Journal articles: 'Metsch'

1

Szőnyi, Tamás, and Zsuzsa Weiner. "Proof of a conjecture of Metsch." Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A 118, no. 7 (October 2011): 2066–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcta.2011.04.012.

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Quintela, Eliane D. "Produção de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sor. em quirela de arroz." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 23, no. 3 (December 1, 1994): 557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v23i3.981.

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Alves, Sergio B., Sinval Silveira Neto, Marinéia L. Haddad, and Daniel R. Rosa Gómez. "Separação de isolados de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok., através da análise fenética." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 15, supl. (December 15, 1986): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v15isupl..449.

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Harterreiten-Souza, E. S., L. G. A. Pessoa, and E. de S. Loureiro. "COMPATIBILITY OF NEUTRAL DETERGENT WITH THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROK." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 78, no. 3 (September 2011): 471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v78p4712011.

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ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi have been widely used in pests control. The main diluent for its application in the field is water, and due to its hydrophobic character, its dispersion in the environment is complicated. Several products may be mixed to the sprays, allowing the dissolution and the dispersion of the fungus in the spray. Yet, some of these products may influence in the viability, sporulation or even in its genetic composition, changing its virulence. This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of a neutral detergent about the viability of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Three different concentrations of a neutral detergent (Ipê®) were used: 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03% and an adhesive spreader (Tween 80) was used in the control. The percentage of conidia germination, the number of colony forming units (CFU), vegetative growth and the number of produced conidia were evaluated. There was no effect of the different concentrations of the neutral detergent on the germination. All detergent concentrations affected negatively in the vegetative growth of the fungus. Only the detergent at 0.01% of concentration did not affect the CFU number and the conidia production of the fungus. So, this is the only concentration classified as compatible for M. anisopliae, which may be recommended to promote the conidia dispersion of this fungus species in water.

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Frigo, Silvia Maria, and João Lúcio de Azevedo. "Meios de cultura e produção de conídios em Metarhizium Anisopliae(Metsch) Sorokin." Anais da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz 43, no. 1 (1986): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0071-12761986000100015.

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Foi estudada a produção de conídios em meio completo e em meio contendo diferentes concentrações de farinha de arroz, no fungo entomopatogênico Metarhizium anisopliae. As linhagens mais produtivas em meio completo foram M, E6, A4 e E9; em meio de arroz, verificou-se que maior produção ocorria quando o arroz era adicionado na concentração de 60 g/l.

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6

Heineck-Leonel, Maria A., and Luiz A. B. Salles. "Incidência de parasitóides e patógenos em adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) na região de Pelotas, RS." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 26, no. 1 (April 1997): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591997000100011.

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O trabalho teve por objetivo identificar e quantificar os inimigos naturais de adultos de Diabrotica speciosa (Germ.) coletados em diferentes plantas olerícolas entre maio de 1994 e abril de 1995 em Pelotas, RS (lat. 31°, 52'S, long. 52°, 21'W). Os inimigos naturais mais freqüentes foram o taquinídeo Celatoria bosqi Blanch., o braconídeo Centistes gasseni Shaw e o fungo Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. O nematóide Hexamermis sp. e o fungo Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. ocorreram em baixos níveis. Durante o ano, os menores percentuais de parasitismo foram observados no mês de dezembro (6,6%) e os maiores em abril (35,5%), resultando em um parasitismo médio anual em torno de 20%.

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Velavan, Viswakethu, Rajendran Dhanapal, Govindaraju Ramkumar, Sengodan Karthi, Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan, Osmund A. Ndomba, and Eliningaya J. Kweka. "Characterization and Evaluation of Metarhizium spp. (Metsch.) Sorokin Isolates for Their Temperature Tolerance." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8010068.

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A field survey was done in teak (Tectona grandis F.) forests in South India to explore the entomopathogenic effect of Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Sordariomycetes) against teak defoliator, Hyblaea puera (Lepidoptera: Hyblaeidae). About 300 soils and infected insect samples were collected during the survey and thirty-six fungal isolates were isolated from soil and insect samples and characterized. The fungi were cultured on PDAY with dodine and antibiotics. Generally, the EPF culture was incubated at 27 °C in darkness for 15 days. Virulence of the Entomopathogenic Fungi (EPF) ability to germinate under cold and heat temperatures was assessed in a culture impregnated with conidia. In the experiment, it was found that for the first time Metarhizium quizhouense, Metarhizium robertsii, and Metarhizium majus species caused significantly higher mortality to hosts. These isolates of M. anisopliae, M. robertsii, M. majus, and M. quizhouense were all considered to be effective virulent and environmentally adaptive. The Metarhizium isolates were recommended as effective bio-control agents through the field investigation of teak defoliator Hyblaea puera from South India forest. This study paves the way to utilize the indigenous isolates of EPF for the control of teak defoliator and to combat the pests thatare resistant to insecticide.

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8

ALVES, S. B., S. H. RISCO, S. SILVEIRA NETO, and R. MACHADO NETO. "Pathogenicity of nine isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. to Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr.)." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 97, no. 1-5 (August 26, 2009): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1984.tb03767.x.

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9

de Freitas, Aline, Maria Gabriela Bispo Almeida Araújo, Eleci Hendges, Ana Gorete Campos de Azevedo, Danielle Marques de Oliveira Lima, Iedo da Cruz, Marcelo da Costa Mendonça, and Leandro Eugenio Cardamone Diniz. "Viability of Metarhizium anisopliae conidia (metsch.) Sorok preserved in packages containing silica gel." BMC Proceedings 8, Suppl 4 (2014): P128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1753-6561-8-s4-p128.

