Academic literature on the topic 'Micro territorios'
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Journal articles on the topic "Micro territorios"
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Canevari, Tomas, Guillermo Banzato, and Gastón Cirio. "Percepciones de vecinos sobre problemas sociales y ambientales en el Gran La Plata, Argentina. Hacia una agenda de Gestión Integral del Territorio." Territorios, no. 40 (January 1, 2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/territorios/a.6372.
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Este trabajo presenta resultados de una encuesta realizada en dos amplias zonas del Gran La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina, con posterioridad a la trágica inundación del 2 de abril de 2013. Su objetivo es analizar las percepciones que los habitantes de estos barrios tenían con respecto a los problemas sociales y ambientales para aplicar los resultados en el diseño de agendas científicas de intervención y transformación. En el artículo se retoma el enfoque territorial de la teoría social crítica del espacio y se aplica parcialmente el Método Territorii, que aporta una visión integral de los territorios incorporando la participación de actores comunitarios, políticos, económicos y científico-técnicos. Finalmente, se presentan los avances obtenidos en agendas científicas en ejecución que apuntan a micro-transformaciones concretas desde una visión y gestión integral basada en los resultados obtenidos con la encuesta.
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Espinoza Rodríguez, Rafael. "Gobernanza de la prospectiva del proceso de planificación y gestión del desarrollo económico social en micro regiones." Oikos 19, no. 39 (March 26, 2016): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.29344/07184670.39.989.
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RESUMENEl reconocimiento amplio que ha tenido el proceso de gobernanza para viabilizar las interacciones económicas y sociopolíticas entre actores del gobierno y de la sociedad civil en territorios locales (micro regiones), permite establecer a través del presente artículo, resultado de una indagación documental, la configuración de conexiones teóricas que sustentan la posibilidad de implementar el proceso de planificación y gestión del desarrollo económico-social direccionado desde el paradigma del desarrollo endógeno.Palabras clave: gobernanza, desarrollo endógeno local sostenible, prospectiva.Prospective governance process of planning and management of economic and social development in micro regions ABSTRACTThe wide recognition that has had the governance process to make viable the economic and sociopolitical interactions between the actors of the government and the actors of the civil society in local territories (micro-regions), allows that in the present paper, resulted from a documentary research, to be established the theoretical connections that are configured to assess the possibilities that exist to implement the planning and management of the process of economic and social development addressed by the paradigm of endogenous development.Keywords: governance, local sustainable endogenous development, foresight.Governança da prospectiva do processo de planejamento e gerenciamento do desenvolvimento econômico-social em micro regiões RESUMO O reconhecimento generalizado que teve o processo de governança para viabilizar as interações econômicas e sócio-políticas entre atores do governo e da sociedade civil em territórios locais (micro regiões) permite estabelecer através do presente artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa documental, a configuração de conexões teóricas que sustentam a possibilidade de efetuar o processo de planejamento e gestão do desenvolvimento económico - social orientado desde o paradigma de desenvolvimento endógeno.Palavras-chave: governança, desenvolvimento endógeno local sustentável, prospetiva.
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Gómez Rojo, Verónica Rosalía, Juan Manuel Domínguez Licona, and Tomás David González Hernández. "Análisis territorial de la micro-cuenca y bahía del río Cacaluta, Santa María Huatulco, Oaxaca." Investigaciones Geográficas, no. 60 (February 15, 2012): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14350/rig.30010.
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Este trabajo analiza en conjunto los elementos físicos, biogeográficos, procesos de poblamiento, tipos de tenencia y usos que presenta la micro-cuenca y bahía del río Cacaluta, Santa María Huatulco, Oaxaca. La zona en estudio forma parte en un 55% del Parque Nacional Huatulco, otra proporción de la misma cuenca colinda con el área resguardada. Esta región alberga alta biodiversidad, paisajes escénicos que hacen que entren en juego distintos intereses que disputan el uso de los recursos naturales y la apropiación de territorios. Entre las técnicas de análisis empleadas en esta investigación está el uso de diagramas conocidos como modelos coremáticos, los cuales muestran las relaciones de los aspectos del estudio arriba mencionados.
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Toledo, Víctor M., David Garrido, and Narciso Barrera-Bassols. "The Struggle for Life." Latin American Perspectives 42, no. 5 (June 2, 2015): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x15588104.
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The global expansion of the neoliberal model is most forcefully expressed in the processes of social, cultural, and environmental predation undertaken by corporations in the so-called Global South. Three pertinent processes are taking place in Mexico: (1) an increase in socio-environmental conflicts, mainly in rural areas and in predominantly indigenous territories; (2) the proliferation of citizen resistance of an essentially communal, municipal, or micro-regional nature; and (3) increased violence against these resistance movements by the government across its three levels (federal, state, and municipal) in complicity (or not) with companies and corporations that are trying to implement projects that damage natural resources, affect the quality of the environment, and destroy cultures and the social fabric. La expansión mundial del modelo neoliberal se expresa con mayor fuerza en los procesos de depredación ecológica, social y cultural que las corporaciones realizan en el llamado Sur Global. Tres procesos de la realidad mexicana ilustran lo anterior: (1) el creciente aumento de los conflictos socio-ambientales, principalmente en las áreas rurales y predominantemente en los territorios indígenas; (2) la multiplicación de las resistencias ciudadanas, esencialmente de carácter comunitario, municipal o micro-regional; y (3) el aumento de la violencia contra esos movimientos de resistencia, llevados a cabo por gobiernos en sus tres niveles (federal, estatal y municipal) en complicidad (o no) con las empresas y corporaciones que intentan implementar proyectos que dilapidan los recursos naturales y/o la calidad del ambiente y que provocan destrucción de culturas y tejido social.
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Paredes Hernández, Natalia. "La epidemiología crítica y el despojo de tierras y territorios: una reflexión teórica." Revista Ciencias de la Salud 18 (May 4, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.8994.
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Introducción: la epidemiología crítica, como propuesta epistémica para comprender los procesos de la salud, articula un sistema conceptual e instrumental que permite explicar cómo la salud y la enfermedad están determinadas socialmente. Para el caso de la población rural, el impacto de fenómenos geopolíticos como el acaparamiento y el despojo de tierras y territorios es determinante de sus procesos de salud-enfermedad. A lo largo de este artículo de reflexión teórica, se presentan una serie de enfoques y categorías propuestas por Jaime Breilh, quien ha sido pionero en la materia, e identifica su potencial para explicar la incidencia de dichos fenómenos en la modificación de los modos de vida y en la situación de salud de la población rural. Desarrollo: algunos componentes sustanciales de la epidemiología crítica, en relación con su pertinencia teórica y metodológica para analizar el despojo de tierras y los procesos de salud, son: la presencia de lo social en la epidemiología; la dimensión procesual y espacio-temporal; lo macro y lo micro: unidad y jerarquía; procesos protectores y destructores de la salud; y el concepto de metabolismo sociedad-naturaleza. Conclusiones: el despojo de tierras en Colombia ha sido de gran magnitud, y su resolución se considera un tema central para la construcción de la paz en el posconflicto. Desde el marco teórico de la epidemiología crítica, se posibilita adelantar investigaciones para abordar la incidencia del despojo, y el acaparamiento de tierras y territorios, en la situación de salud colectiva de la población rural. Este tipo de abordajes ha tenido poco desarrollo en el país y cobra importancia en el contexto actual, bajo el cual el extractivismo creciente amenaza los procesos vitales de las comunidades agrarias.
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Luna, Silvia, and Alejandro Schweitzer. "Herramientas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones y prospectiva territorial." Informes Científicos Técnicos - UNPA 3, no. 3 (June 10, 2014): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22305/ict-unpa.v3i3.36.
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En la Provincia de Santa Cruz el área cordillerana es la más postergada en términos de poblamiento y cualificación de sus territorios. En este espacio de cerca de 100.000 km2 ubicado sobre la traza de la Ruta Nacional 40 y la frontera con Chile, cinco municipios y tres comisiones de fomento reunían en 2001 menos de 25.000 habitantes. Estos espacios experimentan particularmente desde fines del Siglo pasado profundas transformaciones territoriales: penetración de nuevas actividades y capitales, acelerada inserción en mercados internacionales y modificaciones en las relaciones entre grupos sociales afectando las formas de organización de la producción y del espacio.Las dinámicas de las actividades dominantes son fundamentalmente extractivas, como la minería y la explotación de hidrocarburos, que lentamente se despliega hacia el oeste provincial, determinadas por un escenario internacional de disputa por la valoración y el acceso a recursos naturales entre grandes empresas trasnacionales y sociedades.El plan se encuadró en el Subproyecto Herramientas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones del Proyecto de Investigación UNPA 29 A/254-2 Desarrollo territorial y recursos naturales en el espacio cordillerano santacruceño. Potencialidades, vulnerabilidades y proyectos regionales dirigido por Alejandro Schweitzer y codirigido por Boris Díaz. A tal efecto se trabajó en particular en torno al estudio de indicadores de desarrollo territorial y la integración de unidades espaciales en el marco de su incorporación a los sistemas de información territorial y la captura y procesamiento de información en campo por medio de entrevistas e inventarios particularmente sobre la Micro-Región de Río Turbio.
