Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Micro-for-Nano'
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Carmo, Cátia Vanessa Saldanha do Carmo. "Micro-and Nano-Technologies for Food Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/58238.
Full textNano- and microtechnology is one of the hottest topics in food science and technology. Current applications of nano- and microtechnology in the food sector includes the processing and formulation of food ingredients into nano- and micro- structures/-sized/-encapsulated or engineered particle additives. These systems have been incorporated in food to improve functionality, enhancing physical properties (i.e. colour, texture), protecting chemical ingredients from degradation (i.e antioxidants, flavour) and biological degradation (i.e. antimicrobials), and increasing bioavailability. Moreover, it has been used for the development of active/intelligent packaging, sensors and for encapsulation of bioactives, flavour and nutrients.(...)
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Berti, Francesca. "New micro-and nano-technologies for biosensor development." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4455.
Full textJiang, Kyle. "Advanced micro and nano fabrications for engineering applications." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7052/.
Full textYan, Jize. "Micro/nano-electro-mechanical resonators for signal processing." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613372.
Full textTang, Ying Kit. "A risk analysis methodology for micro/nano manufacturing." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2012. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/8054/.
Full textSandison, Mairi Elizabeth. "Micro- and nano-electrode arrays for electroanalytical sensing." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1025/.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 183-203). Print version also available. Mode of access : World Wide Web. System requirements : Adobe Acrobat reader required to view PDF document.
Li, Xue. ""Cage" Nano and Micro-particles for Biomedical Applications." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS316/document.
Full textDrug delivery systems are engineered technologies to administer pharmaceutical ingredients to improve their therapeutic effects, aiming at minimizing their side effects by means of targeted delivery and/or controlled release. “Cage” particles recently drew special attention since they could act as “drug containers” which potentially load large amount of drugs, improve their stability and offer the possibilities to co-encapsulate synergetic drugs. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are typical “cage” molecules with a hydrophobic cavity and a hydrophilic outer surface. Taking advantage of the host-guest interactions between β-CD and benzophenone (Bz), CD based nanoparticles (CD-NPs) were the first formulation investigated. CD-NPs of around 100 nm were instantaneously produced by mixing two aqueous solutions of neutral polymers: 1) poly-CD containing β-CDs, and 2) Bz grafted Dex (Dex-Bz). The “green” and facile preparation procedure makes it attractive formulation, whereas its limitation lies on the low drug payloads (~ 5 wt%). In order to improve the drug loading capacity of CDs, porous CD based metal organic frameworks (CD-MOFs) were synthesized, which contain not only CD cavities, but also large pores built up by CDs self-assembly. Lansoprazole (LPZ) was incorporated in CD-MOF microcrystals (~ 6 µm) reaching payloads as high as 23.2 ± 2.1% (wt). Remarkably, each CD cavity was able to host a drug molecule, offering new opportunities for the use of CD-MOFs for drug delivery purposes. However, these particles disassembled in aqueous media, which limits their application for oral and intravenous administration. Surface modification is therefore necessary to improve their stability in water. The drug loaded CD-MOF nanocrystals (~ 650 nm) were successfully embedded in polyacrylic acid (PAA) polymer matrices. The composite microspheres exhibited spherical shapes and sustained drug release over a prolonged period of time (over 48 h). Drug loaded MOF/PAA composite microspheres were not toxic in vitro (cell viability ~ 90%) even at very high concentrations up to 17.5 mg/mL. MOF/PAA composite microspheres constitute an efficient and pharmaceutically acceptable MOF-based carrier for sustained drug release. However, the process of surface modification was complicated and lead to larger particles and reduced drug payloads. Water-stable MOFs are a novel type of hybrid particles, showing a high potential as drug carriers. Iron trimesate MOFs, namely, MIL-100 (Fe) (MIL stands for Material of Institute Lavoisier) was among the first nano-scaled MOFs used for drug delivery. These particles were stable in water but degraded in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) losing their crystallinity and constitutive trimesate linkers. However, it was discovered that they kept their morphology intact. A thorough analysis based on Raman microscopy was carried on to gain insights on both the morphology and chemical composition of individual particles. It was evidenced the formation of a sharp erosion front during particle degradation. Noteworthy, the MOFs did not degrade during drug loading nor surface modification. Co-encapsulation of two synergic antibiotics (amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate) in MIL-100 (Fe) nanoMOFs was achieved following a “green” procedure by soaking nanoMOFs in aqueous solutions of both drugs. Molecular modelling showed that each drug preferentially located in a separate nanoMOF compartment. Surprisingly, nanoMOFs were prone to co-localize with bacteria once internalized in infected macrophages. NanoMOFs acted synergistically with the entrapped drugs to kill intracellular S. aureus, in vitro. These results pave the way towards the design of engineered nanocarriers in which each component synergistically plays a role in fighting the disease. These studies unravel the potential of “cage” particles for efficient drug entrapment and controlled release and open numerous possibilities for applications
Zanchetta, Erika. "Innovative patternable materials for micro- and nano- fabrication." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423686.