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10

Chandra Teja, K. N. P., and S. J. Rahman. "Characterisation and evaluation of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin strains for their temperature tolerance." Mycology 7, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2016.1247116.

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11

Samuels, Richard I. "A sensitive bioassay for destruxins, cyclodepsipeptides from the culture filtrates of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 27, no. 2 (June 1998): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591998000200009.

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Destruxin A, a toxic cyclodepsipeptide, was purified from culture filtrates of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. by Reverse-Phase HPLC, and assayed for its effects on a larval Manduca sexta (L.) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) heart preparation. Destruxin A was found to cause reversible and dose-dependent acceleration of the heart beat. The heart bioassay was highly sensitive to pulse applications of destruxin A at concentrations as low as 35 pmol. Because of its high level of sensitivity, the M. sexta heart bioassay could be used to detect and quantify destruxins in tissue extracts from mycosed insects or to confirm bioactivity of HPLC fractions. The site of action of Destruxin A was not determined. However, this toxin did not act as a 5HT receptor agonist.

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12

Machowicz-Stefaniak, Zofia. "Disease symptoms occurring in caterpillars of Malacosoma neustria L. (Lepidoptera) infected by some fungi." Acta Mycologica 15, no. 1 (November 21, 2014): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/am.1979.007.

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The infection of M. neustria<-i> caterpillars by Beauveria bassiana<-i> (Bals.) Vuill., Metarrhizium anisopliae<-i> (Metsch.) Sorok., Paecilomyces farinosus<-i> (Dicks. ex Fr.) Brown et Smith, Verticillium lecanii<-i> (Zimm.) Viegas causes the decrease of their viability, paralysis and mummification of the body. Only in the case of B. bassiana the character distinguishing infection by this fungus are black spots on the surface of the cuticle. The easy development and aboundant spore formation of the above-mentioned hyphomycetous fungi on M. neustria<-i> facilitate the determination of the causes of the disease.

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13

Ribeiro, Sonia M. A., Elza A. de L. Alves-Lima, and Wilma T. G. de Assunção. "Sobrevivência de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin (Linhagem PL43) em folhas de cana-de-açúcar." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 21, no. 2 (August 31, 1992): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v21i2.769.

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14

Bai, N. Sapna, OK Remadevi, TO Sasidharan, M. Balachander, and Priyadarsanan Dharmarajan. "Cuticle degrading enzyme production by some isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.)." Journal of Bio-Science 20 (January 13, 2014): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17648.

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Context: Entomopathogenic fungi have been recognized as viable alternate options to chemicals in insect pest control. Unlike other potential biocontrol agents, fungi do not have to be ingested to infect their hosts but invade directly through the cuticle. Entry into the host involves both enzymic degradation of the cuticle barrier and mechanical pressure. Production of a range of cuticle degrading enzymes is an important event in the interaction of entomopathogenic fungi and host. Enzyme secretion is believed to be a key contributor for the virulence of a fungal isolate. Objectives: The potentiality of nine isolates of M. anisopliae were tested to produce to produce three important cuticle degrading enzymes, viz., chitinase, protease and lipase. Materials and Methods: Nine isolates of M. anisopliae were evaluated for chitinase, protease and lipase enzyme production by determining the enzyme index and activities. Results: Chitinase index of these isolates were ranged from 1.5 to 2.2 and chitinolytic activity from 0.525 to 1.560 U/ml. The isolates showed protease index in the range of 1.2 to 3.3 and the activity ranged from 0.020 to 0.114 U/ml. Lipase index ranged from 1.15 to 7.0 and the enzyme activity ranged from 0.153 to 0.500 U/ml. A strong relationship was observed between virulence of the isolates and cuticle degrading enzyme production as increased enzyme production was observed for virulent isolates. Conclusion: In the present study three isolates as (MIS2, MIS7 and MIS13) demonstrated cuticle degrading enzyme (CDE) that indicate higher virulence based on the bioassay conducted earlier by the authors as strongly substantiating the role of CDEs is considered the virulence of Metarhizium isolates. So, these isolates may be as ecofriendly insect-pest control agent in future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17648 J. bio-sci. 20: 25-32, 2012

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15

Wang, Baohui, Jianwei Zheng, Dazhuang Huang, Da Wang, Xiaoyong Han, and Xiaohong Wang. "Symptoms and histopathological study of Anoplophora glabripennis larvae infected with Metarhizium (Metsch.) Sorokin MS01." Frontiers of Agriculture in China 3, no. 2 (February 28, 2009): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11703-009-0024-z.

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16

Sahayaraj, Kitherian, Jesu Francis Borgio, and Luigi Lucini. "Route of infection and hematological effect ofMetarhizium anisopliae(Metsch.) Sorokin onDysdercus cingulatus(Fab.) adult." Journal of Basic Microbiology 54, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jobm.201200258.

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Cheraghi, Amir, Behzad Habibpour, and Mohammad Saied Mossadegh. "Application of Bait Treated with the Entomopathogenic FungusMetarhizium anisopliae(Metsch.) Sorokin for the Control ofMicrocerotermes diversusSilv." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/865102.

