Journal articles: 'Micro-CT'

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SCHLADITZ, K. "Quantitative micro-CT." Journal of Microscopy 243, no. 2 (July 18, 2011): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2011.03513.x.

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Ito, Masako. "Assessment of bone quality using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and synchrotron micro-CT." Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism 23, S1 (January 2005): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03026335.

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Croteau, Etienne, Jennifer M. Renaud, and Robert A. deKemp. "Cardiac Micro-PET-CT." Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports 6, no. 2 (January 17, 2013): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12410-012-9188-7.

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Matsui, E. "P-088 Micro CT." Lung Cancer 49 (July 2005): S137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5002(05)80582-3.

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KAMALAK, HAKAN, and HICHAM NUAIMI. "Micro-CT 1172 in Restorative Dentistry." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 1, no. 3 (July 2014): 282–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2014.1.3.26.

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Hupfer, Martin, Tristan Nowak, Robert Brauweiler, Fabian Eisa, and Willi A. Kalender. "Spectral optimization for micro-CT." Medical Physics 39, no. 6Part1 (May 17, 2012): 3229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4718575.

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Durkee, Benjamin Y., Jamey P. Weichert, and Richard B. Halberg. "Small animal micro-CT colonography." Methods 50, no. 1 (January 2010): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2009.07.008.

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Wang, Yiwei, David F. Wertheim, Allan S. Jones, and Allan G. A. Coombes. "Micro-CT in drug delivery." European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 74, no. 1 (January 2010): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.05.008.

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Müller, Bernd R., Axel Lange, Michael Harwardt, and Manfred P. Hentschel. "Synchrotron-Based Micro-CT and Refraction-Enhanced Micro-CT for Non-Destructive Materials Characterisation." Advanced Engineering Materials 11, no. 6 (June 2009): 435–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.200800346.

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Wingham, James Robert, Robert Turner, Joanna Shepherd, and Candice Majewski. "Micro-CT for analysis of laser sintered micro-composites." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 4 (January 2, 2020): 649–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-08-2019-0211.

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Purpose X-Ray-computed micro-tomography (micro-CT) is relatively well established in additive manufacturing as a method to determine the porosity and geometry of printed parts and, in some cases, the presence of inclusions or contamination. This paper aims to demonstrate that micro-CT can also be used to quantitatively analyse the homogeneity of micro-composite parts, in this case created using laser sintering (LS). Design/methodology/approach LS specimens were manufactured in polyamide 12 with and without incorporation of a silver phosphate glass additive in different sizes. The specimens were scanned using micro-CT to characterise both their porosity and the homogeneity of dispersion of the additive throughout the volume. Findings This work showed that it was possible to use micro-CT to determine information related to both porosity and additive dispersion from the same scan. Analysis of the pores revealed the overall porosity of the printed parts, with linear elastic fracture mechanics used to identify any pores likely to lead to premature failure of the parts. Analysis of the additive was found to be possible above a certain size of particle, with the size distribution used to identify any agglomeration of the silver phosphate glass. The particle positions were also used to determine the complete spatial randomness of the additive as a quantitative measure of the dispersion. Practical implications This shows that micro-CT is an effective method of identifying both porosity and additive agglomeration within printed parts, meaning it can be used for quality control of micro-composites and to validate the homogeneity of the polymer/additive mixture prior to printing. Originality/value This is believed to be the first instance of micro-CT being used to identify and analyse the distribution of an additive within a laser sintered part.

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Eberspächer-Schweda, Matthias C., Kira Schmitt, Stephan Handschuh, Andrea Fuchs-Baumgartinger, and Alexander M. Reiter. "Diagnostic Yield of Micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT) Versus Histopathology of a Canine Oral Fibrosarcoma." Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 37, no. 1 (March 2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898756420926519.

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Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging currently gains increased interest in human as well as veterinary medicine. The ability to image 3-dimensional (3D) biopsy specimens nondestructively down to 1 µm spatial resolution makes it a promising tool for microscopic tissue evaluation in addition to histopathology. Visualizing tumor margins and calculating tumor load on 3D reconstructions may also enhance oncological therapies. The objective of this study was to describe the workflow from tumor resection to histopathological diagnosis, using both routine hematoxylin-eosin (HE)-stained sections and micro-CT tomograms on a stage II oral fibrosarcoma in a 7-year-old Hovawart dog. The maxillectomy specimen was fixed with formalin and stained with an X-ray dense soft tissue contrast agent. Micro-CT imaging was done using an ex vivo specimen micro-CT device. Tumor margins could not be exactly determined on micro-CT tomograms due to limited image resolution and contrast. Histopathology was performed after washing out the contrast agent. It showed neoplastic cells infiltrating the surrounding tissue further than assumed from micro-CT images. A total tumor volume of 10.3 cm3 could be calculated based on correlating micro-CT tomograms with HE-stained sections. This correlative approach may be of particular interest for oncological therapy. More than that, micro-CT imaging technology supported histopathology by means of 3D orientation and selection of slices to be cut on determining tumor margins. In this clinical case report, micro-CT imaging did not provide unambiguous clinical evidence for oncological decision-making, but it showed potential to support histopathology and calculate tumor volume for further clinical use.

