Journal articles: 'Microbial exopolysaccharides'

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Wackett, Lawrence P. "Microbial exopolysaccharides." Environmental Microbiology 11, no. 3 (March 2009): 729–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01894.x.

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PIROG, T. P. "NON-TRADITIONAL PRODUCERS OF MICROBIAL EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES." Biotechnologia Acta 11, no. 4 (August 2018): 5–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/biotech11.04.005.

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Sutherland, Ian W. "Polysaccharases for microbial exopolysaccharides." Carbohydrate Polymers 38, no. 4 (April 1999): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8617(98)00114-3.

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Kennedy, John F., and Haroldo C. B. Paula. "Biotechnology of microbial exopolysaccharides." Carbohydrate Polymers 15, no. 2 (January 1991): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-8617(91)90037-d.

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Tabernero, Antonio, and Stefano Cardea. "Microbial Exopolysaccharides as Drug Carriers." Polymers 12, no. 9 (September 19, 2020): 2142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092142.

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Microbial exopolysaccharides are peculiar polymers that are produced by living organisms and protect them against environmental factors. These polymers are industrially recovered from the medium culture after performing a fermentative process. These materials are biocompatible and biodegradable, possessing specific and beneficial properties for biomedical drug delivery systems. They can have antitumor activity, they can produce hydrogels with different characteristics due to their molecular structure and functional groups, and they can even produce nanoparticles via a self-assembly phenomenon. This review studies the potential use of exopolysaccharides as carriers for drug delivery systems, covering their versatility and their vast possibilities to produce particles, fibers, scaffolds, hydrogels, and aerogels with different strategies and methodologies. Moreover, the main properties of exopolysaccharides are explained, providing information to achieve an adequate carrier selection depending on the final application.

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Madhuri, K., and K. Prabhakar. "Microbial Exopolysaccharides: Biosynthesis and Potential Applications." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 30, no. 3 (September 26, 2014): 1401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/300362.

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Yildiz, Hilal, and Neva Karatas. "Microbial exopolysaccharides: Resources and bioactive properties." Process Biochemistry 72 (September 2018): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2018.06.009.

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Sutherland, Ian W. "Structure-function relationships in microbial exopolysaccharides." Biotechnology Advances 12, no. 2 (January 1994): 393–448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0734-9750(94)90018-3.

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Cázares-Vásquez, Martha L., Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera, Cristóbal N. Aguilar-González, Aidé Sáenz-Galindo, José Fernando Solanilla-Duque, Juan Carlos Contreras-Esquivel, and Adriana C. Flores-Gallegos. "Microbial Exopolysaccharides in Traditional Mexican Fermented Beverages." Fermentation 7, no. 4 (October 30, 2021): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7040249.

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Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are biopolymers produced by many microorganisms, including some species of the genus Acetobacter, Bacillus, Fructobacillus, Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, Lactiplantibacillus, Pediococcus, Pichia, Rhodotorula, Saccharomycodes, Schizosaccharomyces, and Sphingomonas, which have been reported in the microbiota of traditional fermented beverages. Dextran, levan, glucan, gellan, and cellulose, among others, are EPS produced by these genera. Extracellular biopolymers are responsible for contributing to specific characteristics to fermented products, such as modifying their organoleptic properties or contributing to biological activities. However, EPS can be easily found in the dairy industry, where they affect rheological properties in products such as yogurt or cheese, among others. Over the years, LAB has been recognized as good starter strains in spontaneous fermentation, as they can contribute beneficial properties to the final product in conjunction with yeasts. To the best our knowledge, several articles have reported that the EPS produced by LAB and yeasts possess many both biological and technological properties that can be influenced by many factors in which fermentation occurs. Therefore, this review presents traditional Mexican fermented beverages (tavern, tuba, sotol, and aguamiel) and relates them to the microbial EPS, which affect biological and techno-functional activities.

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Jaiswal, Pallavi, Rohit Sharma, Bhagwan Singh Sanodiya, and Prakash Singh Bisen. "Microbial Exopolysaccharides: Natural Modulators of Dairy Products." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 4, no. 10 (October 30, 2014): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.7324/japs.2014.401019.

