase." In The Employee and the Post-Pandemic Workplace, 60. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003388685-16.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Zicari, Adrián, and Tom Gamble. "Microcase." In The Employee and the Post-Pandemic Workplace, 25–26. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003388685-6.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Zicari, Adrián, and Tom Gamble. "Microcase." In The Employee and the Post-Pandemic Workplace, 43. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003388685-11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Lim, T. K. "Citrus x microcarpa." In Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants, 865–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4053-2_99.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Camelina microcarpa Andrz." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 204. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_650.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Böhmer, Martin. "MICROCALC — In Tabellen kalkulieren." In Programmieren mit TURBO BASIC, 195–201. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-13969-0_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Khare, C. P. "Ficus microcarpa Linn. f." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_640.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Nunes, Ernane Nogueira, João Everthon da Silva Ribeiro, Ramon Santos Souza, Rubens Teixeira de Queiroz, Denise Dias da Cruz, and Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena. "Indigofera microcarpa Desv. Fabaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 443–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87251-9_104.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Nunes, Ernane Nogueira, João Everthon Ribeiro da Silva, Ramon Santos Sousa, Rubens Teixeira de Queiroz, Denise Dias da Cruz, and Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena. "Indigofera microcarpa Desv. Fabaceae." In Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47254-2_104-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "MicroCarb"

1

Amann, Stephan, Edoardo Vicentini, Bingxin Xu, Yang He, Theodor W. Hänsch, Qiang Lin, Kerry Vahala, and Nathalie Picqué. "Microcomb-Based Digital Holography." In CLEO: Science and Innovations, SF2F.4. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.sf2f.4.

Full text
Abstract:
Lensless three-dimensional hyperspectral imaging is performed with a Kerr comb of 100 GHz line spacing. Broad microcombs will enable an unprecedented combination of long axial range, high precision and fast acquisition rate.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Song, Yuhang, Yifu Xu, Yixuan Zheng, Yunping Bai, Mengxi Tan, Kun Xu, David J. Moss, and Xingyuan Xu. "Microcomb-based Transversal Microwave Photonic Applications." In 2024 Photonics & Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS), 1–4. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers62282.2024.10618191.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Ling, Jingwei, Zhengdong Gao, Shixin Xue, Qili Hu, Mingxiao Li, Kaibo Zhang, Usman Javid, Raymond Lopez-Rios, Jeremy Staffa, and Qiang Lin. "On-chip InP/LiNbO3 microcomb laser." In CLEO: Science and Innovations, SW3O.5. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.sw3o.5.

Full text
Abstract:
We report a chip-scale InP/LiNbO3 laser that directly emits mode-locked microcomb on demand, with spectral bandwidth ∼50 nm, individual comb linewidth ∼600 Hz, frequency tuning rate > 2.4 × 1017 Hz/s, and 100% utilization of optical power for comb generation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Gao, Zhengdong, Jingwei Ling, Shixin Xue, Qili Hu, Kaibo Zhang, Usman Javid, Raymond Lopez-Rios, Jeremy Staffa, and Qiang Lin. "Harmonic mode locked InP/LiNbO3 microcomb laser." In CLEO: Science and Innovations, SM4G.2. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.sm4g.2.

Full text
Abstract:
We demonstrate a chip-scale InP/LiNbO3 mode-locked microcomb laser. This device demonstrates programmable mode-locking capabilities at various higher harmonics of the laser cavity’s free spectral range.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Vallée, Jean-Michel, and Wei Shi. "Time-domain analysis of a reflective Kerr microcomb." In Bragg Gratings, Photosensitivity, and Poling in Glass Waveguides, JTu1A.23. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bgpp.2024.jtu1a.23.

Full text
Abstract:
We introduce a structure based on a reflective nonlinear microring for micro-comb generation. By leveraging finite difference time-domain methods in our simulations, we offer a novel approach to microcomb development.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Mazoukh, Celine, Luigi Di Lauro, Imtiaz Alamgir, Nicolas Perron, Bennet Fischer, Aadhi A. Rahim, Armaghan Eshaghi, et al. "Genetic Algorithm-Enabled Microcomb Tailoring in Microring Resonators." In CLEO: Fundamental Science, FTh4F.1. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_fs.2024.fth4f.1.

