Academic literature on the topic 'Micro level planning'

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Journal articles on the topic "Micro level planning"

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Barkhuizen, Gary, and Ute Knoch. "Macro-Level policy and Micro-Level planning." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 3.1–3.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0603.

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This article reports on a study which investigated the language lives of Afrikaans-speaking South African immigrants in New Zealand. Particularly, it focuses on their awareness of and attitudes to language policy in both South Africa and New Zealand, and how these influence their own and their family’s language practices. Narrative interviews with 28 participants living in towns and cities across New Zealand reveal that while living in South Africa they were generally aware of macro-level language policies in the country, and were able to articulate how these policies influenced language practices at work and within their families. The absence of an explicit national language policy in New Zealand means that these immigrants, on arrival in New Zealand, base their understanding of the linguistic context in the country on the language practices that they observe in their day-to-day lives. It is these observations which guide their decision-making with regard to their own and their family’s language practices.
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Barkhuizen, Gary, and Ute Knoch. "Macro-Level policy and Micro-Level planning." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 29, no. 1 (2006): 3.1–3.18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.29.1.01bar.

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This article reports on a study which investigated the language lives of Afrikaans-speaking South African immigrants in New Zealand. Particularly, it focuses on their awareness of and attitudes to language policy in both South Africa and New Zealand, and how these influence their own and their family’s language practices. Narrative interviews with 28 participants living in towns and cities across New Zealand reveal that while living in South Africa they were generally aware of macro-level language policies in the country, and were able to articulate how these policies influenced language practices at work and within their families. The absence of an explicit national language policy in New Zealand means that these immigrants, on arrival in New Zealand, base their understanding of the linguistic context in the country on the language practices that they observe in their day-to-day lives. It is these observations which guide their decision-making with regard to their own and their family’s language practices.
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Mac Giolla Chríost, Diarmait. "Micro-level Language Planning in Ireland." Current Issues in Language Planning 7, no. 2-3 (May 15, 2006): 230–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/cilp096.0.

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ICHOU, Abderazaq. "Amazigh Language in Education Policy and Planning in Morocco: Effects of the Gap between Macro and Micro Levels of Planning." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 08 (June 26, 2022): 3702–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v5-i8-49.

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It has been almost two decades now since the Amazigh language has been integrated in the Moroccan education system. Morocco decided, after the King Mohammed the sixth famous speech in Ajdir in 2001, to make Amazigh language officially taught in Moroccan schools. Amazigh language started as a school subject in 317 primary schools in 2003, with the hope of covering all the Moroccan schools in 2010. However, the reality nowadays is completely the opposite. Even after another decade Amazigh language covers only 5% of Moroccan schools. This state of fact shows that there is a wide gap between official discourse at the macro level about the Amazigh educational policy and the implementation of this policy at the micro level. The objective of this paper is to investigate the manifestations and effects of the gap between macro and micro levels of language policy and planning concerning Amazigh language in Moroccan education system. The central questions that this paper is trying to answer are the following: i) how is the gap between macro and micro levels of language policy manifested in the Amazigh education policy? ii) How does this gap affect the status of the Amazigh language in Moroccan primary schools? To achieve the focal objective and answer the central questions of this paper, first we will analyze the vision of the policymakers at the macro level to enact the full integration of the Amazigh language in Moroccan schools. Second, to tackle the implementation part of the Amazigh education policy at the micro level, a questionnaire is addressed to Amazigh language teachers at primary schools. The focus of the questionnaire is twofold: a) have a clear image of the situation of Amazigh language at the micro level. b) Derive the challenges that hamper the implementation of the macro level policies at the micro level.
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Sreekanth, K. J., S. Jayaraj, and N. Sudarsan. "LP modelling for micro level domestic energy planning." Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy 11, no. 4 (April 2, 2016): 335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567249.2011.626013.

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Morhachov, I. V., and I. I. Ovcharenko. "Improving the Micro-Level Financial Planning through Complementary Targeting." Business Inform 5, no. 520 (2021): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-5-365-370.

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The article concretizes dominance of targeting as a phenomenon for keeping inflation at the macro-level, and to improve advertising activities at the micro level. The success of the relevant instrument in anti-inflation and advertising policies actualizes the possibility of targeting key financial indicators of the organization that are important for its owners and financial administration, but are often overlooked on the part of its managers. The article closer defines the theoretical provisions for improving financial planning at the micro level by introducing complimentary targeting in the activities of commercial organizations. An algorithm and a key indicator are proposed, which be the «target» of the corresponding targeting. As such an indicator, the profitability of assets is substantiated, the target value of which in quantitative parameters should exceed the price of using bank loans. It is determined that in modern conditions with regard to commercial organizations in Ukraine, the profitability of assets should be equal to or exceeding 30%. Appropriate targeting at the micro-level is substantiated as a tool for smoothing and harmonization of contradictions between owners of large-scale commercial organizations and their managers of both the medium and the senior level. Ignoring the rule of necessity of exceeding the profitability of assets over bank loan rates is identified in the activities of a number of public joint stock companies that are leaders in terms of tax payments in Ukraine. In addition, the prevalence of the practice of using bank loans by relevant public joint stock companies, even with a «strong» balance sheet and a high level of liquidity and solvency, is specified. The dominance of the use of bank loans in the activities of leading industrial enterprises in the country instead of issuing their own bonds in the absence of exceeding the profitability of the assets of these enterprises over the price of bank loans indicates the underdevelopment of the domestic stock market and further increases the level of relevance of the targeting of the asset profitability indicator.
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Studer, Patrick, Felicia Kreiselmaier, and Mi-Cha Flubacher. "Language planning in the European Union: A micro-level perspective." European Journal of Language Policy 2, no. 2 (January 2010): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ejlp.2010.15.

