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Academic literature on the topic 'Micro-générateurs'
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Journal articles on the topic "Micro-générateurs"
Allard, Bruno, and Jacques Verdier. "Atelier sur la gestion d’énergie autour de micro-générateurs." J3eA 14 (2015): 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/j3ea/2015019.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Micro-générateurs"
Trioux, Emilie. "Micro-générateurs piézoélectriques pour des applications de récupération d'énergie." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT116/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis focuses on the thermal energy harvesting at microscale to propose an alternative to thermoelectric materials. The aim is to conceive, fabricate and characterize a microscopic harvester to take profit of the increase of thermal exchanges and oscillation frequencies with the downscaling. It is based on a double-step transduction: thermo-mecanical one thanks to the thermal buckling of a bilayer plate initially curved, and piezoelectric.Rectangular structures of different sizes composed of AlN and Al have been fabricated and characterized. The transverse curvature of the rectangular plate being to high, optimized structures having a butterfly shape have also been fabricated and characterized
Le, Scornec Julien. "Micro-générateurs aéroélectriques flexibles pour l’auto-alimentation de capteurs communicants." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4039.
Full textThe advent of the Internet of Things has rendered the ambient energy harvesting a major issue for powering communicating microsystems. In this context, this work focuses on the development of a flexible piezoelectric micro-generator able to convert the mechanical energy from low airflows. The objective is to develop autonomous microsystems, or at least to extend their lifespan with energy harvesting. To harvest ambient energy, the flexible micro-generators are made of 3 μm-thick lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films encapsulated between polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. The manufacturing process of the micro-generators has been optimized in order to increase their energy efficiency. Both the optimization of the electrode structure and the geometry of the generator made the maximum harvested power increase by a factor of 625. In this work, to characterize the energy harvesting, the micro-generators were excited with different systems (shaker, traction/compression system and wind tunnel). Thus, wind tunnel tests have shown that it was possible to harvest a power of 38 μW at 10 Hz when the generator was subjected to a low airflow (6 m/s). This generator allowed to power a communicating temperature sensor during several measurement/data transmission cycles
Bel-Hadj, Ibrahim. "Conception de micro-générateurs thermoélectriques planaires intégrant une topologie de thermopile 2.5D." Thesis, Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDENGSYS/2022/2022ULILN005.pdf.
Full textThe tremendous growth of applications related to recent advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) requires the development of new solutions for harvesting/scavenging the environmental energy to power microsystems. The abundance of heat in our environment allows thermal energy harvesting devices to be one of the solutions. In this work, we have developed a family of planar micro-thermoelectric generators (µTEG), integrating a novel 2.5D thermopile topology periodically folded and distributed on multi-membrane, capable of converting heat directly into useful electrical energy. This thermopile, with high integration density, uses thermocouples based on metallic thermoelectric materials (Chromel and Constantan), electrically associated either in series or in parallel, allowing to reduce drastically the internal electrical resistance of these µTEGs to a few tens of Ohms. A 3D thermal modelling in COMSOL Multiphysics® was used to design the optimal dimensions of the modules so they would deliver the maximum output power. The fabrication of these devices is made by low-cost CMOS-compatible processes, using non-polluting, abundant and environmentally friendly materials. Deep reactive ionic etching (DRIE) of Silicon wafers is used to release membranes with adjustable lengths allowing to adapt the thermal resistance of these µTEGs to their environment. The devices realized in IEMN clean room, have been characterized using specific measurement benches developed for this purpose. The harvesting of one Watt of heat leads to thermo-generated electrical powers of a few hundred microwatts. This ranks these new 2.5D µTEGs among the best state-of-the-art µ-modules using metallic thermoelectrics
Huet, Florian. "Développement de structures hybrides électromécaniques pour micro-sources d'énergie : générateurs piézoélectriques linéaires et non linéaires." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAA029/document.
Full textThe implementation of wireless sensor nodes in industrial installations, transport or building is a potential route to increase the performances of these systems.By a proper supervision and exploitation of the collected information (temperature, vibratory level, humidity, etc.) the reliability and the energy performances can be increased. With the regular reduction of the power requirements for new generations of wireless sensors nodes, a strong scientific interest to develop autonomous power supply has raised.In this framework, a specific research topic appeared about ten years ago: ambient energy harvesting.The present work investigates the performances of an original micro-generator architecture for vibration energy harvesting: the “Hybrid Fluid Diaphragm” (HFD).The concept of HFD consists in encapsulating an incompressible fluid between two flexible membranes. The fluid behaves as an inertial mass which leads to a resonant frequency suitable for ambient vibrations whose spectrum is usually lower than a few hundred Hertz.These membranes are made of P(VDF-TrFE), a piezoelectric polymer, and are designed to ensure the optimal conversion of the mechanical solicitations (flexion/stretch) into electrical energy.A multiphysic modeling which integrates the fluid, the mechanical and the electric coupled behaviors is proposed.The realization and the characterization of two HFD's generators are detailed.A first prototype implements single layer piezoelectric membranes, whereas a second one uses optimized double layer membranes.The generated power appears to be sufficient to consider the power supply of wireless sensor nodes operating in intermittent transmitting mode. The very simple geometry of the proposed generators is favorable to their integration in realistic applications
El, Oualid Soufiane. "Contribution à la modélisation et à la caractérisation de générateurs thermoélectriques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0104.
