Academic literature on the topic 'Microalgal bioreactor'
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Journal articles on the topic "Microalgal bioreactor"
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Stiawan, Elva. "Evaluation of The Biochemical Contents in Guillard f/2 and Walne Growth Medium to Fulfill the Animal-Free Aspects of Microalgal Bioprocessing." Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies 1, no. 2 (December 13, 2022): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.55749/ijcs.v1i2.16.
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Marine microalgae with their diverse biomolecule contents could be used as potential sources of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical ingredients. In accordance with regulations in some countries and to competitively engage huge numbers of consumers, microalgae-based products should be properly manufactured using non-animal-derived materials. As a cultivable microorganism using a scalable bioreactor technique, consideration of the origin of the material used in the upstream process of marine microalgae was inevitable. Currently, the material origin of chemical contents within common artificial microalgal seawater medium had not been evaluated. This article evaluated Guillard f/2 and Walne medium as common artificial microalgal nutrients used in marine microalgal bioprocess-related activities. The risk assessment results showed that the largest portion of Guillard f/2 and Walne media were inorganic salts considered as low, while the remaining biochemical contents of vitamins were categorized as high risk due to their relatively complex chemical synthesis and enzymatic stages during the manufacturing process. As a suggestion, several plant-based bioproducts were proposed as alternative sources to substitute related biochemical actions to fulfill non-animal-origin aspects in the initial stages of the bioprocessing of marine microalgal-based products.
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Nguyen, Luong N., Minh V. Truong, Anh Q. Nguyen, Md Abu Hasan Johir, Audrey S. Commault, Peter J. Ralph, Galilee U. Semblante, and Long D. Nghiem. "A sequential membrane bioreactor followed by a membrane microalgal reactor for nutrient removal and algal biomass production." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 6, no. 1 (2020): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ew00851a.
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Orlando, Aliff Muhammad, Sulthan Rafii Ardiansyah, Arif Rahman, Nining Betawati Prihantini, and Nasruddin. "Effects of aeration intensity as agitation in simple photobioreactors on leptolyngbya (cyanobacteria) growth as biofuel feedstock." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186702011.
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Indonesia known as a hotspot of biodiversity, including cyanobacteria biodiversity. One member of cyanobacteria (prokaryotic algae) is Leptolyngbya. Leptolyngbya HS-16 is an isolate that had been isolated from hot spring in Red Crater of Gunung Pancar, Sentul, Bogor. As mats-producing microalgae, this strain is a very promising source of Biofuel. Biofuel can be extracted from lipid of microalgal biomass. Bioreactor is a method to encourage the growth of microalgal biomass. To get a best result in growth, agitation must be done, to make sure every single cell of microalgae gets the adequate nutrition. The aeration on simple photobioreactors is set to high and low intensity. The high intensity of aerations average amount are 191 bubble/min, while the low intensity one are 117 bubble/min, with a device that could produce smaller bubble size to reduce the aeration-agitation effect. The research was done to acknowledge the effect of aeration intensity to Leptolygnbya HS-16.
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Morowvat, Mohammad H., and Younes Ghasemi. "Maximizing Biomass and Lipid Production in Heterotrophic Culture of Chlorella vulgaris: Techno-Economic Assessment." Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture 10, no. 2 (September 18, 2019): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212798410666180911100034.
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Background: Nowadays, chlorophycean microalgae have attained a broad-spectrum attention as a potential candidate for biomass and bioenergy production. Despite their appreciated benefits, one of major problems is their low biomass and lipid productivity. Here we investigated the heterotrophic culture in shake flasks and stirred tank bioreactor to improve the lipid and biomass production in a naturally isolated strain of Chlorella vulgaris. Methods: A naturally isolated C. vulgaris strain was cultivated in BG-11 medium in shake flask and bioreactor. Its biochemical composition and growth kinetic parameters were investigated. Results: The biomass productivity was improved (3.68 fold) under heterotrophic culture compared to basal autotrophic culture condition in shake flask experiment. The total lipid content increased to 44% of total Dry Cell Weight (DCW) during heterotrophic growth after 21 days. Moreover, a great Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) yield was observed under heterotrophic cultivation. Total biomass and lipid content of microalgae in bioreactor experiment increased to 4.95 and 2.18 g L-1 respectively, during 5 days of the experiment compared to its basic autotrophic culture. Conclusion: The techno-economic aspects of exploiting C. vulgaris as a biodiesel feedstock werealso evaluated. The results imply that heterotrophic cultivation could compensate the low biomass productivity in microalgae for green energy production. Ever growing rates of established patents on application of various genetic and bioengineering-based methods have made it possible to achieve higher lipid contents with reduced total costs for microalgal biodiesel production as well.
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Vasilieva, Svetlana, Alexandr Lukyanov, Christina Antipova, Timofei Grigoriev, Elena Lobakova, Olga Chivkunova, Pavel Scherbakov, et al. "Interactive Effects of Ceftriaxone and Chitosan Immobilization on the Production of Arachidonic Acid by and the Microbiome of the Chlorophyte Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 13 (July 1, 2023): 10988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310988.
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Pharmaceuticals including antibiotics are among the hazardous micropollutants (HMP) of the environment. Incomplete degradation of the HMP leads to their persistence in water bodies causing a plethora of deleterious effects. Conventional wastewater treatment cannot remove HMP completely and a promising alternative comprises biotechnologies based on microalgae. The use of immobilized microalgae in environmental biotechnology is advantageous since immobilized cultures allow the recycling of the microalgal cells, support higher cell densities, and boost tolerance of microalgae to stresses including HMP. Here, we report on a comparative study of HMP (exemplified by the antibiotic ceftriaxone, CTA) removal by suspended and chitosan-immobilized cells of Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047 in flasks and in a column bioreactor. The removal of CTA added in the concentration of 20 mg/L was as high as 65% (in the flasks) or 85% (in the bioreactor). The adsorption on the carrier and abiotic oxidation were the main processes contributing 65–70% to the total CTA removal, while both suspended and immobilized cells took up 25–30% of CTA. Neither the immobilization nor CTA affected the accumulation of arachidonic acid (ARA) by Lobosphaera sp. during bioreactor tests but the subsequent nitrogen deprivation increased ARA accumulation 2.5 and 1.7 times in the suspended and chitosan-immobilized microalgae, respectively. The study of the Lobosphaera sp. microbiome revealed that the immobilization of chitosan rather than the CTA exposure was the main factor displacing the taxonomic composition of the microbiome. The possibility and limitations of the use of chitosan-immobilized Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047 for HMP removal coupled with the production of valuable long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids is discussed.
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Paik, Sang-Min, Sang-Jun Sim, and Noo Li Jeon. "Microfluidic perfusion bioreactor for optimization of microalgal lipid productivity." Bioresource Technology 233 (June 2017): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.050.
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Mori, K., H. Ohya, K. Matsumoto, and H. Furune. "Sunlight supply and gas exchange systems in microalgal bioreactor." Advances in Space Research 7, no. 4 (January 1987): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(87)90031-7.