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Datta, S., and R. Bandyopadhya. "An application of O.R. in micro-level planning in India." Computers & Operations Research 20, no. 2 (February 1993): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0548(93)90068-t.

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SATIA, JK, DV MAVALANKAR, and BHARATI SHARMA. "Micro-level planning using rapid assessment for primary health care services." Health Policy and Planning 9, no. 3 (1994): 318–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapol/9.3.318.

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Singh, Pramod K., and Harpalsinh Chudasama. "Geo-information-enabled village level micro-planning for enhancing common good." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 189 (April 2023): 122336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122336.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Micro level planning"

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Banerji, Shiben. "The arbiter state : governance of the minority at the micro-level." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37463.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-68).
This thesis examines the governance of the minority at the micro-level in late colonial India. While the colonial production of micro-level state authority was inescapably conditioned by numerous political struggles between colonial subjects, the centrality of the minority in this story of state formation and citizen making is missing from most conventional descriptions of colonial governmental rationality. This study argues that the specifically colonial formulation of the minority as a figure to be both protected and inserted on to the path to modern citizenship shaped the regulation of customary modes of charity and inheritance as well as the regulation of local government power itself. Indeed, the dual commitment to protecting and modernizing of the minority constituted the micro-level state as arbiter: absolute in its judgment in cases of conflict between subjects, even though this authority was predicated on the principles of non-interference and deliberation.
by Shiben Banerji.
M.C.P.
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Valenta, Jay 1969. "Micro-level return and volatility drivers in Boston's single family home market." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29771.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2003.
"September 2003."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 29-30).
Developers and investors commonly target neighborhoods close to the urban core and with low median incomes as potential growth markets. Investments in these areas however are often perceived by private sector capital as being high risk and low return. An understanding of the predictors of investment volatility and return is critical to investors and homeowners who wish to maximize investment returns and portfolio growth. Moreover, for mortgage lenders who are obligated to invest in a wide spectrum of communities, volatilities in house prices may affect the distribution of their collateral values, the probability of default, and the profitability of lending in certain areas. This paper addresses the following questions: Does appreciation return and volatility in metropolitan house prices vary significantly among zip code areas? Can the variation in appreciation return and volatility among these areas be explained by additional data? This paper uses appreciation and volatility statistics calculated from a repeat sale index of house prices in metropolitan Boston compiled biannually by Case Schiller Weiss (CSW) as well as data gathered from the 2000 U.S. Census and the 1997 Economic Census.
by Jay Valenta.
S.M.
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Murdaya, Karuna. "The pros and cons of corruption of firm performance : a micro-level study of businesses in Indonesia." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33046.

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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 115-122).
Over the past 10 years, different international organization and NGO's have given birth to a whole host of different anti corruption programs in response to the recent "endemic" of corruption which is seen to plague developing countries in the world today. Behind the formation of these new programs is a clear international consensus that corruption, though not a new phenomenon, is one of the main reasons for economic stagnation in much of the developing world. The reasons for this "sudden" realization among the development community are both empirical and political. Empirically, new quantitative studies on corruption have shown that corruption is negatively correlated with GDP growth, foreign direct investment, human development, and the list goes on. Conversely, more corruption, according to some anti corruption actors, kills babies. In light of the main stream literature, this paper seeks to examines the connection between corruption and firm performance in Indonesia, a country which by most accounts is historically one of the most corrupt in Asia, yet has sustained one of highest long term GDP growth rates in the world for almost 30 years. This paper assumes that, rather than being what the World Bank calls a "cancer on development", this paper argues that corruption is a cultural manifestation, which underlies the business processes involved in economic development. Corruption may be damaging or helpful for development, though any outcome is context specific. By analyzing more closely the current and historical dynamics between state and private agents, this paper explains how corruption, long term economic development and efficient business practices are not mutually exclusive.
by Karuna Murdaya.
M.C.P.
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Lewis, Roger Brian. "A criterion referenced analysis and evaluation of the processes involved in formulating a Māori language regeneration strategy for Whakamārama marae." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2303.

