Dissertations / Theses: 'Micellar properties'

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Chakraborty, Subrata. "Physico-Chemical studies on micellar properties of selected amphiphiles." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2015. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1527.

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Macri, Richard Vincent. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Micellar Properties of Dendritic Amphiphiles." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27831.

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Two new homologous series of amphiphiles–five long-chain, three-headed amphiphiles [3CCb14, 3CCb16, 3CCb18, 3CCb20, 3CCb22; CH3(CH2)n-1OCONHC(CH2CH2COOH)3, n = 14, 16, 18, 20, 22], and six branched-chain, three-headed amphiphiles [3CCb1(7,7), 3CCb1(8,8), 3CCb1(9,9), 3CCb1(10,10), 3CCb1(11,11), 3CCb1(12,12); (CH3(CH2)n-1)2CHOCONHC(CH2CH2COOH)3, n = 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]–were synthesized. The synthesis of the 3CCbn series was accomplished in two steps from Weisocyanate™ and the long chain alcohol in good yields of chromatographed products (65–81%). The 3CCb1(n,n) series was similarly synthesized from Weisocyanate™ and the two-tailed symmetric alcohol (produced from a reaction of alkyl magnesium bromide and ethyl formate) in good yields of chromatographed products (71–84%). CMC data were collected by pendent-drop technique for the 3CAmn, 3CCbn, 3CUrn, and 3CCb1(n,n) series of amphiphiles to establish the concentration required for detergency. The triethanolammonium salt provided better solubility and higher CMCs of these amphiphiles than the potassium salt. All amphiphilic series tested lowered the solution surface tension from ~ 72 mN/m to ~ 50–55 mN/m, indicating that these amphiphiles are less surface active than typical surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate. The CMCs for the 3CAmn series were found to decrease in value from 2 × 10⁻² M (3CAm15) to 2 × 10⁻³ M (3CAm21) in a linear fashion. The CMCs for the 3CCbn series were found to decrease in value from 7 × 10⁻³ M (3CCb16) to 0.4 × 10⁻³ M (3CCb22) in a linear fashion. The CMCs for the 3CUrn series were found to decrease in value from 2 × 10⁻³ M (3CUr18) to 1 × 10⁻³ M (3CUr22) in a linear fashion. Due to discrepancies in several of the IFT vs. log concentration plots for the previous homologous series of amphiphiles, the CMC data was collected using a pyrene fluorescence measurement technique. The data from the pyrene fluorescence technique seems likely to be more accurate, indicating that surface tension may not be the most reliable method for determining the CMC of these amphiphiles. The CMCs (as determined by pyrene fluorescence) for the 3CAmn series were found to decrease in value from 2 × 10⁻² M (3CAm15) to 2 × 10⁻³ M (3CAm21) in a linear fashion. The CMCs for the 3CCbn series were found to decrease in value from 7 × 10⁻³ M (3CCb16) to 0.3 × 10⁻³ M (3CCb22) in a linear fashion. The CMCs for the 3CUrn series were found to decrease in value from 7 × 10⁻³ M (3CUr16) to 0.2 × 10⁻³ M (3CUr22) in a linear fashion. In both the surface tension and the pyrene fluorescence techniques, the shortest chain length homologues (3CAm13, 3CCb14, and 3CUr14) did not show a break up to the limits of solubility. The CMCs as determined by surface tension for the 3CCb1(n,n) series were found to decrease in value from 0.5 × 10⁻³ M (3CCb1(9,9)) to 0.02 × 10⁻³ M (3CCb1(12,12)) in a linear fashion. The 3CCb1(8,8) and 3CCb1(7,7) amphiphiles did not show a CMC break up to the limits of solubility. The 3CCb1(12,12) showed an unusually steep decrease in surface tension over a very narrow range of concentration. There is considerable doubt as to the accuracy of the 3CCb1(11,11) data, and the CMCs for these two-tailed amphiphiles needs to be measured by a second method as was done for the single-tail series to verify the CMCs of all the two-tail homologues. Activity (minimal inhibitory concentrations, MICs) for the 3CAmn, 3CCbn, 3CUrn, 3CCb1(n,n), 2CAmn, and 2CCbn series was measured against several different bacteria, mycobacteria, yeast, and fungi. Additionally, anti-HIV and cytotoxicity data was collected for the 3CAmn, 3CCbn, and 3CUrn series. Greatest inhibition was typically seen from the 18–20 carbon tail length homologues of each series (3CAm19–3CAm21, 3CCb18–3CCb20, 3CUr18–3CUr20, 2CAm19–2CAm21, and 2CCb18–2CCb20). Inoculum density affected the activity of our earlier studies, and selected organisms were retested to obtain the intrinsic activity. 3CUr18 and 3CAm19 proved most effective against Mycobacterium smegmatis, with MIC99 = 6.3 μM @ 10⁵ CFU/mL inoculum density. 3CCb20 was most effective against Mycobacterium marinum with MIC99 = 16 μM @ 10⁵ CFU/mL inoculum density. 3CAm19, 3CCb18, and 3CUr18 all showed equivalent activity against Mycobacterium chelonae with MIC99 = 17 μM @ 10⁵ CFU/mL inoculum density. Against Staphylococcus aureus, the 2CAm21 was most effective, with MIC90 = 2.0 μM @ 10⁵ CFU/mL inoculum density. 3CCb20 was most effective against MRSA with MIC90 = 2.9 μM @ 10⁵ CFU/mL inoculum density. The two-tailed analogs (3CCb1(n,n), 3CUr(n,n), and 3CUr1(n,n)) typically showed little to no activity against the tested microorganisms. Comparison of MIC to CMC is a relative measure of safety of a drug candidate. All single-tail amphiphiles showed ratios of MIC/CMC of 16–126, with a ratio of 100 or better being optimal. The ratios for the two-tail amphiphiles ranged from 0.39 to 2.9.
Ph. D.

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Das, Chanchal. "Physico-chemical studies on micellar properties of some simple amphiphiles in aqueous and non-aqueous media." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1306.

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Curfman, Christopher L. "Micellar properties of spermicidal and microbicidal quaternary ammonium surfactants." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03042009-041158/.

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Patel, H. K. "The micellar properties of mixtures of alkyltrimethylammonium bromides and chlorhexidine digluconate." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233332.

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Banchathanakij, Rawiwan. "Rheophysical properties of fluorinated nonionic micellar phases : link with mesoporous materials." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0283/document.

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Afin d'établir un lien entre les solutions servant de modèles dans la préparation de matériaux mésoporeux, on étudie les propriétés physiques à l'équilibre et hors équilibre de solutions micellaires aqueuses à base de deux tensioactifs fluorés : C8F17C2H4(OC2H4)9OH, [RF8(EO)9] and C7F15C2H4(OC2H4)8OH, [RF7(EO)8]. Cette étude devrait nous aider à comprendre pourquoi on obtient des matériaux mésoporeux bien ordonnés à partir de solutions micellaires du tensioactif RF8(EO)9 et des structures désordonnées lorsque l'on utilise RF7(EO)8. Les expériences sont menées sur quatre systèmes de deux surfactants: RF7(EO)8/H2O, RF7(EO)8/NaI/H2O, RF8(EO)9/H2O et RF8(EO)9/NaCl/H2O. Plusieurs techniques expérimentales sont utilisées: rhéologie, biréfringence d'écoulement et diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles dans le but de décrire ces quatre systèmes. Les diagrammes de phase des deux tensioactifs montrent qu'une phase micellaire L1 existe dans une large gamme de température et concentration. Mais dans tous les cas, la distance à la courbe de miscibilité a une influence sur les caractéristiques rhéologiques bien que toutes les solutions soient une phase L1. La biréfringence d'écoulement des deux systèmes apporte des informations complémentaires quant à la taille et la forme des micelles. Pour les deux systèmes, avec et sans sel, les résultats suggèrent l'existence de petites micelles allongées liées en chaines par des forces faibles excepté pour le système RF8(EO)9 qui ne présente pas de biréfringence notable; les micelles sont probablement petites avec une forme voisine de la sphère. Pour les quatre systèmes, on observe une perte du caractère Maxwellien lorsque les conditions de concentration et de température se rapprochent de la courbe de miscibilité. Ces résultats confortent l'idée selon laquelle : les conditions thermodynamiques choisies pour l'addition de la silice ne doivent pas être trop proches de la courbe de miscibilité, afin d'obtenir des matériaux mésoporeux ordonnés. Dans ces conditions, les solutions sont Maxwelliennes et les matériaux mésoporeux synthétisés sont ordonnés
To provide a link between the micellar templates and the mesoporous material characteristics in the final product, the physical properties of aqueous systems prepared with two kinds of fluorinated surfactants are described and analyzed under equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium conditions: the surfactants are C8F17C2H4(OC2H4)9OH, [RF8(EO)9] and C7F15C2H4(OC2H4)8OH, [RF7(EO)8]. This study may help us to understand why the ordered mesoporous materials are recovered only when RF8(EO)9 micellar solutions are used as building blocks while RF7(EO)8 solutions give rise to wormhole like structure. The distance to the lower consolute boundary (LCB) and a shift in position by salt additions are also taken into account. The experiments concern four systems of two surfactants; 1) pure RF7(EO)8 in water, 2) RF7(EO)8 in the presence of the NaI salt, 3) pure RF8(EO)9 in water, and 4) RF8(EO)9 in the presence of the NaCl salt. Several experimental techniques have been used (rheology, flow birefringence, neutron scattering) to shed light on the physical difference between the four systems. The phase diagrams of both surfactants show that a direct micellar phase (L1) exists in a wide range of concentrations and temperatures. In any cases, the distance to the LCB is a parameter which influences rheological behaviour although the micellar phase still is a L1 phase. The flow birefringence experiments performed on both systems bring complementary information of the size and shape of the micelles. For both systems, with and without salt, the results suggest the existence of small elongated micelles linked by weak forces except for the RF8(EO)9 system which shows no birefringence; the micelles in solution are probably small with a shape close to a sphere. From all four systems, the loss of the Maxwellian character is generally observed when the conditions approach the miscibility curve. These results consolidate the assumption that in order to prepare ordered mesoporous materials, the thermodynamical conditions at which the silica precursor is added to the micellar solution should not be too close to the miscibility curve. Therefore, this study suggests that the Maxwellian character seems to be a pre-requisite condition of the micellar solution for obtaining ordered mesoporous materials

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Huang, Chien-Cheng. "Statics, dynamics, and rheological properties of micellar solutions by computer simulation." Thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007METZ022S/document.

