Relevant bibliographies by topics / Microbead

Academic literature on the topic 'Microbead'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Microbead"

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Ichikawa, Akihiko, Ayae Honda, Miho Ejima, Tamio Tanikawa, Fumihito Arai, and Toshio Fukuda. "In-Situ Formation of a Gel Microbead for Laser Micromanipulation of Microorganisms, DNA, and Viruses." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 19, no. 5 (October 20, 2007): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2007.p0569.

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We proposein situformation of gel microbeads made of a thermoreversible hydrogel for indirect laser micromanipulation of microorganisms, DNA, and viruses. Using a 1064 nm laser, we irradiated an aqueous solution mixed with poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) through a high- magnification lens, thereby forming a gel microbead through heating at the laser focus. The gel microbead, trapped by the laser, was used to indirectly manipulate micro- and nano-scale samples. Laser tweezers stably handle micro-scale object ranging from several tens of nm to several hundreds of µm. This cannot be done with nano-scale objects of a few nm, however, due to laser beam heating. We demonstrate how to manipulate microorganisms, DNA, and viruses indirectly using a gel microbead made from an aqueous poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) solution. We reduced laser power for gel microbead formation, and used the gel microbead trapped by the laser to manipulate microorganisms, DNA, and viruses.
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Feng, Sunlian, Lon V. Kendall, Emir Hodzic, Scott Wong, Edward Lorenzana, Kimberly Freet, Karin S. Ku, Paul A. Luciw, Stephen W. Barthold, and Imran H. Khan. "Recombinant Helicobacter bilis Protein P167 for Mouse Serodiagnosis in a Multiplex Microbead Assay." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 11, no. 6 (November 2004): 1094–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.11.6.1094-1099.2004.

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ABSTRACT Infection of mice with Helicobacter bilis is widespread in research and commercial mouse colonies. Therefore, sensitive, specific, and high-throughput assays are needed for rapid and accurate testing of mice in large numbers. This report describes a novel multiplex assay, based on fluorescent microbeads, for serodetection of H. bilis infection. The assay requires only a few microliters of serum to perform and is amenable to a high-throughput format. Individual microbead sets were conjugated to purified, H. bilis-specific, recombinant proteins P167C and P167D and bacterial membrane extracts from H. bilis and Helicobacter hepaticus. For detecting H. bilis infection in the microbead multiplex assay, P167C and P167D provided significantly higher sensitivities (94 and 100%, respectively) and specificities (100 and 95%, respectively) than membrane extract (78% sensitivity and 65% specificity). Microbead multiplex assay results were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Purified recombinant proteins showed low batch-to-batch variation; this feature allows for ease of quality control, assay robustness, and affordability. Thus, recombinant antigens are highly suitable in the multiplex microbead assay format for serodetection of H. bilis infection.
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Wells, William. "Microbead expression arrays." Genome Biology 1 (2000): spotlight—20000606–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-spotlight-20000606-01.

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Arai, Fumihito, Toshiaki Endo, Ryuji Yamauchi, and Toshio Fukuda. "3D 6DOF Manipulation of Microbead by Laser Tweezers." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 18, no. 2 (April 20, 2006): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2006.p0153.

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Laser tweezers are suitable for manipulation of a single microscopic biological object. It can manipulate micro bio-object by noncontact in closed space. Single cell manipulation is important for biological research works, and 3D 6DOF manipulation (Position control and Orientation control) is useful technique in many biological experiments. Here we proposed 3D synchronized laser manipulation system by which we can manipulate multiple micro-objects along each designed trajectory in 3D space. Position and orientation of microbeads can be controlled by the newly developed 3D synchronized laser micromanipulation system. We succeeded in the orientation control of the microbead by using the laser trapped microtools. We demonstrate 3D 6DOF manipulation of the microbead by the experiment.
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Fu, Xin, He Zhang, Jie Zhang, Shi-Tong Wen, and Xing-Cheng Deng. "A Highly Sensitive and Label-Free Microbead-Based ‘Turn-On’ Colorimetric Sensor for the Detection of Mercury(II) in Urine Using a Peroxidase-Like Split G-Quadruplex–Hemin DNAzyme." Australian Journal of Chemistry 71, no. 12 (2018): 945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch18302.

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A highly sensitive and label-free microbead-based ‘turn-on’ assay was developed for the detection of Hg2+ in urine based on the Hg2+-mediated formation of intermolecular split G-quadruplex–hemin DNAzymes. In the presence of Hg2+, T–T mismatches between the two partial cDNA strands were stabilized by a T–Hg2+–T base pair, and can cause the G-rich sequences of the two oligonucleotides to associate to form a split G-quadruplex which is able to bind hemin to form the catalytically active G-quadruplex–hemin DNAzyme. This microbead-based ‘turn-on’ process allows the detection of Hg2+ in urine samples at concentrations as low as 0.5 pM. The relative standard deviation and recovery are 1.2–3.9 and 98.7–103.2%, respectively. The remarkable sensitivity for Hg2+ is mainly attributed to the enhanced mass transport ability that is inherent in homogeneous microbead-based assays. Compared with previous developments of intermolecular split G-quardruplex–hemin DNAzymes for the homogeneous detection of Hg2+ (the limit of detection was 19nM), a signal enhancement of ~1000 times is obtained when such an assay is performed on the surface of microbeads.
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Lany, M., G. Boero, and R. S. Popovic. "Superparamagnetic microbead inductive detector." Review of Scientific Instruments 76, no. 8 (August 2005): 084301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1988131.

