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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microbial genetics

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Academic literature on the topic 'Microbial genetics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Microbial genetics"

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Brown, P. R. "Modern microbial genetics." FEBS Letters 303, no. 1 (May 25, 1992): 94–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(92)80486-z.

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Gowland, Pete. "Modern microbial genetics." Trends in Biochemical Sciences 17, no. 8 (August 1992): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0968-0004(92)90449-j.

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Skovgaard, Niels. "Modern Microbial Genetics." International Journal of Food Microbiology 84, no. 3 (August 2003): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1605(02)00445-2.

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Del Duca, Sara, Alberto Vassallo, Alessio Mengoni, and Renato Fani. "Microbial Genetics and Evolution." Microorganisms 10, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 1274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071274.

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Although proto-evolutionary ideas date back to the time of the ancient Greeks, the idea that organisms evolve was not considered a basic element of scientific knowledge until Charles Darwin published his “On the Origin of Species” in 1859 [...]

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Iyer, Shankar, and Sonia Muliyil. "Microbial Genetics: Stress Management." Trends in Microbiology 29, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2020.10.015.

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Iyer, Shankar, and Sonia Muliyil. "Microbial Genetics: Stress Management." Trends in Genetics 37, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tig.2020.10.012.

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Camarinha-Silva, Amelia, Maria Maushammer, Robin Wellmann, Marius Vital, Siegfried Preuss, and Jörn Bennewitz. "Host Genome Influence on Gut Microbial Composition and Microbial Prediction of Complex Traits in Pigs." Genetics 206, no. 3 (May 3, 2017): 1637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.117.200782.

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Baldo, Laura, and John H. Werren. "Evolutionary Genetics of Microbial Symbiosis." Genes 12, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12030327.

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Krishnamurthy, Partha. "Modern Microbial Genetics, 2nd Edition." Shock 19, no. 1 (January 2003): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-200301000-00020.

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HARTL, D. "Population genetics of microbial organisms." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 2, no. 6 (1992): 937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-437x(05)80119-4.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microbial genetics"

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Brauer, Matthew Jonas. "Geometry and genetics of microbial adaptation /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004221.

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Hu, Yiguo. "Identification of Key Signaling Molecules with Therapeutic Potential for Ph+ Leukemia." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HuY2007.pdf.

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Lundin, Cecilia. "Homologous recombination at replication forks in mammalian cells /." Stockholm : Institutionen för genetik, mikrobiologi och toxikologi, Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-207.

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Imamura, Kely Braga [UNESP]. "Caracterização funcional de um fator de transcrição hipotético no fungo Neurospora crassa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/135929.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-07T19:20:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-09-03. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-03-07T19:24:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000857370_20170430.pdf: 809498 bytes, checksum: 80b75f84f1c54021e456991ff49e7ef9 (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2017-05-05T11:53:10Z: 000857370_20170430.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2017-05-05T11:53:57Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000857370.pdf: 3326185 bytes, checksum: 3f22efb9b253d3c96ffa4aefe4751ed0 (MD5)
O fungo Neurospora crassa tem sido amplamente utilizado como organismo modelo para o estudo de alguns aspectos da biologia em eucariotos. O sequenciamento de seu genoma permitiu analisar funcionalmente diversos fatores de transcrição e, portanto, atribuir função a proteínas anotadas como hipotéticas. Neste estudo, está sendo investigado o papel funcional do produto de ORF NCU01629, um fator de transcrição que pertence à família zinc-finger sem homólogos funcionais nos bancos de dados de fungos filamentosos. Análises de interação DNA-proteína in vitro foram previamente realizadas por pesquisadores colaboradores, permitindo a identificação do seu motif de ligação ao DNA, bem como os genes provavelmente regulados por este fator de transcrição. A partir destes dados, estes genes foram classificados pelo FunCat. Os resultados revelaram o envolvimento do fator de transcrição em eventos celulares relacionados ao estresse oxidativo, bem como morte celular, entre outros processos celulares. Análises do crescimento radial do fungo foram realizadas em placas de Petri contendo agentes indutores de diferentes tipos de estresse, tais como osmótico, térmico e oxidativo. A linhagem mutante mostrou crescimento semelhante à linhagem selvagem, em condições de estresse osmótico (NaCl 0,1-1,5M e sorbitol 1-1,5M), pH (4,2 e 7,8) e térmico (45ºC). Entretanto, o crescimento da linhagem mutante foi influenciado quando a linhagem foi exposta a diferentes agentes indutores de EROs, como o paraquat (10 μM), menadiona (50 μM), H2O2 (2 mM) e farnesol (10 μM). A linhagem mutante mostrou crescimento radial reduzido, quando comparado à linhagem selvagem no tratamento com diferentes concentrações de paraquat e farnesol e aumento da resistência quando expostos a H2O2 e menadiona. A expressão de genes relacionados a EROs (cat-1, cat-2, cat-3, gst-1, gst-2, sod e nox) e genes apoptóticos...
The fungus Neurospora crassa has been widely used as a model organism for the study of some aspects of biology in eukaryotes. The sequencing of its genome has enabled functionally analyze various transcription factors and therefore, assign function to hypothetical proteins. In this study, we investigated the functional role of the ORF NCU01629 product, a transcription factor that belongs to the zinc-finger protein family without functional homologues in fungi database. In vitro analysis of DNA-protein interaction, allowed the identification of its DNA binding motif and, as a consequence, the most likely genes regulated by this transcription factor. The genes were classified by FunCat. The results revealed the involvement of the transcription factor in multiple cellular processes including the response to oxidative stress and cell death. Analyses of radial growth were performed in Petri dishes containing agents that induce different types of stress such as osmotic, thermal and oxidative. The knockout strain showed similar growth to the wild type strain when exposed to osmotic (NaCl 0,1-1,5M and sorbitol 1-1,5M), pH (4.2 and 7.8) and heat (45°C) stresses. However, growth of the knockout strain was influenced when the strain was exposed to different ROS inducing agents, such as paraquat (10 μM), menadione (50 μM), H2O2 (2mM) and farnesol (10 μM). The knockout strain showed reduced radial growth, compared to the wild-type strain, when exposed to different concentrations of paraquat and farnesol and increased resistance to H2O2 and menadione. The expression of genes related to ROS (cat-1, cat-2, cat-3, gst-1, gst-2, sod, and nox) and apoptotic genes (bax, metascaspases, and p53) were analyzed by RT-qPCR. The results showed that the transcription factor is involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress response, controlling the expression of all genes. The gene encoding glutathione-S-transferase...

