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Academic literature on the topic 'Microbial inoculants'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Microbial inoculants"

1

Shen, Minchong, Jiangang Li, Yuanhua Dong, Zhengkun Zhang, Yu Zhao, Qiyun Li, Keke Dang, Junwei Peng, and Hong Liu. "The Effects of Microbial Inoculants on Bacterial Communities of the Rhizosphere Soil of Maize." Agriculture 11, no. 5 (April 25, 2021): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050389.

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The bacterial community of rhizosphere soil maintains soil properties, regulates the microbiome, improves productivity, and sustains agriculture. However, the structure and function of bacterial communities have been interrupted or destroyed by unreasonable agricultural practices, especially the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. Microbial inoculants, regarded as harmless, effective, and environmentally friendly amendments, are receiving more attention. Herein, the effects of three microbial inoculants, inoculant M and two commercial inoculants (A and S), on bacterial communities of maize rhizosphere soil under three nitrogen application rates were compared. Bacterial communities treated with the inoculants were different from those of the non-inoculant control. The OTU (operational taxonomic unit) numbers and alpha diversity indices were decreased by three inoculants, except for the application of inoculant M in CF group. Beta diversity showed the different structures of bacterial communities changed by three inoculants compared with control. Furthermore, key phylotypes analyses exhibited the differences of biomarkers between different treatments visually. Overall, inoculant M had shared and unique abilities of regulating bacterial communities compared with the other two inoculants by increasing potentially beneficial bacteria and decreasing the negative. This work provides a theoretical basis for the application of microbial inoculants in sustainable agriculture.

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Li, Chong, Zhaohui Jia, Shilin Ma, Xin Liu, Jinchi Zhang, and Christoph Müller. "Plant and Native Microorganisms Amplify the Positive Effects of Microbial Inoculant." Microorganisms 11, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030570.

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Microbial inoculants can be used to restore abandoned mines because of their positive effects on plant growth and soil nutrients. Currently, soils in greenhouse pot studies are routinely sterilized to eradicate microorganisms, allowing for better inoculant colonization. Large-scale field sterilization of abandoned mining site soils for restoration is difficult, though. In addition, microbial inoculants have an impact on plants. Plants also have an impact on local microbes. The interactions among microbial inoculants, native microorganisms, and plants, however, have not been studied. We created a pot experiment utilizing the soil and microbial inoculant from a previous experiment because it promoted plant growth in that experiment. To evaluate the effects of the plants, native microorganisms, and microbial inoculants, we assessed several indicators related to soil elemental cycling and integrated them into the soil multifunctionality index. The addition of the microbial inoculant and sterilizing treatment had a significant impact on alfalfa growth. When exposed to microbial inoculant treatments, the plant and sterilization treatments displayed radically different functional characteristics, where most of the unsterilized plant treatment indices were higher than those of the others. The addition of microbial inoculant significantly increased soil multifunctionality in plant treatments, particularly in the unsterilized plant treatment, where the increase in soil multifunctionality was 260%. The effect size result shows that the positive effect of microbial inoculant on soil multifunctionality and unsterilized plant treatment had the most significant promotion effect. Plant and native microorganisms amplify the positive effects of microbial inoculant.

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Liu, Yi-Ming, Fang Zheng, Zhao-Hui Liu, Hai-Bo Lan, Ye-Hong Cui, Tong-Guo Gao, Marja Roitto, and Ai-Fang Wang. "Enhanced Root and Stem Growth and Physiological Changes in Pinus bungeana Zucc. Seedlings by Microbial Inoculant Application." Forests 13, no. 11 (November 4, 2022): 1836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111836.

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Background and Objectives: As an extensively used tree species in landscaping and afforestation in China, lacebark pine (Pinus bungeana Zucc.) seedlings are in high demand. However, the small number of fine roots and the low growth rate of lacebark pine seedlings increase the risks encountered during transplant and extend the nursery time for outplanting. We aimed to find out whether a microbial inoculant would promote root growth and accordingly, shorten the nursery cultivation time. Materials and Methods: One-year-old lacebark pine seedlings were treated with the inoculant Bacillus subtilis 8–32 six times from June to September. At each application time, five treatments of undiluted microbial inoculants (UM), 30 times diluted microbial inoculants (30 DM), 40 times diluted microbial inoculants (40 DM), 50 times diluted microbial inoculants (50 DM), and distilled water as a control (CTRL) were administered to the seedlings. In the end, all the seedlings were harvested to measure the root growth, aboveground growth, and the physiological indices. Results: Root and stem growth was enhanced by the inoculants in terms of the increased number of root tips, the length and surface area of the roots, the biomass of the roots and stems, as well as the increase in height and basal stem diameter. The chlorophyll a/b of the needles was increased, in spite of the fact that the total chlorophyll content was decreased by the microbial inoculant treatments at the end of the growth phase. Meanwhile, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of the needles was increased by the inoculant treatments. The soluble sugar content was additionally translocated into the stems in the UM treatment, suggesting the change in carbon allocation. The content of available potassium, phosphorus, and ammonium nitrogen in the potting soil was increased in the 30 DM group, and the content of soil organic matter was increased in all the inoculant treatments. Conclusions: The microbial inoculant Bacillus subtilis 8–32, in appropriate concentrations, could be applied to promote root and shoot growth and improve the seedling quality of the lacebark pine during cultivation.

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Broschat, Timothy K., and Monica L. Elliott. "Effects of Fertilization and Microbial Inoculants Applied at Transplanting on the Growth of Mexican Fan Palm and Queen Palm." HortTechnology 19, no. 2 (January 2009): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.19.2.324.

