We are proudly a Ukrainian website. Our country was attacked by Russian Armed Forces on Feb. 24, 2022.
You can support the Ukrainian Army by following the link: https://u24.gov.ua/.
Even the smallest donation is hugely appreciated!
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Microbial behavior.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Microbial behavior":
1
Sismaet, Hunter J., and Edgar D. Goluch. "Electrochemical Probes of Microbial Community Behavior." Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry 11, no. 1 (June 12, 2018): 441–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125627.
Advances in next-generation sequencing technology along with decreasing costs now allow the microbial population, or microbiome, of a location to be determined relatively quickly. This research reveals that microbial communities are more diverse and complex than ever imagined. New and specialized instrumentation is required to investigate, with high spatial and temporal resolution, the dynamic biochemical environment that is created by microbes, which allows them to exist in every corner of the Earth. This review describes how electrochemical probes and techniques are being used and optimized to learn about microbial communities. Described approaches include voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy, separation techniques coupled with electrochemical detection, and arrays of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits. Microbial communities also interact with and influence their surroundings; therefore, the review also includes a discussion of how electrochemical probes optimized for microbial analysis are utilized in healthcare diagnostics and environmental monitoring applications.
2
Tagkopoulos, I., Y. C. Liu, and S. Tavazoie. "Predictive Behavior within Microbial Genetic Networks." Topologica 2, no. 1 (2009): 018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3731/topologica.2.018.
Tagkopoulos, I., Y. C. Liu, and S. Tavazoie. "Predictive Behavior Within Microbial Genetic Networks." Science 320, no. 5881 (June 6, 2008): 1313–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1154456.
Moeller, Andrew H., Steffen Foerster, Michael L. Wilson, Anne E. Pusey, Beatrice H. Hahn, and Howard Ochman. "Social behavior shapes the chimpanzee pan-microbiome." Science Advances 2, no. 1 (January 2016): e1500997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1500997.
Animal sociality facilitates the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms among hosts, but the extent to which sociality enables animals’ beneficial microbial associations is poorly understood. The question is critical because microbial communities, particularly those in the gut, are key regulators of host health. We show evidence that chimpanzee social interactions propagate microbial diversity in the gut microbiome both within and between host generations. Frequent social interaction promotes species richness within individual microbiomes as well as homogeneity among the gut community memberships of different chimpanzees. Sampling successive generations across multiple chimpanzee families suggests that infants inherited gut microorganisms primarily through social transmission. These results indicate that social behavior generates a pan-microbiome, preserving microbial diversity across evolutionary time scales and contributing to the evolution of host species–specific gut microbial communities.
6
Xiao, Shuhai, Zhe Chen, Chuanming Zhou, and Xunlai Yuan. "Surfing in and on microbial mats: Oxygen-related behavior of a terminal Ediacaran bilaterian animal." Geology 47, no. 11 (September 23, 2019): 1054–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g46474.1.
Abstract Geochemical evidence suggests that terminal Ediacaran (ca. 551–539 Ma) oceans experienced expansive anoxia and dynamic redox conditions, which are expected to have impacted animal distribution and behaviors. However, fossil evidence for oxygen-related behaviors of terminal Ediacaran animals is poorly documented. Here, we report a terminal Ediacaran trace fossil that records redox-regulated behaviors. This trace fossil, Yichnus levis new ichnogenus and new ichnospecies, consists of short and uniserially aligned segments of horizontal burrows that are closely associated with microbial mats. Thin-section analysis shows that the trace-making animal moved repeatedly in and out of microbial mats, with mat-burrowing intervals interspersed by epibenthic intermissions. This animal is hypothesized to have been a bilaterian exploring an oxygen oasis in microbial mats. Such intermittent burrowing behavior reflects challenging and dynamic redox conditions in both the water column and microbial mats, highlighting the close relationship between terminal Ediacaran animals and redox dynamics.
7
Moletta, Marina, Nathalie Wery, Jean-Philippe Delgenes, and Jean-Jacques Godon. "Microbial characteristics of biogas." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 4 (March 1, 2008): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.107.
The microbial diversity of biogas was analyzed in order to examine the aerosolization behavior of microorganisms. Six biogas samples were analyzed: five from mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestors treating different wastes, and one from landfill. Epifluorescent microscopic counts revealed 106 prokarya m−3. To assess the difference occuring in aerosolization, 498 biogas-borne 16S ribosomal DNA were analyzed and compared to published anaerobic digestor microbial diversity. Results show a large microbial diversity and strong discrepancy with digestor microbial diversity. Three different aerosolisation behaviour patterns can be identified: (i) that of non-aerosolized microorganisms, Deltaproteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Thermotogae, Chloroflexi phyla and sulfate-reducing groups, (ii) that of passively aerosolized microorganisms, including Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla and (iii) that of preferentially aerosolized microorganisms, including Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, as well as strictly aerobic and occasionally pathogenic species, presented high levels of aerosolization.