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Microcerotermes diversusSilvestri (Isoptera, Termitidae) is considered to be the most destructive termite in Khuzestan province (Iran), and its control by conventional methods is often difficult. Biological control using entomopathogenic fungi could be an alternative management strategy. Performance of a bait matrix treated with the entomopathogenic fungusMetarhizium anisopliae(Metsch.) Sorokin, Strain Saravan (DEMI 001), againstM. diversuswas evaluated in this paper. The highest rate of mortality occurred at concentrations of 3.7 × 107and 3.5 × 108(conidia per mL). There was no significant difference between treatments, in the rate of feeding on the bait. The fungal pathogen was not repellent to the target termite over the conidial concentrations used. The current results suggest potential of such bait system in controlling termite. However the effectiveness ofM. anisopliaeas a component of integrated pest management forM. diversusstill needs to be proven under field conditions.

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Arutselvi, R., T. Balasaravanan, P. Ponmurugan, and Adeena Ane Joel. "EFFECT OF VARIOUS BIOPESTICIDES AND BIOCIDES ON THE LEAF PEST, UDASPES FOLUS OF TURMERIC PLANTS." Journal of Biopesticides 5, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.5.1.51-56.

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ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi have great potential in pest management due to their mode of action, specificity and cost efficiency. The present study was done to evaluate the effect of various fungal agents like Trichoderma viride, Beauvaria bassiana (Balsamo) Metrarhizium anisophilae (Metsch), Hirsutella citriformis(Speare), Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson and neem based pesticides (Azadiractin) on the leaf roller pest, Udaspes folus which affects the growth of turmeric plants to a great extent. The results were compared with the standard chemical pesticide action. The effect of various pesticide applications on turmeric plant and rhizome was also evaluated as the rhizome product is directly consumed by all. The various biochemical parameters in turmeric leaves were studied in both infected and healthy leaves. Among the tested entomopathogenic fungi, Hirsutella citriformis was found to significantly control U. folus followed by Metrarhizium anisophilae.

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Macedo, Daniella, Sérgio Batist Alves, and Solange Aparecida Vieira. "Seleção de isolados de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. a Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stal, 1854) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae)." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 27, no. 1 (June 30, 2006): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2006v27n1p47.

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Fauzana, Hafiz, and Miftahul Fadilla. "UJI PENINGKATAN KONSENTRASI Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) PADA MEDIA KOMPOS DALAM MENGENDALIKAN LARVA Oryctes rhinoceros L." Jurnal Agroteknologi 12, no. 2 (April 17, 2022): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/ja.v12i2.15394.

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The Rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) is the main pest of palm oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Biological control using Metarhizium anisopliae fungus was effective in controlling O. rhinoceros. M. anisopliae fungus can be applied on palm oil empty bunches (POEB) which composted (Metankos). The research result in 2019 that a concentration of 50 g.l-1 M. anisopliae only kill 56% of O. rhinoceros larvae, so an increase in application concentration was tested. This research aimed to obtain the best concentration by increasing the concentration of M. anisopliae in POEB compost mixed with sawdust in controlling O. rhinoceros L. larvae. The research was conducted at The Plant Pest Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture University of Riau, to January until April 2021, using a completely randomized design (CRD), consist five treatment and four replications, concentration of M. anisopliae in compost was 55 g.l-1 water, 65 g.l-1 water, 75 g.l-1 water, 85 g.l-1 water, 95 g.l-1 water. The research showed that an increase in the concentration of M. anisopliae in compost of 75 g.l-1 water could be categorized as biopesticides because it caused an total mortality is 72,50 ± 5,00. The lethal concentrations 50% and 95% of M. ansiopliae in compost is 48 g.l-1 water approach to concentration 55 g.l-1 water and 140 g.l-1 water approach to concentration 95 g.l-1 water.

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Alves, L. F. A., S. B. Alves, L. G. Oliveira, and C. M. Jonsson. "EFEITO DO FUNGO METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROK. (DEUTEROMYCETES) PARA ASTYANAX SCABRIPINNIS (JENYNS, 1842) (PISCES: CHARACIDAE)." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 75, no. 4 (October 2008): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v75p4712008.

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RESUMO Avaliou-se o efeito de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) para Astyanax scabripinnis (Jenyns, 1842) (Pisces, Characidae), em condições de laboratório. Suspensões aquosas de conídios recémproduzidos, viáveis (viabilidade mínima 90%) e inviabilizados por meio de autoclavagem (121º C, 20 minutos, a 1 atm), na concentração de 6,5 x 1010 conídios/aquário (equivalente a 5 x 1015 conídios/ ha, que representa 1.000 vezes a concentração recomendada para o controle de cigarrinhas de pastagens, principal praga-alvo deste entomopatógeno no Brasil), foram aplicadas em aquários contendo A. scabripinnis . Foram analisadas amostras de água e dos peixes, dos quais foram dissecados as brânquias e o estômago, em diferentes intervalos de tempo, a fim de se avaliar a presença dos conídios. Observaram-se diariamente o comportamento e a mortalidade de peixes em ambos os tratamentos. Avaliou-se nos peixes sobreviventes a morfologia das células das brânquias e do fígado. Verificou-se que nas brânquias não houve alteração no número de conídios ao longo de 16 dias de contato, sendo que no estômago houve um ligeiro acréscimo inicial seguido de redução constante. A viabilidade dos conídios em todos os locais avaliados decresceu após 24 horas da aplicação. Constatou-se que não houve morte ou quaisquer alterações comportamentais após 30 dias de contato, indicando a ausência de efeitos adversos associados à capacidade do fungo em provocar infecção ou exercer efeitos tóxicos em ambos os organismos-teste.

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ALVES, S. B., S. H. RISCO, and L. C. ALMEIDA. "Influence of photoperiod and temperature on the development and sporulation of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 97, no. 1-5 (August 26, 2009): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1984.tb03726.x.

