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1
O'Connor, Candace Sharon. "Thermoregulation in Mice under the Influence of Ethanol." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1181.
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Thermoregulation after acute ethanol, during chronic exposure and during withdrawal from ethanol dependency was studied using genetically heterogeneous (HS) mice, and lines of mice selected in replicate for smaller (HOT1, HOT2) or greater (COLD1, COLD2) decline in rectal temperature (Tre ) after intraperitoneal ethanol. First, HS mice were injected with 20% ethanol in 0.9% NaCI, or NaCI alone during sessions of behavioral thermoregulation in individual temperature gradients (9-38°C). Internal temperature (Tj ) was monitored with implanted telemetry devices. An imaging system recorded selected temperature (Tsel ) within the gradient every 5 sec. Acute 2.25 and 2.60 g ethanol/kg produced significantly lower Tj than NaCI. 2.60 g/kg also produced significantly lower Tsel than 2.25 g/kg or NaCI. 2.75 g/kg and above incapacitated mice. Comparison of responses using a thermoregulatory index indicated 2.25 or 2.60 g/kg decreased the regulated temperature. Similar methodology was followed using the selected lines and 10% ethanol (2.0, 2.25, 2.65 g/kg to COLD mice; 2.65, 2.85 g/kg to HOT mice; 3.0 g/kg to HOT2 mice) or NaCI. All responded similarly to NaCl, with transient rise in Tj After an effective ethanol dose mice manifested a regulated decrease in Tj by lowering Tsel concomitant with falling Tj . In both replicate pairs COLD mice were more sensitive than HOT, indicating that a true difference in the CNS regulator of body temperature was selected for in these animals. Photoperiod effect was characterized by quantifying thermoregulatory behavior of COLD2 mice after acute 2.60 g 7.5% ethanol/kg or NaCl, at 0400 , 0800 , 1200, 1600 , 2000 and 2400 hours , using above methodology. Baseline T₁ was significantly lower during hours of light, than during darkness. Photoperiod had little effect on thermoregulatory response to ethanol, possibly because of arousal associated with experiments. Thermoregulatory tolerance to ethanol was investigated using HS mice implanted with telemetry devices and monitored in the gradient on days 1, 2, 4, 7 and 11 of 11 consecutive days of 10% ethanol (2.75 g/kg) or NaCl injections. Dispositional, rapid and chronic tolerance developed, indicating that functional tolerance is a regulated phenomenon in mice. In a separate experiment HS mice were implanted with telemetry devices and injected with ethanol for 11 consecutive days at constant temperature; dispositional but not functional tolerance developed. To characterize thermoregulation during withdrawal, HS mice were made dependent upon ethanol using a vapor chamber; T; Tsel and activity were monitored in the gradient until 26 hours post withdrawal. Withdrawing mice showed unaltered regulated temperature, but lower Tsel than controls. This suggested increased metabolic heat production. Thermoregulation during withdrawal was similarly studied using the selected mouse lines. COLD mice responded like HS mice. Withdrawing HOT1 mice were more active than controls; withdrawing HOT2 mice showed lowest Tsel of any genotype but maintained Ti above controls. These results suggest a more severe withdrawal reaction in HOT, than in COLD mice. To investigate a possible mechanism underlying ethanol hypothermia, responses of HOT and COLD mice to intracerebroventricular serotonin were characterized. Dose-dependent decreases in Tre were measured in mice equipped with indwelling brain cannulae and held at constant temperature after injection of 0.3, 0.8, 2.0, 5.0 or 11.0 μg serotonin into the lateral brain ventricle. COLD mice were significantly more sensitive than HOT mice. Subsequently HOT1 and COLD1 mice were equipped with brain cannulae and implanted telemetry devices; thermoregulatory behavior after 11.0 μg serotonin was monitored. Both genotypes lowered Tj significantly more in the gradient than did similar mice at constant ambient temperature, indicating that decline in Tj after serotonin was a regulated phenomenon. The serotonergic system was altered during selection for differential Tre response to ethanol, indicating a role for serotonin in mediating ethanol hypothermia.
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Yaeram, Jakrit. "The effect of whole body heating on testis morphology and fertility of male mice." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj259.pdf.
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McMinn, Jessi Rae, and Jessi Rae McMinn. "Effect of Estrogen Status on Circadian Core and Tail Skin Temperature Rhythms in Female Mice." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625094.
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Body temperature in women is altered by changes in circulating gonadal steroids during the menstrual cycle and estrogen withdrawal after menopause. In contrast to numerous studies in the rat, there is limited information on the effects of estrogen on body temperature regulation in the mouse. The present studies were designed to measure circadian rhythms of core temperature (TCORE) and tail skin temperature (TSKIN) in the mouse. In experiment 1, female mice were implanted with an intraperitoneal temperature probe to measure TCORE and a temperature probe was attached to the tail to measure TSKIN. Daily vaginal smears were taken to assess estrous cycle stage and TCORE and TSKIN were measured continuously for 14 days. In experiment 2, temperature measurements were recorded for ovariectomized (OVX), and low and high estrogen (E2) replaced animals. We report circadian rhythms of TCORE and TSKIN were not affected by day of the estrous cycle. There was also no significant effect of estrogen replacement on TSKIN during the dark phase, regardless of the E2 dose. However, low and high E2 significantly decreased TCORE in OVX mice during the light phase. These studies reveal a significant species difference in estrogen modulation of thermoregulation in the rat and mouse.
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Gamo, Yuko. "Effects of reproduction on body temperature and physical activity." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=130928.
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Daily changes in body temperature as well as physical activeness from mating to pregnancy were illustrated in MF1 mice. Body temperature and physical activity gradually declined as pregnancy advanced while energy intake and body mass increased in late pregnancy. Diurnal and nocturnal locomotor activity and body temperature were significantly lower in late pregnancy than in non-reproductive and mating phases. Despite low physical activity, inactive body temperature was relatively high through late pregnancy. This suggests that pregnant mice tend to increase thermogenesis against a drop of body temperature. Energy intake increased remarkably after parturition and reached a plateau in late lactation suggesting a limit of energy intake. Litter size and litter mass significantly influenced maternal energy intake and body mass (P<0.05). However, daily pup mass gain declined at the peak lactation when maternal energy intake was limited. Body temperature rose sharply after parturition. Body temperature during the day considerably increased. Consequently, lactating mice faced a constantly high body temperature through the day despite lower activity levels. There were no trends that litter size and litter mass stimulated maternal body temperature and physical activity on average through lactation. Body temperature during suckling inside the nest increased towards the end of suckling. However, no significant increase in body temperature was found between 20 and 1 minutes before terminating suckling bouts. Dams that raised larger litters encountered higher body temperature while suckling inside the nest, suggesting that suckling offspring considerably contributed to heat retention in mothers. Suckling offspring appeared to prevent mothers from releasing cumulative heat, although the significance of suckling behaviour on overheating was smaller than that of metabolic heat generation.
