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Pedro, Teresa Maria Terreiro da Costa. "Barriers to micro-enterprise development." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11791.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThe lack of knowledge concerning business practices and saving habits in developing countries is still very significant. This paper analyzes the relation that record keeping and saving habits have on business profits and revenues. A survey was conducted among micro-entrepreneurs (grocers) in the city of Maputo, in Mozambique, in order to evaluate their business practices and what their saving habits were. It was found that record keeping and saving habits are strong determinants of business profits and revenues, particularly when used together – an indication of potential synergies between these two variables.
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Almobayyed, Mona. "Micro-enterprise for Women in Guatemala." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1342716328.
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Gibson, Penelope. "The UK patent system and micro- and small-sized enterprise." Thesis, University of Kent, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498830.
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Al-Madhoun, Mohammed Ibraheem. "Management-training and development for small and micro enterprise managers : an assessment of management training programmes for small and micro enterprise managers' development in Palestine." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.572690.
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Palmer, Robert. "Skills development, the enabling environment and informal micro-enterprise in Ghana." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1698.
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Unemployment and underemployment, particularly among the youth, are serious concerns to governments across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Fifteen years on from the World Conference on Education For All (EFA) in Jomtien, EFA policies have started to result in some of the largest cohorts of primary school leavers ever witnessed in many parts of SSA. This is occurring at a time when SSA’s formal sector is unable to generate sufficient formal employment and income opportunities. The great majority of all school leavers, therefore, are obliged to enter the informal, micro-enterprise economy, urban and rural, and receive informal training in traditional apprenticeships and/or through other on-the-job means. However the links between education, training and enterprise are still poorly understood. This study presents an investigation into how young people construct and are able to navigate these pathways to informal self-employment in rural Ghana by acquiring skills and schooling from multiple sources, and through seeking assistance from informal networks. It makes a contribution not only to understanding the transition from training to self-employment, but also to the nature of the rural informal sector in Ghana. This study examines three types of skills training provision; on-the-job apprenticeship training, short-term modular training and longer-term pre-employment training, examining both the delivery context of these different training modalities, as well as the graduates’ labour market outcomes. The analysis is based on 12 months fieldwork in rural Ghana in 2004 and 2005 during which time multiple approaches were used to uncover these skill-to-work pathways; tracer studies with 162 vocational training graduates, semi-structured interviews with 160 apprentices and a household survey capturing data on 147 youth. Furthermore, retrospective interviews with 114 enterprise owners were conducted to better understand pathways to informal self-employment and the multiple occupational realities, or occupational pluralism, of many of those in this rural African economy. This data suggests that the school-skill-enterprise relationship is highly dependent on the delivery context of training as well as the type of enabling or disabling environments within which the training is translated into employment outcomes. This study also includes an analysis of the long history of Ghana’s skills development policies and practice - up to 2006. This is integrated with a discussion on the wider environment within which skills are delivered, particularly the labour market, and how this impacts on the employment opportunities of technical and vocational education and training graduates in Ghana.
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Ueda, Gen. "Devolution and autonomy : dynamics of micro enterprise reproduction in Nyeri Town, Kenya." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325409.
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Kang, Alice H. 1976. "Constraints to micro and small enterprise growth in Uganda : implications for development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67526.
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Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 71).
The rapid proliferation of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) has become an increasingly important factor for economic growth in less developed countries. In Uganda, the micro and small enterprise sector has been particularly successful in providing employment opportunities for rural populations. As a result, the Government of Uganda has implemented policy initiatives designed to encourage their sustained development. In order to evaluate some of the policies that have been drafted by the government, survey work was carried out in two secondary towns of Uganda, Wobulenzi and Lugazi, in order to better characterize the enabling environment of MSEs and to study the effects of better water infrastructure provision on firm productivity. The empirical evidence obtained suggests that individuals are able to easily enter into the MSE sector but that firms are highly constrained once established, and therefore, unable to grow. Some of the most significant obstacles to growth for the MSEs surveyed are the taxation system, the limited access to financing and an unreliable electricity supply. It has also been found that the provision of piped water infrastructure in Wobulenzi has had a significant effect on the productivity of these micro and small enterprises. However, much must still be learned about these MSEs and their constraints to growth in order for government intervention to prove to be successful.
by Alice H. Kang.
M.C.P.
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Nasrullah, Amir Mohammad. "Critical analysis of micro enterprise policy development in developing countries : a case of Bangladesh." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6601.
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MEs are considered as the major sources of employment creation. Global experiences show that an efficient ME sector is conducive to industrial growth and a flexible industrial structure, which are the cornerstones of a vibrant entrepreneurial economy. The contributions of MEs to the national economy can be measured in terms of some inter-related issues: economic (income generation), social (poverty reduction) and political (wealth redistribution). Current studies show a strong link between entrepreneurship and economic development (ED). The impact of entrepreneurship on ED depends on the level of business performance, and economy is an affect for which entrepreneurship is the cause. ED theories generally emphasise on employment creation by industrialisation with the use of advanced technology. Thus economic histories of the developed countries show the notion that ED has benefited from widespread large scale entrepreneurial activity. However, developing countries (DC) have begun to realize the necessity of encouraging entrepreneurship to achieve their ED goals. But, they in reality can’t achieve these goals like the developed countries, because they don’t have sufficient capital and advanced technology. As a result they need to depend on small scale enterprise development by exploiting available resources, small capital, and indigenous technology. It indicates a strong link between micro enterprise development (MED) and entrepreneurship development. Therefore, national ED policies of DCs should focus on linking MED, entrepreneurship development and ED. Despite these recognized importance, MEs face severe problems and challenges in DCs. They lack appropriate policies and programmes to promote MEs towards ED. This study critically examines the existing MED Policies (MEDP) and the role of different MED Organizations (MEDOs) with a view to articulating appropriate policy recommendations. Based on the objectives and literature review four themes (state of affairs of MEDPs, support services to MEs, financing MEs and networking of ME stakeholders) were identified to establish the interview protocols. This study employed a qualitative inductive approach, case study strategy and in depth interviews with semi-structured protocols to collect primary data based on phenomenology. Thirty five respondents from different ME stakeholders (policy makers, implementing agencies, and the recipients) were interviewed and interpretative phenomenological analysis technique was used for data analysis. The findings confirm that there are fragmentations and incoherency in existing MEDPs, as a result, they failed to achieve the goals of MED. Specifically, support services and infrastructural facilities to MEs are not well designed, financing systems are not fully supportive to all the MEs, and networking of ME stakeholders are very floppy. Overall a favourable entrepreneurial culture to MED is absent in Bangladesh. The government has failed to plan realistically to mobilize the resources, to exercise control over factors of MED and to give appropriate direction to the developmental process. This study offers a list of practical recommendations to formulate a coherent and comprehensive MEDP based on solid evidences. Especially, a model for appropriate government intervention to MED by linking the main three concepts of this study MED, entrepreneurship development and ED, and an alternative model for ‘interest free ME financing’ are proposed. This study hopes that these recommendations will provide appropriate inputs to the policy makers and concerned ME stakeholders in the DCs, particularly Bangladesh and more generally to the MED literature.
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Owen, Morné. "An enterprise information security model for a micro finance company: a case study." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1151.
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The world has entered the information age. How the information is used within an organization will determine success or failure of the organisation. This study aims to provide a model, that once implemented, will provide the required protection for the information assets. The model is based on ISO 27002, an international security standard. The primary objective is to build a model that will provide a holistic security system specifically for a South African Micro Finance Company (MFC). The secondary objectives focuses on successful implementation of such a model, the uniqueness of the MFC that should be taken into account, and the maintenance of the model once implemented to ensure ongoing relevance. A questionnaire conducted at the MFC provided insight into the perceived understanding of information security. The questionnaire results were used to ensure the model solution addressed current information security shortcomings within the MFC. This study found that the information security controls in ISO 27002 should be applicable to any industry. The uniqueness for the MFC is not in the security controls, but rather in the regulations and laws applicable to it.
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Chilipunde, Rodrick Lengama. "Constraints and challenges faced by small, medium and micro enterprise contractors in Malawi." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1220.
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Small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) are an important sector of any construction economy. The need for efficient SMMEs is well documented and cannot be over-emphasised. SMMEs are vital in their contribution to employment creation and value reorientation. However, their in process operations are not well understood and have rarely been addressed. The aim of this research was therefore to establish a base level of understanding of the operational core-face of SMMEs in Malawi. The methodology used included an extensive literature review and field survey conducted on 52 SMMEs. The field survey used the questionnaire instrument and random sampling. The critical findings from the literature were that there are binding constraints in the operations of SMMEs. The field survey confirmed the issues raised in the literature and posited the operational challenges as lack of finance, training and business skills; limited skills in Construction Information Technology (IT), and prevalence of unethical conduct amongst some of the stakeholders. The findings make an invaluable contribution to the search for solutions to the problems faced by construction SMMEs in Malawi and provide insight for further research in institutional weaknesses and policy issues regarding in this part of the world. The implications of the findings are that unless the limitations named above are resolved, SMMEs in Malawi will continue to experience poor growth and competitiveness. The recommendations include the developing of training programmes in business management, introduction of sector specific financing programmes and the provision of an appropriate regulatory and legislative framework. By establishing the core issues affecting the operations of SMMEs in the Malawian construction industry, the research has contributed to the enhancement of the understanding of this elusive subject.
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Mtero, Farai. "The informal sector : micro-enterprise activities and livelihoods in Makana Municipality, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007706.