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Jin, Dan, Han Zheng, Qingqing Zhao, Chunjie Wang, Mengze Zhang, and Huishu Yuan. "Generation of Vertebra Micro-CT-like Image from MDCT: A Deep-Learning-Based Image Enhancement Approach." Tomography 7, no. 4 (November 12, 2021): 767–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tomography7040064.

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This paper proposes a deep-learning-based image enhancement approach that can generate high-resolution micro-CT-like images from multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). A total of 12,500 MDCT and micro-CT image pairs were obtained from 25 vertebral specimens. Then, a pix2pixHD model was trained and evaluated using the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and Fréchet inception distance (FID). We performed subjective assessments of the micro-CT-like images based on five aspects. Micro-CT and micro-CT-like image-derived trabecular bone microstructures were compared, and the underlying correlations were analyzed. The results showed that the pix2pixHD method (SSIM, 0.804 ± 0.037 and FID, 43.598 ± 9.108) outperformed the two control methods (pix2pix and CRN) in enhancing MDCT images (p < 0.05). According to the subjective assessment, the pix2pixHD-derived micro-CT-like images showed no significant difference from the micro-CT images in terms of contrast and shadow (p > 0.05) but demonstrated slightly lower noise, sharpness and trabecular bone texture (p < 0.05). Compared with the trabecular microstructure parameters of micro-CT images, those of pix2pixHD-derived micro-CT-like images showed no significant differences in bone volume fraction (BV/TV) (p > 0.05) and significant correlations in trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) and trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) (Tb.Th, R = 0.90, p < 0.05; Tb.Sp, R = 0.88, p < 0.05). The proposed method can enhance the resolution of MDCT and obtain micro-CT-like images, which may provide new diagnostic criteria and a predictive basis for osteoporosis and related fractures.

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Tsai, Kevin Wen-Kai, Ho-Shiang Chueh, and Jyh-Cheng Chen. "DEVELOPMENT OF PHANTOM FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MICRO-CT." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 20, no. 03 (June 2008): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237208000763.

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Micro-X-ray computed tomography (micro-CT) has several characters such as non-invasive, high spatial resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio, providing three-dimensional volume information. Because micro-CT was utilized in many kinds of research field such as preclinical biomedical study, designing a performance phantom and developing analytic methods to objectively evaluate the performance of micro-CT are very important. In this study, the performance phantom and the analytic methods were developed for performance evaluation of micro-CT. The performance parameters extracted from different CT images including noise, linearity, spatial resolution, and hardware alignment were defined in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Report No. 1 and the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E1695-95. Standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, edge response function, and visualization method were utilized to evaluate noise, linearity, spatial resolution, and hardware alignment, respectively. A digital uniform disk image was utilized to evaluate the accuracy of spatial resolution evaluation method. The physical phantom study was performed to evaluate a home-made micro-CT and a commercial micro-CT (Skyscan 1076). According to these results, the performance phantom and the analytic methods developed in this study have demonstrated their capability to evaluate performance of any micro-CT.

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Bakalova, Totka, Marcela Kolínová, and Petr Louda. "Micro CT Analysis of Geopolymer Composites." Manufacturing Technology 14, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21062/ujep/x.2014/a/1213-2489/mt/14/4/505.

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Mohr, Andreas, Frank Roemer, and Harry Genant. "Analysis of Atherosclerosis with Micro-CT." Radiology 235, no. 1 (April 2005): 338–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2351041633.

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Johnson, Colena, Christopher T. Winkelmann, and L. David Wise. "Fetal skeletal imaging with micro-CT." Reproductive Toxicology 48 (September 2014): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.07.011.

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Mizutani, Ryuta, Rino Saiga, Susumu Takekoshi, Makoto Arai, Akihisa Takeuchi, and Yoshio Suzuki. "Scanning Brain Networks with Micro-CT." Microscopy Today 23, no. 5 (September 2015): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929515000784.

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Williams, James C., James E. Lingeman, Fredric L. Coe, Elaine M. Worcester, and Andrew P. Evan. "Micro-CT imaging of Randall’s plaques." Urolithiasis 43, S1 (August 6, 2014): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00240-014-0702-z.

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Sharma, Kriti Sen, Christian Holzner, Dragoş M. Vasilescu, Xin Jin, Shree Narayanan, Masoud Agah, Eric A. Hoffman, Hengyong Yu, and Ge Wang. "Scout-view assisted interior micro-CT." Physics in Medicine and Biology 58, no. 12 (June 4, 2013): 4297–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/58/12/4297.

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Ko, Chang Yong, Dae Gon Woo, Han Sung Kim, and Beob Yi Lee. "Micro-CT Evaluation in Osteoporosis Model." Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 18, no. 4 (2005): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.11637/kjpa.2005.18.4.283.

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Dawood, Yousif, and Bernadette S. de Bakker. "Micro-CT of Early Human Development." Radiology 297, no. 1 (October 2020): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201660.

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Fisher, Ryan F., and David E. Hintenlang. "Micro-CT Imaging of MEMS Components." Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation 27, no. 4 (October 22, 2008): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10921-008-0039-z.