Full textL’attività di ricerca del presente lavoro di tesi è stata finalizzata allo sviluppo e all’ottimizzazione di nuovi materiali sol-gel a base di ossidi di TiO2, Al2O3 e ZrO2, organicamente modificati, per diverse applicazioni, sfruttando alcune delle loro caratteristiche peculiari e ottimizzandone le prestazioni. Nella fase iniziale del lavoro particolare attenzione è stata rivolta alla sintesi e all’ingegnerizzazione dei materiali stessi (approccio bottom up). Nella fase successiva i materiali sviluppati sono stati micro- e nano- strutturati mediante tecniche litografiche differenti (approccio top down) al fine di valorizzarne proprietà specifiche a seconda della particolare applicazione finale. La combinazione tra l’approccio top down e quello bottom up è stata dunque la principale strategia adottata al fine di raggiungere gli obiettivi prefissati. Per quanto riguarda l’approccio bottom up, la strategia di sintesi adottata è stata il metodo sol-gel. Infatti, l’utilizzo di precursori organico-inorganici permette di sintetizzare nuovi materiali con proprietà e microstrutture uniche. Utilizzando precursori organicamente modificati, come ad esempio trimetossifenilsilano, glicidossipropiltrimetossisilano, metacrilossipropiltrimtossisilano, è stato possibile infatti ottenere materiali ibridi avanzati le cui componenti, organica e inorganica, sono intimemente mescolate a livello molecolare. Inoltre, in fase di sintesi, possono essere aggiunti precursori tetra funzionali, tra cui Titanio isopropossido, Zirconio butossido, Alluminio-tri-sec-butossido, per: aumentare il grado di reticolazione, poiché partecipano alla formazione del network inorganico, con relativo incremento delle proprietà meccaniche del materiale (resistenza al graffio, all’abrasione, all’attacco con plasma), e conferire particolari caratteristiche al materiale finale, come ad esempio la modulazione dell’indice di rifrazione. I materiali così sintetizzati sono stati quindi direttamente micro- e nano- strutturati mediante tecniche litografiche differenti (fotolitografia, litografia a raggi X e a elettroni, litografia nanoimprint), approccio top down, al fine di ottenere pattern ad elevato indice di rifrazione, maschere per il silicio altamente selettive, dispositivi per ottica adattiva e stampi per micro-iniezione. Uno studio approfondito dell’interazione del materiale con le sorgenti utilizzate nei vari processi litografici ha permesso inoltre di ottimizzare sia la sintesi dei sistemi sol-gel stessi sia i parametri di processo litografico. Quindi, lo sviluppo e l’ottimizzazione contemporanei dei materiali avanzati e dei processi litografici innovativi appena citati hanno permesso di ridurre in termini di costi e tempo l’intero processo di micro- e nano- fabbricazione dei dispositivi finali realizzati, rispetto al processo litografico tradizionale, ottenendo strutture qualitativamente superiori.
Serrà, i. Ramos Albert. "New electrochemical strategies for synthesising micro- and nano- structures." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/399918.