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This study examines the nature and characteristics of the informal sector within the Makana municipal area in South Africa. The focus is on the socio-economic characteristics of the informal sector operatives; operational characteristics of the microenterprises that we studied, such as longevity, employment generation, growth potential, and linkages of the informal sector with the formal sector of the economy. Extensive studies on the informal sector have been conducted in many parts of the world relative to South Africa. The key finding in most of these researches is that the informal sector is highly heterogeneous. These studies provide us with the parameters for analysing the nature and characteristics of the informal sector in the Makana Municipality. The results of the thesis show that the majority of people in Makana Municipality join the informal sector as a result of such push factors as unemployment, retrenchment and the need to survive. While there is evidence of lucrative activities amongst the surveyed enterprises, most of the informal sector micro-enterprises are concentrated in the lower segment of the sector where earnings are very low. Results from this study reveal that employment generation (beyond owner-operator) is very limited. The co-existence of a small number of remunerative activities alongside a large proportion of relatively unproductive activities is not only a sign of restricted economic potential but, most importantly, it points to the heterogeneous nature of the informal sector. Precisely, the informal sector encompasses activities which are different in terms of asset holdings, earnings, etc. From the study, it is also evident that the informal sector micro-enterprises play a crucial role in distributing goods produced in the formal sector. Evidence indicates that these micro-enterprises are Iinked to the formal sector. The idea of a 'second economy' devoid of linkages with the 'first economy' is of limited heuristic value. Thus, the 'second economy' is an extension of the first.
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Chiza, Albin Boris Lugerero. "Adoption of cloud computing services amongst the micro-enterprise sector in Cape Town." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2862.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.Micro-enterprises play a vital role towards the South Africa’s economic growth by contributing towards job creation. Despite the importance of the role of micro-enterprises, micro-enterprises face several challenges such as lack of finance, lack of skilled workers and lack of technological resources. Previous studies indicate that Information Technology has a distinct role in assisting micro-enterprises overcome several challenges. It is further evidenced in the extant literature that cloud computing, provides a low cost entry for enterprises to support several facets of their business operations. In the current era cloud computing requires a constant as well as fast internet connection and the South African government has various interventions to address the infrastructure divide. However, we have a scant understanding of the adoption challenges amongst micro-enterprises to adopt cloud solutions, which to date feature more prominently amongst larger organisations. This research investigated the factors that influence cloud computing adoption in the micro-enterprise sector in Cape Town. This is a city that promotes the contribution of micro-enterprises to their economic activity, and was such an ideal location to investigate cloud computing adoption amongst the micro-enterprise sector. This research provides a rich understanding of the factors that influence micro-enterprises in Cape Town to adopt cloud computing services and proposes guidelines to encourage micro-enterprises in Cape Town to use cloud services to improve their productivity. The researcher uses the UTAUT model as a framework and a qualitative research methodology to investigate the research question. Data for this research study was collected via face to face interviews with semi-structured questions of ten micro-enterprises and an IT expert. The findings showed that the factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing services are performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, lack of training, cost efficiency and reduction of working hours.
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Ibrahim, Sabir M. "Assessing the impact of micro-lending programmes in the informal sector in Cape Town. A case study, The Nations Trust Organization." University of the Western Cape, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7810.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)The promotion of widespread entrepreneurship through the setting up of small and medium sized enterprises (SMMEs ) is crucial for the transformation to a market economy and the democratisation of society in \the new South Africa. SMMEs are recognized as an engine of economic \ \growth and a source of sustainable development. Within this sector micro , 1nd small enterprises are of special importance because they are considered as the cradle of entrepreneurship, particularly in environments facing high ketllPIQYII'1:en!and poverty,. as j!) the case ~~.South Africg,
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Telleria, Gabriel Martin. "Socio-Economic Impacts of Micro-enterprise Credit in the Informal Sector of Managua, Nicaragua." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33279.
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This analysis will characterize the informal sector in Managua, Nicaragua as small-scale units engaged in the production and distribution of goods and services whose primary objective is to generate employment for the participants rather than maximize their profits. Managua's informal sector employs forty-eight percent of the total employed urban population and plays an important role in the development of the country. Historically, informal sector growth has been constrained by the inaccessibility of credit. However in recent years, credit programs that focus on micro-enterprise lending have been established and are significantly stimulating informal sector activities. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of micro-enterprise credit as a tool for promoting socio-economic development for informal-sector participants. Its principal findings are that micro-enterprise credit promotes economic development by generating income and employment, increasing borrower assets, and facilitating expansion of micro-business enterprises. Secondly, micro-enterprise credit promotes social development by empowering females in the home and business, benefits to children, and improving borrowers' personal well being.Master of Urban and Regional Planning
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Herrera, Barrera Boris Vladimir. "Knowledge as an effective tool to improve Economics Performance in Micro and Small Enterprise." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9171.
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L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi és entendre i explicar l'efecte de la creació, l'ús i l'administració del coneixement com a factor del rendiment econòmic de la petita i la microempresa, utilitzant una aproximació qualitativa, basada en l'ús de narratives. Per assolir-lo, s'ha seguit un esquema de dues fases. La primera desenvolupa un model per entendre'n les variables principals i com s'apliquen a l'anàlisi del fenomen objecte d'estudi, mentre que la segona proposa investigar la naturalesa d'aquest coneixement, és a dir, identificar el tipus de coneixement que fan servir els petits emprenedors, com el fan servir efectivament i com es relaciona amb els factors que s'han definit a la primera fase de l'estudi.El disseny d'aquesta recerca es basa en el marc conceptual proposat per John W. Creswell (2003 i J. Creswell, 2005) i la metodologia de treball en l'ús de narratives a la investigació de ciències socials que proposa Barbara Czarniawska (B. Czarniawska, 2004). En l'àmbit del coneixement, he partit dels estudis sobre creixement endogen de Paul Romer (P. Romer, 1989), que argumenta que el coneixement és un factor important en el rendiment econòmic de les empreses i els països, que he complementat amb l'enfocament particular del pragmatisme americà (J. Dewey, 1910), les definicions de simplicitat en la transferència de coneixement (J. Dewey, 1916), el concepte d'intermediaris del coneixement (A. Hargadon i R. Sutton, 2000) i les definicions de Cook i Brown per a les classificacions d'ús i possessió del coneixement (S. Cook i J. S. Brown, 1999).
Aquesta tesi ha descobert que els elements principals relacionats amb el rendiment econòmic de la petita i la microempresa es basen en l'ús del coneixement que posseeix l'emprenedor, el coneixement que és creat per l'entorn de la petita empresa i la relació dels emprenedors amb aquest entorn, i finalment amb el rol que fan els intermediaris entre l'emprenedor i el seu entorn.
D'altra banda, contribueix amb un patró per entendre la relació entre els petits i els microemprenedors amb el seu entorn, i com crear, usar, compartir i administrar el coneixement ajuda a millorar el rendiment dels seus negocis.
Entender y Explicar el efecto de la creación, el uso y la administración del conocimiento como factor del rendimiento económico de la pequeña y micro empresa, utilizando una aproximación cualitativa basada en el uso de narrativas, es el propósito de esta disertación. Para lo cual se ha utilizado un esquema de dos fases, en la primera fase se desarrolla un modelo para entender las principales variables y su aplicación en el análisis del fenómeno en estudio y la segunda fase, propone investigar la naturaleza de este conocimiento, esto es identificar el tipo de conocimiento usado por los pequeños emprendedores, como este es efectivamente usado y como se relaciona con los factores definidos en la primera fase del estudio.
El diseño de esta investigación se base en el marco conceptual propuesto por John W. Creswell (2003 & J. Creswell, 2005) y la metodología de trabajo en el uso de narrativas en la investigación de ciencias sociales propuesta por Barbara Czarniawska (B. Czarniawska, 2004). En el campo del conocimiento, he partido de los estudios basados en el crecimiento endógeno propuesto por Paul Romer (P. Romer, 1989), quien argumenta que el conocimiento es un factor importante en el rendimiento económico de empresas y naciones, esto es suplementado con el enfoque particular del pragmatismo americano (J. Dewey, 1910), las definiciones de simplicidad en la transferencia de conocimiento (J. Dewey, 1916), el concepto de intermediarios del conocimiento (Hargadon A. & Sutton R., 2000) y las definiciones de Cook y Brown para las clasificaciones de uso y posesión del conocimiento (Cook S. & Brown J.S., 1999).
Esta disertación ha encontrado que los elementos principales relacionados con el rendimiento económico de la pequeña y micro empresa, están basados en el uso del conocimiento que está en posesión del emprendedor, por el conocimiento que es creado por el entorno de la pequeña empresa y por la relación del los emprendedores con este entorno, y finalmente con el rol que juegan los intermediarios entre el emprendedor y su entorno.
Por otro lado, este contribuye con un patrón para entender la relación entre los pequeños y micro emprendedores con su entorno, como el crear, usar, compartir y administrar el conocimiento contribuye con el rendimiento de sus negocios.
To Understand and Explain about the effect of creation, use and management of knowledge as a factor of economic performance in the micro and small business, utilizing a qualitative approximation based on the use of narratives, is the purpose of this dissertation. For which a scheme in two phases have been utilized; the first that develops a model to understand the most prominent variables and their application in the analysis of the phenomenon being studied and the second one, proposes to investigate the nature of this knowledge, that is to say to identify the type of knowledge that is used by the small entrepreneurs, how this is effectively used and how is it related to the determined factors in the first phase of the study.
