Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Micro visualisation'
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Meglio, Adrien. "Micro-manipulation de l'ADN : vers une visualisation directe par microscopie de fluorescence." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00558689.
Full textSerin, Valérie. "Etude hydrodynamique et thermique de la vaporisation dans un micro-canal de section carrée : application aux micro-boucles diphasiques à pompage capillaire." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/164/.
Full textUnderstanding the coupled mechanisms of vaporisation and capillary pumping in micro-channels is crucial for the development of micro-loop heat pipes. This work deals with the theoretical and experimental studies of a capillary evaporator that consists of a square cross section micro-tube heatedat the end. The developed experimental setup allows to characterize the flow obtained by capillary pumping as a function of the heating power. Particular attention is focused on the distribution of liquid and vapour phases determined by the video image processing. It appears that the phenomenon of vaporisation in these operating conditions is very unstable. Data from the images processing, coupled with those provided by other sensors, allow to analyse from different ways (i. E. Temporal, spatial and statistical) the flow characteristics. In addition to this experimental approach, a model of the phase distribution has been developed in this configuration of capillary pumping. This stationary model provides a better understanding of the mechanisms that dominate the flow with phase-change and predicts the liquid thin films extension. Finally, an experimental and numerical study of a miniaturised capillary-driven two-phase loop (CPL's like) has been developed. An operating model is proposed in order to take into account the thermal conduction phenomena, which appear fundamental in miniaturised systems of thermal management. First experimental results highlight the direction for increasing the reliability of such systems
Kurtulus, Dilek Funda. "Etude numérique et expérimentale de la sustentation par vol vibré : application aux micro-drônes." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2281.
Full textThe aerodynamics phenomena of flapping motion in hover are considered in view of the future Micro Air Vehicle applications. The aim of this work is to characterize the vortex dynamics generated by the wing in motion using direct numerical simulation and experimental analysis then to propose a simplified analytical model for prediction of the forces in order to optimize the parameters of the motion leading to maximum force. A great number of cases are investigated corresponding to different angles of attack, location of start of change of incidence, location of start of change of velocity, axis of rotation, and Re number. The airfoil used is symmetrical. The flow is assumed to be incompressible and laminar with the Reynolds numbers between 500 and 2000. The experimental results obtained by the laser sheet visualization and the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) techniques are used in parallel with the direct numerical simulation results for the phenomenological analysis of the flow. The model developed for the aerodynamic forces is an indicial method based on the use of the Duhamel Integral and the results obtained by this model are compared with the ones of the numerical simulations
Islam, Mohammad Alaul. "Visualizations for Smartwatches and Fitness Trackers." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG018.
Full textThis thesis covers research on how to design and use micro-visualizations for pervasive and mobile data exploration on smartwatches and fitness trackers. People increasingly wear smartwatches that can track and show a wide variety of data. My work is motivated by the potential benefits of data visualizations on small mobile devices such as fitness monitoring armbands and smartwatches. I focus on situations in which visualizations support dedicated data-related tasks on interactive smartwatches. My main research goal in this space is to understand more broadly how to design small-scale visualizations for fitness trackers. Here, I explore: (i) design constraints in the small space through an ideation workshop; (ii) what kind of visualizations people currently see on their watch faces; (iii) a design review and design space of small-scale visualizations; (iv) and readability of micro-visualizations considering the impact of size and aspect ratio in the context of sleep tracking. The main findings of the thesis are, first, a set of data needs concerning a sightseeing usage context in which these data needs were met with a wealth of dedicated visualization designs that go beyond those commonly seen on watch displays. Second, a predominant display of health & fitness data, with icons accompanying the text being the most frequent representation type on current smartwatch faces. Third, a design space for smartwatch face visualizations which highlights the most important considerations for new data displays for smartwatch faces and other small displays. Last, in the context of sleep tracking, we saw that people performed simple tasks effectively, even with complex visualization, on both smartwatch and fitness band displays; but more complex tasks benefited from the larger smartwatch size. Finally, I point out important open opportunities for future smartwatch visualization research, such as scalability (e.g., more data, smaller size, and more visualizations), the role of context and wearer's movement, smartwatch display types, and interactivity. In summary, this thesis contributes to the understanding of visualizations on smartwatches and highlights open opportunities for smartwatch visualization research
Mauger, Cyril. "Cavitation dans un micro-canal modèle d'injecteur diesel : méthodes de visualisation et influence de l'état de surface." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747628.
Full textOdaymet, Ahmad. "Etude du transfert thermique local et identification des structures d'écoulement lors de la condensation dans un microcanal en silicium." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00711985.
Full textCavatore, Etienne. "Microscopie optique appliquée à la micro-manipulation par pinces magnétiques à haute résolution et à la visualisation de nano-objets métalliques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627431.
