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Journal articles on the topic 'MICRO STRIP PATCH ANTENNA'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 September 2023

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1

RameshBabu, Dr K. "CPWG Fed with Octagonal Patch Antenna." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 20, 2021): 2086–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35313.

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A Co planner Wave Guide (CPWG) fed with octagonal patch antenna is modified from their respective rectangular patch are presented for WLAN application. The dielectric material applied in the design process for both co planar and micro strip patch antenna is FR4 Epoxy Glass, which has relative permittivity of 4.4 and substrate height 1.6mm. Antenna parameters used to check the performance. A comparison is made between the octagonal co-planar antenna and octagonal micro strip antenna available. Ansys HFSS is used for antenna design and analysis. Both designed antennas are suitable for wireless local area network application and the design parameters of the antenna are optimized to resonate at 3GHz frequencies for WLAN applications. It has been found that octagonal micro strip patch antennas have lower return loss and are more directive than co planar patch antenna. High directivity of octagonal micro strip antenna is due to the presence of ground plane under the substrate of antenna. The results obtained by simulations have also shown that octagonal co planar patch antennas have high radiation efficiency (a measure of the power radiated through the antenna as an electromagnetic wave to the power fed to the antenna terminals) and which implies a wider bandwidth as compared to an octagonal micro strip patch antennas. The radiation efficiency obtained for micro strip patch antenna is 24% and that for co planar patch antenna is 67%, the directivity for micro strip patch antenna is 3.75 dB and that for a co-planar patch antenna is 3.25 dB.

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2

Srinivasa Rao, V., K. V. V. S. Reddy, and A. M. Prasad. "Bandwidth Enhancement of Metamaterial Loaded Microstrip Antenna using Double Layered Substrate." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 5, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v5.i3.pp661-665.

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<p class="Abstract">Communication has become a key aspect of our daily life, becoming increasingly portable and mobile. This would need the use of micro strip antennas. The rapid growth has led to the need of antennas with smaller size, increased bandwidth and high gain. In this paper, a new version of micro strip patch antenna is designed by adopting double layered substrate concept and adding a layer of metamaterial structure to a square micro strip antenna. The antenna properties gain, return loss and bandwidth are studied to achieve better performance. The designed patch antenna has an improved bandwidth of 60% at a resonant frequency of 2.47 GHz. This antenna is designed and simulated by using HFSS software.</p>

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3

P, Subramanian, and Sujatha Therese P. "A 28-GHz U-slot Micro Strip Patch Antenna." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 0009-SPECIAL ISSUE (September 25, 2019): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11/20192599.

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4

Baskar, Karthik, Pavithra Krishnamoorthy, Nehrujee Vishalinee, Padmavarshini Sivakumar, Anita ., and Varshini Karthik. "Investigation on interaction of radiofrequency waves (microwaves) with saphenous veins." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.8 (March 19, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.8.10328.

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Varicose veins contract when heated through microwave ablation. Heat application through microwave ablation, the collagen tends to regain its elasticity. In this paper, we propose simulation of the varicose vein with a wearable micro strip patch antenna. ANSYS HFSS 17.2 is an electromagnetic finite element method solver. The phantom model of human skin with normal vein and varicose vein with a wearable micro strip patch antenna was designed using this software. The wearable micro strip patch antenna is designed so that this approach is minimally invasive. The wearable micro strip patch antenna is modelled with a resonant frequency of 9.8 GHz. The temperature of about 45°C is proposed as the treatment for varicose vein.

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5

ZITOUNI, Mohamed, Tahar BENMESSOUD, Samir AIDOUD, and Abdelaziz Hachem BENHADJ. "Modeling and Simulation of a Micro-Strip Patch Antenna in Pentagonal Fractal Geometry." All Sciences Abstracts 1, no. 2 (July 25, 2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/as-abstracts.1219.

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The antenna is an important element in the field of communication for transmitting and receivinginformation in the form of electromagnetic waves, it is also used in several fields such as detection systems, satellites and surveillance aircraft, communications networks and GPS automobiles and satellite communications through the system. The design of the antennas using the A-HFSS software "Ansoft- High Frequency Structure Simulator" is essentially based on the variation of the shape of the antenna and its conductive material, the nature and the thickness of the substrate in order to have a structure that resonates in the desired frequencies for applications precise.The goal of this work is to study and design a micro strip patch antenna in fractal geometry, regarding thecharacteristics such as the reflection coefficients, the gain and the radiation implemented in the environment HFSS software. The patch antenna is characterized by its small size, low cost, easy manufacturing and network connectivity. Despite its space-saving appearance, it retains the electromagnetic properties that ensure the device connectivity. We have compared the patch antenna in pentagonal and fractal pentagonal geometry in 1D to 3D pentagonal antenna array on the resonance frequency fed by a micro-strip line in order to have the best characteristics of these antennas; the bandwidth and the directivity of this antenna, using the electromagnetic simulation tool in the frequency domain CST MICROWAVE STUDIO.The information’s will reach: -The resonance frequency is higher for a normal patch antenna compared to that of a fractal patch antenna.- There is a presence of interferences due to the correctly destination.- The gain radiation pattern is a dipole (isotropic antenna) in the fractal antenna.– The bandwidth is wider for a fractal patch antenna compared to that of a normal patch antenna.

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6

Singhal, P. K., and Arun Kant Kadam. "Analysis and Design of Rectangular Resonant Microstrip Patch Antenna Loaded with SLOTTED RHOMBUS Shaped Left-Handed Inspired Metamaterial Structure." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.030205.