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Morgan, James E., and James R. Tribble. "Microbead models in glaucoma." Experimental Eye Research 141 (December 2015): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2015.06.020.

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Theilacker, Nora, Eric E. Roller, Kristopher D. Barbee, Matthias Franzreb, and Xiaohua Huang. "Multiplexed protein analysis using encoded antibody-conjugated microbeads." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 61 (January 19, 2011): 1104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0594.

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We describe a method for multiplexed analysis of proteins using fluorescently encoded microbeads. The sensitivity of our method is comparable to the sensitivity obtained by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay while only 5 µl sample volumes are needed. Streptavidin-coated, 1 µm beads are encoded with a combination of fluorophores at different intensity levels. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that 27 microbead populations can be readily encoded by affinity conjugation using three intensity levels for each of three different biotinylated fluorescent dyes. Four populations of encoded microbeads are further conjugated with biotinylated capture antibodies and then combined and immobilized in a microfluidic flow cell for multiplexed protein analysis. Using four uniquely encoded microbead populations, we show that a cancer biomarker and three cytokine proteins can be analysed quantitatively in the picogram per millilitre range by fluorescence microscopy in a single assay. Our method will allow for the fabrication of high density, bead-based antibody arrays for multiplexed protein analysis using integrated microfluidic devices and automated sample processing.
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Nanda, Himansu Sekhar, Shangwu Chen, Qin Zhang, Naoki Kawazoe, and Guoping Chen. "Collagen Scaffolds with Controlled Insulin Release and Controlled Pore Structure for Cartilage Tissue Engineering." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/623805.

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Controlled and local release of growth factors and nutrients from porous scaffolds is important for maintenance of cell survival, proliferation, and promotion of tissue regeneration. The purpose of the present research was to design a controlled release porous collagen-microbead hybrid scaffold with controlled pore structure capable of releasing insulin for application to cartilage tissue regeneration. Collagen-microbead hybrid scaffold was prepared by hybridization of insulin loaded PLGA microbeads with collagen using a freeze-drying technique. The pore structure of the hybrid scaffold was controlled by using preprepared ice particulates having a diameter range of 150–250 μm. Hybrid scaffold had a controlled pore structure with pore size equivalent to ice particulates and good interconnection. The microbeads showed an even spatial distribution throughout the pore walls.In vitroinsulin release profile from the hybrid scaffold exhibited a zero order release kinetics up to a period of 4 weeks without initial burst release. Culture of bovine articular chondrocytes in the hybrid scaffold demonstrated high bioactivity of the released insulin. The hybrid scaffold facilitated cell seeding and spatial cell distribution and promoted cell proliferation.
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Ozanich, Richard M., Kate C. Antolick, Cindy J. Bruckner-Lea, Brian P. Dockendorff, Ashton N. Easterday, Heather C. Edberg, Jay W. Grate, et al. "Use of a Novel Fluidics Microbead Trap/Flow-Cell Enhances Speed and Sensitivity of Bead-Based Bioassays." JALA: Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 12, no. 5 (October 2007): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jala.2007.05.002.

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Automated devices and methods for biological sample preparation often use surface functionalized microbeads (superparamagnetic or nonmagnetic) to allow capture, purification, and preconcentration of trace amounts of proteins, cells, or nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) from complex samples. We have developed unique methods and hardware for trapping either magnetic or nonmagnetic functionalized beads that allow samples and reagents to be efficiently perfused over a microcolumn of beads. This approach yields enhanced mass transport and up to fivefold improvements in assay sensitivity or speed, dramatically improving assay capability relative to assays conducted in more traditional “batch modes” (i.e., in tubes or microplate wells). Summary results are given that highlight the analytical performance improvements obtained for automated microbead processing systems using novel microbead trap/flow-cells for various applications including (1) simultaneous capture of multiple cytokines using an antibody-coupled polystyrene bead assay with subsequent flow cytometry detection; (2) capture of nucleic acids using oligonucleotide-coupled polystyrene beads with flow cytometry detection; and (3) capture of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 from 50-mL sample volumes using antibody-coupled superparamagnetic microbeads with subsequent culturing to assess capture efficiency.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microbead"

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THOMAS, JENNIFER HODGES. "APPLICATIONS OF MICROBEAD-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL IMMUNOASSAY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1069337644.

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Maruyama, Hisataka, Fumihito Arai, Toshio Fukuda, and 敏男 福田. "Fabrication of Functional Gel-Microbead for Local Environment Measurement in Microchip." IEEE, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11147.