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Les propriétés statiques, dynamiques, rhéologiques et la cinétique de scissions et recombinaisons de micelles linéaires auto-assemblées sont étudiées à l'équilibre et sous-écoulement par simulations sur ordinateur, en utilisant un modèle mésoscopique nouveau. Nous représentons les micelles comme des séquences linéaires de billes browniennes dont l'évolution spatio-temporelle est gouvernée par la dynamique de Langevin. Un algorithme de Monte-Carlo contrôle l'ouverture des liens ou la fusion de deux chaînes par les bouts. Un paramètre cinétique o, qui modélise l'effet d'une barrière le long d'un chemin de réaction, est introduit dans notre modèle. A l'équilibre, nous nous concentrons sur les mécanismes de scission/recombinaison aux temps long et court. Nos résultats montrent que pour les temps plus grands que le temps de vie d'une chaîne moyenne, la cinétique est en accord avec le modèle champ-moyen de Cates. L'étude de fonctions de relaxation macroscopique confirme que nos constantes cinétiques effectives obtenues aux temps longs sont pertinentes pour ces relaxations. Pour la situation hors équilibre, nous étudions les effets du couplage entre un écoulement de cisaillement et la cinétique de scission et recombinaison sur les propriétés structurales et rhéologiques du système micellaire. Nous nous plaçons dans un régime semi-dilué et dynamiquement 'unentangled'. Le paramètre o est choisi de façon à ce que la durée de vie d'une chaîne moyenne soit plus courte que son temps de relaxation de Rouse le plus long. Nos analyses font apparaître une longueur dynamique A, le fiagrnent de chaîne dont la durée de vie TA est égale à son temps de Rouse. Nous trouvons que les propriétés telles que la rhéo-fluidification, l'orientation des chaînes et l'étirement des liens sont des fonctions du taux de cisaillement réduit PA= YT* , alors que la longueur moyenne des micelles est une fonction décroissante du taux de cisaillement, indépendamment de la barrière du processus scission/recombinaison
Statics, Dynamics, and Rheological properties of Micellar solutions by Computer Simulation Statics, dynamics, rheology and scission-recombination kinetics of self-assembling linear micelles are investigated at equlibrium state and under shear flow by computer simulations using a newly proposed mesoscopic model. We model the micelles as linear sequences of Brownian beads whose space-time evolution is governed by Langevin dynamics. A Monte Carlo algorithm controls the opening of a bond or the chain-end fusion. A kinetic parameter o, modelling the effect of a potential barrier along a kinetic path, is introduced in our model. For equilibrium state we focus on the analysis of short and long time behaviors of the scission and recombination mechanisms. Our results show that at time scales larger than the life time of the average chain length, the kinetics is in agreement with the mean-field kinetics model of Cates. By studying macroscopic relaxation phenomena such as the average micelle length evolution after a T-jump, the monomer diffusion, and the zero shear relaxation function, we confirm that the effective kinetic constants found are indeed the relevant parameters when macroscopic relaxation is coupled to the kinetics of micelles. For the non-equilibrium situation, we study the coupled effects of the shear flow and the scissionrecombination kinetics, on the structural and rheological properties of this micellar system. Our study is performed in semi-dilute and dynamically unentangled regime conditions. The explored parameter o range is chosen in order for the life time of the average size chain to remain shorter than its intrinsic (Rouse) longest relaxation time. Central to our analysis is the concept of dynamical unit of size A, the chain fiagrnent for which the life time TA and the Rouse time are equal. Shear thinning, chain orientation and bond stretching are found to depend upon the reduced shear rate P1\=y~A while the average micelle size is found to decrease with increasing shear rate, independently of the height of the barrier of the scission-recombination process

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Shiloach, Anat 1969. "Theoretical prediction and experimental measurement of micellar solution properties of surfacant mixtures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9967.

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Barthet, Cécile. "Effect of the microstructure on the physico-chemical properties of multiblock associative polymers synthesized via RAFT/MADIX micellar polymerization." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30385.

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Depuis le milieu du 20ème siècle, les techniques de récupération assistée du pétrole (RAP) ont été beaucoup utilisées afin d’améliorer le rendement d’extraction du pétrole brut. Des polyacrylamides modifiés hydrophobiquement ont montré des propriétés intéressantes en tant que modificateurs de rhéologie en vue d’une application en RAP. Cependant, la synthèse de polymères hydrosolubles comportant des segments hydrophobes le long de la chaîne est un défi puisque les monomères hydrophiles et hydrophobes sont rarement miscibles dans le même solvant. Le but de cette thèse a été de développer des copolymères à base d’acrylamide pouvant ensuite être utilisés en RAP. Au cours de l’extraction du pétrole, des polymères possédant des longues chaînes sont mélangés à l’eau puis injecté dans le puits afin de pousser le pétrole brut en dehors de celui-ci. Le polymère a alors pour rôle d’accroître la viscosité de l’eau de sorte qu’elle puisse déplacer plus efficacement le pétrole hors du réservoir. Au cours de cette thèse, la technique RAFT/MADIX a été combinée à la polymérisation micellaire dans le but de synthétiser de nouveaux copolymères associatifs d’architectures contrôlées et possédant de nombreux blocs hydrophobes distribués le long de la chaîne. En phase aqueuse, les segments hydrophobes s’associent et forment un réseau viscoélastique résultant en une augmentation de la viscosité. La combinaison de RAFT/MADIX avec la polymérisation micellaire nous permet également de limiter la dérive en composition observée en polymérisation micellaire conventionnelle. Dans un premier temps, l’étude de l’effet des monomères et de sels sur le comportement des micelles de tensio-actif a montré que la présence de NaAMPS gouverne le procédé de micellisation du SDS par rapport à l’acrylamide. Cette étude a également prouvé qu’il est possible de prévoir l’évolution du NH en fonction de la composition du milieu réactionnel au cours de la synthèse. La compréhension des interactions tensio-actif-monomères permet ainsi de prévoir la microstructure du polymère. Dans un second temps, il a été démontré que les polymères associatifs synthétisés ici se comportent comme des chaînes vivantes et peuvent être étendus avec de l’acrylamide pour former des polymères à bloc de haute masse molaire. L’addition d’un sel monovalent tel que le chlorure de sodium (NaCl) s’est révélée un outil efficace pour contrôler la microstructure du polymère, rendant possible le passage d’une composition de type gradient vers une composition plus homogène (rmonomères hydrophiles/tBS proche de 1). Enfin, l’analyse des relations structure-propriété a montré que tous les polymères synthétisés possèdent un comportement associatif et accroissent la viscosité de l’eau comparé à l’homopolyacrylamide. La présence de NaAMPS dans la chaîne diminue fortement la viscosité du polymère alors qu’elle n’est pas affectée par celle du chlorure de sodium. Le polymère présentant les meilleures propriétés en vue d’une application en RAP est P(Am90-co-AMPS10-co-(Am/NaCl)10-co-tBS1). L’utilisation de NaCl assure de bonnes propriétés rhéologiques tandis que le NaAMPS favorise la solubilité du copolymère en solution aqueuse
Since the middle of the 20th century, enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques have been used to improve the extraction of crude oil. Hydrophobically modified polyacrylamides have shown great properties as rheology modifiers for EOR purposes. However, the synthesis of water-soluble polymers containing hydrophobic segments along the backbone is challenging as hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers are rarely soluble in the same solvent. The aim of this project was to develop acrylamide-based copolymers for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). In this process, long chain polymer molecules are mixed with water and injected into the oil field in order to drive the oil out of the well. The polymer serves to increase the viscosity of the water, making it more effective at displacing the oil. In this thesis, RAFT/MADIX technique has been combined with micellar polymerization in order to synthesize new associative copolymers with controlled architectures and numerous hydrophobic blocks distributed along the backbone. The associations generate a viscoelastic network in aqueous media resulting in a viscosity increase. The combination of RAFT/MADIX with micellar polymerization allows us to limit the compositional drift observed in conventional micellar polymerization. First, the study of the effect of monomers and salts on the behavior of surfactant micelles has shown that the influence of NaAMPS dominates that of acrylamide in its effect on the micellization behavior of SDS. This study has proven that it is possible to predict how NH would vary depending on the composition of the reactive medium during the synthesis. Understanding the surfactant-monomer interactions thus enables prediction of the microstructure of the polymer. In a second step, it has been demonstrated that the associative polymeric chains were living chains and could be further extended to high molar masses with acrylamide. Increasing the content of NaAMPS in the hydrophilic backbone led to a significant increase in the reactivity ratio. The addition of monovalent salt (especially NaCl) is a useful tool to control the polymer microstructure, enabling switching between a gradient-type composition and a more homogeneous one (rhydrophilic monomers/tBS close to 1). Finally, the examination of structure-property relationships of the associative polymers has highlighted that all polymers displayed associating properties as well as enhanced viscosity compared to homopolyacrylamide. The polymer viscosity strongly decreased upon incorporation of NaAMPS within the backbone while it was unaffected by the presence of NaCl during the synthesis. The polymer displaying the best properties for use in EOR is P(Am90-co-AMPS10-co-(Am/NaCl)10-co-tBS1). The use of NaCl ensures good rheological properties while AMPS enhances the solubility of the copolymer

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Lu, Ying. "Investigation of Solubilization, Cold Gelation, and Rennet Coagulation Properties of Highly Concentrated Micellar Casein Concentrate for Use in Cheese Making." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5003.

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Highly concentrated micellar casein concentrate (HC-MCC), a potential ingredient for cheese making, containing ~20% casein with ~70% of serum proteins removed by microfiltration, and diafiltration of skim milk, and then further concentrated by vacuum evaporation. The objectives of this research were to investigate solubilization, cold gelation, rennet coagulation properties of recombined HC-MCC and cream for its use in cheese making. In Chapter 3, either mixing thawed HC-MCC in water at high temperature (~50C) or addition of trisodium citrate can achieve complete dispersion and more than 80% solubility of HC-MCC in water (3% protein). Overnight storage helps to fully disperse HC-MCC, but only reaches ~30% of solubility at 20C. Cold-gelation of HCMCC is thermally reversible and reducing protein levels in HC-MCC can decrease its CGT. The HC-MCC with less than 16% of protein does not gel at 5C. We propose that cold-gelation of HC-MCC occurs when the kinetic energy of the casein micelles is sufficiently reduced to inhibit their mobility in relation to adjacent casein micelles. In Chapter 4, the recombined concentrated milk (RCM) by mixing thawed frozen HC-MCC and cream with 12% casein at pH 6.6 does not gel until cooled below 12°C. Addition of either sodium citrate or high levels of calcium increased CGT, although low levels of calcium did not impact CGT. Cold gelation of RCM was thermally reversible, even when citrate was added to partially chelate calcium. We propose that cold gelation of RCM occurs when protein strands that have been partially released from the casein micelles entangle, restrict their mobility and form a fine stranded gel network. The RCM at a casein level of 12% (wt/wt) has potential for use in cheese making. In Chapter 5, reducing rennet level can increase coagulation time of RCM (11% casein) without impact on curd firmness or firming rate. Decreased coagulation temperature helps to increase coagulation time and decrease curd firmness rate, but also increases the initial viscosity of RCM. Pre-acidified RCM has no advantage in increasing coagulation time, decreasing curd firmness or firming rate. Microstructure of RCM and its coagulum indicates that the increased curd firmness probably results from the highly inter-linked and longer protein strands in RCM curd. Reducing rennet level can be applied to slow down rennet coagulation of RCM (11% casein) in cheese making.

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Huang, Chien-Cheng Xu Jian Hong Ryckaert Jean-Paul. "Statists, dynamics, and rheological properties of micellar solutions by computer simulation = Propriétés statistiques, dynamiques et rhéologiques de solutions micellaires par simulation sur ordinateur." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2007/Huang.Chien_Cheng.SMZ0722.pdf.

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Gherbi, Abdallah. "Systèmes mixtes aqueux de tensioactifs non ioniques fluorés et hydrogènes diagrammes de phase, micelles et films superficiels." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10316.

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Les propriétés de miscibilité en milieu aqueux de couples de tensioactifs non ioniques, dont la partie hydrophobe est respectivement hydrogènée et fluorée, sont étudiées. La variable essentielle est la longueur de la chaîne fluorée. Outre les diagrammes de phrase, une étude extrêmement complète des systèmes très dilués a été effectuée à l'aide de mesures de tension superficielle

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Karam, Marie-Céleste. "Réhydratation des protéines laitières dans un milieu complexe : influence de l'état d'hydratation sur les propriétés texturales des gels acides." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0132/document.