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Rougeaux, Hélène, Muriel Guezennec, Lydie Mao Che, Claude Payri, Eric Deslandes, and Jean Guezennec. "Microbial Communities and Exopolysaccharides from Polynesian Mats." Marine Biotechnology 3, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101260000063.

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Sutherland, I. W. "Microbial exopolysaccharides - structural subtleties and their consequences." Pure and Applied Chemistry 69, no. 9 (January 1, 1997): 1911–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199769091911.

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Suryawanshi, Nisha, Sweta Naik, and Satya Eswari Jujjawarapu. "Exopolysaccharides and their Applications in Food Processing Industries." Food Science and Applied Biotechnology 5, no. 1 (March 18, 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30721/fsab2022.v5.i1.165.

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Production of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) has been reported in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Microbial exopolysaccharides have increased interest as another category of microbial products utilized in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and food industries. Investigators are considering replacing synthetic food stabilizers with organic ones by investigating EPS in fermentation-based dairy industries. Particularly for the enhancement of the rheology of fermented food items, EPS is being used. EPSs are considered a natural texturizer and a good alternative for other artificial or new biopolymers utilized in foodstuff as a gelling agent and for suspending and thickening food. These EPS are used abundantly in fermented food and dairy industrials for quality improvement. The main microbial exopolysaccharides viz. dextran, xanthan, pullulan, gellan, curdlan, and scleroglucan have a versatile reputation and various food processing applications in industries. The review discusses the distinctive physical properties of EPSs that mainly determine their application in food industries and the health benefits of EPSs.

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Pirog, T., M. Yarosh, and A. Voronenko. "Synthesis of microbial exopolysaccharides on non-traditional substrates." Scientific Works of National University of Food Technologies 27, no. 1 (February 2021): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24263/2225-2924-2021-27-1-6.

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Basiri, Sara. "Applications of Microbial Exopolysaccharides in the Food Industry." Avicenna Journal of Medical Biochemistry 9, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ajmb.2021.16.

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Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are high molecular weight polysaccharides secreted by microorganisms in the surrounding environment. In addition to the favorable benefits of these compounds for microorganisms, including microbial cell protection, they are used in various food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Investigating the functional and health-promoting characteristics of microbial EPS, identifying the isolation method of these valuable compounds, and their applications in the food industry are the objectives of this study. EPS are used in food industries as thickeners, gelling agents, viscosifiers, and film formers. The antioxidative, anticancer, prebiotic, and cholesterol-lowering effects of some of these compounds make it possible to use them in functional food production.

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Madhuri, K. Venkata, and K. Vidya Prabhakar. "Recent Trends in the Characterization of Microbial Exopolysaccharides." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 30, no. 2 (June 29, 2014): 895–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/300271.

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Hernandez-Mena, Roy, and Patric L. Friend. "Analysis of microbial exopolysaccharides from industrial water systems." Journal of Industrial Microbiology 12, no. 2 (February 1993): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01569910.

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SUTHERLAND, I. W. "ChemInform Abstract: Structure-Function Relationships in Microbial Exopolysaccharides." ChemInform 26, no. 4 (August 18, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199504306.

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Niknezhad, Seyyed Vahid, Ghasem Najafpour Darzi, Sedigheh Kianpour, Sina Jafarzadeh, Hamidreza Mohammadi, Younes Ghasemi, Reza Heidari, and Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi. "Bacteria-assisted biogreen synthesis of radical scavenging exopolysaccharide–iron complexes: an oral nano-sized nutritional supplement with high in vivo compatibility." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 7, no. 34 (2019): 5211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb01077g.

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Microbial exopolysaccharides have recently served as an efficient substrate for the production of biocompatible metal nanoparticles given their favorable stabilizing and reducing properties given their favorable stabilizing and reducing properties.

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Snarr, Brendan D., Perrin Baker, Natalie C. Bamford, Yukiko Sato, Hong Liu, Mélanie Lehoux, Fabrice N. Gravelat, et al. "Microbial glycoside hydrolases as antibiofilm agents with cross-kingdom activity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 27 (June 20, 2017): 7124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1702798114.