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Ehling, Josef, Benjamin Theek, Felix Gremse, Sarah Baetke, Diana Möckel, Juliana Maynard, Sally-Ann Ricketts, et al. "Micro-CT Imaging of Tumor Angiogenesis." American Journal of Pathology 184, no. 2 (February 2014): 431–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.10.014.

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Gössl, Mario, Michael D. Bentley, and Lilach O. Lerman. "Review – 3D Micro CT Imaging of Renal Micro-Structural Changes." Nephron Clinical Practice 103, no. 2 (March 10, 2006): c66—c70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000090611.

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Batranin, Andrey, Denis Ivashkov, and Sergei Stuchebrov. "Performance Evaluation of Micro-CT Scanners as Visualization Systems." Advanced Materials Research 1084 (January 2015): 694–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1084.694.

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High-resolution X-ray tomography, also known as micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) or microtomography, is a versatile evaluation technique, which extends application in various fields including material science. Micro-CT is a suitable method for quantitative and dimensional materials characterization. Needless to say, the accuracy of the method and applied equipments – micro-CT scanners – should be assessed to obtain reliable, solid results. In this paper, the performance of a micro-CT scanner as a visualization system is discussed. Quantitative parameters of image quality and visualization systems as well as methods to obtain their numerical values are briefly described. The results of experiments carried out on in-house made micro-CT scanner TOLMI-150-10 developed in Tomsk Polytechnic University are presented.

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Singhal, Anjali, James C. Grande, and Ying Zhou. "Micro/Nano-CT for Visualization of Internal Structures." Microscopy Today 21, no. 2 (March 2013): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929513000035.

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Computed tomography (CT) has been commonly used in medicine for assessing the anatomy of humans in conventional computer axial tomography (CAT) scans. It is also a very common tool for assessing the architecture of trabecular bones for diagnosis of conditions such as osteoporosis. More recently, high-resolution CT (micro-CT) has found increasing use in materials science for the evaluation of the internal structure of a variety of advanced materials for industrial applications. Knowledge of the micro-architecture of these materials is extremely important to better understand their performance. Micro-CT is a non-destructive 3D characterization tool that uses X rays to determine the internal structure of objects through imaging of different densities within the scanned object. High-resolution laboratory-based micro-CT or nano-CT provides image resolution on the order of 300 nm. Such high resolution allows one to visualize the internal 3D structure of fine-scale features. The data from micro-CT results in a virtual rendering of the object under investigation, which allows one to travel through the volume in any direction and angle, revealing complex hidden structures within the object. Thus, micro-CT can be an important complementary technique for a microscopy laboratory.

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Dawood, Y., G. J. Strijkers, J. Limpens, R. J. Oostra, and B. S. de Bakker. "Novel imaging techniques to study postmortem human fetal anatomy: a systematic review on microfocus-CT and ultra-high-field MRI." European Radiology 30, no. 4 (December 13, 2019): 2280–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00330-019-06543-8.

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Abstract Background MRI and CT have been extensively used to study fetal anatomy for research and diagnostic purposes, enabling minimally invasive autopsy and giving insight in human fetal development. Novel (contrast-enhanced) microfocus CT (micro-CT) and ultra-high-field (≥ 7.0 T) MRI (UHF-MRI) techniques now enable micron-level resolution that combats the disadvantages of low-field MRI and conventional CT. Thereby, they might be suitable to study fetal anatomy in high detail and, in time, contribute to the postmortem diagnosis of fetal conditions. Objectives (1) To systematically examine the usability of micro-CT and UHF-MRI to study postmortem human fetal anatomy, and (2) to analyze factors that govern success at each step of the specimen preparation and imaging. Method MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched to identify publications on fetal imaging by micro-CT or UHF-MRI. Scanning protocols were summarized and best practices concerning specimen preparation and imaging were enumerated. Results Thirty-two publications reporting on micro-CT and UHF-MRI were included. The majority of the publications focused on imaging organs separately and seven publications focused on whole body imaging, demonstrating the possibility of visualization of small anatomical structures with a resolution well below 100 μm. When imaging soft tissues by micro-CT, the fetus should be stained by immersion in Lugol’s staining solution. Conclusion Micro-CT and UHF-MRI are both excellent imaging techniques to provide detailed images of gross anatomy of human fetuses. The present study offers an overview of the current best practices when using micro-CT and/or UHF-MRI to study fetal anatomy for clinical and research purposes. Key Points • Micro-CT and UHF-MRI can both be used to study postmortem human fetal anatomy for clinical and research purposes. • Micro-CT enables high-resolution imaging of fetal specimens in relatively short scanning time. However, tissue staining using a contrast solution is necessary to enable soft-tissue visualization. • UHF-MRI enables high-resolution imaging of fetal specimens, without the necessity of prior staining, but with the drawback of long scanning time.

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Troschel, Fabian M., Ravi V. Gottumukkala, Daniel DiCorpo, Julia Mario, Harald C. Ott, Cameron D. Wright, Ashok Muniappan, et al. "Feasibility of Perioperative Micro–Computed Tomography of Human Lung Cancer Specimens: A Pilot Study." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 143, no. 3 (November 20, 2018): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2018-0249-oa.