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Container-grown mexican fan palm (Washingtonia robusta) and queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana) transplanted into a field nursery having phosphorus (P)-sufficient and P-deficient soils were treated at the time of planting with four commercial microbial inoculants (each containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, alone or with other microbial components or fertilizers), two fertilizers, or nothing (control). All but the control palms received applications of an 8N–0.9P–10K palm fertilizer every 3 months for 2 years. None of the treatments improved growth over the control in the P-deficient soil. In the P-sufficient soil, none of the microbial inoculants improved growth over that of similarly fertilized noninoculated palms. Discrepancies were observed regarding nonmycorrhizal fungi and bacteria present in the microbial inoculant products. The type and quantity of these microbes listed on the labels of the microbial inoculant products did not necessarily match the type and quantity actually detected in the products.

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Calvo, Pamela, Dexter B. Watts, Joseph W. Kloepper, and H. Allen Torbert. "The influence of microbial-based inoculants on N2O emissions from soil planted with corn (Zea maysL.) under greenhouse conditions with different nitrogen fertilizer regimens." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 62, no. 12 (December 2016): 1041–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2016-0122.

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are increasing at an unprecedented rate owing to the increased use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers. Thus, new innovative management tools are needed to reduce emissions. One potential approach is the use of microbial inoculants in agricultural production. In a previous incubation study, we observed reductions in N2O emissions when microbial-based inoculants were added to soil (no plants present) with N fertilizers under laboratory incubations. This present study evaluated the effects of microbial-based inoculants on N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions when applied to soil planted with corn (Zea mays L.) under controlled greenhouse conditions. Inoculant treatments consisted of (i) SoilBuilder (SB), (ii) a metabolite extract of SoilBuilder (SBF), and (iii) a mixture of 4 strains of plant-growth-promoting Bacillus spp. (BM). Experiments included an unfertilized control and 3 N fertilizers: urea, urea – ammonium nitrate with 32% N (UAN-32), and calcium – ammonium nitrate with 17% N (CAN-17). Cumulative N2O fluxes from pots 41 days after planting showed significant reductions in N2O of 15% (SB), 41% (BM), and 28% (SBF) with CAN-17 fertilizer. When UAN-32 was used, reductions of 34% (SB), 35% (SBF), and 49% (BM) were obtained. However, no reductions in N2O emissions occurred with urea. Microbial-based inoculants did not affect total CO2emissions from any of the fertilized treatments or the unfertilized control. N uptake was increased by an average of 56% with microbial inoculants compared with the control (nonmicrobial-based treatments). Significant increases in plant height, SPAD chlorophyll readings, and fresh and dry shoot mass were also observed when the microbial-based treatments were applied (with and without N). Overall, results demonstrate that microbial inoculants can reduce N2O emissions following fertilizer application depending on the N fertilizer type used and can enhance N uptake and plant growth. Future studies are planned to evaluate the effectiveness of these microbial inoculants in field-based trials and determine the mechanisms involved in N2O reduction.

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Prischmann-Voldseth, Deirdre A., Tülin Özsisli, Laura Aldrich-Wolfe, Kirk Anderson, and Marion O. Harris. "Microbial Inoculants Differentially Influence Plant Growth and Biomass Allocation in Wheat Attacked by Gall-Inducing Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)." Environmental Entomology 49, no. 5 (August 29, 2020): 1214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa102.

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Abstract Beneficial root microbes may mitigate negative effects of crop pests by enhancing plant tolerance or resistance. We used a greenhouse experiment to investigate impacts of commercially available microbial root inoculants on growth and biomass allocation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. [Cyperales: Poaceae]) and on survival and growth of the gall-inducing wheat pest Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say). A factorial design was used, with two near-isogenic wheat lines (one susceptible to Hessian fly, the other resistant), two levels of insect infestation (present, absent), and four inoculants containing: 1) Azospirillum brasilense Tarrand et al. (Rhodospirillales: Azospirillaceae), a plant growth-promoting bacterium, 2) Rhizophagus intraradices (N.C. Schenck & G.S. Sm.) (Glomerales: Glomeraceae), an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, 3) A. brasilense + R. intraradices, and 4) control, no inoculant. Larval feeding stunted susceptible wheat shoots and roots. Plants had heavier roots and allocated a greater proportion of biomass to roots when plants received the inoculant with R. intraradices, regardless of wheat genotype or insect infestation. Plants receiving the inoculant containing A. brasilense (alone or with R. intraradices) had comparable numbers of tillers between infested and noninsect-infested plants and, if plants were susceptible, a greater proportion of aboveground biomass was allocated to tillers. However, inoculants did not impact density or performance of Hessian fly immatures or metrics associated with adult fitness. Larvae survived and grew normally on susceptible plants and mortality was 100% on resistant plants irrespective of inoculants. This initial study suggests that by influencing plant biomass allocation, microbial inoculants may offset negative impacts of Hessian flies, with inoculant identity impacting whether tolerance is related to root or tiller growth.

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Ma, Hua, Vyacheslav Shurigin, Dilfuza Jabborova, Jeane Aril dela Cruz, Thomas Edison dela Cruz, Stephan Wirth, Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura, and Dilfuza Egamberdieva. "The Integrated Effect of Microbial Inoculants and Biochar Types on Soil Biological Properties, and Plant Growth of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)." Plants 11, no. 3 (February 3, 2022): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030423.