8
Ali, Wisam Hassan. "Microbial Behavior of Imine Compounds on Bacteria." American International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences 1, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijbls.v1i1.40.
In our past studies , some imine compounds were prepared m investigated , spectral characterization , it gave good evidence for formation these compounds , but in this studying , these imine derivatives were screened against some types of bacteria and microbes.
9
Stavropoulou, E., and E. Bezirtzoglou. "Predictive Modeling of Microbial Behavior in Food." Foods 8, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods8120654.
Microorganisms can contaminate food, thus causing food spoilage and health risks when the food is consumed. Foods are not sterile; they have a natural flora and a transient flora reflecting their environment. To ensure food is safe, we must destroy these microorganisms or prevent their growth. Recurring hazards due to lapses in the handling, processing, and distribution of foods cannot be solved by obsolete methods and inadequate proposals. They require positive approach and resolution through the pooling of accumulated knowledge. As the industrial domain evolves rapidly and we are faced with pressures to continually improve both products and processes, a considerable competitive advantage can be gained by the introduction of predictive modeling in the food industry. Research and development capital concerns of the industry have been preserved by investigating the plethora of factors able to react on the final product. The presence of microorganisms in foods is critical for the quality of the food. However, microbial behavior is closely related to the properties of food itself such as water activity, pH, storage conditions, temperature, and relative humidity. The effect of these factors together contributing to permitting growth of microorganisms in foods can be predicted by mathematical modeling issued from quantitative studies on microbial populations. The use of predictive models permits us to evaluate shifts in microbial numbers in foods from harvesting to production, thus having a permanent and objective evaluation of the involving parameters. In this vein, predictive microbiology is the study of the microbial behavior in relation to certain environmental conditions, which assure food quality and safety. Microbial responses are evaluated through developed mathematical models, which must be validated for the specific case. As a result, predictive microbiology modeling is a useful tool to be applied for quantitative risk assessment. Herein, we review the predictive models that have been adapted for improvement of the food industry chain through a built virtual prototype of the final product or a process reflecting real-world conditions. It is then expected that predictive models are, nowadays, a useful and valuable tool in research as well as in industrial food conservation processes.
10
Oi, David H., and Roberto M. Pereira. "Ant Behavior and Microbial Pathogens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)." Florida Entomologist 76, no. 1 (March 1993): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3496014.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microbial behavior":
1
Rebata-Landa, Veronica. "Microbial Activity in Sediments: Effects on Soil Behavior." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19720.
Thesis (Ph.D)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. Committee Chair: Santamarina, J. Carlos; Committee Member: Burns, Susan; Committee Member: Frost, David; Committee Member: Mitchell, James; Committee Member: Rix, Glenn; Committee Member: Sobecky, Patricia.
2
Oliveira, Nuno Miguel. "Evolutionary competition in microbial communities : from population dynamics to single-cell behavior." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9cadffda-31b0-435e-9473-c203861b367b.
Microbial life in nature is typically associated with two distinctive features: (i) the formation of densely packed groups, mostly on surfaces, within which social interactions are rife, and (ii) mixing with multiple strains and species, which brings with it the potential for strong evolutionary conflict. However, most microbiology still rests upon the study of single genetic backgrounds, often in shaking flasks. There is a need then to better integrate the natural ecology and evolution of microbes into microbiological studies. My thesis combines ecoevolutionary theory with the empirical study of both population dynamics and single-cell behavior to understand social interactions within microbial communities. This systems biology approach suggests that competition, not cooperation, is central to understanding diverse microbial communities and can explain key social phenotypes including cross-feeding, biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. Specifically, I study the theoretical limits for cooperation within microbial communities and conclude that natural selection will rarely favor cooperation between genotypes; I show that antibiotic competition between strains is an important driver of biofilm formation, which is consistent with the idea of competition sensing (the ability to use antibiotics, or more generally any form of biotic stress, as a cue to detect and respond to ecological competition); I establish the behavioral and genetic basis of chemotaxis on surfaces at the single-cell level and discuss how this phenotype can be useful in the social milieu of microbial communities where positioning is a major determinant for evolutionary competition; and finally, I show that bacteria are able to climb antibiotic gradients via twitching chemotaxis and achieve an unprecedented level of resistance in a few hours by simply modulating their physiology. Again, and as for antibiotic-induced biofilm formation, I argue that this perplexing phenotype has its natural roots in competition sensing. The study of microbial interactions has emphasized the importance of cooperation between cells of a single genotype. My thesis shows the need to consider the other side of microbial interactions: evolutionary competition. A cell will commonly face intense competition from other strains and species, and only by appreciating this evolutionary conflict will we fully understand microbes and their complex communities.