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Context.— Lesion localization during intraoperative frozen section of lung resection specimens can be challenging. Imaging could aid lesion localization while enabling 3-dimensional specimen analysis. Objective.— To assess the feasibility of integrating micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) into the perioperative evaluation of fresh surgical lung resection specimens. Design.— Fresh lung specimens from patients with a presumptive diagnosis of lung cancer were imaged with micro-CT prior to routine histopathologic and molecular analysis. Micro-CT images were assessed to determine image quality, lesion size, and distance from lesion to the nearest surgical margin. Micro-CT measurements were compared to pathologic measurements using Bland-Altman analysis. Results.— A total of 22 specimens from 21 patients were analyzed (mean image acquisition time, 13 ± 6 minutes). Histologic quality of imaged specimens was indistinguishable from a control group of nonimaged lung specimens. Artifacts, most commonly from specimen deflation (n = 8), obscured fine detail on micro-CT images of 10 specimens. Micro-CT could successfully localize the target lesion in the other 12 specimens. Distance to the nearest surgical margin was determined in 10 specimens. Agreement of micro-CT with final pathology was good, with a mean difference of −2.8% (limits of agreement −14.5% to 20.0%) for lesion size and −0.5 mm (limits of agreement −4.4 to 3.4 mm) for distance to nearest surgical margin. Conclusions.— Micro-CT of fresh surgical lung specimens is feasible and has the potential to evaluate the size and location of lesions within resection specimens, as well as distance to the nearest surgical margin, all without compromising specimen integrity.

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Litzlbauer, Horst Detlef, Christoph Neuhaeuser, Alexander Moell, Susanne Greschus, Andreas Breithecker, Folker Ernst Franke, Wolfgang Kummer, and Wigbert Stephan Rau. "Three-dimensional imaging and morphometric analysis of alveolar tissue from microfocal X-ray-computed tomography." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 291, no. 3 (September 2006): L535—L545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00088.2005.

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We evaluated microfocal X-ray-computed tomography (micro-CT) as a method to visualize lung architecture two and three dimensionally and to obtain morphometric data. Inflated porcine lungs were fixed by formaldehyde ventilation. Tissue samples (8-mm diameter, 10-mm height) were stained with osmium tetroxide, and 400 projection images (1,024 × 1,024 pixel) were obtained. Continuous isometric micro-CT scans (voxel size 9 μm) were acquired to reconstruct two- and three-dimensional images. Tissue samples were sectioned (8-μm thickness) for histological analysis. Alveolar surface density and mean linear intercept were assessed by stereology-based morphometry in micro-CT scans and corresponding histological sections. Furthermore, stereology-based morphometry was compared with morphometric semi-automated micro-CT analysis within the same micro-CT scan. Agreement of methods was assessed by regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Comparing histology with micro-CT, alveolar surface densities (35.4 ± 2.4 vs. 33.4 ± 1.9/mm, P < 0.05) showed a correlation ( r = 0.72; P = 0.018) with an agreement of 2 ± 1.6/mm; the mean linear intercept (135.7 ± 14.5 vs. 135.8 ± 15 μm) correlated well ( r = 0.97; P < 0.0001) with an agreement of −0.1 ± 3.4 μm. Semi-automated micro-CT analysis resulted in smaller alveolar surface densities (33.4 ± 1.9 vs. 30.5 ± 1/mm; P < 0.01) with a correlation ( r = 0.70; P = 0.023) and agreement of 2.9 ± 1.4/mm. Non-destructive micro-CT scanning offers the advantage to visualize the spatial tissue architecture of small lung samples two and three dimensionally.

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Badea, Cristian T., Laurence W. Hedlund, Julie F. Boslego Mackel, Lan Mao, Howard A. Rockman, and G. Allan Johnson. "Cardiac Micro–Computed Tomography for Morphological and Functional Phenotyping of Muscle LIM Protein Null Mice." Molecular Imaging 6, no. 4 (July 1, 2007): 7290.2007.00022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7290.2007.00022.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) for morphological and functional phenotyping of muscle LIM protein (MLP) null mice and to compare micro-CT with M-mode echocardiography. MLP null mice and controls were imaged using both micro-CT and M-mode echocardiography. For micro-CT, we used a custom-built scanner. Following a single intravenous injection of a blood pool contrast agent (Fenestra VC, ART Advanced Research Technologies, Saint-Laurent, QC) and using a cardiorespiratory gating, we acquired eight phases of the cardiac cycle (every 15 ms) and reconstructed three-dimensional data sets with 94-micron isotropic resolution. Wall thickness and volumetric measurements of the left ventricle were performed, and cardiac function was estimated. Micro-CT and M-mode echocardiography showed both morphological and functional aspects that separate MLP null mice from controls. End-diastolic and -systolic volumes were increased significantly three- and fivefold, respectively, in the MLP null mice versus controls. Ejection fraction was reduced by an average of 32% in MLP null mice. The data analysis shows that two imaging modalities provided different results partly owing to the difference in anesthesia regimens. Other sources of errors for micro-CT are also analyzed. Micro-CT can provide the four-dimensional data (three-dimensional isotropic volumes over time) required for morphological and functional phenotyping in mice.