Full textEn aquesta tesi s’estudien i proposen noves estratègies de síntesi de micro- i nano-estructures metàl·liques amb potencials aplicacions en els camps de l’electrònica, catàlisi i alliberament de fàrmacs. El leitmotiv de la tesi serien (a) l’optimització de la preparació de micro-estructures de coure sobre grans àrees superficials, mitjançant la tecnologia EnFACE (Electrochemical nano-Fabrication using Chemistry and Engineering); demostrar, analitzar i generalitzar la viabilitat d’utilitzar (b) microemulsions clàssiques i (c) microemulsions base líquid iònic, com a plantilles toves, per a la síntesi diferents tipus de nano-estructures magnètiques (nanopartícules, compòsits, materials mesoporosos), permetent modular-ne les seves propietats, forma i característiques; i finalment (d) testar l’ús de les nano-estructures mesoporoses com a electro-catalitzadors per l’oxidació d’alcohols o vehicles intel·ligents per a l’alliberament de fàrmacs en medis cel·lulars. La tesi s’estructura en vuit capítols i inclou diverses publicacions en revistes científiques. En el primer capítol s’introdueix breument l’estat de l’art de l’electrodeposició de micro- i nano-materials, així com una breu ressenya històrica i els fonaments imprescindibles per a la comprensió del treball. El capítol 2 introdueix els objectius, mentre que en el capítol 3 es descriuen i detallen les condicions experimentals i equips emprats per a la síntesi, caracterització i aplicació dels materials fabricats. El capítol 4 es focalitza en la micro-fabricació fent una breu introducció a l’estat de l’art, així com discutir i optimitzar l’ús de la tecnologia EnFACE per a la micro-fabricació d’estructures de coure sobre substrats de grans dimensions. El capítol 5 es centra en la discussió i anàlisi de la viabilitat de l’ús de microemulsions clàssiques i base líquid-iònic per a l’electrodeposició amb forma controlada, basada en l’ús de plantilles toves. Finalment, el capítol 6 explora i estableix unes condicions de síntesi de nano-fils mesoporosos de diferents materials (base Co i Pt) per a la preparació d’electro-catalitzadors amb grans àrees superficials i alta activitat catalítica per a l’oxidació d’alcohols així com el seu ús com a vehicles dosificadors de fàrmacs. Finalment, el capítol 7 resumeix les conclusions de la tesi i el 8 presenta un resum en català.
Perre, Emilie. "Nano-structured 3D Electrodes for Li-ion Micro-batteries." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för materialkemi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-119485.
Full textWilliams, Benjamin Heathcote. "Nano- and micro-scale techniques for electrical transport measurements." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:09c73d9f-b68d-4f06-9ffe-cbb29d200809.
Full textOtanocha, Omonigho. "Laser surface micro/nano patterning for improving aerodynamic performance." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/laser-surface-micronano-patterning-for-improving-aerodynamic-performance(f78b8df4-fa5d-4dd8-9d93-88e1068c5857).html.
Full textBadami, Muhammad Ali. "Design of a FEEP Thruster for Micro-/Nano-Satellites." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75615.
Full textWETTERBORG, MALIN. "Micro and nano sized textile topography for improved water repellence." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-18006.
Full textProgram: Textilingenjörsutbildningen
Iyengar, Ananth Shalvapulle. "Synthesis and characterization of micro/nano material for thermoelectric applications." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1276182370.
Full textYan, Huan. "MICRO- AND NANO-MATERIALS FOR DRUG DELIVERY AND BIOIMAGING APPLICATIONS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1428155172.
Full textHung, Ming-Tsung. "Heat transport in polymer thin films for micro/nano-manufacturing." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459914931&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textWang, Chenguang. "Nano and micro structured transparent conductors for organic photovoltaic applications." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2018. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.738327.
Full textGiacomazzo, Sujatha. "Integrated Micro and Nano Systems for Photonic Detection in Liquids." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425703.
Full textLo scopo di questo lavoro è stato lo studio di materiali funzionali e strutture micro / nano per la realizzazione di sensori ottici per la rilevazione di specie chimiche o biologiche in mezzi liquidi. La ricerca è stata incentrata su due diverse aree di interesse: la biologia e l'industria alimentare. Un disturbo del metabolismo di zinco è strettamente associato a gravi malattie, tra cui il diabete. Film sol-gel funzionali e porosi, drogati con una molecola fluorescente, in grado di rilevare Zn2 + fino alla range del nanomolare sono stati ingegnerizzati. I sistemi permettono di rilevare le concentrazioni di ioni zinco dinamicamente nel tempo, mostrando selettività rispetto ad altri ioni, stabilità derivante dal legame covalente del fluoroforo con la matrice, e soprattutto reversibilità. La seconda parte della tesi è focalizzata sul rilevamento di antibiotici residui. La preoccupazione per la sicurezza alimentare nel settore del latte ha determinato la definizione dei livelli residui di antibiotici in campioni di latte. C'è un forte interesse nello sviluppo di sensori ad alta sensibilità ottica, che diano risposte affidabili e permettano il rilevamento di più antibiotici in situ. Due diverse architetture plasmoniche per il rilevamento ad alta sensibilità, selettività ed economicamente conveniente di antibiotici residui nel latte, ed in particolare di ampicillina, sono stati sviluppati. Sono state studiate una strategia basata su SPR che consiste nella combinazione di proprietà di risonanza ottica e magnetiche in un unica nanostruttura, e un grating sinusoidale plasmonico che supporta la propgazione LRSPPs. La selettività è il risultato di una funzionalizzazione con aptameri specifici. Anche se sono necessari ulteriori indagini, questo lavoro ha fornito la consapevolezza e la competenza delle tecniche di fabbricazione e degli strumenti analitici per la caratterizzazione e l'uso dei dispositivi sviluppati.