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The quality of the processes involved in language regeneration strategy formation is critical to the creation of an effective language regeneration strategy and this, in turn, is critical to the achievement of successful language regeneration outcomes. The overall aim of this research project was to evaluate, using a range of effectiveness criteria, the processes involved in the creation of a marae-based te reo Māori regeneration strategy in the hope that others involved in similar projects in the future would benefit and in the hope that the Whakamārama whānau will themselves derive benefit from it in reviewing what has already been achieved. In Chapter 1, the background to the research project and its rationale are outlined and the research questions and research methods are introduced. Chapter 2 provides a critical review of selected literature in the area of strategic planning aspects of language regeneration and relevant aspects of mātauranga Māori. Using an ethnographic approach, the processes and immediate outcomes (in terms of a survey report and a regeneration plan for Whakamārama marae) of the language regeneration project are outlined in Chapter 3. In Chapter 4, effectiveness criteria are derived on the basis of the literature review in Chapter 2. These include criteria relating to leadership, participation, Kaupapa Māori values, environmental analysis and outcomes. The criteria are then applied to the analysis and evaluation of the processes and outcomes outlined in Chapter 3 in order to identify their strengths and weaknesses. The overall conclusion is that Whakamārama's language regeneration activities to date can be regarded as successful in many ways, including the fact that they have resulted in the production of high quality documentation that is widely appreciated by the whānau in the form of a maraebased language survey and a marae-based te reo Māori regeneration plan. Working voluntarily and often under difficult circumstances, core group members demonstrated that they possessed the essential characteristics of commitment, motivation and determination, in addition to the willingness and ability to use existing skills and knowledge effectively and to develop further skills and knowledge as the project proceeded. Perhaps most important, they developed a caring and effective working culture. However, the weaknesses of the project included a lack of preparation and planning prior to the commencement of the project which resulted in a build up of work at a number of stages. This, in turn, lead to delays in producing outcomes and some loss of momentum. It also led, indirectly, to the views of two or three members of the core group being overrepresented in the reo plan goals. The information and analysis provided here have relevance to any language community involved in micro-level language regeneration activities of a similar type. It is hoped therefore that this thesis may help others to not only avoid the problems experienced by the Whakamārama whānau but also to benefit from their successes.
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Eisman, Elyktra. "GIS-integrated mathematical modeling of social phenomena at macro- and micro- levels—a multivariate geographically-weighted regression model for identifying locations vulnerable to hosting terrorist safe-houses: France as case study." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2261.

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Adaptability and invisibility are hallmarks of modern terrorism, and keeping pace with its dynamic nature presents a serious challenge for societies throughout the world. Innovations in computer science have incorporated applied mathematics to develop a wide array of predictive models to support the variety of approaches to counterterrorism. Predictive models are usually designed to forecast the location of attacks. Although this may protect individual structures or locations, it does not reduce the threat—it merely changes the target. While predictive models dedicated to events or social relationships receive much attention where the mathematical and social science communities intersect, models dedicated to terrorist locations such as safe-houses (rather than their targets or training sites) are rare and possibly nonexistent. At the time of this research, there were no publically available models designed to predict locations where violent extremists are likely to reside. This research uses France as a case study to present a complex systems model that incorporates multiple quantitative, qualitative and geospatial variables that differ in terms of scale, weight, and type. Though many of these variables are recognized by specialists in security studies, there remains controversy with respect to their relative importance, degree of interaction, and interdependence. Additionally, some of the variables proposed in this research are not generally recognized as drivers, yet they warrant examination based on their potential role within a complex system. This research tested multiple regression models and determined that geographically-weighted regression analysis produced the most accurate result to accommodate non-stationary coefficient behavior, demonstrating that geographic variables are critical to understanding and predicting the phenomenon of terrorism. This dissertation presents a flexible prototypical model that can be refined and applied to other regions to inform stakeholders such as policy-makers and law enforcement in their efforts to improve national security and enhance quality-of-life.
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Senate, University of Arizona Faculty. "Faculty Senate Minutes January 22, 2018." University of Arizona Faculty Senate (Tucson, AZ), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626508.

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Rizvi, Firdaus Fatima. "Micro level planning for sustainable water resource management: A case study of Phulpur Tehsil in Allahabad District." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2009/4605.

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Arora, Rajneesh. "A systems approach to integrated rural energy planning at micro-level for a tribal village in Chhotanagpur." Thesis, 1989. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/3173.

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Ekanayake, S. A. B. "Micro level planning, economic performance and human capital : a study of the settler farmers in Mahaweli Project in Sri Lanka." Phd thesis, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142906.

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Du, Plessis Lynette Erika. "The implementation of outcomes-based education in the Eastern Cape - a management perspective at micro level." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1529.

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The research focuses on the implementation of Outcomes-based Education (OBE) from a management perspective, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. This being a largely rural province, teachers are often un- or underqualified and in-service training for curriculum implementation is constrained by logistical problems such as vast distances, lack of physical facilities and resources and language barriers. In spite of extensive socio-political changes since 1994, these barriers remain. A thorough study of the literature provides an understanding of the foundations of OBE in the light of a need for relevant education in a democratic South Africa. The purpose, forms, characteristics and key elements of an outcomes-based approach are described, as well as the role of the teacher in curriculum implementation. OBE is a futuristic education approach embodying a radical shift from the traditional content-based approach followed in the previous education dispensation. The initial curriculum aimed at realising the new OBE approach, was known as Curriculum 2005 and is described according to its key elements. Thereafter, the debate surrounding Curriculum 2005 and the problems associated with its implementation are identified. The Revised National Curriculum Statement, produced after the review of Curriculum 2005, is outlined and the roles of the teacher, principal and district officials in terms of the new curricula are then dealt with. Attention is then given to the roles of district officials, principals and teachers in managing the curriculum since all three role players have crucial roles to play at district, school and classroom levels. This theoretical discussion provides the framework for the qualitative study in determining the perceptions of these role players in the implementation of OBE in the Eastern Cape. Data was collected by means of individual and focus group interviews with a small sample of district officials, principals and teachers, selected through a combination of judgement and convenience sampling. An examination of documents was also carried out. The findings suggest factors that encouraged or hampered the implementation of OBE at district, school and classroom levels. Finally, based on the findings of both the literature and empirical studies, recommendations were provided for the improvement of OBE implementation in the Eastern Cape.
Education Management
D.Ed. (Education Management)
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Books on the topic "Micro level planning"

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Aram, M. Micro planning at village level. New Delhi: National Institute of Educational Planning and Administration, 1989.