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Meng, Da. "Bioinformatics tools for evaluating microbial relationships." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/d_meng_042209.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Washington State University, May 2009.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on June 8, 2009). "School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science." Includes bibliographical references.

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Robinson, Andrea Keryn. "Microbial zinc metallothioneins : function of SmtA and species distribution." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366622.

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Lolle, Susan Janne. "Expression of killer preprotoxin cDNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : functional analysis of the N-terminal leader domain." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75435.

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Expression of cDNA clones of the M1 double-stranded RNA killer preprotoxin coding region in Saccharomyces cerevisiae successfully directed the synthesis of secreted active toxin. Transformants harbouring these expression plasmids also displayed a K1 specific immunity phenotype. Immunoprecipitation of intracellular proteins with antitoxin antiserum showed that these transformants synthesize a 42kd glycosylated preprotoxin precursor. Two smaller unglycosylated immunoreactive species could also be resolved. These toxin precursor species were characterized by using secretory-defective hosts, by comparative electrophoretic mobilities, and by tunicamycin susceptibility. Such studies indicate that these protein species represent intermediates generated by signal cleavage of the preprotoxin and its subsequent glycosylation and provide evidence that these events occur post-translationally. Mutational analysis of the 44 amino acid preprotoxin N-terminal leader indicated that it is functionally bipartite, consisting of an N-terminal signal sequence and a C-terminal pro-sequence. Deletion of the leader perturbed but did not eliminate secretion of toxin.

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Simmons, Susan. "The microbial ecology of acidic environments." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2001. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58964/.

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The microflora of two acidic environments was investigated using analysis of 16S rDNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from environmental DNA. These environments had different chemical characteristics from most of the acidic environments studied by others. The first sample site, a coal spoil (Birch Coppice, Warwickshire), might have been expected to produce niches enriched in humic matter. The second, comprising geothermal vents on the Island of Vulcano, was unusual for natural acidic environments since it was saline. Three vent regions of different temperatures (30°C, 45°C and 80°C) were examined. Prior to the 16S rDNA analysis of the sites, a brief investigation into selection of a suitable method of DNA extraction was carried out. A bead-beating method and a chemical lysis/freeze-thaw method were compared. With regard to clone types found via each method, there was little qualitative difference. DNA was extracted from the two sites and 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR. PCR products were ligated and competent E. coli cells were transformed to produce clone libraries. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were examined and representatives of each RFLP type were sequenced and analysed with reference to RNA gene sequence data bases. The coal spoil clone library was dominated by sequences related to those from uncultured actinobacteria, particularly those found previously in peat bogs and various soils. Representatives of some well-known acidophiles were also found (e.g. Leptospirillum species). The clone bank from the saline, geothermal site DNA comprised sequences from acidophiles capable of growth at the respective temperatures of different samples. The lowest temperature samples produced sequences from a novel Acidithiobacillus species and also indicated a novel species probably related to Thiobacillus prosperus (which was isolated previously from Vulcano). A high temperature sample gave sequences from archaeal acidophiles, Acidianus brierleyi and, previously isolated from Vulcano, Acidianus infernus and Thermoplasma volcanium. Where the clone banks revealed the presence of novel organisms, attempts were made to isolate and characterise them. The novel actinobacteria did not appear to grow in laboratory enrichment cultures. The novel Acidithiobacillus species and two novel Thiobacillus prosperus-like species were characterised.