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Ajwad, Asma'a A. "SLEEP AND THERMOREGULATION: A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MANIPULATION ON MOUSE SLEEP ARCHITECTURE." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/cbme_etds/54.
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Good quality sleep is essential for mental and physical health. Inadequate sleep impacts memory consolidation, learning and cognition, immune function, autonomic regulation, physical performance, and other vital functions. In many neurological disorders that are associated with sleep problems such as epilepsy and Alzheimer’s disease, changes in brain circuitry affect sleep-wake regulation mechanisms; this is reflected in anomalous sleep-wake architecture and usually accompanied by poor sleep depth. Thus, over many years, many approaches have been tried in humans and animal models with the goal of improving sleep quality. Unfortunately, each of those approaches comes with limitations or side effects. Thus, there is a need for a natural, safe, and low cost approach that overcomes many limitations to improve sleep and eventually the lives of individuals with sleep problems.
Environmental temperature is one of the most important factors that affect sleep in humans and other animals. Studies have shown that the part of the brain governing thermoregulation is also involved in sleep-wake regulation. Even a mild change in environmental temperature can produce a significant effect on sleep. Thus, a better understanding of the sleep-thermoregulation interaction could lead to novel ways for treating many sleep disorders. As a first step on the translational pathway, experiments in animal models of disease conditions with disordered sleep are needed for investigating sleep–thermoregulation interactions and for devising and validating related approaches to enhance sleep quality before conducting them on humans.
This dissertation explores and assesses the effect of changes in ambient temperature on sleep-wake architecture in control mice and epileptic mice, the latter from a model of temporal lobe epilepsy as an example of a disease model with disordered sleep. Then, based on the results of temperature effects on sleep in control and epileptic mice, different strategies are proposed and tested to modulate sleep through ambient temperature regulation in closed loop to improve sleep depth and regulate the timing of the sleep-wake cycle.
The results presented in this dissertation demonstrate the feasibility of sleep enhancement and regulation of its timing and duration through manipulation of ambient temperature using closed-loop control systems. Similar approaches could foreseeably be used as more natural means for enhancing deep sleep in patients with epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, or Parkinson’s disease in which poor sleep is common and associated with adverse outcomes.
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Lo, Martire Viviana Carmen <1984>. "Effects of ambient temperature on cardiovascular regulation during sleep in hypocretin-deficient narcoleptic mice." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4419/.
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Hypocretin 1 and 2 (HCRT, also called Orexin A and B) are neuropeptides released by neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. HCRT neurons widely project to the entire neuroaxis. HCRT neurons have been reported to participate in various hypothalamic physiological processes including cardiovascular functions, wake-sleep cycle, and they may also influence metabolic rate and the regulation of body temperature. HCRT neurons are lost in narcolepsy, a rare neurological disorder, characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, cataplexy, sleep fragmentation and occurrence of sleep-onset rapid-eye-movement episodes.
We investigated whether HCRT neurons mediate the sleep-dependent cardiovascular adaptations to changes in ambient temperature (Ta). HCRT-ataxin3 transgenic mice with genetic ablation of HCRT neurons (n = 11) and wild-type controls (n = 12) were instrumented with electrodes for sleep scoring and a telemetric blood pressure (BP) transducer (DSI, Inc.). Simultaneous sleep and BP recordings were performed on mice undisturbed and freely-behaving at 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C for 48 hours at each Ta. Analysis of variance of BP indicated a significance of the main effects of wake-sleep state and Ta, their interaction effect, and the wake-sleep state x mouse strain interaction effect. BP increased with decreasing Ta. This effect of Ta on BP was significantly lower in rapid-eye-movement sleep (REMS) than either in non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (NREMS) or wakefulness regardless of the mouse strain. BP was higher in wakefulness than either in NREMS or REMS. This effect of sleep on BP was significantly reduced in mice lacking HCRT neurons at each Ta, particularly during REMS. These data suggest that HCRT neurons play a critical role in mediating the effects of sleep but not those of Ta on BP in mice. HCRT neurons may thus be part of the central neural pathways which mediate the phenomenon of blood pressure dipping on passing from wakefulness to sleep.
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Blot, Joseph. "Relation entre les grandeurs supraconductrices caracteristiques de l'aluminium massif et les champs de transition de films divises, en fonction de leur epaisseur." Rennes, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAR0006.
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Etude de l'influence de la taille des echantillons sur les champs magnetiques de surchauffe et de retard a la condensation dans l'etat supraconducteur sur des couches d'aluminium divisees en damiers et dont le refroidissement est assure dans un dispositif cryogenique a helium liquide permettant d'atteindre 0,37k. Analyse systematique en fonction de la temperature et de l'epaisseur, des champs paralleles et perpendiculaire de transition presentes par une serie de films evapores sur des substrats de verre a la temperature ambiante
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Mukwevho, Mukhethwa Judy. "The Use of Design Expert in Evaluating The Effect of pH, Temperature and Hydraulic Retention Time on Biological Sulphate Reduction in a Down-Flow Packed Bed Reactor." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79624.
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Biological sulphate reduction (BSR) has been identified as a promising alternative technology for the treatment of acid mine drainage. BSR is a process that uses sulphate reducing bacteria to reduce sulphate to sulphide using substrates as nutrients under anaerobic conditions. The performance of BSR is dependent on several factors including substrate, pH, temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT).
In a quest to find a cost effective technology, Mintek conducted bench-scale tests on BSR that led to the commissioning of a pilot plant at a coal mine in Mpumalanga province, South Africa. This current study forms part of the ongoing tests that are conducted to improve Mintek’s process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the robustness of Mintek’s process and to develop a tool that can be used to predict the process’ performance with varying pH, temperature and HRT.
Design Expert version 11.1.2.0 was used to design the experiments using the Box-Behnken design. In the design, pH ranged from 4 to 6, temperature from 10 °C to 30 °C and HRT from 2 d to 7 d with sulphate reduction efficiency, sulphate reduction rate and sulphide production as response variables. Experiments were carried out in water jacketed packed bed reactors that were operated in a down-flow mode. The reactors were packed with woodchips, wood shaving, hay, lucerne straw and cow manure as support for sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) biofilm. Cow manure and lucerne pellets were used as the main substrates and they were replenished once a week. These reactors mimicked the pilot plant.