Shen, Cai. "Self-assembled monolayers of thiolates as templates for micro/nano fabrication." Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/603.
Full textAgustí, Batlle Jordi. "Nonlinear micro/nano-optomechanical oscillators for energy transduction from IR sources." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285101.
Full textIn this thesis, a new device merging optical antennas and micro/nano-mechanical structures is proposed with the aim to transform electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy. The study of the involved transduction mechanisms is the main objective of the presented work. The working principle of this new device can be summarized as follows: the antennas acting as absorbers in the infrared spectrum capture the electromagnetic radiation and transform it into a temperature field in the mechanical structure. Due to the thermal properties of the structural material the thermal response is converted to a mechanical deflection which eventually can lead to the self-oscillation of the device. Given the involved energy transformations, the modeling of the coupled physics becomes a fundamental step in the path of designing, fabricating and characterizing a proof-of-concept device. The energy conversion is shown to be more efficient when the device auto-oscillates. However, due the the highly nonlinear nature of such phenomenon precisely knowing if such oscillation can be achieved using the proof-of-concept device imply its physical characterization in order to apply the developed model.
Zhang, Xing. "Electrospun tri-layer micro/nano-fibrous scaffold for vascular tissue engineering." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010r/zhang.pdf.
Full textKetterl, Thomas P. "Micro- and nano-scale switches and tuning elements for microwave applications." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001559.
Full textLI, BO. "UV-LIGA COMPATIBLE ELECTROFORMED NANO-STRUCTURED MATERIALS FOR MICRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2269.
Full textPh.D.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering;
Engineering and Computer Science
Mechanical Engineering
Miljkovic, Nenad. "Development and characterization of micro/nano structured surfaces for enhanced condensation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84403.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 159-168).
Micro/nanostructures have long been recognized to have potential for heat transfer enhancement in phase-change processes by achieving extreme wetting properties, which is of great importance in a wide range of applications including thermal management, building environment control, water harvesting, desalination, and industrial power generation. This thesis focuses on the fundamental understanding of water vapor condensation on superhydrophobic surfaces, as well as the demonstration of such surfaces for enhanced condensation heat transfer performance. We first studied droplet-surface interactions during condensation on superhydrophobic surfaces to understand the emergent droplet wetting morphology. We demonstrated the importance of considering local energy barriers to understand the condensed droplet morphologies and showed nucleation-mediated droplet-droplet interactions can overcome these barriers to develop wetting states not predicted by global thermodynamic analysis. To minimize these droplet-droplet interactions and ensure the formation of favorable morphologies for enhanced condensation heat transfer, we show that the structure length scale needs to be minimized while ensuring the local energy barriers satisfy the morphology dependent criteria. This mechanistic understanding offers insight into the role of surface-structure length scale and provides a quantitative basis for designing surfaces optimized for condensation in engineered systems. Using our understanding of emergent droplet wetting morphology, we experimentally and numerically investigated the morphology dependent individual droplet growth rates. By taking advantage of well-controlled functionalized silicon nanopillars, the growth and shedding behavior of both suspended and partially wetting droplets on the same surface during condensation was observed. Environmental scanning electron microscopy was used to demonstrate that initial droplet growth rates of partially wetting droplets were 6 times larger than that of suspended droplets. A droplet growth model was developed to explain the experimental results and showed that partially wetting droplets had 4-6 times higher heat transfer rates than that of suspended droplets. Based on these findings, the overall performance enhancement created by surface nanostructuring was examined in comparison to a flat hydrophobic surface. These nanostructured surfaces had 56% heat flux enhancement for partially wetting droplet morphologies, and 71% heat flux degradation for suspended morphologies in comparison to flat hydrophobic surfaces. This study provides fundamental insights into the previously unidentified role of droplet wetting morphology on growth rate, as well as the need to design nanostructured surfaces with tailored droplet morphologies to achieve enhanced heat and mass transfer during dropwise