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Galactosaminogalactan and Pel are cationic heteropolysaccharides produced by the opportunistic pathogens Aspergillus fumigatus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. These exopolysaccharides both contain 1,4-linked N-acetyl-d-galactosamine and play an important role in biofilm formation by these organisms. Proteins containing glycoside hydrolase domains have recently been identified within the biosynthetic pathway of each exopolysaccharide. Recombinant hydrolase domains from these proteins (Sph3h from A. fumigatus and PelAh from P. aeruginosa) were found to degrade their respective polysaccharides in vitro. We therefore hypothesized that these glycoside hydrolases could exhibit antibiofilm activity and, further, given the chemical similarity between galactosaminogalactan and Pel, that they might display cross-species activity. Treatment of A. fumigatus with Sph3h disrupted A. fumigatus biofilms with an EC50 of 0.4 nM. PelAh treatment also disrupted preformed A. fumigatus biofilms with EC50 values similar to those obtained for Sph3h. In contrast, Sph3h was unable to disrupt P. aeruginosa Pel-based biofilms, despite being able to bind to the exopolysaccharide. Treatment of A. fumigatus hyphae with either Sph3h or PelAh significantly enhanced the activity of the antifungals posaconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin, likely through increasing antifungal penetration of hyphae. Both enzymes were noncytotoxic and protected A549 pulmonary epithelial cells from A. fumigatus-induced cell damage for up to 24 h. Intratracheal administration of Sph3h was well tolerated and reduced pulmonary fungal burden in a neutropenic mouse model of invasive aspergillosis. These findings suggest that glycoside hydrolases can exhibit activity against diverse microorganisms and may be useful as therapeutic agents by degrading biofilms and attenuating virulence.

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Ostapska, Hanna, P. Lynne Howell, and Donald C. Sheppard. "Deacetylated microbial biofilm exopolysaccharides: It pays to be positive." PLOS Pathogens 14, no. 12 (December 27, 2018): e1007411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007411.

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Rana, Sonali, and Lata Sheo Bachan Upadhyay. "Microbial exopolysaccharides: Synthesis pathways, types and their commercial applications." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 157 (August 2020): 577–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.084.

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Chaisuwan, Worraprat, Kittisak Jantanasakulwong, Sutee Wangtueai, Yuthana Phimolsiripol, Thanongsak Chaiyaso, Charin Techapun, Suphat Phongthai, SangGuan You, Joe M. Regenstein, and Phisit Seesuriyachan. "Microbial exopolysaccharides for immune enhancement: Fermentation, modifications and bioactivities." Food Bioscience 35 (June 2020): 100564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100564.

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Barcelos, Mayara C. S., Kele A. C. Vespermann, Franciele M. Pelissari, and Gustavo Molina. "Current status of biotechnological production and applications of microbial exopolysaccharides." Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 60, no. 9 (February 11, 2019): 1475–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2019.1575791.

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Mazor, Gideon, Giora J. Kidron, Ahuva Vonshak, and Aharon Abeliovich. "The role of cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides in structuring desert microbial crusts." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 21, no. 2 (October 1996): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00339.x.

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Ha, Juyoung, Carmen Cordova, Tae-Hyun Yoon, Alfred M. Spormann, and Gordon E. Brown. "Microbial reduction of hematite: Effects of particle size and exopolysaccharides." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70, no. 18 (August 2006): A221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.446.

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Shukla, Arpit, Krina Mehta, Jignesh Parmar, Jaimin Pandya, and Meenu Saraf. "Depicting the exemplary knowledge of microbial exopolysaccharides in a nutshell." European Polymer Journal 119 (October 2019): 298–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.07.044.

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Donot, F., A. Fontana, J. C. Baccou, and S. Schorr-Galindo. "Microbial exopolysaccharides: Main examples of synthesis, excretion, genetics and extraction." Carbohydrate Polymers 87, no. 2 (January 2012): 951–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.083.

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Staninska-Pięta, Justyna, Jakub Czarny, Agnieszka Piotrowska-Cyplik, Wojciech Juzwa, Łukasz Wolko, Jacek Nowak, and Paweł Cyplik. "Heavy Metals as a Factor Increasing the Functional Genetic Potential of Bacterial Community for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Biodegradation." Molecules 25, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020319.