The data obtained were statistically analysed using response surface methodology. The results showed that pH did not have a significant impact on the responses (p>0.05). Temperature and HRT, on the other hand, greatly impacted the process (p<0.05) and the interaction between these two factors was found to be strong. Sulphate reduction efficiency and sulphate reduction rate decreased by over 60 % with a decrease in temperature 30 °C to 10 °C. Generally, a decrease in sulphide production was observed with a decrease in temperature. Overall, a decrease in HRT resulted in a decline of sulphate reduction efficiency and sulphide production but favoured sulphate reduction rate.
This study demonstrated that Mintek’s process can be operated at pH as low as 4 without any significant impact on the performance. This decreases the lime requirements and sludge production during the pre-neutralisation stage by close to 50 %. There was, however, a strong interaction between temperature and HRT which can be used to improve the performance especially during the winter season.Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Chemical Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted
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Fominaya, Fernando. "Nanocalorimètre pour l'étude de couches minces et de micro-monocristaux : application à Mn12-acétate." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10150.
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Nous avons developpe un nanocalorimetre original pour mesurer la chaleur specifique de couches minces, multicouches (epaisseur typique : 1000 a) et de monocristaux (masse de l'ordre du g) dans la gamme de temperature 1. 5 a 20 k. La capacite calorifique du dispositif vide est de 3 nj/k a 4 k (0. 5 nj/k a 1. 5 k), on peut alors acceder des capacites calorifiques de l'ordre du nj/k a 4 k pour les echantillons. Les differences de capacite calorifique en fonction de la temperature ou d'un champ magnetique applique ont ete determine avec une resolution de c/c 10#-#4, permettant ainsi de voir des variations de moins d'un pj/k. Nous presentons des mesures faites sur une couche mince de pb supraconductrice, sur des multicouches magnetiques et sur des micro-monocristaux de mn#1#2o#1#2-acetate. Cette derniere mesure a mis en evidence le processus d'inversion d'aimantation par effet tunnel dans des cristaux de masse de 1g et de 20g. Notre etude permet d'examiner a la fois le regime tunnel irreversible au-dessous de la temperature de blocage t#b (typ. 3. 5 k) et le regime tunnel reversible au-dessus de t#b. Pour t < t#b nous trouvons des anomalies de chaleur specifique a des valeurs du champ magnetique correspondantes au croisement des niveaux spin-up et spin-down de differents nombres quantiques magnetiques. Ces anomalies disparaissent par augmentation de la temperature (typ. Au-dela de 6 k). Au-dessous de t#b, des degagements de chaleur sont observes lorsque les niveaux magnetiques se croisent a des champs antiparalleles a l'aimantation initiale. Ces mesures representent une nouvelle approche de l'etude du mn#1#2o#1#2-acetate et montrent l'interet de la nanocalorimetrie pour l'etude des grandes molecules magnetiques.
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Schaaf, Pierre. "La technique de reflectometrie : sa mise en oeuvre et son application a l'etude de l'adsorption de macromolecules a une interface solide/solution." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR13039.
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Pellan, Yves. "Etude de la metastabilite de la transition supraconductrice de films divises d'indium sous champ magnetique parallele et perpendiculaire." Rennes, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAR0007.
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Mesures systematiques des champs de surchauffe et de retard a la condensation et du champ critique thermodynamique du film en fonction de l'epaisseur, de la temperature et de l'orientation du champ magnetique, sur deux series de films deposes sur des substrats a 295k et 77k. Determination de la profondeur de penetration, de la longueur de coherence et du parametre de ginzburg-landau de l'indium supraconducteur pur
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Villagomez, Ojeda Carlos Javier. "Low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy studies of single molecules adsorbed on thin insulating films." Toulouse, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAT0052.
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Des études récentes ont montré qu'il était possible de minimiser ce couplage en interposant entre la molécule et le substrat métallique un film ultra-mince (2 à 3 couches atomiques) suffisamment isolant pour limiter l'interaction molécule-substrat métallique, mais autorisant tout de même le passage d'un faible courant tunnel. Dans ce travail, deux isomères du methylterrylène ont été adsorbés sur une surface constituée d'une bicouche de NaCl déposée sur une surface (111) de cuivre. Le spectre tunnel, qui permet de remonter à la densité d'état en surface présente alors deux résonances de surface très marquées, autour de –2. 4 eV et de +1. 4 eV, par rapport au niveau de Fermi du métal. Ces deux pics sont associés à la formation d'un ion transitoire négatif ou positif. Les images obtenues lorsque la tension de polarisation utilisée pour former l'image STM correspond à ces résonances montrent une grande similarité avec la distribution de probabilité de présence de l'électron dans la HOMO pour les tensions négatives et dans la LUMO pour les tensions positives de la molécule libre. Ce travail expérimental a été appuyé par des calculs d'images STM par la méthode ESQC (Elastic Scattering Quantum Chemistry), qui permettent d'interpréter finement ces résultatsThe present work is concentrated on the study of two isomers of an organic molecule -methylterrylene- adsorbed on a thin insulating _lm (a NaCl bi or tri-layer) deposited on a metallic substrate -Cu(111)-, by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy (STM and STS). Most STM studies of adsorbed atoms and molecules up to now have been performed on metallic or semiconducting surfaces. In this situation, the object is strongly electronically coupled to the substrate. The atomic or molecular levels are then shifted and broadened in energy, with the consequence that some of the intrinsic properties of the object are lost, to a more or less large extend. It has been shown recently that interposing between this object and the substrate an insulating leads to an efficient decoupling which allows to recover some of these properties. This decoupling effect of the insulating layer is at the center of the work reported here. Experiments where the molecules are directly adsorbed on the metal are compared with experiments where the molecule is decoupled from the Cu(111) surface by a NaCl bi-layer. The interpretation of these experimental results is supported and extended by current and image calculations with the Elastic Scattering Quantum Chemistry method where the structure of the Metal-insulating layer-molecule-metal junction is described at the atomic level. In the framework of molecular electronics, where the objective is to design and use molecules as electronic devices, understanding and controlling the coupling of a molecule to its environment is a central issue
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Maillard, Pascale. "Etude du developpement vegetatif du terminalia superba engler et diels en conditions controlees : mise en evidence de rythmes de croissance." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066502.