condensation. To create a unified model for condensation capable of predicting the surface heat transfer for a variety of surface length scales, geometries, and condensation conditions, we incorporated the emergent droplet wetting morphology, individual droplet heat transfer, and size distribution. The model results showed a specific range of characteristic length scales (0.5 - 2 ptm) allowing for the formation of coalescence-induced jumping droplets with a 190% overall surface heat flux enhancement over conventional flat dropwise condensing surfaces. This work provided a unified model for dropwise condensation on micro/nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces and offered guidelines for the selection of ideal structured surfaces to maximize heat transfer. Using the insights gained from the developed model and optimization, a scalable synthesis technique was developed to produce functionalized oxide nanostructures on copper surfaces capable of sustaining superhydrophobic condensation. Nanostructured copper oxide (CuO) films were formed via chemical oxidation in an alkaline solution resulting in dense arrays of sharp CuO nanostructures with characteristic heights and widths of -1 pm and -300 nm, respectively. Condensation on these surfaces was characterized using optical microscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy to quantify the distribution of nucleation sites and elucidate the growth behavior of individual droplets with characteristic radii of -1 to 10 pm at supersaturations < 1.5. Comparison of the measured individual droplet growth behavior showed good agreement with our developed heat transfer model. We subsequently studied the macroscopic heat transfer performance during water condensation on superhydrophobic CuO tube surfaces in a custom built experimental chamber. The results experimentally demonstrated for the first time a 25% higher overall heat flux and 30% higher condensation heat transfer coefficient compared to state-of-the-art hydrophobic condensing surfaces at low supersaturations (<1.12). This work not only shows significant condensation heat transfer enhancement, but promises a low cost and scalable approach to increase efficiency for applications such as atmospheric water harvesting and dehumidification. Furthermore, the results offer insights and an avenue to achieve high flux superhydrophobic condensation. In addition to demonstrating enhanced heat transfer performance, we discovered electrostatic charging of jumping droplets on CuO. With the aid of electric fields, the charge on the droplets was quantified, and the mechanism for the charge accumulation was studied. We demonstrated that droplet charging was associated with the formation of the electric double layer at the droplet-surface interface, and subsequent separation during coalescence and jumping. The observation of droplet charge accumulation and electric double layer charge separation provides important insight into jumping droplet physics. Furthermore, this work is a starting point for more advanced approaches for enhancing jumping droplet surface performance by using external electric fields to control droplet jumping. Finally, we demonstrated electric-field-enhanced (EFE) condensation, whereby an external electric field was used to force charged departing droplets away from the surface and limit their return. With the CuO surfaces, we studied EFE condensation heat transfer performance during water condensation. The results experimentally demonstrated a 50% higher overall heat transfer coefficient compared to the no-field jumping surface at low supersaturations (<1.12). This work not only shows significant condensation heat transfer enhancement, it offers insights into new avenues for improving the performance of self-cleaning and anti-icing surfaces, as well as thermal diodes. This thesis presents improved fundamental understanding of wetting and condensation on micro/nanostructures as well as practical implementation of these structures for enhanced condensation heat transfer. The insights gained demonstrate the potential of new surface engineering approaches to improve the performance of various thermal management and energy production applications.
by Nenad Miljkovic.
Ph.D.
Fowley, Colin Paul. "Nano/micro particle conjugates for use in photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy." Thesis, Ulster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.692835.
Full textRichardson, Elliot J. W. "Micro- and nano-soft lithography for the fabrication of photonic devices." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27964.
Full textChichenkov, Aleksandr. "Electrokinetic manipulation of micro to nano-sized objects for microfluidic application." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2013. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/15933/.
Full textDO, JAEPHIL. "A DISPOSABLE POLYMER LAB-ON-A-CHIP WITH MICRO/NANO BIOSENSOR FOR MAGNETIC NANO BEAD-BASED IMMUNOASSAY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1164035684.
Full textTulli, Domenico. "Micro-nano structured electro-optic devices in LiNbO3 for communication and sensing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/81118.