The design of this research is based on the conceptual framework proposed by John W. Creswell (2003 & J Creswell 2005) and methodology in the work on the use of Narratives in the Social Science Research by Barbara Czarniawska (Czarniawska B 2004). In the field of knowledge I started from the basis of studies based on endogenous growth proposed by Paul Romer (P Romer, 1989), who argue that knowledge is an important factor in the economic performance of firms and nations, this is supplemented with particular focus of American pragmatism John Dewey (J Dewey 1910), the definitions of simplicity in the transmission of knowledge (J Dewey 1916), the concept of knowledge brokers or intermediaries (Hargadon A & Sutton R 2000) and the definitions of Cook and Brown to the classifications of use and possession of knowledge ( Cook S & Brown JS 1999).
This dissertation has found that the main elements related to the economic performance of the small and micro enterprises, in relation with knowledge, are based on the use of knowledge in possession of the entrepreneur, to the knowledge created by the environment of the small business and the relation of the entrepreneur with this environment, and finally to the role of the broker knowledge between the entrepreneur and his environment.
On the other hand, it contribute with a pattern to understand the relation between the micro and small enterprising with their environment, as the creation works, use, share and manage the knowledge which contributes to the economic performance of the micro and small business.
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Drauschke, Kristin. "Analysis of Micro Enterprise Clusters in Developing Countries: A Case Study of Toluca, Mexico." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84200/.
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Businesses cluster to achieve agglomeration benefits. However, research in developing countries suggests that the economic environment limits small business’ propensity to benefit from agglomerations. The study examines the location, networking patterns, formal structures and owner characteristics of 1256 micro businesses from ten industries and thirteen sample areas in Toluca, Mexico. First, the thesis analyses whether clustering has a positive impact on the success rates of the surveyed enterprises, e.g. higher sales per employee. On an industry scale only Retail benefits from agglomerations economies. However, results of the neighborhood data show that specific areas benefit from urbanization economies. Overall, the study finds that businesses located within agglomerations, have higher levels of formalization, networking and professional training, hence constituting a more sophisticated base for economic development. Conclusions can be drawn for development policies and programs, arguing for a more differentiated approach of small business development depending on business location and cluster characteristics.
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Aswani, Frank. "Barriers and facilitators to transitioning of small businesses (SMME’s) from the second to the first economy in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23318.
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This Research was undertaken to explore and better understand the perceptions of SMME owners, in South Africa, of the financial and non financial barriers and facilitators to the formalization/transitioning process. The study was motivated by the lack of data on the South African context of the barriers and facilitators of the formalization process. The conversion of enterprises from informal to formal concerns is not well researched and understood. In the absence of hard data, experienced observers and practitioners in the small business field express extreme skepticism about the efficacy of attempts to convert informal businesses to formal ones, (Bernstein, 2004). The research was conducted, mostly in Alexandra township Johannesburg, by means of 20 in-depth, semi-structured, face to face interviews with SMME owners; 10 operating informally and 10 who formally were, but have since transitioned/formalized. The resulting findings showed that lack of access to information on formalization and limited access to cash or credit are the major non financial and financial barriers respectively. Improved access to information on formalization is the major non financial facilitator and ability to access a bigger market plus increased access to cash or credit are the major financial facilitators. These findings also indicate that there may be a difference in the barriers and facilitators to formalization in South Africa as compared to what’s reported internationally in the literature.Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
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Barringer, Michelle L. K. "An analysis of the need for product development training in cultural craft micro-enterprise projects." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2008/M_Barringer_070808.pdf.
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Ibargüen, Tinley Lorena Maribel. "Women's herbal product micro-enterprise development in Mexico : understanding gender dimensions, social networks and knowledge." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2010. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/34264/.
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Pauck-Borchardt, JUrgen. "Business as usual -small and micro enterprise support versus traditional business practices in Western Namibia." University of Western Cape, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7758.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)This research describes the current situation of small and micro enterprises (SME) in Western Namibia, its problems and constraints, but also its potential for growth and its capacity for absorption of the unemployed particularly in the informal sector. The thesis addresses a set of problems, especially regarding research in the region, impact of apartheid rule on SMEs as well as lack of business acumen on micro level and the new government SME support strategy which is ignoring traditional differences in business practices on macro level.
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Mahambehlala, Tandi. "Small, medium and micro enterprise development challenges in a post apartheid South Africa: Lessons learnt." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6812.
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Masters in Public Administration - MPAA problem of the South African economy is the pervasive unemployment in particular amongst the black population. Double-digit unemployment figures had become the norm within post - apartheid South Africa. The newly elected government in 1994 identified the informal sector as a strategic growth area. The SMME sector was seen as unexplored and a potential conduit and possible answer to create employment opportunities and address the unemployment crisis. The question that guided the research was What are the challenges faced by the SMME sector, in particular black SMMEs, in becoming a sustainable and financially viable business? The study was qualitative in nature and the case methodology was used for this research. The key findings were that, there is an over - reliance on the business owner that in many instances, has very little business experience. Furthermore ,that government support programmes are not well known amongst the SMMEs. The major recommendations are that Government must provide the support to the SMME sector to become sustainable and contribute to employment creation. Government must explore the possibility of financially supporting the SMMEs. Lastly, that Government must review the regulatory and policy framework to reduce and create an enabling environment for SMMEs to grow and become lucrative.
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Ibañez, André Pedreira. "Princípio da atenuação tributária das empresas de porte reduzido : conteúdo normativo e eficácia." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173305.
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A presente tese visa a construir um princípio cujo conteúdo normativo e eficácia viabilizem a concretização, de forma ótima, das finalidades idealizadas na Constituição Federal de 1988, no que diz respeito às microempresas e empresas de pequeno porte, reunidas na expressão “empresas de porte reduzido”. A partir da relevância que essas empresas detêm ao redor do mundo destaca-se o caso do Brasil, em que há dois princípios constitucionais positivados (inciso IX do art. 170 e art. 179) que lhes atribuem um tratamento diferenciado e favorecido, de modo a incentivá-las. Todavia, os referidos princípios, isoladamente considerados, não têm o condão de transmitir todo o conteúdo normativo necessário para otimizar o atendimento às finalidades constitucionais, a partir de uma perspectiva tributária. Como decorrência mostra-se necessária a construção de uma norma jurídica, até então não vislumbrada pela doutrina, a qual contemple a mais ampla extensão da proteção às empresas de porte reduzido. A partir disso, e interpretando os referidos dispositivos constitucionais, é construída a norma com natureza de princípio, chamada de princípio da atenuação tributária das empresas de porte reduzido. Em relação ao conteúdo normativo desse princípio é defendido o seu caráter bidimensional, de modo a produzir efeitos não apenas perante a empresa como contribuinte (primeira dimensão), mas também perante seus titulares, sócios e administradores como responsáveis tributários (segunda dimensão). Com isso o princípio em tela acaba por ter eficácia também em duas dimensões, atingindo a relação da Fazenda Pública com o contribuinte e também com os terceiros responsáveis tributários. Como consequência, em sua primeira dimensão o princípio pode produzir uma redução da carga tributária das empresas de porte reduzido, e reduzir a quantidade e complexidade das obrigações tributárias acessórias que lhe são impostas, devendo a concretização desse desiderato se dar por lei complementar (art. 146 da CF/88). Além disso, não pode o Poder Legislativo elaborar norma que atribua carga tributária maior para as empresas de porte reduzido, em comparação com as demais empresas; ou obrigações tributárias acessórias em quantidade e complexidade maior para as empresas de porte reduzido, em comparação com as demais empresas. No que concerne à segunda dimensão o princípio em questão impõe limites ao Poder Legislativo para que não elabore normas de responsabilidade tributária de terceiros mais gravosas do que as normas gerais do Código Tributário Nacional. Além disso, fica o Poder Legislativo também impedido de elaborar normas de responsabilidade tributária de terceiros baseadas em presunções, em função do excessivo ônus imposto aos micro e pequenos empreendedores para afastamento do fato presumido. Ainda, o princípio em questão impõe limites ao Poder Judiciário, que não pode aplicar normas de responsabilidade tributária mais gravosas do que aquelas fixadas no CTN. E, por fim, o princípio em tela também impede que o Poder Judiciário atribua responsabilidade tributária a titulares, sócios e administradores de empresas de porte reduzido com base em presunções, enfatizando-se a inaplicabilidade da Súmula nº 435 do STJ.The purpose of this thesis is to develop a principle which normative content and effectiveness make it possible to optimally achieve the goals envisaged in the Federal Constitution of 1988, in the case of micro-enterprises and small enterprises, named as “small size enterprises”. From the relevance of these companies around the world stands out in the case of Brazil, in which there are two written constitutional principles (section IX of article 170 and article 179) that give those companies a differentiated and favored treatment, in order to incite them. However, these principles, considered separately, do not have the power to transmit all the normative content that is necessary to optimize the attention for the constitutional purposes, from a tax perspective. As a result, it is necessary to develop a legal norm, hitherto not envisaged by the doctrine, which contemplates the broadest scope of protection for small size enterprises. From this, and interpreting the mentioned constitutional provisions, the norm is developed with the normative nature of principle, named as principle of tax relief for small size enterprises. With regard to the normative content of this principle, its two-dimensional nature is defended, so as to produce effects not only on the company as a taxpayer (first dimension), but also on its owners, partners and administrators as tax responsibles (second dimension). With this, the principle on the screen turns out to be effective also in two dimensions, reaching the relation of the Public Treasury with the taxpayer and also with the third party tax responsible. As a consequence, in its first dimension the principle can produce a reduction in the tax burden of small companies, and reduce the quantity and complexity of ancillary tax obligations imposed on it, considering that the accomplishment of this goal should be given by a complementary statute (article 146 of the Constitution). In addition, the Legislative Branch cannot elaborate a norm that assigns a higher tax burden to small companies compared to other companies; or ancillary tax obligations in a larger quantity and complexity for smaller companies compared to other companies. With regard to the second dimension, the principle in question imposes limits on the Legislature so that it does not elaborate norms of third-party tax liability that are more burdensome than the general rules of the National Tax Code. In addition, the Legislature is also prevented from elaborating norms of third-party tax liability based on presumptions, due to the excessive burden imposed on micro and small entrepreneurs to move away from the presumed facts. Moreover, the principle in question imposes limits on the Judiciary, which cannot apply tax liability rules that are more burdensome than those established in the National Tax Code. Finally, the mentioned principle also prevents the Judiciary from assigning tax liability to holders of smaller companies, members and managers based on presumptions, emphasizing the inapplicability of Superior Court Order 435.