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L'objectif de la thèse a été d'élucider le processus de réhydratation des caséines micellaires et des protéines solubles dans un milieu complexe et opaque : le lait. L'influence de l'état d'hydratation de ces ingrédients laitiers en fonction du temps (5, 120, 180, 240, 300, 480, 900 et 1440 min de réhydratation) sur les propriétés rhéologiques, texturales, physiques ainsi que la microstructure des gels laitiers acides a également été étudiée. Il en résulte que le processus de réhydratation des caséines micellaires diffère de celui des protéines solubles, et est extrêmement long avec trois étapes : une étape de mouillage des particules, suivie d'une étape de gonflement caractérisée par une augmentation de la taille des particules et enfin une étape de dispersion marquée par la diminution de la taille des particules. La réhydratation des protéines solubles est caractérisée par une grande rapidité, avec deux phases : le mouillage et la phase de dispersion (superposée). D'autre part, l'allongement de la durée de réhydratation des caséines micellaires est associé à une augmentation du point de gélification ainsi qu'à une nette amélioration des propriétés physiques, texturales et rhéologiques des gels : augmentation de leur fermeté et de leur force, diminution de la synérèse et de la formation de grumeaux. La durée de réhydratation des protéines solubles n'a pas d'influence sur ces paramètres. En revanche, leur dénaturation (par chauffage à sec) est associée à une dégradation des propriétés texturales des gels acides. Finalement, il s'avère que les gels acides formulés à partir des protéines solubles sont de meilleure qualité texturale (à l'exception de la formation de grumeaux) que ceux préparés à partir des caséines micellaires
The main objectives of this work were to elucidate the rehydration mechanism of the two major milk proteins (micellar casein and whey protein) into a complex and opaque medium such as milk and to assess the influence of hydration state (defined as a function of rehydration length after 5,120,180,240,300, 480, 900 and 1440 minutes of rehydration) on the rheological, textural, physical properties and microstructure of the obtained acid milk gels. Whereas, micellar casein presented a long rehydration process into milk characterized by three stages: a wetting, swelling and dispersion phase, whey protein displayed a quick rehydration process characterized by an overlapping of wetting and dispersion phase. Furthermore, an extended rehydration time of micellar casein powder into the milk base was associated with a postponed onset of gelation and enhanced physical, textural as well as rheological properties of the obtained acid milk gels characterized by increases in gel firmness, strength, and decreases in syneresis susceptibility and grains formation. In contrast, acid milk gels prepared with whey protein powder exhibited comparable overall textural properties regardless the different rehydration times. Nevertheless, denaturation of whey protein powder (by dry heating) was associated with a deterioration of the textural properties of the acid milk gels. Finally, acid gels prepared with whey proteins displayed better overall textural quality than those prepared with micellar casein (except for grains formation)

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Quainoo, Emmanuel W0bil. "METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTIGATION OF FLUORESCENT PHOSPHOINOSITIDE CELL SIGNALING PROPERTIES BY CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1271693846.

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Berlot, Isabelle. "Synthèse, caractérisation et étude électrochimique de tensioactifs dérivés du pyrrole." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10087.

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Ce memoire est consacre a la synthese, la caracterisation et l'etude electrochimique de nouveaux tensioactifs derives du pyrrole, analogues du dodecyltrimethylammonium et associes aux contre-ions br#-, no#-#3, tso#-, bf#-#4. La plupart forment des micelles en solution aqueuse. Une electrode selective du cation dodecyltrimethylammonium a ete utilisee pour determiner leurs concentrations micellaires critiques (cmc). Nous avons aussi montre que la voltammetrie cyclique permet dans certains cas de determiner la cmc en milieu electrolytique, en depit du caractere irreversible de l'oxydation de la sonde redox que constitue le pyrrole. On constate que l'introduction d'un motif pyrrole a l'extremite de la chaine hydrocarbonee (series a1 et a2) ne modifie pas la cmc de ces tensioactifs par rapport a leurs analogues sans pyrrole. Par contre si le pyrrole est situe sur la tete polaire (serie b1), leur cmc est plus basse. L'etude par rmn#1h a eclaire ces constatations, en precisant la localisation des divers groupements dans la micelle : le pyrrole se place dans le cur hydrophobe dans le cas des a1 et a2, alors qu'il se replie vers l'interieur de la micelle pres de la tete polaire pour les b1. Dans le cas particulier des tensioactifs associes a l'anion tosylate, nous avons constate que le tosylate penetre dans la micelle et s'intercale entre les groupes ammonium. L'etude electroanalytique a montre que ces composes s'adsorbent fortement sur carbone et que des films de polypyrrole peuvent croitre sur ces electrodes par electrooxydation de solutions micellaires. Ces films sont electroinactifs, mais d'epaisseurs significatives (20 a 1000 couches monomoleculaires). Les rendements de depots sont faibles (5 a 10%) dans le cas des a1 et a2, mais nettement plus importants (50%) dans le cas des b1. L'electropolymerisation de solutions micellaires des series a1 et a2 conduit majoritairement a la formation d'oligomeres solubles, de type polypyrrole suroxyde.

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16

Hajji, Mohammed Saïd. "Etude comparative de l'association hydrophobe en solution aqueuse de tensioactifs anioniques et cationiques et de divers alcane-diols et alcane-triols par mesures des masses volumiques, de la diffusion élastique et quasi-élastique de la lumière et des." Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132016.

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17

Al-shdifat, Laith Mohammad Hilal. "Approaches to Enhancing the Properties of a Promising Curcumin Analogue." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25786.

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A range of derivatives has previously been synthesized in order to overcome the stability and pharmacokinetic hurdles that hinder the in vivo investigation of the natural product, curcumin. One such derivative, pyrazole 15, has been demonstrated to inhibit the proliferation of a highly metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line (PC3). In this work, pyrazole analogues, 15 and 32 and the corresponding curcumin analogues, 30 and 31 were synthesized using a microwave-assisted technique. A stability study, and in silico assessment, of curcumin 1 and thirteen pyrazole analogues (15,17, and 32-42) was hindered by the poor solubility of these analogues, as a result of their hydrophobicities. An attempt to improve the solubility of pyrazole 15, through host-guest complexation with three macromolecules, γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) 46, p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene sCX[4] 48 and cucurbit[7]uril CB[7] 52, was unsuccessful, presumably due to the lack of sufficient bonding interactions or the incompatibility of the pyrazole with the hydrophobic cavities in these molecules. Eight polymeric micelle (PM) formulations were then fabricated with the aim of generating sufficient hydrophobicity to entrap pyrazole 15; seven formulations of the Pluronic® F127 72 based PMs, via the thin film hydration method, and one formulation incorporating POEGA-b-PS polymer based PMs (POEGA-b-PS-PMs 100), via the dialysis method. All the empty PMs were shown to be stable, with particle sizes below 52 nm and polydispersity indexes (PDI) below 0.34, indicating homogeneity and stability. F127-PMs 93 were not able to accommodate pyrazole 15 (size 253.7 ± 25.4, PDI 0.63 ± 0.13, and lowest %DL 0.29 ± 0.01). Increasing the hydrophobicity of Pluronic® F127 72 by adding TPGS 73 in different ratios, as in the mixed micelles FT41-PMs 94, FT21-PMs 95, FT32-PMs 96 and FT11-PMs 97, resulted in better stability, a higher degree of monodispersity and the encapsulation of the hydrophobic pyrazole 15 (particle sizes 30 – 55 nm, PDIs 0.15 - 0.25, and %DL 1.08 - 1.19). The addition of the targeting moiety [D-Lys6]-LHRH 75, to give the FLHRH-PMs 98, helped improve the adaptability for the drug (particle size 57.6 ± 13.7 nm, PDI 0.41 ± 0.17 and %DL 0.48 ± 0.01), but not to the same levels as the addition of the hydrophobic TPGS 73. Targeted mixed micelles FLHRHT32-PMs 99, reduced the particle size and the PDI, in comparison to targeted FLHRH-PMs 98 (without TPGS 73), as a result of increasing the hydrophobicity increases the stability (particle size 22.0 ± 0.2 nm, PDI 0.28 ± 0.03, and %DL 0.64 ± 0.05). POEGA-b-PS-PMs 100 displayed good stability in comparison to the Pluronic® F127 72 based PMs (particle size of 54.0 ± 0.3 nm and PDI 0.15 ± 0.01). Finally, the resazurin reduction assay and IncuCyte® imaging technique were used to evaluate the biological activity (% cell viability) of pyrazole 15 and four promising formulations in three types of cancer cell lines; (PC-3), (MDA-MB-231) and (MCF-7). The experimental GI50 values for pyrazole 15 using 1% DMSO as a co-solvent were 2.5 ± 0.58 µM in PC-3, 1.26 ± 0.22 µM in MDA-MB-231, and 4.39 ± 0.63 µM in MCF-7. Treatment with FLHRH-PMs 98 containing pyrazole 15 resulted in significant growth inhibition in comparison to the corresponding void in all three tested cell lines, while POEGA-b-PS-PMs 100 showed the same trend but did not produce any significant effect on MCF-7 cells. Treatment with TPGS-containing PMs (FT32-PMs 96 and FLHRHT32-PMs 99), resulted in growth inhibition, both in the presence and absence of pyrazole 15. These results suggest that these formulations can help improve pyrazole 15 solubility and thus enable further biological evaluation.

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18

Ovrén, Jakob. "Factors affecting the properties and behaviour of blockcopolymer micelles." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kemi - BMC, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-332970.

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Polymers are of fundamental importance to our society and can befound in many different products. Block copolymers are polymerswhich are divided up into distinct blocks of two or more differentmonomers. Block copolymers with regions of difference in polarityare capable of self assembling into ordered systems. These systemscan be tailored to be used for different purposes such as templatesfor material synthesis or drug delivery vehicles. The objective ofthis study was to investigate how different methods of preparing asample affect the micellar structures for the systems poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate) (PEHMA) - quaternized poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (qPDMAEMA) and poly(2-ethyl-hexylmethacrylate) (PEHMA)- poly(methacrylic acid)(PMAA). The parametersstudied were choice of cosolvent and order of mixing, i.e. mixingwater with polymer solution or polymer solution with water. Thestability over time of the micellar structures were studied as wellas the Zetapotential and adsorption to model silica surfaces. Theresults showed that using different cosolvents yielded a differencein size but not in micelle stability over time. The investigationalso showed that preparing the sample by adding polymer solution towater, versus adding water to polymer solution, yielded nosignificant difference in polymer size or stability. However as thestudy was done in small volumes the concentration gradient producedduring the two methods may not differ that much and using largersample volumes may produce different results. Using a triblockcopolymer over a diblock copolymer of a corresponding size yieldedvastly different results in size, stability and adsorption. Thetriblock polymer produced smaller more stable aggregates whichadsorbed quickly and the diblock copolymer produced large,polydisperse aggregates which started to aggregate after around 7days and adsorbed slowly.

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19

Zhao, Shangqing. "Coumarin-based molecular probes : exploring the spectroscopic properties of complex mixtures and applications in colloid chemistry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79176.

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Warfarin is a well-known anticoagulant drug that is used to prevent cardiovascular disease and blood coagulation such as thrombosis. In this study, the main aim was to investigate the photo physical characteristics of warfarin in the different molecular environments provided by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles by using ultraviolet absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopic techniques. Warfarin and a structural analogue not existing in solution as a cyclic hemiketal, phenprocoumon, were mixed with different concentrations of SDS and spectral changes for these warfarin and phenprocoumon were recorded. Interestingly, results demonstrated, based on an evident increase in the absorption intensity at 273 nm and an evident blue shift in the fluorescence emission spectrum after the addition of an increasing concentration of SDS, that primarily the cyclic hemiketal isomer of warfarin was found to be solvated by SDS micelles at an apparent recorded critical micelle concentration of ~8mM. Altogether these observations suggest that warfarin may be used as a molecular probe to explore the polarities of complex colloidal mixtures. Moreover, the possibility of using micelles for controlling the isomeric state of warfarin is interesting and can potentially be used for better controlling dosage of warfarin thereby reducing side effects.

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20

Cavaco, Carolina Cavaco M. Carolina. "Structural and dynamic properties of giant polymer-like lecithin reverse micelles /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10897.

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21

Kim, Dongwook. "Fundamental Properties of Thermo-Responsive Entirely Ionic PIC (Polyion Complex) Micelles." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263683.

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22

Bahri, Hamed. "Thermodynamique dans les milieux diphasés dispersés : cas des solutions micellaires et des microémulsions." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066280.

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Déduction de relations théoriques générales liant dans les systèmes liquides diphasés, les grandeurs observables "globales" aux grandeurs "locales" dans les différentes phases. Exposé de définitions et de notions thermodynamiques. Etablissement de relations générales pour les grandeurs molaires partielles. Etudes du cas d'un système réel : bromures d'alkyltrimethylammonium en milieu eau-kcl, qui montre que les solutions micellaires en milieu salin concentré peuvent être considérées comme un système diphasé. Données sur le partage d'un soluté moléculaire aniline en milieu micellaire. Etudes des volumes molaires partiels des constituants d'une microémulsion, etc. . .

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23

Meng, Qingguo. "Preparation, characterization and luminescent properties of organic-inorganic hybrids processed by wet impregnation of mesoporous silica." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CLF22566.