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Overseas Projects & Services Ltd. Trainer's training manual on micro level planning. Bhubaneswar: NR Management Consultants on behalf of Orissa Tribal Empowerment and Livelihoods Programme, Programme Support Unit, 2009.

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Thaha, Mumtaz. Status of micro level planning in India. Delhi: Daya Pub. House, 1993.

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Budhraja, J. C. Micro level development planning: Rural growth-centre strategy. Delhi, India: Commonwealth Publishers, 1987.

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Gusain, P. P. S. Micro-level energy planning: A case study of Orissa. New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications in association with Vikas Pub. House, 1991.

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The trodden path: Essays on regional and micro-level planning. New Delhi: Anamaya Publishers, 2004.

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Mellor, Warren. Micro-level educational planning and management: Case studies from India. Thailand: Bangkok, 1987.

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Kumar, P. K. Suresh. Micro-level planning for sustainable land and water management: Bharathamala-Vattakkotta Watershed. Thiruvananthapuram: Kerala Research Programme on Local Level Development, Centre for Development Studies, 2002.

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H, Qureshi M. A geo-economic evaluation for micro level planning: A case study of Gurgaon District. New Delhi: Centre for the Study of Regional Development, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, and Concept Pub. Co., 1985.

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Ashok, Mathur, ed. A geo-economic evaluation for micro level planning: A case study of Gurgaon District. New Delhi: Centre for the Study of Regional Development, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, and Concept Pub. Co., 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Micro level planning"

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Chríost, Diarmait Mac Giolla. "Micro-level Language Planning in Ireland." In Language Planning and Policy: Language Planning in Local Contexts, edited by Anthony J. Liddicoat and Richard B. Baldauf Jr, 75–94. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781847690647-006.

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Sreenivasan, G., and Y. V. N. Krishna Murthy. "Remote Sensing and GIS Applications in Micro Level Planning." In Geotechnologies and the Environment, 603–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78711-4_29.

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Gajalakshmi, K., V. Anantharama, and M. R. Anala. "Village Mapping for Micro-level Planning Using UAV Technology." In Transactions on Computer Systems and Networks, 227–41. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5056-0_12.

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Kjærgaard, Anne. "The Danish Plain Language Ideology — from a Macro- and Micro-Level Perspective." In Language Planning and Microlinguistics, 150–62. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137361240_8.

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Ramachandran, Balakumaran, and Srinivasa Raju Kolanuvada. "Micro Level Hydrological Planning and Assessment of Tank Irrigation System." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 279–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37393-1_24.

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Wagner, Melanie. "German in Secondary Schools in Luxembourg: the Implementation of Macro-Level Language Policies on the Micro Level of the Luxembourgish German-Language Classroom." In Language Planning and Microlinguistics, 62–82. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137361240_4.

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Diver, Laura Carmel. "The Role of Meso- and Micro-Level Language Policy in the Revitalization of Occitan in France." In Language Planning and Microlinguistics, 204–24. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137361240_11.

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Kumar, Dilip, R. B. Singh, and Ranjeet Kaur. "SDG 15: Case Study – Land-Use Modelling for Micro (Block)-Level Planning." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 129–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58039-5_9.

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Ensari, Elif, José Beirão, and Mine Özkar. "Street Voids: Analyzing Street-Level Walkability Based on 3D Morphology and Remotely Accessible Urban Data." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 236–52. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37189-9_16.

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AbstractUrban planning and design approaches that aim to leverage walking as a sustainable means of transportation require a thorough understanding of the built environment. Information regarding density, diversity, accessibility, and attractiveness of streets is critical to assess walkability, yet it is also resource-intensive to acquire through traditional methods. We present a computational analysis method that captures and aggregates information on walkability indicators encapsulated in the 3d morphology, street-view imagery, and POI data of streets, using a 3d component called the Street Void [1]. This component builds on the Convex and Solid-Void models [2] which are 3d representations of open-urban spaces informed by the interrelationships between topography, surrounding buildings and other immediate physical boundaries, and facilitates the quantitative evaluation of walkability attributes. The method is unique in that it allows for the walkability evaluation of urban open spaces in the micro level, with a semi-automated algorithm and utilizing remotely accessible urban data. We present the implementation of this analysis on four neighborhoods of Istanbul and Lisbon, demonstrating insight drawn from its quantitative output. The research interconnects knowledge in the domains of computational design, behavioral psychology, urban management, and planning; with the contribution of a novel quantitative analysis of streets to inform urban decision-making processes.
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Niu, Shuanghong Jenny, Xiaoqing Li, and Jiutong Luo. "Multiple Users’ Experiences of an AI-Aided Educational Platform for Teaching and Learning." In AI in Learning: Designing the Future, 215–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09687-7_13.