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Tsang, J. S. H. "The physiology and genetics of bacterial dehalogenases." Thesis, University of Kent, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.380588.

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Melendrez, Melanie Crystal. "Population genetics of Synehococcus species inhabiting the Mushroom Spring microbial mat, Yellowstone National Park." Thesis, Montana State University, 2010. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2010/melendrez/MelendrezM0510.pdf.

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The species concept in microbiology is under considerable debate. Some scientists believe that traditional approaches are adequate, while others search for more natural concepts. The ecotype concept (ecological species concept) was evaluated in this work. Two temperature sites of a well-studied microbial mat system in Yellowstone National Park were investigated. Previous molecular analyses with 16S rRNA and the adjacent internal transcribed spacer (ITS) suggested the dominance of two putative ecotypes (PEs) of cyanobacteria in these sites, Synechococcus genotypes A and B'. Higher resolution molecular approaches were developed to address the hypotheses that (i) there are more Synechococcus PEs than those discerned by 16S rRNA/ITS sequence variation, (ii) these PEs exhibit distinct ecological distribution patterns and (iii) recombination has been less important than mutation in shaping the evolution of these Synechococcus populations. Analysis of single protein-encoding loci revealed more sample-specific PEs than previously detected, but didn't account for recombination. Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were constructed to sample multiple loci near 16S rRNA genes for multi-locus sequence analyses (MLSA). Analysis of BAC clone end sequences revealed that 16S rRNA regions of the genomes of Synechococcus A- and B'-like populations have undergone rearrangement. Multiple BAC loci were analyzed using two population genetics algorithms; Evolutionary Simulation (ES) and eBURST. ES of concatenated MLSA sequences, but not eBURST analysis, suggested a much greater number of PEs than were detected by 16S rRNA and ITS and provided stronger evidence of sample-specificity. Recombination, suggested by phylogenetic incongruency among loci, multiple recombination tests and polymorphism patterns, appears to have been more frequent than mutation, but not to have erased ecotype structure. Many PEs predicted by ES contained a dominant variant surrounded by rare variants. eBURST predicted some clonal complexes with the same dominant variant, but different rare variants. ES appears to miss phylogenetically distant variants that differ at one locus, whereas eBURST appears to miss phylogenetically similar variants that differ at >1 locus. True ecotype populations in nature may contain both types of variants, but this must be evaluated by examining the distribution of all variants relative to environmental gradients.

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Books on the topic "Microbial genetics"

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Maloy, Stanley R. Microbial genetics. 2nd ed. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 1994.

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Maloy, Stanley R. Microbial genetics. 2nd ed. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 1994.

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Freifelder, David. Microbial genetics. Boston, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 1987.

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Okoń, Sylwia, Beata Zimowska, and Mahendra Rai. Microbial Genetics. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933.

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M, Fraser Claire, Read Timothy D, and Nelson Karen E, eds. Microbial genomes. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 2004.

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Streips, Uldis N., and Ronald E. Yasbin, eds. Modern Microbial Genetics. New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047122197x.

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1942-, Streips Uldis N., and Yasbin Ronald E, eds. Modern microbial genetics. New York: Wiley-Liss, 1991.

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Oliver, S. G. Microbial extrachromosomal genetics. Wokingham: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1985.

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1942-, Streips Uldis N., and Yasbin Ronald E, eds. Modern microbial genetics. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley-Liss, 2002.

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Colin, Stuttard, ed. Genetics and biochemistry of antibiotic production. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microbial genetics"

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Hofkin, Bruce V. "Microbial Genetics." In Living in a microbial world, 135–64. Second edition. | New York, NY : Garland Science, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.,: W.W. Norton & Company, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315294001-7.

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Parija, Subhash Chandra. "Microbial Genetics." In Textbook of Microbiology and Immunology, 45–63. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3315-8_5.

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Ociepa, Tomasz. "Metagenomics." In Microbial Genetics, 52–60. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-6.

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Hossain, Md Motaher. "Pathogenesis and Virulence of Phakopsora pachyrhizi." In Microbial Genetics, 220–42. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-19.