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Ce travail décrit la synthèse et la caractérisation physico-chimique de nanocomposites hybrides obtenus par imprégnation en voie liquide de bétâ-dicétonates d'Europium dans des silices mésoporeuses structurées aux tensio-actifs de type MCM-48 et MCM-41, post-fonctionnalisées ou non. La caractérisation des matériaux par ICP, spectroscopie électronique, diffraction des rayons X, thermogravimétrie, isothermes d'adsorption d'azote, RMN, spectroscopies UV-Vis et IR a permis de confirmer et de quantifier l'incorporation des complexes dans les pores de ces réseaux de silice. Les propriétés de photoluminescence de ces hybrides ont été également évaluées et les mécanismes gouvernant les interactions entre les parties organiques et inorganiques analysés dans le cadre de la théorie de Judd-Ofelt. Des conclusions sont avancées pour le design de systèmes hybrides hautement luminescents pour des températures d'usage de 60-70°C, généralement rédhibitoires pour les complexes organiques seuls

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24

Couillet, Isabelle. "The dynamic properties of aqueous mixtures of wormlike micelles and associating biopolymers." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/COUILLET_Isabelle_2005.pdf.

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25

Gonçalves, Pablo José. "Estudos das características fotofísicas da porfirina mesotetrasulfonatofenil (TPPS4): efeitos da protonação e interação com micelas de CTAB." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-20052009-134257/.

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Neste trabalho, estudamos as características fotofísicas da porfirina mesotetrasulfonatofenil (TPPS4) em sua forma protonada e não protonada. Foi obtido o conjunto completo dos parâmetros fotofísicos de estados excitados da TPPS4 em solução aquosa e na presença de micelas do surfactante catiônico brometo de cetiltrimetilamônio (CTAB). Os parâmetros obtidos foram: seções de choque do estado fundamental e dos excitados singleto e tripleto, tempos de vida dos estados excitados singleto e tripleto, taxas de decaimento radiativo, da conversão interna e do cruzamento intersistemas e rendimentos quânticos da fluorescência e do estado tripleto. Foram empregadas as técnicas ópticas lineares espectroscópicas de absorção UV/Vis, de fluorescência estática e resolvida no tempo, flash-fotólise e uma técnica óptica não linear Varredura-Z. Comparando os dados obtidos com os da literatura confirmamos que a técnica Varredura-Z em todos os regimes utilizados é confiável e útil para estudo das características dos estados excitados. Foi observado que a protonação afeta todos os parâmetros obtidos: aumenta todas as taxas da decaimento da energia de excitação, diminuindo assim os tempos de vida dos estados excitados, aumenta o rendimento quântico da fluorescência e diminui o do estado tripleto. Através de dois regimes da Varredura-Z: amplificação paramétrica (OPA) e de pulsos ultracurtos de luz branca (LB), foi obtido o espectro de absorção do estado singleto excitado na região de 460 a 800 nm. Foi observado que a forma da TPPS4 protonada possui uma alta absorção do estado singleto excitado na região de 460 a 620 nm. Analisando os resultados obtidos podemos concluir que a TPPS4 é um composto promissor para aplicação como limitador óptico na região espectral visível e como uma chave óptica, sendo que na forma não protonada ela será eficiente na escala de femto- a picossegundos, enquanto que na forma protonada na escala de femto- a nanossegundos. Na presença de micelas de CTAB os parâmetros obtidos estão próximos dos valores encontrados para porfirina não protonada e completamente diferente daqueles da forma protonada. Além disso, na aplicação da Varredura-Z em regime LB foi observado um efeito acumulativo, devido à dispersão temporal da luz branca (chirp). Este efeito é mais pronunciado para forma protonada, devido sua banda Q de absorção coincidir com a região de maior potência da luz branca.
In this work, we study photophysical characteristics of meso-tetrakis sulphonatophenyl porphyrin (TPPS4) in protonated and nonprotonated states. We obtained the whole set of photophysical parameters of TPPS4 excited states in homogeneous aqueous solution and in the presence of micelles from cationic detergent cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The parameters obtained were: ground and excited singlet and triplet states cross sections; intersystemcrossing, internal conversion and radiative rate constants; singlet and triplet states life times and fluorescence and triplet state quantum yields. The techniques employed were linear optical ones: UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, time-resolved fluorescence, flash-photolysis, and nonlinear Z-scan. We have confirmed, comparing obtained date with those from literature, that Z-scan in all its applied regimes is reliable and useful to study the excited state characteristics. It was observed that protonation affects all TPPS4 photophysical parameters: increases all rate constants of the excited energy dissipation thus reducing the excited state lifetimes, increases the fluorescence quantum yield and reduces the triplet state quantum yield. The singlet excited state absorption spectrum was obtained in the 460-800 nm region, with two Z-scan regimes: optical parametric amplification - OPA with 120-140 fs pulses and white light ultrashort pulses. It was observed that the protonated TPPS4 form possesses intense absorption of its singlet excited state in the 460-620 nm region. Basing on the obtained date analysis we can conclude that TPPS4 is promising for application as optical limiters in the visible spectral range and optical switching: in its nonprotonated form it can be effective in the range from femto- up to picoseconds while in its protonated form in the range from femto- up to nanoseconds. In the presence of CTAB micelles the TPPS4 parameters were close to those found for its nonprotonated state and completely different from the values for the protonated one. Besides, we observed an accumulative effect due to white light time dispersion (chirp), which was more pronounced for the protonated state, since its Q absorption band coincided with white light high potency region.

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26

Hajhassan, Houssein. "Synthese et etude de la structure et de proprietes de lipopeptides amphipatiques." Orléans, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ORLE2007.

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Des lipopeptides amphipathes ont ete synthetises : suivant la methode utilisee. On obtient des lipsamino-acides ou des lipopeptides ; etude par diffraction x, proprietes tensio-actives, pouvoir emulsifiant. Par le test d'hemolyse, il a ete montre que certains lipopeptides ont une hemocompatibilite similaire a celles des meilleurs tensio-actifs bicatenaires

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27

García, Daza Fabián Alonso. "Coarse-Grained Mean-Field Simulations of Surfactant Micelles: Static and Dynamic Equilibrium Properties." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396177.

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Les molècules de surfactants estan compostes per seccions hidrofíliques i hidrofòbiques del qual les interaccions oposades amb el medi solvent deriven en un comportament particular on, a una concentració de surfactant coneguda com la concentració crítica micel·lar (CMC), els surfactants s'associen en micel·les. No obstant això, malgrat el gran nombre de treballs de simulació, experimentals i teòrics, sembla estar encara incomplet l'enteniment a nivell microscòpic de l'acte assemblage de surfactants en agregats micelars. A la recerca d'un millor enteniment del procés de micelización i el seu impacte en propietats microscòpiques i macroscòpiques, aquest treball fa servir el mètode single-chain mean-field (SCMF) per a un grup de sistemes de surfactants representats per una sèrie de models de grans. En particular, el treball aborda: (i) l'estudi de propietats estàtiques d'equilibri per a diferents sistemes de surfactants i l'anàlisi de desviacions experimentals de propietats d'equilibri per surfactants gemini del qual les escales de longitud disminueixen la possibilitat de ser estudiats pels mètodes de simulació usuals, i, (ii) el desenvolupament d'una versió dinàmica del SCMF per obtenir propietats dinàmiques en equilibri que ens permetin estudiar el fenomen d'intercanvi cinètic en sistemes micelars.
Las moléculas de surfactantes están compuestas por secciones hidrofílicas e hidrofóbicas cuyas interacciones opuestas con el medio solvente derivan en un comportamiento particular donde, a una concentración de surfactante conocida como la concentración crítica micelar (CMC), los surfactants se asocian en micelas. No obstante, a pesar del gran número de trabajos de simulación, experimentales y teóricos, parece estar aún incompleto el entendimiento a nivel microscópico del auto ensamblaje de surfactantes en agregados micelares. En busca de un mejor entendimiento del proceso de micelización y su impacto en propiedades microscópicas y macroscópicas, este trabajo usa el método single-chain mean-field (SCMF) para un grupo de sistemas de surfactantes representados por una serie de modelos de granos. En particular, el trabajo aborda: (i) el estudio de propiedades estáticas de equilibrio para diferentes sistemas de surfactantes y el análisis de desviaciones experimentales de propiedades de equilibrio para surfactantes gemini cuyas escalas de longitud disminuyen la posibilidad de ser estudiados por los métodos de simulación usuales, y, (ii) el desarrollo de una versión dinámica del SCMF para obtener propiedades dinámicas en equilibrio que nos permitan estudiar el fenómeno de intercambio cinético en sistemas micelares.
Surfactants molecules are composed by hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties whose opposite interactions with the solvent medium result in a particular behavior where, at a surfactant concentration known as the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the surfactants self-associate into micelles. However, despite the wide number of simulation, experimental and theoretical works, microscopic understanding of the self-assembly of surfactants into micellar aggregates seems to be still incomplete. Looking for a deep knowledge of the micellization process and its impact on microscopic and macroscopic properties, this work is aimed to use the single-chain mean-field (SCMF) theory for a diverse set of surfactant systems represented by a series of coarse-grained models. In particular, the work coverages the following: (i) the study of static equilibrium properties of different surfactant systems and the analysis of experimental deviations of equilibrium properties for gemini surfactant systems whose length scales decrease the possibility of being studied by regular simulation methods, and, (ii) development of a dynamic version of the SCMF scheme, to obtain dynamic equilibrium properties that enable us to study kinetics exchange phenomena in micellar systems.

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Pires, Paulo Augusto Rodrigues. "Síntese e propriedades de soluções de tensoativos catiônicos derivados de (3-dimetilaminopropil)amidas de ácidos carboxílicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46135/tde-06102003-163601/.

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Duas séries homólogas de tensoativos foram sintetizadas, os cloretos de benzil-(3-acilaminopropil)dimetilamônio, RCONH(CH'ind.2')3N'pot.+'(CH'ind.3')]pot.2'CH'pot.2'C'pot.6'H'pot.5'Cl'pot.-'e (3-acilaminopropil)trimetilamônio, RCONH[(CH'pot.2')]'ind.3'N'pot.+'(CH'ind.3')'pot.3'Cl'ind. -' , onde RCO = C'ind.10' a C'ind.16'. A síntese foi realizada a partir de precursor comum, RCONH(CH'ind.2')'pot.3'N'(CH'ind.3')ind.2', sendo a quaternização feita pela reação com cloreto de benzila e iodeto de metila (seguido de troca iônica), respectivamente. Investigou-se a adsorção na interface solução/ar, a micelização e a estrutura dos agregados formados. Os resultados foram comparados com os de tensoativos catiônicos. Algumas das propriedades micelares das séries estudadas (ex: concentrações micelares críticas, graus de dissociação, números de agregação) tem valores na mesma faixa de grandeza dos outros tensoativos catiônicos com o mesmo tamanho de cadeia hidrofóbica. Outras, por exemplo, a energias livres de Gibbs de adsorção e micelização são diferentes (mais favoráveis). Os resultados apontam para o fato de que o grupo 3-amidopropila, [-CO-NH-CH'ind.2'-CH'ind.2'-CH'ind.2'-], quando inserido na molécula do tensoativo, acaba constituindo parte do seu grupo hidrofílico e facilita a micelização do mesmo. A polaridade microscópica da água interfacial foi determinada usando sondas solvatocrômicas e mostra que a água interfacial é menos polar que água 'bulk'.
The following surfactants have been synthesized: benzyl-(3-acyl-aminopropyl)dimethylammonium chloride, RCONH(CH'ind.2')'ind.3'N'pot.+'(CH'ind.3')'ind.2'CH'ind.2'C'ind.6'H'ind.5' Cl'pot.-' and (3-acylaminopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, RCONH(CH'ind.2')'ind.3'N'pot.+'(CH'ind.3')'ind.3' Cl'ind.-', where RCO = C'ind.10' to C'ind.16'. The two series have been synthesized from the precursor RCONH(CH2)3N(CH3)2, by quaternization with benzyl chloride, and/or methyl iodide (followed by ion exchange), respectively. Adsorption at solution/air interface and micellization in aqueous solution has been studied, and the results compared with those of other cationic surfactants. Some properties, e.g., critical micelle concentrations, degrees of micelle dissociation, and aggregation numbers are similar to those of other cationic surfactants of equivalent hydrophobic chain length. The Gibbs free energies of adsorption at solution/air interface, and of micellization are, however, more favorable. The group [-CO-NH-CH'ind.2'-CH'ind.2'-CH'ind.2'-] is a part of the interface, and lead to favorable micellization. The microscopic polarity of interfacial water has been measured by appropriate solvatochromic probes, and is less than that of bulk water.