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Authors analyzed and explored a significant concept of micro-strip patch antenna configured by double negative left handed metamaterial structure. Basic aim of this paper is to explain the general properties of rectangular micro-strip patch antenna with metamaterial structure like return loss, bandwidth, directivity and Smith chart. In this paper authors have compared the return loss of the micro-strip patch antenna at a frequency of 2.26 GHz and height of 3.2 mm from the ground plane with “SLOTTED RHOMBUS” Shaped left-handed structure. It has been observed that the return loss has reduced by 25 dB approximately.

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7

H. V., Pallavi, A. P. Jagadeesh Chandra, and Paramesha Paramesha. "Design and Performance Analysis of MIMO Patch Antenna Using Superstrate for Minimization of Mutual Coupling." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 21 (June 28, 2022): 204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23204.2022.21.25.

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For 5G communications, An different types Antennas are plays major role to minimize mutual couplings and here MIMO is important technology which uses patch antenna’s. Where the existing design focuses only on frequency reconfiguration, but it does not take advantage of the entire frequency and power spectrum. Therefore, the honeycomb-shaped Metamaterial cells used in the suggested antenna design serve as a superstrate for micro-strip patch antennas with a extensive range of actual negative permittivity and permeability, as well as a refractive index feature. Also, to reduce mutual coupling in current printed and other antennas. A metamaterial superstrate-based micro-strip antenna with RF MEMS Varactor diode switching is proposed in this paper. Based on a micro-strip antenna, metamaterials in the shape of circular and hexagonal arrays are employed as the superstrate. Also, the superstrate layers serve as a random, providing strength to the entire structure while also improving other antenna metrics such as gain and bandwidth. The design outputs for several metamaterial superstrates in terms of reflection coefficient (S11), gain, and bandwidth are compared by adding varactor diode switches to the metamaterial superstrate, which also allows for frequency reconfiguration. As a result, the suggested antenna was designed to reduce mutual coupling and improve system performance in 5G technology, specifically in mm-wave applications. The obtained results for metamaterial superstrate designs demonstrate high bandwidth and gain behavior.

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8

H. V., Pallavi, A. P. Jagadeesh Chandra, and Paramesha Paramesha. "Design and Performance Analysis of MIMO Patch Antenna Using Superstrate for Minimization of Mutual Coupling." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 21 (July 4, 2022): 142–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23201.2022.21.15.

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For 5G communications, An different types Antennas are plays major role to minimize mutual couplings and here MIMO is important technology which uses patch antenna’s. Where the existing design focuses only on frequency reconfiguration, but it does not take advantage of the entire frequency and power spectrum. Therefore, the honeycomb-shaped Metamaterial cells used in the suggested antenna design serve as a superstrate for micro-strip patch antennas with a extensive range of actual negative permittivity and permeability, as well as a refractive index feature. Also, to reduce mutual coupling in current printed and other antennas. A metamaterial superstrate-based micro-strip antenna with RF MEMS Varactor diode switching is proposed in this paper. Based on a micro-strip antenna, metamaterials in the shape of circular and hexagonal arrays are employed as the superstrate. Also, the superstrate layers serve as a random, providing strength to the entire structure while also improving other antenna metrics such as gain and bandwidth. The design outputs for several metamaterial superstrates in terms of reflection coefficient (S11), gain, and bandwidth are compared by adding varactor diode switches to the metamaterial superstrate, which also allows for frequency reconfiguration. As a result, the suggested antenna was designed to reduce mutual coupling and improve system performance in 5G technology, specifically in mm-wave applications. The obtained results for metamaterial superstrate designs demonstrate high bandwidth and gain behavior.

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9

ARDIANTO, FAJAR WAHYU, SETYAWAN RENALDY, FARHAN FATHIR LANANG, and TRASMA YUNITA. "Desain Antena Mikrostrip Rectangular Patch Array 1x2 dengan U-Slot Frekuensi 28 GHz." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 7, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v7i1.43.

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ABSTRAKKebutuhan pengguna yang semakin meningkat harus diimbangi dengan peningkatan kecepatan data dan kapasitas suatu jaringan, sehingga diperlukan bandwidth yang lebar. 5G merupakan salah satu teknologi yang akan diresmikan tahun 2020 yang menjadi solusi terhadap peningkatan kecepatan data dan kapasitas layanan. Salah satu kandidat yang menjadi frekuensi kerja 5G yaitu 28 GHz. Antena mikrostrip merupakan salah satu jenis antena yang dapat digunakan untuk teknologi 5G. Namun, antena mikrostrip memiliki beberapa kekurangan, diantaranya bandwidth dan gain yang kecil. Untuk itu, dibutuhkan teknik yang dapat meningkatkan bandwidth dan gain antena. Pada penelitian ini dirancang antena mikrostrip bentuk rectangular patch yang ditambahkan slot berbentuk U dengan tujuan meningkatkan bandwidth dan disusun secara array 1×2 untuk meningkatkan gain antena. Hasil dari simulasi didapatkan antena mampu bekerja pada rentang frekuensi 27,5 GHz – 29,12 GHz pada batas return loss kurang dari -15 dB dengan bandwidth sebesar 1,62 GHz. Nilai gain yang dihasilkan sebesar 7,52 dB. Pola radiasi yang dihasilkan, yaitu unidireksional dan berpolarisasi secara linear.Kata kunci: 5G, 28 GHz, mikrostrip, rectangular patch, array, U-Slot ABSTRACTData rate and network capacity improvements offset the increase of user needs, hence it requires a wider bandwidth. The most current high-end technology, which can solve the problem is 5G. One of the frequency that becomes the candidate of 5G is 28 GHz. For 5G, it could apply one of the antenna types, micro strip antenna. However, micro strip antenna has a shortage of narrow bandwidth and small gain. Therefore, it requires a technique to increase the bandwidth and gain of the antenna. In this study, the form of micro strip of antenna design is a rectangular patch with the addition of U-Slot and arranged 1x2 to increase the bandwidth and antenna gain. The results of the simulation show that the antenna is working well at the range frequency of 27.5 GHz - 29.12 GHz, with a return loss limit of -15 dB with bandwidth of 1.62 GHz, the resulting gain value is 7.52 dB, the resulting radiation pattern is unidirectional and linearly polarized.Keywords: 5G, 28 GHz, microstrip, rectangular patch, array, U-Slot