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AbstractThis chapter aims to provide a better understanding of how AI technology can be used to assist in teaching and learning at schools. The Smart Learning Partner (SLP) educational platform is based on AI technology to provide new possibilities for individualized learning and more educational resources. We used a case study approach to investigate how this AI-aided SLP platform helped to assist in teaching and learning from the multiple users’ perspectives of students, teachers, and the principal at a Chinese school. This chapter starts with a description of AI used in education and learning. The AI-aided SLP educational platform is then presented to illustrate in what ways it works to assist in teaching and learning. Based on the users’ self-reported experience, this platform can support students’ learning by providing students with individualized diagnostic feedback and assessments as well as information about the progress of their learning. In addition, students receive recommendations of micro lectures from the platform to aid improvement based on the students’ assessment results. Additionally, students can also access various micro lectures according to their interests. This platform provides teachers with reports of real-time learning situations and progress at the individual or class level. Accordingly, teachers can better adjust their pedagogical decision and teaching according to the students’ needs. The principal used the information to allocate resources and assist in curriculum planning at school. In conclusion, all users positively stated that this AI-aided SLP platform assisted in teaching and learning at school even though there were still certain challenges. At the end of the chapter, recommendations for the future platform design are offered.
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Conference papers on the topic "Micro level planning"

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Akopyan, V. F., and S. A. Otradin. "SETTING OF STUDY OF DIRECTED HYDRAULIC FRACTURING OF SOIL AT MICRO-LEVEL." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.65-67.

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The article discusses the planning of methods for studying hydraulic fracturing of the soil at the micro level. The paper used a comprehensive approach to studying the identified issue, including an analysis of modern scientific research and the current regulatory and technical. A schematic diagram of the test equipment and the procedure for performing the work are presented.
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Pushkareva, Irina Sergeevna. "Urban green building: a modern view." In III All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation "Science, technology, society: Environmental engineering for sustainable development of territories". Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/nto.3.2022.6.354-365.

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This article proposes for comparison different concepts of approaches to urban planning: the experience of domestic urban planning in the form of a natural frame and a system of green areas is studied, the experience of foreign researchers is studied on the example of green and landscape infrastructure, productive landscapes and landscape urbanism. For comparison, three levels of perception of the territory are singled out: the macro-level (highest level), the meso-level and the micro-level (lowest level). The levels of large and small scale showed the difference in the approaches of domestic and foreign researchers. The experience of foreign researchers is based on the search for local solutions to environmental and urban problems. Domestic experience has a lot of knowledge in the organization of complex structures that link the city and nature around it. Urban green building trends are to find a balance on all three levels.
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Major, Mark David, Heba O. Tannous, Sarah Al-Thani, Mahnoor Hasan, Adiba Khan, and Adele Salaheldin. "Macro and micro scale modelling of multi-modal transportation spatial networks in the city-state of Doha, Qatar." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/piqu7255.

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Researchers and practitioners have been modeling the street networks of metropolitan and geographical regions using space syntax or configurational analysis since the late 1990s and early 2000s. Some models even extend to a national scale. A few examples include the island of Great Britain, within the national boundaries of England, over half of the Combined Statistical Area of Metropolitan Chicago and the entirety of Chatham County, Georgia and the City of Savannah in the USA, and the Chiang-rai Special Economic Zone in northern Thailand bordering Myanmar and Laos. Researchers at Qatar University constructed a space syntax model of Metropolitan Doha in 2018. It covered a land area of 650 km2 , encompassing over 24,000 streets, and approximately eighty-five percent (~85%) of the total population (~2.8 million) in Qatar. In a short time, this model led to a deeper understanding of spatial structure at the metropolitan and neighborhood level in Doha compared to other cities of the world, especially in the Gulf Cooperation Council region. The paper presents the initial results of expanding this model to the State of Qatar, which provides ideal conditions for this type of large-scale modeling using space syntax. It occupies the Qatari Peninsula on the Arabian Peninsula adjacent to the Arabian/Persian Gulf, offering natural boundaries on three sides. Qatar also shares only a single border with another country to the southwest, which Saudi Arabia closed due to the current diplomatic blockade. The expanded model includes all settlements and outlying regions such as Al Ruwais and Fuwayriţ in the far north, Al Khor and the Industrial City of Ras Laffan in the northeast, and Durkan and Zekreet in the west. Space syntax is serving as the analytical basis for research into the effect of the newly opened rail transportation systems on Doha's urban street network. Researchers are also utilizing space syntax to study micro-scale spatial networks for pedestrians in Souq Waqif, Souq Wakra, and other Doha neighborhoods. The paper gives a brief overview of this research's current state with an emphasis on urban studies.
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Kmiec, Mateusz, Michał Antoszkiewicz, Paweł Szewczuk, Marek Szkodo, and Robert Jankowski. "Planning, Configuration and Usefulness of Microseismic Monitoring on Eastern-Europe Platform – Example from East Pomerania." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.028.