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Fust, Anita. "Lung mechanics in mice : effect of decorin deficiency." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80268.
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Decorin is required for the normal fibrillogenesis and spatial arrangement of collagen. As collagen is important in determining the elastic behaviour of the lung, we hypothesized that lung tissue mechanics would be altered in decorin deficient (Dcn-/-) mice. Complex impedance, pressure-volume curves, and length-stress curves of lung parenchyma were measured in C57BL/6 mice, 6 Dcn-/- and 6 wildtype ( Dcn+/+), both in vivo and in vitro. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed to identify decorin and biglycan in the lung tissues. In vivo, airway resistance was decreased and lung compliance was increased in Dcn-/- mice. In vitro, length-stress curves showed increased compliance in the Dcn-/- mice. Immunohistochemistry showed decorin staining in the airway and vessel walls of Dcn+/+ but not Dcn-/- mice; Western blots showed that biglycan levels were not different in the Dcn-/- mice. These data support a critical role for decorin in the formation of the lung collagen network. Lack of decorin alters lung tissue mechanical behaviour. Additionally, the data from Dcn+/+ mice were compared to those from other species, and is consistent with the evidence in the literature that mouse lungs differ structurally from other species. Finally, differences observed in vivo vs. in vitro suggest that measurements made in the strip more accurately reflect lung tissue properties.
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Marsh, M. G. "The effect of a temperature gradient on high temperature fretting wear." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267625.
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Carvalho, Karine Maria Martins Bezerra. "Effect of the quercetin induced pancreatitis cerulein in mice." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10495.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorQuercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid widely known by its anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory properties. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality and a complex pathophysiology, with variable involvement of regional tissues or organ systems. Despite of extensive investigations into this disease entity, to date there exists no specific medical treatment for AP. In this study, quercetin was investigated for its effect on the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Male Swiss mice were treated with quercetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.), vehicle (2% DMSO in distilled water, 10 ml/kg) or thalidomide (200 mg/kg, p.o.), 1 h before administration of cerulein (5 x 50 μg/kg, 1 h apart). A group treated with saline (0.9% NaCl) was also included. The effects of treatments on pancreatic edema, serum amylase and lipase enzymes and cytokines (TNF-, IL-6, IL-1 and IL-10), myeloperoxidase activity (pancreas and lung), pancreatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), non-protein-sulfidryl groups (NP-SH), histopathology of pancreas and lung and immunostaining for TNF- expression in pancreas were analysed. Cerulein significantly increased pancreatic edema and serum levels of amylase, lipase, TNF-, IL-6 and IL-1 and decreased IL-10 levels. Histopathologic evaluation revealed the presence of edema, neutrophil infiltration, hemorrhage, acinar vacuolization and necrosis of the pancreas and lung hemorrhage. Besides, we observed a marked increase in the expression of TNF- in immunohistochemical analysis. The pre-treatment with quercetin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) or thalidomide (200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly attenuated the severity of acute pancreatitis induced by cerulein, as evidenced by significant reductions in pancreatic serum enzymes lipase and amylase and the pancreatic inflammation, evidenced by suppression of neutrophil infiltration, TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6 cytokine production and the TNF-a expression. Further, it enhanced the IL-10 cytokine production and demonstrated an antioxidant action through a decrease in the levels of TBARS and restoration of pancreatic NP-SH. Quercetin could also attenuate the systemic repercussion in the lung evidenced by suppression of neutrophil infiltration (MPO) and decrease of lung hemorrhage (histology). In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence to show that quercetin attenuates the development of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis through the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.
A quercetina à um flavonÃide derivado de plantas amplamente conhecido por suas propriedades antiinflamatÃrias e antioxidantes. A pancreatite aguda (PA) à uma doenÃa com alta morbi/mortalidade e fisiopatologia complexa, com envolvimento variÃvel de tecidos locais ou ÃrgÃos sistÃmicos. Apesar das amplas investigaÃÃes, atà o momento, nÃo existe nenhum tratamento mÃdico especÃfico para PA. Neste estudo, foram investigados os efeitos da quercetina sobre a gravidade da pancreatite aguda induzida por ceruleÃna em camundongos. Camundongos Swiss machos foram tratados com quercetina (25, 50 e 100 mg/kg, v.o.) ou veÃculo (2% DMSO em Ãgua destilada, 10ml/kg) ou talidomida (200mg/kg, v.o.) 1 h antes da administraÃÃo de ceruleÃna (5 x 50 μg/kg, com intervalo de 1 h entre as doses). Foi incluÃdo no estudo um grupo de animais tratados com salina (0.9%). NÃs analisamos o edema pancreÃtico, os nÃveis sÃricos de amilase, lipase e citocinas (TNF-, IL-6, IL-1 e IL-10), mieloperoxidase (MPO) pancreÃtica e pulmonar, substÃncias reativas ao Ãcido tiobarbitÃrico (TBARS), grupos sulfidrÃlicos nÃo-proteicos (NP-SH), avaliaÃÃo histolÃgica do pÃncreas e pulmÃo e imunohistoquÃmica pancreÃtica (TNF-). CeruleÃna aumentou significativamente o edema pancreÃtico e os nÃveis sÃricos de amilase, lipase, TNF-, IL-6, IL-1 e dimiuiu os nÃveis de IL-10. A avaliaÃÃo histolÃgica revelou edema, infiltraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos, hemorragia, vacuolizaÃÃo e necrose acinar no pÃncreas, alÃm de hemorragia pulmonar. NÃs tambÃm observamos um marcado aumento na expressÃo de TNF- na avaliaÃÃo imunohistoquÃmica. O prÃ-tratamento com quercetina (25, 50 e 100 mg/kg, v.o.) ou talidomida (200mg/kg, v.o.) atenuou significativamente a gravidade da pancreatite aguda induzida por ceruleÃna, o que foi evidenciado pela reduÃÃo dos nÃveis sÃricos das enzimas amilase e lipase, reduÃÃo da inflamaÃÃo pancreÃtica atravÃs da supressÃo da infiltraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos e dos nÃveis sÃricos das citocinas TNF-a, IL-1b e IL-6, expressÃo de TNF-a. AlÃm disso, aumentou a produÃÃo de nÃveis da citocina IL-10 e demonstrou uma aÃÃo atioxidante atravÃs da diminuiÃÃo nos nÃveis de TBARS e restauraÃÃo de NP-SH pancreÃticos. Quercetina tambÃm atenuou a repercussÃo sistÃmica nos pulmÃes evidenciada atravÃs da supressÃo da infiltraÃÃo de neutrÃfilos (MPO) e diminuiÃÃo da hemorragia pulmonar demonstrada na avaliaÃÃo histolÃgica. Em conclusÃo, o estudo fornece a primeira evidÃncia de que a quercetina atenua o desenvolvimento da pancreatite aguda induzida por ceruleÃna em camundongos, atravÃs de mecanismos antiinflamatÃrios e antioxidantes.