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The bioremediation of areas contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds and heavy metals is challenging due to the synergistic toxic effects of these contaminants. On the other hand, the phenomenon of the induction of microbial secretion of exopolysaccharides (EPS) under the influence of heavy metals may contribute to affect the interaction between hydrophobic hydrocarbons and microbial cells, thus increasing the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic pollutants. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of heavy metals on the changes in the metapopulation structure of an environmental consortium, with particular emphasis on the number of copies of orthologous genes involved in exopolysaccharide synthesis pathways and the biodegradation of hydrocarbons. The results of the experiment confirmed that the presence of heavy metals at concentrations of 50 mg·L−1 and 150 mg·L−1 resulted in a decrease in the metabolic activity of the microbial consortium and its biodiversity. Despite this, an increase in the biological degradation rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was noted of 17.9% and 16.9%, respectively. An assessment of the estimated number of genes crucial for EPS synthesis and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons confirmed the relationship between the activation of EPS synthesis pathways and polyaromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation pathways. It was established that microorganisms that belong to the Burkholderiales order are characterized by a high representation of the analyzed orthologs and high application potential in areas contaminated with heavy metals and hydrocarbons.

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Sutherland, I. W. "Exopolysaccharides in biofilms, flocs and related structures." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 6 (March 1, 2001): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0345.

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In biofilms, flocs and similar multispecies microbial communities, exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are always present, frequently as the major component other than water. The EPSs vary widely in their composition, structure and properties and thus it is impossible to generalise about their contribution to biofilm or floc structure. Relatively few of the polymers obtained from biofilms and flocs have been adequately purified and analysed but such evidence as is so far available suggests that the polysaccharides closely resemble those synthesised by the corresponding planktonic bacteria. From a knowledge of the physical properties of these, it is now possible to present a reasonably accurate picture of some of the factors which they may contribute to the structure and stability of complex aggregates of micro-organisms in biofilms and flocs.

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Cheba, Ben Amar, and H. M. A. Abdelzaher. "Chetoui Olive Cultivar Rhizosphere: Potential Reservoir for Exoenzymes and Exopolysaccharides Producing Bacteria." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 14, no. 4 (November 16, 2020): 2569–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.14.4.32.

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Rhizospheric soils from cultivated olive (Olea europaea) trees of Chemlali, Chetoui, Quaissi, and Djalat cultivars were assessed for their bacterial abundance and diversity and were further screened for production of exopolysaccharides and exoenzymes (cellulase, chitinase, amylase, protease, lipase, and peroxidase). The results of the present study indicate that Chetoui cultivar revealed higher diversity, followed by Chemlali > Quaissi > Djalat, wherein, bacilli, enteric bacteria, and pseudomonads were abundantly present as specific bacterial groups associated with the Chetoui rhizosphere. Moreover, the exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacteria of Chetoui cultivar (68.4%) presented the highest efficiency, followed by Djalat (23.5%) > Chemlali (7 %) > Quaissi (1%). These results revealed that the Chetoui cultivar presented highest enzyme activities, followed by Chemlali > Djalat > Quaissi, with a distinct abundance of peroxidase- and chitinase-producing bacteria, which may play a pivotal role in adapting olives to the environmental stresses. From this preliminary study, we confirmed that olive rhizosphere microbial diversity is essentially driven by the geographical origin and genotype of olive cultivars. Furthermore, we recommended the Chetoui olive cultivar rhizosphere as a potential reservoir for exoenzyme- and EPS-producing bacteria useful for future biotechnological applications.

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Ascencio, Jesús J., Rafael R. Philippini, Fabricio M. Gomes, Félix M. Pereira, Silvio S. da Silva, Vinod Kumar, and Anuj K. Chandel. "Comparative Highly Efficient Production of β-glucan by Lasiodiplodia theobromae CCT 3966 and Its Multiscale Characterization." Fermentation 7, no. 3 (July 7, 2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030108.