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Lorenzon, Thiziane Helen, Luiz Carlos Machado Filho, Sandra Mara Alves da Silva Neves, and Rogério Pontes Xavier. "Pegada hídrica como medida sustentável na produção de Metarhizium Anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok para a canavicultura." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 8, no. 1 (August 12, 2017): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/spc2179-6858.2017.001.0008.

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Em tempos de busca pela sustentabilidade hídrica faz-se essencial o desenvolvimento de técnicas e aplicações de métodos de reuso de água em sistemas produtivos. O consumo de água em áreas de suporte da cadeia produtiva da cana-de-açúcar é fator fundamental no desperdício hídrico, cujos estudos de potencialização da pegada hídrica são incipientes. Objetivou-se aplicar um sistema de reuso de água no processo de produção do fungo Metarhizium anisopliae, visando à otimização da pegada hídrica no controle biológico da cigarrinha no cultivo da cana-de-açúcar. O estudo deu-se em laboratório de produção de fungos de uma usina sucroenergética situada no município de Nova Olímpia, estado de Mato Grosso. Quantificou-se o consumo de água e seu desperdício relacionado a cada atividade, através de testes expeditos. A implantação do reuso de água no sistema de destilação, principal agente do desperdício, reduziu o consumo em 51,21%. O processo produtivo colaborou com cerca de 97% da oferta de água de reuso mensal. Esse valor poderia suprir de maneira individual toda a necessidade mensal de água do laboratório (37.980 litros). Embora não opere em circuito fechado, se testes de potabilidade fossem adotados, o sistema poderia ser modificado para este fim, tornando-o sustentável. A adoção de medidas de reuso de água, portanto, apresentou-se como uma técnica eficiente à conservação da água e a consequente melhoria da pegada hídrica azul como forma de medida de sustentabilidade ambiental.

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Karthick Raja Namasivayam, S., and P. Vinoth Kumar. "INFLUENCE OF GROWTH MEDIA ON PATHOGENICITY OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE ( METSCH) SOROKIN AGAINST CHILO PARTELLUS ( SWINHOE)." Journal of Biopesticides 02, no. 01 (June 1, 2009): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.2.1.92-93.

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ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to evaluate various liquid growth media viz sabouraud dextrose, sabouraud sucrose, sabouraud maltose supplemented with yeast extract, potato dextrose and coconut water derived coniospores and blastospores on sorghum stem borer Chilo partellus ( Swinhoe)Among the media, the conidia harvested from sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth ( SMYB),potato dextrose broth and coconut water were found to be pathogenic to all the larval instars of C.partellus. However, blastospores derived from none of the media did cause mortality

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Moino Jr., Alcides, and Sérgio B. Alves. "Efeito de imidacloprid e fipronil sobre Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. e no comportamento de limpeza de Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen)." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 27, no. 4 (December 1998): 611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591998000400014.

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Avaliou-se o efeito fungitóxico dos inseticidas imidacloprid e fipronil sobre os fungos entomopatogênicos Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok., por meio da medição do diâmetro de colônias e contagem do número de conídios produzidos por colônia que cresceu em meio de cultura contendo esses inseticidas. O imidacloprid foi menos tóxico para B. bassiana e M. anisopliae que o fipronil, sendo que M. anisopliae mostrou-se menos suscetível que B. bassiana aos dois produtos. Também foi avaliada a alteração no comportamento de limpeza de operários de Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen) sob a ação dos dois produtos. Para isso foram observados, com o auxílio da microscopia eletrônica de varredura, os conídios dos dois entomopatógenos presentes na superfície do tegumento dos insetos em diferentes horários após a inoculação. O produto imidacloprid em concentrações subletais alterou o comportamento de limpeza dos operários de H. tenuis, enquanto fipronil não provocou alteração nesse comportamento.

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Toledo-Hernández, Ricardo Alberto, Jorge Toledo, and Daniel Sánchez. "Effect of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) on food consumption and mortality in the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae)." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 38, no. 03 (July 20, 2018): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758418000073.

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AbstractAnastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is an important pest of mango and citrus in Mexico. Here, we report the effect of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin strain MAAP1 on mortality and food consumption in A. ludens adults. Experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions at 26 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 5% RH and 12:12 photoperiod. To assess pathogenicity and sublethal effects, we sprayed flies with 1 × 109 conidia/ml and 1 × 106 conidia/ml solutions, respectively. Food consumption was measured by providing known amounts of food through capillary tubes to caged flies. We found that M. anisopliae was highly virulent to A. ludens, causing 92.3 ± 0.62% mortality at day 13 post-exposure. Interestingly, food consumption reduced by 17% in flies exposed to the fungus. These results support the implementation of M. anisopliae within current strategies used for the integrated pest management of A. ludens.

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Hashim, N., Y. B. Ibrahim, and Y. H. Tan. "ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGAL INVASION ON THE CABBAGE-HEART CATERPILLAR CROCIDOLOMIA BINOTALIS ZELLER (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE)." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 19, no. 2 (December 13, 2017): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.343.

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The infection on Crocidolomia binotalis Zeller by the entomopathogenic fungi Paecilomyces fumosoroseus (Wise) Brown and Smith, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill, and Metarhizium anisopliae var. majus (Metsch.) Sorokin was studied histopathologically using electron microscopy. Conidia which landed on the cuticle germinated within four to six hours. In the case of B. basiana, shortly after landing, an appresorium was formed that attached itself fast onto the cuticle at the point of fungal entry. The infected larva then entered the moribund state 12 to 24 hours after inoculation. Death of the larva followed 24 to 48 hours later. By then the body cavity as well as the trachea were clogged with mycelia, and compacted masses conidiophores producing white conidia were found all over the larval cadaver one to two days later. P. fumosoroseus sporulated more abundantly on the surface of the cadaver compared to B. bassiana or M. anisopliae.