Full textLe, Nguyen Lan Phuong. "Effect of gravity on convective condensation at low mass velocity." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30280/document.
Full textLiquid-vapor two-phase flows have common applications in many fields including space thermal management systems. The performances of such systems are entirely associated to the coupling between thermal and hydrodynamic phenomena. Therefore, two-phase flows in microgravity condition have emerged as an active research area in the last decades. In order to complete the state of the art and to contribute to the increase in the knowledge of hydrothermal behavior of two-phase thermal management systems, the present study was conducted on convective condensation inside a mini tube, both in normal and micro gravity conditions. To analyze the effect of gravity on such flows, a preliminary transient modeling of the two-phase flow has been established. Simultaneously, an experimental investigation was carried out on the hydrodynamic and thermal behaviors of condensation flows in two test sections of 3.4 mm inner diameter at low and intermediate mass velocities. The first experiment was conducted during the 62nd ESA parabolic flights campaign. The test section was made with copper and allowed measurements of the quasi-local heat transfer coefficient. A glass tube was also inserted in the middle of the test section for the visualization of the two-phase flow regime. From this study, the changes in heat transfer coefficient and flow regime according to gravity variations were determined. The second experiment was carried out on ground in a sapphire tube installed vertically considering downward flow. The set-up was designed in order to measure simultaneously the local heat transfer coefficient and the thickness of the liquid film falling down along the tube wall
El, Achkar Georges. "Étude expérimentale de la condensation convective à faible débit en micro-canaux." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2226/.
Full textThe heat powers dissipated by the electronic systems in the satellites are in continuous increase over the years. The emissive areas of the satellites become thus insufficient to evacuate these heat fluxes. One solution to this problem is to develop a heat pump coupled with the classical heat pipes in order to increase the temperature of the radiative panels without degrading that of the equipments. The present work is carried out in this issue with a focus on the condensation zone in microgravity. For this purpose, an experimental study was conducted on the hydrodynamic and thermal behaviors of the condensation flows at low mass velocities inside channels having hydraulic diameters less than one millimeter. This study highlighted three main flow zones: annular, intermittent and spherical bubbles. The transitions between the flow patterns were analyzed and the hydraulic and thermal parameters were determined for each zone. Finally, the impact of the hydrodynamic coupling between several micro-channels mounted in parallel on the flow and heat transfer laws was highlighted and studied. In parallel to this experimental study, a heat pump (at scale 1) was dimensioned and realized with the different partners of the project in which this thesis is positioned
Schlosser, Nicolas. "Etude et réalisation de micro-pièges dipolaires optiques pour atomes neutres." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001195.
Full textl'implémentation de portes logiques quantiques. Dans ce contexte, cette étude
porte sur la réalisation d'un piège dipolaire optique de si petite taille qu'il
ne puisse contenir qu'un atome unique. Pour cela, il est nécessaire de
focaliser très fortement un laser à l'endroit où l'on désire capturer les
atomes. L'expérience s'articule donc autour d'un objectif de microscope de
grande ouverture numérique, entièrement conçu et réalisé au laboratoire. Cette
optique est utilisée pour faire focaliser un laser au centre d'un piège
magnéto-optique, réservoir d'atomes froids alimentant le piège dipolaire ainsi
créé.
Le dispositif d'observation des atomes piégés est basé sur le même objectif,
qui collecte, avec une grande efficacité, la fluorescence des atomes piégés et
en fait l'image sur une caméra CCD ou une photodiode à avalanche. La résolution
spatiale du dispositif utilisant la caméra permet d'obtenir une image des
atomes capturés, alors que l'on utilise la rapidité de la photodiode à
avalanche pour les études de la dynamique du piège avec une bonne résolution
temporelle.
Après une description détaillée de ce dispositif expérimental, nous montrons
qu'il est possible de réaliser des micro-pièges dipolaires optiques, de
quelques microns cube et contenant une dizaine d'atomes. L'étude de la
dynamique de chargement et de la durée de vie de ces pièges révèle également la
présence de processus de collisions à deux corps. Nous montrons ensuite qu'en
diminuant le taux de chargement il est possible d'observer, en temps réel, un
atome unique piégé pendant quelques secondes. Dans ce régime, un processus de
"blocage collisionnel" limite ce nombre d'atome à un. Pour finir, nous
décrirons la mise en place d'un double piège dipolaire, dans lequel on peut
piéger un atome unique dans chaque site. Ce dispositif ouvre la voie vers
l'étude de l'interaction entre atomes piégés individuellement.
Raza, Umar. "A service orientated architecture and wireless sensor network approach applied to the measurement and visualisation of a micro injection moulding process : design, development and testing of an ESB based micro injection moulding platform using Google Gadgets and business processes for the integration of disparate hardware systems on the factory shop floor." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/13362.