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10

Leo Pauline, S., and T. R Ganesh Babu. "Design and Analysis of Compact Dual Band U-Slot Microstrip Patch Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for Wireless Application." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.1 (August 4, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.1.16787.

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This paper explore about the micro strip patch antenna design with a defected ground structure (DGS) for dual band operation. The intend of this paper is to design an micro strip antenna, under the frequency at 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz that can be utilized for BLUETOOTH and WLAN applications. The feeding technique used here is coaxial feed technique. The above said double band property can be established by etching U-slot in the ground plane. Being periodic structure slot is selected and it is imposed on ground plane. The periodic structures naturally modify the method of propagation of the electromagnetic signal passing on to the antenna. Essentially its core is to vary the parasitic capacitance and inductance of the material through which the substrate is made. This may moreover leads to the reduction in size and progress the performance of the antenna. Micro strip patch antennae are favored due to the fact that these are small in size, inexpensive, consume low power and easy to fabricate and also be designed to meet wide band application requirements.

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11

Zhao, Dechun, Xiaoyu Chen, Longsheng Zhang, and Huiquan Zhang. "Design of the Micro-Strip Antenna for Wireless Capsule Endoscope." Journal of Information Technology Research 8, no. 3 (July 2015): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2015070103.

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This paper analyzed the type of mini-type antenna, studied the miniaturization technique based on simulation in depth, and finally designed the high-performance micro-strip antenna. The advantages of micro-strip antenna are light-weight, compact size, relatively thin thickness, and so on. However, it still needs aggressive miniaturization to satisfy the requirements of encapsulation. Techniques for miniaturization of antenna mainly include a ground plane, double-layer patch, shorting pin or wall, lossless dielectric substrate and the spiral structure. The techniques of multi-layer and shorting wall can narrow down the resonant frequency and attain bandwidth enhancement. Nonetheless, they have a complicated structure. Thus, simulation researched the influence of the surrounding tissue in detail, the position relation of shorting pin and the feed point, the substrate parameters and the structure parameters of the spiral antenna on performance. At last, through the techniques of the shorting pin, high permittivity substrate and the spiral shape, two Archimedean micro-strip patch antennas were developed for wireless capsule endoscope. The antenna has the bandwidth of about 300 MHz, the minimum voltage standing-wave ratio of 1.14:1, and the diameter of 8.3 mm. Therefore, the antenna can offer excellent performance for transmitting image data.

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12

Abbas, Hatem H., and Jabir S. Aziz. "Bandwidth Enhancement of Micro-Strip Patch Antenna." Journal of Mobile Communication 4, no. 3 (March 1, 2010): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jmcomm.2010.54.59.

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13

K., Bhavik. "Micro Strip Patch Antenna Using Broadside Coupling." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 3, no. 1 (2015): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150108.

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14

R, Bhakkiyalakshmi, and M. S. Vasanthi. "Reconfigurable Antenna using PIN Diode for Future Wireless Communication." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 4s2 (August 1, 2020): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.d1011.0484s219.

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This paper discusses design and analysis of reconfigurable antenna for millimeter wave communication. The proposed antenna model resonates at frequencies between 25- 34GHz using PIN diode. Return loss and voltage standing wave ratio achieved less than -10dB and 2 respectively. Resonating frequency changed by varying the bias of PIN diode switches. Antenna size is reduced using meander lines in the patch compared to the existing micro strip patch reconfigurable antennas. The proposed antenna is designed using Electromagnetic simulation software with appreciable gain.

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15

Kaur, Amandeep, and Praveen Kumar Malik. "Adoption of Micro-Strip Patch Antenna for Wireless Communication." International Journal of Electronics, Communications, and Measurement Engineering 10, no. 1 (January 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijecme.2021010101.

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The tremendous growth in wireless technology boosts the need for data transmission at high rates and with fast speed. The invention of wireless data transmission techniques cut down infrastructure costs by omitting the need for wires for long-distance communication. In every wireless application like wi-fi, Bluetooth, wi-max, GPS, mobile communication, satellite communication, etc. needs an antenna for signal transmission using radio wave, so the antenna is highly regarded for this. In this research article, an overview of wireless communication and the need for a microstrip patch antenna is discussed for wireless applications with gain and bandwidth enhancement techniques discovered by researchers till now after an extensive literature survey. Antenna performance is analyzed in terms of antenna parameters like VSWR, bandwidth, return loss, gain, and radiation pattern. This extensive literature survey is done to provide benefit to researchers and to analyze how much antenna efficiency is obtained at different frequencies in terms of the above-mentioned antenna parameters.