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Surisetty, Kartik, Hector De la Hoz Siegler, William C. McCaffrey, and Amos Ben-Zvi. "Robust modeling of a microalgal heterotrophic fed-batch bioreactor." Chemical Engineering Science 65, no. 19 (October 2010): 5402–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2010.06.008.
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Loomba, Varun, Eric von Lieres, and Gregor Huber. "How Do Operational and Design Parameters Effect Biomass Productivity in a Flat-Panel Photo-Bioreactor? A Computational Analysis." Processes 9, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 1387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9081387.
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Optimal production of microalgae in photo-bioreactors (PBRs) largely depends on the amount of light intensity received by individual algal cells, which is affected by several operational and design factors. A key question is: which process parameters have the highest potential for the optimization of biomass productivity? This can be analyzed by simulating the complex interplay of PBR design, hydrodynamics, dynamic light exposure, and growth of algal cells. A workflow was established comprising the simulation of hydrodynamics in a flat-panel PBR using computational fluid dynamics, calculation of light irradiation inside the PBR, tracing the light exposure of individual cells over time, and calculation the algal growth and biomass productivity based on this light exposure. Different PBR designs leading to different flow profiles were compared, and operational parameters such as air inlet flowrate, microalgal concentration, and incident light intensity were varied to investigate their effect on PBR productivity. The design of internal structures and lighting had a significant effect on biomass productivity, whereas air inlet flowrate had a minimal effect. Microalgal concentration and incident light intensity controlled the amount of light intensity inside the PBR, thereby significantly affecting the overall productivity. For detailed quantitative insight into these dependencies, better parameterization of algal growth models is required.
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Metsoviti, Maria N., George Papapolymerou, Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis, and Nikolaos Katsoulas. "Effect of Light Intensity and Quality on Growth Rate and Composition of Chlorella vulgaris." Plants 9, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9010031.
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In this research, the effect of solar irradiance on Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in open bioreactors under greenhouse conditions was investigated, as well as of ratio of light intensity in the 420–520 nm range to light in the 580–680 nm range (I420–520/I580–680) and of artificial irradiation provided by red and white LED lamps in a closed flat plate laboratory bioreactor on the growth rate and composition. The increase in solar irradiance led to faster growth rates (μexp) of C. vulgaris under both environmental conditions studied in the greenhouse (in June up to 0.33 d−1 and in September up to 0.29 d−1) and higher lipid content in microalgal biomass (in June up to 25.6% and in September up to 24.7%). In the experiments conducted in the closed bioreactor, as the ratio I420–520/I580–680 increased, the specific growth rate and the biomass, protein and lipid productivities increased as well. Additionally, the increase in light intensity with red and white LED lamps resulted in faster growth rates (the μexp increased up to 0.36 d−1) and higher lipid content (up to 22.2%), while the protein, fiber, ash and moisture content remained relatively constant. Overall, the trend in biomass, lipid, and protein productivities as a function of light intensity was similar in the two systems (greenhouse and bioreactor).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Microalgal bioreactor"
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Jones, Sarah Melissa Jane. "Mixing, mass transfer and energy analysis across bioreactor types in microalgal cultivation and lipid production." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20064.
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Microalgae are recognised as a source of lipids for bioenergy, nutrients and pharmaceuticals. Photobioreactors, closed vessels for microalgal cultivation, are known to have high energy consumption due to mixing and aeration. Sparging is commonly used for mixing and gas-liquid mass transfer in photobioreactors, but is energy intensive. The aim of this work was to reduce these energy requirements by optimising conventional sparging and considering surface aeration coupled with mechanical agitation as an alternative. An airlift photobioreactor was used as a base for comparison with two novel, surface aerated reactors: oscillatory baffled and wave photobioreactors. The three bioreactors were compared in terms of power input, mixing, CO2 mass transfer, algal growth and lipid production. Prior to comparison, each photobioreactor was optimised based on these parameters. To calculate power input, isothermal gas expansion equations were used for sparged systems and calorimetry was used for mechanically agitation systems. Mixing was investigated using a salt tracer and phenolphthalein indicator and mass transfer was measured using the gassing-in method. Scenedesmus sp., a high lipid-producer, was cultivated in low nitrate media across a range of mixing rates in each photobioreactor.In the airlift photobioreactor a critical minimum CO2 supply rate (of 2.7×10-5 m s-1) was found, below which carbon was limiting and above which energy was spent on sparging without increased productivity (0.20 g L-1 d-1 biomass; 0.03 g L-1 d-1 lipid). In the oscillatory baffled reactor, insufficient mass transfer limited algal productivity (0.11 g L-1 d-1 biomass; 0.02 g L-1 d-1 lipid). The wave reactor had high CO2 mass transfer coefficients (10 – 140 h-1) in comparison to the airlift (2.7 – 40 h-1) and oscillatory baffled reactors (6.3 – 37 h-1). Sufficient biomass productivity (0.18 g L- -1 d-1) and higher lipid productivity (0.045 g L-1 d-1) at lower power input in the wave reactor resulted in higher energy efficiency compared to the airlift reactor. Life cycle analysis of simulated algal biodiesel production showed that bioreactor energy contributed 99% of total energy consumption. Therefore, the global warming potential was reduced by 73% when the airlift reactor was operated at the critical minimum CO2 supply (with gas compression to 2 bar) and a further 19% when the wave reactor was
used. This work offers an energy efficient alternative to sparging, through the generation of a well-mixed wave in a surface aerated bioreactor. It also offers methods for optimisation of energy usage with respect to mixing and aeration. Reducing bioreactor energy consumption is key to feasibility, and was demonstrated here to reduce energy-related environmental burdens.
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Klein, Bruno Colling 1987. "Cultivo de microalgas para produção de bioetanol de terceira geração." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266647.