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The microseismic monitoring is a method of monitoring of fracture propagation during hydraulic fracturing process. The method uses array of geophones to localize micro tremors induced by liquid pumped underground at high rate and pressure. The acquired information helps to optimize fracturing process and prevents fracture growth to aquifer levels. It was proved to be useful on several unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in the USA. Conducted investigation was aimed at evaluation of the possibility of using the technology on Polish unconventional reservoirs. In order to stand better chances of success the analysis of several variants of monitoring was made. East Pomerania geological structure was compared to similar structures in the USA. With this knowledge, financially feasible configuration was selected. The array of geophones was dispatched around the drilling site and data acquisition was performed. The present paper is mainly focus on geological structure, hardware selection, damping factor and noise level analysis. The usefulness of used receiver configuration is also assessed.
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Liao, Chao-Yaug, Chien-Min Kao, and Po-Kai Chen. "Major-Axis Planning Method for Fabrication of High Aspect Ratio Structure Based on Two-Photon Photopolymerization Technology." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85007.

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The smallest forming unit in two-photon photopolymerization (TPP) micro-manufacturing technology is the voxel, the appearance of which resembles a spheroid. Traditional TPP micro-manufacturing is planned using the minor-axis dimension of a spheroid, which is smaller than its major-axis, thus, the spatial resolution can achieve submicron level. TPP can be used to manufacture microstructures with complex shapes. However, such fine spatial resolution inevitably lowers the overall manufacturing speed. For a microstructure with a height of hundred micrometers, the prolonged manufacturing time substantially increases the risk of manufacturing failure. Whereas typical methods use the minor-axis dimension for manufacturing planning, this study developed a novel major-axis planning (MAP) method that uses the longest dimension of the voxel. In this study, the MAP was realized in a 4-axis micro-manufacturing system (i.e., a rotation axis was added to the 3-axis motion stage). Specifically, a specially designed L-type glass substrate was first placed on the rotation axis and was rotated 90°, rendering the working plane parallel to laser beams. Subsequently, horizontal laser scanning was performed, during which the laser focus moved from the working plane horizontally, to polymerize a high-aspect-ratio structure. The commercial polymer OrmoComp was used with the MAP; only 10 s was required to fabricate a microstructure that had a height of 100 μm and an aspect ratio of 17. This study verified that TPP micro-manufacturing on a voxel’s major axis can fabricate microstructures. Moreover, the L-type glass substrate can be controlled programmably to rotate an L-type glass substrate for 4-axis TPP micro-manufacturing in the future.
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Echave, Javier, and Jami J. Shah. "Automatic Set-up and Fixture Planning for 3-Axis Milling." In ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc99/dac-8571.

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Abstract This paper presents a pragmatic approach for automating set-up and fixture planning for 3-axis machining on CNC machines. Although the larger project encompasses automation and integration of all aspects of machining feature recognition, tolerance charting, high level (macro) planning, and detailed (micro) planning, this paper focuses only on set-up and fixture planning. Only standard modular fixtures are considered (tooling plates, rest pads, pin locators, strap clamps, and vises). In set-up planning we consider not only similar tool approach directions and processes for feature grouping, but also spatial constraints in machines, tools and fixtures. The approach presented here for fixture planning combines elements of both geometric reasoning and feature-based approaches. Set-ups are automatically planned based on the volumes to be removed in each workpiece orientation and the instantaneous state of the stock is tracked at the different stages of the proposed plan. Also verification techniques use feature information to estimate possible collisions between fixtures and volumes to be removed. The fixture planning algorithm is based on both the 3-2-1 locating principle and Vise clamping methods. The overall system architecture is modular, allowing the possibility of selective use of the modules by other developers of CAPP systems. The process planning system exploits the capabilities of commercial toolkits for geometric modeling (ACIS) and NC toolpath generation (STRATA).
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Luan, Xiaoying, and Yi Zhang. "A study on the mode of public participation in Chinese urban design under the concept of multi-body participation. Community building oriented with multi-age participation." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/gxie2200.

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With the society and economy of China entering the transition period, people's requirements for urban life show a trend of diversification and high standards. Urban design is no longer limited to physical space but starts to carry out multi-angle and multi-level comprehensive consideration on the social and spatial problems of symbiosis. In this context, the innovative social governance and the quality improvement of urban public space that highlights the role of the public have become hot topics. As the main body of city users, ordinary people entering into the deep and substantial participation from the superficial and symbolic is the only way for urban design to transform from the expert-led "optimal scheme" to the "reasonable scheme" recognized by pluralistic bodies. In the process of western democratic politics, the participation theory that focuses on the construction of micro democracy is prevalent, and the public participation based on pluralism has become the theoretical basis for the planning participation. Besides, the concept of communicative planning and collaborative planning, which emphasize cooperation and consultation, also enriches the connotation of multiple participation. Due to different systems and awareness, it is difficult to promote public participation under China's national conditions. Community building, the interdisciplinary product of urban design and social governance under communities, is regarded as the experimental field for participating in the reform. Therefore, under the current administrative system and regulations, this paper tries to make use of the grass-roots management mode with Chinese characteristics to establish an inclusive multi-participation mechanism. It allows residents of different ages can go deep into the process of community building by taking the family unit. Meanwhile, some suggestions and strategies are raised for effective participation. We hope the bottom-up process of urban design in microscale can be an effective instrument to reflect the public's will and repair social relations at the same time, while explore and solve urban problems in diverse cooperation.
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Mao, Huachao, Yuen-Shan Leung, Yuanrui Li, Pan Hu, Wei Wu, and Yong Chen. "Multi-Scale Stereolithography Using Shaped Beams." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-3031.