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Townley, Hannah. "The effect of chemical and isotopic exchange on mica Rb-Sr closure temperatures in the Lepontine Alps." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30445.
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The aim of this study is to provide a greater understanding of the resetting processes, which produce the Rb-Sr closure temperature, allowing the production of more relevant models of closure temperature. This study provides information on the scale, mechanism and pathways of transport of species within rocks to understand how chemical exchange during cooling affects the closure temperatures of isotopic systems. To complete these objectives three areas are addressed: a literature review of the processes thought to be involved in defining a closure temperature, microanalytical work, and modelling of results. The samples studied are closed system marbles, implying that any exchange effects can be quantified, as any species lost from one mineral must be balanced by gain in another mineral or minerals. TIMS Rb-Sr suggests the phlogopite closure temperature is higher than that of biotite. This study and previous modelling work of chemical exchange suggest that closure temperatures are partly controlled by the mineral mode and the elemental concentration of species within each mineral. LA-ICP-MS studies of calcite reveal gradients of 87Sr/86Sr, which decrease away from the mica bands present in the samples over a few centimetres. Ion and electron microprobe work suggest that the movement of elements may be in the opposite sense to that of isotopic exchange, but the results from this part of the study are inconclusive. During cooling from peak metamorphism, isotopic and chemical gradients are "frozen" in different minerals. Modelling suggests that exchange occurs by a combination of volume and grain boundary diffusion. 87Sr/86Sr gradients in calcite are used to produce a new method of producing the age of peak metamorphism and the profile shape describes the cooling history. The results of this study imply that exchange within the Rb-Sr system is very complex and the closure temperature process is more complicated than previously thought.
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Moura, Ana Silvia A. M. T. "Components of growth and thermoregulation in MT-bGH transgenic mice /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842553.
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Salif, Harouna. "Effect of CDDO-me on myelopoiesis in naïve mice and in mice undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT)." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2009. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1472976.
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Welman, Shaun. "Seasonal changes in the heat production of an African small mammal, Rhabdomys pumilio." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/21417.
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Endothermy refers to the ability of an individual to produce heat from internal sources, and allows animals to maintain a body temperature that is higher than their external environment. Although much is known about the benefits of endothermy, its origin is highly debated. Nonetheless, due to environmental variation, endotherms have to regulate their heat production (thermogenesis) in order to remain normothermic. An endotherms regulatory response seems to be body size dependent. Keeping warm during cold periods is energetically expensive, and for small mammals this is exacerbated by their high rate of heat loss due to high surface area to volume ratios. To compensate for the heat lost, small non-hibernating mammals must increase their level of thermogenesis. Much of our current understanding of thermogenic responses of small mammals is derived from laboratory acclimated animals, and studies on naturally acclimatized animals are uncommon. In addition, most studies on thermogenesis tend to focus on one level of animal organisation, such as subcellular, tissue or in-vivo, but seldom integrate these data. The aim of this study was to measure year-round variation in thermogenesis across all levels of organisation, using naturally acclimatized Rhabdomys pumilio individuals from the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth. It was predicted that the level of thermogenesis would be significantly higher during winter relative to other seasons in order to cope with the low ambient temperatures (Tas) experienced during this season. Open flow respirometry was used to measure the animal's oxygen consumption, as a proxy for metabolism; the by product of which is heat production. The animal's basal metabolic rate (BMR), nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) capacity and summit metabolic rate (MSUM) were measured. A Western blot analysis was used to determine the expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP 1) in the animals' brown adipose tissue (BAT), as well as determine its relative concentration. The cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity of the animals' visceral organs and BAT was measured, as an indicator of the tissues' metabolic activity. COX activity was determined as the difference in the tissues' oxygen consumption before and after the addition of horse cytochrome c.
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Lufitha, Mundel. "Effect of substrate temperature on coating adhesion." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ58842.pdf.
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Mitchell, Angela. "The effect of temperature on starch synthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243060.
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Phillips, Lisa Elaine. "The effect of low temperature on Salmonella." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286534.
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Everett, Clare Alexandra. "Robertsonian translocations and their effect on the fertility of mice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357568.
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Prasad, Renee Priya. "The effect of rearing temperature on performance of Trichogramma sibericum at ambient temperature." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ51451.pdf.
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Wennman, Pär. "Decomposition and nitrogen transformations in digested sewage sludge applied to mine tailings-effects of temperature, soil moisture, pH and plants /." Uppsala : Dept. of Soil Sciences, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/9157666288.pdf.
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Kakireddy, Veera Raghava R. "Effect of temperature on copper chemical mechanical planarization." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001973.
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Griškevičius, Mečislavas. "High Temperature Effect On Resistance Of Timber Structures." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101119_134602-29128.
Full textAbstract:
The present dissertation and its main subjects inquires into the pine and oak timber strength property changes-temperature relations. It also explores the behaviour of slender timber elements in axial compression at higher temperatures; and the comparative analysis of obtained results.
The work seeks to accomplish the following major tasks: to obtain test data about the influence of high temperature on the properties of different natural – pine and oak – timber; to investigate the behaviour of slender timber elements under axial compression exposed to fire. Taking into account the investigated real fire effect to correct accordingly the existing in LST EN 1995-1-2 procedure for the fire resistance calculation of timber slender elements in compression.
The dissertation consists of an introduction, five chapters, general conclusions, a list of references, a list of author’s publications on the dissertation subject, and 2 Annexes.
Chapter 1 provides a literature review. It focuses on the publications inquiring into the loss of strength properties by timber at higher temperatures, the fire resistance of timber structures in compression. The chapter ends with the formulation of conclusions and the adjustment of research tasks.
Chapter 2 offers the methodology of the research on strength properties of timber at higher temperatures, and the schemes of the developed testing equipment.