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Numerous reports confirm the positive effect of biochar application on soil properties and plant development. However, the interaction between root-associated beneficial microbes and different types of biochar is not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the plant growth of lettuce after the application of three types of biochar in loamy, sandy soil individually and in combination with plant-beneficial microbes. Furthermore, total microbial activity in rhizosphere soil of lettuce was measured by means of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolase and enzyme activities linked to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling. We used three types of biochar: (i) pyrolysis char from cherry wood (CWBC), (ii) pyrolysis char from wood (WBC), and (iii) pyrolysis char from maize (MBC) at 2% concentration. Our results showed that pyrolysis biochars positively affected plant interaction with microbial inoculants. Plant dry biomass grown on soil amended with MBC in combination with Klebsiella sp. BS13 and Klebsiella sp. BS13 + Talaromyces purpureogenus BS16aPP inoculants was significantly increased by 5.8% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control plants. Comprehensively, interaction analysis showed that the biochar effect on soil enzyme activities involved in N and P cycling depends on the type of microbial inoculant. Microbial strains exhibited plant growth-promoting traits, including the production of indole 3-acetic-acid and hydrogen cyanide and phosphate-solubilizing ability. The effect of microbial inoculant also depends on the biochar type. In summary, these findings provide new insights into the understanding of the interactions between biochar and microbial inoculants, which may affect lettuce growth and development.

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Raja, P., and V. P. Santhi. "Comparative study of microbial inoculants of cultivated and virgin soils of Nilgiri Biosphere for plant growth promotion." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 17, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/17.2/293-298.

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In virgin soils, microorganisms and plants live in harmony and both are dependent on each other for their livelihood. Absence of cultivation practices, undisturbed soil condition, high organic matter condition and other favourable conditions enables to flourish beneficial microbes. The research work was started to identify beneficial microbes from undisturbed virgin soils of Nilgiri biosphere with the ability to grow under low pH and under low temeperature conditions. Bio-inoculants viz., Azospirillum, Phosphobacteria, Azotobacter, Rhizobium and pseudomonas were obtained from cultivated and virgin soil samples of Nilgiris biosphere. When compared with type cultures, virgin soil isolates of respective inoculants have recorded better results in promoting plant dry weight in paper towel method. In cross streak assay, selected isolates found to be compatible with each other. In lignite carrier base formulation, the inoculants have reached a maximum population level of 107 and phosphobacteria reached 108 level. The population remained steady at this level up to 3 months. In the field trial studies conducted, the treatment of Azospirillum + Azotobacter + Phosphobacteria + Pseudomonas + 75% RDF has recorded maximum population of all the inoculants at 45th day after sowing. However, the maximum yield was observed in 100% RDF and bio-inoculant consortium applied treatment. This was closely followed by 75% RDF and bio-inoculant consortium applied plots. The results of the field trial have shown that bio-inoculant consortium along with 75% RDF application will lead to maximum yield with 25% saving in chemical fertilizer application.

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Sharma, A. K., and P. N. Bhattacharyya. "Effect of Beneficial Microorganisms on Cowpea Productivity and Soil Health." Journal of Advance Research in Pharmacy & Biological Science (ISSN: 2208-2360) 2, no. 5 (May 31, 2016): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnpbs.v2i5.702.

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Soil microorganisms are the most abundant biota in soil, responsible for a number of abilities such as nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition, maintenance of soil fertility and restoration and plant health and sustainability in ecosystem functioning. Beneficial microbial inoculants such as actinomycetes, diazotrophic bacteria, mycorrhizal helper bacteria (MHB), mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobia etc. are known to promote plant growth. Microorganisms are also antagonistic to plant pests, parasites or diseases. Many of the beneficial microbials are naturally present in soil, although in certain cases, it may be advised to increase their populations and activity either through direct inoculation or by applying agricultural management techniques. In cognizance with the above, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of microbial inoculants on overall productivity of cowpea and soil health. Results revealed that the application of Rhizobium sp. as seed treatment increased the productivity of cowpea (up to 15%) at various stages of plant growth parameters like plant dry weight, no. of fresh leaves and branches, pods, overall leaf moisture and root length as compared to control. Total microbial population numbers, available K and phosphorus (P) in soil were also increased significantly after the soil was treated with this microbial inoculant indicating the role of beneficial microbial in improving the plant nutrient status and soil health.

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Adesemoye, A. O., H. A. Torbert, and J. W. Kloepper. "Enhanced plant nutrient use efficiency with PGPR and AMF in an integrated nutrient management system." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 54, no. 10 (October 2008): 876–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w08-081.

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A 3 year field study was conducted with field corn from 2005 to 2007 to test the hypothesis that microbial inoculants that increase plant growth and yield can enhance nutrient uptake, and thereby remove more nutrients, especially N, P, and K from the field as part of an integrated nutrient management system. The field trial evaluated microbial inoculants, which include a commercially available plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF), and their combination across 2 tillage systems (no-till and conventional till) and 2 fertilization regimes (poultry litter and ammonium nitrate). Data were collected on plant height, yield (dry mass of ears and silage), and nutrient content of corn grain and silage. In addition, nutrient content of soil was determined, and bioavailability of soil nutrient was measured with plant root simulator probes. Results showed that inoculants promoted plant growth and yield. For example, grain yields (kg·ha–1) in 2007 for inoculants were 7717 for AMF, 7260 for PGPR+AMF, 7313 for PGPR, 5725 for the control group, and for fertilizer were 7470 for poultry litter and 6537 for NH4NO3. Nitrogen content per gram of grain tissues was significantly enhanced in 2006 by inoculant, fertilizer, and their interactions. Significantly higher amounts of N, P, and K were removed from the plots with inoculants, based on total nutrient content of grain per plot. These results supported the overall hypothesis and indicate that application of inoculants can lead to reduction in the build up of N, P, and K in agricultural soils. Further studies should be conducted to combine microbial inoculants with reduced rates of fertilizer.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microbial inoculants"

1

Carter, Jonathan Philip. "Population biology of Trichoderma spp. used as inoculants." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329046.