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Orientadores: Maria Regina Wolf Maciel, Reinaldo Gaspar BastosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química
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Resumo: A busca por uma maior sustentabilidade tem levado a uma mudança em direção à utilização de fontes renováveis para geração de energia em detrimento do uso de combustíveis fósseis, visando a uma modificação na matriz energética global. A utilização da biomassa de microalgas para produção de biocombustíveis vem sendo vista como uma alternativa promissora, uma vez que o seu cultivo proporciona produtividades em carboidratos e lipídios superiores às matérias-primas vegetais convencionalmente utilizadas na obtenção de etanol e biodiesel. Neste contexto, o objetivo da presente dissertação de mestrado foi avaliar a produção de biomassa da microalga clorofícea Chlorella vulgaris em fotobiorreator de placa plana em diferentes condições de fluxo luminoso, concentração de CO2 na alimentação gasosa e concentração de NaNO3 no meio de cultivo, visando o acúmulo de carboidratos para obtenção de bioetanol de terceira geração. As influências das variáveis nutricionais e de processo sobre a eficiência fotossintética das microalgas também foram estimadas para determinação do estado fisiológico das culturas. A produtividade média de biomassa e a concentração máxima final das microalgas foram significativamente afetadas pela incidência de radiação luminosa e pela suplementação de CO2 gasoso, obtendo-se maiores produtividades de carboidratos em cultivos com alto fluxo luminoso e concentrações de CO2 intermediárias (7,5%). Também foi observado o efeito positivo do aumento do fotoperíodo sobre o crescimento das microalgas. Através de hidrólise ácida foi possível atingir concentrações de até 2 g L-1 de açúcares fermentescíveis no hidrolisado a partir de biomassa de microalgas cultivadas em meio com baixo teor de nitrogênio. A fermentação etanólica foi então conduzida com a levedura Dekkerabruxellensis capaz de converter diferentes hexoses e pentoses em bioetanol, dada a presença de ambos os tipos de açúcares no hidrolisado
Abstract: The search for industrial processes with higher sustainability has led to a change towards the utilization of renewable sources for energy generation in substitution of fossil fuels, aiming the modification of the global energy matrix. The utilization of microalgal biomass for the production of biofuels is viewed as a promising alternative, since its cultivation yields carbohydrate and lipid productivities superior to those of conventional sources used in the obtention of bioethanol and biodiesel. In this context, the goal of this master thesis was to evaluate the biomass production of the chlorophycean microalga Chlorella vulgaris in a flat plate photobioreactor under different conditions of light flux, CO2 concentration in the gas feed and NaNO3 concentration in the culture medium, aiming carbohydrate accumulation for the production of third generation bioethanol. The influences of both process and nutritional variables on the photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae were estimated for the determination of the physiological condition of the cultures. The mean biomass productivity and the maximum final microalgae concentration were significantly affected by the incidence of light radiation and by the supplementation of gaseous CO2, the highest carbohydrate productivities being obtained in cultivations with high light flux and intermediate CO2 concentrations (7,5%). It was also observed the positive effect of increasing the photoperiod over microalgae growth. Through acid hydrolysis, it was possible to attain fermentable sugar concentration of up to 2 g L-1 from biomass of microalgae cultivated in low-nitrogen medium. The ethanolic fermentation was then carried out with the Dekkerabruxellensis yeast, capable of converting different hexoses and pentoses into ethanol, due to the presence of both sugar types in the hydrolysate
Mestrado
Desenvolvimento de Processos Químicos
Mestre em Engenharia Química
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Wong, Yih Han. "Growth modelling and analysis of microalgae cultivation in photo-bioreactor." Thesis, Curtin University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2324.
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Design of Experiments was applied in this study to identify the effects of interaction between environmental conditions on Chlorella vulgaris growth in flat panel photo-bioreactors. Three mathematical regression models were developed to illustrate growth rate, biomass productivity and lipid productivity. The optimum lipid productivity of 1.75 mg/L•day was obtained under optimized process setting of 5 g/L bicarbonate concentration, 0.97 g/L nitrate concentration and light irradiance of 4500 LUX.
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Gera, G. "Treatment of sewage water by using microalgae coupled with membrane bioreactor (MBR) system." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, 2017. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/4354.
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This thesis investigates the treatment of sewage water by using microalgae coupled with the membrane technology. Membrane technology was used to serve dual purpose of sewage water treatment as well as to study the harvesting of microalgae. However, harvesting of algal biomass remains a major challenge for the industrial researchers. The present study provides an evidence that backwashing which is currently being practiced worldwide can be a productive way to reduce fouling or blockage of the membrane and increase its harvesting potential, still no ultimate solution for the complete prevention of biofouling of membranes have been developed. In the present research, study was carried out to reduce the residence time for the treatment of sewage water using microalgae by using local microalgae isolates and starving them for the nutrients. Immobilization of standard culture was studied for the sewage water treatment to make the process feasible on large scale. Studies on different membrane materials as well as operating parameters were investigated to choose the best membrane for harvesting the grown algal biomass. Economic analysis for the whole process was examined by considering a village as a case study“Microalgae in combination with membrane technology is an emerging process to combat the ever increasing pollution in the water bodies (rivers, lakes and sea) along with CO2 sequestration in a eco-friendly way without using the chemicals. As a microalga cultivates under four different conditions (photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, mixotrophic and photohetrotrophic), it can uptake nutrients, organic compounds, inorganic carbon (in the form of CO2)in the presence of bacteria and uses natural sunlight as a energy source for their growth. In short, microalgae are versatile unicellular species which not only prevents the eutrophication of the water bodies but also helps to increase the dissolved oxygen concentration thereby, helping the aquatic habitat to flourish in a natural way. As, microalgae were generally dispersed and suspended in the water, its harvesting is one of the bottleneck issue of the microalgal industries to grow forits mass production for various applications like fertilizers, biofuel, animal feed etc. Recently membrane technology shows sustainable solution for the harvesting of microalgae from water. Membrane filtration in combination with microalgal treatment for sewage water not only reduces the water footprints but also reduce the energy requirement as it does not require extensive oxygen like the conventional sewage water treatment plants. Therefore, microalgae in combination with membrane technology will be the futuristic technology for the treatment of sewage water. Conventional sewage water treatment plant required huge amount of air for aeration which is costly and also space required for plant is very large. The main objective of this dissertation is to (1) Screen and isolate microalgae from its natural habitat having potential to remove nutrients from sewage water.(2) Sewage water treatment using starved isolated microalgae species for the efficient removal of nutrients (TN and TP) (3)Optimization of process parameters for improving growth rate of microalgae and effective removal of nutrients.(4) Study the kinetics of nutrients uptake from the sewage water by immobilizing microalgae as well as to make effort for the reduction in the residence time. (5) Harvesting of microalgal biomass by applying membrane technology using different types of membranes. (6) Study the effects of various operational parameters such as Tran-membrane pressure (TMP), fluxes and membranes physicochemical properties parameters to get higher fluxes with maximum biomass recovery. (7) Economical analysis of the whole process for the treatment of sewage water using microalgae in combination with membrane technology for a small village. The microalgae-membrane based technology has a huge potential for the treatment of sewage as well as industrial wastewater in the near future. However, efficient design of photo-bioreactors or raceway pond using artificial radiation or solar radiation is essential. The commercial viability for the treatment of sewage water/industrial wastewater using microalgae-membrane based process will be depend upon the efficiency of microalgae for uptake of nutrients, design of photo-bioreactor for growth of microalgae and its harvesting using suitable membrane technology.”
CSIR and Goverment of India. project code #ESC0306
AcSIR
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Rengel, Ana. "Energy and environmental analyses of a bioreactor for microalgae culture for energy production." Paris, ENMP, 2010. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00631067.