Chapter 3 presents the procedure of the research on the behaviour of slender timber elements... [to full text]Disertacijoje nagrinėjami pušinės ir ąžuolinės medienos stipruminių savybių pokyčių temperatūriniai sąryšiai bei medinių centriškai gniuždomų liaunų elementų elgsena veikiant aukštesnėms temperatūroms. Pagrindiniai tyrimo objektai yra Lietuvos spygliuočių ir lapuočių medienos savybių pokyčiai didėjant temperatūrai ir centriškai gniuždomų liaunų medinių elementų elgsenos veikiant kaitrai eksperimentiniai tyrimai bei rezultatų lyginamoji analizė. Darbe spręsti tokie pagrindiniai uždaviniai: gauti eksperimentinius duomenis apie aukštos temperatūros poveikį skirtingos natūralios – pušinės ir ąžuolinės – medienos savybėms, atlikti centriškai gniuždomų liaunų medinių elementų elgsenos ugnyje tyrimus. Atsižvelgiant į tyrinėtą tikrovišką gaisro poveikį patikslinti esamą EN 1995-1-2 medinių liaunų gniuždomų elementų atsparumo ugniai skaičiavimo metodiką. Disertaciją sudaro įvadas, penki skyriai, bendrosios išvados, naudotos literatūros ir autoriaus publikacijų disertacijos tema sąrašai ir du priedai. Pirmasis skyrius skirtas literatūros apžvalgai. Jame pateikta darbų, kuriuose nagrinėjamas aukštesnės temperatūros veikiamos medienos, stipruminių savybių mažėjimas ir kuriuose pateikiami gaisro sąlygomis gniuždomų medinių elementų laikomosios galios tyrimų rezultatai. Pabaigoje formuluotos išvados ir disertacijos tikslai ir uždaviniai. Antrajame skyriuje pateikta medienos stipruminių savybių aukštesnėse temperatūrose tyrimo metodika ir sukurtų nestandartinių bandymo įrenginių schemos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Huang, Yan, and 黃燕. "Temperature dependent hall effect: studies ofGaN on sapphire." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42577068.
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Harvey, Roy Edward. "The effect of high temperature on yeast fermentations." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1000.
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McGinnity, Frank A. "The effect of temperature on engine gas dynamics." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241518.
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Parks, Olivia Waverly. "Effect of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49663.
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In light of increased stream temperatures due to urbanization and climate change, theeffect of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion should be explored. The objectives of this study are to: determine the effect of water temperature on the erosion rates of clay; determine how erosion rates vary with clay mineralogy; and, explore the relationship between zeta potential and erosion rate. Samples of kaolinite- and montmorillonite-sand mixtures, and vermiculite-dominated soil were placed in the wall of a recirculating flume channel using a vertical sample orientation. Erosion rate was measured under a range of shear stresses (0.1-20 Pa) for a period of five minutes per shear stress at water temperatures of 12, 20, and 27�"C. The zeta potential was determined for each clay type at the three testing temperatures and compared to mean erosion rates. The kaolinite erosion rate doubled when the temperature increased from 12 to 20�"C, and erosion of vermiculite samples tripled when the temperature increased from 20 to 27�"C. The montmorillonite samples generally eroded through mechanical failure rather than fluvial erosion, and the limited fluvial erosion of the montmorillonite-sand mixture was not correlated with water temperature. The data suggest correlation between zeta potential and erosion rate; however, due to the small sample size (n=3), statistically significant correlation was not indicated. Research should continue to explore the influence of water temperature on cohesive soil erosion to better understand the influence of clay mineralogy. Due to the high degree of variability in cohesive soil erosion, multiple replications should be used in future work. The vertical sample orientation enabled discrimination between fluvial erosion and mass wasting and is recommended for future studies.
Master of Science
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Doluweera, D. G. Sumith Pradeepa. "Effect of Weak Inhomogeneities in High Temperature Superconductivity." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1227215152.
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Pack, Jessica Spencer. "Effect of Localized Temperature Change on Vigilance Performance." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1429286666.
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Porter, Heidi S. "The effect of febrile temperature on Plasmodium falciparum /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2225.pdf.
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Takahashi, Junji 1951. "Effect of high temperature on lettuce seed development." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276828.
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More vegetable seeds are needed for developing countries to produce more vegetables. However, high temperature in these areas limits vegetable seed production. Leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was grown in growth chambers at 21°C and exposed to different temperatures (28, 35, 38 and 42°C) for different exposure times (1, 4 and 7 hours) when flowers were at seven stages of development near anthesis.
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Porter, Heidi Sue. "The Effect of Febrile Temperature on Plasmodium falciparum." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2007. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1573.
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Previously it has been shown that cultures of Plasmodium falciparum died following exposure to a febrile temperature of 40°C, as demonstrated by a decrease in parasitemia of the following generation. In the current study, the effect of 40°C treatment on culture media, erythrocytes, and parasite glucose consumption, were ruled out as possible influences on parasite death, demonstrating that 40°C impacted the parasites directly. Metabolic profiling of DNA synthesis, protein synthesis, and glucose utilization during exposure to 40°C clearly indicated that febrile temperatures had direct effect on major metabolic pathways and parasite development, beginning 20-24 hr after erythrocyte invasion. The ring stages were relatively refractory to heat and recovered completely if returned to 37°C. The mechanism of parasite death was investigated for evidence of an apoptosis-like pathway in cells treated with 40°C, chloroquine, and staurosporine. Lack of typical physiological hallmarks, namely, caspase activation, characteristic mitochondrial membrane potential changes, and DNA degradation as indicated by DNA laddering, eliminated ‘classical’, apoptosis as a mechanism of parasite death. Parasites dying under the influence of 40°C, staurosporine, and chloroquine initially appeared pyknotic in light and electron microscopy, as in apoptosis, but eventual swelling and lysis of the food vacuole membrane led to secondary necrosis. Initially, chloroquine did induce DNA laddering, but it was later attributed to occult white blood cell contamination. While not apoptosis, the results do not rule out other forms of temperature-induced programmed cell death.
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Davidson, Douglas L. "Effect of population density on the foraging effort of deer mice." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ33358.pdf.
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Westwood, Kerry. "The effect of housing conditions on the welfare of laboratory mice." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440254.
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Samuels, Abigail. "Characterisation of oestrogen's anabolic effect on the skeleton of female mice." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310637.
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Yaeram, Jakrit. "The effect of whole body heating on testis morphology and fertility of male mice / by Jakrit Yaeram." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21887.
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Pipatsattayanuwong, Siriporn. "Alternative products from Pacific whiting : fresh surimi and texturized mince." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27380.