3
Li, Si Wan. "A study of micro-rheological behavior of bio-degradable PHA blends /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?CENG%202003%20LI.
Amezcua, Allieri Myriam Adela. "Impacts of microbial activity on trace metal behavior during the bioremediation of phenanthrene-contaminated soils." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1022/.
A novel method for the bioremediation of phenanthrene using the fungus Penicillium frequentans was utilised to remove phenanthrene (200 mg kg\(^{-1}\)) from soil containing both metals and phenanthrene, over 29 days. Bioremediation of phenanthrene and its effects on trace metal behaviour has been investigated. Metal behaviour studied includes metal speciation and the kinetics of exchange between solution and solid phase and plant uptake of the more labile and mobile, and potentially more bioavailable metal species. Phenanthrene removal by P. frequentans was optimised in terms of both soil water and nutrient composition. Slightly lower removal rates were obtained using P. frequentans alone (73%) and plants alone (67%). However, the highest phenanthrene removal (77%) was obtained using both fungus and plant. Assessment of the metal behaviour before and after phenanthrene biodegradation showed that the removal of phenanthrene by either fungal or mixed fungal and native microflora resulted in an increased flux of metal from solid to solution, an increased pool of potentially bioavailable and toxic metal species and increased plant uptake to both Echinochloa polystachia and Triticum aestivum, by factors of 4-13. In the presence of plants alone, metal mobilisation and uptake increased by smaller factors. In some cases, there was no increase in metal mobilisation and a maximal increase of 2 was found in Ni and Pb. These results highlight the impact of bioremediation process on metal behaviour. In addition, it is suggested that phytoremediation and not bioaugmentation using P. frequentans is the best overall option to obtain a considerable phenanthrene removal, reducing the increased pool of potentially bioavailable and toxic metal species
5
Tang, Qiang. "Factors Affecting Waste Leachate Generation and Barrier Performance of Landfill Liners." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180539.
Jones, A.-Andrew D. III (Akhenaton-Andrew Dhafir). "Design of a microfluidic device for the analysis of biofilm behavior in a microbial fuel cell." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/88279.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2014. This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections. Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-90). This thesis presents design, manufacturing, testing, and modeling of a laminar-flow microbial fuel cell. Novel means were developed to use graphite and other bulk-scale materials in a microscale device without loosing any properties of the bulk material. Micro-milling techniques were optimized for use on acrylic to achieve surface roughness averages as low as Ra = 100nm for a 55 [mu]m deep cut. Power densities as high as 0.4mW · m⁻², (28mV at open circuit) in the first ever polarization curve for a laminar-flow microbial fuel cell. A model was developed for biofilm behavior incorporating shear and pore pressure as mechanisms for biofilm loss. The model agrees with experimental observations on fluid flow through biofilms, biofilm structure, and other biofilm loss events. by A-Andrew D. Jones, III. S.M.
7
Nabati, Zahra. "Effect of Yarrowia Lipolytica biofilm on corrosion behavior of carbon steel in simulated biodiesel storage tanks." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1513356814768246.
Li, Zhe. "An integrated approach to study pharmaceuticals and their microbial transformation products: formation and environmental behavior in water/sediment systems." Licentiate thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad miljövetenskap (ITM), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-101184.
Pharmaceuticals are emerging organic micropollutants that are frequently detected in the aquatic environment. While information on their environmental occurrence is substantial, knowledge gaps exist with respect to their environmental transformation. This licentiate thesis focuses on this research deficit by (1) providing and applying tools for identifying biotransformation products, and (2) investigating the behavior of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products (TPs) in two different experimental systems. Study I established a data-processing method based on peak detection, time-trend filtration and structure assignment, and provides an efficient and reliable way for TP identification. Water/sediment tests were carried out with 9 pharmaceuticals. The method for identifying TPs is based on accurate mass data obtained from high resolution mass spectrometry and a comprehensive data-processing workflow. In total, 16 TPs were identified, 11 of which were confirmed by reference standards. Five of the TPs showed a continuous accumulation over the entire incubation period of 35 days. Study II aimed at studying the influence of water/sediment interactions on the environmental behavior of pharmaceuticals and their TPs. An artificial streaming channel was applied to simultaneously determine the concentrations of parent pharmaceuticals and key TPs in both surface water and sediment pore water under defined hydraulic conditions. All pharmaceuticals dissipated from the test system. The benefit from simultaneously analyzing parent compounds and TPs can be illustrated with carbamazepine, which is generally reported to be persistent. In study II, carbamazepine dissipated continuously from the test system, and the formation of a TP shows that this dissipation can be attributed to microbial biotransformation. The results also indicate that transformation predominantly occurs in the hyporheic zone, but also that TPs can be transported back into the streaming channel. This thesis confirms the crucial role of the hyporheic zone for the elimination of organic micropollutants from rivers and streams. Moreover, the developed workflow for TP identification provides opportunities to efficiently identify TPs for additional micropollutants in laboratory and field studies. In future work, we will study the influence of hydraulic conditions on transformation kinetics and formation of characteristic TPs, and we will extend the work to additional pharmaceuticals. Moreover, we will test the applicability of using TPs as indicators for characterizing ongoing biotransformation in field settings, thereby providing a more efficient way of characterizing the environmental fate of pharmaceuticals.