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Emmanuel, Slinger. "FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION AND USE OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS FOR MICRO-ENTERPRISE OPERATIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7805.
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Magister Artium - MAThe micro-enterprise sector, although associated with mostly informal businesses, shows promise of potential and transitioning to more formal businesses. With this in mind, the South African government recognizes that prioritized sectorial development is needed to stimulate growth particularly in the micro-enterprise sector. Considering that evidence reveals growth and development in small business practices being closely related to the use of different forms of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), if and when strategically applied. Therefore recognizing the importance of ICTs the South African government has embarked on various technology related initiatives to facilitate needed growth and development. Despite this, entrepreneurs in the micro-enterprise sector demonstrate a low uptake of ICTs for their business operations, including the use of mobile technologies which are the most common form of ICTs available to micro- entrepreneurs. Many previous studies have investigated the adoption and use of mobile technologies in the microenterprise sector, but despite this a low uptake of mobile technologies still exists. For this reason, this study investigates and empirically determines the factors influencing the adoption and use of mobile applications for micro-enterprise operations in South Africa, using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model as a lens. The research population comprised a group of micro-entrepreneurs who all are users of a common mobile application (mentorship-movement application). The main aim of the investigation was to determine (i) the factors influencing the adoption and use of mobile applications for micro- enterprise operation, (ii) if the experience gained and their satisfaction associated with using the mentorship-movement application will influence their behavioural intention to use other mobile applications for business. The study was conducted objectively and used hypothesis testing as the means of investigation. Data was collected through the use of a survey questionnaire. The findings of the study indicate that ii | P a g e performance expectancy and effort expectancy positively influences the micro-entrepreneurs behavioural intention to adopt and use mobile applications for micro-enterprise operations. The findings also observed that social influence has no impact on the micro- entrepreneurs’ behavioural intention to adopt and use mobile applications for business. Facilitating conditions and behavioural intention were found to positively influence the use behaviour of the micro-entrepreneurs when it comes to adoption and use of mobile applications for business. Moreover, the findings confirmed that experience and satisfaction in using one mobile application does not influence the behavioural intention of the micro-entrepreneurs to use other mobile applications for business. The factors which have been found to bear influence on the adoption and use of mobile applications amongst micro-entrepreneurs in South Africa have implications for both policy and practice. In particular, the findings of this study may be used to inform the design of the various programmatic interventions which seek to improve outcomes of the micro-entrepreneur sector. This includes interventions by the Department of Small Business Development and that of the Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA).
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Do, Thi quynh trang. "Développement des micro-entreprises au Vietnam." Thesis, Paris Est, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PEST3006/document.
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Cette thèse étudie le développement des micro entreprises au Vietnam. Nous cherchons d'abord à savoir quels sont les facteurs qui affectent l'offre de travail indépendant sur le marché du travail. En utilisant l'enquête sur le niveau de vie des ménages en 2004 (VHLSS04), enquête dans laquelle les informations sur l'emploi des individus et sur les entreprises familiales sont collectées, nous trouvons qu'un certain nombre de déterminants permettent de décrire le profil des travailleurs indépendants au Vietnam, parmi lesquels la différence de revenu attendu, le niveau d'éducation, l'âge et le secteur d'activité. Dans un deuxième temps, nous tentons d'identifier les déterminants de la performance des micro et petites entreprises. Nos résultats montrent que la hauteur de l'impact de différents caractéristiques des entreprises varie nettement en fonction de leur performance. Parmi ces facteurs, la taille, l'âge et l'emplacement de l'entreprise affectent significativement cette performance. Le troisième chapitre propose une recherche sur l'hétérogénéité des entreprise face à différentes barrières à la croissance. Les données indiquent que le degré de contrainte que les entreprises rencontrent dépend de leurs caractéristiques et de la nature de la barrière. La taille, l'âge, l'emplacement et la branche économique comptent beaucoup dans la détermination du niveau de contrainteThis thesis investigates the development of micro enterprises in Vietnam. We seek to know what factors affect the self-employment supply on the labour market. Using data from the survey on household living standards in 2004 (VHLSS04) in which information on employment of individual and household businesses are collected, we find a certain number of determinants explaining the pattern of self-employed in Vietnam: earnings differentials, educational level, age and business sector. In the second chapter, we seek to identify the determinants of micro and small firm performance. Our results show that impact of different factors on firm performance varies significantly across its growth state. Among them, size, age and firm location matters a lot to firm growth. The third chapter aims at analyzing the heterogeneity of firms across different barriers to growth. Our empirical evidence reveals that the level of constraint met by firms depends on the firm characteristics and the nature of barrier to growth. Size, age, location and industrial sector constitute important determinants of constraint level
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Eismann, Kristel, Magdalena Heinonen, and Jessica Nguyen. "Increasing Brand Awareness as a Micro-enterprise via Social Media: A Case Study of MixWell AB." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-30938.
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Sishuba, Ludumo Christian. "Institutional framework for promoting and supporting small, micro and medium enterprise in South Africa: supply perspective." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32984.
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All around the world, many studies demonstrate the importance of Small, Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) in lifting-up the economy and creating employment. Many governments around the world have created institutions with the aim to enhance SMME survival and growth. This in turn contributes to social and political stability in a country. Despite the importance of SMMEs to the economy and employment creation, in South Africa studies (Hallberg, 2000; World Bank, 2000; World Bank, 2007; SBP, 2014; GEM, 2015, & Edinburg Group, 2015) show that government policy hinders the development and growth of SMMEs. One of the most cited government policies that hinder SMME development and growth is the institutional framework. Institutions are viewed as the platform that could be used to apply formal and/or informal “rules of the game” in society. These institutions play a critical role for the individuals and organisations (our emphasis) to manage unforeseen events, outcomes and high transaction costs. In order for the institutional platforms to remain relevant, it is critical that they are developed to meet the needs of entrepreneurs and SMMEs, since in actual fact they are the ones, which need the institutional platforms for growth. The National Planning Commission through the National Development Plan (NDP, 2013) stresses the need for South Africa to create a conducive business environment. This means eliminating policy and regulatory constraints in order to accelerate development and growth of SMMEs. It is also stated that the institutional matrix plays a crucial role to ensuring that organisations remain viable, profitable and survive growth phases. To experience successful change process, organisations need to appreciate the constraints that hinder development. Hence it is important to ensure that governments create business environment that respond to the needs of the SMMEs. The aim of the study was to examine the current South Africa's institutional framework for SMMEs and find out if the designed and implemented programmes appropriately meet the demands of SMMEs in South Africa. The objectives of the study were to review various institutional frameworks for promoting and supporting SMMEs that are promoting and supporting SMMEs around the world and in South Africa; to assess the extent to which SMMEs support institutions were designing and implementing support services and strategies that responded to the short- and long-term needs of SMMEs. The research study found that the key institutional constraints perceived by public sector service providers as inhibiting the development of SMMEs in South Africa are the following: there is low coordination between organizations supporting SMMEs; inadequate management skills, in particular financial management; lack of domestic and global market access; high regulatory burden, to clear the red tape and lack of access to information and technology infrastructure. This research study advances that solid institutions can help to improve and enhance the role of SMMEs in meeting government's developmental objectives. This view was enabled by the research approach to gather primary information from public sector experts supporting SMMEs, but it also affirms that the views narrated would be subjective. The research study argues that South Africa has a relatively developed institutional framework that supports growth and development of SMMEs. However, the plethora of government programmes administered in various levels of government; different departments and agencies coupled with limited resources has caused fragmentation. The findings in this research study show that government agencies including their oversight holding departments have shown substantial overlap indications in terms of their programmes offering. Further, the findings indicate that there is inadequate interaction with the private sector, SMMEs associations, higher education institutions including civil societies in designing programmes, as result the needs of SMMEs are not properly considered. It essential to improve partnerships in programmes that support export promotion, innovation and training and development. The research study further proposes that South Africa, should adopt and adapt the institutional structures applied in Malaysia and the United States of America (USA). Their institutional structures support a high level body that includes both the political representation and private sector, SMMEs associations, higher education institutions including civil society representation in its composition. This way, social partners would be enabled to influence policy and programme development in relation to the SMME industry. The thesis emphasises the important role of a partnerships approach in implementing development programmes. Further, the thesis argues that what is vital is to listen and incorporate the needs of the business owners, and ensure that policies and programmes meet the expectations of the SMMEs.
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Rose, Benita. "The impact of micro-enterprise training on SME development – A case study from rural Dominican Republic." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6801.