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The major portion of Pacific whiting (PW) is commercialized in the form of frozen
surimi. Alternative products for PW were investigated focusing on fresh surimi and
texturized meat from PW mince. Fresh surimi is made without additives and kept
refrigerated instead of frozen. Texturized meat is a meat-like product made from PW
mince through freeze-texturization.
Fresh surimi was stored at 5°C and analyzed for its total aerobic plate count
(APC), shear stress, shear strain, and color during 7 days storage. Frozen surimi from PW
was prepared with 0, 3, 6, and 9% cryoprotectants and was compared with fresh surimi
for its gel forming ability. Fresh surimi had a shelf life of 5 days and the gel forming ability
remained unchanged throughout storage time. Shear strain of fresh surimi was not different from frozen surimi with 9% cryoprotectants but shear stress was almost 3 times
higher than the frozen one.
Texturized meat from PW mince was prepared from unwashed or 1-washed mince
kept frozen for 6-8 mo with or without the addition of 6% cryoprotectants. The minces
were comminuted into a protein slurry, formed into patties, and frozen at -7, -18, and
-50°C. The evaluations of ice formation (by microscopic study), hardness, cook loss,
color, and water holding capacity were carried out during 20 days storage. The results
showed that texturized meat with parallel layers was made from 1-washed PW mince.
Unwashed PW mince created a sponge-like texture and had rapid quality deterioration,
thus it is not recommended for this product. Cryoprotectants did not significantly affect
the texture formation of the product and are not required to store mince as raw material
for the texturized meat. The optimum freeze-texturized temperature for this product was
-18°C or lower because it minimized quality changes during storage depending on the
desirable texture. The lower the temperature (higher freezing rate), the finer the layers
created.Graduation date: 1996
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Fairbrother, Anne. "Interactive effects of pathogens, toxicants, and temperature on the immune system and bioenergetics of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/13436290.html.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1985.Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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Nevhulaudzi, Thalukanyo. "Interactive effects of Bacillus subtilis and elevated temperature on germination, growth and grain quality of cowpea irrigated with acid mine drainage." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26149.
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This study’s main goal was to evaluate Bacillus subtilis inoculation and mine water irrigation effect on germination, growth, nodulation, physiology and shoot/grain quality of cowpea genotypes exposed to extreme climatic conditions (elevated temperatures). The first experiment evaluated the interactive effect of Bacillus subtilis (BD233) inoculation and elevated temperature on germination indices and plumule lengths of three genotypes (Asetanapa, Soronko and Nyira) of cowpea. The results showed that interaction between B. subtilis (BD233) and temperature significantly (p<0.05) influenced the germination indices (germination percentage (G%), germination index (GI) and germination rate index (GRI)) and plumule length of cowpea seedlings and genotype responses were significantly different. At elevated temperature (35oC), inoculation with B. subtilis (BD233) enhanced seed germination and growth of cowpea. The second experiment evaluated the effect of temperature on growth and nutritional content of cowpea incubated for seven days in a growth chamber. The results showed that when cowpea genotype, Soronko, was incubated at different temperature regimes, the whole plant biomass, shoot carbon and crude protein contents were significantly affected with temperature increases at all three stages of the plants’ life cycle. The results suggest that the pre-flowering (40 DAP) and flowering (90 DAP) stages of cowpea compared to post-flowering (123 DAP) are more susceptible to elevated temperatures (30-35oC). The third experiment evaluated Bacillus subtilis inoculation and mine water irrigation effect on growth, nodulation, physiology and nutritional content of cowpea under glasshouse conditions. The results revealed that the interaction of B. subtilis (BD233) inoculation and mine water (75% AMD) irrigation was significant for the growth, nodulation, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll contents and shoot/grain nutritional quality of cowpea genotypes. In comparison with control, generally, B. subtilis inoculation enhanced the growth, nodulation and yield of all tested cowpea genotypes and irrigation with mine water significantly influenced the mineral contents in both shoot and grain of cowpea. Taken together, findings in this study have implications for cultivation of cowpea, an important candidate for food/nutrition security in Africa, under future climate change scenarios.Environmental Sciences
M. Sc. (Environmental Sciences)
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Mochubele, Ekgatlamang Mothusi. "Effects of increasing rejection temperatures on electricity demand for ventilation and cooling in automated metalliferous underground mines." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23253.
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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Build Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering
Johannesburg, 2014The South African power crisis and corresponding rising costs experienced since 2008, created a paradigm shift in terms of electricity use. The mining sector is the second highest consumer of electricity with metalliferous mines being accountable for 80% of the total power. Recent studies revealed that underground ventilation and cooling accounts for 30% to 40% of total electricity costs in an underground metalliferous mine. Hence the need to look at ways to reduce electricity consumption in ventilation and cooling. Work has been done on optimising efficiencies of ventilation and refrigeration systems of underground mines. Currently, the high energy consumption is driven by efforts to achieve a thermally acceptable environment for workers (manned) in deep metalliferous mines which is currently between 27ºC (wb) and 29ºC (wb). However, no detailed study has been done looking at increasing thermally acceptable environments for deep level metalliferous mine. In this study the impact of increasing rejection temperature to 40ºC (db) was assessed in the automated (unmanned) scenario at a maximum depth of 2811 metres. Then the power demand was compared with the manned scenario. The results proved that automation in an underground mine has the potential of reducing electricity cost of ventilation and cooling by more than 50%. For example, the production rate of about 200 kilo-tons per month yield an annual cost saving of R71 million on electricity. These cost savings can be used to justify automation systems. Automation removes workers from the hazardous environment and replaces them with equipment which can withstand harsher conditions. The introduction of an automation system in underground mines would not come risk-free. Currently, automation systems have not yet reached a level of removing workers completely from underground.There are instances that would require workers to enter production zones. A Bow-Tie risk analysis was used to show the hazards that workers would be exposed to and prevention controls and responses to mitigate the impact the risks.
MT2017
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CHIH-MING, YEH, and 葉致銘. "Effect of Higher Temperature for Low Temperature PEM Fuel Cell." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78329330214041608894.
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碩士元智大學
機械工程學系
93
In this study, the high temperature effect of the PEM fuel cell to operate under a wide range of operating conditions with different system characteristics. The impurities of MEA depend on leaving operating time. PEM fuel cells operating at elevated temperature provide significant advantage over low temperature PEM fuel cells. The performance of the PEM fuel cell at higher temperature has been degradation 50％.
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"The immunomodulatory effect of methimazole on inbred mice." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5887057.
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by Tsui Kai Wing.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-112).