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Lasiodiplodan, a (1→6)-β-d-glucan, is an exopolysaccharide with high commercial value and many applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Current industrial production of β-glucans from crops is mostly by chemical routes generating hazardous and toxic waste. Therefore, alternative sustainable and eco-friendly pathways are highly desirable. Here, we have studied the lasiodiplodan production from sugarcane bagasse (SCB), a major lignocellulosic agricultural residue, by Lasiodiplodia theobromae CCT 3966. Lasiodiplodan accumulated on SCB hydrolysate (carbon source) supplemented with soybean bran or rice bran (nitrogen source) was 16.2 [6.8 × 103 Da] and 22.0 [7.6 × 103 Da] g/L, respectively. Lasiodiplodan showed high purity, low solubility, pseudoplastic behavior and was composed of glucose units. Moreover, the exopolysaccharides were substantially amorphous with moderate thermal stability and similar degradation temperatures. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the highest production of SCB-based lasiodiplodan to date. L. theobromae, as a microbial cell factory, demonstrated the commercial potential for the sustainable production of lasiodiplodan from renewable biomass feedstock.

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Votselko, S. K., T. P. Pirog, Y. R. Malashenko, and T. A. Grinberg. "A method for determining the mass-molecular composition of microbial exopolysaccharides." Journal of Microbiological Methods 18, no. 4 (December 1993): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-7012(93)90016-b.

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Andrew, Monic, and Gurunathan Jayaraman. "Structural features of microbial exopolysaccharides in relation to their antioxidant activity." Carbohydrate Research 487 (January 2020): 107881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carres.2019.107881.

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Richert, Laurent, Stjepko Golubic, Roland Le Guédès, Jacqueline Ratiskol, Claude Payri, and Jean Guezennec. "Characterization of Exopolysaccharides Produced by Cyanobacteria Isolated from Polynesian Microbial Mats." Current Microbiology 51, no. 6 (October 25, 2005): 379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-005-0069-z.

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Zhao, Jie-Yu, Shuang Geng, Lian Xu, Bing Hu, Ji-Quan Sun, Yong Nie, Yue-Qin Tang, and Xiao-Lei Wu. "Complete genome sequence of Defluviimonas alba cai42T, a microbial exopolysaccharides producer." Journal of Biotechnology 239 (December 2016): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.09.017.

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Abbasi, Amin, Tina Rahbar Saadat, and Yalda Rahbar Saadat. "Microbial exopolysaccharides–β-glucans–as promising postbiotic candidates in vaccine adjuvants." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 223 (December 2022): 346–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.003.

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Rossi, Federico, and Roberto De Philippis. "Role of Cyanobacterial Exopolysaccharides in Phototrophic Biofilms and in Complex Microbial Mats." Life 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2015): 1218–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life5021218.

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Mancuso Nichols, Carol A., Kate M. Nairn, Veronica Glattauer, Susan I. Blackburn, John A. M. Ramshaw, and Lloyd D. Graham. "Screening Microalgal Cultures in Search of Microbial Exopolysaccharides with Potential as Adhesives." Journal of Adhesion 85, no. 2-3 (May 4, 2009): 97–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00218460902782071.

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Tabernero, Antonio, and Stefano Cardea. "Supercritical carbon dioxide techniques for processing microbial exopolysaccharides used in biomedical applications." Materials Science and Engineering: C 112 (July 2020): 110940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.110940.

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Kaur, Ishpreet, and Charu Sharma. "A Review: Role of Bacterial Exopolysaccharides in Biofilm Formation." Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 1, no. 3 (August 31, 2022): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/jrasb.1.3.29.

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Biofilms are a group of microbial cells that are attached to various abiotic or living surfaces and submerged in an extracellular polymeric substance produced by these microorganisms. Biofilm-producing bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics compared to planktonic cells and that is why nowadays, for the removal of pharmaceuticals from the environment biofilms are used. The presence of various substances in water sources is a major concern these days because it was observed that continuous accumulation of these active compounds in water causes harm to various aquatic organisms. Therefore, removal of these antibiotics from water bodies is compulsory and for this biofilm-producing bacteria are used in various studies. This review aims to determine that compared to planktonic cells, how bacterial biofilms are more effective for bioremediation of antibiotics from the environment.

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Kryzhak, L., and H. Kalinina. "Metabiotics - development of probiotic concept." Tehnologìâ virobnictva ì pererobki produktìv tvarinnictva, no. 1(170) (June 24, 2022): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9289-2022-170-1-135-142.