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Moreno, Débora Antunes Neto, Natália Tribuiani, Edson Hideaki Yoshida, Jocimar de Souza, Ederson Constantino, Carolina Alves dos Santos, Marco Vinicius Chaud, et al. "Use of Salmonella Typhimurium as Tester Strains (Salmonella/Microsome) for Evaluating Mutagenicity of Compounds." In Microbial Genetics, 155–74. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-15.

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Oliveira, Juan Carlos Ariute, Lucas Gabriel Rodrigues Gomes, Arun Kumar Jaiswal, Sandeep Tiwari, Vasco Azevedo, Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon, and Flávia Figueira Aburjaile. "The Secretome Landscape of Ralstonia." In Microbial Genetics, 138–54. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-14.

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Nucia, Aleksandra. "Basic Principles of Microbial Replication, Transcription and Translation." In Microbial Genetics, 23–36. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-4.

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Okoń, Sylwia. "Genetic Organization of Microbial Genomes." In Microbial Genetics, 11–22. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-3.

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Orasmo, Gleice Ribeiro, and Mariluce Gonçalves Fonseca. "Molecular-Genetic Approaches to Protozoa and Their Pathogenicity." In Microbial Genetics, 345–63. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-24.

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Genetics, Microbial, Shaifali Sharma, Jaya Sharma, Aditi Sharma, Nidhi Tripathi, and Rohit Sharma. "Diversity and Mechanisms of Fungal—Mineral Interaction Through Molecular and Omics Studies." In Microbial Genetics, 276–95. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003328933-21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microbial genetics"

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Trout Fryxell, Rebecca. "Population genetics and microbial communities of field-collectedAmblyomma maculatum." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.114635.

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Bilton, T. P., R. Jordan, M. K. Hess, S. M. Hickey, N. Amyes, P. Johnson, H. Henry, et al. "30. Breeding for lowered methane emissions using rumen microbial profiles in sheep." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_30.

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"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the North Caucasus and the Gorny Altai: biodiversity and role in plant-microbial interactions." In Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Novosibirsk ICG SB RAS 2021, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/plantgen2021-220.

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Zetouni, L., S. Roques, S. K. Kar, Y. de Haas, D. Schokker, and M. Aldridge. "25. Can ruminal microbial information help improve selection for low-methane emitting dairy cows?" In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_25.

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Carillier-Jacquin, C., V. Deru, L. Tusell, A. Bouquet, L. Jacquin, and H. Gilbert. "403. Predicting pig digestibility coefficients with microbial and genomic data using machine learning prediction algorithms." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_403.

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Lima, J., M. Martínez-Álvaro, J. Mattock, M. D. Auffret, C. A. Duthie, M. A. Cleveland, R. J. Dewhurst, M. Watson, and R. Roehe. "633. Host-genomically influenced ruminal microbial genes are temporally stable during the finishing phase in beef cattle." In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_633.

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Déru, V., F. Tiezzi, C. Carillier-Jacquin, B. Blanchet, L. Cauquil, O. Zemb, A. Bouquet, C. Maltecca, and H. Gilbert. "506. Can microbial data improve prediction of breeding values of efficiency traits in pigs fed conventional or fiber diets?" In World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-940-4_506.

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Zakiryaeva, Saidakhon, Sh Atadjanova, S. Khomidjonova, and Z. Shakirov. "Antagonistic properties of rhizobacteria in relation to phytopatogens of wheat." In 5th International Scientific Conference on Microbial Biotechnology. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb22.42.