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Cepeda, Maria Veronica. "Effects of Microbial Inoculants on Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promotion." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345239027.

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Rogers, Stephen Lloyd. "The effect of phototrophic microbial inoculants on soil aggregate stability and soil fertility." Thesis, University of Kent, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305060.

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Meikle, Audrey. "Luminescence based monitoring of genetically modified microbial inoculants in the soil." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU065698.

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A luminescence based marker system was developed for detection of genetically modified Pseudomonas fluorescens and E. coli. During batch growth in liquid culture, luminescence measured by luminometry was directly proportional to biomass concentration and enabled detection of 104 - 106 cells ml-1 of P. fluorescens and 101 cells ml-1 of E. coli, in actively growing cultures. Following inoculation into soil, detection levels were reduced ten-fold. After the subsequent utilisation of available nutrients, activity and luminescence decreased and luminometry then provided a direct, non-extractive means of measuring population activity of lux-marked inocula. Potential luminescence, measured as luminescence following amendment with nutrients, enabled assessment of the rate of reactivation of the lux-marked inocula and quantification of the size of the activatable population. Both these techniques, and traditional techniques, were used to investigate the survival of P. fluorescens and E. coli in soil microcosms. The effect of matric potential and indigenous organisms on luminescence and on survival of P. fluorescens was assessed. Matric potential significantly decreased the activity of both introduced and indigenous populations, but the indigenous population also significantly decreased the activity and biomass concentration of the introduced P. fluorescens population. Use of luminometry as a non-extractive measure of biomass concentration provided qualitative correlation with viable cell concentration, suggesting its potential for rapid enumeration of marked inocula. Reactivation of cells at increased matric stress was decreased, but use of high substrate:cell ratios at -30 kPa produced higher levels of luminescence and may, therefore, improve the use of luminometry as an estimate of biomass.

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Levesley, Mark Howard. "Potential applications of Agrobacterium virulence gene promoters in plant-protecting microbial inoculants." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5508/.

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The concept behind this project was to continue the development of strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that were capable of producing pesticidal proteins in response to plant wounding, thereby killing the invading organism. To this end, vir induction was studied in A. tumefaciens and a protocol to elicit the maximum response was developed. In order for this concept to work, it was necessary to determine whether vir induction was occurring at plant wound sites and a method for showing this was developed, the results suggesting that indeed vir induction did occur. The stability of two types of plasmid was also analysed in this bacterium to ascertain how stable the proposed 'microbial inoculant' would be in the field. The results suggested that IncW plasmids should not be used in the final product. The activities of two chitinases from Serratia marcescens were analysed and it was found that both chitinases were effective in controlling some types of fungus. In addition it was found that the expression of chiB in Escherichia coli led to the appearance of a filamentous phenotype at intermediate temperatures. A construct was made that linked the virE promoter to the chiB gene. This plasmid was introduced into A. tumefaciens but did not function as expected. However, other constructs were demonstrated to be inducible although they were only partially successful in controlling the fungi that the strains were assayed against. The Bacillus thuringiensis 5-endotoxin gene, crylA(c), was cloned and various constructs were made to examine the effects of various regions of the native promoter. One constract was made that linked the virB promoter to crylA(c) and this was introduced into A. tumefaciens. The resulting strain was capable of inducible δ-endotoxin expression and was also capable of controlling the larvae of the tobacco homworm, Manduca sexta.

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Bradácová, Klára [Verfasser], and Günter [Akademischer Betreuer] Neumann. "Microbial consortia as inoculants for improvedcrop performance / Klára Bradácová ; Betreuer: Günter Neumann." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1214709761/34.

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Kantachote, Duangporn. "The use of microbial inoculants to enhance DDT degradation in contaminated soil." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk165.pdf.

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Cadena, Cepeda Marleny Kloepper Joseph. "Assessing soil microbial populations and activity following the use of microbial inoculants effect on disease suppressiveness and soil health /." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Theses/CADENA_MARLENY_3.pdf.

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Gillis, Donald Patriq Bruce Gillis. "Assessment of a novel delivery system for microbial inoculants and the novel microbe Mitsuaria spp. H24L5A." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461312230.

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Nelson, Jason Scott. "Organic and inorganic fertilization with and without microbial inoculants in peat-based substrate and hydroponic crop production." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15574.

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Master of Science
Department of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources
Kimberly A. Williams
Liquid organic fertilizers and microbial inoculants of beneficial microorganisms are garnering interest from commercial greenhouse growers who seek to produce crops more sustainably, but research about their efficacy is limited and results are conflicting. This research focused on comparing the effect of microbial inoculant addition in two soilless crop production systems under organic versus conventional fertilization. Two experiments were conducted with impatiens (Impatiens walleriana) in a peat-based substrate and four experiments were conducted with butterhead lettuce (Latuca sativa) in nutrient film technique (NFT) hydroponics. In the impatiens studies, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were incorporated pre-plant equally across treatments using OsmocoteTM, or organic fertilizers Bloodmeal or Feathermeal. An inorganic constant liquid feed (CLF) was also evaluated. Microbial inoculants that contained a variety of beneficial species, including Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma spp. were drench-applied at the beginning of the cropping cycle. Impatiens growth was comparable between the nutrient regimens in one of the studies. CO2 respiration was measured on substrate samples. At a 5X application rate, inoculants contributed to subtle increases in plant growth in organic treatments, but microbial activity was unaffected as measured by CO2 respiration. However, organic nutrient sources contributed to higher CO2 respiration at day 7 of the production cycle compared to inorganic nutrient sources. The hydroponic trials consisted of inorganic and organic nutrient regimens, evaluated with and without microbial inoculant addition. Nutrient analyses and CO2 respiration of the nutrient solutions were collected. Use of inoculants resulted in increased plant growth when used in organic nutrient regimens in some trials. Plant dry weight and CO2 respiration in the inorganic nutrient regimens were increased in certain instances with inoculant addition. No differences in mycorrhizal root colonization were observed in either nutrient regimen with mycorrhizal inoculant addition. Petiole NO3-N concentration of lettuce plants grown with inorganic nutrient sources was greater than that of plants in organic regimens. Organic fertilizers and inoculant products resulted in comparable or positive impacts on plant growth and food crop quality in some treatment scenarios in these studies. The specific circumstances of crop production systems dictate whether plant growth response may occur from inoculant incorporation.