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Martins, José F. da S., Maria G. A. de Lima, Marcos Botton, Jairo J. Carbonari, and Eliane D. Quintela. "Efeito de isolados de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. e Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. sobre o percevejo-do-colmo do arroz, Tibraca limbativentris Stal." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 26, no. 2 (August 1997): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0301-80591997000200008.

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O percevejo-do-colmo, Tibraca limbativentris Stal (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), é praga importante da cultura do arroz (Oryza sativa) irrigado no Brasil. O efeito de isolados (CP) dos fungos entomopatogênicos Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Bb) e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. (Ma), na mortalidade (M) do percevejo, foi avaliado a campo, em três experimentos em gaiolas, incluindo arroz transplantado e infestação artificial com insetos adultos. No 1º e 2º experimentos, suspensões equivalentes a 10(13) conídios/ha foram pulverizadas no solo e nos colmos das plantas de arroz, onde os percevejos estavam concentrados. Os isolados CPBb164, CPMa171 e, principalmente, CPMa172 foram os mais virulentos (46,5% < M < 88,7%). No 3º experimento, dois métodos de aplicação foram avaliados: pulverização de conídios e distribuição manual de grãos de arroz com material fúngico em desenvolvimento, em dosagens equivalentes a 10(13) conídios/ha. Ambos os métodos de aplicação controlaram eficientemente (42,7% < M < 70,8%) o inseto.

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Corrêa, Hermes Geraldo, Claudio Luís Messias, José Bartolomeu Higinode Carvalho, and Ondino Cleante Bataglia. "Análise das deposições da pulverização aérea simulando a aplicação de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) na cultura da cana-de-açúcar." Bragantia 51, no. 1 (1992): 197–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0006-87051992000100013.

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Aplicações de inseticida biológico constituído de esporos do fungo Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) têm controlado satisfatoriamente a cigarrinha-da-cana, Mahanarva posticata (Stal), importante praga da cana-de-açúcar, em Alagoas. Este trabalho analisa as deposições da aplicação aérea na cultura da cana-de-açúcar, utilizando traçantes químicos e corantes. Foram determinados os depósitos do magnésio em fitas de papel acetinado colocadas transversalmente à linha de vôo e mediante análises de gotas recolhidas em cartões kromekote dispostos paralelamente às fitas. Nas condições em que as aplicações foram realizadas, verificou-se que nas faixas sobrepostas de 20 m, a recuperação foi de 44,5%,60% da qual se perde no solo de modo que, no final, apenas 18% do que foi aplicado efetivamente se deposita sobre a massa vegetal da cana. Portanto, se for realizada uma aplicação do entomopatógeno nas condições do ensaio, ela deverá apresentar uma deposição efetiva de aproximadamente 1/5 do total dos esporos aplicados por unidade de área.

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Pitta, R. M., S. C. Matiero, J. N. Corassa, and F. T, Rampelotti-Ferreira. "Influence of pastoral systems on Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) and the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin." Scientific Electronic Archives 12, no. 5 (October 10, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/1252019956.

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The influence of Urochloa brizantha (variety Marandu) grazing systems on Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) and the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) was studied to understand the benefits of integrated systems in pest management. The pastoral systems studied were: (M) monoculture, (SP) silvopastoral and (ICLF). We assessed the number, per square meter, of alive spittlebug nymphs or infected by M. anisopliae as well as the demanded number of entomopathogen sprays in each pasture system to control the pest. Throughout the experiment period, M. spectabilis was the unique species found. Silvopastoral had a higher number of alive nymphs and a lower percentage of the infected nymphs compared to pasture in monoculture; however, in both systems, only one spray of M. anisopliae was enough to keep the pest below its threshold. In agrosilvopastoral system, there was no spittlebugs infestation, consequently, none sprays was demanded. Thus, intensified production systems such ICLF may be more sustainable, considering pest aspects.

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Lecuona, Roberto E., Paulo M. Fernandes, Sergio B. Alves, and Ervino Bleicher. "Patogenicidade de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok., à broca-do-café, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 15, supl. (December 15, 1986): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v15isupl..443.

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Faria, Marcos R. de, Myrian S. Tigano, Eliana M. G. Fontes, and Roberto E. Lecuona. "Characterization and virulence Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates to eggs of Deois flavopicta (Stal.) (Homoptera: Cercopidae)." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 24, no. 3 (December 4, 1995): 659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v24i3.1081.

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César Filho, Everardo, Edmilson Jacinto Marques, and Reginaldo Barros. "Selection of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) and Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) isolates to control Alabama argillacea (Huebner) caterpillars." Scientia Agricola 59, no. 3 (September 2002): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162002000300008.