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgements --- p.iii
List of Abbreviations --- p.iv
Contents --- p.v
Chapter Chapter 1 --- General Introduction --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 2 --- The Effect of In Vivo Methimazole Treatment on the Functions of Macrophages --- p.10
Introduction --- p.10
Materials and Methods --- p.14
Results --- p.27
Discussion --- p.38
Chapter Chapter 3 --- The Effect of In Vivo Methimazole Treatment on the Function of Lymphocytes --- p.41
Introduction --- p.41
Materials and Methods --- p.44
Results --- p.50
Discussion --- p.60
Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Lack of Demonstrable Effect of In Vitro Methimazole Treatment on the Functions of Macrophages and Lymphocytes --- p.62
Introduction --- p.62
Materials and Methods --- p.63
Results --- p.66
Discussion --- p.74
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Effect of Thyroid Hormone Replacement on the Immune Response of Methimazole-Treated Mice --- p.76
Introduction --- p.76
Materials and Methods --- p.78
Results --- p.82
Discussion --- p.91
Chapter Chapter 6 --- General Discussion --- p.95
References --- p.99
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Hao, Cherng-Wei, and 郝承偉. "Antidepressant Effect of Lemon Essential Oil on Mice." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87747131135475541924.
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博士國立臺灣大學
食品科技研究所
101
Abstract Accumulating studies have indicated that either inhalation or digestion of essential oils (e.g., lemon essential oil (LEO)), impart various bioactivities on humans and mammalian species, such as antibacterials, antioxidants, and radical scavengers. These oils also display some potential effects on the control or modulation of emotions. Despite the potential effects on mood control, LEO was usually administered via inhalation in most antidepressant studies and fewer attempts were made to administrate LEO orally. It is of great interest to expand the use of LEO in foods. The chemical composition of the LEO was analyzed by GC-MS and the volatile compounds were identified by mass spectra, retention index, and comparison with known standards. The major identified compounds are limonene (67.7%), β-pinene (13.0%), γ-terpinene (10.1%), α-pinene (2.2%), myrcene (1.9%), ρ-cymene (1.7%), and β-myrcene (1.0%). Taking advantage of tail suspension test (TST) as a mouse model of depression, the aims of this study are to (1) investigate the antidepressant effect of LEO and its effective dose, (2) to examine its physiological and histopathological impact, and (3) to explore the biochemical alterations in the brains of LEO gavaged mice. Six experiments were conducted in this study. A Latin square design was first applied to establish a “U-shaped” dose-response curve and to reveal an effective dose of LEO in mice using TST. Their spontaneous locomotor activities were further examined in the open field and our result indicated that different concentrations of LEO had no effect on their spontaneous locomotion. By contrast to Fluoxetine (18 mg/kg bw, o.p.) as a positive control, the effective dose (i.e., 400 mg/kg bw) of LEO was further confirmed in another batch of naïve mice. Our physiological examination also revealed that these dosages of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg bw LEO we used in this study did not affect their body weights, glucose, the total cholesterol, the blood urea nitrogen and the total bilirubin of serum. By using HPLC to evaluate biochemical alterations in the brain of LEO gavaged mice, significant alterations of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin monoamine were revealed in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus, which might, at least in part, account for the antidepressant effect of LEO in these mice.
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SU, YI-CHUN, and 蘇宜君. "Antihyperglycemic effect of moraceae extract in diabetic mice." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ukg59f.
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碩士長榮大學
醫學研究所
107
Diabetes is a common metabolic disease. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes will become the seventh leading cause of death in the world in 2030. The regulation of blood glucose is an important factor in avoiding the complications of diabetes. To reduce the mortality rate of diabetes, many researchers have tried to use natural extract to improve the symptoms of hyperglycemia. This research is to explore whether the extracts of Moraceae can effectively improve the symptoms of hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. The experiment induced mice into two groups of diabetes: (1) Intravenous streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) was induced into type 1 diabetic mice; (2) High-fat diet induced four weeks of type 2 diabetic mice. The extracts of Moraceae were orally administered at 30 (mg/kg), 50 (mg/kg), and 70 (mg/kg), respectively. The experimental control group used glibenclamide , insulin and metformin respectively. The results showed that the blood glucose of normal mice decreased to 98.8±3.8 (mg/dl) (p<0.01); the blood glucose of type 1 diabetic mice decreased to 272.5 ± 12.4 (mg/dl) (p<0.0001); blood glucose in type 2 diabetic mice decreased to 113.8 ± 5.7 (mg / dl) (p < 0.0001) after oral administration of Moraceae extracts. The experimental results confirmed that normal and diabetic mice can produce hypoglycemic effects as dose-related increases. In the normal mice oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), the blood glucose level of the experimental group was 144±5.3 (mg/dl) (p<0.05) at 90 minutes. In the skeletal muscle glycogen test, the experimental group, The normal muscle glycogen content increased to 132.9 ± 5.3 (μmol/g) (p<0.05), the type 1 diabetic mice increased to 115.3 ± 3.2 (μmol/g) (p<0.0001) and type 2 diabetic mice increased to 123.3 ± 1.5 (μmol/g) (p < 0.0001). The experimental results show that the extracts of Moraceae can indeed increase the glucose utilization rate of mice. In the insulin tolerance test (ITT), the blood glucose of the experimental group was 201.8±7.5 (mg/dl) (p<0.05) at 90 minutes. In the insulin test, the insulin content of the normal mice in the experimental group increased to 104.1 ± 2.9 (pmol/l) (p<0.01) and type 2 diabetic mice increased to 124.4 ± 3.7 (pmol/l) (p<0.01). In the insulin receptor substance 1 (IRS-1) test, the IRS-1 content of the normal mice in the experimental group increased to 6.4±0.2 (ng/ml) (p<0.05), the type 1 diabetic mice increased to 5.8±0.3 (ng/ml) (p<0.05) and the type 2 diabetic mice increased to 7.3±0.4 (ng/ml) (p<0.05). The experimental results show that the extracts of Moraceae can indeed increase the insulin sensitivity of normal and diabetic mice. The experimental results confirmed that extracts of Moraceae have the effect of regulating blood glucose and can increase glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity in diabetic mice. Therefore, the Moraceaes extract may be a natural product with hypoglycemic effect. Keywords: streptozotocin, high-fat diet, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, Insulin sensitivity, Glucose utilization rate , Moraceaes extract
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Chiou, Yi Chan, and 邱伊嬋. "The effect of Maslinic acid on asthmatic mice." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22107CGU05114094%22.&searchmode=basic.
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