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Les microalgues sont des organismes photosynthétiques considérés pour la production d'énergie. Les photobioréacteurs sont des systèmes fermés avec des productivités plus importantes que les bassins ouverts. Cette étude concerne l'expérimentation et la modélisation d'un réacteur du type « airlift à circulation interne». Des microparticules sont ajoutées pour modéliser les concentrations d'algues dans le réacteur. Les fractions du gaz et les vitesses du liquide ne sont pas affectées par la présence de microparticules. La distribution de la lumière dans le réacteur est calculée en considérant les concentrations de la biomasse et les propriétés optiques des algues. La lumière est atténuée de la paroi jusqu'au centre du réacteur et cette atténuation augmente avec la concentration de la biomasse. Les productivités de biomasse, estimées en utilisant deux modèles biologiques, montrent que celles obtenues dans les photobioréacteurs sont plus élevées que celles obtenues dans les bassins ouverts. La capacité du réacteur pour absorber du CO2 et produire de l'O2 est évaluée selon les productivités obtenues. A intensités lumineuses modérées, l'O2 dissout n'atteint pas le niveau d'intoxication, même pour de faibles débits d'air. Le CO2 et le CIT deviennent limitant si de l'air naturel est injecté dans le bioréacteur. Il est donc nécessaire d'injecter de l'air enrichi en CO2. L'hydrodynamique d'un réacteur airlift hélicoïdal est également présentée. Deux diamètres de tuyaux sont testés dans la section hélicoïdale. Une corrélation est proposée pour estimer le coefficient de frottement en fonction du Reynolds et le rapport entre le diamètre d'enroulement et le diamètre de tuyau. Pour réaliser la culture de microalgues à l'échelle industrielle, il est indispensable d'obtenir un bilan énergétique positif et de faibles émissions de GES. Pour cela, il faudra intégrer la culture dans des procédés de transformation tels que la production de biodiesel et la digestion anaérobiqueMicroalgae are photosynthetic organisms considered today for energy production. Photobioreactors are closed systems that present higher productivities than open ponds. In this study, a hydrodynamic model is developed for an internal airlift reactor and validated experimentally. Microparticles are added to the reactor at concentrations found in current microalgae cultures. Results show that gas hold-up and liquid velocities are not affected by the presence of particles. Light distribution and availability in the internal airlift reactor is calculated, taking into account biomass concentrations and algae optical properties. Light is attenuated from the wall to the reactor center while this attenuation increases with biomass concentrations. Based on two biological models, biomass productivities achieved in photobioreactors are higher than in open ponds. From biomass productivities, the reactor capacity to absorb CO2 and to release O2 is estimated. Results show that at moderate irradiances, dissolved O2 levels do not reach intoxication at low air flow rates. If natural air is injected into the reactor, CO2 and TIC become limiting therefore, it is necessary to inject CO2-enriched air. The hydrodynamics of a helical airlift reactor is also presented. Two pipe diameters are tested in the helical section. A mathematical correlation is proposed to estimate the friction factor as a function of the Reynolds number and curvature ratios. To perform microalgae culture at large scale, it is necessary to obtain a positive energy and GHGs balance. Therefore, microalgae culture has to be integrated in a system where conversion processes such as biodiesel production and anaerobic digestion are performed
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Larronde-Larretche, Mathieu. "Development of a novel membrane bioreactor for cost-effective wastewater treatment and microalgae harvesting." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30805/.
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The rapid depletion of fossil fuels has raised increasing attention worldwide, and initiated intensive research for sustainable alternatives for energy production. Among these, biodiesel from microalgae has appeared as one of the most promising candidate due to their ability to accumulate large amount of lipids. Indeed, microalgae can achieve a productivity up to 25 higher than other crop sources without need of cultivatable soil, therefore without competing with food production. In the meantime, microalgae have also shown promising results for the treatment of various kind of wastewaters. However, the cultivation of microalgae for energy production suffers from the large costs of harvesting and dewatering of biomass, prior to lipid extraction and biofuel production, which accounts for up to 50% of operating costs. Therefore, the search for cost-effective methods of harvesting and dewatering of microalgae biomass has become necessary to optimize their usage. This study investigates forward osmosis (FO) for the dewatering of microalgae biomass and its implementation within a photobioreactor used for wastewater treatment. FO is a cost-effective filtration process based on the differences of osmotic pressure across a semi-permeable membrane. The use of FO for microalgae dewatering is of high interest, given the high fouling ability of microalgae biomass and the low fouling promises of FO. First, the feasibility of using FO for microalgae dewatering was assessed, focusing on better understanding the fouling mechanisms involved. The filtration performances have been investigated under various operating parameters. It has been found that when Ca2+-containing draw solutions were used, microalgae responded to the back diffusion of calcium ions by an extensive excretion of carbohydrates, accelerating the formation of algal flocs, thus enhancing the rate and extent of flux decline and reducing the algae dewatering efficiency. However, most of the fouling was reversible by simple hydraulic flushing. In addition, substantial adsorption of algal biomass was observed on the feed spacer. Also, Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, with fructose and abundant glucose and mannose in its cell wall, showed strong response to the back diffusion of calcium ions which encouraged S. obliquus to produce more extracellular carbohydrates and formed a stable gel network between algal biomass and extracellular carbohydrates, leading to algae aggregation and severe loss in both water flux and algae biomass during FO dewatering with Ca2+-containing draw solution. Among the species investigated, Chlorella vulgaris without fructose was the most suitable microalgae species to be dewatered by FO with a high algae recovery and negligible flux decline regardless of which draw solution was applied. These findings improve mechanical understanding of FO membrane fouling by microalgae; have significant implications for the algae species selection; and are critical for the development and optimization of FO dewatering processes. Finally, the implementation of FO dewatering with continuous microalgae biomass production and synthetic wastewater treatment was investigated. Two systems (External FO ; Immersed FO) have been studied and compared in order to provide insights on the advantages and disadvantages of each system. Constant parameters have been set identical for both systems: operation time; photobioreactor; hydraulic retention time; biomass production; FO permeate volume. The results reveals that the wastewater treatment efficiency (nutrients removal), as well as the production of biomass were greater with the immersed system due to a greater microalgae growth. However, these may not be sustainable in a long term operation of the immersed system. The external FO system was found better in terms of salinity build-up and FO dewatering performances. Overall, an external FO dewatering is recommended due to its better flexibility and sustainability.
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Walker, Tara L. "The Development Of Microalgae As A Bioreactor System For The Production Of Recombinant Proteins." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15905/1/Tara_Walker_Thesis.pdf.
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Dunaliella, a genus of unicellular, biflagellate green algae, is one of the most studied microalgae for mass culture and is of commercial importance as a source of natural -carotene. Dunaliella species have the desirable properties of halotolerance and photoautotrophy that makes their large-scale culture simple and cheap using resources unsuitable for conventional agriculture. The ease and cost-effectiveness of culture makes Dunaliella a desirable target for increased production of natural compounds by metabolic engineering or for exploitation as biological factories for the synthesis of novel high-value compounds. However, the lack of efficient genetic transformation systems has been a major limitation in the manipulation of these microalgae.