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Albert, Keith J. "Microbead array-based artificial nose : explosives detection and simple/complex odor discrimination /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2001.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2001.
Adviser: David R. Walt. Submitted to the Dept. of Chemistry. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Conklin, Natasha Mwale. "Effect of dissolved chlorine on an MS2 bacteriophage immunoassay and tryptophan side chain." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1243362224.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.
Advisors: H. Brian Halsall PhD (Committee Chair), William Heineman PhD (Committee Co-Chair), Patrick Limbach PhD (Committee Member), Pearl Tsang PhD (Committee Member). Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed July 25, 2009). Keywords: Chlorine; hypochlorous acid; immunoassay; tryptophan; indole acetic acid; paramagnetic microbead. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Filipponi, Luisa, and n/a. "New micropatterning techniques for the spatial addressable immobilization of proteins." Swinburne University of Technology, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060905.113858.

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Bio-microdevices are miniaturised devices based on biologically derived components (e.g., DNA, proteins, and cells) combined or integrated with microfabricated substrates. These devices are of interest for numerous applications, ranging from drug discovery, to environmental monitoring, to tissue engineering. Before a bio-microdevice can be fully developed, specific fabrication issues need to be addressed. One of the most important is the spatial immobilization of selected biomolecules in specific micro-areas of the device. Among the biomolecules of interest, the controlled immobilization of proteins to surfaces is particularly challenging due to the complexity of these macromolecules and their tendency to lose bioactivity during the immobilization step. The present Thesis reports on three novel micropatterning techniques for the spatial immobilization of proteins with bioactivity retention and improved read-out of the resulting micropatterns. The technologies developed are based on three different micropatterning approaches, namely 1) direct-writing UV laser microablation (proLAB), 2) a novel microcontact printing method (�CPTA) and 3) a replica molding method combined with bead selfassembly (BeadMicroArray). The first two technologies, proLAB and �CPTA, are an implementation of existing techniques (laser ablation and �CP, respectively), whereas the third, i.e., the BeadMicroArray, is a totally new technique and type of patterning platform. 'ProLAB' is a technology that uses a micro-dissection tool equipped with a UV laser (the LaserScissors�) for ablating a substrate made of a layer of ablatable material, gold, deposited over a thin polymer layer. The latter layer is transparent to the laser but favours protein adsorption. In the present work microchannels were chosen as the structure of interest with the aim of arranging them in 'bar-codes', so to create an 'information-addressable' microarray. This platform was fabricated and its application to specific antigen binding demonstrated. The second technique that was developed is a microstamping method which exploits the instability of a high-aspect ratio rubber stamp fabricated via soft-lithography. The technique is denominated microcontact printing trapping air (�CPTA) since the collapsing of a rubber stamp made of an array of micro-pillars over a plane glass surface resulted in the formation of a large air gap around the entire array. The method can be successfully employed for printing micro-arrays of proteins, maintaining biological activity. The technique was compared with robotic spotting and found that microarrays obtained with the �CPTA method were more homogeneous and had a higher signal-tonoise ratio. The third technique developed, the BeadMicroArray, introduces a totally new platform for the spatial addressable immobilization of proteins. It combines replica molding with microbead self-assembling, resulting in a platform where diagnostic beads are entrapped at the tip of micropillars arranged in a microarray format. The fabrication of the BeadMicroArray involves depositing functional microbeads in an array of V-shaped wells using spin coating. The deposition is totally random, and conditions were optimised to fill about half the array during spin coating. After replica molding, the resulting polymer mold contains pyramid-shaped posts with beads entrapped at the very tip of the post. Thanks to the fabrication mode involved, every BeadMicroArray fabricated contains a unique geometric code, therefore assigning a specific code to each microarray. In the present work it was demonstrated that the functionality of the beads after replica molding remains intact, and that proteins can be selectively immobilized on the beads, for instance via biorecognition. The platform showed a remarkable level of selectively which, together with an efficient blocking towards protein non-specific adsorption, lead to a read-out characterized by a very good signal-to-noise. Also, after recognition, a code was clearly visible, therefore showing the encoding capacity of this unique microarray.
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Prikockis, Michael Vito. "Physics and Applications of Interacting Magnetic Particles: Effect of Patterned Traps." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1452073910.

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Lips, Olga [Verfasser], and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Pantel. "Der Vergleich von Iodixanol-Dichtegradientenzentrifugation, dem MicroBead-basierten System MACS und CellSearch zur Isolierung von Tumorzellen aus peripherem Blut beim Mamma- und Ovarialkarzinom / Olga Lips. Betreuer: Klaus Pantel." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1079002081/34.

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BIAGINI, CLAUDIO. "Bead Mediated Microscopy: from high resolution microscopy to nano-Raman." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1030687.