Full textMoreno, Villavicencio Maiglid Andreina. "Development of 3D high-resolution imaging of complex devices by the correlation of ToF-SIMS and AFM." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI122.
Full textThe continuous miniaturization and complexity of devices have pushed existing nano-characterization techniques to their limits. The correlation of techniques has then become an attractive solution to keep providing precise and accurate characterization. With the aim of overcoming the existing barriers for the 3D high-resolution imaging at the nanoscale, we have focused our research on creating a protocol to combine time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) with atomic force microscopy (AFM). This combination permits the correlation of the composition in 3-dimensions with the maps of topography and other local properties provided by the AFM. Three main results are achieved through this methodology: a topography-corrected 3D ToF-SIMS data set, maps of local sputter rate where the effect of roughness and vertical interfaces are seen and overlays of the ToF-SIMS and AFM advanced information. The application fields of the ToF-SIMS and AFM combined methodology can be larger than expected. Indeed, four different applications are discussed in this thesis. The procedure to obtain the topography-corrected 3D data sets was applied on a GaAs / SiO2 patterned structure whose initial topography and composition with materials of different sputter rates create a distortion in the classical 3D chemical visualization. The protocol to generate sputter rate maps was used on samples with structured and non-structured nano-areas in order to study the possible ToF-SIMS sputtering artefacts, especially the geometric shadowing effect. Finally, we have explored the combination of ToF-SIMS analysis with three AFM advanced modes: piezoresponse force microcopy (PFM), scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) and scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). Specifically, two main applications were studied: the chemical modification during electrical stress of a piezoelectic thin film and the recovery of initial electrical characteristics of a sample subjected to Ga implantation during FIB preparation. Technical aspects of the methodology will be discussed for each application and the perspectives of this combination will be given
Matherat, Philippe. "Contribution à l'augmentation de puissance des architectures de visus graphiques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00172858.
Full textMasato, Davide, Maksims Babenko, Banah Shriky, Timothy D. Gough, G. Lucchetta, and Benjamin R. Whiteside. "Comparison of crystallization characteristics and mechanical properties of polypropylene processed by ultrasound and conventional micro injection molding." 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17063.
Full textUltrasound injection molding has emerged as an alternative production route for the manufacturing of micro-scale polymeric components, where it offers significant benefits over the conventional micro-injection molding process. In this work, the effects of ultrasound melting on the mechanical and morphological properties of micro-polypropylene parts were characterized. The ultrasound injection molding process was experimentally compared to the conventional micro-injection molding process using a novel mold, which allows mounting on both machines and visualization of the melt flow for both molding processes. Direct measurements of the flow front speed and temperature distributions were performed using both conventional and thermal high-speed imaging techniques. The manufacturing of micro-tensile specimens allowed the comparison of the mechanical properties of the parts obtained with the different processes. The results indicated that the ultrasound injection molding process could be an efficient alternative to the conventional process.
Baruffi, F., Mert Gülçür, M. Calaon, J. M. Romano, P. Penchev, S. Dimov, Benjamin R. Whiteside, and G. Tosello. "Correlating nano-scale surface replication accuracy and cavity temperature in micro-injection moulding using in-line process control and high-speed thermal imaging." 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17436.
Full textMicro-injection moulding (μIM) stands out as preferable technology to enable the mass production of polymeric components with micro- and nano-structured surfaces. One of the major challenges of these processes is related to the quality assurance of the manufactured surfaces: the time needed to perform accurate 3D surface acquisitions is typically much longer than a single moulding cycle, thus making impossible to integrate in-line measurements in the process chain. In this work, the authors proposed a novel solution to this problem by defining a process monitoring strategy aiming at linking sensitive in-line monitored process variables with the replication quality. A nano-structured surface for antibacterial applications was manufactured on a metal insert by laser structuring and replicated using two different polymers, polyoxymethylene (POM) and polycarbonate (PC). The replication accuracy was determined using a laser scanning confocal microscope and its dependence on the variation of the main μIM parameters was studied using a Design of Experiments (DoE) experimental approach. During each process cycle, the temperature distribution of the polymer inside the cavity was measured using a high-speed infrared camera by means of a sapphire window mounted in the movable plate of the mould. The temperature measurements showed a high level of correlation with the replication performance of the μIM process, thus providing a fast and effective way to control the quality of the moulded surfaces in-line.
MICROMAN project (“Process Fingerprint for Zero-defect Net-shape MICRO MANufacturing”, http://www.microman.mek.dtu.dk/) - H2020 (Project ID: 674801), H2020 agreement No. 766871 (HIMALAIA), H2020 ITN Laser4Fun (agreement No. 675063)