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16

Ahmad, Mansoor, and Fazli A. Khalil. "Design and Fabrication of a 2.4 GHz Right Hand Circular Polarized Micro-Strip Patch Antenna." Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences: A. Physical and Computational Sciences 58, no. 4 (March 28, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53560/ppasa(58-4)751.

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In this paper, we present a single feed circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.4 GHz WLAN frequency. A typical microstrip patch antenna is fabricated on a metal coated dielectric substrate where the metallic antenna patch is defined on the top of the substrate, whereas the bottom of the substrate acts as a ground plate. These antennas are typically used for civil and military communication purposes. Before fabrication, the presented antenna was first designed, simulated and optimized in CST Microwave studio. The circular polarization was achieved by perturbation of the edges, making the design optimization a bit challenging. The simulated and measured return loss of the proposed antenna is -27 dB and -13.34dB, respectively. Whereas, the gain came out to be 6 dB. The obtained results show that the presented antenna has the quality of right hand circular polarized antenna.

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17

Prashanth, Kolluri, Chintagumpula Jayakrishna Sai, B. L. Srihari, and Kumari Manisha. "Design of micro-strip patch antenna for C – band applications." E3S Web of Conferences 391 (2023): 01066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339101066.

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This paper presents the design of a horizontal slot micro-strip Patch antenna with a dual slot inset feed mechanism. The antenna is resonating at 4.28 GHz, with reflection coefficient of -16.32 dB, and a Bandwidth of 1 GHz. Rogers RT580 dielectric is used as substrate having relative permittivity of 2.2 and tan δ value of 0.0009. The gain of the antenna is 6.46 dBi and the cross-polarization levels are reduced to -16.4 dB. The micro-strip antenna can be used for C Band applications such as satellite communication between ground station and satellite.

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18

BENMESSAOUD, Tahar, and Mohamed ZITOUNI. "Modeling and Simulation of a Micro strip Antenna in Annular Geometry." International Conference on Pioneer and Innovative Studies 1 (June 13, 2023): 141–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.59287/icpis.819.

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Micro strip antenna has been widely developed over time due to its flexibility and easier todesign. The aim of this work is the simulation of an Annular Micro strip Patch antenna using CST software(Computer Simulation Technology) in order to know its performance (Gain, the reflection parameter S11,directivity, efficiency…). Adding slots to the initial patch was determined to improve the main factors ofthese characteristics.

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M. Nori, Lina, and Raad H. Thahir. "MULTI BAND MICRO STRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, Special (September 20, 2021): 1–152. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.conf.2.1.17.

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This research paper aims to design a new shape of the microstrip patch antenna. Combining a half circular and zigzag shape of a triangular patch antenna, we selected two different shapes of microstrip patch to obtained modern shape no one mentioned it before and it’s seems like a tulip rose, so this design achieved to works for multiband. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are (38×30×1.6) mm3 applied on the dielectric substrate FR-4, which has a relative dielectric constant of (εr=4.3) and loss tangent (tanδ=0.002). Both patch and ground are copper material with a thickness (t=0.035 mm). So four-band are achieved (5.1612-5.3874) GHz, (8.8729-10.067) GHz, (10.476-11.091) GHz, and (13.819-30) GHz. The return loss (S11) are (-20.784) dB, (-30.532) dB, (-19.246) dB and (-29.789) dB respectively. The antenna is printed by using FR-4 substrate and simulated by CST-Microwave studio software. This antenna works for various wireless applications such as Wi-FI, C band, X band, Ku band, Ka-band, cellular phones, and satellite communications.

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20

Kashyap, Neeru, Geetanjali ., Dhawan Singh, and Neha Sharma. "Comprehensive Study of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Different Feeding Techniques." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 9545–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.9545ecst.

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For modern wireless communication systems, miniaturized multiband antennas with enhanced bandwidth and gain are desired to achieve optimum system performance. A planar microstrip patch antenna is preferred because of its small size, low cost, and ease of fabrication. For impedance matching, a conductive metallic patch can be fed by different techniques to deliver the maximum power to the microstrip antenna. The various configurations of inset feed, co-axial feed, aperture feed, and proximity feed, and CPW feed, which are used to excite micro-strip patch antennas, are reviewed in this research paper. Different feeding mechanisms are discussed to improve antenna performance in terms of S11 parameter, bandwidth, gain, and radiation pattern suitable for different wireless communication applications.

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21

Park, Minkil, Wonhee Lee, and Taeho Son. "Composite GPS Patch Antenna for the AR Bandwidth Enhancement." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3250920.

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A composite Global Positioning System (GPS) patch antenna with a quadrature 3 dB hybrid coupler was designed and implemented for working RHCP and had a broadband axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. We designed two patches as a FR-4 patch and 1.5 mm thickness thin ceramic patch with a quadrature 3 dB hybrid coupler. A CP radiation pattern was achieved, and the AR bandwidth improved by incorporating a quadrature 3 dB hybrid coupler feed structure in a micro-strip patch antenna. SMD by chip elements was applied to the quadrature 3 dB hybrid coupler. For the composite FR-4 and ceramic patch antennas, the VSWR measurement showed a 2 : 1 ratio over the entire design band, and the 3 dB AR bandwidth was 295 and 580 MHz for the FR-4 patch and ceramic patch antennas, respectively. The antenna gains for the composite FR-4 and ceramic patch antennas were measured as 1.36–2.75 and 1.47–2.71 dBi with 15.11–25.3% and 19.25–28.45% efficiency, respectively.