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Solid-state physics, material science, as well as biology, need continuously more and more information from their samples. High spatial resolution information such as optical or electrical properties, chemical species identification as well as topography are important information that optical microscopy or Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) can provide. Although electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) certainly assumes a position of absolute importance in the field, its cost and its need to be used by highly specialised personnel still make it an instrument of limited everyday use. On the contrary, probe microscopy has now become of very high diffusion in research labs. To develop my thesis I focused myself on three main and somehow related microscopy techniques: high resolution Raman microscopy, Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM), and Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS). All of them are state-of-the-art on surface optical analysis techniques but still present relevant limits; among others, respectively: spatial resolution, local power density, complexity and field of applicability. My approach wants to combine some aspects of these techniques to go beyond their limits. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful optical technique, which measures the inelastic scattering of an incoming EM radiation due to the vibrational modes of the molecules present on the surface of a sample. Thanks to its high specificity, it is very powerful in identifying the chemical components of a sample. Several organic and inorganic molecules have their typical Raman spectral peaks, hence, by the Raman spectra, it’s possible to provide a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the elements of a sample. High spatial resolution Raman setups uses the combination of a confocal microscope with a spectrometer assisted by a series of long pass and band pass filters. Despite its extreme versatility, basing Raman spectroscopy on a confocal system also constrains it to acquire its limit in spatial resolution determined by the limit of diffraction. To overcome this limit the most used techniques in SPM are Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (SNOM) and Tip Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS). Both of them exploits evanescent field, which is an electric field that is created by oscillating charges and/or currents and does not propagate in the far field as a classical electromagnetic wave, but is spatially concentrated very near to its source. This confinement allows to obtain field sources definitely smaller than in confocal systems. In SNOM technique, the excitation light is focused through an aperture smaller than the wavelength, creating an evanescent field strongly localized near the aperture itself. Scanning the sample in this near range brings the spatial resolution down to the aperture dimension. The main disadvantage of aperture SNOM is that the overall optical efficiency of probes is very low. The excitation power cannot be too high in order to prevent any damage of the probe, hence the energy that reaches the sample is usually not enough for Raman analysis. TERS instead is more suitable for this purpose. It basically exploits Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) principles, using a laser irradiated gold sharp tip to obtain a local enhancement at its apex. Its good efficiency permits to analyze Raman effects with a spatial super-resolution, but, on the other hand, TERS probes usually lack of reprodubility and require very skilled and specialised users. My PhD project has been focused to investigate and optimize an original approach to perform high resolution optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, well below the diffraction limit. The concept is to exploit the optical proprieties of a dielectric micro bead lens to achieve a powerful nanoscale near field confinement of light and the Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) technique to scan a sample to acquire optical maps. When a dielectric micro bead is hit by an Electromagnetic (EM) wave its effect is to transmit and concentrate the incident EM radiation in a specific area called nanojet, at first glance similar to that created with a standard lens. Some optical proprieties of the nanojets have been already introduced in the literature, but their application in the world of SPM, their employment in Raman microscopy and their combination with nanostructures to improve the spatial resolution are novel features whose investigation is promising. I gave to this technique the name of Beam Mediated Microscopy (BeMM). The combination of super resolution bead mediated SPM with Raman spectroscopy opens interesting perspectives about powerful surface analysis for samples that need a versatile optical probe with a high spatial resolution and soft interaction with the sample, like soft matter substrates or biosamples.
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Galkiewicz, Julia Parker. "Microbial Ecology and Functional Genomics of Deep-Water Coral-Associated Microbes." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3111.

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Lophelia pertusa is a cosmopolitan cold-water coral, often found in aphotic waters (>200m). Aggregations of L. pertusa (reefs) provide important habitat to many invertebrate and fish species and act as biodiversity hotspots in the deep sea. The health and diversity of these reefs is of vital importance to deep-sea ecosystems, and the microbial consortia associated with L. pertusa form the most basic ecological level. Deciphering the diversity and function of these microbes provides insight into the roles they play in maintaining reef health. This dissertation takes microbiological techniques that are used in shallow-water coral microbial research and applies them to L. pertusa. A flaw in a primer set, which is commonly used in the molecular genetics method Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to obtain data on coral-associated microbes, is discussed and an alternative approach is presented. In addition, two culture-based studies are employed to catalogue diversity and explore functional differences in strains of both bacteria and fungi. The cultured bacteria were tested for resistance against six antibiotics that affect a variety of cellular targets to elucidate strain level differences. The first cultured fungi ever described from L. pertusa were identified by molecular techniques and assayed using Biolog plates to test their metabolic capabilities. Preliminary data analysis on metagenomic libraries of the microbial-size fraction of L. pertusa is presented and discussed in the context of microbial diversity and function, bridging the gap between culture-based work on function and culture-independent work on diversity.
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Battistelli, Elisa. "Microfluidic microbial fuel cell fabrication and rapid screening of electrochemically microbes." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7301/.