Full textUno de los materiales que permite el avance de la tecnología de dispositivos ópticos integrados es el niobato de litio (LiNbO3). Se trata de un cristal ferro-eléctrico, con excelentes propiedades electro-ópticas, acusto-ópticas y no lineales. Además, es posible fabricar guías de onda de bajas pérdidas mediante las técnicas de intercambio protónico (PE) y difusión de titanio. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es el desarrollo y la introducción tanto de las técnicas avanzadas de micro-nano fabricación para el niobato de litio como de nuevos dispositivos ópticos integrados para las comunicaciones ópticas y la detección de campo eléctricos de alto voltaje. La técnicas de fabricación desarrolladas incluyen inversión de dominios mediante la técnica de poling de alto voltaje, grabado, bonding y capas delgadas. Desde el punto de vista de los dispositivos, la inversión de dominios ha sido utilizada para mejorar la respuesta electro-óptica de los moduladores en LiNbO3 en términos de ancho de banda (BW) y voltaje de control (Vπ). En comparación con los moduladores comerciales actuales de un único dominio, con esta técnica es posible obtener mayores anchos de banda y menores voltajes de control resultando en un aumento del 50% del producto BW·Vπ. Para demonstrar la eficacia de la técnica desarrollada, se ha fabricado un modulador Mach-Zehnder chirp-free poniendo los brazos del interferómetro en dos regiones de dominios opuestos. De las mediciones efectuadas se han obtenidos valores de voltaje de control de 2V y ancho de banda de 15 GHz. Estos resultados muestran que los dispositivos desarrollados pueden reducir el coste total de funcionamiento, ya que permiten el uso de controladores económicos de Si-Ge que operan en el rango de los 2V. Otro aspecto de este trabajo se enfoca en el desarrollo de dispositivos para medir, de forma exacta, altos campos eléctricos, que normalmente son generados en las centrales eléctricas y en las líneas de transmisión. Por este motivo, se han desarrollado dos sensores de campo eléctrico mediante las técnicas de micro-fabricación anteriormente mencionadas. El primer dispositivo está basado en una guía fabricada mediante intercambio protónico en LiNbO3 z-cut, diseñada a la frecuencia de corte y centrada en una región de dominio invertido de 10 micras de ancho y 10mm de largo. El rendimiento del dispositivo se ha demostrado detectando campos a baja frecuencia con amplitudes de hasta 2.6MV/m y campos a la frecuencia de 1.1GHz con amplitudes desde 19V/m hasta 23kV/m. El segundo dispositivo se ha fabricado mediante bonding directo de un sustrato de LiNbO3 encima de una guía PE diseñada a la frecuencia de corte y centrada en una región de dominio invertido de 10 micras de ancho y 10mm de largo. El dispositivo se ha caracterizado a baja frecuencia y ha sido posible medir campos eléctricos de hasta 2MV/m con un aumento de sensibilidad comparado con el primer dispositivo fabricado sin la técnica del bonding. Estos resultados muestran que los dispositivos desarrollados pueden ser utilizados para mediciones de campos eléctricos intensos en condiciones peligrosas sin ningún riesgo para el operador. Después de una breve introducción en el Capítulo 1 de esta Tesis, las propiedades del LiNbO3 se discuten en el Capítulo 2, prestando especial atención a sus características ópticas y electro-ópticas. El Capítulo 3 presenta las técnicas de micro fabricación desarrolladas durante este trabajo sobre sustratos de 3 pulgadas. En particular, se presentan las técnicas de fabricación de guías mediante intercambio protónico, de inversión de dominios mediante poling de alto voltaje, de bonding de LiNbO3 con diferentes sustratos (LiNbO3 , SiO2, Si) y la fabricación de capas delgadas. El Capítulo 4 ofrece una introducción sobre los moduladores interferométricos Mach-Zehnder de onda propagada, presentando sus principales características. Además se presenta una nueva estructura de modulador basada sobre inversión de dominios y los resultados obtenidos. El Capítulo 5 empieza con una introducción sobre los sensores de campo eléctrico y después se presentan dos nuevos sensores de campo eléctrico completamente ópticos fabricados en LiNbO3 z-cut. Los dispositivos están basados en las técnicas de intercambio protónico, inversión de dominios y bonding directo. Finalmente, en el Capítulo 6 se presentan las conclusiones y posibles desarrollos futuros que pueden contribuir al aumento del impacto de este trabajo en las industrias de comunicaciones ópticas y de detección.
Choi, Hae Woon. "Femtosecond laser material processing for micro-/nano-scale fabrication and biomedical applications." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1184883900.
Full textChiang, Chung-Yi. "Assembly of biological building blocks for nano- and micro-fabrication of materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44391.
Full textThesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2008.
Experimental studies were performed to fabricate various material structures using genetically engineered M13 bacteriophage. This virus template showed superior controls of material syntheses from nanoscale to microscale. Structures including nanowires, nanoparticle arrays, hetero-particle arrays, and micro-fibers were fabricated using the engineered MI3 virus as the building block and mineralization platform. The mineralization mechanisms were revealed by alternating the types and amounts of peptide motifs displayed on the viral templates. The results showed the importance of a fused peptide motif to mediate the mineralization process of a material, which was dominated by either physical absorption or chemical nucleation. The potential applications of the materials synthesized using the viral template, including energy generation and biosensors, were also demonstrated. For the first time, several types of highly engineered MI 3 virus were used to fabricate nanostructures such as nanowires, nano-arrays, hetero-particle arrays, and complex nanowires. A type 8 phage library was reported to screen peptide motifs for making nanowires. A multi-functionalized viral template, type 8-3 virus, was engineered and demonstrated to create a variety of nano-archietetures. A type 8+8 virus was used to create complex nanowires embedded with different materials. In addition, the mechanical properties of virus-based materials were evaluated and characterized for the first time. The tunable functionalities and mechanical performances of virus-based materials showed promising capabilities not only to manipulate material syntheses and structures but also to be integrated with other synthetic materials using current processing techniques.
by Chung-Yi Chiang.