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Masters in Public Administration - MPAIn the Dominican Republic (DR) the development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in rural areas is of great importance because SMEs generate employment and increase local capacity in areas with the highest poverty rates in the country. Ultimately, SME development can contribute to poverty alleviation especially in rural areas. Micro-enterprise training as a form of capacity development initiatives aim at effective empowerment of entrepreneurs and prospective entrepreneurs, which allow them to build capacities to develop their business. These capacities will enhance their ability to ensure sustainability of decisions that influence their quality of life. So far, very little research has been conducted on the precise effects and overall effectiveness of SME-related training in the Dominican Republic. Against this background, it is of great benefit to evaluate impacts of micro-enterprise training initiatives on the development of SMEs in rural DR, in order to find out which factors stimulate the creation and growth of enterprises and which factors hinder their development. This allows effective adjustments of future support initiatives in the development sector and it contributes to the existing empirical evidence base in this field. This study applies Human Capital Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour as theoretical frameworks to analyze impacts of micro-enterprise training on SME development. Secondary data for this study was drawn from the Dominican tourism-project La Ruta del Cacao, applying a mixed-method approach for the data collection. Quantitative research methods in the form of a semi-structured questionnaire helped to quantify the impacts of provided micro-enterprise training. Qualitative methods in the form of Focus Group Discussions allowed an in-depth analysis of training impacts on respondents, with the aim of identifying influencing factors, especially those which the theoretical framework may not have covered. The theoretical discussion of this study identified that entrepreneurial intentions are mediated by the attitude toward entrepreneurship, perceived subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. The empirical results show that the provided training is likely to have slightly improved the participants attitude towards enterprise creation. Perceived subjective norms have not decreased due to the training and appear not to have played a role in the participants decision to start or not start a business. The participants perceived behavioural control is not likely to have increased due to the training. On the other hand, results indicate that the training provided participants with useful entrepreneurship-related skills and knowledge. Overall, the participants entrepreneurial intentions slightly improved as a result of the training. However, the impact of these outputs on SME development was rather modest. Identified external factors which influenced the participants entrepreneurial behaviour were a lack of capital, job loss, having a family to take care of, being part of an entrepreneurial family and the existence of an entrepreneurial role model. Intrinsic characteristics were identified as the most influential in demonstrating successful entrepreneurial behaviour and SME creation. The findings of this research contribute firstly to the existing evidence base of micro-enterprise training impacts in rural Dominican Republic. In addition, the findings contribute to the literature base on applications of both Human Capital Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour in the field of entrepreneurship education.
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Addero-Radier, B. "Investigating entrepreneurship as the nexus to mainstreaming the micro enterprise informal sector: A case study of blue chip companies in the Nairobi Securities Exchange and government organizations tasked with mainstreaming the micro enterprise jua kali sector in Kenya." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22875.
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Background The process of mainstreaming the informal sector into the formal sector in Kenya has been considered and evaluated from as early as the 1970 as a means of poverty reduction and job creation. Information available on mainstreaming from the formal sector and government in Kenya indicate that both these sectors appreciate the value of mainstreaming the informal sector, however both parties have been unable to successfully mainstream the informal sector into the formal sector more than 40 years on. The relationship between the three sectors has also been reviewed and both the formal and government sector are cognizant of the need to create an enabling environment that would foster the mainstreaming process through an appropriate legal and regulatory framework. Methods The study follows a case study approach underpinned by an interpretive foundation. An extensive published literature, secondary data on the informal sector and grey-literature search on mainstreaming was conducted between 2006 and 2010. Between 2007 and 2008 a survey was conducted a threepronged approach to allow independent surveys of the informal sector as represented by the three largest jua kali (Kiswahili words for 'hot sun' which signifies outdoor exposure characterising the informal sector trade) markets in Kenya, namely Gikomba, Kariobangi and Kawangware. The government institutions mandated with various responsibilities for the informal sector as represented by blue chip companies on the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE), today known as The Nairobi Securities Exchange and the government sector represents the formal sector. Stringent criteria were applied to select the sample data where random sampling was used for the informal sector in the three named markets. Survey sample size for the informal sector was 539. The survey was conducted between 2007-2008. The survey for the selected blue chip companies was conducted in 2008. The findings from the survey precipitated the need to conduct a survey within the government sector, specifically with the government bodies and ministries with the mandate to facilitate the development of the jua kali sector. Face to face interviews using open-ended questionnaires was used to collect the data and identify opportunities for mainstreaming and integration amongst the three sectors. The effects of this association was interrogated and evaluated in order to identify opportunities that can establish a sustainable and long-term mainstreaming process for the informal sector in Kenya.
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Esekow, Jeremy. "An exploratory study of behavioural finance insights in the Small, Medium and Micro-Enterprise creditworthiness assessment process." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10454.
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Financial institutions are often reluctant to lend to smaller entrepreneurs due to perceived information asymmetry and lack of available collateral. At the nascent and new entrepreneurial levels, it is generally more difficult for loan applicants to provide the information required to secure the necessary funds. Inadequate financial information coupled with uninformative credit histories heighten the information opacity thus diminishing the entrepreneur's prospects of securing loan funding. Viable entrepreneurial projects may therefore remain unfunded largely due to uncertainty rather than riskiness. This study therefore highlights the creditworthiness assessment process and seeks to address the information opacity problem by looking to alternative sources of entrepreneurial information that may aid the loan officer.
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Wamaitha, Mary. "Micro-enterprise finance as an empowerment tool for women-owned businesses: lessons from Kenya and South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29021.
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The dualism of South Africa's economy is reflected, most notably, in the country's high Gini coefficient which in 2010 was recorded at 63.14. The recent labour and social unrest in the country may be attributed in part to the socio-economic disparity between the first and second economy. Twenty-one per cent of the population lives on R1 000 or less. The majority of the population, 52 per cent, lives on R1 800 a month. Furthermore, only 29 per cent of the adult population in South Africa is employed full time. The unemployment rate in 2011 was 24.9 per cent and the unemployment rate for women remained higher than the national average between 2008 and 2012. Although the unemployment rate for both men and women increased in 2012, women were 1, 2 times more likely to be unemployed than men. The South African government has made some strides in alleviating poverty through various interventions, including formulating a job creation strategy aiming to create 5 million new jobs by 2020, providing social grants to the poor and adopting policies such as the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment policy support to promote black-owned businesses. However, the financial services sector has not been sufficiently addressed in these interventions despite the pressing need for reforms. There are currently six leading or mainstream banks which provide the full spectrum of financial services to the South African population. Many of these banks provide little or no access to the marginalised groups in society including women and alternative sources of finance for the poor are also limited. This study proffers that microfinance can be an effective mechanism which can be used to deliver financial services to the unbanked or those who only have access to informal banking services. More specifically, it focuses on how microfinance can be used to empower women and promote the growth and sustainability amongst women. The main objectives of the study are to identify and assess the critical success factors and shortcomings of the Kenyan microfinance model, which is well-developed and regulated and make recommendations for the South African microfinance sector. The study places specific emphasis on microfinance models tailored for women and women-owned businesses. The research approach adopted in this study was intended to be flexible, explorative and comparative. It draws from the lending models applied by Equity Bank in Kenya and Women's Development Business in South Africa. Both primary and secondary data was used in order to achieve the objectives of the study. The key findings of the study reveal that, the critical success factors of microfinance institutions which lend to women include the adoption of a multi-faceted lending methodology, group-based and individual lending, encouragement and facilitation of savings. Other critical success factors are educational and business skills training interventions and product innovation and diversification to meet the needs of these women.
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Naidoo, Hilton Abraham. "Determining the enterprise success factors within a select group of retailing micro enterprises in Site C Khayelitsha." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5138.