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Pavez Reyes, María Isabel. "Planificación urbana y regional para Santiago de Chile desde 1960: aporte conceptual y proyectual temprano para la sustentabilidad." Investigaciones Geográficas, no. 41 (January 1, 2009): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0719-5370.2009.21902.
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Se confronta algunos aspectos relevantes en los proyectos aprobados oficialmente para la ciudad y micro-región de Santiago desde 1960, con los correspondientes conceptos hoy explicitados y globalizados en materia de sustentabilidad. Se intenta superar los reduccionismos presentes en los pocos y breves análisis de los últimos años al respecto, y valorar más equilibradamente una experiencia relevante del Estado de Chile, en los momentos en que es necesaria una participación mejor informada en las discusiones actuales para una ''nueva planificación"de los asentamientos humanos y territorios habitables. Se concluye que, a pesar de las limitaciones metodológicas y de recursos de información en la época de su formulación, los cuerpos conceptuales aplicados en dicha planificación, representan una etapa temprana de un discurso hoy maduro sobre la sustentabilidad.
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Garcés-Hidalgo, Álvaro René. "Identidades, territorios y conflictos: Hacia una antropología contextual e histórica en el Cauca, sur de Colombia." Jangwa Pana 15, no. 2 (August 19, 2016): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.21676/16574923.1826.
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Este artículo reúne algunos elementos de tipo teórico tomados desde perspectivas antropológicas que tratan de facilitar la comprensión de un hecho concreto a analizar, el fenómeno del conflicto, las identidades y los territorios en el suroccidente de Colombia, puntalmente en el Departamento del Cauca, uno de los lugares de mayor tensión política, social y cultural del país. El texto expone, además de las consideraciones antropológicas, varios aspectos que podrían servir como rutas metodológicas y epistemológicas para abordar tales situaciones. En el documento se desarrollan puntos de reflexión a partir de categorías antropológicas como la alteridad y la identidad, intentando, a partir de estas, generar un marco interpretativo del contexto de esta parte de Colombia. Uno de los objetivos del trabajo es tratar de subsanar las falencias que en términos de investigación se presentan para el caso concreto de esta región del país, pues si bien el conflicto ha sido tratado desde diferentes campos disciplinares, su interpretación y complejidad ha sido más bien poco abordada por la antropología. En síntesis, el artículo intenta una especie de abordaje de la teoría a un estudio de caso que intenta dar a conocer cómo operan fenómenos el colonialismo y otros discursos en una esfera de análisis micro.
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Prates, Elivania Magalhães, Andréa Da Silva Gomes, Ronaldo Lima Gomes, Fernanda Calasans Costa Lacerda Pessoti, Mônica De Moura Pires, and Monick Midlej do Espírito Santo. "ANÁLISE DA POBREZA SOB A PERSPECTIVA MULTIDIMENSIONAL NOS TERRITÓRIOS DE IDENTIDADE DA BAHIA." InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade 7, no. 20 (March 26, 2021): 202102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18764/2446-6549.e202102.
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ANALYSIS OF POVERTY FROM A MULTIDIMENSIONAL PERSPECTIVE IN THE BAHIA'S IDENTITY TERRITORIESANÁLISIS DE LA POBREZA DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA MULTIDIMENSIONAL EN LOS TERRITORIOS DE IDENTIDAD DE BAHIARESUMOSob a perspectiva multidimensional e com base no conceito de pobreza desenvolvido por Amartya Sen, cuja noção elaborada refere-se à ausência ou privação de capacidades básicas, este trabalho mensura e analisa a pobreza nos Territórios de Identidade da Bahia. Para tanto, utiliza-se o Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional - IPM criado pela Iniciativa de Pesquisas em Pobreza e Desenvolvimento Humano da Universidade de Oxford, em parceria com o Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. Foram utilizados os microdados da amostra do censo demográfico do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE referentes ao ano de 2010. Os resultados da pesquisa mostram que a proporção de pobres multidimensionais no estado da Bahia corresponde a 25,46%. Os indicadores que carecem de maior atenção são: anos de escolaridade, saneamento e coleta de lixo, os quais apresentaram maiores percentuais de privações para diversos territórios baianos. Com relação à intensidade, verificou-se que sua manifestação na Bahia é maior que sua incidência, resultando em 36,96% a média de privações compartilhadas pelos indivíduos multidimensionalmente pobres. O IPM se apresentou mais crítico para os Territórios de Identidade Bacia do Rio Corrente (0,143) e Baixo Sul (0,141); já para a Bahia, esse resultado foi de 0,094. A mensurabilidade torna-se importante para melhor embasar as políticas públicas de assistência social e de promoção do desenvolvimento dos territórios.Palavras-chave: Pobreza; Capacitações; Índice Multidimensional.ABSTRACTThis study aims at measuring and analyzing the state of poverty in Identity Territories of Bahia under multidimensional approach based on the concept of poverty of absence or deprivation of basic capabilities by Amartya Sen. The present research measured poverty using the Multidimensional Poverty Index - MPI created by Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) at the University of Oxford, in a partnership with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Micro-data on the basis of demographic census of 2010 carried out by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) was used. The survey results show that the proportion of multidimensional poorness is corresponding to 25.46%. The qualitative indicators that need further attention are: years of schooling, sanitation and garbage collection. They had higher percentages of deprivation among the Territories. Regarding to the intensity, Bahia has higher numbers if compared to the incidence rates, resulting 36.96% in the average of the deprivation of multidimensional poorness. The MPI was more critical to the Identity Territories of Bacia do Rio Corrente (0.143) and Baixo Sul (0.141) compared to Bahia which result was 0.094. The measurability of poverty becomes important to better endorse public policies on social assistance and to better promote the development of the Territories.Keywords: Poverty; Capability; Multidimensional Index.RESUMENEste documento mide y analiza la pobreza en los Territorios de Identidad de Bahía desde una perspectiva multidimensional y basada en el concepto de pobreza desarrollado por Amartya Sen como ausencia o privación de habilidades básicas. Se utiliza el Índice de Pobreza Multidimensional - IPM creado por la Iniciativa de Investigación sobre la Pobreza y Desarrollo Humano de la Universidad de Oxford, en asociación con el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo. Utilizamos los microdatos de la muestra del censo del Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística para 2010. Los resultados de la encuesta muestran que la proporción de pobres multidimensionales en el estado de Bahía corresponde al 25,46%. Los indicadores que necesitan más atención son: años de escolaridad, saneamiento y recolección de basura que presentaron porcentajes más altos de privación para los diversos territorios de Bahía. Con respecto a la intensidad, se encontró que su manifestación en Bahía es mayor que su incidencia, lo que resulta en 36.96% de la privación promedio compartida por individuos pobres multidimensionales. El IPM fue más crítico para los Territorios de Identidad de la Cuenca del Río Corrente (0.143) y Low Sul (0.141), para Bahía, este resultado fue 0.094. La mensurabilidad se vuelve importante para apoyar mejor las políticas públicas de asistencia social y la promoción del desarrollo territorial.Palabras clave: Pobreza; Entrenamiento; Índice Multidimensional.
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Cerda Seguel, Diego. "Mapas digitales y sociedad: geosemántica social, el poder del sentido de lugar." Polígonos. Revista de Geografía, no. 27 (December 23, 2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/pol.v0i27.3276.
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Este texto presenta el enfoque denominado geosemántica social, su marco teórico conceptual, su investigación y su aplicación como tecnología social. Realizaremos una exposición en el nivel de resultados del proceso de concepción, estudio y desarrollos de aplicación de esta propuesta disciplinaria que cruza lo geográfico con lo societal. El concepto surge hace una década, a partir de un enfoque de autor sobre el fenómeno emergente de los mapas digitales, en cruce con el poder de las redes sociales y de la funcionalidad sustantiva de anotar sobre ellos; comunicando y socializando lugares. Se expone un tipo de sociología del territorio, que estudia la forma en la que individuos, comunidades y organizaciones, disponen de nuevos recursos tecnológicos, que permiten anotar en mapas (georreferenciación) y con ello generar significaciones e identidades para los lugares y territorios. Nuestro objeto es conocer los recursos sociales de anotación, comunicación, validación de lugares y su despliegue mediante mapas; desde donde se generan fenómenos relevantes para la transformación tecno-societal en curso, considerando desde sus aspectos lúdicos y expresivos, así como contingentes y estratégicos, alcanzando el concepto de geopolítica (y también micro-geopolítica). Se examina el nivel de familiaridad entre la noción de «neogeografía» y la geosemántica social, realizando un breve análisis de tres plataformas de mapas sociales: Waze, Foursquare y OpenStreetMap. Finalmente se hará repaso evolutivo de tres textos del autor; publicados entre los años 2005 y 2013, que permitirá entregar una definición actualizada del concepto.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Micro territorios"
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Molina, Gómez Nidia Isabel. "Incidencia de la calidad el aire en el desarrollo urbano sostenible. Metodología de pronóstico basado en herramientas de aprendizaje automático." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/168398.