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Books on the topic "Microbial inoculants"

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Singh, Dhananjaya Pratap, Harikesh Bahadur Singh, and Ratna Prabha, eds. Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2644-4.

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Singh, Dhananjaya Pratap, Harikesh Bahadur Singh, and Ratna Prabha, eds. Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2647-5.

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Abud, Yazmín Carreón. Hongos micorrízicos arbusculares: Conservación y bioinoculantes. Morelia, Michoacán, México: SEP, Secretaría de Educación Pública, Estados Unidos Mexicanos, 2013.

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Brown, Michael R. W. 1931- and Gilbert Peter, eds. Microbiological quality assurance: A guide towards relevance and reproducibility of inocula. Boca Raton, Fl: CRC Press, 1995.

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5

Multipurpose trees and shrubs: Sources of seeds and inoculants. Nairobi, Kenya: International Council for Research in Agroforestry, 1991.

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R, Kindt, Von Carlowitz P, and International Centre for Research in Agroforestry., eds. Tree seed suppliers directory: Sources of seeds and microsymbionts. Nairobi, Kenya: International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, 1997.

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Bacterial-fungal interactions highlighted using microbiomics: Potential application for plant growth enhancement. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005.

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Major, David William. A survey of microbial inoculants for bioremediation and identification of information requirements suitable for the feasibility evaluation and validation of bioremediation. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1992.

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Kumar, Ajay, Vijay Kumar Sharma, Vipin Kumar Singh, Shobhika Parmar, and Michel R. Zambrano Passarini. Microbial Inoculants: Recent Progress and Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2022.

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Microbial Inoculants: Recent Progress and Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microbial inoculants"

1

Siddiqui, Zaki A., and Ryota Kataoka. "Mycorrhizal Inoculants: Progress in Inoculant Production Technology." In Microbes and Microbial Technology, 489–506. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7931-5_18.

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Trivedi, Shubha, Mukesh Srivastava, Sonika Pandey, and Sanat Kumar Dwibedi. "Bio-Inoculants." In Microbial Based Land Restoration Handbook, Volume 2, 273–88. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003147077-13.

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Suyal, Deep Chandra, Ravindra Soni, Santosh Sai, and Reeta Goel. "Microbial Inoculants as Biofertilizer." In Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, 311–18. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2647-5_18.

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Pathak, D. V., and Mukesh Kumar. "Microbial Inoculants as Biofertilizers and Biopesticides." In Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, 197–209. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2647-5_11.

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Patil, C. R., and A. R. Alagawadi. "Microbial Inoculants for Sustainable Legume Production." In Microbes for Legume Improvement, 515–36. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99753-6_21.

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Singh, Dhananjaya Pratap, Ratna Prabha, and Vijai Kumar Gupta. "Microbial Inoculants for Sustainable Crop Management." In Microbial Interventions in Agriculture and Environment, 1–35. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8383-0_1.

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Mehta, C. M., Byiringiro Emmanuel, Amit Kesarwani, Kanak Sirari, and Anil K. Sharma. "Nutrient Management Strategies Based on Microbial Functions." In Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, 143–63. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2644-4_10.

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Sathya, Arumugam, Rajendran Vijayabharathi, and Subramaniam Gopalakrishnan. "Soil Microbes: The Invisible Managers of Soil Fertility." In Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, 1–16. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2644-4_1.

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Kaur, Chandandeep, G. Selvakumar, and A. N. Ganeshamurthy. "Organic Acids in the Rhizosphere: Their Role in Phosphate Dissolution." In Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, 165–77. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2644-4_11.

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Sahu, P. K., and G. P. Brahmaprakash. "Formulations of Biofertilizers – Approaches and Advances." In Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity, 179–98. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2644-4_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microbial inoculants"

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Cheverdin, A. Y., and Y. I. Cheverdin. "The influence of microbial preparations on the dynamics of growth of the vegetative mass of winter wheat." In Agrobiotechnology-2021. Publishing house of RGAU - MSHA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1855-3-2021-60.

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Studies were conducted to study the effectiveness of associative strains in winter wheat crops. A positive effect on the increase in the height and biomass of plants under the influence of inoculants was established. A more significant effect is observed on the natural background of mineral nutrition.

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Jin-Chao, Wu, Huang Guang-Rong, Yu Miao, and Tan Yong-Hua. "Acute oral toxicity and Ames-mutagenicity of domestic waste decomposing microbial inoculants WU-1." In 2011 International Conference on Human Health and Biomedical Engineering (HHBE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hhbe.2011.6028958.

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Kamaruddin, M. A., F. A. Norashiddin, A. F. M. Idrus, M. H. Zawawi, and R. Alrozi. "A study on the effects of different microbial inoculants on the decomposition of organic waste by using semi passive aerated reactor." In GREEN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE: ADVANCED AND EMERGING APPLICATIONS: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture 2018. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5066840.