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Campioni, Ilaria, Raffaella Pecci, and Rossella Bedini. "Ten Years of Micro-CT in Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Literature Overview." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 24, 2020): 4328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124328.

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Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a consolidated imaging technology allowing non-destructive three-dimensional (3D) qualitative and quantitative analysis by the observation of microstructures with high resolution. This paper aims at delivering a structured overview of literature about studies performed using micro-CT in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery (MFS) by analyzing the entire set of articles to portray the state of the art of the last ten years of scientific publications on the topic. It draws the scenario focusing on biomaterials, in vitro and in/ex vivo applications, bone structure analysis, and tissue engineering. It confirms the relevance of the micro-CT analysis for traditional research applications and mainly in dentistry with respect to MFS. Possible developments are discussed in relation to the use of the micro-CT combined with other, traditional, and not, techniques and technologies, as the elaboration of 3D models based on micro-CT images and emerging numerical methods. Micro-CT results contribute effectively with whose ones obtained from other techniques in an integrated multimethod approach and for multidisciplinary studies, opening new possibilities and potential opportunities for the next decades of developments.

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El-Gizawy, Ahmed Sherif, Xuewei Ma, Ferris Pfeiffer, James D. Schiffbauer, and Tara Selly. "Characterization of Microarchitectures, Stiffness and Strength of Human Trabecular Bone Using Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) Scans." BioMed 3, no. 1 (January 19, 2023): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomed3010007.

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The present work presents evaluation and experimental verification of the use of X-ray computed tomographic microscopy (micro-CT) for accurate characterization of geometry, microarchitecture, and stiffness properties of bones. These properties are crucial for designing and building optimized implants for joint and dental reconstruction applications. High-resolution micro-CT scans would provide more detailed and accurate information about the microarchitecture and density distribution across patient bones. Nevertheless, micro-CT applications on live patients require invasive procedures involving small bone biopsy specimens. Alternatively, micro-CT could be used on samples collected from selected cadavers of different age, gender, and race groups to establish a database that could be used for providing useful microarchitecture information. The micro-CT scans of investigated bone samples reveal that the trabecular bone is anisotropic and heterogeneous. The results also showed considerable degree of parametric variability and uncertainty on microarchitecture and stiffness properties of patient’s trabecular bone.

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Bompoti, Andreana, Andreas S. Papazoglou, Dimitrios V. Moysidis, Nikolaos Otountzidis, Efstratios Karagiannidis, Nikolaos Stalikas, Eleftherios Panteris, et al. "Volumetric Imaging of Lung Tissue at Micrometer Resolution: Clinical Applications of Micro-CT for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Diseases." Diagnostics 11, no. 11 (November 10, 2021): 2075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112075.

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Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a promising novel medical imaging modality that allows for non-destructive volumetric imaging of surgical tissue specimens at high spatial resolution. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the clinical applications of micro-CT for the tissue-based diagnosis of lung diseases. This scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews, aiming to include every clinical study reporting on micro-CT imaging of human lung tissues. A literature search yielded 570 candidate articles, out of which 37 were finally included in the review. Of the selected studies, 9 studies explored via micro-CT imaging the morphology and anatomy of normal human lung tissue; 21 studies investigated microanatomic pulmonary alterations due to obstructive or restrictive lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis; and 7 studies examined the utility of micro-CT imaging in assessing lung cancer lesions (n = 4) or in transplantation-related pulmonary alterations (n = 3). The selected studies reported that micro-CT could successfully detect several lung diseases providing three-dimensional images of greater detail and resolution than routine optical slide microscopy, and could additionally provide valuable volumetric insight in both restrictive and obstructive lung diseases. In conclusion, micro-CT-based volumetric measurements and qualitative evaluations of pulmonary tissue structures can be utilized for the clinical management of a variety of lung diseases. With micro-CT devices becoming more accessible, the technology has the potential to establish itself as a core diagnostic imaging modality in pathology and to enable integrated histopathologic and radiologic assessment of lung cancer and other lung diseases.

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Mohr, A., C. Heiss, I. Bergmann, C. Schrader, F. W. Roemer, J. A. Lynch, C. Muhle, H. K. Genant, and M. Heller. "Value of micro-CT as an investigative tool for osteochondritis dissecans: A preliminary study with comparison to histology." Acta Radiologica 44, no. 5 (September 2003): 532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1600-0455.2003.00113.x.

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Purpose: To evaluate micro computed tomography (micro-CT) for the assessment of osteochondritis dissecans in comparison with histology. Material and Methods: Osteochondritis dissecans lesions of 3 patients were evaluated using micro-CT (0.125 mA, 40 keV, 60 μm slice thickness, 60 μm isotropic resolution, entire sample) and light microscopy (toluidine blue, 3–5 μm slice thickness). The methods were compared regarding preparation time, detectability of tissue types and morphologic features of bone and cartilage. Results: Non-destructive micro-CT imaging of the entire sample was faster than histologic preparation of a single slice for light microscopy. Morphologic features of bone and cartilage could be imaged in a comparable way to histology. It was not possible to image cells or different tissue types of bone and cartilage with micro-CT. Conclusion: Micro-CT is a fast, non-destructive tool that may be a supplement or, if detailed histologic information is not necessary, an alternative to light microscopy for the investigation of osteochondritis dissecans.