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[ES] La calidad del aire es un determinante de la salud y bienestar de las poblaciones; su mejora es parte de algunas metas de los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible (ODS) con la Agenda 2030. Al respecto, se han definido a nivel mundial protocolos, acuerdos, convenios y lineamientos de política para lograr avanzar en el cumplimiento de los ODS. Existen además reportes nacionales de avance en la implementación de metas específicas, según la agenda de cada país y en algunos casos en el ámbito de ciudad, cuyos indicadores pueden integrarse en las dimensiones más conocidas del desarrollo sostenible: la dimensión ambiental, la social y la económica.
Existe información sobre el monitoreo del estado de la calidad de los recursos y de condiciones del territorio en diversos temas. Sin embargo, no en todos los territorios, en sus diferentes escalas espaciales, se realiza una continua evaluación de su desempeño sostenible y, además factores de deterioro ambiental como la contaminación del aire, son tratados como determinantes aislados con la generación de reportes de su comportamiento y el desarrollo de planes de monitoreo y de mitigación. Del mismo modo, para los diferentes temas que hacen parte de las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad, existen herramientas de modelación para evaluar el comportamiento de sus indicadores; sin embargo, no se cuenta con un instrumento que pronostique el nivel de avance en el desarrollo sostenible y además que identifique la influencia de la calidad del aire en su comportamiento. Las herramientas de aprendizaje automático pueden aportar en la respuesta a dicha situación, al ser instrumentos útiles en el pronóstico del comportamiento de un conjunto de datos.
Por consiguiente, el objetivo central de este trabajo doctoral es establecer la incidencia de la calidad del aire sobre el desarrollo urbano sostenible, en sus dimensiones ambiental, social y económica, mediante el uso de herramientas de aprendizaje automático, como soporte para la toma de decisiones. Este objetivo involucra el diseño y ejecución de una metodología para identificar la influencia de indicadores en materia de calidad del aire, sobre el desarrollo urbano sostenible.
Este trabajo doctoral se desarrolló como compendio de un conjunto de publicaciones que incluyen 1) la revisión del estado del arte para la identificación de las variables y parámetros que podrían calificar las dimensiones individuales del desempeño sostenible, 2) la evaluación del nivel de avance en el desarrollo sostenible de una zona urbana y el análisis estadístico de su desempeño sostenible según las variables analizadas; 3) la identificación, selección y aplicación de las herramientas de aprendizaje automático y por último 4) la identificación del grado de influencia de la calidad del aire en el pronóstico del nivel de sostenibilidad establecido. Para ello se hizo uso del software ArcGIS para el análisis espacial y del software de acceso libre R para los análisis estadísticos y la aplicación de las herramientas de aprendizaje automático.
Esta investigación se realizó a partir de un estudio de caso en una localidad de la ciudad de Bogotá, en Colombia que es la capital del país, situada sobre una planicie altitudinal en la cordillera oriental y a 2625 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Bogotá es una de las ciudades más pobladas en América Latina y es una de las capitales mundiales que ha presentado altos niveles de contaminación por material particulado, siendo éste un factor de riesgo para su población.
La metodología construida permite evaluar la influencia de la calidad del aire en el desarrollo urbano sostenible mediante herramientas de aprendizaje automático. Es aplicable a zonas urbanas y orienta el paso a paso para la determinación de los factores de mayor relevancia en cada una de las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad, constituyéndose en un instrumento de soporte para la toma de decisiones respecto a la implem[CA] La qualitat de l'aire és un determinant de la salut i benestar de les poblacions; la seua millora és part d'algunes metes dels objectius de desenvolupament sostenible (ODS) amb l'Agenda 2030. Sobre aquest tema, s'han definit a nivell mundial protocols, acords, convenis i alineaments de política per a aconseguir avançar en el compliment dels ODS. Existeixen reportes nacionals d'avanç sobre la implementació de metes específiques, segons l'agenda de cada país i en alguns casos en l'àmbit de ciutat, els indicadors de la qual poden integrar-se en les dimensions més conegudes del desenvolupament sostenible: la dimensió ambiental, la social i l'econòmica. Existeix informació sobre el monitoratge de l'estat de la qualitat dels recursos i de les condicions del territori en diversos temes. No obstant això, no en tots els territoris, en les seues diferents escales espacials, es realitza contínua avaluació del seu acompliment sostenible i, a més a més, factors de deterioració ambiental com la contaminació de l'aire, són tractats com a determinants aïllats amb la generació de reportes del seu comportament i el desenvolupament de plans de monitoratge i de mitigació. De la mateixa manera, per als diferents temes que fan part de les dimensions de la sostenibilitat, existeixen eines de modelatge per a avaluar el comportament dels seus indicadors; no obstant això, no es compta amb un instrument que pronostique el nivell d'avanç en el desenvolupament sostenible i a més que identifique la influència de la qualitat de l'aire en el seu comportament. Les eines d'aprenentatge automàtic poden aportar en la resposta a aquesta situació, en ser instruments útils en el pronòstic del comportament d'un conjunt de dades. Per consegüent, l'objectiu central d'aquest treball doctoral és establir la incidència de la qualitat de l'aire sobre el desenvolupament urbà sostenible, en les seues dimensions ambiental, social i econòmica, mitjançant l'ús d'eines d'aprenentatge automàtic, com a suport per a la presa de decisions. Aquest objectiu involucra el disseny i execució d'una metodologia per a identificar la influència d'indicadors en matèria de qualitat de l'aire, sobre el desenvolupament urbà sostenible. Aquest treball doctoral es va desenvolupar com a compendi d'un conjunt de publicacions que inclouen 1) la revisió de l'estat de l'art per a la identificació de les variables i paràmetres que podrien qualificar les dimensions individuals de l'acompliment sostenible, 2) l'avaluació del nivell d'avanç en el desenvolupament sostenible d'una zona urbana i l'anàlisi estadística del seu acompliment sostenible segons les variables analitzades; 3) la identificació, selecció i aplicació de les eines d'aprenentatge automàtic i finalment 4) la identificació del grau d'influència de la qualitat de l'aire en el pronòstic del nivell de sostenibilitat establit. Per a això es va fer ús del programari ArcGIS per a l'anàlisi espacial i del programari d'accés lliure R per a les anàlisis estadístiques i l'aplicació de les eines d'aprenentatge automàtic. Aquesta investigació es va realitzar a partir d'un estudi de cas en una localitat de la ciutat de Bogotà, a Colòmbia que és la capital del país, situada sobre una planícia altitudinal en la serralada oriental i a 2625 metres sobre el nivell de la mar. Bogotà és una de les ciutats més poblades a Amèrica Llatina i és una de les capitals mundials que ha presentat alts nivells de contaminació per material particulat, sent aquest un factor de risc per a la seua població. La metodologia construïda permet avaluar la influència de la qualitat de l'aire en el desenvolupament urbà sostenible mitjançant l'ús d'eines d'aprenentatge automàtic. És aplicable a zones urbanes i orienta el pas a pas per a la determinació dels factors de major rellevància en cadascuna de les dimensions de la sostenibilitat, constituint-se en un instrument de suport per a la presa d
[EN] Air quality is a determinant to the health and well-being of populations; its improvement is part of some of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the 2030 Agenda. In this regard, protocols, agreements, pacts, and policy guidelines have been defined worldwide to progress in the SDGs' achievement. Additionally, there are national progress reports on reaching specific goals, based on each country's agenda. In certain cases, these include city-level reports, whose indicators, both at the national and city levels, can be integrated into the central and best-known dimensions of sustainable development, namely the environmental, social, and economic dimensions. There is information concerning the monitoring of the state of resource quality and territorial conditions in various areas. However, not all territories in their different spatial scales are continuously evaluated for their sustainable performance. Moreover, environmental deterioration factors such as air pollution are handled as isolated determinants with reports generated on their behavior, in addition to developing monitoring and mitigation plans. Likewise, there are modeling tools to evaluate the behavior of different components that are part of the dimensions of sustainability. However, there is no instrument that forecasts the level of progress in sustainable development that also identifies the influence of air quality on its behavior. Machine learning tools can contribute to responding to this situation, as they are able to predict the behavior of a data set. Therefore, the primary objective of this doctoral work is to establish the incidence of air quality on urban sustainable development, in its environmental, social, and economic dimensions, through the use of machine learning tools to support decision-making. This objective entails designing and implementing a methodology to identify the influence of air quality indicators on urban sustainable development. This doctoral thesis was developed as a compendium of a set of publications which include: 1) the review of the state of the art for identifying variables and parameters that could qualify the individual dimensions of sustainable performance; 2) the evaluation of the level of progress of the sustainable development of an urban area, and the statistical analysis of its sustainable performance based on the variables analyzed; 3) the identification, selection, and use of machine learning tools, and lastly 4) the identification of the influence of air quality on the prediction of the established sustainability level. The ArcGIS program was used for the spatial analysis, and the free-access software R for the statistical analysis, and the use of the machine learning tools. This research was performed based on a case study of a locality in the capital of Colombia; Bogotá, which is located on an altitudinal plain in the eastern mountain range at 2625 meters above sea level. Bogotá is one of the most populated cities in Latin America and is one of the world capitals with the highest levels of air pollution from particulate matter, which is a risk factor for its population. The methodology developed enables evaluating the influence of air quality on urban sustainable development with machine learning tools. This methodology is valid in urban areas, and through a step-by-step approach, determines the most relevant factors for each sustainability dimension. It has become a tool to support decision-making regarding the implementation and progress of the SDGs from the micro-territory level.