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Magister Commercii - MComThe research identified Site C area of Khayelitsha, a township in the Western Cape province of South Africa, as the case study. Khayelitsha has an estimated population of 1.2 million people, and has about 22 sub-sections or areas. Khayelitsha is made up of old formal areas and new informal/formal areas. Site C, is an area which was built up around one of the old formal areas, and contains a high number of informal settlements, RDP houses, and informal backyard dwellers. The study’s primary objective is to identify what factors the business owners themselves regard as being critical for their own personal success, as well as that of the business they own. The secondary objectives were to determine what the make-up of these identified success factors were, and what their respective contribution was to the overall success of the business, as well as what interventions (if any) could make these identified success factors more effective. Qualitative data was requested from each of the participants over the various questionnaire development phases, to obtain a basic and detailed picture of each owner and their business, and to enable a detailed descriptive analysis of each participant. During the literature reviews of the Small Medium and Micro Enterprise (SMME) sector in South Africa, many sources identified the possible failure factors. These failure factors had extensive references to studies which focused primarily on the small and medium enterprises versus the micro enterprises component. The level of data available on micro enterprises indicated a significantly lower level of relevant data, than the data available on the small and medium enterprises component. The identification of the success factors is equally important as a valuable contributor to understanding the significant failure rate of start-up businesses within the SMME sector in South Africa. This thesis will consult literature studies that discuss these challenges. It will have an emphasis on the micro enterprise sub-sector within the broader SMME sector. The inequitable number of data between the micro enterprises and the small to medium enterprises is confirmed by the literature review. The core focus of the research is to hear from the established micro entrepreneurs themselves and what they identified over the course of their business existence, as being the key factors that enabled their success to date, as well as moving toward the future. The findings indicated that success factors are indeed identifiable from the entrepreneurs themselves. These factors included the education and training level of the entrepreneur, the entrepreneurial capacity of the entrepreneur, the access to financial resources, the specific business retail mix and the uniqueness of the specific business within its immediate locality. Whilst the owners’ success (and by default the business as well) is the priority of this research, the equally important failure rate of small business initiatives in South Africa is of concern, and are the proverbial other side of the coin. Small businesses are playing a vital part in our global economy and in particular in terms of job creation and poverty alleviation. The two pillars of the governments micro enterprise rollout is through the Department of Social Development via poverty alleviation programs which have at their core, essentially micro enterprise formation. The other pillar is via the Department of Trade and Industry in respect of job creation and empowerment as objectives. In South Africa much emphasis throughout the Integrated Small Business Strategy is placed by national, provincial and local governments on Small, Medium and Micro enterprises (SMMEs), to drive job creation and poverty alleviation. Therefore, an investigation into the factors contributing to the success of SMMEs is of vital importance. Recent changes in statistical data gathering methodologies have enabled greater understanding of the contribution of especially the smaller enterprises in the informal sector. The extensive literature consulted, put this figure as high as 80% of economic activity in developing countries. This by itself makes it critically important as an employment option for the retrenched, school leavers, graduates and the unemployed in general. Only willing participants were interviewed and were randomly selected based on the criterion of being in business continuously, for at least 5 years. This target population’s value is unique because they fall into the 20% category of small businesses who survive the first 3.5 years of business, as well as being in the even more elite and valuable niche of 2.10% of South Africans who are running firms older than 3.5 years. These two features are both exceptional and generates’ a unique further study opportunity. The opportunity is to identify why the other 80% of start-ups failed over the initial 12 - 48 month period since start-up. The specific focus area of this research is to identify the success factors of retail micro enterprises located within the case study area, being Site C Khayelitsha. The broad findings of the study of successful retail micro-enterprise owners in Site C Khayelitsha, indicate that their prior quality of education, the presence of role models in their social circle influenced their motivational aspect to start a business, their personal management skills levels were a significant feature in their success as well their exposure to, and understanding of business and how it works; were all crucial to their success.
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Bird, Jessica. "Micro-Enterprise Development for Dalit Women in Rural India: An Analysis of the Implications of “Women's Empowerment”." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1286.
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The overall purpose of this study is to assess various market-based versus aid based approaches to financial autonomy for Dalit women in rural India and the goals and assumptions of the multiple stakeholders involved in each method (mainly, national and international NGOs, the state, and micro-finance organizations). I argue that approaches to income generation such as entrepreneurship, capital investment, and skill building, are based on similar objectives of economic agency, but ultimately lend to different results because of their varying assumptions about “women’s empowerment.” By separating these approaches into three methods of income generation based on their objective to promote either wages, labor, or capital, the political incentives of each stakeholder becomes more clear. The research presented in my literature review ultimately led me to predict that for Dalit women in India to experience financial autonomy, wage labor that produces immediate outcomes is a more viable route to overall empowerment than entrepreneurship due to its cultural constraints women fact. However, after analyzing my comparative case studies which focused on three different methods of handicraft and textile production facilitated through state, institutional, private stakeholders, I began to see how a a multiple-income generating approach, such as combining the resources of NGOs, micro-finance, and the state, reduces caste and gender barriers to entrepreneurship. Through a feminist and Marxist analysis, I assess the problems that occur when actors determine a blanket approach to empowering all women without considering their diverse contexts, and more specifically, how different identities and standpoints work to inform and oppress notions of empowerment. My interviews with experts in the field have led me to recommend that methods of income generation facilitated through grassroots Self Help Groups is the best way for rural, Dalit women to women to achieve economic agency.
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Miti, Nkazimlo. "Analysing ICT Investment by Micro-enterprises in the Western Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6938.
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Magister Commercii (Information Management) - MCom(IM)Micro-enterprises solve many socio-economic issues facing developing nations because of their large contribution to economic development and progress. Micro-enterprises have been influenced by the continued globalisation, digitisation and modernisation of business practices. As a result, micro-enterprises’ are investing in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to enhance enterprise and economic growth, performance, productivity and a competitive advantage. However, the benefits of these investments are not always realised, often because of the ad hoc nature in which micro-enterprises function and a lack of formalised methods and strategy. When these are not realised, micro-enterprise suffer in terms of competitiveness, performance and returns. Maturity models, are tools that help solve issues relating to an enterprise’s current status in terms of its capabilities and resources, and how these issues can be improved. Maturity models may present the ideal solution for micro-enterprise to invest in ICT. Larger enterprises have been able to use maturity models for strategic ICT investments realising benefits. The benefits of using maturity models as a guide to ICT investment include: saving on long-term operational and tactical costs, self-evaluation and linking business and ICT strategy among others. This research sought to determine how micro-enterprises in the Western Cape can use a maturity model in planning strategy for investments in ICT. Data was gathered from micro-enterprises and their stakeholders to find the best maturity model fit. These model fitness considered the entire internal and external environmental factors influencing micro-enterprise ICT investment decision-making. The research investigated micro-enterprises, their current practices, focus and strategic, tactical and operational behaviour in terms of business and ICT. Of the 34 micro-enterprises that took part, most them knew of the concept of growth and maturity of the enterprise, they used none discernable metric to measure their internal and external activities regarding ICT investment. It highlighted the alignment of business and ICT as a major issue that needed to be addressed in order for micro-enterprises to be competitive, improve performance and returns. The recommended model from the research provides a formalised process that covers both the micro-enterprises internal and external matrices when deciding on the ICT investment to be made.
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Carlson, Andrew F. "Small Business and the 2010 FIFA World Cup: The Use of Communication Technology in South African Micro-Enterprise." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1273587777.
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Jati, Kasuma Ali. "The effects of ethnicity and religiosity on loyalty of micro-enterprise owenrs' towards banks : an application in Malaysia." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10045/document.
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Le but de cette étude est d'acquérir une compréhension de la structure et des déterminants des propriétaires de micro-Entreprises, vis-À-Vis leur fidélité à leur banque préférée. En utilisant à la fois les banque locales et internationales en Malaisie comme objet d'étude, la recherche exploratoire a été réalisée pour évaluer le niveau de fidélité du propriétaire envers leurs banques et l'effet de l'ethnicité et la religiosité. La collecte des données comprenait des études pilotes, ré-Analyse de la littérature publiée, en passant par deux méthodes principales. Illuminée par la "théorie des échanges sociaux", cette étude a également tenté d'intégrer les résultats en apparence d'antécédents loyauté au services de marketing et bancaire / la littérature financière des institutions. Sur les premières données majeures de cette étude, 20 informateurs ont fourni un aperçu comparatif de la nature des cinq raisons qui attirent les propriétaires de micro-Entreprises: réputation de la banque, qualité du service perçue, qualité de la relation, l'ethnicité et la religiosité. Ces deux derniers semblaient être des thème émergents et ont été établis dans cette étude. La deuxième partie des données majeures de cette étude ont été recueillies par les enquêtes de 356 clientèles de diverses banques conventionnelles et islamiques. Les hypothèses sur les relations ont été testées par l'analyse des facteurs et la régression. Les résultats attendus pourraient donner une orientation importante pour le développement du cadre holistique pour expliquer la formation et la structure de la fidélisation cliente envers la banque et des services financiersThe purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the structure and determinants of micro-Enterprise owners’ loyalty towards their favorite banks. Using both local and international banks in Malaysia as the focus of study, an exploratory research was carried out to assess micro-Enterprise owners’ level of loyalty to their banks and the effect of ethnicity and religiosity. Data collection included pilot studies, re-Analysis of published literature, and using two major methods. Guided by the Social Exchange Theory, the study also attempted to, integrate the seemingly findings of loyalty antecedents from services marketing and banking/financial institutions literature. In the first major study, 20 informants provided insights into the nature of five reasons for micro-Enterprises owner’s : Bank’s Reputation, Perceived Service Quality, and Relationship Quality are salient themes as well as Ethnicity and Religiosity which appeared to be a new emerging themes. A second major study collected survey data from 356 bank’s business customers of various conventional and Islamic banks. Hypotheses relationships were tested through factors analysis and regression. This study finding could provide important direction for the development of the holistic framework to explain the formation and structure of micro-Enterprise owners’ loyalty towards banking and financial services industries
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Peter, Wuraola. "Financial Barriers and Response Strategies to Support Women Entrepreneurs in Rural Nigeria." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42689.
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Women entrepreneurs play increasingly important roles in job creation and sustainable economic growth in developing economies, including sub-Saharan Africa. While Nigeria has made progress in closing gender gaps in women’s employment rights, financial inclusion and access to resources remain challenges for many women who seek to start and grow businesses. Barriers to venture creation are particularly problematic for women entrepreneurs living in rural Nigeria. Yet, few studies have examined women entrepreneurs’ access to capital in the context of rural Nigeria, including the perceived value of informal lenders and government support programs. This thesis informs the literature by reporting on women entrepreneurs who own and operate retail micro-enterprises in rural, South-West Nigeria, specifically Atakunmosa West, Osun State. The study findings demonstrate the value and limitations of informal lenders, such as Ajo and Esusu, in bridging institutional voids in banking practices and technology-enabled money services. Drawing on the social feminist and resource-based theory, the study advances a conceptual model of the gendered context of financial inclusion and considers the implications for research and policy.
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Masama, Bruce Taona. "The Utilisation of Enterprise Risk Management in Fast-Food Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises Operating in the Cape Peninsula." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2657.