In chapter four we describe the development of a nuclear transformation system for Dunaliella tertiolecta. The gene encoding the phleomycin-binding protein from Streptoalloteichus hindustanus, was chosen as the selectable marker as this protein retains activity at high salt concentrations. To drive expression of the chosen selectable marker, two highly expressed Dunaliella tertiolecta RbcS genes and their associated 5' and 3' regulatory regions were isolated and characterised (chapter three). Dunaliella transformation cassettes containing the RbcS promoter and terminator regions flanking the ble antibiotic resistance gene were constructed. These expression cassettes were tested in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells and found to drive expression of the ble gene in this heterologous system. This study also demonstrated that truncation of both the D. tertiolecta RbcS1 and RbcS2 regulatory regions significantly increases the expression of the ble gene in C. reinhardtii cells. To determine if the foreign DNA could stably integrate into the Dunaliella genome, four transformation methods: microprojectile bombardment, glass bead-mediated transformation, PEG-mediated transformation and electroporation were tested and a number of parameters varied. Southern blot analysis revealed that the plasmid DNA transiently entered the Dunaliella cells following electroporation but was rapidly degraded. Following electroporation, one stably transformed Dunaliella line was recovered. This is the first demonstration of the stable transformation of this alga.
Chloroplast transformation is becoming a favoured method for the production of recombinant proteins in plants, as levels of heterologous protein are often higher than those achieved by transforming the nucleus. The Dunaliella chloroplast genome has not been genetically characterised, and thus there were no existing promoter and terminator sequences or sequences of intergenic regions that could be used for vectors in transformation of the chloroplast. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and characterise promoters of highly expressed genes and matching terminators capable of driving transgene expression, and also to characterise intergenic regions that would be suitable insertion sites for the vector construct (chapter five). The complete gene sequence of two highly expressed Dunaliella chloroplast genes psbB and rbcL including the promoter and terminator regions as well as the coding sequence of the psbA gene were cloned and sequenced. In addition, the psbA gene is useful as a selectable marker as introduced mutations confer resistance to the herbicide 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-Dimethylurea (DCMU). Two homologous transformation constructs based on mutated psbA genes were developed and tested using microprojectile bombardment. A number of parameters were tested including: the size of the gold microprojectile particle, the distance of the plates from the point of discharge, plating onto membranes or filter paper, helium pressure, addition of an osmoticum to the medium and recovery time. Although no chloroplast transformants were recovered in this study, these homologous recombination constructs should prove useful in the development of a chloroplast transformation protocol.
The other major component of this study was to investigate the use of microalgae as an expression system for the production of recombinant proteins. Transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a species related to Dunaliella, is well developed. In chapter six, this study examined the expression of two human proteins, -lactalbumin and IGF-1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plasmids containing the C. reinhardtii RbcS2 promoter upstream of the cDNAs of these two proteins were introduced into C. reinhardtii cells using glass-bead mediated transformation. Transgenic C. reinhardtii lines were generated and shown to contain the transgenes by PCR and Southern hybridisation. RT- PCR and northern hybridisation were subsequently used to demonstrate that the transgenes were transcriptionally active. The transcripts however, could only be detected by RT-PCR indicating that the genes were transcribed at low levels. Accumulation of the -lactalbumin protein could not be demonstrated, suggesting that although the transgenes were transcribed, they were either not translated or translated at levels below the sensitivity of western blot analysis or that any protein produced was rapidly degraded. Previous studies have indicated that in microalgae codon usage is vital in translation of the foreign protein. Codon modification of the IGF-I and -lactalbumin genes should lead to higher levels of protein accumulation.
This study reports the first successful stable nuclear transformation of Dunaliella tertiolecta. Therefore it is now feasible that Dunaliella can be examined as a bioreactor for the expression of recombinant proteins. In addition, two chloroplast genes (psbB and rbcL) and their corresponding promoters and terminators have been characterised and a selectable marker cassette based on the mutated psbA gene constructed.
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Walker, Tara L. "The Development Of Microalgae As A Bioreactor System For The Production Of Recombinant Proteins." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15905/.
Full textAbstract:
Dunaliella, a genus of unicellular, biflagellate green algae, is one of the most studied microalgae for mass culture and is of commercial importance as a source of natural -carotene. Dunaliella species have the desirable properties of halotolerance and photoautotrophy that makes their large-scale culture simple and cheap using resources unsuitable for conventional agriculture. The ease and cost-effectiveness of culture makes Dunaliella a desirable target for increased production of natural compounds by metabolic engineering or for exploitation as biological factories for the synthesis of novel high-value compounds. However, the lack of efficient genetic transformation systems has been a major limitation in the manipulation of these microalgae. In chapter four we describe the development of a nuclear transformation system for Dunaliella tertiolecta. The gene encoding the phleomycin-binding protein from Streptoalloteichus hindustanus, was chosen as the selectable marker as this protein retains activity at high salt concentrations. To drive expression of the chosen selectable marker, two highly expressed Dunaliella tertiolecta RbcS genes and their associated 5' and 3' regulatory regions were isolated and characterised (chapter three). Dunaliella transformation cassettes containing the RbcS promoter and terminator regions flanking the ble antibiotic resistance gene were constructed. These expression cassettes were tested in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells and found to drive expression of the ble gene in this heterologous system. This study also demonstrated that truncation of both the D. tertiolecta RbcS1 and RbcS2 regulatory regions significantly increases the expression of the ble gene in C. reinhardtii cells. To determine if the foreign DNA could stably integrate into the Dunaliella genome, four transformation methods: microprojectile bombardment, glass bead-mediated transformation, PEG-mediated transformation and electroporation were tested and a number of parameters varied. Southern blot analysis revealed that the plasmid DNA transiently entered the Dunaliella cells following electroporation but was rapidly degraded. Following electroporation, one stably transformed Dunaliella line was recovered. This is the first demonstration of the stable transformation of this alga. Chloroplast transformation is becoming a favoured method for the production of recombinant proteins in plants, as levels of heterologous protein are often higher than those achieved by transforming the nucleus. The Dunaliella chloroplast genome has not been genetically characterised, and thus there were no existing promoter and terminator sequences or sequences of intergenic regions that could be used for vectors in transformation of the chloroplast. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and characterise promoters of highly expressed genes and matching terminators capable of driving transgene expression, and also to characterise intergenic regions that would be suitable insertion sites for the vector construct (chapter five). The complete gene sequence of two highly expressed Dunaliella chloroplast genes psbB and rbcL including the promoter and terminator regions as well as the coding sequence of the psbA gene were cloned and sequenced. In addition, the psbA gene is useful as a selectable marker as introduced mutations confer resistance to the herbicide 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-Dimethylurea (DCMU). Two homologous transformation constructs based on mutated psbA genes were developed and tested using microprojectile bombardment. A number of parameters were tested including: the size of the gold microprojectile particle, the distance of the plates from the point of discharge, plating onto membranes or filter paper, helium pressure, addition of an osmoticum to the medium and recovery time. Although no chloroplast transformants were recovered in this study, these homologous recombination constructs should prove useful in the development of a chloroplast transformation protocol. The other major component of this study was to investigate the use of microalgae as an expression system for the production of recombinant proteins. Transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a species related to Dunaliella, is well developed. In chapter six, this study examined the expression of two human proteins, -lactalbumin and IGF-1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plasmids containing the C. reinhardtii RbcS2 promoter upstream of the cDNAs of these two proteins were introduced into C. reinhardtii cells using glass-bead mediated transformation. Transgenic C. reinhardtii lines were generated and shown to contain the transgenes by PCR and Southern hybridisation. RT- PCR and northern hybridisation were subsequently used to demonstrate that the transgenes were transcriptionally active. The transcripts however, could only be detected by RT-PCR indicating that the genes were transcribed at low levels. Accumulation of the -lactalbumin protein could not be demonstrated, suggesting that although the transgenes were transcribed, they were either not translated or translated at levels below the sensitivity of western blot analysis or that any protein produced was rapidly degraded. Previous studies have indicated that in microalgae codon usage is vital in translation of the foreign protein. Codon modification of the IGF-I and -lactalbumin genes should lead to higher levels of protein accumulation. This study reports the first successful stable nuclear transformation of Dunaliella tertiolecta. Therefore it is now feasible that Dunaliella can be examined as a bioreactor for the expression of recombinant proteins. In addition, two chloroplast genes (psbB and rbcL) and their corresponding promoters and terminators have been characterised and a selectable marker cassette based on the mutated psbA gene constructed.