9
Herrig, Ashley. "Metagenomics Reveals Microbiome Correlations with Ecology and Behavior in a Socially Polymorphic Spider, Anelosimus Studiosus (Araneae: Theridiidae)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3517.
The unifying concept of endosymbiosis and the ‘holobiont’ is that the interaction of the microbial community and the host’s biology can affect myriad processes from speciation to physiology to behavior. This study explored the role of the microbiome as a potential facilitator of rapid evolution of social behavior in a socially polymorphic species of spider, Anelosimus studiosus. Adult females were collected from solitary and social colonies at two geographically distinct locations, and behaviorally assayed to assign individuals to ‘docile’ or ‘aggressive’ phenotypes. Microbiomes of each individual were analyzed by 16s rRNA sequencing. Correlations were found with external influences on the microbiome (colony type, local environmental microbiota, and among colony), and also between the microbiome and individual’s behavioral phenotype. While causation has not yet been established, these data suggest that demographics and ecology affect the microbiome, and that behavior may be affected by the microbiome.
10
Simpkin, Neil John. "Solution behaviour and phase-phase diffusion of microbial lipases." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387207.
Allieri, Myriam Adela Amezcua. Impacts of microbial activity on trace metal behavior during the bioremediation of phenanthrene-contaminated soils. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2003.
(Editor), I. R. Hill, and S. J. Wright (Editor), eds. Pesticide Microbiology: Microbiological Aspects of Pesticide Behavior in the Environment. Academic Press, 1997.
(Editor), I. R. Hill, and S. J. Wright (Editor), eds. Pesticide Microbiology: Microbiological Aspects of Pesticide Behavior in the Environment. Academic Press, 1997.
Clark, Kevin B. Social Learning Theory: Phylogenetic Considerations Across Animal, Plant and Microbial Taxa. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2013.
Volume 11B serves as a reference and guide to help engineers determine the causes of failure in plastic components and make corrective adjustments through design and manufacturing modifications. It contains seven major divisions, covering polymer science and processing, material selection and design, chemical, thermal, and physical analysis, mechanical behavior and testing, degradation mechanisms, systematic failure analysis, and life assessment and optimization. It examines a wide range of factors that contribute to the properties and behaviors of engineering plastics and the effect of thermal and mechanical stresses, impact loading, fatigue, wear, weathering, moisture and chemical exposure, photochemical aging, microbial degradation, and elevated temperatures. It addresses issues such as flammability, environmental stress cracking, crazing, and stress whitening and describes the unique characteristics of polymer fracture and how to assess and predict service life using fracture mechanics. It also presents and analyzes numerous examples of failure, including design and manufacturing related failures, wear failures of reinforced plastics, and failures due to creep and yielding.
8
Sheppard, Charles R. C., Simon K. Davy, Graham M. Pilling, and Nicholas A. J. Graham. Microbial, microalgal and planktonic reef life. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198787341.003.0005.
Microbes, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, fungi, protozoans and microalgae, are the most abundant and arguably the most important members of coral reef communities. They occur in the water column and sediment, and in association with other reef organisms. This chapter describes the abundance, diversity, function and productivity of microbes, with an emphasis on free-living types. They are key to recycling and retention of organic matter via the ‘microbial loop’, and are an important food source for larger reef organisms. The metazoan zooplankton are also described, including larvae of most reef invertebrates and fish. They are described in terms of their duration in the plankton, their settlement behaviour (e.g. that of coral larvae), their daily migration patterns and their role as a food source for larger organisms. Their importance for inter-reef connectivity is discussed.
9
Birch, Jonathan. Gene Mobility and the Concept of Relatedness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733058.003.0006.