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Ng, Curtise K. C., Zhonghua Sun, and Shirley Jansen. "Comparison of Performance of Micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) and Synchrotron Radiation CT in Assessing Coronary Stenosis Caused by Calcified Plaques in Coronary Artery Phantoms." Journal of Vascular Diseases 2, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jvd2030026.

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Synchrotron-radiation-computed tomography (SRCT) allows more accurate calcified plaque and coronary stenosis assessment as a result of its superior spatial resolution; however, typical micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) systems have even higher resolution. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of high-resolution micro-CT with SRCT in the assessment of calcified plaques and a previously published dataset of coronary stenosis assessment. This experimental study involved micro-CT scanning of three-dimensional printed coronary artery models with calcification in situ used in our previously published SRCT study on coronary stenosis assessment. Measurements of coronary stenosis utilizing both modalities were compared using a paired sample t-test. The degrees of stenosis measured on all but one micro-CT dataset were statistically significantly lower than the corresponding SRCT measurements reported in our previous paper (p < 0.0005–0.05). This indicates that the superior spatial resolution of micro-CT was able to further reduce over-estimation of stenosis caused by extensive calcification of coronary arteries and, hence, false positive results. Our results showed that the high-resolution micro-CT used in this study outperformed the Australian Synchrotron SRCT in both calcified plaque and coronary stenosis assessment. These findings will become clinically important for cardiovascular event prediction and enable reclassification of individuals with low and intermediate risk into appropriate risk categories when the technical challenges of micro-CT in clinical practice such as the small field of view and demanding on image processing power are addressed.

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Yousuf, M. A., and M. Asaduzzaman. "An Efficient Ring Artifact Reduction Method Based on Projection Data for Micro-CT Images." Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 1 (December 25, 2009): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2645.

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Ring artifacts are very troublesome in a flat-panel based micro computed tomography (micro-CT) since they might severely degrade visibility of the micro-CT images. Unlike ring artifacts in other types of micro-CTs such as image-intensifier based micro-CT, ring artifacts in a flat-panel detector based micro-CT are hardly removable since the sensitivity of the pixel elements in a flat-panel detector is less uniform than in other types of x-ray detectors. The dependence of the ring artifacts on many imaging conditions, such as tube voltage, detector integration time and phantom size, was first investigated. Based on the observation that the ring artifacts are not imaging-condition-invariant in a flat-panel detector based micro-CT, an efficient ring artifact correction method has been developed based on post-processing. In the filtered sinogram, the ring artifact positions are identified and then the defective lines are corrected in the original projection data before the filtered back-projection. Experimental results on capacitor phantom, contrast phantom and bone images verify the efficacy of the proposed method. Keywords: Micro-CT; Ring artifact correction; Flat-panel detector; Filtered back-projection; Small animal imaging. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2645 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 37-45 (2010)

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Jin, Dan, Han Zheng, and Huishu Yuan. "Exploring the Possibility of Measuring Vertebrae Bone Structure Metrics Using MDCT Images: An Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation Method." Bioengineering 10, no. 6 (June 12, 2023): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060716.

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Bone structure metrics are vital for the evaluation of vertebral bone strength. However, the gold standard for measuring bone structure metrics, micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT), cannot be used in vivo, which hinders the early diagnosis of fragility fractures. This paper used an unpaired image-to-image translation method to capture the mapping between clinical multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and micro-CT images and then generated micro-CT-like images to measure bone structure metrics. MDCT and micro-CT images were scanned from 75 human lumbar spine specimens and formed training and testing sets. The generator in the model focused on learning both the structure and detailed pattern of bone trabeculae and generating micro-CT-like images, and the discriminator determined whether the generated images were micro-CT images or not. Based on similarity metrics (i.e., SSIM and FID) and bone structure metrics (i.e., bone volume fraction, trabecular separation and trabecular thickness), a set of comparisons were performed. The results show that the proposed method can perform better in terms of both similarity metrics and bone structure metrics and the improvement is statistically significant. In particular, we compared the proposed method with the paired image-to-image method and analyzed the pros and cons of the method used.

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Trelenberg‐Stoll, Viktoria, Dieter Drescher, Michael Wolf, and Kathrin Becker. "Standardized bone micro‐morphometry around murine teeth – a micro‐CT study." Clinical Oral Implants Research 31, S20 (October 2020): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/clr.72_13644.

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Yang, Jing, Guang Li, Yi Sun, Hongbo Huang, Fukuan Zhao, and Shouhua Luo. "Automated Image Registration for Stand-Alone Micro-PET and Micro-CT." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 16, no. 7 (July 1, 2016): 6903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.11389.

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Kłodowski, K., J. Kamiński, K. Nowicka, J. Tarasiuk, S. Wroński, M. Świętek, M. Błażewicz, H. Figiel, K. Turek, and T. Szponder. "Micro-imaging of implanted scaffolds using combined MRI and micro-CT." Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics 38, no. 6 (September 2014): 458–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compmedimag.2014.06.014.