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The demand for novel renewable energy sources, together with the new findings on bacterial electron transport mechanisms and the progress in microbial fuel cell design, have raised a noticeable interest in microbial power generation. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an electrochemical device that converts organic substrates into electricity via catalytic conversion by microorganism. It has represented a continuously growing research field during the past few years. The great advantage of this device is the direct conversion of the substrate into electricity and in the future, MFC may be linked to municipal waste streams or sources of agricultural and animal waste, providing a sustainable system for waste treatment and energy production. However, these novel green technologies have not yet been used for practical applications due to their low power outputs and challenges associated with scale-up, so in-depth studies are highly necessary to significantly improve and optimize the device working conditions. For the time being, the micro-scale MFCs show great potential in the rapid screening of electrochemically active microbes. This thesis presents how it will be possible to optimize the properties and design of the micro-size microbial fuel cell for maximum efficiency by understanding the MFC system. So it will involve designing, building and testing a miniature microbial fuel cell using a new species of microorganisms that promises high efficiency and long lifetime. The new device offer unique advantages of fast start-up, high sensitivity and superior microfluidic control over the measured microenvironment, which makes them good candidates for rapid screening of electrode materials, bacterial strains and growth media. It will be made in the Centre of Hybrid Biodevices (Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering, University of Southampton) from polymer materials like PDMS. The eventual aim is to develop a system with the optimum combination of microorganism, ion exchange membrane and growth medium. After fabricating the cell, different bacteria and plankton species will be grown in the device and the microbial fuel cell characterized for open circuit voltage and power. It will also use photo-sensitive organisms and characterize the power produced by the device in response to optical illumination.
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Books on the topic "Microbead"

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Singh, Raghvendra Pratap, Geetanjali Manchanda, Kaushik Bhattacharjee, and Hovik Panosyan, eds. Microbes in Microbial Communities. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5617-0.

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Ahmad, Iqbal, Farah Ahmad, and John Pichtel, eds. Microbes and Microbial Technology. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7931-5.

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Brahma, Nitosh Kumar. Microbes, microbial engineering, and technology. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Hoagland, Robert E., ed. Microbes and Microbial Products as Herbicides. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1990-0439.

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E, Hoagland Robert, American Chemical Society. Division of Agrochemicals., and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Microbes and microbial products as herbicides. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1990.

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Inamuddin, Mohd Imran Ahamed, and Ram Prasad, eds. Application of Microbes in Environmental and Microbial Biotechnology. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2225-0.

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Aḥmad, Iqbāl. Microbes and Microbial Technology: Agricultural and Environmental Applications. New York, NY: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2011.

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P, Mobley David, ed. Plastics from microbes: Microbial synthesis of polymers and polymer precursors. Munich: Hanser Publishers, 1994.

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1957-, Dilek Yildirim, Furnes Harald, and Muehlenbachs Karlis, eds. Links between geological processes, microbial activities & evolution of life: Microbes and geology. [Dordrecht]: Springer, 2008.

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P, Nakas James, and Hagedorn Charles, eds. Biotechnology of plant-microbe interactions. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Microbead"

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Fang, Cheng, and Youhong Tang. "Polymer Microbead-Templated Nanostructures." In Polymer-Engineered Nanostructures for Advanced Energy Applications, 31–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57003-7_2.

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Calkins, David J., Wendi S. Lambert, Cathryn R. Formichella, William M. McLaughlin, and Rebecca M. Sappington. "The Microbead Occlusion Model of Ocular Hypertension in Mice." In Glaucoma, 23–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7407-8_3.

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Yue, Wanqing, and Mengsu Yang. "Microfluidics for DNA and Protein Analysis with Multiplex Microbead-Based Assays." In Microfluidic Methods for Molecular Biology, 161–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30019-1_8.

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Krishhan, V. V., Imran H. Khan, and Paul A. Luciw. "Biomarker Detection and Molecular Profiling by Multiplex Microbead Suspension Array Based Immunoproteomics." In Molecular Analysis and Genome Discovery, 244–70. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119977438.ch11.

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Tárnok, Attila, Ursel Nöhrenberg, Hans-Jürgen Vollmer, and Stephan Schuhmacher. "Microbead Assay for Quantification of Neuronal Adhesion Molecule Interaction by Flow Cytometry." In Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting, 86–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04129-1_9.

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Vecino, Elena, Haritz Urcola, Alejando Bayon, and Sansar C. Sharma. "Ocular Hypertension/Glaucoma in Minipigs: Episcleral Veins Cauterization and Microbead Occlusion Methods." In Glaucoma, 41–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7407-8_4.

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Yun, Kwang-Seok, Dohoon Lee, Hak-Sung Kim, and Euisik Yoon. "Microfluidic Chips Designed for Measuring Biomolecules Through a Microbead-Based Quantum Dot Fluorescence Assay." In Micro and Nano Technologies in Bioanalysis, 53–67. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-483-4_5.

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Darling, Robert B., Eva Aw, and Mimi Mar. "A Microbead Sieve and Polarographic Detection Cell for Immunoassays with a Modular Microfluidic Interconnect." In Micro Total Analysis Systems 2000, 517–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2264-3_121.

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le Roux, Johannes J. "Molecular ecology of plant-microbial interactions during invasions: progress and challenges." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 340–62. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0340.