Social behaviour is widespread in the microbial world, yet social evolution theory was mostly developed with multicellular animals in mind. One difference between multicellular organisms and microbes is the prevalence of mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids, in microbial populations. Plasmids are often implicated in the production of so-called public goods, and relatedness may be at the heart of this phenomenon. However, gene mobility introduces a temporal aspect to relatedness: because genotypes can change over the life cycle, two bacteria may share a gene at one time point, but not at some earlier or later time point. This chapter argues that the best concept of relatedness in this context is a diachronic concept that captures the association between actor genotypes at the moment of gene expression and recipient genotypes at the end of the life cycle.
10
Tseng, Hua-an, Richie E. Kohman, and Xue Han. Optogenetics and Electrophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0009.
Throughout the history of neuroscience, electrophysiological and imaging techniques have been utilized to observe neural signals at various spatial and temporal scales. However, it has been difficult to manipulate the activity of specific cells or neural circuits with the spatial and temporal resolutions relevant to neural coding. A novel technique called optogenetics, has recently been developed to control the activity of specific cells. This technique allows rapid and reversible optical activation or silencing of specific cells, which have been genetically transduced with light-sensitive molecules. The development of microbial opsin-based optogenetic molecular sensors has made optogenetics easily adaptable in various in vivo and in vitro preparations, and the technique has already been applied to understand neural circuit mechanisms of many behaviors and diseases. Here, we provide an introduction to optogenetics, the practical concerns in using the technique in vivo, and examples of applications that combine traditional electrophysiology techniques with optogenetics.
Book chapters on the topic "Microbial behavior":
1
Schwitalla, Sarah. "Shaping the Microbial Behavior." In The Toxic Microbiome, 49–60. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003212447-5.
Kato, Kenji, Kazuyo Nagaosa, Takeshi Kinoshita, Chie Kastsuyama, Tamara N. Nazina, Toshihiko Ohnuki, and Stepan N. Kalmykov. "Microbial Ecological Function in Migration of Radionuclides in Groundwater." In Behavior of Radionuclides in the Environment I, 1–34. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0679-6_1.
Nazina, Tamara N., Tamara L. Babich, Nadezhda K. Kostryukova, Diyana S. Sokolova, Ruslan R. Abdullin, Tatiyana P. Tourova, Andrey B. Poltaraus, et al. "Microbial Diversity and Possible Activity in Nitrate- and Radionuclide-Contaminated Groundwater." In Behavior of Radionuclides in the Environment I, 35–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0679-6_2.
Krus, Martin, Cornelia Fitz, and Klaus Sedlbauer. "Reducing the Risk of Microbial Growth on Insulated Walls by Improving the Properties of the Surface Materials." In Hygrothermal Behavior, Building Pathology and Durability, 1–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31158-1_1.
Salazar-García, Domingo C., Christina Warinner, Jelmer W. Eerkens, and Amanda G. Henry. "The Potential of Dental Calculus as a Novel Source of Biological Isotopic Data." In Exploring Human Behavior Through Isotope Analysis, 125–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32268-6_6.
AbstractStable isotope analysis has become an essential tool in investigations of ancient migration and paleodietary reconstruction. Because the biogeochemistry of bone collagen and apatite is well known, current methods rely almost exclusively on analyses of bones and teeth; however, dental calculus represents a potentially additional biological source of isotopic data from ancient skeletons. Dental calculus is a mineralized bacterial biofilm that forms on the surfaces of teeth. Sampling dental calculus does not damage the dentition and thus can be used in cases where it is not possible to perform destructive analyses of conventional mineralized tissues. Like bone and dentine, dental calculus contains both inorganic and organic components, allowing measurement of C, N, O, H, and Sr isotopes. Additionally, dental calculus forms as serial, non-remodeling laminar accretions on the tooth surface, opening up the possibility of analyzing discrete time points during the lifetime of an individual. However, as a microbial biofilm and not a human tissue, the biochemistry of dental calculus is complex, containing multiple calcium phosphate mineral phases, organic and inorganic food remains, hundreds of human and bacterial proteins, and diverse biomolecules from thousands of endogenous bacterial taxa. Isotopic investigation of dental calculus is still in its infancy, and many questions remain regarding its formation and processes of diagenesis. This chapter (1) reviews the unique advantages presented by dental calculus as a novel source of biological isotopic data, (2) critically evaluates published isotopic studies of dental calculus, and (3) explores the current challenges of dental calculus stable isotope analysis through a case study of an Ancient Puebloan Basketmaker II population from the American Southwest.