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Ruiz, Martínez Ana. "Nutrient removal from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor effluent using microalgae. Study and modeling of the process." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/59409.
Full textAbstract:
[EN] Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for urban wastewater treatment present interesting advantages when compared with aerobic treatments, such as less sludge production, lower energy demand and biogas generation. However, the generated effluent cannot generally be discharged without further ammonium and phosphate elimination. This thesis studies the removal of these inorganic nutrients by means of microalgae cultivation.
The main objective of this work is therefore to obtain an autochthonous microalgal culture and to investigate its ability to grow on an already existing anaerobic effluent, as well as to research the extent to which ammonium and phosphate can be removed. Moreover, this thesis aims at providing the kinetic expressions which reproduce the main processes involved, in order to provide the basis for process simulation and design.
Microalgae were isolated from a local wastewater treatment plant and their ability to grow on the anaerobic effluent -while successfully removing ammonium and phosphate- was demonstrated. An excellent water quality was obtained with a semicontinuous cultivation mode under constant illumination. The Scenedesmus and Chlorococcum genus proliferated more efficiently and thus became predominant in the culture. Results also showed that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient in the anaerobic effluent to be treated. The influence of phosphorus limitation on ammonium and phosphate removal, as well as the influence of temperature in ammonium removal, were then studied under laboratory conditions. Kinetic expressions which reproduce the observed effects were proposed and validated, taking also into account the effect of light intensity. Additionally, a Scenedesmus-dominated culture was grown under varying light and temperature in an outdoor flat-plate photobioreactor, with constant monitoring of light intensity, temperature and ammonium concentration. Acceptable results were obtained in the reproduction of the experimental data, albeit with less accuracy than under laboratory conditions.
The work here presented demonstrates the feasibility of coupling a microalgal cultivation system to an anaerobic membrane bioreactor for urban wastewater treatment. The basic factors affecting microalgal nutrient removal are researched, and mathematical models are provided which reproduce these effects.
This Ph.D. thesis is enclosed in a national research project funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness entitled "Estudio experimental de la recuperación como biogás de la energía de la materia orgánica y nutrientes del agua residual, acoplando un AnBRM y un cultivo de microalgas" (MINECO project CTM2011-28595-C02-01/02). This research was also supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport via a pre doctoral FPU fellowship to the author (AP2009-4903)[ES] En el tratamiento de aguas residuales urbanas, los bioreactores anaerobios de membranas presentan ventajas interesantes frente a los tratamientos aerobios. Algunas de estas ventajas son la menor producción de fangos, un menor consumo energético y la producción de biogás. Sin embargo, y generalmente, el efluente obtenido no puede ser vertido al medio sin una etapa previa de eliminación de amonio y fosfato. La presente tesis estudia la eliminación de dichos nutrientes inorgánicos empleando para ello un cultivo de microalgas. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es, por tanto, la obtención de un cultivo autóctono de microalgas y la evaluación de la capacidad que éstas tienen tanto de crecer en un efluente anaerobio como de eliminar el amonio y el fosfato presentes. Asimismo, se pretenden proporcionar las bases para la simulación y el diseño del sistema de depuración propuesto, mediante la obtención de las expresiones cinéticas que reproducen los principales procesos involucrados. En primer lugar se ha demostrado la capacidad de las microalgas, aisladas en una estación depuradora de aguas residuales, de crecer en el efluente anaerobio y de eliminar con éxito el amonio y fosfato en éste presente. El agua tratada, obtenida a mediante un proceso semicontinuo y con iluminación constante, presenta una excelente calidad. Los géneros Scenedesmus y Chlorococcum han proliferado más eficientemente y han llegado a ser los predominantes en el cultivo. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el nutriente limitante en el efluente a tratar es el fósforo, y por tanto la influencia de la limitación de fósforo en la eliminación de nutrientes ha sido estudiada en condiciones de laboratorio, junto con la influencia de la temperatura en la velocidad de eliminación de amonio. Han sido propuestas y validadas las correspondientes expresiones cinéticas que reproducen los efectos observados, teniendo en cuenta en todo momento la influencia de la intensidad de la luz. Por otro lado, un cultivo de Scenedesmus ha sido cultivado en el exterior, bajo condiciones cambiantes de luz y temperatura, que a su vez han sido monitorizadas constantemente, junto con la concentración de amonio. Los datos obtenidos han sido reproducidos mediante modelación matemática con resultados aceptables, aunque la precisión obtenida es menor que en condiciones de laboratorio. La presente tesis demuestra la viabilidad de combinar un cultivo de microalgas con un bioreactor de membranas para el tratamiento de agua residual urbana. Se exponen asimismo los factores básicos que influyen en la velocidad de eliminación de nutrientes, y se presentan los modelos matemáticos necesarios para reproducir los efectos observados. La presente tesis doctoral se incluye en el marco de un proyecto nacional de investigación financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de título "Estudio experimental de la recuperación como biogás de la energía de la materia orgánica y nutrientes del agua residual, acoplando un AnBRM y un cultivo de microalgas" (CTM2011-28595-C02-01/02). La presente tesis doctoral ha sido también financiada por el Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte a través de una ayuda para contratos predoctorales de Formación del Profesorado Universitario (AP2009-4903).