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Plant protection from phytopathogens is becoming an increasingly severe problem in modern agriculture and agricultural microbiology. Today, there is a trend around the world towards an increase in the number of phytopathogenic micromycetes in agricultural soils due to the unreasonable introduction of chemical ameliorants into the soil and mismanagement in agricultural practices. This trend leads to the development of various diseases of agricultural plants, their death, a decrease in productivity, as well as a decrease in soil fertility. Therefore, in recent years, the microbiological method of plant protection has become widespread. The aim of our research was to study the antagonistic activity of rhizobacteria in relation to wheat phytopathogens. The objects of research were local active strains of phosphate and potassium-mobilizing wheat rhizobacteria of the genera Rahnella, Enterobacter, Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Bacillus and phytopathogenic wheat fungi. As test cultures in determining the antagonistic properties of rhizobacteria, 6 strains of phytopathogenic fungi (Fusarium graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. tricinctum, F. avenaceum, Bipolaris sorokiniana, B. spicifera) of wheat were taken from the collection of the Institute of Genetics and Experimental Plant Biology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The antagonistic activity of rhizobacteria against phytopathogenic wheat fungi was studied by the well diffusion method on Czapek's medium. We have studied the antagonistic activity of rhizobacteria against phytopathogenic fungi causing various wheat diseases. The data obtained by us showed that 22 strains of rhizobacteria, of all tested, exhibit strong antagonistic activity in relation to one or another test culture. Thus, the Pseudomonas spp. 10R exhibited varying degrees of antagonistic activity against all test cultures of phytopathogens. Whereas other strains of Bacillus cereus 7R and Pseudomonas kilonensis 9R were active only against 3 phytopathogens F. graminearum, B. sorokiniana and B. spicifera, the inhibition zones was 90%. The strains of the species Rahnella aquatilis, only 2 strains No. 10 and 14 showed antagonistic activity against 2 test cultures - F. graminearum and B. spicifera, the zones of inhibition was 100%. The bacterial species Enterobacter clocae, strain No. 7 had a stronger antibiotic property. Thus, the zone of inhibition in relation to B. sorokiniana was 100%, F. graminearum and F. oxusporum - 90%, F. tricinctum - 80%. The B. megaterium 22R strain was also active against two phytopathogens, F. graminearum and F. avenaceum, the zone of inhibition was 80%. The B. subtilis 24R strain showed antagonistic activity against 5 test objects, although the zones of inhibition were insignificant, so the zone of inhibition against F. graminearum was 16 mm, F. tricinctum and B. sorokiniana - 11 mm, F. avenaceum - 20 mm, on B. spicifera - 22 mm. The P. agglomerans 1R strain showed antagonistic activity only against F. graminearum (8 mm), F. tricinctum (10 mm), and F. avenaceum (11 mm). Thus, under laboratory conditions, the antagonistic activity of wheat rhizobacteria in relation to wheat phytopathogens was determined. Pseudomonas spp. 10R, B. cereus 7R, P. kilonensis 9R, R. aquatilis 10, 14, E. clocae 7 and B. megaterium 22R bacterial strains exhibited the highest antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic wheat fungi among all the studied strains.

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Lupu, Vasile Valeriu, Ingrith Miron, Nicolai Nistor, Doina Carina Voinescu, Magdalena Starcea, Ancuta Lupu, and Anamaria Ciubara. "GENERAL NUTRITION PRINCIPLES FOR THE MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH OF CHILDREN." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.26.

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According to the theory of Hipocrates (3rd century BC) "all diseases begin in the intestines". It is now known that intestinal microorganisms participate in physiological processes such as: immune system functioning, detoxification, inflammation, neurotransmitter and vitamin production, nutrient absorption, hunger, and satiety signaling, carbohydrate and fat burning. Thus, a beneficial microbial flora is maintained by proper nutrition. Also, in the literature, there are microbiome-specific associations with different pathologies: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), asthma, autism, allergies, chronic fatigue, depression, anxiety, and diabetes. To prevent these pathologies, in the children's growth and development it must be considered multiple factors: the type of birth (natural or caesarean), genetics, general health, physical activity, sedentarism, sleep quality, and appropriate nutrition.

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Rakhmanov, Bakhtiyor, A. Imamkhodjaeva, D. Usmanov, Kh Ubaydullaeva, M. Mirzakhmedov, Shukhrat Shermatov, and Z. Buriev. "Development of genetic vectors based on artemisinin biosynthesis related genes and their transformation into plants using agrobacterium." In 5th International Scientific Conference on Microbial Biotechnology. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb22.05.

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Reports on the topic "Microbial genetics"

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Cahaner, Avigdor, Susan J. Lamont, E. Dan Heller, and Jossi Hillel. Molecular Genetic Dissection of Complex Immunocompetence Traits in Broilers. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586461.bard.