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The cotton leafworm, Alabama argillacea (Huebner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in herbaceous cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. r. latifolium Hutch) cropping, with constant occurrence in all cotton-growing states of Brazil. In this study Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana isolates were screened and evaluated for pathogenicity against Alabama argillaceae. Initially, a screening of ten isolates of each fungus in a concentracion of 10(8) conidia mL-1, was carried out on 3rd instar larvae of A. argillacea. Further studies were conducted to determine the pathogenicity and virulence of six and seven isolates of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana, respectively, against 3rd instar larvae of A. argillacea and using the concentrations of 10(6), 10(7), 10(8), and 10(9) conidia mL-1. The experiments were carried out in Recife, PE, Brazil, at 27 ± 2ºC, RH 70 ± 5% and a photophase of 12 hours. Mortalities caused by M. anisopliae isolate at the different concentrations ranged from 4.5 to 91.2%, the highest mortality percentage being found for the isolate 1189 at 10(9) conidia mL-1. The isolate 645 of B. bassiana caused the highest mortality at the highest concentration, followed by isolates 634, 604, and IPA 198. The lowest lethal time for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, was achieved by the isolates 483 (4.1 days) and 1189 (2.0 days), respectively. The isolates 1189, 1022 e 866 of M. anisopliae and 483, IPA198 and 604 of B. bassiana, at 10(8) e 10(9) conidia mL-1 are promissing for use the integrated control of A. argillacea larvae, but M. anisopliae seems more effective.

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Loureiro, Elisângela de Souza, Giovana Daniela Busarello, Luis Gustavo Amorim Pessoa, Manoel Araecio Uchoa-Fernandes, Marcelo Bruno Pessoa, Tatiana Souza do Amaral, and Inessa Steffany Torres de Oliveira. "Susceptibility of Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin in laboratory conditions." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 6 (May 12, 2022): e58629322. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i6.29322.

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This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenicity of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae on leaf-cutting ants Atta sexdens rubropilosa, under laboratory conditions. It was inoculated suspensions containing different concentrations of conidia on specimens of soldiers and workers, kept under controlled conditions. The mortality was verified daily until 15 days after inoculation. The experimental delineation was entirely random. Sporulation data were submitted to variance analysis and the average of the treatments were compared to each other by the Scott-Knott test. Probit analysis was performed to obtain the values of LT50 (in days). All isolates were pathogenic to A. sexdens rubropilosa, being more virulent for workers than for soldiers. Isolates IBCB 348, IBCB 410 and IBCB 425 were the most efficient in the mortality of the ants. Isolates IBCB 425 and UFGD 03 caused high percentages of confirmed mortality. The results showed that the tested isolates have the potential for using them as control agents of A. sexdens rubropilosa.

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Membang, Gertrude, Zachee Ambang, Hermine Claudine Mahot, Apollin Fotso Kuate, Komi Kouma Mokpokpo Fiaboe, and Rachid Hanna. "Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) susceptibility to indigenous Cameroonian Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) isolates." Journal of Applied Entomology 144, no. 6 (May 5, 2020): 468–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jen.12757.

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RIBA, Guy, Maria LOURDES DE AQUINO, and Sonia ALVES RIBEIRO. "Polymorphisme chez des souches brésiliennes de l'Hyphomycète entomopathogène Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, inféodées à des Cercopidae." Agronomie 7, no. 10 (1987): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/agro:19871002.

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Sirait, Desianty Dona Normalisa, Maryani Cyccu Tobing, and Irda Safni. "Keragaman genetik cendawan entomopatogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) berasal dari tanah pertanaman kelapa sawit berdasarkan penanda RAPD." Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 20, no. 1 (June 8, 2023): 22–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5994/jei.20.1.22.

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Metarizhium anisopliae (Metsch.) is an entomopathogenic fungus that attacks Oryctes rhinoceros (Linnaeus). This fungus is one of the potential bioagents that is environmentally friendly. The purpose of this study was to isolate the fungus M. anisopliae from various oil palm plantation soil samples and to see its genetic diversity based on RAPD markers. The method used in this research is the morphological and the molecular identification of M. anisopliae (ITS), and genetic diversity testing using RAPD markers. Fifteen isolates of M. anisopliae isolated from 15 oil palm plantation sites in North Sumatra were examined for their molecular diversity. On the basis of morphological characteristics, all isolates were identified as M. anisopliae. The result of sequencing with the ITS primer showed that all isolates of M. anisopliae isolated from soil had a 85–99% homology of with M. anisopliae and M. brunneum reference strains from gen bank database National Center Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Eight RAPD primers generated 39 scorable bands which 38 (98,44%) of them were polymorphic. Clustering analysis was performed based on RAPD profiles using Neighbour-Joining Tree method that formed 3 groups. Key words: entomopathogenic fungi, genetic diversity, ITS sequencing, RAPD

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Moino Jr., Alcides, and Sérgio Batista Alves. "EFEITO ANTAGÔNICO DE Trichoderma sp. NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok." Scientia Agricola 56, no. 1 (1999): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90161999000100029.

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Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de Trichoderma sp. no desenvolvimento de Beauveria bassiana e Metarhizium anisopliae. Trichoderma sp., B. bassiana (isolado 634) e M. anisopliae (isolado E-9) foram inoculados em meio BDA, com intervalos de 0, 48, 120 e 168 horas entre a inoculação de Trichoderma sp. e dos entomopatógenos. Avaliou-se o crescimento radial das colônias nos períodos de 48 e 120 horas após a inoculação de Trichoderma sp., sendo que este afetou o desenvolvimento dos entomopatógenos quando inoculado simultaneamente ou após 48 horas. B. bassiana e M. anisopliae desenvolveram-se normalmente quando inoculados 168 horas antes de Trichoderma sp.. Também foi avaliado o efeito de um extrato de Trichoderma sp. sobre os entomopatógenos, com a adição de 0,1; 0,5; 1,0 e 5,0 ml de extrato/100,0 ml de meio, onde foram inoculados os entomopatógenos. Foram medidos os diâmetros de colônias e o número de conídios produzidos por B. bassiana e M. anisopliae na presença do extrato. A concentração de 5,0 ml de extrato/100,0 ml de meio alterou o crescimento e a conidiogênese de B. bassiana. O fungo M. anisopliae foi afetado a partir da adição de 1,0 ml de extrato/100,0 ml de meio.