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22

Gupta, Vivek, and Sandeep Agrawal. "Return loss & Gain Enhancement in RMPA by Rectangle cut Shaped Meta Material Structure Using at 2.097GHz." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.020304.

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In This work, Rectangular Micro strip Patch Antenna (RMPA) along with meta material which has design of “Rectangle Cut Shaped’’ structure is proposed at height of 3.2 mm from the ground plane. The RMPA with proposed Meta material structure is designed to resonate at 2.097 GHz frequency. This work is mainly focused on increasing the potential parameters of micro strip patch antenna. Proposed Meta material structure is significantly reduced the return loss and increased the bandwidth and gain of the antenna with compare to RMPA alone. The gain is increased up to 3.242 in comparison to RMPA alone. The return Loss of proposed antenna is reduced by 41.9db.

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23

Saha, Dipankar, Mandar Chakrabarti, and Abir Chattopadhyay. "Study on the limitations of Stacking Technique for Bandwidth Improvement of Microstrip Patch Antennas." American Journal of Science & Engineering 2, no. 3 (December 6, 2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15864/ajse.2305.

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Stacking of parasitic patch layers on rectangular micro strip patch antennas and its effect on the bandwidth and gain of the antenna are analyzed. For that two different frequencies 2.4 GHz and 11.5 GHz have been chosen from S band and X band respectively and stacking of patch layers have been done up to a certain limit assuming the minimum requirement of gain of 10 dB for S band antenna array and 12 dB for X band antenna array. So in both the cases, at first a 2x2 rectangular patch antenna arrays have been optimized to reach up to the gain requirement and then the stacking of parasitic layers have been done and results are checked and analyzed one by one.

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24

Hossain, Md Imran, Md Nafiul Islam, Md Ariful Islam, and Md Tofail Ahmed. "Minaret Shape Micro-Strip Patch Antenna with Partial Ground Plane for Lower 5G and Wi-Max Applications." Journal of Digital Integrated Circuits in Electrical Devices 8, no. 2 (June 9, 2023): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jdiced.2023.v08i02.002.

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Antennas are a difficult component to design, yet they play critical functions in wireless transmission systems. To construct the required antenna, the antenna designer must overcome enormous challenges in getting all of the antenna's optimal qualities. Antenna designers must consider antenna factors like bandwidth, return loss, VSWR, gain, directivity, efficiency, and so on, for specific applications. So keep all parameter values as optimal as possible; sometimes you may need to adjust the design of the antenna from its standard shape. The present investigation describes the development of a partial ground-plane micro-strip patch antenna in the shape of a minaret for use in lower 5G and Wi-MAX networks. A microstrip patch antenna with a minaret-shaped radiating element and a partial ground plane is suggested. The suggested antenna is simple because it does not include any unwanted components on the patch, yet the significant gain is maintained by optimizing the ground plane's dimensions and position. The proposed antenna is constructed using a Rogers RT5880 (lossy) substrate, the line feeding method, and 0.035 mm thick (annealed) copper for the patch and ground components. CST Studio Suite 2018 is used for layout and modelling. The antenna is 28 x 16 x 0.79 mm3 and offers a maximum gain of 2.321 dB and a maximum directivity of 2.529 dBi. The recommended antenna has a frequency range of 3.3721 GHz to 4.2382 GHz, making it usable for both low-band 5G and Wi-MAX systems.

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25

H. Qaddoori, Ilham, and Raad H. Thaher. "NEW DESIGN OF MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WI-FI APPLICATIONS." Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development 25, Special (September 20, 2021): 1–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.31272/jeasd.conf.2.1.1.

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In this research, a new design of a semi-star patch antenna is simulated for Wi-Fi applications. The antenna is operated at 2.4GHz, which is modified by inserting rectangular slots in the ground layer. Copper is used for the patch and ground layers, while FR-4 epoxy is used for the substrate layer. FR-4 epoxy has a Ԑr=4.3 and a loss tangent (tanδ) of 0.025. The antenna size is (45x48x1.6) mm³. The proposed antenna provides a reflection coefficient of -41.5 dB and a gain of 2.8 dB at the operating frequency. The proposed antenna is simulated by CST STUDIO SUITE 2019.

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26

Jambunathan, Suriya Prakash. "A Machine Learning-Based Approach for Antenna Design Using Class_Reg Algorithm Optimized Using Genetic Algorithm." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 1682–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39097.

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Abstract: Microstrip patch antennas are predominantly in use in mobile communication and healthcare. Their performances are even improved, using Split-Ring Resonator cells. But finding the ideal dimensions of the microstrip patch antenna and calculating the correct number and size of the split ring resonator cells consume a lot of time when we use Electromagnetic Simulation software to design first and then simulate. Using the pre-calculated results of certain sets of microstrip patch antennas with split ring resonators, a machine learning model can be trained and hence be used to predict the antenna metrics when the dimensions are specified. When the machine learning algorithms are combined with feature-optimization algorithms such as the Genetic Algorithm, the efficiency and performance can be improved further. Keywords: Machine Learning, Micro-strip Patch Antenna, Genetic algorithm, Split Ring Resonator.

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Thivakaran, T. K., and A. Sivabalan. "Compact Ultra-Wideband Slot Antenna with Dual Band Rejection by Using H-Shape Notch." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2019): 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2019.7791.