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Vande Velde, Greetje, Ellen De Langhe, Jennifer Poelmans, Peter Bruyndonckx, Emiliano d'Agostino, Erik Verbeken, Ria Bogaerts, Rik Lories, and Uwe Himmelreich. "Longitudinal in vivo microcomputed tomography of mouse lungs: No evidence for radiotoxicity." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 309, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): L271—L279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00098.2015.

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Before microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) can be exploited to its full potential for longitudinal monitoring of transgenic and experimental mouse models of lung diseases, radiotoxic side effects such as inflammation or fibrosis must be considered. We evaluated dose and potential radiotoxicity to the lungs for long-term respiratory-gated high-resolution micro-CT protocols. Free-breathing C57Bl/6 mice underwent four different retrospectively respiratory gated micro-CT imaging schedules of repeated scans during 5 or 12 wk, followed by ex vivo micro-CT and detailed histological and biochemical assessment of lung damage. Radiation exposure, dose, and absorbed dose were determined by ionization chamber, thermoluminescent dosimeter measurements and Monte Carlo calculations. Despite the relatively large radiation dose delivered per micro-CT acquisition, mice did not show any signs of radiation-induced lung damage or fibrosis when scanned weekly during 5 and up to 12 wk. Doubling the scanning frequency and once tripling the radiation dose as to mimic the instant repetition of a failed scan also stayed without detectable toxicity after 5 wk of scanning. Histological analyses confirmed the absence of radiotoxic damage to the lungs, thereby demonstrating that long-term monitoring of mouse lungs using high-resolution micro-CT is safe. This opens perspectives for longitudinal monitoring of (transgenic) mouse models of lung diseases and therapeutic response on an individual basis with high spatial and temporal resolution, without concerns for radiation toxicity that could potentially influence the readout of micro-CT-derived lung biomarkers. This work further supports the introduction of micro-CT for routine use in the preclinical pulmonary research field where postmortem histological approaches are still the gold standard.

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Jones, Julian R., Georgina E. Milroy, Ruth Cameron, William Bonfield, and Larry L. Hench. "Using X-Ray Micro-CT Imaging to Monitor Dissolution of Macroporous Bioactive Glass Scaffolds." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 493–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.493.

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Bioactive glass scaffolds with interconnected macroporous networks have been developed by foaming sol-gel derived bioactive glass of the 70S30C (70 mol% SiO2, 30 mol% CaO) composition. The effect of sintering temperature on the dissolution of the scaffolds in simulated body fluid (SBF) was investigated in 3D using x-ray micro-computer tomography (micro CT) and inductive coupled plasma (ICP) analysis. Micro-CT is non-destructive and allows observation of specific parts of the scaffold at various stages of degradation. However, data analysis is complex at present. Percentage porosity data obtained by micro-CT was compared to physical data and pore size distributions obtained from mercury intrusion porosimetry were compared to the interconnected pore diameters observed from the micro CT images.

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Hasegawa, Hiroaki, Nobuhito Nango, and Masafumi Machida. "Evaluation of Trabecular Microstructure of Cancellous Bone Using Quarter-Detector Computed Tomography." Diagnostics 13, no. 7 (March 25, 2023): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13071240.

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Quarter-detector computed tomography (QDCT) is an ultra-high-spatial-resolution imaging technique. This study aimed to verify the validity of trabecular structure evaluation using a QDCT scanner in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. We used a cancellous bone specimen image of the second lumbar vertebrae of an adult male with moderate osteoporosis. To obtain QDCT images, we created a three-dimensional model from micro-CT images of the specimen. Statistical analysis was performed on the relationship between micro-CT and QDCT imaging modalities. The differences between micro-CT and QDCT were assessed based on their significance with respect to the calculated mean measurements using the Mann–Whitney test. Single regression analysis was performed using linear regression, with micro-CT and QDCT as the explanatory and objective variables, respectively, to determine the relationship of the measured values between the two modalities. By applying the necessary correction to the micro-CT measured values, it is possible to perform an analysis equivalent to micro-CT, which offers higher spatial resolution than QDCT. We found evidence that if QDCT can be used, trabecular structure evaluation may contribute to image diagnosis to evaluate practical bone fragility.

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Orhan, Kaan, Reinhilde Jacobs, Berkan Celikten, Yan Huang, Karla de Faria Vasconcelos, Laura Ferreira Pinheiro Nicolielo, Arda Buyuksungur, and Jeroen Van Dessel. "Evaluation of Threshold Values for Root Canal Filling Voids in Micro-CT and Nano-CT Images." Scanning 2018 (July 16, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9437569.