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Narasimhaiah, Ashwini, Pramod Kumar, Ajay Kumar Joshi, Naveen Chand Sharma, Rajesh Kaushal, Nivedita Sharma, Nisha Sharma, and Simran Saini. "The Stimulatory Effects of Humic Substances and Microbial Inoculants on Cropping Performance of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Lalit in Meadow Orcharding System." In IECHo 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecho2022-12503.

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Mikhailouskaya, N. A., D. V. Voitka, E. K. Yuzefovich, and T. B. Barashenko. "Effect of three-component microbial inoculant on winter rye and spring barley yields." In РАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ПРИРОДНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ В АГРОЦЕНОЗАХ. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-15.05.2020.17.

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One of the modern techniques of improving microbial preparations efficiency is a combination of several microorganisms with different beneficial properties in one inoculant. Taking into account the role of nitrogen and potassium nutrition and their synergism, it is essential to develop preparations of N2-fixing and K-mobilizing rhizobacteria, especially Azospirillum sp. and Bacillus sp. Effective biological control of root infections is of great importance in order to prevent crop yield losses. Among soil antagonistic fungi, Trichoderma sp. is the most promising one. Microbial inoculant includes three components: Azospirillum brasilеnse 2(b)3 + Bacillus circulans K-81 + Trichoderma longibrachiatum L-7 (1:1:1). Combined application of rhizobacteria A. brasilense + B. сirculans induced significant hormonal effect. Roots dry mass increased by 28%, roots length per plant – by 25%, stem dry mass – by 33%. In the field experiment, the treatment of barley by microbial inoculant provided the reduction of root rot incidence by 52.0–58.0%, disease development (waxy ripeness) – by 2.6–2.9 times, biological efficiency was 66.3–69.5%. Treatment of winter rye resulted in the reduction of disease incidence by 42.4–45.0%, disease development (milky ripeness) – by 2.0–2.6 times, biological efficiency – 50.2–61.2% according to soil-erosion catena. Beneficial influence of inoculation on plant development and nutrition, as well as effective biological control of plant diseases, provided significant crop responses: for winter rye – 3.8-4.5 c ha-1 or 7.0% - 9.8%, for spring barley – 5,2 – 4.9 c ha-1 or 9.3% – 9.2% according to soil-erosion catena. Microbial inoculant exhibits the properties of plant growth promoter, biological fertilizer, and biological fungicide.

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Mikhailouskaya, N. A., D. V. Voitka, and E. K. Yuzefovitch. "Microbial composition with the properties of plant growth promoter, biofertilizer and biological fungicide." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.170.

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Microbial composition A. brasilеnse+B. circulans+Т. longibrachiatum (MC) is effective inoculant for grain crops growing in erosion agrolandscaps. MC reveals the properties of plant growth promoter, biological fertilizer and biological fungicide. Poly functional positive action of three-component MC resulted in the increase of grain crops yield and improvement of its quality in stress conditions in erosion agrolandscaps.

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Souza, Khaoanny De, Leandra Karpinski, and Patricia Dayane Carvalho Schaker. "BIOPROSPECÇÃO DE FUNGOS ENDOFÍTICOS DE KALANCHOE DAIGREMONTIANA COM ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Biotecnologia On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/conbiotec/21.

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Introdução: Microrganismos endofíticos são considerados uma fonte promissora de metabólitos secundários com atividade biológica. Kalanchoe daigremontiana é uma planta de caráter invasor, reconhecida pelo acúmulo de substâncias bioativas, no entanto, a exploração da sua microbiota endofítica ainda é incipiente, tornando-a fonte promissora para bioprospecção microbiana. Objetivo: Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi isolar e caracterizar o potencial antioxidante de fungos endofíticos da espécie K. daigremontiana. Material e Métodos: Os isolados fúngicos endofíticos foram obtidos a partir de fragmentos de caule e raiz, os quais foram coletados, desinfectados superficialmente e colocados em placas de Petri contendo meio BDA suplementado ampicilina (50 µg/mL) e tetraciclina (50 µg/mL) a fim de evitar o crescimento bacteriano, e incubadas a 28 ± 1 °C durante 7 a 14 dias. As culturas fúngicas crescidas ao redor dos fragmentos foram isoladas por esgotamento e armazenadas utilizando o método Castellani. Para avaliação da atividade antioxidante, os isolados foram repicados em meio BDA e, em seguida, inoculados meio líquido CBD (caldo batata dextrose), e mantidos durante 7 dias sob agitação de 150 rpm, 28°C. O caldo fermentado foi utilizado para quantificação da atividade antioxidante utilizando o método de redução de absorbância pelo sequestro do radical livre •DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazila). Os isolados com maior atividade foram identificados por meio do sequenciamento da região ITS. Resultados: Foram obtidos 30 isolados fúngicos, dos quais 15 foram recuperados em meio BDA após o período de armazenamento. O potencial antioxidante foi observado para todos os isolados, com destaque para os isolados 4 e 16, com atividades de 76,75% e 80,25% de sequestro do radical livre •DPPH , respectivamente. Ambos foram identificados como pertencentes à espécie Alternaria alternata, com 99,6% (isolado 4) e 98,8% (isolado 16) de identidade com sequências depositadas no banco de dados nr do NCBI. Conclusão: As linhagens obtidas poderão ser utilizadas para uma caracterização mais completa dos compostos bioativos, e são fontes promissoras para a descoberta e produção de novas moléculas naturais para aplicação biotecnológica.

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Da Silva, Maria Carolina Raiol, Daniel Vitor Da Silva Monteiro, Daniele De Lima Dos Santos, Ediberto Nunes, and Jaqueline Salim Brabo. "MECANISMO DE DEFESA DO SISTEMA IMUNOLÓGICO CONTRA ÀS SUPERBACTÉRIAS." In I Congresso Brasileiro de Imunologia On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/945.