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The urgency of development of technology of synbiotic dairy products with metabolites on the basis of microbial consortia of probiotic bacteria is substantiated in the article. The choice of fermentation crops with high biotechnological potential, manufactured by «BIOPROX», is substantiated. Prebiotic components of plant origin with vitamin-mineral complexes – «Flaxseed oil», «Blue iodine» and «Selenium» are involved as energy-biotics. The optimal ratio of fermentation cultures and exopolysaccharides was studied; dynamics of accumulation of bacteria at regulated temperatures; duration of fermentation; physico-chemical parameters of the obtained products. The ratio of fermentation compositions containing microbial consortia for the production of fermented milk products is substantiated: - «Biolon»: Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis biovar diacetylactis, Streptococcus thermophiles, Lactobacillus bulgaricus in the ratio 0.8: 1: 1.2 (dietary supplement «Flax») at the initial concentration of all cultures in milk formulas 1 · 108 CFU / cm3; - «Bioiod» : Streptococcus thermophiles, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis, Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis biovar diacetylactis in the ratio 1: 2.5: 2 (BAA "Iodine") at the initial concentration of all cultures in milk formulas 1 · 108 CFU / cm3; - «Bioselen»: Lactococcus lactis subsp lactis, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, Streptococcus thermophiles, Lactobacillus helveticus in the ratio 2: 1: 1 (BAA «Selenium») at the initial concentration of all cultures in milk formulas 1 · 108 CFU / cm3 are substantiated. The expediency of enriching milk formulas with biologically active additives has been established:flaxseed oil - 1.2%; blue iodine - 2.0% and selenium - 1.0%; for obtaining the highest concentrations of probiotic cells in the created new synbiotic dairy products. Key words: probiotics, prebiotics, metabolites, microbial consortia, exopolysaccharide potentials, biologically active additive, fermented milk product.

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Lammerts van Bueren, Alicia, Aakanksha Saraf, Eric C. Martens, and Lubbert Dijkhuizen. "Differential Metabolism of Exopolysaccharides from Probiotic Lactobacilli by the Human Gut Symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 12 (April 3, 2015): 3973–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00149-15.

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ABSTRACTProbiotic microorganisms are ingested as food or supplements and impart positive health benefits to consumers. Previous studies have indicated that probiotics transiently reside in the gastrointestinal tract and, in addition to modulating commensal species diversity, increase the expression of genes for carbohydrate metabolism in resident commensal bacterial species. In this study, it is demonstrated that the human gut commensal speciesBacteroides thetaiotaomicronefficiently metabolizes fructan exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesized by probioticLactobacillus reuteristrain 121 while only partially degrading reuteran and isomalto/malto-polysaccharide (IMMP) α-glucan EPS polymers.B. thetaiotaomicronmetabolized these EPS molecules via the activation of enzymes and transport systems encoded by dedicated polysaccharide utilization loci specific for β-fructans and α-glucans. Reduced metabolism of reuteran and IMMP α-glucan EPS molecules may be due to reduced substrate binding by components of the starch utilization system (sus). This study reveals that microbial EPS substrates activate genes for carbohydrate metabolism inB. thetaiotaomicronand suggests that microbially derived carbohydrates provide a carbohydrate-rich reservoir forB. thetaiotaomicronnutrient acquisition in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Zisu, B., and N. P. Shah. "Low-Fat Mozzarella as Influenced by Microbial Exopolysaccharides, Preacidification, and Whey Protein Concentrate." Journal of Dairy Science 88, no. 6 (June 2005): 1973–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(05)72873-3.

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Ignatova-Ivanova, Tsveteslava, and Radoslav Ivanov. "Exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria as corrosion inhibitors." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 3, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asn-2016-0008.