Molina Gómez, NI. (2021). Incidencia de la calidad el aire en el desarrollo urbano sostenible. Metodología de pronóstico basado en herramientas de aprendizaje automático [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/168398
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Rodas, Arango Isabel Cristina. "Las dinámicas urbanas en ocupaciones micro y los efectos de las prácticas de apropiación espacial. Caso de estudio Barrio José Carlos Mariátegui, Lima, Perú." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16450.
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El proceso urbano en Lima ha experimentado un crecimiento desordenado, caracterizado en gran medida por la autoconstrucción que se ha afianzado a través de las décadas como la principal forma de construir ciudad. Esta dinámica, que ocurre al margen del Estado y ocupa zonas de difícil acceso o valor urbano residual, surge a mediados del siglo XX hasta consolidarse finalmente como una forma dominante de urbanización. Un hecho que parece caracterizar esta forma de urbanización en los últimos años es la escala micro en que ocurre. Al tratarse de Asentamientos Humanos formados por algunos centenares de familias o inclusive mucho menos, se incrementa la fragmentación territorial, la cual desemboca en una mayor dificultad de acceso de los habitantes a la infraestructura y servicios de la ciudad. Es en este contexto, la presente investigación se interesa por conocer aquellas prácticas que pueden contribuir a mitigar la fragmentación existente en la ocupación del territorio. La base del análisis ha sido la identificación y registro de la experiencia del mapeo comunitario y su impacto desde la dimensión territorial, política, social y temporal en el caso del barrio José Carlos Mariátegui. Esta herramienta de apropiación socio espacial sirve como instrumento de diagnóstico e identificación territorial para la población y ofrece condiciones de soporte para promover proyectos urbanos a escala micro en busca de la consolidación urbana. En los resultados obtenidos, resalta cómo las dinámicas urbanas que ocurren alrededor de la aplicación de esta herramienta contribuyen a la construcción de lazos de solidaridad y empoderamiento de la población, mediante el reconocimiento de un territorio común que trasciende la microescala del asentamiento humano. No obstante, no logra mejorar las condiciones que regulan las relaciones socio políticas y temporales en función de la planeación y en cierto modo, terminan fertilizando las relaciones clientelistas y populistas con el Estado en materia de desarrollo urbano.Trabajo de investigación
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Gabellini, Cristian. "La viticoltura a piede franco nel territorio ferrarese." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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L’avvento dell’insetto fitofago Fillossera, dapprima in Francia e poi nel resto dell’Europa e del mondo, attraverso barbatelle infette provenienti dagli Stati Uniti, ha mutato irrimediabilmente l’intero settore vitivinicolo. Prima dell’arrivo di questo patogeno la vite europea si sviluppava franca di piede, ovvero sulle proprie radici originarie, mentre oggi la stragrande maggioranza della viticoltura si fonda sulla pratica dell’innesto, che prevede l’unione del nesto, rappresentato dalle varietà europee di Vitis vinifera, su un portinnesto di origine americana. Quest’ultimo, infatti, poiché tollerante all’insetto, rappresenta l’unico rimedio totalmente efficace alla Fillossera. In questo contesto la viticoltura a piede franco risulta un’attività unica ed esclusiva, realizzabile solo in alcuni singolari areali che godono di particolari condizioni pedoclimatiche, come, in Italia, la fascia costiera della provincia di Ferrara. La seguente tesi offre un inquadramento generale sulla fillossera, sulla sua diffusione, sui mezzi di lotta impiegati per contrastarla e sulla sua ricomparsa, per poi concentrarsi sull’analisi del territorio ferrarese, individuando le peculiarità che lo rendono idoneo alla coltivazione delle viti franche di piede. A tal proposito, a seguito di un’intervista personalmente condotta ai proprietari di due aziende della zona ferrarese con esperienza di coltivazione di viti a piede franco (Azienda Agricola Mirco Mariotti e Azienda Agricola Corte Madonnina), vengono anche approfondite le dinamiche aziendali nella conduzione di viti non innestate, rispetto a quelle innestate. Grazie all’esperienza diretta dei due produttori, le considerazioni spaziano dall’ambito gestionale a quello commerciale, ponendo le basi per realizzare, per quanto possibile, un confronto tra le due tipologie di coltivazione, individuandone eventuali differenze, che interessano sia le proprietà vegeto-produttive delle viti che sensoriali dei vini che da esse derivano.
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MESQUITA, Maria Elisabeth Alves. "Moto Clubes de Goiânia - GO: Formadores de territórios e territorialidades urbanas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1864.
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Previous issue date: 2008-06-27The goal of this research is to analyze urban groups called motor clubs, from Goiânia, capital of the State of Goiás, considering the time perspective between 1980 and 2008, choosing as the beginning, the decade of 1980s, because this period was the formation of the motor clubs in Goiânia. These groups are composed, mainly, by males, and they have the motorcycle as the common good, not as a vehicle itself, but as a symbol of ideology of the group, which refers to the lovers of freedom, adventure, brotherhood, fraternity and extension of youth. In order to broaden the view to this subject, this research was based on the theory of the current individualism and tribalism as well as the underground culture and the current urban tribe issues. This work related the motor clubs to other young urban gangs and the power of the moving pictures media, being the provider of this lifestyle. The main objective of this research, and focusing on the Geographic view, is to indicate, survey, locate, characterize and to show the boundaries of the spaces formed by these groups formed in the urban, during the period of research, as well as, we could even dare to differentiate them and create a new category of fixed, casual and micro territories. And analyzing the vast and complex symbolic field, it is shown a discussion about urban territorialities by these social agents, members of the motor clubs. They can create physical, material barriers, frontiers within a symbolic base, and are able to modify the accesses to people with the people who don t belong to that area. The methodology of this research consists of 60 (sixty) questionnaires, 20 (twenty) informal interviews semi-structured and visits to motor club places, motor bars, video arcades and motorcycle events.
Pretende-se neste trabalho analisar os grupos urbanos denominados de moto clubes da cidade de Goiânia, capital do Estado de Goiás. Para isso, utiliza-se o recorte temporal de 1980 a 2008, período que engloba desde a formação dos primeiros moto clubes de Goiânia ao ano de conclusão da pesquisa. Esses grupos são formados, em sua maioria, pelo gênero masculino, possuem como bem comum a motocicleta, contudo não como um mero veículo e sim um símbolo de ideologia grupal, que remete a ideários de liberdade, aventura, irmandade, fraternidade e extensão da juventude. Na tentativa de ampliar a visão sobre tal assunto, utilizaram-se as bases conceituais do individualismo e do tribalismo contemporâneo, percorrendo também os movimentos de contracultura e subcultura, assim como as recentes discussões acerca de tribos urbanas. Relacionaram-se os moto clubes com outros grupos juvenis urbanos e a força da mídia cinematográfica como propagadora desse modo de vida. A partir do levantamento de caracterização e espacialização dos territórios por eles formados no urbano nesse período pesquisado, os diferenciamos e espacializamos em seus territórios fixos, territórios eventuais e micro territórios. Ao analisar o seu vasto e complexo campo simbólico, entrou-se na discussão de territorialidades urbanas também formadas por esses atores sociais, os membros dos moto clubes. Destacam-se aí as fronteiras com bases simbólicas, físicas, materiais que são capazes de influenciar os acessos de pessoas que são ou não do pedaço . Como estratégia metodológica foram aplicados 60 (sessenta) questionários, 20 (vinte) entrevistas do tipo aberta semi-estrutura e ainda visitas a campo em sedes de moto clubes, moto bares, locadoras de vídeo e em eventos motociclísticos.
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Matykevicz, Roselaine. "Desenvolvimento Territorial e gestao participativa: o caso do Projeto Microbacias 2, em três Barras/Sc." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2007. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/495.
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Previous issue date: 2007-12-14The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the process of participative management of the Project Micro Basins 2 implanted in two micro basins in the county of Três Barras/SC.This project is based on the tripod includes economic, environmental and social aims, it also presents strategies of actions which praises the development of a participative process. It is tried to understand the increasingly interest in the valorization of the participative element recording its relationship with the tendency, today, of approaching the territorial development. The same way, it has been tried to get previous experiences, which have influence in the present position of the Project. Hence, there is evidence that the strategy of action of the Project Micro Basin 2, is based on an innovative proposal for the reality studied, and that this process presents, at the same time, positive aspects which register the emphasis of the participative management and limiting appearances manly for not assume a territorial approach of the development. The opening of participative spaces, the boosted pedagogic feasibility, the possibility to accept more the local priorities, the insertion of new social behaviour characterize themselves as positive factors. On the other hand the incompatibility between the Project proposal and the local historical and social aspects, the adoption of hydrographic basins as a unit of operation and the record of operational problems have appeared to be the main problems of the process. It is , then, asked if the participative management proposal taken by the Project Micro Basins 2 is an authentic participation. So evidently, the studied case, for not presenting the participation and the autonomy desired, it consists more precisely in a process of pseudo participation.