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Introdução: As bactérias apresentam uma série de mecanismos químicos que lhes garantem resistência a condições extremas do ambiente. Frente a sérios danos que podem ser causados, vê-se a importância do sistema imunológico na defesa e combate aos agentes agressores. Objetivo: Caracterizar as principais células envolvidas no mecanismo de defesa do sistema imunológico contra superbactérias. Material e métodos: As buscas foram realizadas em bases de dados bibliográficas — SciELO, BIREME, LILACS, livros de Imunologia e Patologia. Incluiu-se artigos do período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2019, com delineamento experimental ou observacional, em Inglês, Português e Espanhol. Resultados: O sistema complemento atua na destruição de microrganismos infecciosos, caracterizando-se por apresentar três vias, a clássica, a lectina de ligação à manana (MBL) e a via alternativa. Os neutrófilos geram fibras extracelulares, chamadas de “neutrophil extracellular traps” (NETs), caracterizando uma nova estratégia de remoção de patógenos (bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas). Por meio da liberação de proteínas com atividade microbicida, os macrófagos podem destruir esses micro-organismos. Alguns micro-organismos podem ser resistentes à ação microbicida, assim, os macrófagos tornam-se grandes e multinucleados, impedindo a disseminação do patógeno. Preparados para lançar EETs em resposta a um produto bacteriano, os eosinófilos, demonstraram que ocorre morte de 90% das bactérias inoculadas, por um mecanismo independente da fagocitose. Além disso, eosinófilos intestinais e deposição de DNA extracelular, permitiram proteção contra sepse microbiana. Os linfócitos B são os responsáveis por produzir os anticorpos, porém os anticorpos não penetram nas células hospedeiras, a defesa primária contra o patógeno no citosol é o linfócito T citotóxico. Os TCLs são uma subdivisão de linfócitos T que irão expressam um tipo de antígeno nas suas superfícies chamado CD8. Reconhecem antígenos do patógeno e matam pela indução de apoptose, impedindo que a infecção se espalhe. Conclusão: Todos os mecanismos de defesas apresentados, trabalham para eliminar o patógeno. E através da revisão bibliográfica, é possível entender como o organismo age na presença desses microrganismos, assim, identificar quando há uma resistência dos patógenos, principalmente a das superbactérias, que estão cada vez mais resistentes.

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Reports on the topic "Microbial inoculants"

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Weinberg, Zwi G., Adegbola Adesogan, Itzhak Mizrahi, Shlomo Sela, Kwnag Jeong, and Diwakar Vyas. effect of selected lactic acid bacteria on the microbial composition and on the survival of pathogens in the rumen in context with their probiotic effects on ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598162.bard.

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This research project was performed in context of the apparent probiotic effect of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) silage inoculants on the performance of ruminants (improved feed intake, faster live-weight gain, higher milk yields and improved feed efficiency). The overall objective was to find out how LAB affect ruminant performance. The project included several “chapters” as follows: 1. The effect of LAB silage inoculants on the survival of detrimental bacteria in rumen fluid, in vitro study (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). An in vitro model was developed to study the interaction between selected LAB and an E. coli strain tagged with green fluorescence protein (GFP) in buffered RF. Results indicated that both LAB inoculants and E. coli survived in the RF for several days; both LAB inoculants and LAB-treated silages did not affect survival of E. coli in rumen fluid in vitro. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the performance of high-lactating cows (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). Treatments included control (no additive), Lacobacillusbuchneri40788 (LB), Lactobacillus plantarumMTD1 40027 (LP) and Pediococcuspentosaceus30168 (PP), each applied at 10⁶ cfu/g FM. The silages were included in the TMR of 32 high milking Holstein cows in a controlled feeding experiment. All baled silages were of good quality. The LB silage had the numerically highest acetic acid and were the most stable upon aerobic exposure. The cows fed the LB silages had the highest daily milk yields, percent milk fat and protein. The microbiome of baled wheat silages and changes during ensiling of wheat and corn (Sela et al., The Volcani Center). Bacterial community of the baled silages was dominated mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Lactobacillus and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12 with 300 other genera at very low abundance. Fungal community was composed mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Candida and Monascuswith 20 other genera at very low abundance. In addition, changes in the microbiome during ensiling of wheat and corn with and without addition of L. plantarumMTD1 was studied in mini-silos. Overall 236 bacterial genera were identified in the fresh corn but after 3 months Lactobacillus outnumbered all other species by acquiring 95% of relative abundance. The wheat silage samples are still under analysis. The effect of applying LAB inoculants at ensiling on survival of E. coli O157:H7 in alfalfa and corn silages(Adesogan et al., University of Florida). E. coli (10⁵ cfu/g) was applied to fresh alfalfa and corn at ensiling with or without L. plantarumor L. buchneri. The pathogen was added again after about 3 moths at the beginning of an aerobic exposure period. The inoculants resulted in faster decrease in pH as compared with the control (no additives) or E. coli alone and therefore, the pathogen was eliminated faster from these silages. After aerobic exposure the pathogen was not detected in the LAB treated silages, whereas it was still present in the E. coli alone samples. 5. The effect of feeding corn silage treated with or without L. buchnerion shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by dairy cows (Adesogan et al., UFL). BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 2 of 12 Five hundred cows from the dairy herd of the University of Florida were screened for E. coli shedding, out of which 14 low and 13 high shedders were selected. These cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) which was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 for 21 days. The TMR included corn silage treated with or without L. buchneri. The inoculated silages were more stable upon aerobic exposure than the control silages; the silage inoculant had no significant effect on any milk or cow blood parameters. However, the silage inoculant tended to reduce shedding of E. coli regardless of high or low shedders (p = 0.06). 6. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the rumen microbiome (Mizrahi et al., BGU). Rumen fluid was sampled throughout the feeding experiment in which inoculated wheat silages were included in the rations. Microbial DNA was subsequently purified from each sample and the 16S rRNA was sequenced, thus obtaining an overview of the microbiome and its dynamic changes for each experimental treatment. We observed an increase in OTU richness in the group which received the baled silage inoculated with Lactobacillus Plantarum(LP). In contrast the group fed Lactobacillus buchneri(LB) inoculated silage resulted in a significant decrease in richness. Lower OTU richness was recently associated in lactating cows with higher performance (Ben Shabatet al., 2016). No significant clustering could be observed between the different inoculation treatments and the control in non metric multi-dimentional scaling, suggesting that the effect of the treatments is not the result of an overall modulation of the microbiome composition but possibly the result of more discrete interactions. Significant phylum level changes in composition also indicates that no broad changes in taxa identity and composition occurred under any treatment A more discrete modulation could be observed in the fold change of several taxonomic groups (genus level analysis), unique to each treatment, before and after the treatment. Of particular interest is the LB treated group, in which several taxa significantly decreased in abundance. BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 3 of 12