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Abstract Microbes are omnipresent, yet their interactions with invasive plants remain understudied. This is surprising, given the importance of microbes in plant community ecology and their influence on plant performance in new environments. Recent advances in molecular genetic approaches have opened the door to studying this unseen majority in great detail and to understand how they fit into ecological interaction networks. Molecular approaches allow rapid assessments of microbial diversity at reasonable cost while providing both taxonomic and evolutionary information. Here I discuss how these approaches have contributed to a better understanding of plant-microbial interactions in the context of biological invasions. By drawing insights from various case studies, I illustrate how next-generation sequencing (DNA barcoding) has revolutionized the way we understand such interactions. Tight-knit and coevolved mutualist (e.g. mycorrhizal) and antagonist (e.g. pathogen) interactions appear particularly promising to understand the structure and function of invasive plant-microbial interaction networks, the impacts of invasive plants on native networks and the vulnerability of native networks to infiltration by non-native species. I also discuss novel ways in which molecular data can aid the study of invasive plant-microbial interactions, such as incorporating phylogenetic data into network analyses to better understand the role of evolutionary history in network dynamics and how such dynamics respond to plant invasions. DNA barcoding of microbes also presents unique challenges to the study of network ecology, such as uncertainty in the legitimacy and efficiency of interactions. Future research should incorporate overall plant-associated microbial communities (microbiomes) into interaction networks to better understand the role microbes play during plant invasions.
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Ko, Yong Jun, Chul Ho Cho, Joon Ho Maeng, Byung Chul Lee, Yoo Min Ahn, Nahm Gyoo Cho, Seoung Hwan Lee, and Seung Yong Hwang. "Electric Signal Detection of a Microfilter-Based Biochip for Immunoassay Using Microbead, Nanogold Particle, and Silver Enhancement." In Experimental Mechanics in Nano and Biotechnology, 839–42. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-415-4.839.

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Conference papers on the topic "Microbead"

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Kingsley, David M., Andrew D. Dias, Douglas B. Chrisey, and David T. Corr. "A Novel, Laser-Based Technique to Fabricate and Precisely Pattern Cell-Encapsulated Alginate Microbeads." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14658.

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Microbeads are three-dimensional, generally spherical microstructures that are currently being investigated for applications in tissue engineering and for delivery of drugs, proteins, and DNA [1, 2]. Current microbead fabrication devices such as electrostatic bead generators, microfluidic devices, and micro-vibrators, function by using cross-linkable polymers into a crosslinking solution, such as calcium chloride in the case of alginate. These procedures allow for the controlled manipulation of microbead size, e.g., increasing electric field voltage for the electrostatic bead generator during polymer extrusion. Popular devices such as electrostatic bead generators are limited to polyelectrolyte materials because of the electric field extrusion method [3]. In addition, despite their ability to create monodispersed beads of different size, none of these technologies can precisely control microbead placement.
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Shibata, Yuichi, Osamu Okamoto, and Masahiro Kawaji. "Microfluidic Control of Microbeads and Ferrofluid in a Microtube." In ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2013-73187.

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The field of microfluidics is developing with advances in MEMS, biotechnology and μ-TAS technologies. In various devices, controlling the flow rate of liquid or gas accurately at micro or nanoliter volume levels is required. By using a ferrofluid, the flow of a liquid or gas in a microchannel can be controlled by the driving power exerted on the ferrofluid. Also alginate microbeads can be applied to a study of transfer technology in a bioreactor and DDS (Drug Delivery System). In this field, production and control of microbeads are required. In the present study, an unsteady flow of a ferrofluid slug or microbead caused by the driving force exerted using a permanent magnet ring has been investigated in a 200μm circular microtube. The motion and behavior of the ferrofluid slug and microbead were observed. In addition, we examined the motion and stopping position.
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Chang, Jin, Bingbo Zhang, Dena Li, Guiping Ma, Weicai Wang, and Qi Zhang. "Preparation and Characterization of Tricolor CdSe-Tagged Microbeads for Bio-Detection." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21138.

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Tricolor microbeads for biological assay have been prepared by embedding three quantum dots (cadmium selenide semiconductor nanocrystals) of different size into carboxyl-functionalized polystyrene (PS-COOH) microbeads. These efforts can render CdSe nanocrystals water-solubility, chemical stability and good photostability. The results indicate that QDs-tagged microbeads are highly uniform, reproducible and strong in fluorescence emission. Based on the properties it possesses, QDs-tagged microbead may have great potential for bio-detection.
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Kumar, Arun, and Binil Starly. "Modeling Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Expansion in Vertical Wheel Bioreactors Using Lactate Production Rate in Regenerative Medicine Biomanufacturing." In ASME 2016 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2016-8787.

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Stem cells are critical components of regenerative medicine therapy. However, the therapy will require millions to billions of therapeutic stem cells. To address the need, we have recently cultured stem cells in 3D microgels and used them as a vehicle for cell expansion within a low shear stress rotating wheel type bioreactor within a 500ml volumetric setting. This study specifically highlights the cell encapsulation in microbead process, harvesting and operation of microbeads within a dynamic bioreactor environment. We have specifically encapsulated stem cells (human adipose derived) into microbeads prepared from alginate hydrogels via an electrostatic jetting process. This study highlights the effect of fabrication process parameters on end-point biological quality measures such as stem cell count and viability. We were able to maintain a >80% viability during the 21 day static culture period. We have also measured the concentration of metabolites produced during the expansion, specifically lactate production measured during specific time points within culture inside the rotating wheel bioreactor Future work will need to address predicting yields in higher volume settings, efficiency of harvest and a more detailed description of the hydrodynamics affecting stem cell growth.
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Kingsley, David M., Andrew D. Dias, and David T. Corr. "High-Throughput, Laser-based Alginate Microbead Fabrication and Patterning." In 2013 39th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nebec.2013.156.