[CAT] En el tractament d'aigües residuals urbanes, els bioreactors anaerobis de membrana tenen avantatges interessants respecte als tractaments aerobis. Alguns d'aquests avantatges són: menys producció de fangs, menys consum energètic i la producció de biogàs. No obstant això, i en general, l'efluent obtingut no es pot tornar al medi sense una etapa prèvia d'eliminació d'amoni i fosfat. Aquesta tesi estudia l'eliminació d'aquests nutrients inorgànics emprant per a fer-ho un cultiu de microalgues. L'objectiu principal d'aquest treball és, per tant, l'obtenció d'un cultiu autòcton de microalgues i l'avaluació de la capacitat que aquestes tenen tant de créixer en un efluent anaerobi com d'eliminar l'amoni i el fosfat presents. Així mateix, volem proporcionar les bases per a la simulació i el disseny del sistema de depuració proposat, mitjançant l'obtenció de les expressions cinètiques que reprodueixen els principals processos involucrats. En primer lloc, s'ha demostrat la capacitat de les microalgues, aïllades en una estació depuradora d'aigües residuals, de créixer en l'efluent anaerobi i d'eliminar amb èxit l'amoni i el fosfat presents. L'aigua tractada, obtinguda mitjançant un procés semicontinu i amb il·luminació constant, presenta una qualitat excel·lent. Els gèneres Scenedesmus i Chlorococcum han proliferat més eficientment i han arribat a ser els predominants en el cultiu. Els resultats obtinguts indiquen que el nutrient limitant en l'efluent per tractar és el fòsfor, i per tant la influència de la limitació de fòsfor en l'eliminació tant d'amoni com de fosfat ha sigut estudiada en condicions de laboratori, juntament amb la influència de la temperatura en la velocitat d'eliminació d'amoni. S'han proposat i validat les expressions cinètiques corresponents que reprodueixen els efectes observats, tenint en compte en tot moment la influència de la intensitat de la llum. D'altra banda, s'ha cultivat a l'exterior un cultiu predominat per Scenedesmus, sota condicions canviants de llum i temperatura, que al seu torn s'han monitorat constantment, juntament amb la concentració d'amoni. Les dades obtingudes s'han reproduït mitjançant simulació matemàtica amb resultats acceptables, encara que la precisió obtinguda és més baixa que en condicions de laboratori. La nostra tesi demostra la viabilitat de combinar un cultiu de microalgues amb un bioreactor de membrana per al tractament d'aigua residual urbana. La tesi exposa així mateix els factors bàsics que influeixen en la velocitat d'eliminació de nutrients, i presenta els models matemàtics necessaris per a reproduir els efectes observats. Aquesta tesi doctoral s'inclou en el marc d'un projecte nacional de recerca finançat pel Ministeri d'Economia i Competitivitat amb el títol "Estudio experimental de la recuperación como biogás de la energía de la materia orgánica y nutrientes del agua residual, acoplando un AnBRM y un cultivo de microalgas" (CTM2011-28595-C02-01/02). La tesi doctoral ha sigut també finançada pel Ministeri d'Educació, Cultura i Esport a través d'una ajuda per a contractes predoctorals de formació del professorat universitari (AP2009-4903).
Ruiz Martínez, A. (2015). Nutrient removal from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor effluent using microalgae. Study and modeling of the process [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/59409
TESIS
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Macedo, Hugo José Santana. "Projecto mecânico de um fotobiorreactor para crescimento de biomassa." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2443.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Engenharia MecânicaEste trabalho visou a elaboração do projecto de construção mecânica dum protótipo de um fotobiorreactor que permita a cultura de microalgas num meio artificial controlado, de forma a obter biomassa com elevado teor de lípidos para posterior extracção do óleo. Numa primeira fase deste trabalho consistiu no estudo das actuais estratégias e tecnologias utilizadas para cultura de microalgas. De forma a definir a linha de projecto. Posteriormente foi elaborado o projecto e dimensionamento final do fotobiorreactor, apresentando soluções mecânicas de forma a melhorar as actuais dificuldades técnicas associadas a este tipo de culturas Por fim realizou-se uma análise energética e análise de um possível scale-up para esta tecnologia de produção biomassa de microalgas. ABSTRACT: This work aimed at drafting the mechanical construction of a photobioreactor prototype to allow the cultivation of microalgae in a controlled artificial medium, in order to obtain biomass with high fat content for subsequent extraction of oil for production of biodiesel. The first phase of this work was the study of existing stategies and technologies used for cultivation of microalgae. In order to define the line of project. Subsequently was prepared the project and final design of fotobiorreactor, presenting mechanical solutions to improve the current technical difficulties associated with this type of cultures. Finally we did an energy and scale-up analysis of this technology of biomass production of microalgae.
Books on the topic "Microalgal bioreactor"
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Leo n, Rosa, Ph. D., Galva n. Aurora, and Ferna ndez Emilio, eds. Transgenic microalgae as green cell factories. New York, N.Y: Springer Science+Business Media/Landes Bioscience, 2007.
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Transgenic Microalgae As Green Cell Factories. Springer London, Limited, 2008.
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Transgenic Microalgae as Green Cell Factories. Springer, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Microalgal bioreactor"
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Yusoff, Fatimah Md, Norio Nagao, Yuki Imaizumi, and Tatsuki Toda. "Bioreactor for Microalgal Cultivation Systems: Strategy and Development." In Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies, 117–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14463-0_4.
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Carvalho, João C. M., Marcelo C. Matsudo, Raquel P. Bezerra, Lívia S. Ferreira-Camargo, and Sunao Sato. "Microalgae Bioreactors." In Algal Biorefineries, 83–126. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7494-0_4.
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Zarmi, Y., G. Bel, and C. Aflalo. "Theoretical Analysis of Culture Growth in Flat-Plate Bioreactors: The Essential Role of Timescales." In Handbook of Microalgal Culture, 205–24. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118567166.ch12.
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Dillschneider, Robert, and Clemens Posten. "Closed Bioreactors as Tools for Microalgae Production." In Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts, 629–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3348-4_26.
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Solovchenko, Alexei, and Konstantin Chekanov. "Production of Carotenoids Using Microalgae Cultivated in Photobioreactors." In Production of Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactor Technology, 63–91. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9223-3_4.
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Papáček, Štěpán, Ctirad Matonoha, and Karel Petera. "Modeling and Simulation of Microalgae Growth in a Couette-Taylor Bioreactor." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 174–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97136-0_13.
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Steven, Soen. "Short Perspective on Membrane Integration in Microalgae Bioreactor for CO2 Capture." In Advances in Biological Sciences Research, 335–50. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-180-7_36.
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"Membranes and Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment." In Membrane Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment in Rural Regions, 306–36. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2645-3.ch012.