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While several materials and techniques have been used to assess the quality of root canal fillings in micro-CT images, the lack of standardization in scanning protocols has produced conflicting results. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine a cutoff voxel size value for the assessment of root canal filling voids in micro-CT and nano-CT images. Twenty freshly extracted mandibular central incisors were used. Root canals were prepared with nickel titanium files to an ISO size 40/0.06 taper and then filled with a single cone (40/0.06 taper) and AH Plus sealer. The teeth were scanned with different voxel sizes with either micro-CT (5.2, 8.1, 11.2, and 16.73 μm) or nano-CT (1.5 and 5.0 μm) equipment. Images were reconstructed and analyzed with the NRecon and CTAn software. Void proportion and void volume were calculated for each tooth in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds of the root canal. Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Mann–Whitney U tests were performed with a significance level of 5%. In micro-CT images, significantly different results were detected among the tested voxel sizes for void proportion and void volume, whereas no such differences were found in nano-CT images (p>0.05). Micro-CT images showed higher void numbers over the entire root length, with statistically significant differences between the voxel size of 16.73 μm and the other sizes (p<0.05). The values of the different nano-CT voxel sizes did not significantly differ from those of the micro-CT (5.2, 8.1, and 11.2 μm), except for the voxel size of 16.73 μm (p<0.05). All tested voxel sizes enabled the detection of root canal filling voids except for the voxel size of 16.73 μm. Bearing in mind the limitations of this study, it seems that a voxel size of 11.2 μm can be used as a reliable cutoff value for the assessment of root canal filling voids in micro-CT imaging.

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Sandrini, Camilla, Simona Boito, Claudio M. Lombardi, and Sophie Lombardi. "Postmortem Micro-CT of Human Fetal Heart—A Systematic Literature Review." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 20 (October 15, 2021): 4726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204726.

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Micro-computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive alternative to conventional macroscopic dissection for the evaluation of human fetal cardiac anatomy. This paper aims to systematically review the literature regarding the use of micro-CT to examine human fetal hearts, to illustrate its educational and research implications and to explain its possible directions for the future. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA statement to identify publications concerning micro-CT applications for the isolated human fetal heart. The search strategy identified nine eligible studies. Micro-CT is technically feasible for postmortem examination of the human fetal heart coming from early and late termination of pregnancy. It reaches high diagnostic accuracy, and it seems to perform better than autopsy in small samples or in the case of early termination of pregnancy. Applications derived from micro-CT allow multiple off-time evaluations and interdisciplinary comparisons for educational purposes and research perspectives in biological and bioengineering domains.

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Wang, Zedong, Xiaoqi Xi, Lei Li, Zhicun Zhang, Yu Han, Xinguang Wang, Zhaoying Sun, et al. "Tracking the Progression of the Simulated Bronze Disease—A Laboratory X-ray Microtomography Study." Molecules 28, no. 13 (June 23, 2023): 4933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134933.

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The internal three-dimensional characteristics of X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) has great application potential in the field of bronze corrosion. This work presents a method of simulating bronze disease based on an in situ micro-CT image to study the characteristics of the oxidative hydrolysis reactions of copper(I) chloride and copper(II) chloride dihydrate. A series of high-resolution reconstruction images were obtained by carrying out micro-CT at three key points throughout the experiment. We found that the reactions of copper(I) chloride and copper(II) chloride dihydrate showed different characteristics at different stages of the simulation in the micro-CT view. The method proposed in this work specifically simulated one single type of bronze corrosion and characterized the evolution characteristics of simulated bronze disease. It provides a new perspective to investigate bronze disease and can help improve the subsequent use of micro-CT to distinguish real bronze corrosions.

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ASARI, Jin, Mitsuori MAYAHARA, Tomomi SUGIYAMA, Masanori NAKAMURA, and Mitsuko INOUE. "Micro-CT Analysis of Tooth Root Development." Dental Medicine Research 28, no. 2 (2008): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7881/dentalmedres2008.28.87.

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Sharma, Kriti Sen, Hao Gong, Omid Ghasemalizadeh, Hengyong Yu, Ge Wang, and Guohua Cao. "Interior micro-CT with an offset detector." Medical Physics 41, no. 6Part1 (May 28, 2014): 061915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.4876724.

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Badea, C., L. W. Hedlund, and G. A. Johnson. "Micro-CT with respiratory and cardiac gating." Medical Physics 31, no. 12 (November 19, 2004): 3324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1118/1.1812604.

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ISHII, K., S. MATSUYAMA, H. YAMAZAKI, Y. WATANABE, T. YAMAGUCHI, G. MOMOSE, T. AMAETAIVAN, A. SUZUKI, Y. KIKUCHI, and W. GALSTER. "MICRON-CT USING PIXE WITH MICRO-BEAMS." International Journal of PIXE 15, no. 03n04 (January 2005): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129083505000416.

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We developed a micron-CT consisting of micro-beam system and X-ray CCD camera (Hamamatsu photonics C8800X), whose element size is 8μ m ×8μ m and a total number of image elements 1000×1000 gives an image size of 8 mm ×8 mm . The sample is placed in a tube of a small diameter, which is rotated by a stepping motor. The transmission data through the sample are taken with characteristic Ti - K -X-rays (4.558 keV) produced by 3MeV proton and α particle micro-beams. After image reconstruction using an iteration method, 3D-images of small objects namely, hair and small ants were obtained with a spatial resolution of ~5μm. It is expected that our micron-CT can provide cross sectional images of in-vivo cellular samples with high resolution and can be applied to a wide range of research in biology and medicine.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Micro-CT'

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