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Objectives: (1) Evaluate Immunocompetence-OTL-containing Chromosomal Regions (ICRs), marked by microsatellites or candidate genes, for magnitude of direct effect and for contribution to relationships among multiple immunocompetence, disease-resistance, and growth traits, in order to estimate epistatic and pleiotropic effects and to predict the potential breeding applications of such markers. (2) Evaluate the interaction of the ICRs with genetic backgrounds from multiple sources and of multiple levels of genetic variation, in order to predict the general applicability of molecular genetic markers across widely varied populations. Background: Diseases cause substantial economic losses to animal producers. Emerging pathogens, vaccine failures and intense management systems increase the impact of diseases on animal production. Moreover, zoonotic pathogens are a threat to human food safety when microbiological contamination of animal products occurs. Consumers are increasingly concerned about drug residues and antibiotic- resistant pathogens derived from animal products. The project used contemporary scientific technologies to investigate the genetics of chicken resistance to infectious disease. Genetic enhancement of the innate resistance of chicken populations provides a sustainable and ecologically sound approach to reduce microbial loads in agricultural populations. In turn, animals will be produced more efficiently with less need for drug treatment and will pose less of a potential food-safety hazard. Major achievements, conclusions and implications:. The PI and co-PIs had developed a refined research plan, aiming at the original but more focused objectives, that could be well-accomplished with the reduced awarded support. The successful conduct of that research over the past four years has yielded substantial new information about the genes and genetic markers that are associated with response to two important poultry pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis (SE) and Escherichia coli (EC), about variation of immunocompetence genes in poultry, about relationships of traits of immune response and production, and about interaction of genes with environment and with other genes and genetic background. The current BARD work has generated a base of knowledge and expertise regarding the genetic variation underlying the traits of immunocompetence and disease resistance. In addition, unique genetic resource populations of chickens have been established in the course of the current project, and they are essential for continued projects. The US laboratory has made considerable progress in studies of the genetics of resistance to SE. Microsatellite-marked chromosomal regions and several specific genes were linked to SE vaccine response or bacterial burden and the important phenomenon of gene interaction was identified in this system. In total, these studies demonstrate the role of genetics in SE response, the utility of the existing resource population, and the expertise of the research group in conducting such experiments. The Israeli laboratories had showed that the lines developed by selection for high or low level of antibody (Ab) response to EC differ similarly in Ab response to several other viral and bacterial pathogens, indicating the existence of a genetic control of general capacity of Ab response in young broilers. It was also found that the 10w-Ab line has developed, possibly via compensatory "natural" selection, higher cellular immune response. At the DNA levels, markers supposedly linked to immune response were identified, as well as SNP in the MHC, a candidate gene responsible for genetic differences in immunocompetence of chickens.

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Droby, Samir, Joseph W. Eckert, Shulamit Manulis, and Rajesh K. Mehra. Ecology, Population Dynamics and Genetic Diversity of Epiphytic Yeast Antagonists of Postharvest Diseases of Fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568777.bard.

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One of the emerging technologies is the use of microbial agents for the control of postharvest diseases of fruits and vegetables. A number of antagonistic microorganisms have been discovered which have the potential to effectively control postharvest diseases. Some of this technology has been patented and commercial products such as AspireTM (Ecogen Corporatin, Langhorne, PA, USA), Biosave 10TM and Biosave 11TM (Ecoscience Inc., Worchester, MA, USA) have been registered for commercial use. The principal investigator of this project was involved in developing the yeast-based biofungicide-AspireTM and testing its efficacy under commercial conditions. This research project was initiated to fill the gap between the knowledge available on development and commercial implementation of yeast biocontrol agents and basic understanding of various aspects related to introducing yeast antagonists to fruit surfaces, along with verification of population genetics. The main objectives of this study were: Study ecology, population dynamics and genetic diversity of the yeast antagonists Candida guilliermondii, C. oleophila, and Debaryomyces hansenii, and study the effect of preharvest application of the yeast antagonist C. oleophila naturally occurring epiphytic microbial population and on the development of postharvest diseases of citrus fruit during storage. Our findings, which were detailed in several publications, have shown that an epiphytic yeast population of grapefruit able to grow under high osmotic conditions and a wide range of temperatures was isolated and characterized for its biocontrol activity against green mold decay caused by Penicillium digitatum. Techniques based on random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-PCR), as well as homologies between sequences of the rDNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and 5.8S gene, were used to characterize the composition of the yeast population and to determine the genetic relationship among predominant yeast species. Epiphytic yeasts exhibiting the highest biocontrol activity against P. digitatum on grapefruit were identified as Candida guilliermondii, C. oleophila, C. sake, and Debaryomyces hansenii, while C. guilliermondii was the most predominant species. RAPD and ap-PCR analysis of the osmotolerant yeast population showed two different, major groups. The sequences of the ITS regions and the 5.8S gene of the yeast isolates, previously identified as belonging to different species, were found to be identical. Following the need to develop a genetically marked strain of the yeast C. oleophila, to be used in population dynamics studies, a transformation system for the yeast was developed. Histidine auxotrophy of C. oloephila produced using ethyl methanesulfonate were transformed with plasmids containing HIS3, HIS4 and HIS5 genes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In one mutant histidin auxotrophy was complemented by the HIS5 gene of S. cerevisiae is functionally homologous to the HIS5 gene in V. oleophila. Southern blot analysis showed that the plasmid containing the S. cerevisiae HIS5 gene was integrated at a different location every C. oleophila HIS+ transformant. There were no detectable physiological differences between C. oleophila strain I-182 and the transformants. The biological control ability of C. oleophila was not affected by the transformation. A genetically marked (with b-glucuronidase gene) transformant of C. oleophila colonized wounds on orange fruits and its population increased under field conditions. Effect of preharvest application of the yeast C. oleophila on population dynamics of epiphytic microbial population on wounded and unwounded grapefruit surface in the orchard and after harvest was also studied. In addition, the effect of preharvest application of the yeast C. oleophila on the development of postharvest decay was evaluated. Population studies conducted in the orchard showed that in control, non-treated fruit, colonization of wounded and unwounded grapefruit surface by naturally occurring filamentous fungi did not vary throughout the incubation period on the tree. On the other hand, colonization of intact and wounded fruit surface by naturally occurring yeasts was different. Yeasts colonized wounded surface rapidly and increased in numbers to about two orders of magnitude as compared to unwounded surface. On fruit treated with the yeast and kept on the tree, a different picture of fungal and yeast population had emerged. The detected fungal population on the yeast-treated intact surface was dramatically reduced and in treated wounds no fungi was detected. Yeast population on intact surface was relatively high immediately after the application of AspireTM and decreased to than 70% of that detected initially. In wounds, yeast population increased from 2.5 x 104 to about 4x106 after 72 hours of incubation at 20oC. Results of tests conducted to evaluate the effect of preharvest application of AspireTM on the development of postharvest decay indicated the validity of the approach.