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Wang, Chengle. "Controlled synthesis and properties of layered double hydroxides." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:80fc02cc-3e79-438f-9985-ae1663fc5554.

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The aims of this thesis are concerned with the synthesis of layered double hydroxide nanoparticles with controlled morphology and particle size distribution and an investigation of their physical properties. An introduction of layer double hydroxide chemistry, especially existing synthetic approaches, is reviewed in Chapter 1. Structural investigations, characterisation techniques, the properties and the applications of LDHs are discussed consecutively. The first successful synthesis of lithium aluminium nanorods using the hydrothermal treatment of a gibbsite precursor with a rod-like morphology is described in Chapter 2. The rod morphology is depicted using electron microscopy and confirmed by comparing refined X-ray diffraction patterns to a standard sample. Chapter 3 describes the application of reverse microemulsion method to prepare Co-Al and Ni-Al LDH nanoplatelets. The LDH particle sizes can be effectively controlled, and the structures of the nanoplatelets are investigated. The magnetic properties of the LDH nanoplatelets are dependent on the size of the nanoplatelets. A novel single component microemulsion system for the synthesis of LDHs is developed in Chapter 4. Mg-Al LDH nanoplatelets were successfully synthesised with precise particle size control. The factors affecting the formation of the microemulsions and the mechanism of the synthesis are discussed. Chapter 5 focuses on the applications of the novel single component microemulsion methods to prepare a range of LDHs with different metal combinations including Co-Al, Ni-Al, Zn-Al, Li-Al, Ca-Al, and Ni-Fe. This method proves very effective at controlling the particle sizes. The magnetic properties of the LDHs containing paramagnetic transition metal centres have been studied in detail. In Chapter 6, the DIFFaX program has been used to simulate the XRD patterns of layered structures. The factors influencing the XRD patterns in these materials have been systematically investigated including the effects of particle size, stacking faults, and disorder. The XRD patterns of materials described in previous chapters are simulated using the latest DIFFaX+ code in order to estimate the particle sizes and stacking sequences. The characterising techniques and the experimental details are listed in Chapter 7.

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Foster, Jeffrey. "Synthesis, Properties, and Biology of Advanced H2S-Releasing Materials." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85401.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenously produced signaling gas involved in numerous cellular functions. At the appropriate concentration, exogenous administration of this gasotransmitter regulates vasodilation, promotes angiogenesis of endothelial cells, and generally exhibits beneficial effects as an anti-inflammatory and antioperoxidative agent. H2S is also capable of acting as a gaseous chemotherapeutic agent. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of exogenous delivery of H2S is vast. The delivery of H2S is complicated by its gaseous nature. Under physiologically relevant conditions, H2S is rapidly depleted from solution by oxidation and/or degassing. Therefore, direct exogenous delivery is difficult. To date, most studies have employed Na2S as a convenient H2S source. However, the rapid surge in H2S concentration upon Na2S dissolution followed by its rapid decline poorly mimics the sustained production of low concentrations of H2S that occurs in biological systems. We synthesized a library of S-aroylthiooximes (SATOs)—H2S-releasing compounds that more aptly mimic in vivo H2S concentrations. SATOs are synthesized via reaction of a S-aroylthiohydroxylamine and an aldehyde or ketone. SATOs release H2S in response to a thiol functionality. H2S release from SATOs could be controlled, with H2S release half-lives on the order of minutes to hours. SATO chemistry was utilized to prepare H2S-releasing polymers. Copolymers prepared using RAFT polymerization could be functionalized with SATOs with conversions > 99%, and these polymers released H2S on a similar timescale to our small molecule donors, confirming the viability of SATO formation as a post-polymerization modification strategy. SATO-functionalized polymer amphiphiles were prepared that self-assembled into micelles or vesicles based on their composition. H2S was released from these polymer assemblies more slowly than from the small molecules and statistical polymers. These H2S-releasing micelles were employed in in vitro cytotoxicity studies. H2S released from the micelles was found to be selectively toxic to human colon cancer cells compared with healthy fibroblasts. These polymeric micelle donors outperformed existing H2S donors in terms of their toxicity towards cancer cells. The observed enhanced toxicity was suspected to arise from the slow and sustained release of H2S from the micelles.
Ph. D.

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31

Soemo, Angela Renee. "Microenvironment of Monorhamnolipid Biosurfactant Aggregates and Monorhamnolipid Effects on Aqueous Dispersion Properties of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293563.

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The purpose of this dissertation was two-fold: 1) explore the micelle structure and microenvironment of monorhamnolipids (mRL), produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and their mixtures with synthetic surfactants in order to postulate possible applications of these materials in industrial products and 2) examine the effects of mRL on commercial metal oxide nanoparticle (NP) aqueous dispersion behavior to reveal the potential impact of microbial secondary metabolites on NP fate and transport in the environment. The mixing behavior of mRL with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) was measured using surface tensiometry. Electrostatics resulted in cooperative enhancement in mixture properties, but were not significant until α(CPC) ≥ 0.25. Steady-state and time resolved fluorescence quenching measurements in mRL micelles revealed that quenching proceeded via a combined static and dynamic mechanism. Static quenching was preferred in mRL illustrating the reactants form a globular micelle. Changing the structure of the reactants displayed changes in the degree and mechanism of quenching further supporting this aggregate model. Fluorescence measurements on mRL-Tween 20 micelles supported that a geometrically-driven shape transition occurs as mRL decreases. The corresponding decrease in probe lifetime indicated the polarity of the micelle was decreasing. Tween "sealed" the mRL micelles making them less susceptible to water penetration. The effect of mRL on metal oxide NP dispersions was evaluated on adsorption strength, NP aggregate size and stability, and zeta potential under different conditions. Silica NPs showed little adsorption of mRL and was impervious to all variables in altering the solution stable aggregate size. NP aggregate size decreased at very high mRL concentrations due to osmotic and electrosteric repulsions of mRL micelles in solution. Titania, despite expectations, indicated fairly low adsorption of mRL and displayed similar aggregate dispersion stability as that of silica. Spectroscopic investigations exposed that the commercial titania NPs were contaminated with silica altering NP surface properties. Zinc oxide (ZnO) dispersions were substantially affected by the adsorption of mRL. Without mRL, ZnO NPs were unstable independent of pH. The addition of mRL stabilized the ZnO dispersions and lowered the zeta potentials. Furthermore, mRL coating prevented the dissolution of ZnO, the major factor implicated in ZnO toxicity.

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Looney, Melissa Ann. "Characterization of changes in composition and physicochemical properties of casein micelles from raw milk to buttermilk." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1162.

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It is well-documented that buttermilk has poor coagulation properties due to changes that occur to the casein micelles during the butter-making process. These modifications are generally attributed to the pasteurization of the cream upon which interactions between the proteins are promoted. It was hypothesized that churning is also a critical step for the changes that occur in composition of the casein micelles. The objective of this work was to learn more about the interactions that occur between casein micelles and MFGM components during the butter making process. Raw cream was processed using a rotary churn at 18°C for approximately 30 minutes, and buttermilk was collected for analysis. Raw milk was skimmed at 10°C by centrifuging at 3000 x g for 20 minutes. Cream, skim milk and buttermilk were centrifuged at 60,000 x g for 40 minutes twice using imidazole buffer at pH 6.8 in order to isolate the micellar content in the pellet. Variation in physical properties of the casein micelles was determined using a Malvern Zetasizer. Protein profiles of UP cream, skim milk, and buttermilk were analyzed using one and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technique. Experiments were performed using three different batches of UP cream, skim milk and buttermilk. Statistical analyses showed that processing the buttermilk significantly increased the surface charge (P0.05). Our results also indicate that churning of cream promoted interactions between casein micelles and MFGM proteins as shown by the more complex 2D-gel electrophoresis pattern obtained for casein micelles sedimented from buttermilk. This work is significant in its focus of better understanding the functionality changes of valuable milk components during the churning of cream.

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Alajlouni, Ruba. "Membrane binding properties of Disabled-2." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76980.

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Disabled-2 (Dab2) is an adapter protein that interacts with cell membranes and it is involved in several biological processes including endocytosis and platelet aggregation. During endocytosis, the Dab2 phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain mediates protein binding to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and helps co-localization with clathrin coats. Dab2, released from platelet alpha granules, inhibits platelet aggregation by binding to the °IIb? integrin receptor on the platelet surface through an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif located within the PTB domain. Alternatively, Dab2 binds sulfatides on the platelets surface, and this binding partition Dab2 in two pools (sulfatide and integrin receptor-bound states), but the biological consequences of lipid binding remain unclear. Dab2 binds sulfatides through two basic motifs located on its N-terminal region including the PTB domain (N-PTB). We have characterized the binding of Dab2 to micelles, which are widely used to mimic biological membranes. These micellar interactions were studied in the absence and presence of Dab2 lipid ligands, sulfatides and PIP2. By applying multiple biochemical, biophysical, and structural techniques, we found that whereas Dab2 N-PTB binding to PIP2 stabilized the protein but did not contribute to the penetration of the protein into micelles, sulfatides induced conformational changes and facilitated penetration of Dab2 N-PTB into micelles. This is in agreement with previous observation that sulfatides, but not PIP2, protect Dab2 N-PTB from thrombin cleavage. By studying the mechanism by which Dab2 targets membranes, we will have the opportunity to manipulate its function in different lipid-dependent biological processes.
Master of Science

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34

Managa, Muthumuni Elizabeth. "Photophysical properties and photodynamic therapy activities of symmetrical and asymmetrical porphyrins embedded into Pluronic polymer micelles and nonlinear optical properties of an asymmetrical phthalocyanine." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67625.

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This work reports on the synthesis of symmetrical and asymmetrical novel porphyrins that have been incorporated into Pluronic polymers, as well as the synthesis of asymmetrical phthalocyanine. The new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), mass spectrometry and UV–Visible spectroscopy. The porphyrins that are synthesised were not water soluble but upon incorporating into Pluronic polymer micelles, they became water soluble. The polymer was also modified and linked to folic acid, to enhance selectivity for photodynamic therapy application, where MCF7 breast cancer cells were used. The singlet oxygen quantum yields were lower for the metal free porphyrins as compared to metalled ones due to the heavy atom effect of ClGa, Zn and Cl2Si in the latter which encourages intersystem crossing to the triplet state. Singlet oxygen quantum yields for water soluble derivatives increased upon being encapsulated into the micelles for all. The Stern-Volmer constant (Ksv), binding constant (Kb) and number of binding sites (n) were investigated in order to understand the interaction between the polymer micelles and the porphyrins, and it was showed that the central metals play a role in the manner which the porphyrin interacts with the micelles. The dark toxicity and photodynamic activity of the novel porphyrins upon encapsulating to Pluronic polymer micelles is also reported. There was minimal dark toxicity for all complexes with > 90% cell survival. The photodynamic activity of water insoluble porphyrins improved when encapsulated into the micelles. Novel asymmetrical phthalocyanines were also synthesised for nonlinear optics (NLO) studies in solution and thin films.

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35

Shah, Kunal Jayendrabhai. "Study of properties and behavior of surfactants and micelles at the solid/liquid interface using molecular dynamics simulations." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0009642.

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Saltoun, Kelly Yecheskel. "An investigation of the synthesis and properties of nano crystalline Y2O3:Eu3+ (prepared using micelle-based precursors)." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8759.