O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar o processo de gestão participativa do Projeto Microbacias 2 implantado em duas microbacias do município de Três Barras/SC. Este Projeto é fundamentado em um tripé que abrange objetivos sociais, econômicos e ambientais, além de apresentar uma estratégia de ação que preconiza o desenvolvimento de um processo participativo. Busca-se entender o crescente interesse pela valorização do elemento participação registrando o relacionamento deste com a emergência atual pela abordagem territorial do desenvolvimento. Da mesma forma, procura-se resgatar experiências anteriores que exerceram influência no presente posicionamento do Projeto. A partir de então, constatase que a estratégia de ação do Projeto Microbacias 2 configura-se em uma proposta inovadora para a realidade estudada e que este processo apresenta ao mesmo tempo aspectos positivos, que registram a ênfase da gestão participativa, e aspectos limitantes, principalmente por não assumir uma abordagem territorial do desenvolvimento. A abertura de espaços participativos, a viabilização pedagógica impulsionada, a possibilidade de acatar mais fielmente as prioridades locais, e a inserção de novos comportamentos sociais caracterizam-se como fatores positivos. Por outro lado, a incompatibilidade entre a proposta do Projeto e os aspectos históricos e econômicos locais, a adoção da microbacia hidrográfica como unidade de operacionalização, e o registro de problemas operacionais mostram-se como os principais limitantes do processo. Questiona-se então, se a proposta de gestão participativa assumida pelo Projeto Microbacias 2 se configura no que se considera como participação autêntica. E evidencia-se assim, que o caso estudado, por não apresentar a participação e a autonomia almejada consiste mais precisamente em um processo de pseudoparticipação.
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Silva, Diago Marenilson Oliveira Batista da. "Desenvolvimento espacial paraibano e suas implica??es na forma??o territorial." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ECONOMIA, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24277.
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O presente trabalho busca o entendimento sobre as transforma??es ocorridas em determinados locais, e ? nesse contexto que se insere o tema abordado. Nele, vamos buscar compreender e conhecer a respeito do desenvolvimento das regi?es paraibanas, bem como, demonstrar o panorama atual do desenvolvimento do estado. Esse estudo apresentar? o processo de desenvolvimento regional, condicionado pelo aspecto da evolu??o do desenvolvimento das regi?es e este processo ser? representado atrav?s da mensura??o do desenvolvimento pelos ?ndices de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IDHM) e de Vulnerabilidade Social (IVS), al?m de outros indicadores socioecon?micos que contemplam de certa forma os elementos essenciais para o desenvolvimento regional. O trabalho apresenta uma perspectiva hist?rica da forma??o econ?mica da Para?ba, os elementos que comp?em as teorias de crescimento e desenvolvimento e sobre a teoria de polos de desenvolvimento. Para apresenta??o dos ?ndices de desenvolvimento e vulnerabilidade, optou-se por construir uma matriz de peso espacial, dando possibilidade a obten??o das estat?sticas I de Moran, Diagrama de Dispers?o de Moran e os Indicadores Locais de Associa??o Espacial (LISA). A discuss?o do desenvolvimento foi baseada principalmente na an?lise do LISA. Para elabora??o do trabalho foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental, de car?ter explorat?rio. Como resultado observou-se, uma evolu??o no desempenho dos indicadores gerais da Para?ba, e uma concentra??o do desenvolvimento nas cidades ?polos?, principalmente na regi?o de Jo?o Pessoa. Por isso, destaca-se a necessidade da implementa??o de pol?ticas p?blicas para o desenvolvimento do estado, que se encontra em um papel de coadjuvante no cen?rio nacional e regional, apresentando um alto ?ndice de concentra??o na microrregi?o de Jo?o Pessoa. Desenvolver o Estado, n?o ? s? pensar em alternativas de conviv?ncias com os efeitos naturais, mas consiste acima de tudo em tra?ar meios e pol?ticas de interliga??o econ?mica entre todas as regi?es, buscando otimizar todas as suas potencialidades, afim de alcan?ar um desenvolvimento mais harm?nico entre as regi?es que comp?em um determinado estado da federa??o.
This work seeks to understand the transformations occurring in certain places, and it is in this context that the theme addressed in the work is inserted, which will seek to understand and know about the development of the regions of Paraiba, as well as showing the current panorama of the development of the State. The work will present the regional development process, con-ditioned by the developmental aspects of the development of the regions and this process will be represented by measuring the development by the Municipal Human Development Index (IDHM), as well as by the Social Vulnerability Index (IVS) and Of other socio-economic indi-cators that in some way contemplate the essential elements of regional development. The paper presents a historical perspective of the economic formation of Para?ba, the elements that com-pose the theories of growth and development and the theory of poles of development. In order to present the indices of development and vulnerability, it was decided to construct a spatial weight matrix, giving the possibility of obtaining the static I de Moran, Moran Dispersion Dia-gram and Local Spatial Association Indicators (LISA). The development discussion was mainly based on the LISA analysis. For the elaboration of the work, a bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, of an exploratory nature. As a result, there was an evolution in the performance of Para?ba's general indicators, as well as a concentration of development in the "polo" cities, mainly in the region of Jo?o Pessoa. Therefore, it is necessary to implement public policies for the development of the State, which is in a supporting role in the national and re-gional scenario, in addition to that, the State presents a high concentration index in the micro-region of Jo?o Pessoa. To develop the State, it is not only a question of alternatives to coexist-ence with natural effects, but above all it is to draw up means and policies of economic inter-connection between all regions, seeking to optimize all the potential of the State, in order to achieve a more harmonious development between Regions that make up a particular state of the federation.
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Diniz, Gustavo Figueiredo Campolina. "Ind?stria mineira : mudan?as estruturais e aglomera??es territoriais." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/3881.
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-26Este trabalho avalia o processo hist?rico de origem e especializa??o produtiva em Minas Gerais, que se iniciou em 1920, a expans?o do setor sider?rgico, bem como, o processo de especializa??o produtiva da ind?stria de Minas Gerais, e a predomin?ncia da ind?stria qu?mica e metal?rgica a partir dos anos 70. Em seq??ncia, ocorre a an?lise sobre a altera??o da estrutura produtiva de Minas Gerais, acompanhada da distribui??o regional da ind?stria e da configura??o da Economia Mineira no s?culo XXI. Finalmente, a avalia??o sobre as Novas Aglomera??es Produtivas em Minas Gerais, e a transi??o ao longo do per?odo 1990 2007, em que ? aplicada a metodologia proposta por Crocco et all. (2003). Finalmente obt?m-se o ?ndice de concentra??o normalizado para os sub-setores da ind?stria de transforma??o, com o intuito de averiguar se a disposi??o espacial da ind?stria mineira apresentou um padr?o disperso ou linear, entre 1990 2007.
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Zapata, Isabel. "Accesibilidad y poblamiento : orientaciones estratégicas para el ordenamiento territorial : caso estudio micro región sur de la XI región Aysén : provincia de Capitán Prat." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/115922.
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Brasil, Luiz Augusto Damasceno. "Caracter??sticas socioecon??mico-demogr??ficas dos educandos do Plano Territorial de Qualifica????o do Distrito Federal no ano de 2007." Universidade Cat??lica de Bras??lia, 2016. https://bdtd.ucb.br:8443/jspui/handle/tede/2014.
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This research analyzes the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of enrolled students, graduates and evaders of social and professional training courses offered by the Territorial Qualification Plan (PlanTeQ) of the Federal District in 2007 under the aegis of the National Qualification Plan - PNQ, which was established by Resolution No. 333 of July 10, 2003, the Deliberative Council of the Fund for Workers (CODEFAT). This is an exploratory and descriptive study of aggregate data, having a quantitative approach and document analysis and data collection and methodological procedures. The study comes from the lack of information and knowledge of the students subjected to this initiative of governments at the federal and district level, performed in the first decade of this century for skilled workers, proclaimed as intended for social and professional inclusion. After the data analysis, the results demonstrated that the research objectives were fully achieved, which allowed even trace to present the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of a student enrolled in the Federal District in a PlanTeQ qualification course in year as regards the study.
Esta pesquisa analisou as caracter??sticas socioecon??mico-demogr??ficas dos educandos inscritos, concluintes e evasores dos cursos de qualifica????o social e profissional oferecidos pelo Plano Territorial de Qualifica????o (PlanTeQ) do Distrito Federal no ano de 2007, sob a ??gide do Plano Nacional de Qualifica????o ??? PNQ, que foi institu??do pela Resolu????o n?? 333, de 10 de julho de 2003, do Conselho Deliberativo do Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhador (CODEFAT). Tratase de uma pesquisa explorat??ria e descritiva de dados agregados, possuindo uma abordagem quantitativa, tendo a an??lise documental e o levantamento de dados como procedimentos metodol??gicos. O estudo nasce da car??ncia de informa????es e conhecimentos sobre os educandos submetidos a esta iniciativa de governos em n??vel federal e distrital, executada na primeira d??cada do s??culo XXI para qualifica????o de trabalhadores, proclamada como destinada ?? inclus??o social e profissional. Ap??s a an??lise de dados os resultados permitiram constatar que os objetivos da pesquisa foram plenamente alcan??ados, o que possibilitou at?? mesmo tra??ar para o momento presente as caracter??sticas socioecon??mico-demogr??ficas de um educando inscrito no Distrito Federal em um curso de qualifica????o do PlanTeQ no ano a que se refere o estudo.