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Peng, Zhiting, Boshi Jiang, and Tianzhun Wu. "Bioinspired Ultrafast Trapping of Microbead Array for Digital Immunoassay." In 2020 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mems46641.2020.9056356.

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Ghosh, S. K., V. P. Ostanin, and A. A. Seshia. "Microbead dynamics on Quartz Crystal Microbalance at elevated amplitudes." In 2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2009.5441575.

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Zhang, Zhipeng, and Chia-Hsiang Menq. "Trapping and Steering a Magnetic Microbead Using 3D Magnetic Tweezers." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4212.

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The development of a magnetic micromanipulation system that is capable of trapping and steering a magnetic microbead in three dimensions is presented in this paper. Hexapole magnetic tweezers were designed and implemented to realize three-dimensional (3D) magnetic actuation. Because magnetic actuation is inherently unstable without feedback control, visual measurement based on computer processing of video images was employed to detect the displacement of the microbead, facilitating real-time feedback control. An analytical magnetic force model was developed to characterize the nonlinearity and position dependency of the magnetic force exerted on the magnetic bead by the hexapole magnetic tweezers. Its inverse model was then derived and employed in feedback linearization. A proportionalintegral controller along with feedback linearization was implemented and the motion of the magnetic bead was successfully stabilized. The control results in terms of 100-nanometer stepping and 3D motion steering were experimentally demonstrated.
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Dias, Andrew D., David M. Kingsley, Douglas B. Chrisey, and David T. Corr. "Fabrication of Hybrid Cell-Microbead Constructs Using Laser Direct-Write of Alginate Microbeads and Adherent Breast Cancer Cells." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14521.

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Microbeads are becoming popular tools in tissue engineering as 3D microstructure hydrogels. The gel nature of microbeads enables them to sequester soluble factors and mammalian cells, and their high surface area-to-volume ratio allows diffusion between the bead and the environment [1,2]. Microbeads are thus good systems for drug delivery and can serve as 3D microenvironments for cells. To fully maximize their potential as delivery systems and microenvironments, it is highly desirable to create spatially-precise hybrid cultures of microbeads and mammalian cells. Precise placement of microbeads in proximity to patterned cells will allow the study of spatial cellular interactions, paracrine signaling, and drug delivery.
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Lawrence, Michael B., and Brian J. Schmidt. "A Micropatterned Surface for the Assessment of Relative Two-Dimensional Molecular Selectin Kinetics in Flow." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62046.

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Recruitment rate measurements of micro-scale particles, such as cells or microbeads, to biofunctional surfaces is difficult because factors such as uneven ligand distributions, particle collisions, variable particle fluxes, and molecular-scale surface separation distances that combine to obfuscate the ability to link the observed particle behavior with the governing nanoscale biophysics. We report the development of a hydrodynamically-conditioned micropattern catch strip assay to measure microparticle and cellular recruitment kinetics. The assay exploited patterning within microfluidic channels and the mechanostability of selectin bonds to create reaction geometries that confined a microbead flux to within 200 nm of the surface under flow conditions. Systematic control of capillary action enabled the creation of homogenous or gradient ligand distributions. The method enabled the measurement of particle recruitment rates (keff, s−1) that were primarily determined by the interaction of the biomolecular pair being investigated. The method may be well suited for analysis of reaction rates between surface-bound molecules in the presence of convective flow patterns.
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Reports on the topic "Microbead"

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Davis, Ryan W., James A. Brozik, Susan Marie Brozik, Jason M. Cox, Gabriel P. Lopez, Todd A. Barrick, and Adrean Flores. Nanoporous microbead supported bilayers: stability, physical characterization, and incorporation of functional transmembrane proteins. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/902211.

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Minz, Dror, Eric Nelson, and Yitzhak Hadar. Ecology of seed-colonizing microbial communities: influence of soil and plant factors and implications for rhizosphere microbiology. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587728.bard.