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Abstract Bacterial EPSs (exopolysaccharides) are believed to play an important role in the environment by promoting survival strategies such as bacterial attachment to surfaces and nutrient trapping, which facilitate processes of biofilm formation and development. These microbial biofilms have been implicated in corrosion of metals, bacterial attachment to prosthetic devices, fouling of heat exchange surfaces, toxicant immobilization, and fouling of ship hulls. In this paper, data on EPS production and the effect of EPS on corrosion of steel produced by Lactobacillus sp. are presented and discussed. Lactobacillus delbrueckii K27, Lactobacillus delbrueckii B8, Lactobacillus delbrueckii KO43, Lactobacillus delbrueckii K3, Lactobacillus delbrueckii K15 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii K17 was obtained from Collection of Department of General and Applied Microbiology, Sofia University. It was tested for its ability to produce exopolysaccharides when cultivated in a media containing 10% sucrose, 10% lacose and 10% maltose. The study of the corrosive stability of steel samples was conducted on the gravimetrique method. The rate of corrosion, the degree of protection, and coefficient of protection have been calculated. The structure of layer over steel plates was analysed by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) JSM 5510. It could be underlined that 10% sucrose, 10% lactose and 10% maltose in the media stimulated the process of protection of corrosion.

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SAFONOVA, M. A., and N. A. GOLOVNYOVA. "ADHESION FACTORS OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AND BIFIDOBACTERIA." Микробные биотехнологии: фундаментальные и прикладные аспекты 13 (October 21, 2021): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/2226-3136-2021-13-103-118.

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The review presents data on adhesive and biofilm-generating capacity of lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria, promoting microbial colonization of gastrointestinal tract and their application as constituents of probiotics. The structural elements involved in adhesion include pili-like formations, cell surface proteins (adhesins, S-layer proteins, moonlighting proteins), exopolysaccharides, lipoteichoic and teichoic acids. Methods of studying the adhesive properties of bacteria and the main environmental factors affecting the expression of genes engaged in the mechanism of adhesion have been considered.

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Milstein, O., A. Haars, F. Krause, and A. Hüttermann. "Decrease of Pollutant Level of Bleaching Effluents and Winning Valuable Products by Successive Flocculation and Microbial Growth." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 3-4 (August 1, 1991): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0476.

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The bulk of organic matter from spent bleaching effluent (SBE), either from chlorination and extraction stages or a mixture of both, can be precipitated with polycationic polymers. The mixtures of polyethy-lenimine and modified (containing cationic side groups) starches, can precipitate from bleaching effluent about 75% of adsorbable organic chlorine (AOX), 59% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 80% of colour. These mixtures contained less polyimine in comparison to when polyimine was used aline thus saving material costs. After removal of chloroorganics of high molecular mass by precipitation growth of microorganisms in SBE was facilitated. The supernatant of the treated SBE supplemented with glucose and ammonium sulfate supported active growth of fungi from different genera, particularly from Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Basidiomycetes, Aureobasidium. The fungi tested showed appreciable degradation activity regarding monochlorophenols,as well as additional reduction of AOX. During the growth in the treated SBE, Aureobasidiumpullulans decreased the content of AOX remaining after precipitation, and at the same time synthesized and excreted in a surrounding media exopolysaccharides. Pullulan, synthesized in appreciable level by Aureobasidium sp, could easily be isolated from the media. Isolated exopolysaccharides did not contain organochlorine. Fungal polysaccharides synthesized in SBE might be considered as an additional benefit that eventually will be able to reduce further the running costs of the SBE treatment.

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Garcia-Sanchez, Angela M., Bernardino Machado-Moreira, Mário Freire, Ricardo Santos, Sílvia Monteiro, Diamantino Dias, Orquídia Neves, Amélia Dionísio, and Ana Z. Miller. "Characterization of Microbial Communities Associated with Ceramic Raw Materials as Potential Contributors for the Improvement of Ceramic Rheological Properties." Minerals 9, no. 5 (May 23, 2019): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9050316.