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Clemente, Evandro César [UNESP]. "O Programa de Microbacias no contexto do desenvolvimento rural da região de Jales-SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105081.
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clemente_ec_dr_prud.pdf: 5127131 bytes, checksum: 8eefae7145d385b488d52e79da84d71d (MD5)A pesquisa tem como objetivo principal analisar a atuação do Programa de Microbacias Hidrográficas no contexto do desenvolvimento rural da região de Jales. A referida região apresenta estrutura fundiária desconcentrada, predomínio do trabalho familiar e a policultura, com destaque para a fruticultura e a pecuária leiteira. O aprofundamento do processo de globalização, o avanço do neoliberalismo e a crise fiscal do Estado brasileiro ocorridos no último quartel do século XX constituem alguns fatores responsáveis pela mudança nas políticas públicas direcionadas ao campo. O esgotamento do paradigma desenvolvimentista, que concentrou renda e degradou o meio ambiente, cedeu lugar a perspectiva do desenvolvimento territorial que visa combater a pobreza e cuidar do meio ambiente através do estímulo à participação, à descentralização administrativa, ao fomento das atividades rurais não-agrícolas, de modo a dinamizar os espaços rurais. Tais políticas devem ser valorizadas e aprimoradas por priorizarem os pequenos proprietários rurais, que tradicionalmente foram marginalizados. Sob tal formato, no âmbito federal foi criado o PRONAF e uma série de políticas vinculadas ao MDA, como os Territórios da Cidadania, e no âmbito estadual tem tido destaque o Programa Estadual de Microbacias Hidrográficas (PEMH)...
The most important goal of this research is to analyze the performance of the Micro Watershed Program in the context of rural development in the region of Jales. That region presents concentrated land structure, predominance of family labor and poly culture, with emphasis on fruit culture and dairy cattle. The deepening of the globalization process, the advance of neo liberalism and the fiscal crisis of the Brazilian state occurred during the last quarter of the 20th century are some factors that are responsible for the changes in the public policies directed to the field. The exhaustion of the developmental paradigm, which has concentrated finance and degraded the environment, gave place to the territorial development perspective. That perspective has the purpose of fighting against poverty and to take care of the environment by encouraging the participation, the administrative decentralization and by promoting rural non-farm activities. So, it will make the rural areas more dynamic. Those politics should be valued and improved because they prioritize the small farmers who were traditionally marginalized. Thus, the national government created the PRONAF and many other political actions related to MDA, such as The Citizenship Territories, and the Micro Watershed Program (PEMH)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Books on the topic "Micro territorios"
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Chiesi, Leonardo, ed. Identità sociale e territorio. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-689-1.
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Identità sociale e territorio. Il Montalbano presenta un lavoro di ricerca sul rapporto tra abitanti e paesaggio nella campagna toscana. Il materiale raccolto si articola in testo, immagini e video in una rappresentazione polifonica delle basi territoriali dell'identità sociale del complesso collinare del Montalbano, che si estende tra Firenze, Empoli, Prato e Pistoia. Il tema dell'identità locale territoriale è trattato nelle sue varie articolazioni. Si analizza come è organizzata la relazione tra abitanti e loro territorio, prendendo in considerazione, in particolare, la memoria storica sedimentata nei documenti e nei ricordi degli anziani, e poi analizzando la percezione dei confini e dei luoghi di riferimento che contribuiscono a formare un'immagine mentale chiara e strutturata dell'area vasta del Montalbano. Si prendono inoltre in esame gli attori sociali che contribuiscono a fare il paesaggio: coloro che a vario grado, con azioni e micro-azioni quotidiane, continuamente riproducono quella complessa figura territoriale che tanto interesse suscita in chi vive o semplicemente attraversa il Montalbano. Abbinamento editoriale: volumetto introduttivo e CD-rom
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Becerra, Marcos Cerra. Caracterización participativa de la problemática territorial en la micro región Ahuachapán sur: Avances hacia un ordenamiento territorial. San Salvador, El Salvador: Geólogos del Mundo, Delegación de Centroamérica, 2011.
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Coz, Jean Le. La micro-regionalisation dans le systeme territorial français: Des plans d'amenagement rural aux chartres intercommunales, la geopolitique eclatee. Montpellier: Université Paul-Valéry, 1987.
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Coz, Jean Le. La géopolitique éclatée: La micro-régionalisation dans le système territorial français : des plans d'aménagement rural aux chartes intercommunales. Montpellier: Laboratoire de géographie rurale de l'Université Paul Valéry, 1987.
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Competitividad económico-productiva y reorganización territorial. Los dilemas no resueltos de las micro y pequeñas empresas. El Colegio de Tlaxcala A. C., 2010.
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Enrique, Dussel Peters, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Centro de Estudios China-México., and Mexico Secretaría de Economía, eds. La inversión extranjera directa en México: Desempeño y potencial : una perspectiva macro, meso, micro y territorial. México, D.F: Centro de Estudios China-México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía, 2007.
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Enrique, Dussel Peters, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Centro de Estudios China-México., and Mexico Secretaría de Economía, eds. La inversión extranjera directa en México: Desempeño y potencial : una perspectiva macro, meso, micro y territorial. México, D.F: Centro de Estudios China-México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Economía, 2007.
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Dussel Peters, Enrique. La inversión extranjera directa en México. Desempeño y potencial. Una perspectiva macro, meso, micro y territorial. Centro de Estudios China-México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/cechimex.9789682327155p.2007.
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(Nablus), Women's Affairs, ed. Self-employed women in the informal economy of the occupied Palestinian territories: A joint study about the commercial needs of female micro-entrepreneurs in the occupied Palestinian territories. [West Bank: s.n., 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Micro territorios"
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Ravalet, Emmanuel, Yann Dubois, and Vincent Kaufmann. "Territories of High Mobility: Micro and Macro Analysis." In High Mobility in Europe, 129–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137447388_7.
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Hecquet, Vincent, and Frédéric Lainé. "Groups, SME, and Territories: A Statistical Typology of the Local Industrial Structures in France." In Micro- and Macrodata of Firms, 487–508. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-48863-4_22.
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Stagno, Anna Maria, and Vittorio Tigrino. "Lo sguardo del geografo: Massimo Quaini, l’archeologia, la storia." In Il pensiero critico fra geografia e scienza del territorio, 259–75. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-322-2.18.
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In this paper we discuss how Massimo Quaini, since the end of the 1960’s, dialogued (or did not) with the sister disciplines of historical geopgraphy: archaeology and social history. We reflect on the experimental path of Quaini “towards a new geographicity” and on the numerous meetings, separations, parallel and divergent routes which had place along it; focusing on Massimo’s experiences and acquaintances in Genoa, those of the Ligurian Study Centre on Deserted Villages and of the debates around population geography and history of material culture, and later those related to the Permanent Seminar on Local History and the long discussion around micro-history and its different outcomes.
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Taviani, Carlo. "The Genoese Casa di San Giorgio as a Micro-Economic and Territorial Nodal System." In The Routledge Handbook of Maritime Trade around Europe 1300–1600, 177–91. New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315278575-11.
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Segre, Claudia, Serena Spagnolo, Valentina Gabella, and Valentina Langella. "The Financial Wellbeing Index: “Donne al quadrato” and the relevant impact measurement." In Proceedings e report, 77–82. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-304-8.16.
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How can we reduce economic violence? Can financial literacy and education enhance economic wellbeing? The present paper reports the results of a research conducted by ALTIS – Università Cattolica and Global Thinking Foundation for the evaluation of changes, improvements and consequences produced by the educational course in financial literacy ‘Donne al quadrato’, provided by the Foundation among the policies against economic violence implementation. In this study, impacts’ measurement refers to conceptual framework of financial wellbeing, a composite notion constructed of objective and subjective dimensions related to people’s financial behaviour. The expression ‘Financial Wellbeing’ highlights how economic issues are inextricably bound to individual and social wellness. Helping people enhancing their own financial wellbeing – in a broad sense – should then be the very first purpose of economic education activity. In the present research, financial wellbeing has been measured by the implementation of a synthetic index, based on studies of World Bank and University of Bristol. The index is intended to measure people’s self-sufficiency and independence about their financial situation, resources and capabilities. The indicator takes into account both micro and macro features, being the first ones specific of the sample analysed and latter territorial context variables employed for the removal of the macroeconomic changes affecting the entire population from the specific changes proceeding from the training. The trial, involving different Italian regions, has been fulfilled by the administration of a tailoredmade survey pre and post the “Donne al Quadrato” course, during academic year 2019/2020, in order to register the change occurred in the respondents’ perception of their knowledge, behaviour, personality and aptitudes. The results of the experimentation demonstrated that financial education could engender the modification not only of knowledge but also of awareness and proficiency in financial behaviours, as well as the increase of course participants’ financial wellbeing.
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Florit, Luciano, and Cristiane Sbardelati. "Intensive Speciesism Regions in Brazil." In Impact of Meat Consumption on Health and Environmental Sustainability, 277–94. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9553-5.ch016.