7
Sujatha, K., N. P. G. Bhavani, G. Victo Sudha George, D. Kirubakaran, M. Sujitha, and V. Srividhya. "Identification of Nutrients and Microbial Contamination in Fruits and Vegetables – Technology Using Internet of Behavior." In Internet of Behaviors (IoB), 157–69. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003305170-10.
Flores, Rolando A. "Modeling the Behavior and Fate of Microbial Pathogens in Beef Processing Particle Reduction Operations." In ACS Symposium Series, 219–33. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2006-0931.ch015.
Glock, Caspar, Jatin Nagpal, and Alexander Gottschalk. "Microbial Rhodopsin Optogenetic Tools: Application for Analyses of Synaptic Transmission and of Neuronal Network Activity in Behavior." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 87–103. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2842-2_8.
Bergs, Amelie, Thilo Henss, Caspar Glock, Jatin Nagpal, and Alexander Gottschalk. "Microbial Rhodopsin Optogenetic Tools: Application for Analyses of Synaptic Transmission and of Neuronal Network Activity in Behavior." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 89–115. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2181-3_6.
Conference papers on the topic "Microbial behavior":
1
Zekri, Abdulrazag Y., and A. Al-Khanbashi. "Microbial Phase Behavior Laboratory Studies." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/87294-ms.
Feng, K., B. M. Montoya, and T. M. Evans. "Numerical Investigation of Microbial-Induced Cemented Sand Mechanical Behavior." In Geo-Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413272.161.
Dishowitz, Michael I., Miltiadis H. Zgonis, Jeremy J. Harris, Constance Ace, and Louis J. Soslowsky. "Strength Retention of a New Microbial Cellulose Scaffold and Existing Collagen-Based Scaffolds After In Vivo Implantation in a Rabbit Model." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-203619.
Rotator cuff tendon tears often require large tensions for repair [1] and these tensions are associated with poor outcomes including rerupture [2]. To address this, repairs are often augmented with collagen-based scaffolds. Microbial cellulose, produced by A. xylinum as a laminar non-woven matrix, is another candidate for repair augmentation [3]. An ideal augmentation scaffold would shield the repair site from damaging loads as they change throughout the healing process. Although the initial mechanical properties of clinically used scaffolds have been well characterized [4–6], their mechanical behavior following implantation is not known. As a result, the role of these scaffolds throughout the healing process remains unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study is to characterize the mechanical behavior of existing collagen-based scaffolds and a new, microbial cellulose scaffold over time using an in vivo model. We hypothesize that: 1) collagen-based scaffolds will show decreased stiffness (1a) and suture pullout loads (1b) over time when compared to initial values while the microbial cellulose scaffold will not; and 2) the collagen-based scaffolds will have decreased stiffness (2a) and suture pullout loads (2b) when compared to the new, microbial cellulose scaffold at all timepoints.
4
Zhu, Yingqin, Zhaozhao Zhang, and Qiuwan Wang. "Optimization of echo state network behavior space based on microbial genetic algorithm." In 2021 33rd Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc52312.2021.9602533.
Buntin, Rogers, Neffra A. Matthews, Brent H. Breithaupt, Martin Lockley, and Nora Noffke. "THEROPOD COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR PRESERVED BY MICROBIAL MATS, CRETACEOUS DAKOTA SANDSTONE, COLORADO, USA." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-382140.
"Investigation of influence of the gut microbial composition associated with colitis on mice behavior." In Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/Systems Biology (BGRS/SB-2022) :. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-2022-554.
Samadi, Zahra, Malihe Mehdizadeh Allaf, Thomas Vourc'h, Christopher T. DeGroot, and Hassan Peerhossaini. "Are Active Fluids Age-Dependent?" In ASME 2022 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2022-87914.
Abstract Active fluids are often is known as the aqueous suspensions of self-propelled elements such as bacteria, algae, or sperm cells, which their properties fundamentally differ from conventional fluids. Active fluids exhibit remarkable physical manifestations over a wide range of scales, from time-dependent microscopic diffusion to the large-scale colonization of aqueous spaces. Properties of active fluids depend on the behavior of microbial suspensions, among which motility plays a crucial role. In this work, we focus on the effect of microbial growth and aging on microorganism motility. Hence, the motility behavior of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. CPCC 534, and its relationship with aging were investigated in a closed microfluidic chip. The growth of Synechocystis cultures was followed from the lag phase, through exponential and linear growth up to the stationary phase. Culture samples were periodically examined; cell populations were measured by spectroscopy technique and cell trajectories were tracked by video-microscopy. Cell trajectory length and average cell motility were extracted from the video recordings and were correlated with the age and growth phase of the bacterium.