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The main objective is to design a dual band rejection micro strip patch antenna. In this antenna, H-shaped slots are made in the patch to achieve notched characteristics at two licensed band employed for Wimax and WLAN band. The above mentioned frequency ranges are licensed for WLAN and satellite communication applications. These antennas maintain the Omni-directional radiation patterns and are mostly suited for ultra wide band applications. For wide band operation, the shape of patch has been altered to octagonal just by chamfering the corners of the rectangular patch. The antenna parameters like radiation patterns, VSWR, reflection loss have been described clearly in this section. Radar applications, terrestrial networking and communication, space communications are some of the applications in this ultra wide band frequency range.

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Garg, Anshuman, and Anjana Goen. "Substrate Height and Dielectric Constant Dependent Performance of Rectangular Micro Strip Patch Antenna." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.020305.

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In this paper, Rectangular Microstrip patch antenna has been designed for different substrate heights and dielectric constants of substrate. This paper proposes a new generation of antenna that applies Meta material properties at ground Plane. The paper analyzes the performance of Micro strip Patch Antenna with and without using the Meta material structure. Effect of bandwidth due to change of substrate height and dielectric constant have been investigated. Finally, bandwidth for each substrate height and dielectric constant is measured for selecting the optimal patch antenna.

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Tripathi, Tanmay, Aryan Pandey, Nakul Yadav, and Ruchi Paliwal. "A Review Paper on Horn Antenna Using SIW Technology." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 4373–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51911.

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Abstract: In this paper, we review, Micro-strip patch antenna and Substrate Integrated Waveguide Technology (SIW). Horn Antennas have become attractive due to their inherent feature of being one of the solutions to many requirements associated with high-frequency bands. This paper presents a comparative study of different horn antennas, their operating frequencies, associated parameters and applications in terms of frequency bands also using the SIW technique, the construction of planar horn antenna is studied at K band and X band frequencies.

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Das, Hangsa Raj, Rajesh Dey, and Sumanta Bhattacharya. "ANALYSIS OF MICRO-STRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR WI-FI APPLICATIONS." Information Management and Computer Science 3, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 25–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/imcs.02.2020.25.26.

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For the purposes of Wi-Fi applications, the objective of this Rectangular Micro-Strip Patch antenna design. The aim of this research paper is to design, simulate, test and analyses a new form of rectangular micro-stip patch antenna with both RT Duroid and two-feed line substrates. The proposed model consists of the Linear Polarization Moment Process. The latest concept analytical analysis is simulation using the HFSS tool and the ZNB20 vector network analyzer (VNA) is used for experimental validation.

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S, Chethan. "Design, Simulation & Fabrication of 5G Antenna using Multiband Micro Strip Patch Antenna." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 3071–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35620.

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This article describes the construction of a single patch antenna array for 5G applications with frequency of 26 GHz. A rectangular patch antenna built on the FR-4 substrate that has been simulated and tuned using widely available electromagnetic simulation tools is the centre piece of this configuration.

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P.Venkat Rao, Tilak Mukherjee,. "Micro Strip Patch Antenna Characteristics Using Different Dielectric Substrates." International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering 04, no. 05 (June 20, 2015): 3813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15662/ijareeie.2015.0405003.

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., Garima, Aarti Bansal, and Surbhi Sharma. "MATLAB-CST interfacing for a Micro-strip Patch Antenna." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 10, no. 44 (November 1, 2017): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i44/120576.

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Annakamatchi, M., S. Arthireena, and V. Keral Shalini. "Miniaturized Micro strip patch Antenna for Ultra Wideband Applications." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 11, no. 20 (May 1, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2018/v11i20/123752.

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Bharghava, Punna, N. Srikanta, and Pachiyaannan Muthusamy. "MIMO Antenna for UWB with Single Tuned Frequency Notched Characteristics using Parasitic Element Method." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 9, no. 1s5 (December 30, 2019): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a1003.1291s519.

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A MIMO antenna with micro strip fed ultra wide band nature with characteristics of single band notching is presented in this paper. MIMO antenna has two monopole antennas. Larger impedance bandwidth is obtained by providing slots beside the feed line on ground plane. By using parasitic element on back side of patch band notching characteristics cab be obtained. Here, antenna size is 44x22x1.6 mm3. This antenna operates over the frequency band 4GHz to 11GHz with notched frequency band 5.1GHz to 5.9GHz. By keeping two monopole antennas perpendicular to each other, isolation of less than -15dB is obtained and good value of ECC is obtained.

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Jegan, Ganapathy, A. Vimala Juliet, and R. Himanshu Singhvi. "A Novel Design Approach of Reconfigurable Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications." Applied Mechanics and Materials 336-338 (July 2013): 1935–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1935.

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In this paper we have proposed an innovative design for a reconfigurable micro strip patch antenna for wireless applications. It has a central patch antenna operating at 7.5 GHz called as driven patch; with two adjacent wing patches which when connected with the central patch reconfigure the operating frequency to 5.5 GHz and 2.9 GHz. The design is performed by using 3D electromagnetic simulator HFSS considering ideal MEMS switches.

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Malathi, C. J., and D. Thiripurasundari. "Bandwidth Enhanced MIMO antenna for LTE bands using Split Ring Resonators and Stubs." Advanced Electromagnetics 7, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i2.606.