Ph.D.
Vladov, Nikola. "Strategies for application of focused ion beams in micro and nano manufacturing." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.664274.
Full textSinjab, Faris. "Integrated AFM-Raman for molecular characterization of peptide nano- and micro-tubes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28411/.
Full textMarzorati, S. "PT-FREE NANO- AND MICRO-STRUCTURED CARBONS FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/332529.
Full textBancaud, Aurélien. "Technologies for genomic and epigenomic analysis: a new frontier for micro- and nano-fluidics." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997069.
Full textCaccamo, Sebastiano. "Innovative techniques for conformal doping of semiconductors for applications in micro- and nano-electronics." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/4171.
Full textGalán, Cascales Teresa. "Conducting polymers for micro and nano electrodes. Application to biomolecule sensing and release." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/297432.
Full textAunque los polímeros conductores se presentan como una alternativa viable a los materiales convencionalmente usados en aplicaciones biomédicas, las técnicas de fabricación adaptadas a ellos y el aprovechamiento de sus propiedades están lejos de ser completos. Existen importantes limitaciones en la fabricación de micro y nano estructuras basadas en polímeros conductores. Debido a la agresividad de las técnicas tradicionalmente usadas en microelectrónica, se hace necesaria la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias de fabricación adaptadas a polímeros conductores, así como de nuevos procesos que puedan mejorar el rendimiento de los dispositivos diseñados. En esta tesis titulada “Conducting polymers micro and nano electrodes. Application to biomolecule sensing and release”, se han investigado nuevas técnicas de fabricación y de funcionalización de polímeros conductores, poniendo un especial interés en su aplicación biomédica. Una nueva técnica de fabricación de microestructuras de polipirrol por método biocatalítico sobre superficies aislantes ha sido desarrollada con resoluciones comparables a las de la litografía óptica. Dicha técnica es compatible con la incorporación de biomoléculas durante el proceso de síntesis, lo que garantiza su utilización en entornos biológicos. Esto fue demostrado mediante la incorporación de biotina durante el proceso de polimerización y su posterior liberación, mediante estimulo eléctrico. También se ha desarrollado un nuevo sensor de ADN sin marcaje basado en electrodos de azida-PEDOT, para la detección de secuencias basadas en la “Hepatitis C”. Estos electrodos, permiten la directa y covalente funcionalización con secuencias de ADN, modificadas con grupos acetileno, por medio de la química “Click”. La hibridación fue detectada mediante la evaluación de la electroactividad del polímero tras el suceso de reconocimiento. Esta novedosa modalidad de sensores demostró ser selectiva y sensible, siendo capaz de detectar secuencias complementarias en el rango nM, sin necesidad de marcajes, ni complejas técnicas de microfabricación. Finalmente, se estudiaron dos técnicas de fabricación de nanohilos de polímero conductor: nanolitografía de dip-pen y electropolimerización sobre superficies con plantillas. Estos estudios proveen al incompleto campo de la fabricación de nanoestructuras de polímeros conductores de resultados adicionales, que amplían el campo de aplicación de dichos materiales.
Estrada, Leypón Oscar Emilio. "Micro-Nano-Bio Systems for on-line monitoring of in vitro biofilm responses." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/300595.