8
Ngoma, M. C., O. Kolawole, M. B. Elinski, R. Thomas, and R. LaGrand. "Sub-Core Scale Characterization of Microbial Invasion Impact in Carbonates: Implications for Mechanical Alteration." In 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0064.
ABSTRACT Biogeomechanics is a novel and resourceful approach to assessing the impact of biological processes on the mechanical properties and behavior of rocks and rock-like materials. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on how far an in-situ bacterial growth can invade a reservoir rock with time and what its long-term impacts at nano- to micro-scale are in the invaded reservoir. This study uses non-destructive methods to investigate time-dependent nano-scale extent of biogeomechanical and morphological alterations in carbonate rocks due to microbial invasion. We conducted a microbial treatment of carbonate rock samples using a distinct microbial solution over a period of 30, 60, 90, and 120 days at a temperature of 42°C. Subsequently, the sub-core scale properties of untreated and post-treatment carbonate rocks were measured using Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to assess the changes in surface roughness and pore structure. Finally, we compared the untreated and microbially treated samples and assessed the implications for mechanical properties to better understand how microbial invasion could impact carbonate rocks. The results suggest that distinct microbes can continue to invade and alter the formation over time causing dissolution and disintegration of the rock matrix, which may yield a reduction in the mechanical integrity of the microbially impacted carbonate rock. INTRODUCTION Interaction between rocks and fluids can have multiple effects on its mechanical and mineralogical properties. Several studies have previously investigated the potential applications of these property changes in various fields such as the control of seepage in underground excavations (Phillips et al., 2013), geological CO2 storage (Kolawole et al., 2021a; Kolawole et al., 2022a), enhanced hydrocarbon recovery (Nikolova & Gutierrez, 2020; Kolawole et al., 2022b), wellbore cement integrity after exposure to corrosive environments (Kirkland et al., 2020; Kolawole et al., 2021b), and many other engineering-related processes. For example, in one study, researchers evaluated the grouting of rock fractures characterized by a fine-scale aperture with calcium carbonate due to microbial activity (Minto et al., 2016). This microbe was used for the treatment of samples over 12 days, and the results showed that the hydraulic aperture was reduced (Minto et al., 2016).
9
Balomenos, Athanasios D., Victoria Stefanou, and Elias S. Manolakos. "Bacterial Image Analysis and Single-Cell Analytics to Decipher the Behavior of Large Microbial Communities." In 2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icip.2018.8451137.
Au Yong, Hin Cheong, Kortney Tooker, Khanh Van Pham, Richard Arriaga, and Amir Mahmoudkhani. "Multifunctional Biosurfactants with Unusual pH Sensitive Interfacial Behavior for Remediation of Iron and Zinc Sulfide Formation Damage." In SPE International Conference on Oilfield Chemistry. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213799-ms.
Abstract Metal sulfide scales are found in several fields in onshore and offshore oil and gas wells around the world. Although there has been some success in the development of sulfide scale inhibitors, significantly high concentration of inhibitor is often required specially to mitigate zinc sulfide. Microbial biosurfactants have an inherent affinity towards different mineral surfaces including sulfides. The unique surface and interfacial properties of these naturally derived products make them potential candidates for development of new products for metal sulfide scale management and control. In this work the properties of sophorolipids and rhamnolipids as dispersion and modification agents for iron and zinc sulfide precipitates were investigated. Surface and interfacial tension behaviors of microbial biosurfactants were measured using a drop shape tensiometer. Accelerated dispersion stability testing were used to determine the efficiency of biosurfactants for dispersing field collected and lab-made iron and zinc sulfides. Fourier transform – infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet – visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy was used to determine the mode of interaction of the biosurfactant active sites with metal sulfide surfaces.
Reports on the topic "Microbial behavior":
1
Singh, Anjali. What Is Optogenetics and How Does It Work? ConductScience, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/cs20220704.
Optogenetics is a biotechnological method that combines optical systems and genetic engineering to control and monitor the functions of cells, tissues, and organisms. It involves using light-sensitive proteins called opsins to manipulate specific cells or regions with precision. This technique has revolutionized neuroscience, allowing researchers to study neural circuits and behavior by turning cells on and off. Opsins are categorized into microbial and animal types, each with specific functions. Optogenetic experiments require opsins, suitable plasmids or viral vectors, and a light source. This method has broad applications in neurology, animal behavior, and physiology, providing insights into various biological processes. It is used to map neural circuits, study diseases, and understand behaviors.