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The work described in this thesis was aimed at understanding the reactions taking place on heating Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphor precursors in the nano particle size regime. Herein combustion syntheses to prepare nanometer sized crystallites of cubic Y2O3:Eu3+ using precursors containing sacrificial long chain alkylammonium cations (the fuel) are reported. Using this method it proved possible to produce cubic Y2O3:Eu3+ crystallites in the 20-70nm size range. The presence of CO2 bands in the infra red spectra of the surface of the cubic Y2O3:Eu3+ crystallites are also reported. These bands are identical in position to those found in [(Y, Eu)OHCO3.H2O], and are explained as arising from the spontaneous reaction of the surface of the nanometer sized particles of cubic Y2O3:Eu3+ with atmospheric CO2 and water vapour. This indicates that nanometer sized particles of cubic Y2O3:Eu3+ are thermodynamically unstable in the atmosphere and must be protected against such back reactions. This could be done with surface coatings. Precursors of the products were prepared from methanolic and ethanolic solutions and then these were fired at temperatures of 650 and 900°C. Products (samples) prepared at a temperature of 900°C were observed to be all white powders in colour. Under 254nm uv excitation the samples prepared at 650°C displayed a weak red luminescence which was in contrast to the strong red luminescence from the samples prepared at 900°C that is characteristic of the Eu3+ ion in cubic Y2O3. The strongest red luminescence comes from 1:3 material sample ratios prepared at 900°C. The understanding of the chemistry behind the reactions and the characterisation and properties of the products formed are the major aims of the work reported here.

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Zhou, Jian Sheng. "Correlation entre tension interfaciale et composition de la couche adsorbee de systemes diphasiques capable de donner des microemulsions : influence de l'alcool comme cotensioactif." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066674.

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La composition de la couche adsorbee a l'interface de systemes diphasiques : eau+nacl; dodecane, dodecylsulfate de sodium ou dodecylbenzenesulfonate comme agent de surface et butanol, pentanol ou alcool benzylique comme coagent de surface, est determinee par application de la loi de gibbs

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38

Zhang, Ying. "Correlations among surfactant drag reduction additive chemical structures, rheological properties and microstructures in water and water/co-solvent systems." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1124255735.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxxiv, 429 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 402-429). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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39

Wei, Ting. "A dairy-based beverage development by alpha-lactalbumin/beta-lactoglobulin ratio adjustment for dysphagia patients." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17649.

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Master of Science
Department of Food Science
Karen A. Schmidt
People who suffer from swallowing disorders are diagnosed with dyphasgia. The beverage for the dyphagia patients should have the apparent viscosity in the range of nectar-like (51 to 350 mPa•s) or honey-like (351 to 1750 mPa•s). Due to the swallowing problems, dysphagia patients usually consume beverages slowly. Thus, the apparent viscosity of beverage for such patients should be high enough to be in the suitable range during the entire time of consumption. Three ratios of α-lactalbumin (α-la)/β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) (3:8, 1:1 and 8:3) were used to prepare the milk systems. These ratio adjusted milk systems were either processed at 70, 80, and 90ºC for 30 min or at 25ºC, and cooled to 25 ± 1ºC. After the process was completed, the milk systems were set quiescently 120 min at 25 ±1ºC. Physical and chemical properties were assessed at various time. For the milk systems at 0 min, the apparent viscosity increased in all 90°C processed-samples, and the increase was in the order of 8:3 (15.96%), 1:1 (6.38%) and 3:8 (2.11%) compared with the 25ºC samples at each ratio. When the milk systems set for 120 min, apparent viscosity increased slightly by 3.7%. The maximum apparent viscosity was 2.18 mPa•s, which was less than nectar-like. Therefore, xanthan gum was added at 0.15 w/w % to enhance rheological properties of the milk systems. α-La/β-lg ratio adjusted milk systems either with or without xanthan gum were prepared, and processed at 90ºC or 25ºC, and cooled to 25 ± 1ºC. Apparent viscosity increased by 48.61 and 89.61% in 3:8 and 8:3 milk systems, respectively for those at 0.15% xanthan gum concentration and processed at 90ºC compared with at 25ºC. Apparent viscosity of 8:3 milk systems at xanthan gum concentration of 0.15% processed at 90°C was 58.7 ± 2.12 mPa•s which was within the nectar-like range. When the samples were set for 120 min, no changes were found in the apparent viscosity of the milk systems. If the rheological properties of the milk systems can be controlled by ingredients interactions, this can be used to develop nutritious products with different forms for dysphagia patients.

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Varvarenko, S. M., N. V. Puzko, A. S. Voronov, I. A. Dron, I. T. Tarnavchyk, N. G. Nosova, V. Ja Samaryk, and S. A. Voronov. "Colloidal and Chemical Properties of Polyesters Based on Glutamic Acid and Diols of Different Nature." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35074.

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The paper describes synthesis method and colloid-chemical properties of novel α-amino acid based polyesters with controllable hydrophilic-lipophillic balance. Glutamic acid and diols of different nature based polyesters were obtained via low-temperature activated polyesterefication. Such polymers are able to form micellar structures in self-stabilized water dispersion. Solubilization of water insoluble dyes Sudan and toluene in polymer water solution was studied. Due to micelle forming ability and prognosticated biodegradability to non-toxic products, obtained polymers are promising materials for formation of novel dispersed drug delivery systems. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35074

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41

Lima, Isamara Julia Camuri de. "Propriedades de agregação do composto bioativo Artepilina C e interações com agregados anfifílicos de interesse biológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-25102018-021552/.

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A própolis verde brasileira é um dos produtos de abelha mais consumidos no mundo devido às suas atividades antioxidantes, antiinflamatórias, antimicrobianas e antitumorais. Coletada pela espécie Apis mellifera, esta própolis possui a maior porcentagem de Artepilina C dentre as demais própolis. A molécula, derivada do ácido cinâmico, possui dois grupos prenilados, o que favorece a afinidade do composto pelo ambiente lipofílico. Um grupo carboxila também está presente na estrutura da Artepilina C, tornando-a um composto sensível ao pH, o que pode modular sua atividade biológica relacionada a interações com a membrana celular de organismos e tecidos. Neste trabalho investigamos as propriedades da Artepilina C em solução aquosa e interações entre Artepilina C e agregados anfifílicos comumente usados como modelos de membranas, ou seja, micelas e vesículas unilamelares, usando absorção óptica e espectroscopias de fluorescência em estado estacionário e resolvida no tempo. O grupo carboxila pode estar tanto na forma protonada quanto na forma desprotonada, mostrando equilíbrio em pH 4,65. Em pH abaixo do valor de pKa, uma banda de absorção aumentou em torno de 350 nm em concentração de Artepillin C acima de 50 M devido à agregação da molécula. Em pH neutro, com excitação a 310 nm, a Artepilina C apresenta dupla emissão a 400 e 450 nm, onde a segunda pode estar relacionada com diferentes interações entre as formas isoméricas da molécula. O tempo de vida fluorescente foi ajustado por uma função triexponencial, dominada por uma componente muito curta, em torno de 60 ps. Desta forma, a emissão fluorescente ocorreu antes da despolarização, resultando em valores muito altos de anisotropia de fluorescência. A interação da Artepilina C e membranas modelo foi estudada com micelas aniônicas, catiônicas e zwitteriônicas (respectivamente SDS, CTAB e HPS) e com vesículas unilamelares grandes de DMPC, DMPG e DODAB. Devido às cargas na superfície das micelas e das vesículas, o pH local é diferente do meio (bulk) e os espectros de absorção óptica mostraram que o estado de protonação do composto depende deste pH local. A polaridade em torno da Artepilina C diminuiu na presença de micelas e vesículas de acordo com os espectros de emissão de fluorescência, levando-nos a acreditar que a molécula está localizada na interface água/lipídio. A carga negativa do composto em estado desprotonado favorece a interação com micelas catiônicas e vesículas neutras. Os efeitos são mais proeminentes quando vesícula lipídica está na fase fluida.
Brazilian green propolis is one of the most consumed bee product in the world because of its known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antitumor activities. Collected by the species Apis mellifera, this propolis has the major percentage of Artepillin C among others worldwide propolis. The molecule, derived of cinnamic acid, has two prenylated groups, which improves the affinity of the compound for lipophilic environment. A carboxylic group is also present in the Artepillin C structure, making it a pH-sensitive compound, what may modulate its biological activity related to interactions with the cellular membrane of organisms and tissues. In this work we investigated the properties of Artepillin C on aqueous solution and interactions between Artepillin C and amphiphilic aggregates commonly used as membrane models, namely, micelles and unilamellar vesicles, using optical absorption, steady state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopies. The carboxyl group may be either in protonated or deprotonated form, showing equilibrium at pH 4,65. In pH below the pKa value, an absorption band raised around 350 nm at Artepillin C concentration above 50 M, due to aggregation of the molecule. In neutral pH, with excitation at 310 nm, Artepillin C presents dual emission at 400 and 450 nm, where the second one could be related with different interactions between isomeric forms of the molecule. The fluorescent lifetime is a three-exponential function dominated by a very short component, around 60 ps. Therefore, the emission occurred before fluorescence depolarization, resulting in very high values of fluorescence anisotropy. The interaction of Artepillin C and membrane models was studied with anionic, cationic and zwitterionic (respectively SDS, CTAB and HPS) micelles, and with large unilamellar vesicles of DMPC, DMPG and DODAB. Due to the charges in micelles and in vesicles surfaces, the local pH was different from the bulk and the optical absorption spectra showed that the protonation state of the compound depends on this pH. The polarity around Artepillin C decreased in the presence of micelles and vesicles according to fluorescence emission spectra, leading us to believe that the molecule should be located at the water/lipid interface. The negative charge of the compound in deprotonated state favors the interaction with cationic micelles and neutral vesicles. The effects are more prominent when the lipid vesicles are in the fluid phase

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Peng, Haonan. "Synthesis of spin crossover micro-and nano-particles and study of the effect of their sizes and morphologies on their bistability properties." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30082/document.