Full textThe Internet of Thing (IoT) is currently being intensively explored in the electronic industry. IoT is an extension of Internet connectivity into physical end everyday-life objects which will be able to communicate and interact with each other’s. Most of these connected objects are powered by batteries that need to be regularly switched or recharged. Faced with a strong announced growth of their number in coming years, the search for novel alternative, autonomous power supplies that convert surrounding available energy into electricity becomes essential. Among energy harvesting technologies, thermoelectricity is advantageous due to its simplicity, reliability, the absence of moving parts and greenhouse gas emissions. All these favorable characteristics make thermoelectric converters possible candidates for powering or recharging batteries of connected objects. In this context, my PhD work was done within the frame of the European project EnSO («Energy for Smart Objects»). Numerical studies with the software Comsol Multiphysics were performed on innovative planar micro-generators developed by the Mahle company, one of the partners of this project. The main objective of this work was to achieve a better understanding of the influence of numerous parameters (geometry, boundary conditions in terms of temperature and flux, electrical and thermal properties of the active materials) on their thermoelectric performances (output power and efficiency). In particular, we have underlined the critical role played by the electrical and thermal contact resistances on the output power. A second part of this study has been devoted to the experimental development of miniaturized thermoelectric generators capable of delivering high output power density through the integration of skutterudite materials. Several brazes have been tested during the assembly operations of the thermoelectric modules. The characterization of the module performances (25-500°C) combined with numerical calculations have been used as a guidance for optimizing the fabrication process. This work culminated in the successful fabrication of a thermoelectric module with a record-breaking power density of 3,3 W/cm2 achieved under a temperature difference of 450 K
Li, Peng. "Formalisme pour la supervision des systèmes hybrides multi-sources de générateurs d'énergie répartie : application à la gestion d'un micro réseau." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00577099.
Full textLi, Peng. "Formalisme pour la supervision des systèmes hybrides multi-sources de générateurs d’énergie répartie : application à la gestion d’un micro réseau." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECLI0006/document.
Full textA microgrid is a promising future network architecture which is coupling the various generators and consumers in a distribution network. This hybrid multi-source system is composed of at least one conventional generation unit and possibly a storage unit and/or a production unit based on renewable energies. Using this structure allows an immediate minimization of the losses by the energy transport, a greater reliability of power delivery and an ability to provide a high power quality energy. In this paper, we study a microgrid based on the use of a micro gas turbine, a photovoltaic array and supercapacitors. All these sources are coupled to the microgrid by power electronic converters and are interconnected to a microgrid central controller. Some local controllers and the microgrid central controller are used for the studied microgrid to achieve its operation optimization. Therefore, the first part of this thesis is devoted to establish a formalism method for a systematic design of local controllers. The second part of this thesis is devoted to the management of all these production and storage units, in order to optimize the microgrid operating. Simulation and testing results validate our design of the microgrid controllers
Simon, Hervé. "Etude et conception de filtres actifs passe-tout large bande en micro-ondes. Applications aux générateurs vectoriels et modulateurs numériques linéaires." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2008.
Full textGrébert, Arnaud. "Simulation numérique aux grandes échelles du contrôle de l'interaction onde de choc/couche limite au moyen de micro-générateurs de vortex." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ESAE0046.
Full textBecause it is ubiquitous in high Mach number internal and external flow of interest in aeronauticalapplications, shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction (SBLI) is characterised by alow-frequency unsteadiness which generates large wall-pressure fluctuations that can occur at theresonant frequency of the structures. This work is devoted to the study of passive flow controldevices such as microramp vortex generators (mVGs) to alleviate these detrimental effects of SBLI.Large-eddy simulations (LES) have been performed based on an experimental configurationby Wang et al. (2012) of a SBLI under the influence of microramps at a Mach number ofM = 2.7 and a Reynolds number of Re× = 3600. The use of microramps has been shown toenable a reorganisation of the recirculation zone by breaking the spanwise homogeneity of theinteraction, yielding to a change of the reflected shock foot back and forth motion along the span.Additional simulations on three new configurations allowed to assess the effectiveness of microrampsin controlling the SBLI by comparing reduced size mVGs with more conventional ones
Rolloff, Otto. "Polarisation de substrat à partir de micro-générateurs distribués pour une gestion de l’énergie pilotée par l’activité dans les technologies FD-SOI." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT081.
Full textWith the exponential growth of the embedded systems and the so-called IoT objects, the need of reducing power consumption for environmental and economic considerations requires better power-saving techniques without compromising circuit performances. However, CMOS transistors are achieving their physical limits in terms of scaling and the opportunities to enhance the integrated circuit will be more on the design side than on the technology side. Thereto, it is noticeable that complex digital circuits spent a significant amount of energy during idle periods and tend to activate much more blocks than needed. This drawback results from the usage of the synchronous paradigm. Asynchronous circuits provide intrinsic and local signals that mitigate the unnecessary block activation in circuits and offers an intrinsic idle mode. Moreover, these signals are usable to locally manage body-bias voltages in Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator (FD-SOI) in order to save power. This thesis proposes a design strategy dedicated to asynchronous circuits exploiting the body-biasing facilities of the FD-SOI technology. Firstly, an analysis of the FD-SOI technology has been made in order to analyze the new degrees of freedom offered to the designers by mainly controlling the transistor threshold voltage (Vth) thanks to body-biasing effect. This latter is indeed able to change the transistor speed and power consumption. Secondly, a body-biasing standard cell based on a level shifter architecture has been designed in order to locally adapt the body-biasing voltage. Thirdly, we proposed a distributed activity-driven strategy easily managing a large number of Body-Biasing Domains (BBDs). Lastly, the aforementioned techniques have been implemented and tested in a chip designed in 28 nm FD-SOI technology from STMicroelectronics