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In this work, an array of circular patch antenna loaded with a partial split ring and a pair of stubs each with same dimensions, on each of the antenna. Patch of the radius (r) = 7.5mm. The split ring is of the width 1.35mm. the split ring not only accounts for a newer operating band, but also tend to reduce the isolation and the stubs are tends to increase the bandwidth which results in change by 44.92% compared to array of antennas without split rings. The substrate dimensions are 55´30´0.8mm3 and the ground of 55´9mm2. The proposed antennas are simulated using high frequency structural simulator and the results compared with the circular patch antenna without split ring resonators. The results obtained clearly show that, bandwidth of circular micro strip antenna without split ring can be enhanced. The proposed antennas may find applications in LTE band 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 GHz covering a broadband width of 2500MHz.

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Venu Madhav, P., and Dr M SivaGanga Prasad. "Topology Optimization of Dual Octagonal Array antenna for low frequency applications." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.17 (April 15, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.17.11552.

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Objectives: Efficient antenna design for use in communication systems is altering the face of the antenna modeling. The ever-increasing demand for portable and efficient antennas is making researchers to develop innovative models [1] using advanced antenna modeling tools that comply with industrial needs and standards. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Antennas with lower operating frequencies have the major constraints on its size, efficiency and gain. Study on matching techniques, feeding techniques was also to be considered.Findings: Micro strip patch antennas offers considerable amount of radiation, low cost when fabricated on FR4, light weight and are conformable to suite any application. This paper projects the design, simulation and testing of a dual octagonal patch, the topology algorithm [3] is used to optimize the size and shape of the patch where octagons are spaced in the form of an array to address optimization on size and fits into wireless applications. Application/Improvements: The proposed model is tested in the standard antenna test bench comprising of microwave integrated circuit analyzer receiver MIC10kit and found to operate at a resonant frequency of 1.8 GHz with good radiation characteristics.

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Bhadoriya, Ranjeet Pratap Singh, Neha Sharma, Deeksha Gupta, and Divya Singh. "Miniaturization of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Biomedical Applications." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 1270–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.100479.

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In this study, a novel quad-band antenna for biomedical applications was designed, fabricated and analyzed. Biomedical application defines the use of antenna in detecting cancerous cells and its cure using hyperthermia. In this research paper, a rectangular micro strip patch antenna is modified with the circular and pentagonal shapes of negative media (Metamaterial). Antenna was reduced in size and ameliorated to operate on multiple frequency bands. Ameliorated antenna is operating at 1GHz also, which is the substantial operating frequency of cancer detecting tissues. Inclusion of metamaterial increased the bandwidth of and subsequently ameliorate the size of the proposed antenna.

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Rao, B. Venkateshwar, and Sunita Panda. "Optimal Design of Microstrip Antenna for UWB Applications using EBG Structure with the Aid of Pigeon Inspired Optimization Technique." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 10, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 1315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.100486.

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Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has become influential among academic research and industry because of its vast application in the wireless world. However, several drawbacks have in UWB based antenna. To tackle this, EBG (Electromagnetic Band Gap) structures have proposed. Furthermore, the design of EBG structures is very complex due to the uncertain EBG properties dependence upon unit cell parameters. Therefore, to the optimal design of micro strip antenna for applications of UWB, EBG-PIO (pigeon inspired optimization) on the basis of micro strip patch antenna has been proposed to enhance micro strip antenna’s performance in terms of directivity, gain, bandwidth and efficiency. To select design parameters optimally, the PIO technique is proposed with substrate material of Rogers RT/Duroid 6010 with height h = 1.6 mm. Proposed antenna return loss remains –34.6 dB to cover applications of UWB (3.1–10.6 GHz). Also, results exhibited by both proposed technique and fabricated model-based antenna has outperformed than existing techniques regarding directivity, return loss, bandwidth, gain and radiation efficiency.

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Jose, Jerry V., A. Shobha Rekh, and M. J. Jose. "Demonstrating Antenna Miniaturisation for Radiolocation Applications using Double Elliptical Patches." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 515–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16276.

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Double Elliptical Micro-strip Patch Antenna (DEMPA) is developed out of Double Elliptical Patch (DEP) which is a recently proposed shape of patch. The use of DEP results in higher flexibility in design of patch antenna and thus promotes antenna miniaturisation. The present work is an attempt to demonstrate the miniaturisation of radiolocation antenna through the concept of Design Flexibility (DF). In this paper, optimised neural network model for synthesis of DEMPA has been developed for radiolocation applications for which the earmarked frequency band is 8.50 GHz – 10.50 GHz. With the help of synthesis model, for an arbitrary operational frequency of 9.85 GHz, radiolocation antennas with effective patch area ranging from 142 mm2 to 66 mm2 were designed by using DEPs. In this case, the percentage reduction in effective patch area was found to be 53.52%. It shows that double elliptical patches can be employed to develop miniaturised radiolocation antennas. One prototype antenna was fabricated and tested to demonstrate the efficacy of the methodology adopted. The fabricated antenna had resonance at 10.15 GHz with a reflection coefficient of -20.73dB and bandwidth of 3.106 GHz (from 7.458 GHz to 10.564 GHz). Its Fractional Bandwidth was 34.469%. Positive and reasonably good gain was maintained over the entire working band. At resonance, the peak gain was 4.22 dB.The measured characteristics of antenna were in close agreement with the simulated results. The methodology presented in this paper can also be applied to frequency bands for other wireless applications.

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Kannadhasan, S., and R. Nagarajan. "Performance Improvement of Circular Micro-Strip Patch Antenna for WCS." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1119, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1119/1/012010.