Full textEl trabajo presentado en esta tesis doctoral tiene como principal objetivo la contribución en el campo de la microbiología para entender los biofilms y el posible control de desarrollo mediante el uso de métodos y enfoque multidisciplinar. Los biofilms están definidos como comunidades de microorganismos que crecen embebidos en una matriz exopolisacárida y se adhieren a una superficie inerte o tejido vivo. La formación de los biofilms bacterianos tiene un gran interés en microbiología clínica debido al desarrollo de infecciones que son causadas por contacto directo o por colonización de dispositivos médicos implantados y prótesis. Actualmente se consideran la causa de más del 60 % de las infecciones bacterianas. El problema de los biofilms bacterianos a nivel clínico es que muestran mejor resistencia a antibióticos llegando incluso a ser de 500 a 5000 veces más resistentes a agentes antimicrobianos comparado a la misma bacteria planctónica (bacteria en suspensión). Ha habido muchas tentativas de adaptar métodos a laboratorios clínicos donde se reproducen las condiciones para el desarrollo de biofilms, pero aún no se ha llegado a obtener óptimos protocolos estándar para este propósito de monitorizar la formación y toxicidad en tiempo real. Ha crecido el interés en diseño, desarrollo y utilización de dispositivos de microfluídica que puedan emular los fenómenos biológicos que ocurren con diferentes geometrías, dinámica de fluidos y restricciones de transporte de biomasa en microambientes fisiológicos. La investigación descrita en esta tesis se lleva a cabo con diferentes métodos “label-free” basados en variación acústica y/o propiedades eléctricas para la monitorización de biofilms. El trabajo presentado en esta monografía describe un dispositivo “custom-made” para la utilización de Espectroscopia de impedancia electroquímica como herramienta útil para obtener información de adherencia y formación de biofilms. El hecho de añadir nanopartículas como segundo biosensor permite la correlación de biofilm con su toxicidad en tiempo real para la detección del punto óptimo del tratamiento de biofilms. Finalmente el diseño de esta tecnología es usada para el ensayo de la respuesta de biofilms a antibióticos como modelo in vitro de infecciones causadas por biofilms.
The work presented in this thesis has the main aim to contribute in the field of clinical microbiology to understand the biofilms and the possible of development through the use of methods with multidisciplinary approach. Biofilms are defined as communities of microorganisms that grow embedded in a matrix of exopolysaccharides and adhering to an inert surface or living tissue. The formation of bacterial biofilms has an interest in clinical microbiology with the development of infections that usually arise from either direct contact or the colonization of implanted medical devices and prostheses. Currently they are considered the cause of over 60% of bacterial infections. The problem of bacterial biofilms at clinical level is showing great resistance to antibiotics, so that the biofilm bacteria are 500 to 5000 times more resistant to antimicrobial agents that the same bacteria grown in planktonic cultures (bacteria in suspension). There have been attempts to adapt methods to clinical laboratories where they reproduce the conditions of biofilms, but have not yet adopted an optimal standard protocol for this purpose to follow-up the formation and toxicity in real-time. There has been a growing interest in design, development and utilization of microfluidic devices that can emulate biological phenomena that occur in different geometries, fluid dynamics and mass transport restrictions in physiological microenvironments. The research described in this thesis deals with different label-free methods based on variation of acoustic and electric properties for biofilm monitoring. The work presented in this monograph describe a custom-made device for using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as useful tool to obtain information of adherence and formation of biofilms. The addition of nanoparticles as toxicity biomarker allows the correlation of biofilm formation with its toxicity in real-time for detention of the optimal point for biofilm treatment. Finally the design of this technology is used for testing the biofilm response to antibiotic as in vitro model of biofilm-related infection.
Simpson, Brian Keith Jr. "Strain engineering as a method for manufacturing micro- and; nano- scale responsive particles." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34728.
Full textMohammadi, Saeed. "Phononic band gap micro/nano-mechanical structures for wireless communications and sensing applications." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41069.
Full textSotomayor-Rivera, Alexis. "Modification of nano and micro-phase diamond powder for enhancement of hydrogen storage." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6004.
Full textThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on October 16, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Partington, Matthew William. "Development of a molecular-based micro/nano platform for blood stream infection diagnostics." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582168.
Full textLi, Xiangping [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Manz. "Micro- and Nano Engineering for Polymerase Chain Reaction / Xiangping Li ; Betreuer: Andreas Manz." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166654257/34.
Full textAhmad, Zakiah. "Nano-and micro-particle filled epoxy-based adhesives for in-situ timber bonding." Thesis, University of Bath, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.478940.
Full textAlasadi, Alaa. "Development of laser direct writing for fabrication of micro/nano-scale magnetic structures." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/22820/.
Full textGun, S. "Electrohydrodynamic atomization forming of micro and nano-scale magnetic particles for biomedical applications." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1468713/.
Full textQin, Zhenpeng. "Modeling of Ion Transport for Micro/Nano Size Particles in Coulter Counter Application." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1240858653.
Full textJung, Hyunchul. "Design, Fabrication and Characterization of Micro/Nano Electroporation Devices for Drug/Gene Delivery." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316541070.
Full textBushman, Sarah Mansfield. "The Development of Micro- and Nano-scale Techniques for Studying Cancer Cell Invasion." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492775878121827.
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