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Schaerffenberg, Bruno. "Zur Biologie und ökologie des insektentötenden Pilzes Metarrhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. (Entwicklung, Kultur, Lebensansprüche, Infektionsverlauf, praktische Bedeutung)." Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 44, no. 3 (August 26, 2009): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1959.tb00926.x.

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Pitta, R. M., S. C. Matiero, J. N. Corassa, and F. T. R. Ferreira. "Influence of pastoral systems on Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) and the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin." Scientific Electronic Archives 12, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36560/1262019996.

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Dinardo-Miranda, Leila L., Antônio C. M. Vasconcelos, José M. G. Ferreira, Carlos A. Garcia Jr., Álvaro L. Coelho, and Marcelo A. Gil. "Eficiência de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) no controle de Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) em cana-de-açúcar." Neotropical Entomology 33, no. 6 (December 2004): 743–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-566x2004000600012.

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Barreto, Rodrigo Soares, Edmilson Jacinto Marques, Manoel Guedes Corrêa Gondim Jr., and José Vargas de Oliveira. "Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the control of the mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)." Scientia Agricola 61, no. 6 (December 2004): 659–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162004000600015.

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The green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crants, leading to considerable field losses. In this study, ten Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and ten Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates were evaluated with regard to their potential as biological control agents against adult M. tanajoa females. The total mortality percentage of M. tanajoa caused by B. bassiana ranged from 13.0 to 97.0%, with confirmed mortality rates extending from 9.0 to 91.0% and LT50 varying from 4.2 to 17.0 days. The M. anisopliae isolates showed total mortality percentages ranging from 12.0 to 45.0% with confirmed mortality rates extending from 8.0 to 45.0%, and LT50 varying from 8.6 to 19.8 days. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of 3.93 × 10(6) conidia mL-1 and 7.44 × 10(8) conidia mL-1 were determined for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. B. bassiana isolate 645 was the most efficient, being an alternative for use in biological control programs against the cassava green mite.

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Silva, Cinthia Conceição Matias da, Edmilson Jacinto Marques, José Vargas de Oliveira, Auristela Correia de Albuquerque, Eliana Maria Dos Passos, and Jennifer Guimarães. "Effects of entomopathogenic fungi on different developmental stages of Cotesia flavipes (Cam.) a parasitoid of Diatraea flavipennella (Box) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 37, no. 1 (February 29, 2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n1p25.

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Biological control using the parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Cam.) is one of the main components in the integrated management of the sugarcane moth borer Diatraea spp. Besides this parasitoid, the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. are used to control sugarcane pests, and they can be found naturally parasitizing caterpillars. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana on different developmental stages of the C. flavipes parasitoid on Diatraea flavipennella (Box). The experiments were carried at laboratory with isolates PL 43 of M. anisopliae and ESALQ 447 of B. bassiana were applied to the parasitoid at the immature and adult phases. No negative effects were observed on the larval development of C. flavipes, and it could complete its development on caterpillars of D. flavipennella treated with fungi. The fungi did not cause pupal mortality. However, B. bassiana caused high mortality in the adult parasitoid (76%). The fungi had negative effects on parasitoids when applied during certain developmental stages of C. flavipes.

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Broglio-Micheletti, Sônia Maria Forti, Adriano Jorge Nunes dos Santos, and Josean Leite Pereira-Barros. "Ação de alguns produtos fitossanitários para adultos de Trichogramma galloi Zucchi, 1988 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 30, no. 6 (December 2006): 1051–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542006000600001.

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Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar em laboratório, a 26±2°C; UR 60±10% e fotofase de 12 horas, a influência do herbicida metribuzin 480 SC, do inseticida químico carbaril 480 SC, do fungo Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Sorokin e do óleo emulsionável de nim, Azadirachta indica A. Juss, sobre o parasitismo, a emergência e a longevidade de Trichogramma galloi Zucchi, 1988, criados em ovos de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794). Conduziu-se o ensaio utilizando-se 100 posturas, obtidas em laboratório, nas 24 horas após a oviposição, as quais foram tratadas por imersão e oferecidas aos parasitóides. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com dez tratamentos e dez repetições. O parasitismo foi prejudicado pelo nim nas concentrações de 0,33; 0,53 e 1%, seguido pelo carbaril a 4%, metribuzim a 2,14% e M. anisopliae (IPA 159E) a 0,4%. A emergência do parasitóide foi reduzida quando se utilizou o carbaril, M. anisopliae (IPA 159E) e metribuzim e, a longevidade foi afetada quando se empregou metribuzim e M. anisopliae (IPA 159E) com uma variação média menor que 24 horas.

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MENDES, Antonio C. B., Bonifácio P. MAGALHÃES, Orlando S. OHASHI, and Cleber N. BASTOS. "Infecção de Conotrachelus humeropictus Fiedler (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) por Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sor. e Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. no solo." Acta Amazonica 31, no. 4 (December 2001): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-43922001314538.