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Current Stereolithography (SL) can fabricate three-dimensional (3D) objects in a single scale level, e.g. printing macro-scale or micro-scale objects. However, it is difficult for the SL printers to fabricate a 3D macro-scale object with micro-scale features. In the paper a novel SL-based multi-scale fabrication method is presented to address such a problem. The developed SL process can fabricate multi-scale features by dynamically changing the shape and size of a laser beam. Different shaped beams are realized by switching apertures with different micro-patterns. The laser beam without using any micro-patterns is used to fabricate the macro-scale features, while the shaped laser beams with smaller sizes are used to fabricate micro-patterned features. Accordingly, the tool path planning method for the multi-scale fabrication process are developed so that macro-scale and micro-scale features can be built by using different layer thicknesses, laser exposure time, and scanning paths. Compared with the conventional SL process based on a fixed laser beam size, our process can fabricate multi-scale features in a 3D object. It also has fast fabrication speed and good surface quality.
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Psenner, Angelika, and Klaus Kodydek. "Researching the morphology of the city’s internal micro structure: UPM Urban Parterre Modelling." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5115.

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As conventional cadastral maps only show building perimeters, they contain no information about the city’s internal structure—about the complex interplay of architecture and its socio-economical use. Thus urban planning seems to spare little thought for what really takes place inside the buildings lining a street, although we perfectly know that the potentials of ground floor use and the structure of the correlating public street space are directly related. The Urban Parterre Modelling UPM-method refers to the city’s “parterre” as a holistic urban system: it covers both built-up and non-built-up areas. Thus street, ground floor and courtyard are treated as entity, so that their interrelations can come to light. Technically the method represents the merging of a common 3D-city-model and a Comprehensive Ground Plan Survey CGPS—a researching technique used in the 1960s until the 1990s (mostly in Italy and Switzerland). This new urban research method has been developed and tested in a pilot study by means of an in depth exploration of an exemplary historical street in Vienna. In September 2015 a new four years research program was financed by the Austrian Science Fund (Austria's central funding organization for basic research, FWF) and launched at the Department of Urban Design at Vienna University of Technology. Within this operational framework a variety of different street-level environments in Vienna are being examined. Given this perspective the paper is therefore addressing the following issues: How was the Viennese ground level originally used? Which urban functions were located there? What are the (historical) interrelations between public space and the life inside buildings? How does this micro system influence urban life and especially pedestrian behaviour?References: CANIGGIA, G. (1986): “Lettura di Firenze – Strukturanalyse der Stadt Florenz”. In Malfroy/ Caniggia: Die morphologische Betrachtungsweise von Stadt und Territorium. Zürich: ETH, Lehrstuhl f. Städtebaugesch. MALFROY, S. (1986): „Die morphologische Betrachtungsweise von Stadt und Territorium“. Zürich : ETH, Lehrstuhl f. Städtebaugeschichte MURATORI, S. (1960): Studi per un operante storia urbana di Venezia. Roma: Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato PETERS, M. (1990): „Stadtgrundriss als Arbeitsinstrument: dem Mittelalter auf der Spur“. In: Hochparterre 1990/4, 30-31 (http://dx.doi.org/10.5169/seals-119191) accessed 23.10.2017 PETERS, M. (1999b): „Elektronische Erfassung eines Industriequartiers: zusammenhängende Grundrissaufnahme in Zürich, ein Experiment“. In: Schweizer Ingenieur und Architekt, Vol.117, 779-784. RUEGG, A. (ed.) (1975): Materialien zur Studie Bern. 4. Jahreskurs 1974/75. Zurich: ETH/Schnebli/Hofer
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Liu, Yadong, and Paul Sheng. "X-Ray Fabrication of Repetitive Structures." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0246.

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Abstract The fabrication of repetitive mechanical structures in millimeter range by deep x-ray micromachining is reported in this paper. With higher energy and wider x-ray beam lines available, macro-sized mechanical structures with micro-level features can be fabricated by the modified LIGA process to meet the need on high aspect ratio, high precision components in advanced applications. Through metrology study, better understanding of the process characteristics is achieved to provide important information on error modes in pattern transfer, which could be ultimately used in product design and process planning. Case studies of a rectangular HESSI grid structure and involute gear teeth are presented.
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Reports on the topic "Micro level planning"

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Iyer, Ananth V., Konstantina Gkritza, Steven R. Dunlop, Dutt J. Thakkar, Raul Candanedo, Srinath Jayan, Pooja Gupta, et al. Last Mile Delivery and Route Planning for Freight. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317315.