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De nos jours, l'idée qu'une molécule puisse être utilisée comme élément actif dans un dispositif électronique stimule l'activité scientifique des laboratoires de chimie et de physique dans le monde entier. Les demandes technologiques en termes de capacité de stockage d'informations sont en croissance exponentielle et repose maintenant sur le développement des nanosciences. L'objectif consiste à stocker les données aussi rapidement que possible dans un dispositif aussi petit que possible. Une des stratégies les plus prometteuses est basée sur le concept de bistabilité moléculaire : la commutation entre deux états électroniques de la molécule de la même manière qu'un interrupteur binaire. Il est ainsi possible de passer d'une manière réversible et de façon détectable d'un état (OFF = 0) à un autre état (ON = 1) sous l'influence d'un stimulus externe contrôlé. Le phénomène de transition de spin (TS) qui commute le système entre états haut spin (HS) et bas spin (BS) est un exemple typique de bistabilité moléculaire. Les deux états peuvent être distingués par des propriétés magnétiques, optiques et structurelles différentes ; ces modifications pouvant être provoquées par différent stimuli comme la température, la lumière, la pression, un champ magnétique ou l'inclusion d'une molécule invitée. Lorsque les changements structurels associés à la transition de spin sont transmis d'une manière coopérative à travers les molécules du réseau, les transitions se produisent de manière abrupte et éventuellement s'accompagnent de boucle d'hystérésis (transition du premier ordre). Ainsi, les matériaux moléculaires à transition de spin devraient offrir de nombreuses possibilités en termes d'applications dans le domaine de l'électronique, le stockage de l'information, l'affichage numérique, la photonique et le photo-magnétisme. Parmi les différentes familles de composés, les polymères de coordination suscitent beaucoup d'intérêts en raison de leur bistabilité proche de la température ambiante. Le choix judicieux des ligands et des contre-anions permet de moduler les propriétés finales de ces composés, et même dans certains cas, de combiner de manière synergétique des propriétés physiques différentes. Le travail développé dans ces travaux de thèse vise à répondre aux différentes questions liées au défi des polymères de coordination à base de matériaux à transition de spin à l'échelle nanométrique. La synthèse de matériaux inorganiques bistables, leur développement dans des nanoparticules, des couches minces, leur organisation ainsi que leurs propriétés physiques sont présentés. Les matériaux à l'échelle microscopique ont généralement les mêmes propriétés physiques que celles mesurées à l'échelle macroscopique. Cependant, à l'échelle nanométrique, les matériaux peuvent présenter des propriétés physiques qui sont différentes de celles des composés massifs. Il est donc impératif de mieux comprendre les phénomènes liés à la diminution de la taille pour développer les nanotechnologies. L'étude fondamentale de ces nanomatériaux est nécessaire et représente aujourd'hui un défi majeur et essentiel pour le développement d'applications futures. Le développement de matériaux à l'échelle nanométrique à travers le contrôle de certains modèles systématiques permet d'améliorer notre compréhension sur les effets spécifiques à l'échelle nanométrique. Par exemple, dans le cas des complexes à transition de spin, la question la plus importante est : comment influence la réduction de taille des matériaux sur la température de transition, la coopérativité et la largeur de la boucle d'hystérésis ? Dans ce contexte, cette thèse est consacrée à la conception et à la synthèse de nano- et microparticules à transition de spin de différentes tailles et de différentes morphologies. Pour ce faire, nous avons développé la technique des micelles inverses et adopté de nouvelles approches de synthèse innovantes en l'absence de matrice
Nowadays, the idea that molecule can be used as an active element in an electronic device stimulates scientific activity of chemistry and physics laboratories worldwide. The information storage capacity from technological demands is growing exponentially, which relies much on the development of nanosciences. The objective is to store data as quickly as possible in a device as small as possible. One of the most promising strategies is based on the concept of molecular bistability, the switching between two electronic states of a molecule in the same way that a binary switch. It is thus possible to pass in a reversible and detectable manner from one state (OFF = 0) to another state (ON = 1) under the influence of a controlled external stimulus. The spin transition (ST) phenomenon that switches the system between high spin (HS) and low spin (LS) states is a typical example of molecular bistability. The two states can be distinguished with different magnetic, optical and structural properties and can be induced by an external perturbation like the temperature, the light, the pressure, a magnetic field or the inclusion of a guest molecule. When the structural changes associated with the spin transition are transmitted in a cooperative manner across the network molecules, the transitions will occur with steepness and possibly accompanied by hysteresis loop (the first order transition). So, spin transition molecular materials should offer many opportunities in terms of applications in the field of electronics, information storage, digital display, photonics and photo-magnetism. Among the different families of compounds, coordination polymers arouse much interest due to their bistability near room temperature. The judicious choice of ligands and counter-anions make possible to modulate the final properties of these compounds and even in some cases to synergistically combine different physical properties. The work developed in this thesis attempt to address the different issues related to the challenge of coordination polymers based nanoscale materials with spin transition. The synthesis of inorganic bistable materials, their development in micro- and nanoparticles, thin layers, their organization and their physical properties are shown. The materials in the microscopic scale have mostly the same physical properties as those measured at the macroscopic scale. However, at the nanoscale, materials can exhibit physical properties that are far from those of bulk compounds. It is therefore imperative to understand more about the phenomena related to material size decrease to develop nanotechnology. The fundamental study of these nanomaterials is necessary and represents a major challenge today, which is of prime importance for the development of future applications. The development of nanoscale materials through the control of certain systematic models permits to improve our understanding of specific effects at the nanoscale. For example, in the case of spin crossover complex, the most important question is: how downsizing effect influences the transition temperature, the cooperativity and the width of hysteresis loop? In this context, this thesis is devoted to the design and the synthesis of various size spin crossover nano and micro-materials with different morphologies. To accomplish this, we developed the reverse-micelle technique and adopted innovative matrix-free synthetic approaches

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Canto, Gizele Scotti do. "Avaliação físico-química e tecnológica da fração saponosídica dos frutos de ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. : potencialidade como adjuvante espumógeno." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10882.

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As saponinas são tensoativos naturais, caracterizadas principalmente por sua atividade espumógena. Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil, conhecida como "erva-mate", é uma espécie vegetal rica em saponinas e de importância econômica e cultural para este Estado. Estudos anteriores demonstraram que os frutos imaturos de I. paraguariensis, uma parte do vegetal sem valor comercial, apresenta teores mais elevados de saponinas que as folhas da erva-mate. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a potencialidade das saponinas dos frutos imaturos de I. paraguariensis como adjuvante espumógeno, sob o ponto de vista físico-químico e tecnológico, bem como a avaliação do potencial de irritação dérmica. Para isso, foram empregados um extrato bruto liofilizado (EXL) obtido por turbólise na proporção de 1:10 droga-solvente em etanol:água (40:60 v/v) como líquido extrator e dois produtos purificados ricos em saponinas, denominados Fr.7090 e P6, obtidos por um processo de fracionamento em fase sólida e eluição com metanol-água (método I) e por um processo de complexação com polímero polivinílico por contato direto (método II), respectivamente. Para a caracterização do perfil das saponinas e monitoramento de processos, foi desenvolvida uma metodologia analítica por CLAE em fase reversa C18, em sistema gradiente acetonitrila: ácido fosfórico 0,5 % com detecção em 205 nm. A atividade de superfície das saponinas foi avaliada através do abaixamento da tensão superficial, CMC, excesso de superfície e área superficial. Os perfis de espumabilidade e estabilidade da espuma das saponinas do EXL e da Fr. 7090 foram avaliados através de medidas da espumabilidade, drenagem, tempo de permanência da espuma e resistência. Como tensoativos de comparação foram utilizados o laurilsulfato de sódio (LSS) e polissorbato 80 (Poli. 80), empregados nas mesmas condições e concentrações que as soluções de saponinas. A influência de eletrólitos sobre os perfis espumógenos foi avaliado utilizando NaCl, KBr, KNO3, MgCl2 e Na2HPO4, mantendo a força iônica constante em 0,024 M. Para a análise das propriedades espumógenas das saponinas, a espuma foi gerada em coluna de vidro por insuflação de ar durante 20 segundos, mantendo um fluxo de 2 L min-1. O perfil de drenagem das espumas das saponinas na concentração de 10 CMC foi avaliado e expresso como percentual de volume de líquido retido na espuma (VLE %), no tempo zero e ao longo de 60 minutos. A estabilidade da espuma das saponinas de Fr.7090 e P6 foi avaliada considerando a altura da coluna de espuma em função do tempo e pelo registro e análise fotográficos da espuma até 480 minutos. Para avaliar a influência do tamanho micelar sobre as propriedades espumógenas dos tensoativos, o diâmetro efetivo das micelas foi determinado por medidas de espalhamento de luz dinâmica. Dados adicionais sobre a sua estabilidade foram obtidos mediante a análise fotográfica bidimensional, em câmara geradora de espuma projetada para esta finalidade. A resistência da espuma foi caracterizada mediante a velocidade de queda de uma esfera através da coluna de espuma, sob condições experimentais padronizadas. A Fr. 7090 apresentou um elevado grau de espumabilidade semelhante ao LSS e superior ao Poli. 80. Quanto ao perfil de drenagem, as saponinas apresentaram um valor de VLE % em 60 minutos (T1h) de 12,0 % e 15,2 %, para o EXL e Fr. 7090, respectivamente, em relação a 7,15 % para ambos tensoativos sintéticos. As saponinas apresentaram um perfil de estabilidade diferenciado, com maior estabilização estrutural com o tempo. As espumas das saponinas apresentaram uma resistência superior aos tensoativos sintéticos, porém, somente a 25 CMC. A adição de eletrólitos às soluções de saponinas influenciou negativamente os perfis espumógeno e de estabilidade da espuma das saponinas. As análises por espalhamento da luz sugerem micelas de dimensões maiores em relação aos tensoativos não-iônicos ou a possível formação de estruturas supramicelares, mesmo baixas concentrações. Pela análise bidimensional, a espuma do EXL apresentou menor alteração da forma e número das bolhas de ar com o tempo, comparado à espuma de LSS. O potencial de irritação dérmica das saponinas foi avaliado pelo teste de irritação primária dérmica de Draize in vivo, em coelhos machos albinos. A avaliação biológica classificou as saponinas como produtos não-irritantes. Pelos resultados, concluiu-se que as saponinas dos frutos imaturos de Ilex paraguariensis apresentam um potencial emprego tecnológico, tanto pelas suas propriedades espumógenas, como pela ausência de irritação cutânea.
Saponins are natural surfactants, characterized mainly for its foaming properties. Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil, known as "erva-mate", is a rich vegetal specie in saponins and of economic and cultural importance for this State. Previous studies had demonstrated that the immature fruits of I. paraguariensis, one has left of the vegetable without commercial value, presents higher concentrations of saponins that the leaves of "erva-mate". The objective of this work was to evaluate the saponins potentiality of the immature fruits of I. paraguariensis as adjuvant foaming, under the technological and physical-chemical point of view, as well as the evaluation of the cutaneous irritation potential. For this, it had been used a rude extract (EXL) obtained by tubo-extraction using ethanol 40% (v/v) as extractor liquid and two rich purified products in saponins obtained by a process in solid phase and elution with methanolwater (method I) and a complexation process with polyvinyl polymer (method II), respectively. For the characterization of saponins profile was developed an analytical methodology using HPLC in C18 reversed phase, with a system gradient composed by acetonitrile:phosphoric acid 0,5 % with detection in 205 nm. The surface activity of saponins was evaluated through the lower of the superficial tension, CMC, surface density and superficial area. Foambility and stability profiles of the saponins foam of the EXL and Fr. 7090 had been evaluated through foamability mensuraments, draining, permanence time of the foam and resistance of the films. As surfactants of comparison it had been used sodium dodecylsulphate (LSS) and polyssorbate 80 (Poli. 80). These had been analyzed in the same conditions and concentrations of saponins solutions. The electrolytes influence on the foaming profiles was evaluated using NaCl, KBr, KNO3, MgCl2 and Na2HPO4, keeping the constant ionic strenght in 0,024 M. For the analysis of the foams properties of the saponins, the foam was generated in glass column by air insufflation during 20 seconds, with a constant flow of 2 L min-1. The draining profile of the saponins foams in the concentration of 10 CMC was evaluated and expressed as percentile of volume of restrained liquid in the foam (VLE %), in time zero and throughout 60 minutes. The stability of the saponins foam of Fr.7090 and P6 was evaluated considering the height of the foam column in function of the time and for the photographic register and analysis of the foam till 480 minutes. To evaluate the influence of the micellar size on the foaming properties of the surfactants, the effective diameter of micelles was determined by dynamic light scattering mensuraments. Additional data on its stability had been obtained by means of the bidimensional photographic analysis, in generating foam chamber projected for this purpose. The resistance of the foam was characterized by means of the speed of a sphere fall through the foam column, under standardized experimental conditions. Fr. 7090 presented one high degree of similar foambility to the LSS and superior to Poli. 80. As much as to the draining profile, the saponins had presented a value of VLE % in 60 minutes (T1h) of 12,0 % and 15,2 %, for the EXL and Fr. 7090, respectively, in relation to 7,15 % for both synthetic surfactants The saponins showed a differentiated profile of stability, with bigger structural stabilization with the time. The saponins foams had presented a superior resistance to the synthetic surfactants, however, only 25 CMC. The addition of electrolytes had a negative influence on saponins foams profile and stability. The analyses for dynamic light scattering suggest bigger dimensions micelles in relation to the nonionic surfactants or the possible formation of highest micelles, even at low concentrations. To the bidimensional analysis, the EXL foam presented minor alteration of the form and number of the air bubbles with the time, compared with the LSS foam. The potential of the cutaneous irritation of the saponins was evaluated by the test of dermic primary irritation of the Draize test in albinic male rabbits. The biological evaluation classified the saponins as not-irritating products. For the results, it was concluded that the saponins of I. paraguariensis immature fruits presented a technologycal potential use, as for its foaming properties as for the absence of cutaneous irritation.

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Lazzaro, Fanny. "Comprendre les comportements des micelles de caséines dans des environnements variés, de leur équilibre minéral à leurs propriétés colloïdales et fonctionnelles : émulsion et coagulation présure." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSARB301/document.