2
Or, Dani, Shmulik Friedman, and Jeanette Norton. Physical processes affecting microbial habitats and activity in unsaturated agricultural soils. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7587239.bard.
experimental methods for quantifying effects of water content and other dynamic environmental factors on bacterial growth in partially-saturated soils. Towards this end we reviewed critically the relevant scientific literature and performed theoretical and experimental studies of bacterial growth and activity in modeled, idealized and real unsaturated soils. The natural wetting-drying cycles common to agricultural soils affect water content and liquid organization resulting in fragmentation of aquatic habitats and limit hydraulic connections. Consequently, substrate diffusion pathways to soil microbial communities become limiting and reduce nutrient fluxes, microbial growth, and mobility. Key elements that govern the extent and manifestation of such ubiquitous interactions include characteristics of diffusion pathways and pore space, the timing, duration, and extent of environmental perturbations, the nature of microbiological adjustments (short-term and longterm), and spatial distribution and properties of EPS clusters (microcolonies). Of these key elements we have chosen to focus on a manageable subset namely on modeling microbial growth and coexistence on simple rough surfaces, and experiments on bacterial growth in variably saturated sand samples and columns. Our extensive review paper providing a definitive “snap-shot” of present scientific understanding of microbial behavior in unsaturated soils revealed a lack of modeling tools that are essential for enhanced predictability of microbial processes in soils. We therefore embarked on two pronged approach of development of simple microbial growth models based on diffusion-reaction principles to incorporate key controls for microbial activity in soils such as diffusion coefficients and temporal variations in soil water content (and related substrate diffusion rates), and development of new methodologies in support of experiments on microbial growth in simple and observable porous media under controlled water status conditions. Experimental efforts led to a series of microbial growth experiments in granular media under variable saturation and ambient conditions, and introduction of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) to study cell size, morphology and multi-cell arrangement at a high resolution from growth experiments in various porous media. The modeling efforts elucidated important links between unsaturated conditions and microbial coexistence which is believed to support the unparallel diversity found in soils. We examined the role of spatial and temporal variation in hydration conditions (such as exist in agricultural soils) on local growth rates and on interactions between two competing microbial species. Interestingly, the complexity of soil spaces and aquatic niches are necessary for supporting a rich microbial diversity and the wide array of microbial functions in unsaturated soils. This project supported collaboration between soil physicists and soil microbiologist that is absolutely essential for making progress in both disciplines. It provided a few basic tools (models, parameterization) for guiding future experiments and for gathering key information necessary for prediction of biological processes in agricultural soils. The project sparked a series of ongoing studies (at DTU and EPFL and in the ARO) into effects of soil hydration dynamics on microbial survival strategy under short term and prolonged desiccation (important for general scientific and agricultural applications).
3
Schoonover, Rod, and Dan Smith. Five Urgent Questions on Ecological Security. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/xatc1489.
The increasing pressure of ecological disruption on people and on security means that ideas and policy on peace and security must increasingly address the need for ecological security. This paper poses five research questions concerning: (a) amplification of anti-microbial resistance (patho-gens that are increasingly drug-resistant); (b) the physiological consequences of pollution; (c) the loss of nature’s con-tribution to people’s well-being; (d) local and regional eco-logical tipping points; and (e) detri-mental organisms and pro-cesses that thrive in the rapidly changing planet. Each question has a human health dimension, with likely socio-economic impacts and effects on behaviour, as well as potential effects on security and political stability. Under-standing these issues is essential if appropriate responses are to be developed. More research is needed in both the natural and the social sciences, with interdisciplinary work that is in close contact with the policy world. The situation is urgent and policy responses cannot wait until all the answers are known and uncertainty has been fully eliminated.
4
Johnson, David, Robert Boyd, Anthony Bednar, Cynthia Banks, Charles Weiss, Jessica Coleman, Burton Suedel, and Jeffery Steevens. Terrestrial fate and effects of nanometer-sized silver. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43800.
Although engineered nanomaterials are active components in a wide variety of commercial products, there is still limited information related to the effects of these nanomaterials once released into the terrestrial environment. A high number of commercial applications use silver nanoparticles (nAg) due to its anti-microbial activity. This may be of concern for waste management since nAg could be applied to soil (e.g., biosolids) or disposed of in traditional landfills, which could lead to possible leaching into surrounding soil. This report aims to provide additional insight into the fate and effects of nAg in terrestrial systems. The studies in this report examine the leachability of nAg in field soil and compares the soil migration to bulk (i.e., micron-sized) silver; examine the ecotoxicity of nAg to earthworms in four field soils spanning several different soil orders; and examine the behavioral effects of earthworms when exposed to engineered nanoparticles in field soil. These data provide additional insight into engineered nanoparticle fate and effects to terrestrial receptors in field soils, an important distinction from laboratory-generated soils. These data will also assist ecological risk assessors to better determine the acute environmental risks of nAg in terrestrial ecosystems with different soil compositions.