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Thesis (MTech (Internal Auditing))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.It is widely accepted that small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) are pivotal to any country’s economic growth. In a South African dispensation, these business entities are believed to be the panacea to the economic challenges facing the country. Consequently, a number of initiatives have been deployed by national government to assist these business entities, inter alia, the formation of the Ministry of Small Business Development in 2014. Notwithstanding government support these business entities have received over the years, the sustainability of South African SMMEs still remains among the worst in the world. One of the main cited reasons for this weak sustainability is a lack of management skills, particularly risk management skills. Taking the latter into account, it comes as no surprise that previous studies show that South African SMMEs make use of customised risk management initiatives which are regarded as inadequate and/or ineffective. For this research study, the main objective was to determine the extent to which South African SMMEs utilise enterprise risk management (ERM) – a formal approach to manage risks in a holistic manner. To achieve the latter, a literature review was conducted from which relevant terms were conceptualised (see Chapter 2). Subsequently, primary data were collected using questionnaires, while taking into account various ethical considerations, and gleaned responses were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics (see Chapter 4). Although the inferential statistics suggested that the sampled South African SMMEs made use of ERM initiatives, further investigation revealed that these initiatives were used by chance as opposed to choice. Hence, it was concluded that these entities did not make use of ERM. In essence the results echoed the notion from scholarly literature that South African SMMEs unknowingly use ERM initiatives which are customised, inadequate and/or ineffective. Stemming from the conclusions reached, relevant recommendations were articulated to assist these business entities towards the implementation of ERM in a structured manner.
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Sikazwe, Dennis. "An assessment of knowledge use and knowledge management maturity among the micro, small and meduim enterprise sector in Zambia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13919.
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The focus of this study was to establish the knowledge use and Knowledge Management (KM) maturity among the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Sector in Zambia. This is a domain that has received little attention in the Zambian business and economics literature, partially because of the newness of KM as a business concept. Knowledge Management is a very important aspect as far as innovation and competitiveness are concerned in the knowledge economy. Since the inception of the open market economy in Zambia in 1992 and the move to diversify Zambia's national economy from state control into private hands, the MSMEs still seem to be struggling with lack of innovation and competitiveness. Despite several attempts to boost the sector's viability, little success has been recorded.
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Hlabeli, Batloung. "The influence of mobile payments on the choices and functionings of Micro and Small Enterprise (MSE) entrepreneurs in Lesotho." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32680.
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Background: This study explores the significance of ICT on the capabilities of unbanked MSE entrepreneurs in Lesotho. MSE entrepreneurs are the primary source of income for their families, especially in the context of developing countries. Accordingly, MSEs are fundamental instruments for economic growth, poverty alleviation and source of employment in developing countries. Hence, the country that invests in this business sector is a step closer to accomplishing its MDGs. Purpose: The study explored and empirically assessed the influence of mobile payments among MSE entrepreneurs through a capabilities lens. Given that MSEs are crucial for developing countries, the targeted participants were MSE entrepreneurs from diverse trading industries in Lesotho. Research methodology: The methodology for this study was qualitative. Exploratory and descriptive research methods were used to evaluate the influence of mobile payments on the capabilities of MSE entrepreneurs. This study adopted Kleine's Choice Framework to explore and empirically assess the benefits of mobile payments among MSE entrepreneurs. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews and field notes and analysed using thematic analysis. Key Findings: The findings revealed the use of M-Pesa within the MSE sector enabled microentrepreneurs to accomplish their goals. The findings show that M-Pesa leads to the growth of MSEs. Therefore, entrepreneurs in the MSE business sector are capable of providing food, shelter and clothes for their families through income generated from their enterprises. Additionally, MSE entrepreneurs bank, transfer and receive money through accessible and available mobile payment platforms. However, these entrepreneurs face issues such as network failure, withdrawal amount limits and security risks while using mobile payments. Value of the study: The study contributes to the existing ICT4D and mobile payments literature in Lesotho by discussing the influence of mobile payment through the Choice Framework.
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Cunha, Junior Ailton Menezes. "Mortalidade e sobrevivência da micro e pequena empresa no Estado da Paraíba (2001-2005): uma abordagem institucional." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2009. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5035.
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Worldwide, productive small and micro business is responsible for most employment and each year advances offers of employment and occupation in new market segments gained by outsourcing and technological innovations. However, small business mortality rates remain high, being recorded that 29% of new businesses go out of business within the first year of activity and 56% close within five years. This study aimed to analyze the situation of micro and small enterprises in the state of Paraiba during the period from 2001 to 2005 by identifying the key factors that influence the vitality these units, their institutional arrangements and the impact of institutional changes on them. The results discussed here allow the inference that the reasons for success or failure reported by small business, the reasons for longevity or premature closure of resides with the manager. The formulation of strategies, due to their own limitations, does not occur in a fully rational manner, and their cognitive abilities, subordinate to personal values, beliefs and interests form the "gap" between their organization´s performance and isomorphic structures. The decisions of the manager outline the "organizational field" of the company and the interpretation of the environment can lead from a condition of conformity, which as response to the environment required by the organizational structure of the business achieves legitimacy, to an unfaithful attitude which may be a reactive mechanism seeking to solve conditions arising from the environment or to find shelter form them, or even the development of a sham in which the response to institutional requirements and pressures of the environment is ritualized and apparent but has at it´s heart the exploitation of inconsistent situations or conflict.
Em todo o mundo, as unidades produtivas de micro e pequeno porte são responsáveis pela maioria dos postos de trabalho e avançam a cada ano na oferta de emprego e na ocupação de novos segmentos de mercado conquistados através da terceirização e das inovações tecnológicas. Todavia, as taxas de mortalidade das MPEs permanecem altas sendo registrado que 29% das novas empresas encerram suas atividades antes de completar um ano de atividade e 56% fecham em cinco anos. O presente trabalho analisou a situação das micro e pequenas empresas do estado da Paraíba no período de 2001 a 2005 identificando os principais fatores que influenciam a vitalidade dessas unidades produtivas, seus arranjos institucionais e o impacto de mudanças institucionais sobre as mesmas. Os resultados aqui discutidos permitiram inferir que dos motivos de sucesso e fracasso relatados pelas MPEs, as explicações para a longevidade ou para o encerramento prematuro das MPEs residem no empresário. A formulação das suas estratégias que, devido as suas próprias limitações, não ocorre de maneira plenamente racional e sua capacidade cognitiva, submissa ao seu conjunto de valores, crenças e interesses, constituem o diferencial entre as organizações no que concerne aos seus resultados, mesmo que possuam estruturas isomórficas. As decisões do empresário delineiam o campo organizacional da empresa e a interpretação do ambiente poderá a uma condição de conformidade, na qual estará respondendo ao ambiente consoante as exigências desse e da estrutura organizacional da sua empresa obtendo, portanto, legitimidade; a uma condição de infidelidade através da qual sua atitude poderá ser reacionária onde buscará mecanismos para anular as ações decorrentes do ambiente ou delas se abrigar; ou ainda desenvolver uma impostura onde a resposta aos requisitos institucionais e às pressões do ambiente é ritualizada e aparente, mas tem como cerne a exploração de situações conflitantes e inconsistentes.
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Guerra, Fábio. "Análise das necessidades para MPES fornecerem para empresa focal : um estudo da cadeia de fornecedores da Petrobras." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/127210.
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O presente trabalho resulta de uma investigação sobre os requisitos para micro e pequenas empresas (MPES) para realizarem o fornecimento para empresa focal: PETROBRAS. Trata-se de um estudo realizado usando os requisitos necessários para credenciamento e fornecimento na empresa estatal PETROBRAS, cujos sujeitos de pesquisa foram empresas que fornecem ou desejam fornecer para a cadeia produtiva petróleo, gás e energia (CPPGE). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e fontes documentais. A análise dos dados deu-se à luz do referencial teórico pertinente, com base analisada na indústria de petróleo nacional, pesquisa em relação ao trabalho nas micro e pequenas empresas, e no SEBRAE (Serviço de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas) através de sua interveção de ações para o mercado-alvo. Os resultados indicam os requisitos necessários para que empresas dentro do perfil analisado, micro e pequenas empresas da serra gaúcha, na melhora de seus processos, capacitação, desenvolvimento técnico e busca por certificações, para poderem habilitar seus negócios no portal de fornecimento Petronect. Assim, passar a fornecer em um mercado que apresenta nível superior de exigência e de remuneração para sua cadeia produtiva.This work is an investigation of the requirements to small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) to act as suppliers of PETROBRAS, a focal company. This is a study that evaluates the requirements for accreditation and supply of PETROBRAS, a state-owned enterprise that operates in the Oil & Gas industry sector. The research subjects of this study were companies that provides or are willing to provide for this industry sector. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and documental sources. Data analysis was given in the light of relevant theoretical framework, from domestic Oil & Gas industry, researches over the relation of small and medium-sized enterprises on this market, and SEBRAE (Serviço de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas) through its intervention plans of action on the target market. The results presents the requirements for companies within the analyzed profile, small and medium-sized enterprises in Serra Gaúcha, the needs in terms of process improvements, training, technical development and search for certifications, in order to enable their business in Petronect delivery portal and, doing so, play a role in a market that has top-level requirement and incomes for its supply chain network.
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Huntington, Corey L. B. "When the bottom line isn't the end of the story, women's experiences with micro-enterprise, credit and empowerment in Mbeya, Tanzania." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0006/MQ36828.pdf.
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Matshedisho, Knowledge Rajohane. "Small, medium and micro enterprise promotion in the Western Cape clothing industry : the way forward for SMME's promotion in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3863.