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This report analyzes anticipated list mile challenges in Indiana by using a scenario-based approach to develop forecasts of GDP growth and thus freight growth across industry clusters in Indiana counties; potential congestion implied by this growth; and a proactive plan to add capacity to alleviate the congestion. We use a quantitative approach to aggregate ramp level flows, industry cluster locations, county layout, and economic activity to develop our recommendations. We develop forecasts through the year 2050 based on long-term planning approaches used by other states (California, Ohio, and Utah). We use data from global databases that consider different possible geo-political scenarios and regulatory choices to scale it down to county-level impact. At the same time, we track industry cluster locations within each county, ramps from interstates, and distances to travel within the counties to reach freight destinations. The result is a report that combines macro trends with micro detail to develop potential capacity bottlenecks.
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Iyer, Ananth V., Konstantina Gkritza, Steven R. Dunlop, Dutt J. Thakkar, Raul Candanedo, Srinath Jayan, Pooja Gupta, et al. Last Mile Delivery and Route Planning for Freight. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317315.

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This report analyzes anticipated list mile challenges in Indiana by using a scenario-based approach to develop forecasts of GDP growth and thus freight growth across industry clusters in Indiana counties; potential congestion implied by this growth; and a proactive plan to add capacity to alleviate the congestion. We use a quantitative approach to aggregate ramp level flows, industry cluster locations, county layout, and economic activity to develop our recommendations. We develop forecasts through the year 2050 based on long-term planning approaches used by other states (California, Ohio, and Utah). We use data from global databases that consider different possible geo-political scenarios and regulatory choices to scale it down to county-level impact. At the same time, we track industry cluster locations within each county, ramps from interstates, and distances to travel within the counties to reach freight destinations. The result is a report that combines macro trends with micro detail to develop potential capacity bottlenecks.
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Verma, Rajat, Hao Luo, Saloni Deodhar, Eunhan Ka, Ricardo Chahine, Pallavi Natu, Harshit Malhotra, et al. Forecasting Shifts in Hoosiers’ Travel Demand and Behavior. Purdue University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317685.

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The changing landscape of transportation technology and traveler behavior, accelerated by recent events like COVID-19, has led to significant shifts in travel demand and vehicle miles traveled in Indiana. This study seeks to understand the long-term implications of these changes and their potential impact on passenger, freight, and micro-mobility movements across the state. To achieve this objective, this project focused on forecasting future transportation demand conditions and carrying out long-range scenario planning by accomplishing four tasks: forecasting travel demand shifts based on location-based data, evaluating medium-term inter- and intra-urban transportation demand shifts, forecasting county-level industry shifts using scenario-based growth models, and providing recommendations and guidance to the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) based on the study results. Results offer improved planning for infrastructure investments and operations, the incorporation of emerging technologies into transportation planning processes, and an enhanced understanding of passenger and freight movements at the statewide and regional levels. Deliverables from this study include valuable tools and models that can help INDOT navigate potential transportation system changes and accommodate the evolving needs of the future.
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Some complex approaches to training micro-cycles formation among cadetsweightlifters taking into account biotypes. Ilyas N. Ibragimov, Zinaida M. Kuznetsova, Ilsiyar Sh. Mutaeva, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-1-39-46.

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Training cadets-weightlifters at all stages has a multipurpose orientation, that is why it is important to define and plan a rational combination of the training means use. Distribution of such micro structures in the cycle of training, as the days, months of training, provides effective volume, intensity and other values of physical load distribution. The structure of training cadets-weightlifters is based on taking into account the regularities and principles of sports training as the condition for physical readiness and working capacity increase. Any power oriented sports demands components characteristics in the structure of micro cycles. We consider the methodology of the training lessons organization by the example of the micro cycle of training taking into account bioenergetic profile of cadets-weightlifters. We revealed the necessity to distribute the macro cycle to structural components as the condition for the effectiveness of different variants of the training effects distribution. Materials and methods. We analyzed the range of training lessons among cadets-weightlifters in order to create the variants of gradual training problems solution according to the kinds of training. We analyzed training programs of cadets taking into consideration the level of readiness and their bioenergetic profiles. We created the content of the training work in the micro cycle of the preparatory period for cadets-weightlifters with different bioenergetic profiles. The main material of the research includes the ratio of the training effects volume in one micro cycle taking into account cadets’ bioenergetic profile. Cadets-weightlifters from Tyumen Higher Military-Engineering Command College (military Institute) took part in the research (Tyumen, Russia). Results. We created the content of the training work by the example of one micro cycle for cadets-weightlifters taking into account bioenergetic profile. The created variant of the training loads structure includes the main means of training taking into account the kind of training. Realization orientation in five regimens of work fulfillment with the effectiveness estimation of a total load within one lesson and a week in general is estimated according to a point system. Conclusion. The created variant of a micro cycle considers kinds of training realization taking into account the percentage of the ratio. Taking into account bioenergetic profiles helps to discuss strong and weak sides of muscle activity energy supply mechanisms. We consider the ability to fulfill a long-term aerobic load among the representatives of the 1st and the 2nd bioenergetic profiles. The representatives of the 3rd and the 4th biotype are inclined to fulfill the mixed load. The representatives of the 5th biotype are characterized by higher degree of anaerobic abilities demonstration. The technology of planning the means taking into account the regimens of work realization with point system helps to increase physical working capacity and rehabilitation processes in cadets’ organisms.
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