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Clark, D. P. Genetic approach to microbial coal desulfurization: Final report, January 1--December 31, 1988. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6445016.

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Thurston, Alison, Zoe Courville, Lauren Farnsworth, Ross Lieblappen, Shelby Rosten, John Fegyveresi, Stacy Doherty, Robert Jones, and Robyn Barbato. Microscale dynamics between dust and microorganisms in alpine snowpack. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40079.

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Dust particles carry microbial and chemical signatures from source regions to deposition regions. Dust and its occupying microorganisms are incorporated into, and can alter, snowpack physical properties including snow structure and resultant radiative and mechanical properties that in turn affect larger-scale properties, including surrounding hydrology and maneuverability. Microorganisms attached to deposited dust maintain genetic evidence of source substrates and can be potentially used as bio-sensors. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of dust-associated microbial deposition on snowpack and microstructure. As part of this effort, we characterized the microbial communities deposited through dust transport, examined dust provenance, and identified the microscale location and fate of dust within a changing snow matrix. We found dust characteristics varied with deposition event and that dust particles were generally embedded in the snow grains, with a small fraction of the dust particles residing on the exterior of the snow matrix. Dust deposition appears to retard expected late season snow grain growth. Both bacteria and fungi were identified in the collected snow samples.

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Minz, Dror, Stefan J. Green, Noa Sela, Yitzhak Hadar, Janet Jansson, and Steven Lindow. Soil and rhizosphere microbiome response to treated waste water irrigation. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7598153.bard.