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Les micelles de caséines, composées de caséines, minéraux et eau, sont en équilibres dynamiques, elles échangent en permanence de leur matière avec leur environnement. Les micelles de caséines possèdent d’intéressantes fonctionnalités pour la fabrication de produits laitiers, telles que leur capacité à stabiliser des émulsions et à former des gels sous l’action de la présure. Des changements environnementaux, variations de pH, additions de sels ou d’agents chélatants, affectent les équilibres des micelles et induisent des modifications de leurs compositions et propriétés colloïdales. Ces changements modifient également leurs propriétés fonctionnelles, bien que cet aspect soit peu décri. Le but de ce projet était de comprendre les relations liant l’environnement, l’équilibre minéral, les propriétés colloïdales et fonctionnelles des micelles de caséines. L’impact de cinq facteurs (pH, Na3Cit, NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2) modifiant les micelles fut étudié en focalisant sur leurs propriétés émulsifL’acidification et l’addition de Na3Cit ont causé les modifications minérales les plus importantes en solubilisant le phosphate de calcium micellaire. Le premier conduisit au « gonflement » des micelles alors que l’agent chélatant causa leur dissociation en petits agrégats. L’ajout de NaCl n’eut aucun impact sur le contenu minéral des micelles mais provoqua aussi la libération d’agrégats, révélée par cryo microscopie électronique et diffusion de rayons-X aux petits angles. Le rôle du phosphate de calcium sur les fonctionnalités fut confirmé et l’étude révéla l’importance de contrôler la libé
Caseins micelles, composed of caseins, minerals and water, are under dynamic equilibria, they constantly exchange materials with their surrounding environments. In addition, casein micelles possess valuable functionalities in regards to the formation of dairy products, such as the ability to stabilize emulsions or to form rennet gels. Environmental changes, such as variations in pH, additions of salts or chelating agents, affect the casein micelles equilibria and lead to modifications in their compositional and colloidal properties. Such changes also modify their functional properties, although this aspect is poorly described in the literature. This project aimed to understand the relationships that link the environmental modifications, the mineral balance, the colloidal and functional properties of the casein micelles. The impact of five modifying factors (pH, Na3Cit, NaCl, CaCl2, MgCl2) of the casein micelles were studied and the focus was placed on emulsion and rennet coagulation fuThe former only induce the swelling of casein micelles while the latter led to their disruption into smaller aggregates. NaCl had no impact on the micellar mineral content but also caused the release of small aggregates, as revealed by electronic microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering analyses. The decisive role of micellar calcium phosphate on the functionalities was confirmed and this study highlighted the importance of monitoring the release of small aggregates, as they strongly affected emulsions stability and gels firmness. CaCl2 and MgCl2 additions slightly increased the mineral c

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Lu, Huiling. "Contribution à l'étude des relations structure-propriétés de molécules amphiphiles à tête sucre." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2316/document.

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Dans le contexte du développement durable, l’'utilisation des ressources renouvelables, biodégradable et peu toxique, est particulièrement recherchée. En particulier, la littérature montre que les molécules amphiphiles biosourcées avec une tête sucre, type glycolipides, sont d'excellents candidats pour substituer les tensioactifs pétrochimiques actuellement utilisés massivement en formulation. Pour limiter le criblage expérimental et orienter le choix des synthèses de telles molécules, une démarche prédictive à partir de l'analyse de la structure moléculaire permettrait d'anticiper les propriétés des molécules amphiphiles et d'identifier celles répondant à des propriétés spécifiques recherchées. L'objectif des travaux de thèse est de développer une méthodologie via la synthèse à façon avec modification graduelle de la structure, la caractérisation et l'analyse systématique de glycolipides, dans le but d'identifier des liens pertinents entre leurs propriétés amphiphiles et leurs caractéristiques structurales. Les données expérimentales générées doivent permettent d'établir une base de données comparables et fiables, nécessaire pour le développement de modèles 1 prédictifs. Les résultats ont mis en évidence l'influence significative de certains paramètres de structure sur j les propriétés physico-chimiques, avec des tendances claires, autrement difficiles à observer à partir des données globales non-comparables de la littérature. Ce travail a également démontré l'importance de prendre en considération le comportement des molécules amphiphiles dans l'eau, via la connaissance de leur diagramme de phase, afin de définir sans ambiguïté certaines propriétés telles que la CMC
In the context of sustainable development, the use of biodegradable and low toxic renewable resources is particularly important. ln particular, the literature shows that the bio-based amphiphilic molecules with a sugar head, or the glycolipids, are excellent substitutes of the petrochemical surfactants used massively in current formulations. To limit the experimental screening and to orient the choice of the syntheses of such molecules, a predictive approach based on the analysis of the molecular structure would make it possible to anticipate the properties of the amphiphilic molecules and to identify those with specific properties. The objective of this work is to develop a methodology through systematic syntheses, characterizations and analyses of glycolipids with gradual structural modifications, with the aim of identifying relevant links between heir amphiphilic properties and their structural characteristics. The obtained experimental data should make it possible to establish a comparable and reliable database, necessary for the development of predictive models. The results showed the significant influence of some structural parameters on the physico-chemical properties with clear trends, which are otherwise difficult to observe by using the non-comparable data collected from the literature. This work also demonstrated the importance of considering the behavior of amphiphilic molecules in water, through knowledge of their phase diagram, which allows for the unambiguous definition of certain properties like the CMC

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Krasia, Theodora. "Synthese und kolloidale Eigenschaften neuartiger Blockcopolymere mit [beta]-Dicarbonyl-Einheiten [Beta-Dicarbonyl-Einheiten] Synthesis and colloidal properties of a novel type of block copolymers bearing [beta]-dicarbonyl [beta-dicarbonyl] residues /." Phd thesis, [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/2003/0021/krasia.pdf.

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Behafarid, Farzad. "Structure, stability, vibrational, thermodynamic, and catalytic properties of metal nanostructures: size, shape, support, and adsorbate effects." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5121.

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Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology have provided the scientific community with exciting new opportunities to rationally design and fabricate materials at the nanometer scale with drastically different properties as compared to their bulk counterparts. In this dissertation, several challenges have been tackled in aspects related to nanoparticle (NP) synthesis and characterization, allowing us to make homogenous, size- and shape-selected NPs via the use of colloidal chemistry, and to gain in depth understanding of their distinct physical and chemical properties via the synergistic use of a variety of ex situ, in situ, and operando experimental tools. A variety of phenomena relevant to nanosized materials were investigated, including the role of the NP size and shape in the thermodynamic and electronic properties of NPs, their thermal stability, NP-support interactions, coarsening phenomena, and the evolution of the NP structure and chemical state under different environments and reaction conditions.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Physics
Sciences
Physics

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Malinenko, Alla. "Effet d’ion specifique sur l’auto-assemblage d’amphiphiles cationiques : des approches experimentale et informatique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0065/document.

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La présente étude est une approche holistique axée sur l'étude des effets spécifiques d'ions sur les propriétés d'auto-assemblage de tensioactifs cationiques gemini. Notre objectif principal étant l’étude de l'effet de divers contre-ions sur les caractéristiques d’auto-assemblage de tensioactifs cationiques en solution aqueuse. Afin d'obtenir une vision plus complète de l'effet des interactions ioniques et moléculaires à l’interface sur les propriétés globales, nous avons utilisé des approches différentes. Nous avons combiné une étude expérimentale portant sur les propriétés en solution (concentration micellaire critique, degré d'ionisation, nombre d'agrégation, etc.), avec des approches centrées sur l'étude des propriétés micellaires interfaciales en analysant les concentrations des contre-ions et de l'eau de façon expérimentale (piégeage chimique) et informatique (simulations de dynamique moléculaire). En outre, nous avons étudié l'impact de la nature des contre-ions sur la croissance des micelles géantes par rhéologie. En plus de l'examen des propriétés de tensio-actifs en solution, les effets spécifiques d'ions sur les structures cristallines des agents tensioactifs gémini ont été étudiés.Nous avons trouvé que les effets d'ions spécifiques qui déterminent le comportement des agrégats micellaires de gemini cationiques d'ammonium quaternaire dans des solutions aqueuses dépendent fortement de l'énergie libre d'hydratation des contre-ions, en d'autres termes, sur leur propriétés hydrophile /hydrophobe. Contrairement à la solution aqueuse, dans les cristaux, la taille de l'ion devient le facteur déterminant. La comparaison des résultats obtenus pour un même système en solution aqueuse et à l'état solide a montré l'importance des interactions ion-eau dans les effets spécifiques d'ions. Cependant, il faut noter que les propriétés du substrat (les gemini dans notre cas) doivent être prises en compte non moins soigneusement afin de prédire complétement les effets Hofmeister
The present study is a holistic approach focused on the investigation of ion specific effects on the self-assembly properties of cationic gemini surfactants. Our main focus was on the effect of various counterions on the self-organization features of cationic surfactants in aqueous solution. In order to obtain amore comprehensive understanding of the effect of interfacial ionic and molecular interactions on aggregate properties we used different approaches. We combined an experimental study focused on the bulk solution properties (critical micelle concentration, ionization degree, aggregation number, etc.), with approaches focused on investigating the interfacial micellar properties by analyzing the interfacial counterion and waterconcentrations, experimentally (chemical trapping) and computationally (molecular dynamic simulations). Moreover, the impact of counterion nature was investigated by studying the growth of wormlike micelles using rheology. Besides the examination of the surfactants properties in solution, the ion specific effects onthe crystalline structures of gemini surfactants were studied.We found that ion specific effects which determine the behavior of micellar aggregates of cationic quaternary ammonium gemini in aqueous solutions strongly depend on the free energy of hydration of the counterions, in others words, on their hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties. Contrarily to aqueous solution, in crystals, the size of the ion becomes the determining factor. Comparison of the results obtained for the same system in aqueous solution and in solid state showed the importance of ion-water interactions in ion specific effects. However, one should note that the properties of substrate (the gemini in our case) should be taken into account not less carefully in order to fully predict Hofmeister effects

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Kashapov, Ruslan R., Tatiana N. Pashirova, Sergey V. Kharlamov, Albina Yu Ziganshina, Elena P. Ziltsova, Svetlana S. Lukashenko, Lucia Ya Zakharova, Wolf D. Habicher, Shamil K. Latypov, and Alexander I. Konovalov. "Novel self-assembling system based on resorcinarene and cationic surfactant." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-138802.

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Mixed association of calix[4]resorcinarene with ethyl sulfonate groups on the lower rim and dimethylaminomethyl groups on the upper rim (CR) and cationic surfactant 4-aza-1-hexadecyl-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide (DABCO-16) is studied by methods of tensiometry, conductometry, potentiometry and NMR spectroscopy at fixed CR concentration and varied surfactant concentration. Beyond ca. 0.4 mM of DABCO-16, mixed aggregates enriched by CR are proved to be formed due to electrostatic forces, while beyond ca. 5 mM, aggregates enriched by surfactant occur due to the hydrophobic effect. Spectrophotometry monitoring of the solubilization of a hydrophobic dye, Orange OT, demonstrated that only the second type of mixed aggregate enriched by DABCO-16 is capable of binding the organic probe, while the mixed system where the surfactant is a minor component shows no binding capacity towards Orange OT. This finding can be used for the design of nanocontainers with controllable binding/release properties
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich

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Kashapov, Ruslan R., Tatiana N. Pashirova, Sergey V. Kharlamov, Albina Yu Ziganshina, Elena P. Ziltsova, Svetlana S. Lukashenko, Lucia Ya Zakharova, Wolf D. Habicher, Shamil K. Latypov, and Alexander I. Konovalov. "Novel self-assembling system based on resorcinarene and cationic surfactant." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2011. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27782.

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Mixed association of calix[4]resorcinarene with ethyl sulfonate groups on the lower rim and dimethylaminomethyl groups on the upper rim (CR) and cationic surfactant 4-aza-1-hexadecyl-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bromide (DABCO-16) is studied by methods of tensiometry, conductometry, potentiometry and NMR spectroscopy at fixed CR concentration and varied surfactant concentration. Beyond ca. 0.4 mM of DABCO-16, mixed aggregates enriched by CR are proved to be formed due to electrostatic forces, while beyond ca. 5 mM, aggregates enriched by surfactant occur due to the hydrophobic effect. Spectrophotometry monitoring of the solubilization of a hydrophobic dye, Orange OT, demonstrated that only the second type of mixed aggregate enriched by DABCO-16 is capable of binding the organic probe, while the mixed system where the surfactant is a minor component shows no binding capacity towards Orange OT. This finding can be used for the design of nanocontainers with controllable binding/release properties.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Micellar properties'

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