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Crowley, David E., Dror Minz, and Yitzhak Hadar. Shaping Plant Beneficial Rhizosphere Communities. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7594387.bard.

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PGPR bacteria include taxonomically diverse bacterial species that function for improving plant mineral nutrition, stress tolerance, and disease suppression. A number of PGPR are being developed and commercialized as soil and seed inoculants, but to date, their interactions with resident bacterial populations are still poorly understood, and-almost nothing is known about the effects of soil management practices on their population size and activities. To this end, the original objectives of this research project were: 1) To examine microbial community interactions with plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and their plant hosts. 2) To explore the factors that affect PGPR population size and activity on plant root surfaces. In our original proposal, we initially prqposed the use oflow-resolution methods mainly involving the use of PCR-DGGE and PLFA profiles of community structure. However, early in the project we recognized that the methods for studying soil microbial communities were undergoing an exponential leap forward to much more high resolution methods using high-throughput sequencing. The application of these methods for studies on rhizosphere ecology thus became a central theme in these research project. Other related research by the US team focused on identifying PGPR bacterial strains and examining their effective population si~es that are required to enhance plant growth and on developing a simulation model that examines the process of root colonization. As summarized in the following report, we characterized the rhizosphere microbiome of four host plant species to determine the impact of the host (host signature effect) on resident versus active communities. Results of our studies showed a distinct plant host specific signature among wheat, maize, tomato and cucumber, based on the following three parameters: (I) each plant promoted the activity of a unique suite of soil bacterial populations; (2) significant variations were observed in the number and the degree of dominance of active populations; and (3)the level of contribution of active (rRNA-based) populations to the resident (DNA-based) community profiles. In the rhizoplane of all four plants a significant reduction of diversity was observed, relative to the bulk soil. Moreover, an increase in DNA-RNA correspondence indicated higher representation of active bacterial populations in the residing rhizoplane community. This research demonstrates that the host plant determines the bacterial community composition in its immediate vicinity, especially with respect to the active populations. Based on the studies from the US team, we suggest that the effective population size PGPR should be maintained at approximately 105 cells per gram of rhizosphere soil in the zone of elongation to obtain plant growth promotion effects, but emphasize that it is critical to also consider differences in the activity based on DNA-RNA correspondence. The results ofthis research provide fundamental new insight into the composition ofthe bacterial communities associated with plant roots, and the factors that affect their abundance and activity on root surfaces. Virtually all PGPR are multifunctional and may be expected to have diverse levels of activity with respect to production of plant growth hormones (regulation of root growth and architecture), suppression of stress ethylene (increased tolerance to drought and salinity), production of siderophores and antibiotics (disease suppression), and solubilization of phosphorus. The application of transcriptome methods pioneered in our research will ultimately lead to better understanding of how management practices such as use of compost and soil inoculants can be used to improve plant yields, stress tolerance, and disease resistance. As we look to the future, the use of metagenomic techniques combined with quantitative methods including microarrays, and quantitative peR methods that target specific genes should allow us to better classify, monitor, and manage the plant rhizosphere to improve crop yields in agricultural ecosystems. In addition, expression of several genes in rhizospheres of both cucumber and whet roots were identified, including mostly housekeeping genes. Denitrification, chemotaxis and motility genes were preferentially expressed in wheat while in cucumber roots bacterial genes involved in catalase, a large set of polysaccharide degradation and assimilatory sulfate reduction genes were preferentially expressed.

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Knotek-Smith, Heather, and Catherine Thomas. Microbial dynamics of a fluidized bed bioreactor treating perchlorate in groundwater. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45403.

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Optimization of operation and performance of the groundwater treatment system regarding perchlorate removal at Longhorn Army Ammunition Plant (LHAAP) is dependent on specific conditions within the reactor and the larger groundwater treatment process. This study evaluated the microbial community compositions within the plant during periods of adequate perchlorate degradation, sub-adequate perchlorate degradation, and non-operating conditions. Factors affecting the performance of the LHAAP ground water treatment system (GWTS) perchlorate de-grading fluidized bed reactor (FBR) are identified and discussed. Isolation of the FBR from naturally occurring microbial populations in the groundwater was the most significant factor reducing system effectiveness. The microbial population within the FBR is highly susceptible to system upsets, which leads to declining diversity within the reactor. As designed, the system operates for extended periods without the desired perchlorate removal without intervention such as a seed inoculant. A range of modifications and the operation of the system are identified to increase the effectiveness of perchlorate removal at LHAAP.

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