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Research objectives : Identify genetic potential and community structure of soil and rhizosphere microbial community structure as affected by treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation. This objective was achieved through the examination soil and rhizosphere microbial communities of plants irrigated with fresh water (FW) and TWW. Genomic DNA extracted from soil and rhizosphere samples (Minz laboratory) was processed for DNA-based shotgun metagenome sequencing (Green laboratory). High-throughput bioinformatics was performed to compare both taxonomic and functional gene (and pathway) differences between sample types (treatment and location). Identify metabolic pathways induced or repressed by TWW irrigation. To accomplish this objective, shotgun metatranscriptome (RNA-based) sequencing was performed. Expressed genes and pathways were compared to identify significantly differentially expressed features between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW. Identify microbial gene functions and pathways affected by TWW irrigation*. To accomplish this objective, we will perform a metaproteome comparison between rhizosphere communities of plants irrigated with FW and TWW and selected soil microbial activities. Integration and evaluation of microbial community function in relation to its structure and genetic potential, and to infer the in situ physiology and function of microbial communities in soil and rhizospere under FW and TWW irrigation regimes. This objective is ongoing due to the need for extensive bioinformatics analysis. As a result of the capabilities of the new PI, we have also been characterizing the transcriptome of the plant roots as affected by the TWW irrigation and comparing the function of the plants to that of the microbiome. *This original objective was not achieved in the course of this study due to technical issues, especially the need to replace the American PIs during the project. However, the fact we were able to analyze more than one plant system as a result of the abilities of the new American PI strengthened the power of the conclusions derived from studies for the 1ˢᵗ and 2ⁿᵈ objectives. Background: As the world population grows, more urban waste is discharged to the environment, and fresh water sources are being polluted. Developing and industrial countries are increasing the use of wastewater and treated wastewater (TWW) for agriculture practice, thus turning the waste product into a valuable resource. Wastewater supplies a year- round reliable source of nutrient-rich water. Despite continuing enhancements in TWW quality, TWW irrigation can still result in unexplained and undesirable effects on crops. In part, these undesirable effects may be attributed to, among other factors, to the effects of TWW on the plant microbiome. Previous studies, including our own, have presented the TWW effect on soil microbial activity and community composition. To the best of our knowledge, however, no comprehensive study yet has been conducted on the microbial population associated BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 2 of 16 BARD Report - Project 4662 Page 3 of 16 with plant roots irrigated with TWW – a critical information gap. In this work, we characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on root-associated microbial community structure and function by using the most innovative tools available in analyzing bacterial community- a combination of microbial marker gene amplicon sequencing, microbial shotunmetagenomics (DNA-based total community and gene content characterization), microbial metatranscriptomics (RNA-based total community and gene content characterization), and plant host transcriptome response. At the core of this research, a mesocosm experiment was conducted to study and characterize the effect of TWW irrigation on tomato and lettuce plants. A focus of this study was on the plant roots, their associated microbial communities, and on the functional activities of plant root-associated microbial communities. We have found that TWW irrigation changes both the soil and root microbial community composition, and that the shift in the plant root microbiome associated with different irrigation was as significant as the changes caused by the plant host or soil type. The change in microbial community structure was accompanied by changes in the microbial community-wide functional potential (i.e., gene content of the entire microbial community, as determined through shotgun metagenome sequencing). The relative abundance of many genes was significantly different in TWW irrigated root microbiome relative to FW-irrigated root microbial communities. For example, the relative abundance of genes encoding for transporters increased in TWW-irrigated roots increased relative to FW-irrigated roots. Similarly, the relative abundance of genes linked to potassium efflux, respiratory systems and nitrogen metabolism were elevated in TWW irrigated roots when compared to FW-irrigated roots. The increased relative abundance of denitrifying genes in TWW systems relative FW systems, suggests that TWW-irrigated roots are more anaerobic compare to FW irrigated root. These gene functional data are consistent with geochemical measurements made from these systems. Specifically, the TWW irrigated soils had higher pH, total organic compound (TOC), sodium, potassium and electric conductivity values in comparison to FW soils. Thus, the root microbiome genetic functional potential can be correlated with pH, TOC and EC values and these factors must take part in the shaping the root microbiome. The expressed functions, as found by the metatranscriptome analysis, revealed many genes that increase in TWW-irrigated plant root microbial population relative to those in the FW-irrigated plants. The most substantial (and significant) were sodium-proton antiporters and Na(+)-translocatingNADH-quinoneoxidoreductase (NQR). The latter protein uses the cell respiratory machinery to harness redox force and convert the energy for efflux of sodium. As the roots and their microbiomes are exposed to the same environmental conditions, it was previously hypothesized that understanding the soil and rhizospheremicrobiome response will shed light on natural processes in these niches. This study demonstrate how newly available tools can better define complex processes and their downstream consequences, such as irrigation with water from different qualities, and to identify primary cues sensed by the plant host irrigated with TWW. From an agricultural perspective, many common practices are complicated processes with many ‘moving parts’, and are hard to characterize and predict. Multiple edaphic and microbial factors are involved, and these can react to many environmental cues. These complex systems are in turn affected by plant growth and exudation, and associated features such as irrigation, fertilization and use of pesticides. However, the combination of shotgun metagenomics, microbial shotgun metatranscriptomics, plant transcriptomics, and physical measurement of soil characteristics provides a mechanism for integrating data from highly complex agricultural systems to eventually provide for plant physiological response prediction and monitoring. BARD Report

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Papoutsakis, Eleftherios. Engineering Complex Microbial Phenotypes with Continuous Genetic Integration and Plasmid Based Multi-Gene Library. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada548874.

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Sorensen, Soren J. Importance of Mobile Genetic Elements and Conjugal Gene Transfer for Subsurface Microbial Community Adaptation to Biotransformation of Metals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893590.

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Sorensen, Soren J. Importance of Mobile Genetic Elements and Conjugal Gene Transfer for Subsurface Microbial Community Adaptation to Biotransformation of Metals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/893687.

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Orphan, Victoria, Gene Tyson, Christof Meile, Shawn McGlynn, Hang Yu, Grayson Chadwick, Jeffrey Marlow, et al. Systems Level Dissection of Anaerobic Methane Cycling: Quantitative Measurements of Single Cell Ecophysiology, Genetic Mechanisms, and Microbial Interactions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1414771.

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Singh, Anjali. What Is Optogenetics and How Does It Work? ConductScience, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/cs20220704.

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Optogenetics is a biotechnological method that combines optical systems and genetic engineering to control and monitor the functions of cells, tissues, and organisms. It involves using light-sensitive proteins called opsins to manipulate specific cells or regions with precision. This technique has revolutionized neuroscience, allowing researchers to study neural circuits and behavior by turning cells on and off. Opsins are categorized into microbial and animal types, each with specific functions. Optogenetic experiments require opsins, suitable plasmids or viral vectors, and a light source. This method has broad applications in neurology, animal behavior, and physiology, providing insights into various biological processes. It is used to map neural circuits, study diseases, and understand behaviors.

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