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This chapter brings together ethical, social and territorial implications of the meat industry in the regions of Brazil where animal husbandry is the main economic activity. This article thus articulates concepts elaborated in the field of environmental ethics applying them to sociological analysis of territorial development using the notion of ‘regions of intensive speciesism'. The notion is elaborated as a conceptual tool to highlight territories whose socio-economic development pattern accepts the production of meat as a supposed “regional vocation”. In such territories, non-human sentient beings are unquestionably put into the same category as things. The identification of this pattern enunciates interrelated implications of meat production that are not usually recognized. These implications include the high rates of health problems affecting workers in slaughterhouses; the symbolic and economic domination over territories and people by the agroindustry; and the drastic moral inconsideration of sentient beings. The article is based on the case study of Concórdia, a micro region located in the state of Santa Catarina in the south of Brazil.
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Armstrong, Joshua. "Asymmetrical Tactics." In Maps and Territories, 171–94. Liverpool University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781786942012.003.0008.
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Chapter Seven, ‘Asymmetrical Tactics,’ reads Jean Rolin’s Ormuz [Hormuz] (Prix de la langue française, 2013), a novel taking place in the Strait of Hormuz, gateway onto the Persian Gulf. In this oil-rich, high-stakes territory, center stage is taken by international commercial, political, and military positionings for power, while, behind the scenes, war and oil spills invisibly affect the local ecologies where people, animals, and plants (Rolin is attentive to all of these) carve out their lives. Rolin employs a set of asymmetrical literary tactics that allow him to re-center his chosen environments around their most peripheral elements in order to reveal the unseen underside of modernity’s decor. Idiosyncratic micro- and macro-features of his prose, from digressive sentence structure to eccentric plot premises and a dual narrative perspective allow Rolin’s novel to make room for expansions of various kinds. As such, the present-day territory he scrutinizes becomes a haunting confluence of places, times, and possibilities, revealing not only how the local and the global mutually involve one another, but also how the present moment retains its past and foretells its possible futures. This chapter reads Rolin in light of Edward Casey’s writings upon edges, environments, and the ‘topologics’ of place.
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Nassauer, Anne. "How to Keep Protests Peaceful." In Situational Breakdowns, 117–28. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190922061.003.0009.
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Chapter 8 discusses the practical implications of the findings discussed in Chapters 2 to 7. It highlights that violence can be avoided on the micro-level and presents specific measures to do so. First, it discusses the relevance of a flow of communication between protesters and police, clear territorial boundaries, and preventing rumors from spreading. It outlines boredom as a vital factor against violence. Second, the chapter highlights practical measures, such as focusing on communication, focusing on effective police management, respecting territorial boundaries, increasing awareness of the effect of escalation signs and property damage, as well as focusing on the danger zone of 1½ to 2½ hours after the start of a protest, during which time violence usually occurs. Discussing detailed examples of protests in Germany and the United States from 1960 until 2010, the chapter indicates that much can be done on the micro-level to prevent violent clashes if we know what to look for.
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Della, Juliano, Carlos Bavaresco, and Álvaro Back. "Controle de escoamento através de micro reservatórios em lotes urbanos." In Planejamento e gestão territorial: o papel e os instrumentos do planejamento territorial na interface entre o urbano e o rural, 306–22. Unesc, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18616/pgtur11.
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Griesebner, Andrea, Isabella Planer, and Birgit Dober. "Einverständlich versus uneinverständlich. Scheidungsoptionen katholischer Ehepaare 1783-1868." In Niederösterreich im 19. Jahrhundert, Band 2: Gesellschaft und Gemeinschaft. Eine Regionalgeschichte der Moderne, 251–82. NÖ Institut für Landeskunde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52035/noil.2021.19jh02.10.
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Uncontested versus Contested. Divorce Options for Catholic couples 1783–1868. This chapter considers divorce records of Catholic couples living in Lower Austria during the long 19th century, contrasting the legal situation with court practice. With regard to the development of marriage law between the poles of ecclesiastical and secular responsibilities, we outline the divorce options and analyze the strategies employed by wives and husbands. An excursus on the possibilities of divorce in other European territories contextualizes the four subsequent micro-studies. Doctors and craftspeople from sovereign cities and markets as well as farmers from ecclesiastical or aristocratic domains come into view. Finally, in two micro-studies we analyze the consequences of the transfer of the jurisdiction back to ecclesiastical courts from 1856 onwards. A look at the further legal development and a short summary completes the article.
Conference papers on the topic "Micro territorios"
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Temes Córdovez, Rafael R., Moisés Simancas Cruz, Alicia García Amaya, and María Pilar Peñarrubia Zaragoza. "Urban form in the tourist cities of the coast of the Canary Islands. The morphologies of leisure." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5964.
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The tourist city has been a space with few and weak reflections from the urban discipline. The developed planning, at best, has been uncritically exported from the residential city. However, in these cities, almost 12% of Spanish GDP is generated. The vast majority of Spanish coasts, especially on the Mediterranean coast and in the archipelagos, are occupied by large areas of holiday cities. Many of them were born in the first boom of Spanish tourism in the 60's. The mass tourism model, predominant in our coast, also generates a mass city. The morphology of this city does not follow the common and more consolidated patterns of the residential city. Today many of these tourist destinations begin to show of obsolescence. For this reason, the analysis of its urban form is a valuable tool in the face of its renovation project. In this work, we propose the analysis of the tourist micro-destinations of the Canarian archipelago. In order to this we will identify the main morphological patterns and characterize them from the analysis of a set of descriptive indicators related to public and private space. References Gaja, F. (ed.) (2012) DeCoastruction (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia). Pié, R. and Rosa, C. (eds.) (2013) Turismo líquido (Instituto Hábitat Turismo Territorio, UPC and UM, Barcelona). Simancas Cruz, M. R. and Hernández Martín R. (Eds.) (2015) Reinventando alojamientos turísticos. Casos de éxito y soluciones innovadoras (Cátedra de Turismo de Cajacanarias - ASAHOTEL - Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife Simancas Cruz, M. R. and García Cruz, J. I. (2015): ‘La modelización territorial de un espacio urbano-turístico de litoral: una propuesta para el plan de rehabilitación de las infraestructuras turísticas de Puerto de la Cruz (España)’, in GeoFocus, nº 15, p 105-132. Temes R. and Tuset, J., R. (eds.) (2015) Orilla marítima. Territorio litoral (General de ediciones de Arquitectura, Valencia).
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Santamaria, Giovanni. "Transforming Territories: A Landscape of “In-Tension-Alities”." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.46.
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The flow of people, resources, material and immaterial goods, and at the same time regimes and strategies of control, have always shaped/reshaped our geographies and processes of urbanization. Therefore built and unbuilt landscapes have been characterized by gradual or dramatic changes, leading to new architectural typologies and urban morphologies corresponding to the transformation of means of production, distribution, circulation, consumption and to the shift of political, economic and ideological realms. The effects of these processes on structure and quality of space and life could be described as part of a complex Urban Metabolism¹ which looks at the city and its territory as a complex organism. This dynamic landscape has reached a high level of complexity where natural environments (geology, hydrology, topography) and cultural environments (productive lands, urban settlements, infrastructural networks) need to be synergistically understood as part of an articulated ecological system, with both micro and macro implications. It is the synthesis of geographic-historical contents (collective values), aesthetic-perceptual contents (individual values), and ecological-natural contents (biological values)², influenced more and more by natural and man-made disasters caused by climate change and human conflicts. Since the city as a definable entity and product of predetermined models has become obsolete, we are now called to work with a collage of fragments, heterogeneous and dynamic, often in opposition and unpredictable, subjected to the balance of variable forces, with their own order and rules, and their own ways of evolving, which we have to understand and manage³. This determines the need for new tools and methods to observe, record and assess urban phenomena, and the data regarding them, towards more sensitive interventions.
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Fabbri, G., M. Dessi, F. M. Frattale Mascioli, M. Paschero, S. Sgreccia, L. Anniballi, and S. Nardecchia. "Bonifica 2.0: An Integrated Territorial System of Sustainable Mobility and Micro Smart Grids." In 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isie.2014.6864858.
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Nejat, Amir, Pooya Mirzabeygi, Masoud Shariat-Panahi, and Ehsan Mirzakhalili. "Heat Transfer Enhancement Across a Pair of Confined Cylinders Using Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88833.
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The dissipation of the heat generated by electronic devices is the key issue in design and development of such products. The trend, especially in the computer industries, has been reducing the size and increasing the computing power of the electronic elements. Studies have indicated that the thermal performance of a micro-channel depends on its geometric parameters and flow conditions. Many techniques have been developed to enhance the performance of confined elliptical cylinders while minimizing the momentum loss. In this paper, a new robust optimization technique is presented. This new technique is an improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm in which diversity is actively preserved by avoiding overcrowded clusters of particles and encouraging broader exploration. Adaptively varying “territories” are formed around promising individuals to prevent many of the lesser individuals from premature clustering and encouraged them to explore new neighborhoods based on a hybrid self-social metric. Also, a new social interaction scheme is introduced which guided particles towards the weighted average of their “elite” neighbors’ best found positions instead of their own personal bests. The case study in this paper is a two dimensional incompressible flow of non-Newtonian power-law fluid over a pair of elliptical tandem cylinders confined in a channel. A new curve parameterization named Class-Shape-Refinement-Transformation method is used to modify the shape of the confined cylinders, and its control points are adopted as the design variables. Furthermore, final solutions obtained from the Territorial Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm reveal an evident improvement over the test case cylinder across all objective functions presented.