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Teja, T. Ravi, G. S. Ajay Kumar Reddy, T. Ganesh Reddy, and S. V. Karthik. "Evaluation of Serrated Micro Strip Patch Antenna Using Different Substrates." IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 9, no. 3 (2014): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1676-09315054.

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gar B. Chaudhari, Jinal R. Patel, Ji. "Optimization and Return loss Reduction Of Micro strip Patch Antenna." International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering 03, no. 06 (June 10, 2015): 4996–5003. http://dx.doi.org/10.15680/ijircce.2015.0306004.

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Kumar, R. Dinesh, and G. PRamesh. "Dipole Micro-strip Patch Antenna Design for Tri-Band Frequencies." Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 11, no. 2 (2017): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9130.2017.00199.2.

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Demirbas, Gokcen, Cem Gocen, and Ismail Akdag. "Micro-strip Patch 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi Antenna Design For WLAN 4G- 5G Application." ICONTECH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 6, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/icontechvol6iss1pp68-72.

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In this study, an antenna with a frequency of 2.4 GHz has been designed that can be used in new generation wireless communication systems, which are in high demand with the development of technology. The designed antenna has Wi-Fi operating frequency range according to IEEE 802.11 standards. While choosing the antenna design, micro-strip antenna was preferred due to their geometry, lightness, low cost of production and compactness. While designing the antenna, the CST microwave studio program was deemed appropriate to be used and the necessary measurements were made. It has been deemed appropriate to use copper in the ground and patch parts of the antenna design. ROGERS 5880 (RT5880), for micro-strip circuit applications, was preferred as the substrate material. The dielectric coefficient of the selected material is 2.2. Its thickness is taken as 0.81 mm. As a result of the design, most of the intended goals were achieved. The gain of the designed antenna is measured as 2.73 dBi return loss value 30 dB and the bandwidth as in the 2.33-2.48 GHz range. These results are acceptable according to the standards. The 2.4 GHz antenna designed in this study can be used for Wi-Fi studies according to the experimental results.

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Jain, Priyanka, Raghavendra Sharma, and Vandana Vikas Thakre. "E SHAPE MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA WITH RECTANGULAR AND CIRCULAR SLOT." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 2 (May 2, 2020): 188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i2.2018.643.

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In this proposed design a Rectangular E shaped micro-strip patch antenna is present with rectangular and circular slot within the Rectangular patch which operate at frequency 2.4 GHz. By proposed antenna design and coaxial feeding at suitable place the resultant return loss, VSWR and bandwidth will be find out. For the propose microstrip antenna we have use FR-4 substrate which contain permittivity of 4.4 and thickness 1.5, loss tangent is 0.02. HFSS simulation software is used for designing and analysis.

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Et. al., Jyothsna Undrakonda,. "Comparative Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna of Wearable IOT Devices for Health Care." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 1364–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i2.1347.

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The Advances in the biomedical applications demands an antenna having highefficiency and gain, low return losses and Specific Absorption Ratio (SAR) to beassociated with the wearable and implantable devices for the accurate data transferwithout any data drift. For this, multi-band MIMO (multi-input multi output)applications, the antenna design with the target parameters is a challenging task toestablish a rich and reliable wireless communication setup with the monitoring systemin SHM of both biomedical and industrial sectors. Higher SAR will create the hazardsto the human body. The gain of the antenna and return loss figures depends on thesignal loss in the human tissues. Another important design challenge is the antennasize, which should be convenient to carry. Usually, Micro strip patch antenna is usingfor such type of applications as it satisfies most of the design parameters. But thebandwidth and gain of MSP are very limited. Hence there is huge scope to enhancethe gain and bandwidth of the micro strip patch antenna to fit for the biomedicalinvasive applications. Artificial materials having negative permittivity andpermeability will yield a negative refractive index will do better than the existingmaterials in the antenna design for the ISM band(2.45-5.8GHz) and satellites (11-13GHz).

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Mary Joy Kinol, A., and A. Sahaya Anselin nisha. "Development and Design Of 8x1 Micro Strip Antenna Array for Military/Satellite Communication." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.36 (December 9, 2018): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.36.23816.

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Antenna design has become as established field of research in recent years. The most important feature of MPA is low cost, low profile and single layer configuration. The frequency band at which the patch antenna operates is 12-1GHz and antenna array are fielded by Microstrip field line incorporated with 50 Ω impedance. In order to achieve enhancement in gain, directivity, bandwidth and return loss Quarter wave transformer and power divider are used. Microstrip patch antenna, employed with highly reflective properties is presented with the results of modeling, design and simulation. To illustrate this techniques a KU band 2×1, 4×1, 8×1antenna array integrated with series corporate feeding network are designed and simulated. The maximum gain of14.56dB at 10 GHz, the impedance beam width is 86.72% and 99% efficiency is arrived using this technique. Maximum radiation pattern is achieved by using low dielectric substrate of RT-DURROID. The design is verified using HFSS software, used to simulate the antenna array.

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Garg, Anshuman, and Anjana Goen. "Compact Patch Antenna Parameters Integrating Using Left-Handed Meta Material at 2.41GHz." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 21–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.020301.

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This paper propose a new generation of antenna design that applies Meta material properties at the height of 3.2mm above from the ground Plane. Paper also analyzed the performance of Rectangular Micro strip Patch Antenna with and without using the Meta material structure. All antenna parameters such as Return Loss, Gain, Directivity and Band width were measured. The main focus of this paper was to improve Return loss so that Patch antenna used for wide band applications. The additional features were its compact size and used in multiband operation.

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