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Technical ceramics are being widely employed in the electric power, medical and engineering industries because of their thermal and mechanical properties, as well as their high resistance qualities. The manufacture of technical ceramic components involves complex processes, including milling and stirring of raw materials in aqueous solutions, spray drying and dry pressing. In general, the spray-dried powders exhibit an important degree of variability in their performance when subjected to dry-pressing, which affects the efficiency of the manufacturing process. Commercial additives, such as deflocculants, biocides, antifoam agents, binders, lubricants and plasticizers are thus applied to ceramic slips. Several bacterial and fungal species naturally occurring in ceramic raw materials, such as Sphingomonas, Aspergillus and Aureobasidium, are known to produce exopolysaccharides. These extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) may confer unique and potentially interesting properties on ceramic slips, including viscosity control, gelation, and flocculation. In this study, the microbial communities present in clay raw materials were identified by both culture methods and DNA-based analyses to select potential EPS producers based on the scientific literature for further assays based on the use of EPS for enhancing the performance of technical ceramics. Potential exopolysaccharide producers were identified in all samples, such as Sphingomonas sp., Pseudomonas xanthomarina, P. stutzeri, P. koreensis, Acinetobacter lwoffi, Bacillus altitudinis and Micrococcus luteus, among bacteria. Five fungi (Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Acremonium persicinum and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) were also identified as potential EPS producers.

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Petrova, Penka, Ivan Ivanov, Lidia Tsigoriyna, Nadezhda Valcheva, Evgenia Vasileva, Tsvetomila Parvanova-Mancheva, Alexander Arsov, and Kaloyan Petrov. "Traditional Bulgarian Dairy Products: Ethnic Foods with Health Benefits." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030480.

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The reported health effects of fermented dairy foods, which are traditionally manufactured in Bulgaria, are connected with their microbial biodiversity. The screening and development of probiotic starters for dairy products with unique properties are based exclusively on the isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacterial (LAB) strains. This study aims to systematically describe the LAB microbial content of artisanal products such as Bulgarian-type yoghurt, white brined cheese, kashkaval, koumiss, kefir, katak, and the Rhodope’s brano mliako. The original technologies for their preparation preserve the valuable microbial content and improve their nutritional and probiotic qualities. This review emphasises the features of LAB starters and the autochthonous microflora, the biochemistry of dairy food production, and the approaches for achieving the fortification of the foods with prebiotics, bioactive peptides (ACE2-inhibitors, bacteriocins, cyclic peptides with antimicrobial activity), immunomodulatory exopolysaccharides, and other metabolites (indol-3-propionic acid, free amino acids, antioxidants, prebiotics) with reported beneficial effects on human health. The link between the microbial content of dairy foods and the healthy human microbiome is highlighted.

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Zijlstra, R. T., T. Vasanthan, J. Wu, and M. G. Gaenzle. "29 Nutritional Interventions for Intestinal Health of Nursery Pigs: Carbohydrates." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (April 12, 2022): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.015.

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Abstract In swine production, using feed antibiotics as antimicrobial growth promotants has been reduced; thus, feed alternatives to manage gut health are required to prevent post-weaning diarrhea. Dietary fiber, resistant starch, oligosaccharides, and exopolysaccharides are carbohydrates that together with glycoproteins are nutritional tools that may be part of managing gut health in pigs. Antibiotics are hypothesized to influence gut health via modulation of intestinal microbial profiles; fermentation and intestinal inflammation are considered important mechanisms. Dietary fiber is an alternative, but its sources differ in at least 2 key properties: fermentability and viscosity. Rapid fermentation of fiber and oligosaccharides is associated with changes in microbial profiles and increased metabolite production. Recently, microbial composition was hypothesized to be less important and combined output of metabolites should be the focus. Increased viscosity has been associated with increased gut content of virulence factors that are linked with diarrhea. Fiber properties may also manipulate retention time and physico-chemical properties of the undigested residue. Starch is mostly digested and absorbed as glucose. However, resistant starch is not digested and acts as fermentable fiber but has unique properties, because it specifically increases intestinal abundance of bifidobacteria that are associated with improved gut health. Feed ingredients and some feed additives influence kinetics of fermentation and have prebiotic activity. Their kinetics of fermentation should be quantified so that it can be considered in feed formulation. Finally, exopolysaccharides from Limosilactobacillus reuteri and unique oligosaccharides and glycoprotein may serve as receptor analogues for pathogenic bacteria, e.g., enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). These receptor analogues block lectin domains of bacterial adhesins and thus prevent adherence of pathogens to the gut wall, thereby avoiding initiation of post-weaning diarrhea. In conclusion, dietary fiber and other carbohydrates may be important solutions to maintain gut health when antibiotics are removed as growth promotants from swine feeds.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Microbial exopolysaccharides'

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