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Wir-Konas, Agnieszka, and Kyung Wook Seo. "Between territories: Incremental changes to the domestic spatial interface between private and public domains." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6061.
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Between territories: Incremental changes to the domestic spatial interface between private and public domains. Agnieszka Wir-Konas¹, Kyung Wook Seo¹ ¹Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne. Newcastle City Campus, 2 Ellison Pl, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST. E-mail: agnieszka.wir-konas@northumbria.ac.uk, kyung.seo@northumbria.ac.uk Keywords (3-5): building-street interface, incremental change, micro-morphology, private-public boundary, territory Conference topics and scale: Urban form and social use of space In this paper we investigate incremental changes to the relationship between private and public territory on the micro-morphological scale of the residential building-street interface. The building-street interface lies on the edge between two distinctively different spatial domains, the house and the street, and provides a buffer which may be adjusted to aid the transition from private to public territory. The structure of the space impacts both domains: it provides a fit transition from the private dwelling to the public territory, creates a space for probabilistic encounters between inhabitants and strangers, and maintains the liveability of the public street. The aim of this paper is threefold: Firstly, we recognise morphological differences in the structure of the interfaces and the way the transition from private to public territory was envisioned and designed in different societal periods. Secondly, we study incremental changes to the interface, representing individual adjustments to the private-public boundary, in order to recognize common types of adaptations to the existing structure of the interface. The history of changes to each individual building and building-street interface was traced by analysing planning applications and enforcements publicly provided by the city council. Lastly, we compare the capacity of each building-street interface to accommodate incremental change to the public-private transition. We argue that studying the incremental change of the interface and the capacity of each interface to accommodate micro-scale transformations aids in the understanding of the complex social relationship between an individual and a collective in the urban environment. References (180 words) Conzen, M. R. G. (1960). Alnwick, Northumberland: a study in town-plan analysis. Transactions and Papers (Institute of British Geographers) 27, iii-122. Gehl, J. (1986) ‘Soft edges in residential streets’. Scandinavian Housing and Planning Research 3(2), 89-192 Gehl, J. (2013) Cities for People (Island Press, Washington DC). Habraken, N. J. and Teicher, J. (2000) The structure of the ordinary: form and control in the built environment (MIT press, Cambridge). Hillier, B. and Hanson, J. (1984) The Social Logic of Space (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Jacobs, J. (1961) The Death and Life of Great American Cities (Middlesex: Penguin, Harmondsworth). Lawrence, R. J. (1987) Housing, dwellings and homes: Design theory, research and practice (John Wiley, Chichester). Palaiologou, G., Griffiths, S., and Vaughan, L. (2016), ‘Reclaiming the virtual community for spatial cultures: Functional generality and cultural specificity at the interface of building and street’. Journal of Space Syntax 7(1), 25-54. Whitehand, J. W. R. and Morton, N. J. and Carr, C. M. H. (1999) ‘Urban Morphogenesis at the Microscale: How Houses Change’, Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 26(4), 503-515.
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Manzhilevskaya, S. E. "ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEM OF DUST LEVEL IN THE CONSTRUCTION ZONE AS A METHOD OF ECOLOGIZATION OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTION." In INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itno.2020.447-448.
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The article analyzes the current state of environmental monitoring of atmospheric air near the construction or repair and construction works of the urban environment. The main direction of environmental monitoring in the context of local construction, i.e. the construction of housing complexes, micro districts where the construction site borders on already built and populated residential buildings, should be the control of air pollution, where special attention is paid to fine dust. Reliable monitoring of dust pollution in construction zones and adjacent territories is an important goal of improving the environmental safety of construction production.
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Nakashidze, Nunu, Nino Kiknadze, Nargiz Alasania, Darejan Jashi, and Shota Lominadze. "THE CONCENTRATION OF MACRO AND MICRO ELEMENTS IN OPEN AND CLOSED GROUND SOILS IN THE TERRITORIES OF ADJARA REGION." In 20th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference Proceedings SGEM 2020. STEF92 Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/5.1/s20.099.
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Psenner, Angelika, and Klaus Kodydek. "Researching the morphology of the city’s internal micro structure: UPM Urban Parterre Modelling." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5115.
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As conventional cadastral maps only show building perimeters, they contain no information about the city’s internal structure—about the complex interplay of architecture and its socio-economical use. Thus urban planning seems to spare little thought for what really takes place inside the buildings lining a street, although we perfectly know that the potentials of ground floor use and the structure of the correlating public street space are directly related. The Urban Parterre Modelling UPM-method refers to the city’s “parterre” as a holistic urban system: it covers both built-up and non-built-up areas. Thus street, ground floor and courtyard are treated as entity, so that their interrelations can come to light. Technically the method represents the merging of a common 3D-city-model and a Comprehensive Ground Plan Survey CGPS—a researching technique used in the 1960s until the 1990s (mostly in Italy and Switzerland). This new urban research method has been developed and tested in a pilot study by means of an in depth exploration of an exemplary historical street in Vienna. In September 2015 a new four years research program was financed by the Austrian Science Fund (Austria's central funding organization for basic research, FWF) and launched at the Department of Urban Design at Vienna University of Technology. Within this operational framework a variety of different street-level environments in Vienna are being examined. Given this perspective the paper is therefore addressing the following issues: How was the Viennese ground level originally used? Which urban functions were located there? What are the (historical) interrelations between public space and the life inside buildings? How does this micro system influence urban life and especially pedestrian behaviour?References: CANIGGIA, G. (1986): “Lettura di Firenze – Strukturanalyse der Stadt Florenz”. In Malfroy/ Caniggia: Die morphologische Betrachtungsweise von Stadt und Territorium. Zürich: ETH, Lehrstuhl f. Städtebaugesch. MALFROY, S. (1986): „Die morphologische Betrachtungsweise von Stadt und Territorium“. Zürich : ETH, Lehrstuhl f. Städtebaugeschichte MURATORI, S. (1960): Studi per un operante storia urbana di Venezia. Roma: Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato PETERS, M. (1990): „Stadtgrundriss als Arbeitsinstrument: dem Mittelalter auf der Spur“. In: Hochparterre 1990/4, 30-31 (http://dx.doi.org/10.5169/seals-119191) accessed 23.10.2017 PETERS, M. (1999b): „Elektronische Erfassung eines Industriequartiers: zusammenhängende Grundrissaufnahme in Zürich, ein Experiment“. In: Schweizer Ingenieur und Architekt, Vol.117, 779-784. RUEGG, A. (ed.) (1975): Materialien zur Studie Bern. 4. Jahreskurs 1974/75. Zurich: ETH/Schnebli/Hofer
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Becerra-Santacruz, Habid, and Axel Becerra-Santacruz. "Mapping of emerging territorial phenomena at Micro Scale: Development of collaborative database as a base for Evidence-Based Design Strategies." In Congreso SIGraDi 2020. São Paulo: Editora Blucher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/sigradi2020-62.
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Dormandy, J. "RHEOLOGY AND ISCHAEMIA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643989.
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While the previous presentations have dealt with the experimental evidence linking flow patterns and shear stress to thrombosis and atherogenesis, this presentation will concentrate on the clinical evidence linking Theological abnormalities to macro and micro-circulatory ischaemia. Whole blood viscosity undoubtedly influences blood flow along larger vessels as suggested by Poiseuille. The two important determinants of whole blood viscosity are the red cell concentration and plasma fibrinogen.There is overwhelming epidemiological evidence that the red cell concentration is a primary risk factor for the development of essential hypertension, myocardial, cerebral and leg ischaemia. It is also a secondary risk factor in patients who already had a clinical episode of ischaemia in any of these territories. There is similar evidence in relation to a high plasma fibrinogen.Furthermore therapeutic haemodilution or defibrinogenation are increasingly used in the prevention and treatment of ischaemia.Haemorheological factors in the microcirculation are probably equally important but more difficult to assess clinically. The concept of a 'vicious viscous spiral' in ischaemic tissue is gaining increasing support. Whatever the initial cause of the ischaemia, important secondary haemorheological changes occur which can perpetuate or aggravate the ischaemia. Most of the changes known to occur locally in ischaemic tissues such as hypoxia, acidosis, release of serotonin and platelet activation have been shown to impair the deformability of blood cells. This will be particularly important if the perfusion pressure is also decreased and may result in capillary plugging and uneven distribution of flow in the microcirculation. Abnormal blood cell filtrability, just as whole blood viscosity, has been shown to be associated with acute as well as chronic ischaemia in most territories. Furthermore there is a correlation between the magnitude of the haemorheological changes measured and the subsequent clinical course of the patient following an ischaemic injury.The newest aspect of haemorheology to attract clinical attention is the role of the white cell in ischaemia. Epidemiological as well as recent experimental and clinical studies suggest that the Theologically activated white cell may be the most dangerous component of blood in terms of perpetuating and extending tissue ischaemia.The assessment of the Theological properties of blood should form an integral part of studies looking at the causes and possible therapy of all forms of acute and chronic ischaemia.