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The application of microalgae-based wastewater treatment was first introduced in the 1940s to treat municipal wastewater. Microalgae have been studied for its various potentials such as for nutrients removal, carbon dioxide (CO2) removal, biofuel production from biomass, etc. This chapter focuses on the potential of microalgae membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment, microalgae cultivation, and harvesting. Furthermore, the selection of microalgae species is covered by comparison of nitrogen, phosphorus, COD, and BOD removal from various studies. Microalgae membrane bioreactors combine the biological treatment of microalgae with the conventional membrane bioreactor. Still, membrane fouling phenomenon is a challenge in microalgae membrane technology. Thus, several other technologies of immobilized microalgae are introduced which can potentially reduce the membrane fouling occurrence and concurrently remove the need for microalgae harvesting process.
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Yoo, Sung Jin, Se-Kyu Oh, and Jong Min Lee. "Design of Experiments and Sensitivity Analysis for Microalgal Bioreactor Systems." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 722–26. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59520-1.50003-8.
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Kim, Jung Hun, Sung Jin Yoo, Dong Hwi Jeong, Gibaek Lee, and Jong Min Lee. "Optimization of Microalgal Bioreactor Oil Production via Run-to-run Control." In Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 1759–64. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63455-9.50128-8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Microalgal bioreactor"
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HANSEL, EZEQUIEL, Alice Costa Kiperstok, Rodrigo Gomes Guimaraes, and Emerson Andrade Sales. "CLAY AS A SUBSTRATUM MATERIAL FOR MICROALGAE BIOFILM CULTIVATION." In I South Florida Congress of Development. CONGRESS PROCEEDINGS I South Florida Congress of Development - 2021, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47172/sfcdv2021-0025.
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The production of microalgae faces several obstacles. The bioreactors and processes used today in microalgae cultivation are expensive or lack optimization to scale up. Furthermore, harvesting, concentrating and dewatering, while using a cheap and suitable photobioreactor are the main problems that we need to be overcome to achieve viability in the process. The Clay Ceramic Bioreactor (CCBR) was built using only clay and wood sawdust and was designed to grow an immobilized microalgal biofilm while having almost complete separation from the liquid culture medium, reducing the consumption of water and energy. Results showed that the wood sawdust particle size should be sifted in a mesh size 10 and mixed in a proportion of 33% of sawdust and 67% of red clay and a maximum firing temperature of 900oC. Maximum dry biomass production of 3.71 g.m-2.d-1 was achieved within 7 days of cultivation, with no CO2 addition and a low light intensity of 45 µmol.m?2.s?1. The biomass was harvested through simple scraping. Initial results indicate a great potential for the use of clay as substratum and further tests should be carried out to scale up and optimize microalgae production,
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HANSEL, EZEQUIEL, Alice Costa Kiperstok, Rodrigo Gomes Guimaraes, and Emerson Andrade Sales. "CLAY AS A SUBSTRATUM MATERIAL FOR MICROALGAE BIOFILM CULTIVATION." In I South Florida Congress of Development. CONGRESS PROCEEDINGS I South Florida Congress of Development - 2021, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47172/sfcdv2021-0063.
Full textAbstract:
The production of microalgae faces several obstacles. The bioreactors and processes used today in microalgae cultivation are expensive or lack optimization to scale up. Furthermore, harvesting, concentrating and dewatering, while using a cheap and suitable photobioreactor are the main problems that we need to be overcome to achieve viability in the process. The Clay Ceramic Bioreactor (CCBR) was built using only clay and wood sawdust and was designed to grow an immobilized microalgal biofilm while having almost complete separation from the liquid culture medium, reducing the consumption of water and energy. Results showed that the wood sawdust particle size should be sifted in a mesh size 10 and mixed in a proportion of 33% of sawdust and 67% of red clay and a maximum firing temperature of 900oC. Maximum dry biomass production of 3.71 g.m-2.d-1 was achieved within 7 days of cultivation, with no CO2 addition and a low light intensity of 45 µmol.m?2.s?1. The biomass was harvested through simple scraping. Initial results indicate a great potential for the use of clay as substratum and further tests should be carried out to scale up and optimize microalgae production,
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Xu, Z., Y. Wang, Y. Chen, M. H. Spalding, and L. Dong. "MICROFLUIDIC MICROALGAL BIOREACTOR FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING OF CO2 CONCENTRATION CONDITIONS ON MICROALGAE GROWTH." In 2016 Solid-State, Actuators, and Microsystems Workshop. San Diego: Transducer Research Foundation, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31438/trf.hh2016.14.
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Das, Jani. "Life Cycle Energy Analysis of a Microalgal Based Bioreactor." In 2021 IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpec51183.2021.9384957.
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Wang, Hsiang-Yu. "An Integrated Micro-bioreactor for enhancing the production of microalgal products." In The 7th International Multidisciplinary Conference on Optofluidics 2017. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/optofluidics2017-04142.
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Efremkin, S. I., B. M. Gritsun, and A. V. Savchits. "Development of an automated bioreactor control system for microalgae growing." In Научные тенденции: Вопросы точных и технических наук. ЦНК МОАН, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/spc-12-10-2018-04.
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Patino, Rodrigo, Daniel Robledo, and Julia S. Martin del Campo. "Production of Microalgae Biomass and Biohydrogen in Solar Bioreactors." In World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011, Linköping, Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp11057178.
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Fadlallah, Hadi, Hassan Peerhossaini, Christopher De Groot, and Mojtaba Jarrahi. "Motility Response to Hydrodynamic Stress During the Growth Cycle in Active Fluid Suspensions." In ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2020-20125.
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Abstract In this work, we focus on the motility behavior of two model microorganisms widely used in the study of active fluids: Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalga and Synechocystis sp. Cyanobacterium. Understanding the physiological responses of microorganisms under variable environmental conditions is essential for bioreactor engineering. Yet, most of the previous studies focused on the observation of cellular motility regardless of the growth process. Here, we measure the motility of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Synechocystis sp. during their growth when subjected to different intensities of hydrodynamic shear stress. The results demonstrate a significant difference in the motility response of the two species against the applied hydrodynamic shear stress. Mechanical agitation appears to affect the motility of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii microalgae by stimulating the growth process and increasing the magnitude of the cellular swimming velocity. The motility varies following 3 different phases: the rising phase starting almost at the middle of the exponential growth phase, and the decay and damped phases during the stationary phase. This behavior is described using a linear model for the rising phase and a damped oscillatory model for the decay and damped phases. The motility of Synechocystis does not follow a well-defined pattern in time. However, it seems that the peak of the swimming velocity occurs always in the middle of exponential phase of growth. Synechocystis cells show a high endurance to the applied shear such that the global effect of agitation intensity on their motility is insignificant.
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Du, Jijun, Qing Wang, Ping Zeng, and Fan Zhang. "The Cultivation of Mixed Microalgae and CO2 Fixation in a Photo-Bioreactor." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5514660.
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Osterthun, Norbert, Mark Helamieh, Dennis Berends, Nils Neugebohrn, Kai Gehrke, Martin Vehse, Martin Kerner, and Carsten Agert. "Influence of spectrally selective solar cells on microalgae growth in photo-bioreactors." In AGRIVOLTAICS2020 CONFERENCE: Launching Agrivoltaics World-wide. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0054814.
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