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Original objectives: Our initial project objectives were to 1) Determine and compare the composition of seed-colonizing microbial communities on seeds, 2) Determine the dynamics of development of microbial communities on seeds, and 3) Determine and compare the composition of seed-colonizing microbial communities with the composition of those in the soil and rhizosphere of the plants. Revisions to objectives: Our initial work on this project was hampered by the presence of native Pythium species in the soils we were using (in the US), preventing us from getting accurate assessments of spermosphere microbial communities. In our initial work, we tried to get around this problem by focusing on water potentials that might reduce damage from native Pythium species. This also prompted some initial investigation of the oomycete communities associated seedlings in this soil. However, for this work to proceed in a way that would allow us to examine seed-colonizing communities on healthy plants, we needed to either physically treat soils or amend soils with composts to suppress damage from Pythium. In the end, we followed the compost amendment line of investigation, which took us away from our initial objectives, but led to interesting work focusing on seed-associated microbial communities and their functional significance to seed-infecting pathogens. Work done in Israel was using suppressive compost amended potting mix throughout the study and did not have such problems. Our work focused on the following objectives: 1) to determine whether different plant species support a microbial induced suppression of Pythium damping-off, 2) to determine whether compost microbes that colonize seeds during early stages of seed germination can adequately explain levels of damping-off suppression observed, 3) to characterize cucumber seed-colonizing microbial communities that give rise to the disease suppressive properties, 4) assess carbon competition between seed-colonizing microbes and Pythium sporangia as a means of explaining Pythium damping-off suppression. Background: Earlier work demonstrated that seed-colonizing microbes might explain Pythium suppression. Yet these seed-colonizing microbial communities have never been characterized and their functional significance to Pythium damping-off suppression is not known. Our work set out to confirm the disease suppressive properties of seed-colonizing microbes, to characterize communities, and begin to determine the mechanisms by which Pythium suppression occurs. Major Conclusions: Compost-induced suppression of Pythium damping-off of cucumber and wheat can be explained by the bacterial consortia colonizing seeds within 8 h of sowing. Suppression on pea was highly variable. Fungi and archaea play no role in disease suppression. Potentially significant bacterial taxa are those with affinities to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Current sequencing efforts are trying to resolve these taxa. Seed colonizing bacteria suppress Pythium by carbon competition, allowing sporangium germination by preventing the development of germ tubes. Presence of Pythium had a strong effect on microbial community on the seed.
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Critchlow, T. Challenges in Microbial Database Interoperability Interagency Microbe Project Working Group. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15005933.

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Chase, K. L., R. S. Bryant, K. M. Bertus, and A. K. Stepp. Investigations of mechanisms of microbial enhanced oil recovery by microbes and their metabolic products. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6469838.

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Yang, Peidong, Rong Cai, Ji Min Kim, Stefano Cestellos-Blanco, and Jianbo Jin. Microbes 2.0: Engineering Microbes with Nanomaterials. AsiaChem Magazine, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/acm00009.

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While you are enjoying bread and wine, have you ever wondered what creates such fascinating foods? Bakers? Brewers? Humans have teamed with microorganisms for thousands of years. Baker’s yeast causes bread to rise; brewer’s yeast ferments sugar into alcohol to make wine and beers. All those fascinating processes and endless flavors are created by microbes.
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Williams, Kenneth Hurst. Monitoring microbe-induced physical property changes using high-frequency acoustic waveform data: Toward the development of a microbial megascope. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799627.

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Chen, Yona, Jeffrey Buyer, and Yitzhak Hadar. Microbial Activity in the Rhizosphere in Relation to the Iron Nutrition of Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7613020.bard.

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Iron is the fourth most abundant element in the soil, but since it forms insoluble hydroxides at neutral and basic pH, it often falls short of meeting the basic requirements of plants and microorganisms. Most aerobic and facultative aerobic microorganisms possess a high-affinity Fe transport system in which siderophores are excreted and the consequent Fe complex is taken up via a cognate specific receptor and a transport pathway. The role of the siderophore in Fe uptake by plants and microorganisms was the focus of this study. In this research Rhizopus arrhizus was found to produce a novel siderophore named Rhizoferrin when grown under Fe deficiency. This compound was purified and its chemical structure was elucidated. Fe-Rhizoferrin was found to alleviate Fe deficiency when applied to several plants grown in nutrient solutions. It was concluded that Fe-Rhizoferrin is the most efficient Fe source for plants when compared with other among microbial siderophores known to date and its activity equals that of the most efficient synthetic commercial iron fertilizer-Fe EDDHA. Siderophores produced by several rhizosphere organisms including Rhizopus Pseudomonas were purified. Monoclonal antibodies were produced and used to develop a method for detection of the siderophores produced by plant-growth-promoting microorganisms in barley rhizosphere. The presence of an Fe-ferrichrome uptake in fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. was demonstrated, and its structural requirements were mapped in P. putida with the help of biomimetic ferrichrome analogs. Using competition experiments, it was shown that FOB, Cop B and FC share at least one common determinant in their uptake pathway. Since FC analogs did not affect FOB or Cop-mediated 55Fe uptake, it could be concluded that these siderophores make use of a different receptor(s) than FC. Therefore, recognition of Cop, FOB and FC proceeds through different receptors having different structural requirements. On the other hand, the phytosiderophores mugineic acid (MA and DMA), were utilized indirectly via ligand exchange by P. putida. Receptors from different biological systems seem to differ in their structural requirements for siderophore recognition and uptake. The design of genus- or species-specific drugs, probes or chemicals, along with an understanding of plant-microbe and microbe-microbe relationships as well as developing methods to detect siderophores using monoclonal antibodies are useful for manipulating the composition of the rhizosphere microbial population for better plant growth, Fe-nutrition and protection from diseases.
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Timothy J. Donohue. Microbial Formaldehyde Oxidation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/834972.

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Fries, David, and John Paul. Autonomous Microbial Genosensor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629476.

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Fries, David, and John Paul. Autonomous Microbial Genosensor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627010.

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