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Foi avaliada a infecção de larvas de Conotrachelus humeropictus Fiedler, séria praga do cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao L.) e do cupuaçuzeiro (T. grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum.) na Amazônia brasileira, por Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sor. e Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida nos campos experimentais da Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira - CEPLAC, em Ouro Preto D'Oeste, Rondônia. Foram testadas suspensões de 3,93 χ 1010 conídios/ml de M. anisopliae e 4,26 χ 1010 conídios/ml de B. bassiana, pulverizadas superficialmente em solo contido em recipientes de PVC, onde em diferentes dias após a pulverização (um, três, sete e quatorze dias) liberou-se larvas do último ínstar da praga. Beauveria bassiana mostrou-se mais eficiente (52,0% de mortalidade) do que M. anisopliae (42,7%), evidenciando assim, seu maior potencial no controle da praga. Os índices de mortalidade foram estatisticamente iguais para larvas liberadas até o 7º dia da contaminação, decrescendo significativamente no 14º dia. A queda na efetividade pode estar associada à presença de microrganismos antagonistas no solo.

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Araújo, Whalamys Lourenço de, Mariana Lima do Nascimento, Carlos Henrique de Brito, Maria Lúcia Maurício da Silva, Jacinto de Luna Batista, Pedro Ivo Palacio Leite, Jose Nunes de Oliveira Neto, Antônio Nunes de Oliveira, Aline Carla de Medeiros, and Patrício Borges Maracajá. "Avaliação de fungos no controle da mosca-das-frutas na preservação do mercado brasileiro de frutas." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 10 (September 17, 2020): e119107709. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.7709.

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O controle biológico, com a utilização de fungos entomopatogênicos, tem sido umas das promissoras alternativas no controle de moscas-das-frutas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a patogenicidade dos fungos entomopatogênicos das espécies Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. e Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) em larvas de 2º e 3º instar, pupas e adultos da mosca-das-frutas Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae). O experimento foi conduzido nos Laboratórios de Zoologia de Invertebrados e de Fitopatologia do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, no município de Areia - PB. Neste estudo foram utilizados dois isolados, Metarhizium anisopliae IDCB425 e Beauveria bassiana IDCB66, em diferentes concentrações. Verificou-se que o potencial de infecção de ambos isolados é maior em larvas de 2º e 3º ínstares e de adultos de C. capitata, do que em pupas. A taxa de mortalidade de C. capitata aumenta à medida que as suspensões se tornam mais concentradas. O isolado de IDCB66 de B. bassiana é mais eficiente à C. capitata, que o isolado IDCB425 de M. anisopliae.

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47

Mingotti Dias, Pamella, Elisângela de Souza Loureiro, Luis Gustavo Amorim Pessoa, Francisco Mendes de Oliveira Neto, Ricardo Alexandre de Souza Tosta, and Paulo Eduardo Teodoro. "Interactions between Fungal-Infected Helicoverpa armigera and the Predator Chrysoperla externa." Insects 10, no. 10 (September 20, 2019): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects10100309.

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The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interactions between Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) and the eggs and first-instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner 1805) infected by entomopathogenic fungi. The H. armigera eggs and larvae were treated with sterile distilled water + 0.01% Tween 80 (T1, control), Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill (T2), Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok (T3), or Metarhizium rileyi (Farlow) Samson. (T4) at different concentrations (1 × 107, 1 × 108, and 1 × 109 con. mL−1). For each treatment, a single third-instar C. externa was offered prey (a combination of 80 eggs and 50 first-instar H. armigera larvae) at 0, 24, and 48 h after inoculation. Ten trials were completed for each treatment, and the entire experiment was repeated three times. Neither the concentrations of fungi nor the application method affected consumption by C. externa. Because all the predator larvae reached the pupal phase, with 100% viability in adults, these results suggest that entomopathogenic fungi and C. externa are compatible and that the simultaneous use of these biological control agents is possible for managing H. armigera.

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Machado, Sônia S., Bonifácio P. Magalhães, and José M. C. S. Dias. "The effects of aeration on mycelium production by the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sor. in liquid fermentation." Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil 23, no. 3 (December 1, 1994): 565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/0301-8059.v23i3.983.

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Wagiyana, B. Habriantono, and F. K. Alfarisy. "Biological control of white grubs (Lepidiota stigma L; Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae) with entomopathogenic nematodes and fungus Metharizium anisopliae (Metsch)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 759, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/759/1/012023.

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Freitas, Alessandra Fequetia, Elisângela de Souza Loureiro, Maria Eliete Barbosa de Almeida, and Luis Gustavo Amorim Pessoa. "Rendimento de conídios e germinação de diferentes isolados de Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) cultivados em arroz." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 81, no. 1 (March 2014): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1808-16572014000100014.

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Abstract:

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a produção e a viabilidade de diferentes isolados de Metarhizium anisopliae em arroz. Foram colocados em sacos de polipropileno medindo 35 cm de comprimento e 22 cm de largura 100 g de arroz pré-cozido, imediatamente autoclavados a 120 °C, por 25 minutos. Após o resfriamento do arroz, inoculou-se 1 mL de uma suspensão contendo 1,0 x 109 conídios/mL de cada isolado testado, sendo acondicionados em câmara climatizada à temperatura de 25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% de UR e fotofase de 12 horas de incubação por 10 dias. Decorrido esse período, o arroz + fungo foi acondicionado em bandejas plásticas para promover a conidiogênese do fungo, dentro da câmara climática a 25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% de UR e fotofase de 12 horas. As bandejas ficaram empilhadas por quatro dias, cruzando-as por mais quatro dias. O isolado IBCB 425 foi o que mais produziu conídios em arroz com 1,82 x 109 conídios/g de arroz pré-cozido pelo método de bandeja. Com relação à viabilidade dos isolados, o IBCB 425 também apresentou maior capacidade de germinação dos conídios, com 94,84%.

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