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The object of this dissertation is to describe the extent to which the government has assisted small, medium and micro enterprises (SMME's) in the Western Cape clothing industry. The ultimate aim is to propose a way forward in the light of what the government has done so far in terms of SMME's promotion since 1994 and the recent economic and social developments in South Africa and abroad. The study is targeted at SMME's that are owned by previously disadvantaged communities in the Western Cape metropolitan area. It does not focus on well-established SMME's. The government's SMME's promotion strategy emphasises the need to economically empower previously disadvantaged communities through measures such as SMME's promotion in those communities. It is for this reason that I chose to research this category of SMME's. The observation of this dissertation is that the government has been successful in coming up with the strategy for SMME's promotion and setting up structures for implementation in order to overcome barriers to the growth of SMME's in South Africa. However, there is still work to be done towards the success of these SMME's with primary responsibility falling on local business service centres as grassroots organisations. Bibliography: leaves 168-178.
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Tang, Shih Wei, and 唐詩偉. "Micro-enterprise in Mobile Dining Cars." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95804220035310309741.
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碩士亞洲大學
休閒與遊憩管理學系碩士在職專班
103
This study is discussed a micro-enterprise of dinning car, and entrepreneurs’ marketing strategy and exploration modes. By discussing the study to understand why a dinning car business does not exist long. In the thesis, by interviewing 9 operators of dinning cars who have been in the business for more than three years, and by analyzing venture business modes and personality traits to generalize main elements of successful venture of dinning cars. Through the study, besides visual creation can attract customers, there is an important reason which is an operating attitude of entrepreneur. An issue of a dinning car which is pointed out is a different operation modes which is transformed from a vendor to a modified car. Although flexibility has been improved, the real operation has problems and troubles due to a car. Meanwhile, entrepreneurs has difficulties to conquer struggles such as can not under control a period of transforming of products, he/she is passive to attend a team, or does not choose a good spot etc. that causes entrepreneur to give up. An entrepreneur of micro-enterprise also needs five bases of management that are “produce, selling, person, invent, finance”. Moreover, it is also important to have non-stop experiences of marketing, and to need stable and mature personalities and attitude. By experienced operators of dinning cars and analyzing transition timing, to provide new entrepreneurs successful elements, motivate their spirit and attitude to new invention which are needed while using dinning car to start a micro-enterprise.
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Makhubele, Teleni Abigail. "The impact of enterprise development value proposition on small and micro enterprise growth." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/14385.
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M.Com.Small, medium and micro enterprise (SMME) prioritization is a collaborative effort by both the government and the private sector. The SA government called for support through the 1995 White Paper on National Strategy for the Development and Promotion of Small Business. The recent establishment (May 2014) of the Ministry of Small Business Development reinforces the strategic role of SMMEs in the South African economy. The prominent role played by SMMEs cannot be overemphasized...
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Sheng, Sheng-Yung, and 薛永昇. "A study of IT outsourcing on Micro-Enterprise." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39303400547361771373.
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碩士中國文化大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
102
According to a CEPD economic research department study pointed out that Taiwan industries 80% are micro-enterprises (Micro-Enterprise), is Taiwan's economic base. Due to the large micro-enterprises cannot apply mutatis mutandis and put enough manpower or funding to employ information professionals, information about how to use outsourcing programmers, reduce operating costs, enhance the competitiveness of micro-enterprises, has become a business owner, in the Internet age have to deal with an important issue. Therefore, the purpose of this study will explore the important factors in micro-enterprises, outsourcing of information, expected to sum up a decision-making model that easy, for micro-business owners make decisions about select outsourcing vendors reference. The research method will first literature review and interviews with experts to assess the factors summarized IT outsourcing micro-enterprises, and so assess the factors, and then import the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP), to construct hierarchical structure and evaluation indicators of IT outsourcing, after then by information specialists and business owners advice, computing hierarchical structure evaluation index weights, the results show information specialists and business owners the most important facets of service capabilities 0.334 weights less important for the team management capabilities 0.241 weight, and professional competence 0.218 weight, and finally the outsourcing service quotation 0.207 weight, the results of the study can also be aggregated for decision-making mode micro-enterprise IT outsourcing solutions, then so future decision-making model to help micro-business owners choose the right outsourcing vendor or information outsourcing solutions. Keywords: micro-enterprises, IT outsourcing, Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP
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李寧寧. "General insurance needs analysis for micro business enterprise." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80382863609434203988.
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CHENG, CHIA-FANG, and 鄭佳芳. "Qualitative Research on Micro-enterprise of Hairdressing Industry." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4vx24m.
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碩士東方設計大學
時尚美妝設計系
106
Entrepreneurship refers to the innovative and profit-creating behavior conducted by entrepreneurs through the combination of different kind of production factors under risks and uncertainties. In Taiwan, micro-enterprise refers to those companies with a number of employee from 4 -10. According to Pan-Asia HR’s research, Beauty and Hairdressing Industry is the second choice of female entrepreneurship. This paper chooses Hairdressing Industry to conduct qualitative research, through depth interview with the entrepreneurs and the methodology triangulation of their friends, to collect the personality, motivation and process of their entrepreneurship, their interaction with customer and their financial and HR management. Through the induction, analysis and interpretation of the transcripts, we try to give the strategy of sustainable operation. Based on the transcripts, we noticed that those entrepreneurs have the following personality: (1) serving and caring; (2) innovative and is sensitive to pop culture; (3) introspective and is willing to learn; (4) charming and confident; (5) sincere and is willing to share with their clients. The motivation of their entrepreneurship includes: (1) interest, care for beauty and fulfillment; (2) profit seeking; (3) flexible on work time and place; (4) self-fulfillment. The interaction with clients includes: (1) professional skill; (2) best service; (3) be their friends. Strategy of sustainable operation includes: (1) customer satisfaction; (2) service and specialty; (3) professional skills; (4) sharing and passing down; (5) appropriate decoration and comfortable environment; (6) respected and thoughtful; (7) doing things by themselves; (8) complete management planning which includes: [1] enhance cost analysis and establish SOP to control cost and improve efficiency and profit; [2] pay attention to employee benefits and profession growth. The conclusion of the research could be used as the reference for future entrepreneurs.
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Yang, Zhi-Hao, and 楊智皓. "Investigation of Micro-Enterprise Business Model Planning via Service Design." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53099895782245736955.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
創意生活設計系
104
The word “design” has been taken care a lot by enterprises in Taiwan. However, due to experts of designing have oversupplied, led to the unfavorable of employment market. Thanks to the technology and Internet, launching a business was not a dream. A lot of fresh men of designing began from SOHO studio, and then step by step became the real startups. However, under the situation of lacking of sources, in the beginning, start a business was difficult. How to supervisor myself and create a designing system that be able to meet customers’ requirements were the most important issue for entrepreneurs. This research was created for service design, and deeply monitor the gaps of startup plans and designing process. Therefore, developing motivated “service” through this new pattern of thinking, and build the “business mode” that fit the operation in companies. This research took 3 groups that took design as the centerpiece of their operation cases as the sample. 3 groups have accepted design services as client samples, and put all advises from interviews with open-coding pattern in order to aggregate the data. Investigating the conditions that startups need from literatures and the experiences of designing. In addition, finding the gaps of designing programs through the blue prints of service design and positive and negative suggestions from clients to get the solution from the data. According to the result of this research found motivated and positive attitude was the basic mental quality for micro-startups in Taiwan. In terms of investment, having the imprest cash would efficiently improve startups’ professional development during prime time. In terms of skill, it must improve its professional skills in order to get positive value from clients. In terms of communication, it should express the precise information to clients by the development of communication skills. Moreover, from clients’ suggestions for design projects we found out that “the way of communication and attitude”, “respect clients’ advises” and “time” were the key points would decide whether to get good feedback or bad feedback from clients. For these points, service design should take users’ comments as core value to create the biggest profit. Using institutional and transparent way to plan the design process, and it would increase the speed of projects conducting. Visualizing the design process would beneficial for clients to image the appearance of the completed items, and collect technical process from every professional area in validity period to achieve the goal. This research was based on concept of service design used for discussing the business pattern of micro entrepreneur. If people follow suggestions above, they will have more chances to create good systems for clients.
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Kuo, Chiung-Hsia, and 郭瓊霞. "A Study on the Mentality of Female Micro-enterprise Entrepreneur." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5htwth.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
人力資源發展系碩士班
104
As the knowledge-based economy and the increased female educational opportunities in 21st century, resulting in structural changes in global human resources, female thereafter has more diversified choices and opportunities for career planning and employment. Especially, female regards entrepreneurship as the characterization of her career success in the workplace. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the motivation of business startup and the impacts of both personality trait and gender role on business startup of female micro-enterprise entrepreneur. It also explored the difficulty and frustration as well as the adjustment strategy of female entrepreneur during business startup. Qualitative method was used in this study and semi-structured approach was utilized to interview six female entrepreneurs. The finding showed that the motivation of business startup for female was due to economical factor and satisfaction of accomplishment. Also, personality trait and advantage of gender role had positive impacts on female entrepreneurship. Moreover, the difficulty to business startup was led by dilemma between family and business, lack of skills, and insufficient recognition toward the market. Finally, the adjustment strategy to difficulty for female entrepreneur was to participate in mental growth and religious groups, to attend course related to her interest or to go abroad for vacation. Finally, based on understanding the mentality of female entrepreneur, the implication of this study for business startup is that female entrepreneur should review her own advantages, be mentally prepared for facing challenges and responsibilities, set up methods for raising funds, recognize the resource channels, and pay attention to industry updates, and develop innovative related skills and services provided.