Full text
Abstract:
We present a novel approach to robustly tailor microcomb states in microring resonators pumped with a continuous-wave laser source, employing genetic algorithms to optimize the parameters required for coherent state generation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Shitikov, A. E., N. S. Tatarinova, A. N. Danilin, N. Yu Dmitriev, D. M. Sokol, A. K. Vorobyev, V. E. Lobanov, A. V. Masalov, I. A. Bilenko, and D. A. Chermoshentsev. "Dual-laser self-injection locking microcomb regime switching." In 2024 International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO), 265. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iclo59702.2024.10624002.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Mazoukh, Celine, Luigi Di Lauro, Imtiaz Alamgir, Bennet Fischer, Nicolas Perron, A. Aadhi, Armaghan Eshaghi, et al. "Coherent Generation of Ultra-Stable Smart Frequency Combs." In Nonlinear Photonics, NpTh1E.2. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/np.2024.npth1e.2.

Full text
Abstract:
We present a novel smart method to customize microcomb state generation in microring resonators pumped with a continuous-wave laser, using genetic algorithms to identify optimal experimental parameters for coherent state generation.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Wu, Kaiyi, Nathan P. O’Malley, Saleha Fatema, Cong Wang, Marcello Girardi, Mohammed S. Alshaykh, Daniel E. Leaird, Minghao Qi, Victor Torres-Company, and Andrew M. Weiner. "Vernier Microcombs for Optical Frequency Division." In CLEO: Science and Innovations, SF1Q.2. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.sf1q.2.

Full text
Abstract:
We demonstrate microcomb-based frequency division from a narrow-linewidth 871nm laser to a radio-frequency clock output. We introduce a noise suppression scheme to mitigate the fiber interferometric noise experienced by the system.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Lei, Fuchuan, Yi Sun, Óskar B. Helgason, Zhichao Ye, Yan Gao, Magnus Karlsson, Peter A. Andrekson, and Victor Torres-Company. "Narrow-linewidth and tunable parametric oscillator." In CLEO: Science and Innovations, STh3I.3. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.sth3i.3.

Full text
Abstract:
We present a tunable coherent oscillator based on parametric gain. It is realized through self-injection locking one comb line of a Kerr microcomb. Sub-Hertz intrinsic linewidth and 20nm tuning range are achieved.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "MicroCarb"

1

Furey, Heather, Andree L. Ramsey, and Amy S. Bower,. Bight Fracture Zone Experiment: Moored Instrument Data Report, July 2015 - July 2017. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/69315.

Full text
Abstract:
This document describes the steps used for the initial processing of the Bight Fracture Zone mooring data, collected between July 2015 – July 2017. The data were collected using SBE MicroCATs and Nobska MAVS- 4 Acoustic Current Meters. The initial processing for both the MicroCAT and MAVS-4 consisted of removing data collected while out of water, replacing data outliers with NaNs, and correcting drifts in the data. In addition, the MAVS-4 data were transformed from instrument coordinates to earth coordinates and magnetic declination was correction was applied.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Kim, G. NA241 Microcal Project Mid-year Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1861963.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Dalton, A. C. Modeling the Arm II core in MicroCap IV. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/575536.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Bullard, Jeffrey. MicroChar: An Application for Quantitative Analysis of Cement and Clinker Microstructure Images. National Institute of Standards and Technology, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1876.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Velipasalar, Senem, Pramod Varshney, Edward Bogucz, Can Isik, Chetna Chianese, Tarek Rakha, Mike Piacentino, David Zhang, Jun Hu, and Sek Chai. Final Scientific/Technical Report - Microcam: A Low Power and Privacy Preserving Multi-modal Platform for Occupancy Detection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1886308.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Green, J. B., J. Y. Shay, J. W. Reynolds, J. A. Green, L. L. Young, and M. E. White. Microcarbon residue yield and heteroatom partitioning between volatiles and solids for whole vacuum resids and their liquid chromatographic fractions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10120661.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Ternan, M., and J. F. Kriz. +525°C pitch content versus microcarbon residue: a correlation for characterizing reaction products obtained by hydrocracking bitumens, heavy oils, and petroleum residua. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304439.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'MicroCarb' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography